Unit 4 History and Traditions
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the woman buying for her daughter
A.A dress. B.A bag. C.A pair of trousers.
2.What does the woman suggest the man do
A.Try mountain climbing.
B.Buy some new clothes.
C.Wear a jacket and sports shoes.
3.What would the woman do
A.Call the bank.
B.Send some money to the man.
C.Repair her phone.
4.When is this conversation probably taking place
A.In spring. B.In summer. C.In winter.
5.What is the topic of the conversation
A.Who can fix the TV.
B.What is wrong with the TV.
C.What the weather is like now.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the most likely relationship between the speakers
A.Mother and son.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Author and reader.
7.What class was the woman best at in school
A.Language. B.Literature. C.Math.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What has Kate’s mother decided to do
A.Return to school.
B.Change her job.
C.Retire from work.
9.What did Kate’s mother study at college
A.Oil painting.
B.Art history.
C.Business administration.
10.What is Kate’s attitude toward her mother’s decision
A.Disapproving.
B.Ambiguous.
C.Understanding.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.How will the Georges come
A.By train. B.By car. C.By air.
12.When will the Georges leave
A.On March 24th.
B.On March 25th.
C.On March 26th.
13.Who is seventeen years old
A.Fay. B.Rosemary. C.Mary.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.What is Mr Stone doing now
A.Eating lunch.
B.Having a meeting.
C.Writing a diary.
15.Why does the man want to see Mr Stone
A.To discuss a program.
B.To make a travel plan.
C.To ask for sick leave.
16.What will Mr Stone do tomorrow
A.He will go on a holiday.
B.He will go on a business trip.
C.He will have an appointment.
17.When will the man meet Mr Stone this afternoon
A.At 3:00. B.At 3:30. C.At 3:45.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What does the speaker mainly talk about
A.A sale of kitchen equipment.
B.A cooking method.
C.A repair service for kitchen equipment.
19.How long will the special offer last
A.For three days.
B.For two weeks.
C.For one month.
20.Why should customers call soon
A.To get a lower price.
B.To win a prize.
C.To avoid equipment problems.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
When in Rome,do as the Romans do.Here are some British etiquette(礼仪) and customs international students ought to know.
Visiting
In most houses in Britain,the doors are usually kept closed.It is customary to visit people at a pre-arranged time and day.Usually,people are not comfortable if you just drop in.Nevertheless,if someone says to drop in at any time,feel free to do so as long as it is not in the middle of the night.When you go into someone’s house,do take your hat off (men only).It is impolite for men to wear hats indoors especially in churches.
Greeting
In Britain,the handshake is a common form of greeting.When you meet people for the first time,it is normal to shake hands.A firm handshake is the standard;there are no issues over gender(性别) in Britain.The usual formal greeting is “How do you do ” and a firm handshake,but with a lighter touch between men and women.In Britain,unlike some other European countries,it is unusual to embrace or kiss the other person (unless they are family or a very close friend).
Gifts
During birthday and Christmas celebrations,it is common for the British to exchange gifts between family members and close friends.The gift doesn’t need to be expensive,but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipient’s (接受者) interests.When invited to someone’s home,it is normal to take along a box of good chocolates,a bottle of good wine or a bunch of beautiful flowers.Note that gifts are opened when received.
Punctuality
The British are generally punctual(守时的),especially the Scots.The British consider it impolite if you turn up late for an appointment.In most cases,the people you are meeting will be on time,call even if you will be 5 minutes later than you’ve promised.If you have been late or fail to keep your appointment,make an effort to contact the person to let them know.It is a good idea to telephone and offer your apologies.
21.What do the British men usually do when they meet for the first time
A.Embrace or kiss each other.
B.Shake hands firmly.
C.Bring an expensive gift.
D.Take off their hats immediately.
22.What present may the author recommend you if you attend a birthday party in Britain
A.A book the receiver is interested in.
B.A pet that you think is cute.
C.A red envelope with some money.
D.A fantastic and expensive bike.
23.Which of the following may be considered NOT polite for visiting British people
A.Visit them at a scheduled time.
B.Show up on time instead of arriving earlier.
C.Phone to tell them if one will be late.
D.Pay an unexpected visit to give them a surprise.
B
The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949,I was a nine-year-old war refugee(难民),who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know.My mother,Eleni Gatzoyiannis,had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.
I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High.Shortly after I arrived,I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours”.The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears,but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd,the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.
A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes,Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones.She drilled us in grammar,assigned stories for us to read and discuss,and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper.Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland,making me proud of my origins.Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language.Owing to her inspiration,during my next twenty-five years,I became a journalist by profession.
Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62.By then,she had taught for a total of 41 years.Even after her retirement,she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes,yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love,until the spark caught fire.
Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing.But for Miss Hurd,I wouldn’t have become a reporter.She was the one who sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.
24.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author.
B.The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.
C.Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.
D.The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about.
25.Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently
A.Stepping on the American soil for the first time.
B.Being exposed to Greek literary works.
C.Her mother’s miserable death.
D.Following the prettiest girl in his class.
26.What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A.Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students.
B.Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nation.
C.Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching style.
D.The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired.
27.What is the text mainly about
A.How the author became a journalist.
B.The importance of inspiration in one’s life.
C.The teacher who shaped the author’s life.
D.Factors contributing to a successful career.
C
It’s no secret that Auckland (the largest city in New Zealand) is a diverse city full of different cultures and new research has shown exactly how it and the rest of the country are changing.
More than 200 ethnic (民族的) groups are recorded as living here and Auckland is considered to have a wider variety of cultural groups than London or Sydney,with 40 percent of its population made up of different ethnicities.
The changing make-up of the country’s population is featured in the latest NZ Geographic magazine,which focuses on ethnic diversity,age,wealth and attitudes,drawn from the latest census (人口普查) figures.
Massey University social sciences research director Professor Paul Spoonley said Auckland’s multiculturalism today is way beyond what experts believed likely a few years ago.
Asian communities,in particular,in New Zealand have almost doubled since 2001,when 6.6 percent of the Kiwi people (New Zealanders) were Asian.The proportion (比例) in Auckland was 14.6 percent.By 2006,18.9 percent of the citizens in the city were Asian and today 23 percent identify themselves as Asian.
Nationally,the census showed 11.8 percent of the population was Asian—and that figure was increasing.
“The figures are higher than I would have thought a few years back,” Mr.Spoonley said.“And the healthcare system is attracting Asian workers.”
The article also showed that Kiwis had overall become more accepting of migrant communities and particularly of Asian peoples.That had been a hugely noticeable change,Mr.Spoonley said.
An Asian community leader Kai Luey in Auckland said there were a number of things that attracted Asians to New Zealand and particularly to Auckland.“The environment is clean,there’s fresh air and there’s safety of food...There’s a good education system here in New Zealand...”
New Zealand was also considered to be a much safer place than many other countries,such as America,Canada and Australia.
28.What change has taken place in Auckland
A.It has been developing at a higher speed.
B.It has started to control its population.
C.It has begun to value ethnic cultures.
D.It has become a more diverse city.
29.What is the proportion of Asians in Auckland now
A.About one-tenth.
B.Below one-fifth.
C.Nearly one-fourth.
D.More than two-fifths.
30.Why do many Asians migrate to New Zealand according to Spoonley
A.They need a better education.
B.They want to live in a safe place.
C.They love the clean environment.
D.They hope to get better healthcare.
31.What do most New Zealanders think of Asian migrants
A.They are part of the society.
B.They are a small ethnic group.
C.They are very likely to change.
D.They are a threat to the country.
D
In Japan,more than 25% of the population is over 65,a figure set to rise to 40 percent by 2050.
That means authorities need to think about ways to keep healthy and active for longer but also about how to deal with labor shortages.
At Cross Heart,more than half of the 119 caregivers are over 60,and 15 of them are over 70.The foundation that runs this nursing-home and others in Kanagaw a Prefecture has raised the official retirement age to 70 but allows employees to keep working until 80 if they want to and can.
Although older workers have constraints—some can’t do the heavier tasks—they also offer advantages over younger workers who want time off for their children,said nursing home director Kaori Yokoo.
“Plus,because they’re close in age,they can relate to each other more,” she said.For the older workers,the money is a nice benefit,but the main motivation is the activity and sense of community.
Hiroko Akiyama,at the University of Tokyo’s Institute of Gerontology,said,a Japanese 65-year-old is in much better physical and mental shape than a 65-year-old a few decades ago.“They are full of energy,and healthy and long-living,” she said.Her research has found that working helps keep seniors that way.
Meanwhile,researchers are working on robots that can lift the elderly out of beds and wheelchairs.
Still,Japan can’t rely only on seniors or,potentially,robots to staff its nursing homes,where the need will only grow as the population ages,analysts say.
Japan has agreements with Indonesia,Vietnam and the Philippines under which applicants who complete job training and pass a Japanese language test can work at a Japanese nursing home.But many Japanese also express deep concern about cultural differences.
32.What can we learn in Japan from the text
A.Money will be spent increasing the skills of the workforce.
B.Young people are willing to care for children but not seniors.
C.Aging caregivers will increasingly become a usual trend.
D.High-level nursing homes are in great need.
33.What does the underlined word “constraints” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Failures. B.Benefits.
C.Experiences. D.Drawbacks.
34.What is the main reason for the old to work for nursing homes
A.To meet their physical and mental needs.
B.To earn some money for their families.
C.To show love and respect for seniors.
D.To reduce the young’s burden.
35.How many aspects does the writer mention to increase the workforce
A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anxiety and depression are complex conditions.But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind 36
Self-Compassion(自我关怀)
37 This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others’ expectations.The answer to perfectionism isn’t letting it all go— it’s self-compassion,which means you are kind and understanding when faced with personal failures—after all,who ever said you were supposed to be perfect How we treat ourselves through the ups and downs of life can have a huge impact on health and mental health.
Social Connection
From the time we are born,we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. 38 It can be talking to one trusted person about how you’re really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend.If this feels out of reach,try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging. 39
Exercise
Exercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary(缺乏锻炼的) lifestyle is a risk factor. 40 Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes,three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%.
So the best approach is:Get whatever support is in reach and care for your mind based on what works for you.
A.It is important to be kind to yourself.
B.But it doesn’t have to be a big party or an office full of people.
C.Being constantly self-critical is risky for anxiety and depression.
D.It may be vital to understand happiness when we struggle with mood.
E.One study found that 15 minutes a day of exercise significantly prevents depression.
F.The following behaviors are key ones linked to prevention of anxiety and depression.
G.Studies have shown that just thinking of positive relationships can help you tolerate stress.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was born legally blind.Of all the stories of my early childhood,the one about a 41 is my mother’s favorite.I was only two when the 42 occurred.We had just arrived home from a trip.Mom lifted me out of the car and 43 to speak to the driver.I took advantage of my brief 44 to dash across the lawn(草坪) and hit a large maple tree!I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and landed on my backside.Mom 45 me to start crying,but I just sat there for a minute.Then I 46 myself up and kept right on going.
Mom loves to use this story as an 47 .It reminds her that children don’t enter life 48 to take risks or unwilling to 49 again when they fall down.She never wanted me to lose that toughness as I grew older.When I 50 my major life decisions,I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn.I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a 51 .Through years of 52 ,I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.
We are almost certain to get 53 at some point during the process of achieving our goal.When that happens,don’t sit in the grass and 54 .Just get up and keep on going.It will all be worth it 55 .
41.A.trip B.race C.tree D.driver
42.A.incident B.change C.illness D.problem
43.A.feared B.refused C.forgot D.turned
44.A.delay B.absence C.freedom D.rest
45.A.promised B.encouraged C.allowed D.expected
46.A.woke B.picked C.warmed D.gave
47.A.answer B.example C.excuse D.order
48.A.afraid B.ashamed C.able D.anxious
49.A.ask B.share C.fear D.try
50.A.regretted B.reviewed C.made D.explained
51.A.job B.friend C.fortune D.house
52.A.memories B.efforts C.research D.experience
53.A.mixed up B.fed up C.knocked down D.settled down
54.A.play B.relax C.dream D.cry
55.A.all at once B.in the end C.in either case D.as a result
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was a Friday morning,7:30 am.I felt too lazy 56. (drive) my car,so my son booked a taxi.In five minutes,the taxi reached the entrance gate,57. (wait) for my arrival.I just saw the taxi number and entered it.I was going to attend 58. important meeting,so I said,“Please,go quick!I’m in a hurry!” The voice 59. (come),“Yes,madam!” I was surprised when I heard a female voice!The driver was a young lady.For the first time,I saw a lady who drove a taxi!Out of 60.(curious),I asked,“If you don’t mind,can I ask you a question ”
“Yes,madam!No problem.”
“It seems that you are well qualified!Why did you choose this profession ”
“Yes,madam!” she said very 61. (polite),“I have completed my education.I have done my MBA course.But driving was my passion from my childhood.I love it and I wanted a job 62. I can get satisfaction.I know that I can’t get enough money but I love driving!That’s it!”
Within 63. (we) conversation,we already reached my destination.I was so 64.(delight) to talk with her.I said,“May you happy,my child!I am proud 65. your noble thoughts!Keep going!”
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,在英语课上,你的英语老师请你用英语向大家介绍你的家乡。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。要点如下:
1.你家乡的基本情况;
2.你家乡的特色;
3.欢迎大家去游玩。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was no sign that the earthquake was coming.
A 7.8 magnitude(震级) quake almost flattened the city,killing over thousands of lives in less than a few minutes.
In the midst of destruction and chaos,a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son Daniel was supposed to be,only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
After the upsetting shock,he remembered the promise he had made to Daniel:“No matter what,I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes.He looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school.Everything looked hopeless,but he kept remembering his promise to his son.
He began to concentrate on where he walked his son to class at school each morning.Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building,he rushed there and started digging through the stones and bricks.
As he was digging,other anxious parents arrived,heartbroken,shouting desperately:“Mary!” “Sam!”
Some other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school,saying:“It’s too late!” “They’re dead!” “You can’t help!” “Go home!” “Come on!There’s nothing you can do here!” “You’re just going to make things worse!”
To each parent he responded with one sentence:“Are you going to help me now ”
And then he continued to dig for his son,stone by stone.
Some firefighters showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins,saying,“Fires are breaking out,and explosions are happening everywhere.You’re in danger.We’ll take care of it.Just go home!” This loving,determined father asked,“Are you going to help me now ”
The fire chief replied,“You’re angry and worried.I get it.But you are not helping by staying here.Just go home.We will help you find your son!” He replied,“But I promised my son I’ll always be there for him.”
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Courageously,he went alone because he needed to know for himself:“Is my boy alive or is he dead ”
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“I’m fine.There are 13 other kids down here,Dad,” Daniel replied. __________
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参考答案
附:听力原文
(Text 1)
M:Can I help you Are you looking for something
W:Yes.I’m looking for a pair of trousers for myself,a dress for my daughter and a bag for my husband.
(Text 2)
M:I’m thinking of taking up a new sporting hobby.I think I might try mountain climbing.
W:Good idea,but remember to wear comfortable clothes and shoes such as a jacket and sports shoes.Don’t wear jeans.
(Text 3)
M:I checked the banking app on my mobile phone,but I still haven’t received the money you sent.
W:I forgot my online banking details,so I will give them a call to check where it went.
(Text 4)
W:I love staying home,cooking and watching movies.Don’t you love December
M:Honestly,I prefer the warmer months.
W:But Christmas is coming soon!I’m going to help you enjoy the cold weather.
(Text 5)
W:Oh,no!Something is wrong with my television.The picture is pretty bad,and sometimes the screen goes black.Do you know what’s wrong with it
M:Well,I’m not a TV expert...But I’d say there is something to do with the bad storm going on outside.
(Text 6)
M:Well,when is dad getting back from his business trip
W:The day after tomorrow.Why
M:I need help with my math homework,but it’s due tomorrow.
W:I can help you with it.I was top of my math class in school.
M:I didn’t know that.Why did you decide to become a writer
W:I wasn’t so interested in numbers as I was in words.
M:So you became an author.
W:Exactly,and now I change the world with my stories.
(Text 7)
W:Guess what My mother’s decided to go back to school.
M:Why
W:Well,she always loved art,but learned business administration at college,because her parents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job.
M:So she wants to study art now
W:Yeah,oil paining.It’s been her dream for a long time.
M:It’s nice to return to learn what she loves.But,Kate,I still think old age should be about peace and relaxation.Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sound a bit too much for her.
W:You know,she retired last year and I’m leaving for the university soon.She needs to find something interesting to do.
M:Well,maybe,if it’s what she wants.
(Text 8)
M:Mary,tell you a piece of good news.Uncle George is coming to visit us.
W:When’s he coming
M:He is coming by car on March 24th and staying until March 26th.
W:Let me look at the calendar.Good!March 24th is Saturday.Is he coming alone
M:No,he’s coming with Aunt Cynthia and the girls.
W:Dad,I don’t remember the girls.How old are they
M:Your cousin Fay is fifteen.Rosemary is older than Fay.She’s seventeen.
W:Dad,can we have a party when they arrive
M:If you like,but now we have to think about meals and many other things.
W:OK.Let’s prepare the list,Dad.
(Text 9)
M:Hello.Can I speak to Mr Stone,please
W:Hello.But I am afraid Mr Stone is in a meeting until lunchtime.Can I take a message
M:Well,yes.I’d like to make an appointment to see him.It’s Harrison White here.
W:Just a second,Mr White.I’ll look into the diary.So when is it convenient for you
M:Sometime today,if possible.I hear he’ll be away tomorrow.
W:Yes,that’s right.He’ll be away on a business trip for a week.
M:I need to talk about my new program with him before he leaves.It’s urgent.So would this afternoon be OK
W:Let me see.OK.Mr Stone is free this afternoon after three o’clock.
M:Well,three o’clock is a bit difficult,but I could make it after three thirty.
W:So,shall we say a quarter to four this afternoon in Mr Stone’s office
M:That’s great.Thanks.
(Text 10)
Homeowners,are you tired of wondering who to call when you have a problem with one of your kitchen equipment Most of us have experienced the problem of arranging a repair when something breaks down.Who is the right person to call for a particular repair At Kitchen Care,we offer a high-quality repair and maintenance(保养) service for all kinds of kitchen equipment.That means cookers,fridges,dish washers,food mixers...you name it.For the next two weeks,we are offering a 20 percent reduction in our monthly fees.You just pay one fixed monthly fee and all your equipment will be covered.Then,if you have a problem with some equipment,just give us a call and we’ll put it right in three days.So,hurry up and call us to take advantage of this great offer.Go to our website,or call us at 0823-936-33.
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.C 18.C
19.B 20.A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国需要遵守的一些社交礼仪。
21.B 细节理解题。根据Greeting部分的“When you meet people for the first time,it is normal to shake hands.A firm handshake is the standard”可知,在英国第一次见面应该紧紧地握手。B项符合以上说法,故选B项。
22.A 细节理解题。根据Gifts部分的“The gift doesn’t need to be expensive,but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipient’s interests.”可知,生日或者圣诞节的礼物不需要太昂贵,但是应该和礼物接受者的兴趣相关。故选A项。
23.D 细节理解题。根据Visiting部分的“Usually,people are not comfortable if you just drop in.”可知,突然造访会让主人不适,这是不礼貌的。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己的老师Marjorie Hurd,其中重点讲述了Hurd老师对他的人生道路产生的重要影响。
24.D 细节理解题。根据上文“Shortly after I arrived,I was told to select a hobby to pursue during ‘club hours’.”再结合下文“...but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.”使用了转折连词but,可以推测出画线的句子表示的意思应与之相反,即虽然“我”对于爱好和俱乐部毫无概念。故选D项。
25.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland,making me proud of my origins.”可知,Hurd老师让“我”了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富,使得“我”对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的不同的认识,为它感到自豪。故选B项。
26.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even after her retirement,she continually made a project of unwilling students...caught fire.”可知,Hurd老师退休之后,继续从事了一项工作:用她独特而严厉的爱帮助不愿意学习的学生发现他们潜在的闪光点。故选A项。
27.C 主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是文章第一句“The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.”可知,本文主要讲述了我的老师Marjorie Hurd对我的人生道路产生的重要影响。C项中的“shaped the author’s life”与“set the course of my life”意思相近。故选C项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新西兰的奥克兰市在文化多元化方面已经超越了伦敦和悉尼。
28.D 细节理解题。由第二段的“Auckland is considered to have a wider variety of cultural groups than London or Sydney”可知,如今的奥克兰人口结构变得更加多元化。因此D项正确。
29.C 细节理解题。由第五段的“today 23 percent identify themselves as Asian”可知,奥克兰的亚洲人口比例已接近四分之一。因此C项正确。
30.D 细节理解题。由倒数第四段的“the healthcare system is attracting Asian workers”可知,Spoonley认为新西兰的医疗体制吸引了亚洲移民。因此D项正确。
31.A 推理判断题。由倒数第三段的“The article also showed that Kiwis had overall become more accepting of migrant communities and particularly of Asian peoples.”可知,大多数新西兰人认为亚洲移民属于新西兰社会的一部分。因此A项正确。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“日本人口老年化越来越严重”这一现象,以及政府为应对劳动力短缺问题正在采取的措施。
32.C 推理判断题。由第三段内容可知,“119名护理人员中有一半以上超过60岁,其中15人超过70岁;基金会已经将法定退休年龄提高到70岁,但允许员工继续工作到80岁,只要他们愿意”,由此可推断:看护者的老龄化将日益成为一种普遍趋势。
33.D 词义猜测题。由画线词后“some can’t do the heavier tasks—they also offer advantages over younger workers who want time off for their children”可知,有些人无法承担更重的任务,可知画线词是advantages的反义词,意为“限制,缺点”,故选D项。
34.A 推理判断题。由第六段中的“...a Japanese 65-year-old is in much better physical and mental shape...that way.”这些信息可以推断出:老年人到养老院工作的主要原因是满足他们的生理和心理需求。
35.B 细节理解题。根据全文内容可知,作者从提高法定退休年龄、研制机器人和引进国外申请者到日本养老院工作这三个方面来增加劳动力。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。焦虑和抑郁都是很复杂的情况,就如何预防或缓解焦虑和抑郁,文章提出了三个有效的方法。
36.F 根据上文所提出的问题,结合下文提出几种预防焦虑和抑郁的方法可知,此处内容应对这个问题进行回答,并引出下文内容,而F项“以下行为是预防焦虑和抑郁的关键”符合文意,承上启下,故选F项。
37.C 由空格处后一句可知,人对自己要求过高,追求完美,就会进行自我批评,这很容易导致焦虑和抑郁,而C项“不断地自我批评会导致焦虑和抑郁”和后一句衔接自然,后一句中的“This”指代C项中“不断地自我批评”,故选C项。
38.B 上一句提到我们要与社会联系,再结合空格后一句可知不需要与过多的人进行联系,因而B项“但这并不一定是一个大的派对或一办公室的人”符合文意,故选B项。
39.G 由上一句可知,此处建议与一些较为亲近,或让你有归属感的人联系起来,而G项“研究表明,思考积极的人际关系可以帮助你承受压力”说明了这个做法的理由,即思考积极的人际关系帮助承受压力,故选G项。
40.E 由上一句可知,运动有助于预防抑郁症,再结合下一句可知,运动可以减少抑郁症状,因而E项“一项研究发现,每天15分钟的锻炼可以显著预防抑郁症”符合文意,其中E项中“One study”对应下一句中“Another study”,都在说明运动对预防和缓解抑郁症的作用,故选E项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己小时候由于跑得快撞到树上,没有哭泣而是继续前进的故事,告诉我们遇到困难不要害怕,要继续前进,通过不懈努力目标最终会实现。
41.C 此处指的是下文提到的“hit a large maple tree”的故事。因此C项正确。
42.A 此处指下文讲述的作者撞树的事件。因此选A项。
43.D 此处的意思是,妈妈先把“我”抱下车,转回身和司机说话。turn“转身;回头”,因此选D项。
44.C 此处指作者被妈妈从车上抱下来,可以短暂自由活动了。因此C项正确。
45.D 根据语境可知,作者由于跑得快撞了树,妈妈预料作者会哭。
46.B 根据下文“kept right on going”可推断,此处指作者跌倒后自己爬起来,pick up“使(自己)慢慢站起(或爬起)”。因此B项符合语境。
47.B 下句“It reminds her that children don’t enter life to take risks or unwilling to again when they fall down.”是这件事的教育意义,这件事是妈妈教育孩子的好例子。因此B项符合语境。
48.A 根据上文可推断,此处指孩子刚开始时不怕冒险。
49.D 根据上文内容可推断,此处指孩子跌倒后不会因怕再次摔倒而不敢再次尝试。因此选D项。
50.C 这里是意思是,当“我”做出重大的人生决定时,“我”仍然是那个在草坪上飞快跑着的小女孩。“做决定”是make decisions。
51.A 根据下句中的“I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.”可知是找工作。
52.B 指作者通过自己的努力找到了不错的工作。因此B项符合语境。
53.C 这里的意思是,在实现目标的过程中,“我”们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。此处指人生努力中肯定会遇到困难,会被困难打倒。因此C项符合语境。
54.D 这句话的意思是,当这种情况发生时,不要坐在草地上哭泣。与上文“Mom me to start crying”呼应,指摔倒后哭泣。
55.B 这一切最终都是值得的。此处指摔倒后不怕困难,继续前进,通过不懈努力目标最终会实现。故B项正确。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与出租车司机的谈话过程和收获:决定职业的不是教育,也不是金钱,而是人们的兴趣。
56.to drive 考查动词不定式。由句意可知,空格处表示“我太懒了以至于不想开车”,句中使用“too...to do sth”结构,故填to drive。
57.waiting 考查现在分词。由句子结构可知,本句已有谓语reached且无连词,因而空格处应使用非谓语形式,逻辑主语the taxi与动词wait是主谓关系,应使用现在分词作状语,故填waiting。
58.an 考查冠词。由句意可知,空格处泛指“一个重要的会议”,且important发音以元音音素开头,应使用不定冠词an,故填an。
59.came 考查动词时态。由上下句可知,此处描述过去的事情,谓语动词应使用一般过去时态,故填came。
60.curiosity 考查名词。由句意和空格前的“Out of”可知,空格处缺少宾语,应使用名词形式,故填curiosity。out of curiosity意为“出于好奇”。
61.politely 考查副词。由句意和句子成分可知,空格处应使用副词作状语,修饰动词said,故填politely。
62.where 考查定语从句。空格处是定语从句,先行词是a job,在从句中作地点状语,应使用关系副词where,故填where。
63.our 考查代词。由句意可知,空格处表示“在我们的谈话中”,应使用形容词性物主代词our作定语,修饰名词conversation,故填our。
64.delighted 考查形容词。由句子成分可知,空格处应使用形容词作表语,故填delighted。
65.of 考查介词。由句意可知,空格处表示“我为你高尚的思想感到骄傲”,be proud of “为……感到骄傲”是固定搭配,故填of。
写作
第一节
Good morning,everyone.I’m really glad to be here to introduce my hometown.
My hometown is located in the eastern part of our province.It is a small city at the foot of a big mountain,where the weather is pleasant.There are three famous parks in our city,where the citizens go for a walk or do some sports in their spare time.My hometown is also famous for its delicious spicy food.Once you have a taste of it,you will never forget it.
Welcome to my hometown.I would be very happy to be your guide to show you around.
第二节
Courageously,he went alone because he needed to know for himself:“Is my boy alive or is he dead ” He dug for hours and hours.His hands were bloody and he could only see well in flashes.Right before he was about to pass out,he pulled back a large rounded rock and heard his son’s voice.He screamed his son’s name,“DANIEL!” A response came from below,“Dad It’s me,Dad!” This must be the most beautiful voice he’s ever heard in his whole life!“What’s going on in there How is it ” the father asked anxiously.
“I’m fine.There are 13 other kids down here,Dad,” Daniel replied.“We’re scared,hungry,and thirsty.When the building fell down,it made a triangle and saved us.” The father realized that this was a tricky situation.He couldn’t risk causing another falling down there.Fortunately,the firefighters were just nearby.The father shouted to the fire chief and signalled to them to come over.Then,the father helped the firefighters carefully remove the rocks and pulled out the kids one by one.When everyone was safe and sound,Daniel threw himself into his father’s arms:“You did it,Dad!No matter what,I know you’ll be there for me!”
