北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中练习英语试题B卷
一、第一部分 知识运用，第一节完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. But then came my 1． : Am I good enough It was a question that 2． me through my first month, even as I began to settle in, even as I got used to the early morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.
I knew I had to work to ground myself. My earliest strategy involved keeping quiet and trying to 3． my new classmates. Who were these kids anyway How did they learn in school All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. 4． wasn't I as well Hadn't I landed here because I was smart like them The truth is that I didn't know. This 5． was like a deadly cell(细胞) that threatened to divide and divide again, unless I could find some way to stop it.
Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be 6． , and so did my second. Over the course of my first two years, I began to build the same kind of 7． I'd had at my previous school. With each little achievement, my doubt 8． took leave.
I loved any subject that involved writing and labored through math. I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. I was beginning to understand that if I put in extra hours of studying, I could often 9． the gap. I wasn't a straight-A student, but I was always 10． and I made progress.
1．A． excitement B． satisfaction C． anger D． worry
2．A． freed B． dogged C． warmed D． guided
3．A． observe B． admire
C． support D． calm
4．A． Or B． So C． But D． For
5．A． guess B． doubt C． interest D． risk
6．A． excellent B． average C． different D． typical
7．A． responsibility B． friendship
C． confidence D． teamwork
8．A． suddenly B． frequently C． accidentally D． slowly
9．A． close B． notice C． control D． create
10．A． expecting B． trying C． wondering D． suffering
二、第一部分 知识运用，第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day of my first grade, I 11． (stand) by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced my biggest concern to my mother, "How will I make friends " She 12． (hand) me advice, "Be yourself." For the past 20 years, I 13． (live) by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously facing 14． (challenge), I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words "Be yourself."
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as World Wildlife Fund (WWF). We protect wildlife for many reasons. It is a source of inspiration. It boosts a sense of wonder. It is fundamental(重要的) to the balance of nature. In our work, WWF 15． (focus) on saving populations of the most important species in the wild. 16． (final), by protecting species, we save this beautiful and irreplaceable planet 17． is called home.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I joined the Peace Corps and 18． (become) a volunteer teacher in Namibia. This was my first time going abroad and living 19． local people. Simply getting used to the living conditions was a big challenge. Honestly, my first choice wasn't Africa, but I am thankful that I 20． (send) there. Before Namibia, I never thought I would adapt to such a situation. Step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You won't regret it.
三、第二部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读理解
EcoCentral
This website is all about looking after the earth. There are facts about different animals, as well as information about forests, deserts and oceans. You can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.
TeenPress
This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.
ChannelTwenty
On this site you can watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories. There are also videos on different subjects, articles about famous bands, games and competitions.
Inside-the-cover
Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are likely to get replies from them.
Tune-in
There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. You can save your favorite songs in your own list. If you're in a band, you can record your music and upload it. The website is large, but the menus are easy to use.
ScienceZone
There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world's most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet.
21．TeenPress is a website for teenagers who ____.
A．are interested in music B．enjoy writing
C．like watching the news D．care about the earth
22．On Inside-the-cover, you can ____.
A．share your articles B．take writing classes
C．learn about the latest books D．answer the writers' questions
23．If you like visiting online museums, which website is best for you
A． EcoCentral. B．Tune-in. C．ChannelTwenty. D．ScienceZone.
24．The author writes the passage to ____.
A．introduce websites to teenagers
B．teach teenagers to design websites
C．encourage teenagers to create websites
D．compare different websites for teenagers
阅读理解
It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn't know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend's words—"I can help organize the whole thing"—stuck with me. I felt obliged(有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team's website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled(报名) in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn't come in last. I followed it religiously and didn't let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city's hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale's, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis(诊断) of cancer. "I don't want you to feel guilty about anything." Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
25．Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning
A．She felt it hard to finish the race.
B．She had no time to join in the event.
C．She thought the research meaningless.
D．She was reminded of her mother's death.
26．What mainly helped the author recover from her mom's death
A．The company of her friends.
B．The inspiration from her mom.
C．The pleasure in going for a run.
D．The success in organizing an event.
27．Which of the words can best describe the author's mom
A．Considerate and polite. B．Brave and humorous.
C．Strong-willed and caring. D．Outgoing and patient.
28．What might be the best title for the passage
A．How I Got Healed in Running
B．The Loss of Sweet Memories
C．What Matters Most in Running
D．The Rewards of Great Friendship
阅读理解
We depend on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for important things like creating a sense of personal identity(身份). Yet evidence shows that our memory isn't as consistent(一致的) as we'd like to believe.
There are countless reasons why small mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think. And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we'll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it's vital(重要的) to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story's details depending on the listener's attitudes. It isn't only the message that changes, but sometimes it's also the memory itself. This is known as the "audience-tuning effect", showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(复述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影响的) to change. This is known as "retrieval-enhanced suggestibility". In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回) a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
29．According to the "audience-tuning effect", our memories can ____.
A．change our personal identity
B．correct mistakes on their own
C．determine our attitudes to others
D．be affected by how we deal with them
30．What can we infer from the study of "retrieval-enhanced suggestibility"
A．Practice can make imperfect.
B．Storytelling brings back memories.
C．Rehearsing contributes to better memories.
D．Memory abilities differ from person to person.
31．What does the underlined word "malleable" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Acceptable. B．Valuable. C．Changeable. D．Controllable.
阅读理解
Over millions of years, humans have responded(做出反应) to certain situations without thinking too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to trust your instinct(直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah(草原).
Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.
However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes(数据爆炸), the temptation(诱惑) to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.
When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area Is this a field in which emotion matters more than reasoning Above all, is it worth delaying the decision Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
32．What does the underlined word "unerring" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Exact. B．Creative. C．Controllable. D．Obvious.
33．What can we learn from the passage
A．Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B．Fast thinking can increase work efficiency.
C．Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D．Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
34．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how instinct works.
B．To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C．To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D．To show the development of different thinking patterns.
四、第二部分 阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It won't sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person's well-being. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.
35． "From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated(低估) how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers thought it to be," states a study.
36． Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel Why do we underestimate the influence we have on others
Many of us don't have a real sense of our value. It's been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. 37． This "voice" tends to shift our focus inward, assessing(评估) our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.
Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn't motivate positive behavior. 38． It encourages us to hold back, feeding us thoughts like, "Don't stick your neck out"; "No one wants to hear from you"; and "You're going to make a fool of yourself."
One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others. 39． We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we're able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.
A. However, the work doesn't stop there.
B. People may lower the value of their own kind comments(评价).
C. We all carry around a "critical inner voice" that tends to put us down.
D. Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden(负担).
E. This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.
F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.
G. Yet, people may not truly know the influence that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.
五、第三部分 书面表达，第一节阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词汇或短语。（共 12小题, 共 18 分）
40． I do a wide range of things online. I shop for various things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities. It's so to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
41． It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. I often use the time to review English words. As the popular saying goes, "Every minute !"
42． At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to the things I have learnt during the day.
43．Zhang Tian's first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. The Zhang Tian made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.
44．He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was by them to go and teach where he was needed the most.
45．Living in the village was also more than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.
46．Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court. And clearly, all the extra hours that he'd spent practicing alone . The other team just couldn't keep up with his energy and speed.(此空填短语)
47．Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. Even a thirty-minute run will provide from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
48．This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had resources. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.
49．Tu Youyou bravely to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success.
50． Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to reach her goals and the fact that her work the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives.
51． Active learners do not judge people based on first or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.
六、第三部分 书面表达，第二节书面表达（14分）
52．假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他最近学习压力很大，他为此感到苦恼。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 表示理解；2. 你的建议及理由。
注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D；2．B；3．A；4．C；5．B；6．A；7．C；8．D；9．A；10．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在最优秀的高中找到自信努力成功的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：但随之而来的是我的担忧:我足够好吗 根据上文I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. 我很幸运考进了城里最好的高中。以及句意"我足够好吗 "可知作者有点不自信，他对自己的未来高中生活有点担心； A： excitement兴奋；B： satisfaction满意；C： anger生气；D： worry担心 ；故答案为D。
2．句意：这个问题在我的第一个月里一直困扰着我，即使是在我开始适应新环境的时候，即使是在我习惯了早起、在教学楼之间穿梭上课的时候。根据上文 Am I good enough 我足够好吗 以及句意"即使是在我开始适应新环境的时候，即使是在我习惯了早起、在教学楼之间穿梭上课的时候"可知 这个问题一直困扰着作者；A： freed自由；B： dogged困扰，纠缠；C： warmed温暖；D： guided 引导；故答案为B。
3．句意：我最初的策略是保持安静，尽量观察我的新同学。根据句意"我最初的策略是保持安静"，以及下文 Who were these kids anyway How did they learn in school 这些孩子到底是谁 他们在学校是怎么学习的 可知作者在新学校里仔细观察着这一切； A： observe观察；B： admire钦佩；C： support支持；D： calm 冷静 ；故答案为A。
4．句意：但我不是也一样吗 根据上文All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. 我只知道他们显然是城里最聪明的孩子。可知这是作者观察的结论：他们聪明，但是作者也聪明； A： Or或者；B： So因此；C： But但是；D： For为了；故答案为C。
5．句意：这种怀疑就像一个致命的细胞，威胁着要分裂、分裂，除非我能找到某种方法来阻止它。根据上文The truth is that I didn't know. 事实是我不知道。 可知作者对自己的聪明产生了怀疑； A： guess猜测；B： doubt怀疑；C： interest有兴趣；D： risk冒险；故答案为B。
6．句意：幸运的是，我的第一轮成绩很好，第二轮也是如此。根据句意"幸运的是，" 可知作者两轮的成绩都很优秀； A： excellent优秀；B： average一般；C： different不同；D： typical典型；故答案为A。
7．句意：在最初的两年里，我开始建立起和在上一所学校时一样的自信。根据上文The truth is that I didn't know. 事实是我不知道。 可知作者开始不自信， 而是在两年里慢慢建立自信；A：responsibility责任；B：friendship友谊；C：confidence自信；D：teamwork团队；故答案为C。
8．句意：随着每一个小小的成就，我的怀疑慢慢地消失了。根据上文句意"在最初的两年里，我开始建立起和在上一所学校时一样的自信" 可知作者的自信建立起来了，他的自我怀疑也就慢慢消失了； A： suddenly突然地；B： frequently经常地；C： accidentally偶然地；D： slowly慢慢地；故答案为D。
9．句意：我开始明白，如果我投入额外的时间学习，我常常可以缩小差距。根据上文 I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. 我有一些同学总是比我领先一两步，他们的成就似乎毫不费力，但我尽量不让这影响到我。 可知作者看到自己与别人的差距，但作者现在很自信的努力去缩小他们之间的差距； A： close缩小（差距）；B： notice注意；C： control控制；D： create创造；故答案为A。
10．句意：我不是一个优等生，但我一直在努力，我取得了进步。根据句意"我取得了进步" 可知作者的进步是他一直努力的结果； A： expecting期待；B： trying努力；C： wondering疑惑；D： suffering痛苦；故答案为B。
【答案】11．stood/was standing；12．handed；13．have lived/have been living；14．challenges
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一段记叙文。讲述了母亲的建议"做你自己"伴随着作者成长的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
11．句意：在我一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，下文谓语voiced是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要动词stand 过去时stood ，同时根据句意"在我一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下"空白处也可以用动词stand 的过去进行时was standing 表示作者当时的状态；故答案为stood/was standing。
12．句意：她给我的建议是:"做你自己。"根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，上下文时态一致，上文谓语voiced是一般过去时态， 可知 空白处需要动词hand 的一般过去时handed；故答案为handed。
13．句意：在过去的20年里，我一直以这句话为生。根据时间状语 For the past 20 years（ 佛如+the last/past+一段时间），空白处需要现在完成时；再根据句意"我一直以这句话为生" 可知空白处需要动词live 的现在完成时或者现在完成进行时have lived/have been living ；故答案为have lived/have been living。
14．句意：面对挑战，我知道我会对自己低声说"做你自己"这两个简单的字。根据句子结构空白处需要现在分词 facing的宾语，再根据上文Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.很快我就要毕业了，成为现实世界的一部分。可知作者深入社会面临的挑战将是各种各样的，空白处需要名词challenge 的复数形式 challenges ；故答案为challenges。
【答案】15．focuses；16．Finally；17．that/which
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了世界自然基金会的功能。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
15．句意：在我们的工作中，世界自然基金会专注于拯救最重要的野生物种。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 句子谓语 is 和 boosts都是一般现在时态；可知空白处需要动词focus 的一般现在时态focuses ；故答案为focuses。
16．句意：最后，通过保护物种，我们拯救了这个美丽而不可替代的星球，我们称之为家园。根据修饰句子要用副词（副词与句子之间可以有逗号，也可以没有逗号），可知空白处需要形容词final 的副词形式Finally ；故答案为Finally。
17．句意：最后，通过保护物种，我们拯救了这个美丽而不可替代的星球，我们称之为家园。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为planet， 可知空白处需要关系代词 that/which ；故答案为that/which。
【答案】18．became；19．with；20．was sent
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一段议论文。作者通过自己被派去非洲当志愿教师的经历告诉大家一定要跳出自己的舒适区。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
18．句意：大学毕业后，我想改变世界，所以我加入了和平队，在纳米比亚当了一名志愿教师。根据and前后时态一致，前面 joined是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要动词become 的一般过去时 became ；故答案为became。
19．句意：这是我第一次出国，和当地人住在一起。根据句意"这是我第一次出国" 可知作者要与当地人住在一起，再根据固定搭配：live with sb 与某人住在一起，可知空白处需要介词with ；故答案为with。
20．句意：老实说，我的第一选择不是非洲，但我很感激我被派到那里。根据句意"老实说，我的第一选择不是非洲" 可知作者表示自己主动去的非洲，而是被派去的，空白处需要动词send 的过去被动语态 was sent （这是作者讲的自己的经历要用过去时态）；故答案为was sent。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
24．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】展示一篇说明文。向向青少年介绍几个网站。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．推理判断题。根据 This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with
others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.这是为热爱写作的青少年提供的最好的网站之一。你可以和别人分享你的工作，还有留言板，你可以在那里谈论对你来说重要的事情。可知这个网站是针对那些喜欢写作的青少年的；故答案为B。
22．细节理解题。根据 Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and
information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are
likely to get replies from them.在这个网站上很容易找到你最喜欢的作家。有很多有趣的文章和最新书籍的信息。你可以阅读知名作家的博客，并向他们提问。你很可能会得到他们的回复。可知你可以从这个网站上看到最新的 ；故答案为C。
23．细节理解题。根据There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world's most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet. 这个网站上有很多关于数学、化学和生物的信息。你可以参观一些世界上最著名的博物馆，或者通过网络摄像头观看野生动物。还有一些非常酷的游戏，比如《拯救地球》。可知在ScienceZone网站上你可以参观博物馆；故答案为 D。
24．目的意图题。根据每段首句This website is all about looking after the earth.这个网站是关于保护地球的。This is one of the best
sites on the web for teenagers who love writing.这是为热爱写作的青少年提供的最好的网站之一。On this site you can watch a
daily news program and search for information about big news stories. 在这个网站上，你可以观看每日新闻节目，并搜索有关重大新闻故事的信息。Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site.在这个网站上很容易找到你最喜欢的作家。There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. 这个网站上有数百万首歌曲供你下载或在线收听。There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. 这个网站上有很多关于数学、化学和生物的信息。以及选项A：introduce websites to teenagers向青少年介绍网站；B：teach teenagers to design websites教青少年设计网站；C：encourage teenagers to create websites鼓励青少年创建网站；D：compare different websites for teenagers比较不同的青少年网站；可知这篇网站主要向青少年介绍网站 ；故答案为A。
【答案】25．D
26．B
27．C
28．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；人生百味类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者如何在跑步中治愈她对母亲去世的悲痛的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
25．推理判断题。根据So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.因此，当我收到一位朋友发来的关于一场有利于癌症研究的比赛的电子邮件时，我忽略了它。这似乎太贴近我的心了，因为癌症正是把我母亲从我身边夺走的疾病。可知她忽略邮件是因为她想起了母亲的死 ；故答案为D。
26．细节理解题。根据I checked our team's website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.我每天都查看我们团队的网站，每次有捐款增加，我都感到自豪。我知道我妈妈也希望这样。她是那种永远不会被打败的人。正是这种精神帮助我度过了难关。可知从母亲去世的悲痛中恢复的动力来自她妈妈；故答案为B。
27．推理判断题。根据She was the type who never got defeated.她是那种永远不会被打败的人。以及 I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often.大学毕业后我一直住在那里，我母亲经常来看我。 "I don't want you to feel guilty about anything." "我不想让你为任何事感到内疚。"可知作者母亲是一位意志坚强，有爱心的人；故答案为C。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：分总，最后一段为中心段落Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 冲过终点线时，我心中充满了她的爱和一种平和的感觉。 可知本文重点讲作者是如何在跑步中治愈的 ；故答案为 A。
【答案】29．D
30．A
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；医疗保健类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过一些科学研究发现证明了我们的记忆是可改变的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和词义猜测题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题时需要根据文章的上下文和选项来判断出正确答案。
29．细节理解题。根据 Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it's vital(重要的) to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story's details depending on the listener's attitudes. It isn't only the message that changes, but sometimes it's also the memory itself. This is known as the "audience-tuning effect", showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.以讲故事为例。当我们向别人描述我们的记忆时，我们可能会问自己，把事实讲清楚是至关重要的，还是我们只是想让听者发笑。我们可能会根据听者的态度改变故事的细节。改变的不仅仅是信息，有时记忆本身也会改变。这就是所谓的"观众调谐效应"，它向我们展示了我们的记忆是如何随着时间自动变化的，作为我们如何、何时以及为什么访问它们的产物。可知我们的记忆可能被我们对待他们的方式所影响 ；故答案为 D。
30．推理判断题。根据Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.在阅读错误信息前不久进行记忆练习测试的参与者更有可能在最后的记忆测试中重复这些错误信息。 可知 练习记忆也可能产生错误；故答案为 A。
31．词义猜测题。根据下文In other words, retrieving(找回) a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and
leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime. 换句话说，找回一段记忆可能有点像把冰淇淋从冰箱里拿出来，放在阳光直射下一段时间。当我们的记忆回到冰箱时，它可能会自然地变得有点畸形，特别是如果有人在此期间故意影响它。 可知作者用这个比喻表明我们的记忆可以被改变，malleable的意思是：可改变的；故答案为 C。
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；社会文化类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了在工作场所直觉判断很重要。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和目的意图题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
32．词义猜测题。根据上文Instinct can also be improved. 本能也是可以提高的。以及下文In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer
handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be. 在一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一组名牌手袋的真伪。一些人被要求凭直觉行事，另一些人则被要求经过深思熟虑。对于那些拥有至少三个名牌手袋的人来说，本能反应效果更好;事实上，它的表现优于分析。你越专业，你的直觉就越准。可知本能可以通过训练变得更准确， unerring的意思为：准确；故答案为A。
33．推理判断题。根据 Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the
simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes(数据爆炸), the temptation(诱惑) to ask for one more bit of
analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.快速思考也可以帮助整个组织。许多管理决策的价值就在于它们已经做出了快速决定这样一个简单的事实。然而，随着数据爆炸，要求再进行一点分析的诱惑变得越来越难以抗拒。经理们经常会过度思考，把一个简单的问题变成一个复杂的问题。可知快速思考可以提高工作效率；故答案为B。
34．推理判断题。 根据文章第一段The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原) (什么时候应该相信你的直 觉 及什么时候应该缓慢思考的问题在办公室和在大草原 上一样重要。)可知，在工作场所，直觉也是很重要 的。结合最后一段第一句When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. (什么时候在工作场所使用直觉取决于其 自身的识别模式。)可知要具体分析在工作场所使用 直觉的情况。联系全文内容可知，本文主要强调了直 觉在工作场所的应用价值。故选C。
【答案】35．G；36．E；37．C；38．F；39．A
【知识点】七选五；医疗保健类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了如何通过善待帮助别人来过上幸福生活。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
35．根据下文 "From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated(低估) how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers thought it to be," states a study.一项研究表明:"从在公园里送出一杯热巧克力到在实验室里送出一份礼物，那些做了善举的人总是低估了接受者的积极感受，认为他们的行为没有接受者想象的那么有价值。"可知空白处需要主题句：人们不清楚小小的善举可能带来很大的影响； 选项G. Yet, people may not truly know the influence that even the smallest of kind acts can have
on another person.然而，人们可能并不真正了解即使是最小的善意行为也能对另一个人产生的影响。符合题意；故答案为G。
36．根据上文句意"那些做了善举的人总是低估了接受者的积极感受，认为他们的行为没有接受者想象的那么有价值。"，以及下文 Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do
feel Why do we underestimate the influence we have on others 然而，为什么我们认为某人从善意的行为中感受到的与他们真正感受到的会有这种差异呢 为什么我们低估了自己对他人的影响 可知空白处需要主题句：这种误解的来源在于…… 选项 E. This
misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.这种误解表明，与他人相比，人们低估了自己的行为。符合题意；故答案为E。
37．根据下文 This "voice" tends to shift our focus inward, assessing(评估) our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.这种"声音"倾向于将我们的注意力转移到内部，评估我们的一举一动，并对我们的关系产生不良影响。可知空白处需要提到那种来源于我们心里的不好的声音； 选项C. We all carry around a "critical inner voice" that tends to put us down.我们都有一种"批评的内心声音"，这种声音往往会让我们失望。符合题意；故答案为C。
38．根据上文Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn't motivate positive behavior. 与良心不同，这种内心的批评不会激发积极的行为。以及下文 It encourages us to hold back, feeding us thoughts like, "Don't stick your neck out"; "No one wants to hear from you"; and "You're going to make a fool of yourself."它鼓励我们保持克制，给我们灌输这样的想法:"不要冒险";"没人想听你说话";"你会出洋相的。 可知空白处需要过渡句解释这种内心的批评不会激发积极的行为：相反它会让我们与自己对立； 选项F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.相反，它使我们与自己对立，使我们低估了我们对他人的有益影响。符合题意；故答案为F。
39．根据上文One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others.对抗我们内心挑剔声音的一个好方法就是善待他人。以及下文 We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. 我们也必须试着通过我们所影响的人的眼睛来看待我们自己。可知空白处需要过渡句"我们不仅帮助善待他人，我们还要进一步正视自己对别人的影响； 选项A. However, the work doesn't stop there.然而，工作并没有就此停止。符合题意；故答案为A。
40．【答案】convenient
【知识点】固定句式；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我在网上做各种各样的事情。我在网上买各种各样的东西，比如书籍、电脑硬件和其他必需品。在我购买之前，可以比较不同网上商店的质量和价格，这是非常方便的。根据句子结构空白处需要形容词构成固定句式：It is +形容词+to do sth. 再根据句意"我在网上做各种各样的事情。我在网上买各种各样的东西，比如书籍、电脑硬件和其他必需品。"和"在我购买之前，可以比较不同网上商店的质量和价格"可知在网上去比较价格和质量是很方便的，所以空白处需要的形容词的汉语意思为"方便的便利的" ；故答案为convenient。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。注意固定句式：It is +形容词+to do sth.形容词"方便的便利的"convenient。
41．【答案】counts
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：我乘公共汽车回家通常要花20分钟。我经常利用这段时间复习英语单词。常言道:"分秒必争!"根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据句意"我乘公共汽车回家通常要花20分钟。我经常利用这段时间复习英语单词。"可知作者很珍惜时间，每分每秒对作者来说都重要，因此空白处需要的动词意思为"重要，要紧" ；另外主从句时态一致，主句谓语goes 是一般现在时态，空白处也需要一般现在时 ；故答案为counts。
【点评】考查动词的一般现在时态。注意主从句时态一致；动词count 意思为"重要，要紧"。
42．【答案】revise/review
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在学校，我有空闲时间就做作业。放学后，我试着利用任何可能的时间来复习我在白天学过的东西。根据固定搭配：use sth to do sth用……来做某事， 可知空白处需要动词原形；再根据句意"放学后，我试着利用任何可能的时间来……我在白天学过的东西。" 可知空白处缺少汉语意思"复习，巩固" ；故答案为revise/review。
【点评】考查不定式用法。注意固定搭配：use sth to do sth用……来做某事；动词revise/review的汉语意思"复习，巩固"。
43．【答案】contribution
【知识点】固定短语；普通名词
【解析】【分析】句意：张田的第一年快结束了。这是艰难的一年，但他很喜欢和孩子们一起工作。张田对村子的贡献很大，所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作他们中的一员。根据句子结构空白处需要主语，由于谓语是was可知主语为单数名词；再根据句意"张田的第一年快结束了。这是艰难的一年，但他很喜欢和孩子们一起工作。"以及下文"所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作他们中的一员。" 可知他在这个村子里苦干了一年并为村民们带来了好处，他们才那么喜欢他，空白处后面的定语从句运用了固定搭配: make contribution to sth/sb 对某事/某人有贡献；空白处需要名词contribution 作定语从句的先行词；故答案为contribution。
【点评】考查名词的用法。注意固定搭配: make contribution to sth/sb对某事/某人有贡献。
44．【答案】inspired/encouraged
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：在他上学的早期，他遇到了来自小村庄的优秀老师，他们激励他去最需要他的地方教书。根据句意"在他上学的早期，他遇到了来自小村庄的优秀老师"以及"去最需要他的地方教书"，可知他是被老师们"鼓舞，激励"去干某事，再根据句子结构空白处需要过去分词，可知空白处需要固定搭配： inspire/ encourage sb to do sth（激励/鼓励某人做某事）的被动形式be inspired /encouraged to do sth；故答案为inspired/encouraged。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意固定搭配： inspire/encourage sb to do sth（激励/鼓励某人做某事）；inspire/encourage 的过去分词为inspired/encouraged。
45．【答案】challenging
【知识点】形容词比较级；以-ing结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：住在村子里也比他想象的更有挑战性。电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，他还必须学习如何做饭。根据空白处之前的more为形 容词比较级的标志，可知该句句子结构为：be more+多音节形容词+than，可知空白处需要多音节形容词，再根据句意"电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，他还必须学习如何做饭。" 可知住在村子里的这些日常事情对他来说想象的艰难，challenge 的形容词形式有 challenging和challenged。前者意为"有挑战性的、 挑衅的"，后者意为"受到挑战的、残障的"。空白处需要形容词的意思为"具有挑战性的，困难而有趣的"；故答案为challenging。
【点评】考查形容词。注意句子结构：be more+多音节形容词+than；形容词challenging 的意思为"具有挑战性的，困难而有趣的"。
46．【答案】paid off
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：保罗跳起来，冲到球场上。很明显，他独自练习的所有额外时间都得到了回报。对方球队就是跟不上他的精力和速度。根据句子结构空白处缺少主句主语all the extra hours的谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，上文谓语 jumped up是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要一般过去时态的动词短语； 再根据句意"对方球队就是跟不上他的精力和速度。"可知他平时的训练达到了他预想的结果，空白处动词短语的汉语意思为"取得成功，得到回报"pay off，一般过去时为paid off；故答案为paid off。
【点评】考查动词短语和一般过去时态。注意动词短语pay off的汉语意思为"取得成功，得到回报"。
47．【答案】relief
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】 【分析】句意：此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。即使是30分钟的跑步会带给你缓解你因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。根据分析句子结构，可知空白处需要填名词作动词provide的宾语，名词。再根据句意"此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。"以及"即使是30分钟的跑步会带给你……你因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。"可知跑步让你振作不再有因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张 ，空白处需要名词意思为"宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解"relief（在这里是抽象名词，不可数）；故答案为relief。
【点评】考查不可数名词用法。注意名词relief 意思为"宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解"。
48．【答案】limited
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；以-ed结尾的形容词；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这不是一件容易的事。很困难的原因是团队的资源有限。他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。根据句子结构，空白处需要修饰名词resources的形容词，再根据句意"这不是一件容易的事。"以及"他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。" 可知他们的他们条件差，人力资源是匮乏，不足的。可知空白处的意思为"匮乏，不足的，有限的" 这样的形容词有 limited，lacking，但是lacking不能作定语修饰名词；故答案为limited。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。注意：limited，lacking的意思为 "匮乏，不足的，有限的"；lacking不能作定语修饰名词。
49．【答案】volunteered
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地自愿成为第一个人体受试者，她的团队其他成员也跟着做了起来。测试很成功。根据分析句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时（与从句谓语were一致），再根据句意："当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地……成为第一个人体受试者，她的团队其他成员也跟着做了起来。" 可知屠呦呦作为团队领导人，她是自愿接受第一个人体试验的，空白处汉语意思为"自愿"volunteer，过去时为 volunteered ；故答案为volunteered。
【点评】考查动词的一般过去时态。注意：汉语意思"自愿" volunteer，过去时为volunteered。
50．【答案】bridged
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：屠呦呦因其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家的勇敢而闻名，她有能力运用古老的智慧和新的方法来实现她的目标，以及她的工作在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁，拯救了数百万人的生命。根据句子结构， the fact 的同位语从句that her work ______
the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. 缺少谓语动词，时态为一般过去时（与主句谓语was noted 一致）；再根据句意"她的工作……东西方世界，拯救了数百万人的生命。"可知空白处动词的意思为"连接，沟通"可以用bridge ，过去式为 bridged；故答案为bridged。
【点评】考查动词的一般过去时。注意：动词bridge 的意思为"连接，沟通"。
51．【答案】impressions
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断别人。相反，他们将信息与信使分开。根据 or 前后名词一致，可知空白处需要与复数名词feelings 一致的复数名词，再根据句意"主动学习者不会根据第一……或个人感受来判断别人。"可知空白处需要的名词意思为"印象" impression，复数名词为impressions；故答案为impressions。
【点评】考查可数名词。注意or 前后名词一致；名词"印象" impression，复数名词为impressions。
52．【答案】Dear Jim,
Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice.As a senior high school student, none of us is having an easy time, but we still can do something to successfully get through the next three years.The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself.Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends.As for study,it is essential to find out what needs to be done.Then make a schedule and set time for each subject.That will ensure you enough time to review.
Anyway,don't push yourself too hardI hope you will make progress in your study.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文建议信。要求考生李华 的身份给英国笔友Jim写一封邮件回复他提到的"他最近学习压力很大，他为此感到苦恼"。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一二人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，给你一些建议；
第二段：理解你的处境，我的建议以及理由；
第三段：祝福与期望。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice.（运用了宾语从句），The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself.（运用了限制性定语从句），Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends.（运用了让步状语从句和祈使句）同时能够运用一些高级词汇和固定短语get through，take good care of，spare some time to do，have fun，make progress in，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
1 / 1北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中练习英语试题B卷
一、第一部分 知识运用，第一节完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. But then came my 1． : Am I good enough It was a question that 2． me through my first month, even as I began to settle in, even as I got used to the early morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.
I knew I had to work to ground myself. My earliest strategy involved keeping quiet and trying to 3． my new classmates. Who were these kids anyway How did they learn in school All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. 4． wasn't I as well Hadn't I landed here because I was smart like them The truth is that I didn't know. This 5． was like a deadly cell(细胞) that threatened to divide and divide again, unless I could find some way to stop it.
Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be 6． , and so did my second. Over the course of my first two years, I began to build the same kind of 7． I'd had at my previous school. With each little achievement, my doubt 8． took leave.
I loved any subject that involved writing and labored through math. I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. I was beginning to understand that if I put in extra hours of studying, I could often 9． the gap. I wasn't a straight-A student, but I was always 10． and I made progress.
1．A． excitement B． satisfaction C． anger D． worry
2．A． freed B． dogged C． warmed D． guided
3．A． observe B． admire
C． support D． calm
4．A． Or B． So C． But D． For
5．A． guess B． doubt C． interest D． risk
6．A． excellent B． average C． different D． typical
7．A． responsibility B． friendship
C． confidence D． teamwork
8．A． suddenly B． frequently C． accidentally D． slowly
9．A． close B． notice C． control D． create
10．A． expecting B． trying C． wondering D． suffering
【答案】1．D；2．B；3．A；4．C；5．B；6．A；7．C；8．D；9．A；10．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在最优秀的高中找到自信努力成功的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：但随之而来的是我的担忧:我足够好吗 根据上文I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. 我很幸运考进了城里最好的高中。以及句意"我足够好吗 "可知作者有点不自信，他对自己的未来高中生活有点担心； A： excitement兴奋；B： satisfaction满意；C： anger生气；D： worry担心 ；故答案为D。
2．句意：这个问题在我的第一个月里一直困扰着我，即使是在我开始适应新环境的时候，即使是在我习惯了早起、在教学楼之间穿梭上课的时候。根据上文 Am I good enough 我足够好吗 以及句意"即使是在我开始适应新环境的时候，即使是在我习惯了早起、在教学楼之间穿梭上课的时候"可知 这个问题一直困扰着作者；A： freed自由；B： dogged困扰，纠缠；C： warmed温暖；D： guided 引导；故答案为B。
3．句意：我最初的策略是保持安静，尽量观察我的新同学。根据句意"我最初的策略是保持安静"，以及下文 Who were these kids anyway How did they learn in school 这些孩子到底是谁 他们在学校是怎么学习的 可知作者在新学校里仔细观察着这一切； A： observe观察；B： admire钦佩；C： support支持；D： calm 冷静 ；故答案为A。
4．句意：但我不是也一样吗 根据上文All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously. 我只知道他们显然是城里最聪明的孩子。可知这是作者观察的结论：他们聪明，但是作者也聪明； A： Or或者；B： So因此；C： But但是；D： For为了；故答案为C。
5．句意：这种怀疑就像一个致命的细胞，威胁着要分裂、分裂，除非我能找到某种方法来阻止它。根据上文The truth is that I didn't know. 事实是我不知道。 可知作者对自己的聪明产生了怀疑； A： guess猜测；B： doubt怀疑；C： interest有兴趣；D： risk冒险；故答案为B。
6．句意：幸运的是，我的第一轮成绩很好，第二轮也是如此。根据句意"幸运的是，" 可知作者两轮的成绩都很优秀； A： excellent优秀；B： average一般；C： different不同；D： typical典型；故答案为A。
7．句意：在最初的两年里，我开始建立起和在上一所学校时一样的自信。根据上文The truth is that I didn't know. 事实是我不知道。 可知作者开始不自信， 而是在两年里慢慢建立自信；A：responsibility责任；B：friendship友谊；C：confidence自信；D：teamwork团队；故答案为C。
8．句意：随着每一个小小的成就，我的怀疑慢慢地消失了。根据上文句意"在最初的两年里，我开始建立起和在上一所学校时一样的自信" 可知作者的自信建立起来了，他的自我怀疑也就慢慢消失了； A： suddenly突然地；B： frequently经常地；C： accidentally偶然地；D： slowly慢慢地；故答案为D。
9．句意：我开始明白，如果我投入额外的时间学习，我常常可以缩小差距。根据上文 I had classmates who were always a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed effortless, but I tried not to let that get to me. 我有一些同学总是比我领先一两步，他们的成就似乎毫不费力，但我尽量不让这影响到我。 可知作者看到自己与别人的差距，但作者现在很自信的努力去缩小他们之间的差距； A： close缩小（差距）；B： notice注意；C： control控制；D： create创造；故答案为A。
10．句意：我不是一个优等生，但我一直在努力，我取得了进步。根据句意"我取得了进步" 可知作者的进步是他一直努力的结果； A： expecting期待；B： trying努力；C： wondering疑惑；D： suffering痛苦；故答案为B。
二、第一部分 知识运用，第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day of my first grade, I 11． (stand) by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced my biggest concern to my mother, "How will I make friends " She 12． (hand) me advice, "Be yourself." For the past 20 years, I 13． (live) by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously facing 14． (challenge), I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words "Be yourself."
【答案】11．stood/was standing；12．handed；13．have lived/have been living；14．challenges
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一段记叙文。讲述了母亲的建议"做你自己"伴随着作者成长的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
11．句意：在我一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，下文谓语voiced是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要动词stand 过去时stood ，同时根据句意"在我一年级的第一天，我站在门口，心里七上八下"空白处也可以用动词stand 的过去进行时was standing 表示作者当时的状态；故答案为stood/was standing。
12．句意：她给我的建议是:"做你自己。"根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，上下文时态一致，上文谓语voiced是一般过去时态， 可知 空白处需要动词hand 的一般过去时handed；故答案为handed。
13．句意：在过去的20年里，我一直以这句话为生。根据时间状语 For the past 20 years（ 佛如+the last/past+一段时间），空白处需要现在完成时；再根据句意"我一直以这句话为生" 可知空白处需要动词live 的现在完成时或者现在完成进行时have lived/have been living ；故答案为have lived/have been living。
14．句意：面对挑战，我知道我会对自己低声说"做你自己"这两个简单的字。根据句子结构空白处需要现在分词 facing的宾语，再根据上文Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.很快我就要毕业了，成为现实世界的一部分。可知作者深入社会面临的挑战将是各种各样的，空白处需要名词challenge 的复数形式 challenges ；故答案为challenges。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Saving nature is at the very heart of what we do as World Wildlife Fund (WWF). We protect wildlife for many reasons. It is a source of inspiration. It boosts a sense of wonder. It is fundamental(重要的) to the balance of nature. In our work, WWF 15． (focus) on saving populations of the most important species in the wild. 16． (final), by protecting species, we save this beautiful and irreplaceable planet 17． is called home.
【答案】15．focuses；16．Finally；17．that/which
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了世界自然基金会的功能。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
15．句意：在我们的工作中，世界自然基金会专注于拯救最重要的野生物种。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 句子谓语 is 和 boosts都是一般现在时态；可知空白处需要动词focus 的一般现在时态focuses ；故答案为focuses。
16．句意：最后，通过保护物种，我们拯救了这个美丽而不可替代的星球，我们称之为家园。根据修饰句子要用副词（副词与句子之间可以有逗号，也可以没有逗号），可知空白处需要形容词final 的副词形式Finally ；故答案为Finally。
17．句意：最后，通过保护物种，我们拯救了这个美丽而不可替代的星球，我们称之为家园。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为planet， 可知空白处需要关系代词 that/which ；故答案为that/which。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I joined the Peace Corps and 18． (become) a volunteer teacher in Namibia. This was my first time going abroad and living 19． local people. Simply getting used to the living conditions was a big challenge. Honestly, my first choice wasn't Africa, but I am thankful that I 20． (send) there. Before Namibia, I never thought I would adapt to such a situation. Step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You won't regret it.
【答案】18．became；19．with；20．was sent
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一段议论文。作者通过自己被派去非洲当志愿教师的经历告诉大家一定要跳出自己的舒适区。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
18．句意：大学毕业后，我想改变世界，所以我加入了和平队，在纳米比亚当了一名志愿教师。根据and前后时态一致，前面 joined是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要动词become 的一般过去时 became ；故答案为became。
19．句意：这是我第一次出国，和当地人住在一起。根据句意"这是我第一次出国" 可知作者要与当地人住在一起，再根据固定搭配：live with sb 与某人住在一起，可知空白处需要介词with ；故答案为with。
20．句意：老实说，我的第一选择不是非洲，但我很感激我被派到那里。根据句意"老实说，我的第一选择不是非洲" 可知作者表示自己主动去的非洲，而是被派去的，空白处需要动词send 的过去被动语态 was sent （这是作者讲的自己的经历要用过去时态）；故答案为was sent。
三、第二部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读理解
EcoCentral
This website is all about looking after the earth. There are facts about different animals, as well as information about forests, deserts and oceans. You can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.
TeenPress
This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.
ChannelTwenty
On this site you can watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories. There are also videos on different subjects, articles about famous bands, games and competitions.
Inside-the-cover
Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are likely to get replies from them.
Tune-in
There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. You can save your favorite songs in your own list. If you're in a band, you can record your music and upload it. The website is large, but the menus are easy to use.
ScienceZone
There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world's most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet.
21．TeenPress is a website for teenagers who ____.
A．are interested in music B．enjoy writing
C．like watching the news D．care about the earth
22．On Inside-the-cover, you can ____.
A．share your articles B．take writing classes
C．learn about the latest books D．answer the writers' questions
23．If you like visiting online museums, which website is best for you
A． EcoCentral. B．Tune-in. C．ChannelTwenty. D．ScienceZone.
24．The author writes the passage to ____.
A．introduce websites to teenagers
B．teach teenagers to design websites
C．encourage teenagers to create websites
D．compare different websites for teenagers
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
24．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】展示一篇说明文。向向青少年介绍几个网站。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．推理判断题。根据 This is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with
others, and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.这是为热爱写作的青少年提供的最好的网站之一。你可以和别人分享你的工作，还有留言板，你可以在那里谈论对你来说重要的事情。可知这个网站是针对那些喜欢写作的青少年的；故答案为B。
22．细节理解题。根据 Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles and
information about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And you are
likely to get replies from them.在这个网站上很容易找到你最喜欢的作家。有很多有趣的文章和最新书籍的信息。你可以阅读知名作家的博客，并向他们提问。你很可能会得到他们的回复。可知你可以从这个网站上看到最新的 ；故答案为C。
23．细节理解题。根据There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the world's most famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool games, such as Save the Planet. 这个网站上有很多关于数学、化学和生物的信息。你可以参观一些世界上最著名的博物馆，或者通过网络摄像头观看野生动物。还有一些非常酷的游戏，比如《拯救地球》。可知在ScienceZone网站上你可以参观博物馆；故答案为 D。
24．目的意图题。根据每段首句This website is all about looking after the earth.这个网站是关于保护地球的。This is one of the best
sites on the web for teenagers who love writing.这是为热爱写作的青少年提供的最好的网站之一。On this site you can watch a
daily news program and search for information about big news stories. 在这个网站上，你可以观看每日新闻节目，并搜索有关重大新闻故事的信息。Finding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site.在这个网站上很容易找到你最喜欢的作家。There are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. 这个网站上有数百万首歌曲供你下载或在线收听。There's lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. 这个网站上有很多关于数学、化学和生物的信息。以及选项A：introduce websites to teenagers向青少年介绍网站；B：teach teenagers to design websites教青少年设计网站；C：encourage teenagers to create websites鼓励青少年创建网站；D：compare different websites for teenagers比较不同的青少年网站；可知这篇网站主要向青少年介绍网站 ；故答案为A。
阅读理解
It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn't know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend's words—"I can help organize the whole thing"—stuck with me. I felt obliged(有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team's website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled(报名) in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn't come in last. I followed it religiously and didn't let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city's hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale's, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis(诊断) of cancer. "I don't want you to feel guilty about anything." Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
25．Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning
A．She felt it hard to finish the race.
B．She had no time to join in the event.
C．She thought the research meaningless.
D．She was reminded of her mother's death.
26．What mainly helped the author recover from her mom's death
A．The company of her friends.
B．The inspiration from her mom.
C．The pleasure in going for a run.
D．The success in organizing an event.
27．Which of the words can best describe the author's mom
A．Considerate and polite. B．Brave and humorous.
C．Strong-willed and caring. D．Outgoing and patient.
28．What might be the best title for the passage
A．How I Got Healed in Running
B．The Loss of Sweet Memories
C．What Matters Most in Running
D．The Rewards of Great Friendship
【答案】25．D
26．B
27．C
28．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；人生百味类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者如何在跑步中治愈她对母亲去世的悲痛的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
25．推理判断题。根据So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.因此，当我收到一位朋友发来的关于一场有利于癌症研究的比赛的电子邮件时，我忽略了它。这似乎太贴近我的心了，因为癌症正是把我母亲从我身边夺走的疾病。可知她忽略邮件是因为她想起了母亲的死 ；故答案为D。
26．细节理解题。根据I checked our team's website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.我每天都查看我们团队的网站，每次有捐款增加，我都感到自豪。我知道我妈妈也希望这样。她是那种永远不会被打败的人。正是这种精神帮助我度过了难关。可知从母亲去世的悲痛中恢复的动力来自她妈妈；故答案为B。
27．推理判断题。根据She was the type who never got defeated.她是那种永远不会被打败的人。以及 I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often.大学毕业后我一直住在那里，我母亲经常来看我。 "I don't want you to feel guilty about anything." "我不想让你为任何事感到内疚。"可知作者母亲是一位意志坚强，有爱心的人；故答案为C。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：分总，最后一段为中心段落Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 冲过终点线时，我心中充满了她的爱和一种平和的感觉。 可知本文重点讲作者是如何在跑步中治愈的 ；故答案为 A。
阅读理解
We depend on our memory not only for sharing stories with friends or learning from our past experiences, but we also use it for important things like creating a sense of personal identity(身份). Yet evidence shows that our memory isn't as consistent(一致的) as we'd like to believe.
There are countless reasons why small mistakes might happen each time we recall past events, ranging from what we believe is true or wish were true, to what someone else told us about the past event, or what we want that person to think. And whenever these mistakes happen, they can have long-term effects on how we'll recall that memory in the future.
Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it's vital(重要的) to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story's details depending on the listener's attitudes. It isn't only the message that changes, but sometimes it's also the memory itself. This is known as the "audience-tuning effect", showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.
In fact, sometimes simply the act of rehearsing(复述) a memory can be exactly what makes it susceptible(易受影响的) to change. This is known as "retrieval-enhanced suggestibility". In a typical study of this effect, participants watched a short film, then took a memory test a few days later. But during the days between watching the film and taking the final test, two other things happened. First, half of the participants took a practice memory test. Second, all of the participants were given a description of the film to read, which contained some false details. Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.
Why might this be One theory is that rehearsing our memories of past events can temporarily make those memories malleable. In other words, retrieving(找回) a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime.
These findings lead us to wonder how much our most treasured memories have changed since the very first time we remembered them. Remembering is an act of storytelling, after all. And our memories are only ever as reliable as the most recent story we told ourselves.
29．According to the "audience-tuning effect", our memories can ____.
A．change our personal identity
B．correct mistakes on their own
C．determine our attitudes to others
D．be affected by how we deal with them
30．What can we infer from the study of "retrieval-enhanced suggestibility"
A．Practice can make imperfect.
B．Storytelling brings back memories.
C．Rehearsing contributes to better memories.
D．Memory abilities differ from person to person.
31．What does the underlined word "malleable" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Acceptable. B．Valuable. C．Changeable. D．Controllable.
【答案】29．D
30．A
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；医疗保健类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过一些科学研究发现证明了我们的记忆是可改变的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和词义猜测题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题时需要根据文章的上下文和选项来判断出正确答案。
29．细节理解题。根据 Take storytelling for example. When we describe our memories to other people, we might ask ourselves whether it's vital(重要的) to get the facts straight, or whether we only want to make the listener laugh. And we might change the story's details depending on the listener's attitudes. It isn't only the message that changes, but sometimes it's also the memory itself. This is known as the "audience-tuning effect", showing us how our memories can change automatically over time, as a product of how, when, and why we access them.以讲故事为例。当我们向别人描述我们的记忆时，我们可能会问自己，把事实讲清楚是至关重要的，还是我们只是想让听者发笑。我们可能会根据听者的态度改变故事的细节。改变的不仅仅是信息，有时记忆本身也会改变。这就是所谓的"观众调谐效应"，它向我们展示了我们的记忆是如何随着时间自动变化的，作为我们如何、何时以及为什么访问它们的产物。可知我们的记忆可能被我们对待他们的方式所影响 ；故答案为 D。
30．推理判断题。根据Participants who took a practice memory test shortly before reading the false information were more likely to reproduce this false information in the final memory test.在阅读错误信息前不久进行记忆练习测试的参与者更有可能在最后的记忆测试中重复这些错误信息。 可知 练习记忆也可能产生错误；故答案为 A。
31．词义猜测题。根据下文In other words, retrieving(找回) a memory might be a bit like taking ice-cream out of the freezer and
leaving it in direct sunlight for a while. By the time our memory goes back into the freezer, it might have naturally become a little misshapen, especially if someone has influenced it purposely in the meantime. 换句话说，找回一段记忆可能有点像把冰淇淋从冰箱里拿出来，放在阳光直射下一段时间。当我们的记忆回到冰箱时，它可能会自然地变得有点畸形，特别是如果有人在此期间故意影响它。 可知作者用这个比喻表明我们的记忆可以被改变，malleable的意思是：可改变的；故答案为 C。
阅读理解
Over millions of years, humans have responded(做出反应) to certain situations without thinking too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to trust your instinct(直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah(草原).
Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.
However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes(数据爆炸), the temptation(诱惑) to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.
When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area Is this a field in which emotion matters more than reasoning Above all, is it worth delaying the decision Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
32．What does the underlined word "unerring" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Exact. B．Creative. C．Controllable. D．Obvious.
33．What can we learn from the passage
A．Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B．Fast thinking can increase work efficiency.
C．Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D．Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
34．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how instinct works.
B．To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C．To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D．To show the development of different thinking patterns.
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；社会文化类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了在工作场所直觉判断很重要。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和目的意图题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
32．词义猜测题。根据上文Instinct can also be improved. 本能也是可以提高的。以及下文In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct and others to deliberate(深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three designer
handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be. 在一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一组名牌手袋的真伪。一些人被要求凭直觉行事，另一些人则被要求经过深思熟虑。对于那些拥有至少三个名牌手袋的人来说，本能反应效果更好;事实上，它的表现优于分析。你越专业，你的直觉就越准。可知本能可以通过训练变得更准确， unerring的意思为：准确；故答案为A。
33．推理判断题。根据 Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the
simple fact that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes(数据爆炸), the temptation(诱惑) to ask for one more bit of
analysis has become much harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex one.快速思考也可以帮助整个组织。许多管理决策的价值就在于它们已经做出了快速决定这样一个简单的事实。然而，随着数据爆炸，要求再进行一点分析的诱惑变得越来越难以抗拒。经理们经常会过度思考，把一个简单的问题变成一个复杂的问题。可知快速思考可以提高工作效率；故答案为B。
34．推理判断题。 根据文章第一段The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原) (什么时候应该相信你的直 觉 及什么时候应该缓慢思考的问题在办公室和在大草原 上一样重要。)可知，在工作场所，直觉也是很重要 的。结合最后一段第一句When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. (什么时候在工作场所使用直觉取决于其 自身的识别模式。)可知要具体分析在工作场所使用 直觉的情况。联系全文内容可知，本文主要强调了直 觉在工作场所的应用价值。故选C。
四、第二部分 阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It won't sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person's well-being. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.
35． "From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated(低估) how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers thought it to be," states a study.
36． Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel Why do we underestimate the influence we have on others
Many of us don't have a real sense of our value. It's been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. 37． This "voice" tends to shift our focus inward, assessing(评估) our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.
Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn't motivate positive behavior. 38． It encourages us to hold back, feeding us thoughts like, "Don't stick your neck out"; "No one wants to hear from you"; and "You're going to make a fool of yourself."
One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others. 39． We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we're able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.
A. However, the work doesn't stop there.
B. People may lower the value of their own kind comments(评价).
C. We all carry around a "critical inner voice" that tends to put us down.
D. Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden(负担).
E. This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.
F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.
G. Yet, people may not truly know the influence that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.
【答案】35．G；36．E；37．C；38．F；39．A
【知识点】七选五；医疗保健类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了如何通过善待帮助别人来过上幸福生活。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
35．根据下文 "From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated(低估) how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers thought it to be," states a study.一项研究表明:"从在公园里送出一杯热巧克力到在实验室里送出一份礼物，那些做了善举的人总是低估了接受者的积极感受，认为他们的行为没有接受者想象的那么有价值。"可知空白处需要主题句：人们不清楚小小的善举可能带来很大的影响； 选项G. Yet, people may not truly know the influence that even the smallest of kind acts can have
on another person.然而，人们可能并不真正了解即使是最小的善意行为也能对另一个人产生的影响。符合题意；故答案为G。
36．根据上文句意"那些做了善举的人总是低估了接受者的积极感受，认为他们的行为没有接受者想象的那么有价值。"，以及下文 Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do
feel Why do we underestimate the influence we have on others 然而，为什么我们认为某人从善意的行为中感受到的与他们真正感受到的会有这种差异呢 为什么我们低估了自己对他人的影响 可知空白处需要主题句：这种误解的来源在于…… 选项 E. This
misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.这种误解表明，与他人相比，人们低估了自己的行为。符合题意；故答案为E。
37．根据下文 This "voice" tends to shift our focus inward, assessing(评估) our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.这种"声音"倾向于将我们的注意力转移到内部，评估我们的一举一动，并对我们的关系产生不良影响。可知空白处需要提到那种来源于我们心里的不好的声音； 选项C. We all carry around a "critical inner voice" that tends to put us down.我们都有一种"批评的内心声音"，这种声音往往会让我们失望。符合题意；故答案为C。
38．根据上文Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn't motivate positive behavior. 与良心不同，这种内心的批评不会激发积极的行为。以及下文 It encourages us to hold back, feeding us thoughts like, "Don't stick your neck out"; "No one wants to hear from you"; and "You're going to make a fool of yourself."它鼓励我们保持克制，给我们灌输这样的想法:"不要冒险";"没人想听你说话";"你会出洋相的。 可知空白处需要过渡句解释这种内心的批评不会激发积极的行为：相反它会让我们与自己对立； 选项F. Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.相反，它使我们与自己对立，使我们低估了我们对他人的有益影响。符合题意；故答案为F。
39．根据上文One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others.对抗我们内心挑剔声音的一个好方法就是善待他人。以及下文 We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. 我们也必须试着通过我们所影响的人的眼睛来看待我们自己。可知空白处需要过渡句"我们不仅帮助善待他人，我们还要进一步正视自己对别人的影响； 选项A. However, the work doesn't stop there.然而，工作并没有就此停止。符合题意；故答案为A。
五、第三部分 书面表达，第一节阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词汇或短语。（共 12小题, 共 18 分）
40． I do a wide range of things online. I shop for various things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities. It's so to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
【答案】convenient
【知识点】固定句式；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我在网上做各种各样的事情。我在网上买各种各样的东西，比如书籍、电脑硬件和其他必需品。在我购买之前，可以比较不同网上商店的质量和价格，这是非常方便的。根据句子结构空白处需要形容词构成固定句式：It is +形容词+to do sth. 再根据句意"我在网上做各种各样的事情。我在网上买各种各样的东西，比如书籍、电脑硬件和其他必需品。"和"在我购买之前，可以比较不同网上商店的质量和价格"可知在网上去比较价格和质量是很方便的，所以空白处需要的形容词的汉语意思为"方便的便利的" ；故答案为convenient。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。注意固定句式：It is +形容词+to do sth.形容词"方便的便利的"convenient。
41． It usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. I often use the time to review English words. As the popular saying goes, "Every minute !"
【答案】counts
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：我乘公共汽车回家通常要花20分钟。我经常利用这段时间复习英语单词。常言道:"分秒必争!"根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据句意"我乘公共汽车回家通常要花20分钟。我经常利用这段时间复习英语单词。"可知作者很珍惜时间，每分每秒对作者来说都重要，因此空白处需要的动词意思为"重要，要紧" ；另外主从句时态一致，主句谓语goes 是一般现在时态，空白处也需要一般现在时 ；故答案为counts。
【点评】考查动词的一般现在时态。注意主从句时态一致；动词count 意思为"重要，要紧"。
42． At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to the things I have learnt during the day.
【答案】revise/review
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在学校，我有空闲时间就做作业。放学后，我试着利用任何可能的时间来复习我在白天学过的东西。根据固定搭配：use sth to do sth用……来做某事， 可知空白处需要动词原形；再根据句意"放学后，我试着利用任何可能的时间来……我在白天学过的东西。" 可知空白处缺少汉语意思"复习，巩固" ；故答案为revise/review。
【点评】考查不定式用法。注意固定搭配：use sth to do sth用……来做某事；动词revise/review的汉语意思"复习，巩固"。
43．Zhang Tian's first year is almost over. It has been a tough year, but he has enjoyed working with the children. The Zhang Tian made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.
【答案】contribution
【知识点】固定短语；普通名词
【解析】【分析】句意：张田的第一年快结束了。这是艰难的一年，但他很喜欢和孩子们一起工作。张田对村子的贡献很大，所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作他们中的一员。根据句子结构空白处需要主语，由于谓语是was可知主语为单数名词；再根据句意"张田的第一年快结束了。这是艰难的一年，但他很喜欢和孩子们一起工作。"以及下文"所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作他们中的一员。" 可知他在这个村子里苦干了一年并为村民们带来了好处，他们才那么喜欢他，空白处后面的定语从句运用了固定搭配: make contribution to sth/sb 对某事/某人有贡献；空白处需要名词contribution 作定语从句的先行词；故答案为contribution。
【点评】考查名词的用法。注意固定搭配: make contribution to sth/sb对某事/某人有贡献。
44．He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was by them to go and teach where he was needed the most.
【答案】inspired/encouraged
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：在他上学的早期，他遇到了来自小村庄的优秀老师，他们激励他去最需要他的地方教书。根据句意"在他上学的早期，他遇到了来自小村庄的优秀老师"以及"去最需要他的地方教书"，可知他是被老师们"鼓舞，激励"去干某事，再根据句子结构空白处需要过去分词，可知空白处需要固定搭配： inspire/ encourage sb to do sth（激励/鼓励某人做某事）的被动形式be inspired /encouraged to do sth；故答案为inspired/encouraged。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意固定搭配： inspire/encourage sb to do sth（激励/鼓励某人做某事）；inspire/encourage 的过去分词为inspired/encouraged。
45．Living in the village was also more than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook.
【答案】challenging
【知识点】形容词比较级；以-ing结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：住在村子里也比他想象的更有挑战性。电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，他还必须学习如何做饭。根据空白处之前的more为形 容词比较级的标志，可知该句句子结构为：be more+多音节形容词+than，可知空白处需要多音节形容词，再根据句意"电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，他还必须学习如何做饭。" 可知住在村子里的这些日常事情对他来说想象的艰难，challenge 的形容词形式有 challenging和challenged。前者意为"有挑战性的、 挑衅的"，后者意为"受到挑战的、残障的"。空白处需要形容词的意思为"具有挑战性的，困难而有趣的"；故答案为challenging。
【点评】考查形容词。注意句子结构：be more+多音节形容词+than；形容词challenging 的意思为"具有挑战性的，困难而有趣的"。
46．Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court. And clearly, all the extra hours that he'd spent practicing alone . The other team just couldn't keep up with his energy and speed.(此空填短语)
【答案】paid off
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：保罗跳起来，冲到球场上。很明显，他独自练习的所有额外时间都得到了回报。对方球队就是跟不上他的精力和速度。根据句子结构空白处缺少主句主语all the extra hours的谓语，再根据上下文时态一致，上文谓语 jumped up是一般过去时态， 可知空白处需要一般过去时态的动词短语； 再根据句意"对方球队就是跟不上他的精力和速度。"可知他平时的训练达到了他预想的结果，空白处动词短语的汉语意思为"取得成功，得到回报"pay off，一般过去时为paid off；故答案为paid off。
【点评】考查动词短语和一般过去时态。注意动词短语pay off的汉语意思为"取得成功，得到回报"。
47．Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. Even a thirty-minute run will provide from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.
【答案】relief
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】 【分析】句意：此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。即使是30分钟的跑步会带给你缓解你因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。根据分析句子结构，可知空白处需要填名词作动词provide的宾语，名词。再根据句意"此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。"以及"即使是30分钟的跑步会带给你……你因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。"可知跑步让你振作不再有因压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张 ，空白处需要名词意思为"宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解"relief（在这里是抽象名词，不可数）；故答案为relief。
【点评】考查不可数名词用法。注意名词relief 意思为"宽慰，轻松；减轻，缓解"。
48．This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had resources. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.
【答案】limited
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；以-ed结尾的形容词；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这不是一件容易的事。很困难的原因是团队的资源有限。他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。根据句子结构，空白处需要修饰名词resources的形容词，再根据句意"这不是一件容易的事。"以及"他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。" 可知他们的他们条件差，人力资源是匮乏，不足的。可知空白处的意思为"匮乏，不足的，有限的" 这样的形容词有 limited，lacking，但是lacking不能作定语修饰名词；故答案为limited。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。注意：limited，lacking的意思为 "匮乏，不足的，有限的"；lacking不能作定语修饰名词。
49．Tu Youyou bravely to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success.
【答案】volunteered
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地自愿成为第一个人体受试者，她的团队其他成员也跟着做了起来。测试很成功。根据分析句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时（与从句谓语were一致），再根据句意："当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地……成为第一个人体受试者，她的团队其他成员也跟着做了起来。" 可知屠呦呦作为团队领导人，她是自愿接受第一个人体试验的，空白处汉语意思为"自愿"volunteer，过去时为 volunteered ；故答案为volunteered。
【点评】考查动词的一般过去时态。注意：汉语意思"自愿" volunteer，过去时为volunteered。
50． Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to reach her goals and the fact that her work the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives.
【答案】bridged
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：屠呦呦因其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家的勇敢而闻名，她有能力运用古老的智慧和新的方法来实现她的目标，以及她的工作在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁，拯救了数百万人的生命。根据句子结构， the fact 的同位语从句that her work ______
the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. 缺少谓语动词，时态为一般过去时（与主句谓语was noted 一致）；再根据句意"她的工作……东西方世界，拯救了数百万人的生命。"可知空白处动词的意思为"连接，沟通"可以用bridge ，过去式为 bridged；故答案为bridged。
【点评】考查动词的一般过去时。注意：动词bridge 的意思为"连接，沟通"。
51． Active learners do not judge people based on first or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.
【答案】impressions
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断别人。相反，他们将信息与信使分开。根据 or 前后名词一致，可知空白处需要与复数名词feelings 一致的复数名词，再根据句意"主动学习者不会根据第一……或个人感受来判断别人。"可知空白处需要的名词意思为"印象" impression，复数名词为impressions；故答案为impressions。
【点评】考查可数名词。注意or 前后名词一致；名词"印象" impression，复数名词为impressions。
六、第三部分 书面表达，第二节书面表达（14分）
52．假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他最近学习压力很大，他为此感到苦恼。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 表示理解；2. 你的建议及理由。
注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice.As a senior high school student, none of us is having an easy time, but we still can do something to successfully get through the next three years.The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself.Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends.As for study,it is essential to find out what needs to be done.Then make a schedule and set time for each subject.That will ensure you enough time to review.
Anyway,don't push yourself too hardI hope you will make progress in your study.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文建议信。要求考生李华 的身份给英国笔友Jim写一封邮件回复他提到的"他最近学习压力很大，他为此感到苦恼"。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一二人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，给你一些建议；
第二段：理解你的处境，我的建议以及理由；
第三段：祝福与期望。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满Knowing that you have stress in your study, I am writing to give you some advice.（运用了宾语从句），The most important thing you should do is to take good care of yourself.（运用了限制性定语从句），Whenever you feel tired or depressed, spare some time to have fun with your families and friends.（运用了让步状语从句和祈使句）同时能够运用一些高级词汇和固定短语get through，take good care of，spare some time to do，have fun，make progress in，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
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