广东省深圳市教育集团2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
Volunteering is a great way for teenagers to make a difference and meet new people. There are many different types of volunteer opportunities for teens available. Here are a few volunteer opportunities that you could encourage your teen to take up.
Help a local food bank
Food banks always welcome donations and new volunteers. They provide perfect volunteering opportunities for those who are interested in helping the homeless. Your teen would be involved in anything, from preparing meals to working behind the scenes to repackage donated food items, serving food, and carrying boxes.
Help at a soup kitchen
A soup kitchen is one of the places where the hungry can get free or affordable meals (usually soup and bread). Most soup kitchens run primarily on donations and the generosity of people. As a soup kitchen volunteer, your child may be made to clean the tables and utensils(餐具), help distribute food, cook food, and more.
Volunteer for Meals on Wheels
By volunteering for Meals on Wheels, your teen will deliver nutritious meals to the elderly or the disabled. It's perfect for teens who have just received their driving license and love any reason to get behind the wheel! They can make a massive impact in a short amount of time. Alternatively, your teen can also volunteer in their kitchen and prepare meals for delivery. With a simple gesture, your teen can bring millions of smiles to people's lives.
Work with Habitat for Humanity
Habitat for Humanity's mission is to build or improve a place that someone could call home. Besides helping the community, your teen will learn valuable skills such as repairing, fundraising, painting, and building. You can sign them up for long-term projects or a one-time program.
1．What do a food bank and a soup kitchen have in common
A．They owe their work partly to kindhearted people.
B．Volunteers need to price the food.
C．They provide food for volunteers.
D．The locations are approachable.
2．Who would be the most suitable for Meals on Wheels
A．Lucy, who likes cooking.
B．Linda, who likes drawing.
C．Jack, who can drive a car.
D．Peter, who can make people smile.
3．Which would you choose if you want to learn some skills
A．A local food bank. B．A local soup kitchen.
C．Meals on Wheels. D．Habitat for Humanity.
阅读理解
Leek Town Warriors was a girls' football team which used to get routinely defeated every time they turned out, until James Henry stepped in two years ago. He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team' s fortunes. With the help of his assistant Andy Austin, they started training hard in April 2020.
Some players had never kicked a football before joining the team, so training them took hours of hard work and patience. After a good few weeks, they got down to training and really started to take it in what the coach wanted. "I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on. " James said.
James' first season was ruined by the pandemic, which forced him and Andy to get creative with training. They organized team-building activities with the girls to help them bond on and off the field. James then spent the sessions they could hold focusing on the basics of football like passing and shooting, bringing the girls up to a good standard.
James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games. The team's star player, 15-year-old Chelsea, has also impressed the audience individually, becoming the top scorer in the league with incredible 30 goals.
James said, "All the effort that the girls, we coaches and parents have put in to get this point has been enormous. If I hadn't had the support of Andy helping me every week, this would have been an impossible task. So I'm incredibly grateful to have him on side. All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it's not all about having the best players; it's about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. "
4．Why did James Henry take over the soccer team
A．Because he wanted to try his fortune.
B．Because the former coach had left the position.
C．Because the former coach recommended him.
D．Because he hoped to fulfill his champion dream.
5．What did James do to change the situation
A．Pick experienced players. B．Develop players' patience.
C．Lay stress on basic skills. D．Make decisions for the girls.
6．What did the team achieve after James was in charge
A．They won the league championship.
B．They stood out in James' first season.
C．They scored 30 goals in the season.
D．They bade goodbye to the past and won regularly.
7．What can we learn from the story
A．Talent is the key.
B．Joint efforts matter.
C．Every dog has his day.
D．Time and tide wait for no man.
阅读理解
A happy beagle (小猎犬) called Bella loves Amazon boxes. It tears into them while ignoring other delivery boxes. Little Bit, a tortoiseshell cat, is similarly consumed — but by socks. It raids (偷袭) the laundry basket in the middle of the night and also paws through the open suitcases of house guests, who almost always find themselves missing a sock in the morning. Pets do some pretty weird things. But these strange behaviors often make perfect sense to the pets, said scientists who study animal behaviors. "These behaviors are not invented on the spot," said Carlo Siracusa, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. The pets are doing behaviors that their wild ancestors did, but they've changed them a bit to fit their new lives as pets.
Dogs can be trained to roll over and play dead. But their ancient instincts from their wolf ancestors are still there. Instincts, or instinctive behaviors, are behaviors that are done without thinking. They don't have to be learned. For example, some dogs will scratch the ground after pooping(排便). But they're not trying to bury their poop. They want other animals to notice it. "They are depositing smell in those areas," Siracusa said. "It's almost like drawing a picture with a big red marker around it," he added.
Cats, on the other hand, almost always bury their waste. "They are covering their tracks," says Monique Udell, an expert on human-animal interactions who works at Oregon State University. Cats are predators, meaning they hunt other animals for food. But other animals hunt them, too. So they don't want to be seen or smelled. Mikel Delgado, the founder of a California-based cat behavior consulting service, said that many other cat behaviors, arise from cats' wild origins.
While dogs share many behaviors inherited (继承) from wolves, they've also developed a few of their own. "Puppy dog eyes", the innocent look that many humans are helpless to resist, is one. Over the time period that they've lived with people, dogs have developed certain muscles around their eyes. This helps them make the adorable expressions that win over humans. Like wolves, dogs also like to lick faces. Humans think their pets are kissing them, but they are not. "It's how wolf puppies get food from their parents' mouths," Siracusa said. "It also can be a sign of submission. When a lower-ranking individual approaches a higher-ranking one, it gets down real low and licks the dominant one to say: ‘I'm not a threat to you. '"
8．What has been done to introduce the topic in Paragraph 1
A．Telling a story. B．Presenting examples.
C．Presenting research results. D．Criticizing pets' bad behaviors.
9．Which can best replace the word "depositing" in Paragraph 2
A．leaving B．hiding C．removing D．detecting
10．Which statement summarizes the third paragraph
A．Cats are interested in burying their waste.
B．Humans like the fact that their pet cats bury their waste.
C．Pet cats bury their waste because their wild ancestors did so.
D．Cats have changed a lot after becoming pets.
11．How do wolves show submission to dominant wolves
A．Wolves run energetically around dominant wolves.
B．Wolves show dominant wolves "puppy dog eyes".
C．Wolves beg food from dominant wolves.
D．Wolves lick dominant wolves' faces.
阅读理解
A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender(性别) gap in science, technology, engineering, and math（STEM）education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists.
Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it. Reut said the idea to help foster(培养) young girls' interest in science came to her during a lecture in a class she was taking on Psychology of Imagination.
Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls' persistence in a "sink or float" science game. The game itself was simple yet challenging: a computer screen projected a slide with an object in the center above a pool of water. Kids then had to predict whether the object would sink or float.
She studied 240 four-to-seven-year-olds, because this is around the time kids first develop their sense of identity and capabilities. They were divided into two groups. Children in the"story" group learned about the successes and struggles of a gender-matched scientist before playing the game. Boys heard about Isaac Newton and girls were told about Marie Curie. Children in the "pretend" group were told to assume the identity of the scientist they just learned about.
All kids played at least one round of the game. No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys --nearly 70% of the time. Boys, however, didn't really benefit from the stories or make-believe. Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did.
Reut's teacher Tamar Kushnir said, "Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. In other words, taking a few steps in the role model's shoes, instead of merely observing her walk. "
12．Why did Reut design a "sink or float" science game
A．To handle the gender gap in STEM.
B．To attach importance to STEM.
C．To draw kids' attention to STEM.
D．To compare boys' and girls' persistence.
13．What can we infer from the sink-or-float game
A．Kids enjoyed listening to scientists' stories.
B．Boys avoided playing make-believe games.
C．Girls performed as well as boys in science.
D．Children followed Dr. Marie to explore science.
14．What is Tamar Kushnir's attitude towards kids' assuming identity as scientists
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
15．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Girls should get recognition like boys
B．A fine example has boundless power for kids
C．Girls can work on more science games
D．Make-believe exercises benefit girls in STEM
二、第一部分 阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Find it hard to get started Try these suggestions to help you rise and shine and be effective(有效率的) from morning till night.
● Get up earlier
Sleeping in(睡懒觉) can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. 16． .
● Have a good stretch(伸展) in bed
Before you even open your eyes, stretch every extremity (四肢) for 15 seconds. Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. 17． . End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed. By doing this, you will enhance the flow of blood through your system, providing your tissues with extra oxygen.
● 18．
The fewer choices you have to make, the better. Before going to bed, decide what you're going to wear, work out which route you'll take to work and what you'll pack in your bag.
● Consult (查阅) your morning calendar
Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you're doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea. 19． .
● Get moving
20． . But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day.
A. Plan ahead
B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs
C. It will help you to structure (精心组织) your day
D. Spend less time choosing things when packing
E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed(神清气爽的) quickly
F. If you're a night owl, an early morning jog might sound like punishment
G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time
三、第二部分完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn't 21． for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our 22． actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed 23． as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular 24． to use. Never did I imagine that my students had 25． against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with 26． as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to 27． them, though we actually didn't know what the 28． would be.
I couldn't 29． the tornado any more. However, I'm very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a 30． and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them 31． instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly 32． . I'm extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their 33． in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life's 34． to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented 35． , I'm sure we can handle them one by one.
21．A． paid B． searched C． accounted D． prepared
22．A． agency B． education C． emergency D． selection
23．A． suddenly B． finally C． secretly D． immediately
24．A． games B． trainings C． languages D． savings
25．A． mixed up B． stood out C． lined up D． spoken out
26．A． panic B． anger C． shame D． puzzle
27．A． encounter B． comfort C． satisfy D． praise
28．A． problem B． result C． success D． reason
29．A． hate B． expect C． see D． approach
30．A． simple B． ideal C． scary D． strange
31．A． follow B． provide C． repeat D． change
32．A． fortunate B． honest C． confident D． brave
33．A． trust B． pride C． interest D． growth
34．A． reward B． power C． wisdom D． goal
35．A． chances B． challenges C． adventures D． discussions
四、第三部分基础知识选择题（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
36． Most players of the basketball team, ____ had tried their best to play the game, were sleeping soundly.
A．which B．who C．where D．that
37． All the apples ____ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.
A．which B．they C．that D．as
38． ____ is widely accepted, in the Middle, East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
A．As B．It C．Which D．What
39． Sales director is a position ____ communication ability is just as important as sales.
A．where B．which C．whose D．when
40．（2020高三上·河西期末）Between the two halves of the football game is a 15-minute break, __________ the audience can have a rest.
A．when B．where C．which D．that
41． Look at the ink wash painting ____ our boss spent a great fortune. Isn't it breath-taking
A．that B．which C．for what D．on which
42． America has more than fifty states, ____ , Kentucky, is the place ____ Abraham Lincoln was born.
A．one of them; where B．one of them; that
C．one of which; that D．one of which; where
43． I showed an old friend of mine around the city, ____ surprise, the changes had been so great.
A．whose B．which C．to which D．to whose
44． ____ to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time
A．When do you suppose women were allowed
B．When do you suppose women allowed
C．When do you suppose were women allowed
D．Do you suppose when women were allowed
45． Green tourism ____ no harm to our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy ourselves.
A．do B．does C．did D．doing
46． As a matter of fact, it was her hardworking spirit ____ motivated me to work together with her.
A．that B．how C．which D．what
47． With China's traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, forty-three items ____ the intangible cultural heritage list in the past few decades.
A．entered B．have entered C．enter D．are entering
48． In the zoo if a child ____ into the water and can't swim, the dolphins may come up ____ him.
A．will fall; to help B．falls; to help
C．will fall; help D．falls; helping
49． When I ____ your age, I ____ horses every day.
A．was; am used to ride B．was; used to ride
C．were; use to ride D．am; used to riding
50． Helen ____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____ home.
A．had left; came B．has left; comes
C．left; had come D．had left; would come
51． Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing ____ and transportation.
A．salary B．credit C．confidence D．company
52． Miss Zhao, a famous professor ____ in Chinese history, will be invited to give a lecture concerning the history of the Silk Road.
A．senior B．fluent C．expert D．powerful
53． During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, ____ the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A．respect B．observe C．admire D．recognize
54． When I turned the handle and found the door was open, a terrible thought ____ me that someone had broken into my house.
A．struck B．swept C．tapped D．affected
55． Each player has to play to their ____ and understand what they can do to help the team to win.
A．strengths B．path C．style D．responsibility
五、第四部分语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What is senior high school life like The path before you 56． (lead) to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. However, the opportunity lies in each challenge. 57． you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 58． (acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal 59． (grow). Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. In this sense, 60． (realize) your potential means that 61． is important and necessary for you to make the most of our school resources. Take advantage 62． your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school 63． (facility). Good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are 64． (equal) important. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. Last but not least, always look on the bright side 65． never lose hope, even in difficult situations. In time you will find yourself developing into a well-rounded individual.
六、第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
66． When it was my turn to d (发表) a speech, I was so nervous and embarrassed.
67． Having a p (乐观的) attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
68． The most attractive e (比赛项目) in the sports meet was the gymnastics competition.
69． The exhausted dancers were a (惊奇的) to see a full and noisily excited house when the curtain rose.
70． Two groups of students were sent to a (安排) the books in the library.
71． The u (独特的) feature of China's history is the inheritance of a long unbroken civilization and culture.
72． A new school and a new group of classmates offer more chances to e (探索) some new interests.
73． O (组织) by the Students' Union, the next activity in the series will be scheduled in May.
74． Out of c (好奇), she opened the envelope to find nothing but a piece of white paper.
75． It is highly r (建议) that we keep a balanced diet to take in as much nutritious and diverse food as possible.
七、第六部分 完成句子，根据各括号内的中文提示，用恰当的短语或结构的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一个单词。（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
76． I can't my work (集中精力于)with all that noise going on.
77． People who (沉迷于) the web often become inactive in real life.
78． Shall I you (把. . . 比作) a summer's day You're lovelier and milder.
79． The course, which (由. . . 构成) 12 two-hour sessions, will start next Monday.
80． The biggest benefit of being a captain is that it teaches me to be responsible and (树立榜样) lower grade students.
81． (即使) you were busy with your research work, you still spared some time to help me revise my application.
82． Are you (期待) attending such a camp in your summer vacation
83． Anyone who takes interest in the programme can (报名) at the school website.
84．A simple gesture of kindness can (对…… 有影响) another person's whole life.
85． The laughter had not yet quite died from his face, but his eyes widened (震惊).
八、第七部分 应用文写作（满分20分）
86．假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
Dear Wang Peng,
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四项适合青少年参加的志愿者项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 Help a local food bank 部分中的"Food banks always welcome donations and new volunteers. They provide perfect volunteering opportunities for those who are interested in helping the homeless. "食品银行总是欢迎捐款和新的志愿者。他们为那些有兴趣帮助无家可归者的人提供了完美的志愿服务机会；以及 Help at a soup kitchen 部分中的"A soup kitchen is one of the places where the hungry can get free or affordable meals (usually soup and bread). Most soup kitchens run primarily on donations and the generosity of people. "施粥处是饥饿的人可以得到免费或负担得起的食物(通常是汤和面包)的地方之一。大多数施粥所主要靠捐款和人们的慷慨来运转。可知，这两项活动的食物都是来自捐赠，即它们有相似的食物来源。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Volunteer for Meals on Wheels 部分中的"By volunteering for Meals on Wheels, your teen will deliver nutritious meals to the elderly or the disabled. It's perfect for teens who have just received their driving license and love any reason to get behind the wheel! "通过"送餐上门"的志愿活动，你的孩子将为老人或残疾人提供有营养的饭菜。这对刚刚收到他们的驾驶执照和喜欢任何理由坐在方向盘后面的青少年是完美的!可知，Meak on Wheels这一项目主要是给老人和残疾人送餐，所以会开车是一个很大的优势。因此会开车的Jack最适合Meals on Wheels。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Work with Habitat for Humanity 部分中的"Habitat for Humanity's mission is to build or improve a place that someone could call home. Besides helping the community, your teen will learn valuable skills such as repairing, fundraising, painting, and building. "Habitat for Humanity的使命是建造或改善一个人们可以称之为家的地方。除了帮助社区，你的孩子还会学到有价值的技能，比如修理、筹款、绘画和建筑。可知，在Habitat for Humanity这项活动中，青少年可以学到多种技能。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了利克镇勇士女子足球队在詹姆斯·亨利教练的带领下，夯实基础技能，共同努力，成为了连胜八场的明星足球队的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team's fortunes."前任教练辞职后，他接受了这份工作，改变了球队的命运。可知，詹姆斯·亨利是在当时球队遭遇长期失败，一片惨淡的情况下，接受了教练的职位。可推知，詹姆斯·亨利接管足球队是想扭转球队的局面，让其变得更好。故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on."我坚持要基本的事情做好，让女孩们自己决定她们需要做什么。可知，詹姆斯注重足球基本技能的训练，也不会为女孩们做决定。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games."詹姆斯看着女孩们在去年的比赛中成长，并在9月份参加了新赛季的第一场比赛。他们赢了这场比赛，此后连续八场不败。可知，詹姆斯当教练之后，女孩们正式参加比赛就持续获得了胜利，这是球队在詹姆斯的带领下实现的成就。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it's not all about having the best players; it's about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. "我们想要的只是让更多的女孩加入到足球运动中，并表明这并不意味着拥有最好的球员；这是关于努力，给每个人机会去比赛。可知，在足球比赛中获得成功，不是由天赋好的球员或者最佳的球员决定的，而是努力奋斗、共同合作。可推知，我们可以从这个故事中学到，共同努力很重要。故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宠物们不同程度地继承了其祖先们未被驯服时的一些在人类眼中有些奇怪的行为。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"A happy beagle (小猎犬) called Bella loves Amazon boxes. It tears into them while ignoring other delivery boxes. Little Bit, a tortoiseshell cat, is similarly consumed — but by socks. It raids (偷袭) the laundry basket in the middle of the night and also paws through the open suitcases of house guests, who almost always find themselves missing a sock in the morning. Pets do some pretty weird things. But these strange behaviors often make perfect sense to the pets, said scientists who study animal behaviors."一只名叫贝拉的快乐小猎犬喜欢亚马逊的盒子。它一边撕扯着盒子，一边忽略了其他的投递箱。一只名叫Little Bit的玳瑁猫也同样被吃掉了——只不过是被袜子吃掉了。它会在半夜突袭洗衣篮，还会在客人打开的行李箱里乱摸，这些客人几乎总是在早上发现自己少了一只袜子。宠物会做一些很奇怪的事情。但研究动物行为的科学家说，这些奇怪的行为对宠物来说通常是完全合理的。可知，通过比较一只宠物狗和一只宠物猫的行为，引出了本文讨论的话题：宠物们不同程度地继承了其祖先们未被驯服时的一些在人类眼中有些奇怪的行为。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"But they're not trying to bury their poop. They want other animals to notice it."但它们并不是想把便便埋起来。它们想让其它动物注意到它。可推断出，"They are depositing smell in those areas"中的"depositing smell"意为"留下气味"。故选A。
10．考查段落大意。根据第三段"Cats, on the other hand, almost always bury their waste. ‘They are covering their tracks,' says Monique Udell, an expert on human-animal interactions who works at Oregon State University. Cats are predators, meaning they hunt other animals for food. But other animals hunt them, too. So they don't want to be seen-or smelled. Mikel Delgado, the founder of a California-based cat behavior consulting service, said that many other cat behaviors, arise from cats' wild origins."另一方面，猫几乎总是把便便埋起来。俄勒冈州立大学的人与动物互动专家Monique Udell说："它们正在掩盖自己的踪迹"。猫是捕食者，这意味着它们捕食其他动物。但其他动物也会猎杀它们。所以他们不想被人看见或闻到。加州一家猫行为咨询服务公司的创始人米克尔·德尔加多说，许多其他猫的行为都源于猫的野生起源。可知，第三段阐述了猫保留了其祖先的习性：掩埋其排泄物以避免被其他捕猎者发现。故选C。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"When a lower-ranking individual approaches a higher-ranking one, it gets down real low and licks the dominant one to say: ‘I'm not a threat to you.'"当一个地位较低的个体接近一个地位较高的个体时，它会降到很低的位置，舔舔占主导地位的个体，说："我对你没有威胁。"可知，狼向支配力更强的狼表现出顺从的行为方式为：舔舐支配力更强的狼。故选D。
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．A
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业方面的性别差距。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it."康奈尔大学的研究生Reut Shachnai对STEM领域的性别差距感到沮丧，在某些领域，男性雇员的数量至少是女性的三倍，他想为此做点什么；以及第三段中的"Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls' persistence in a ‘sink or float' science game."Reut设计了一个实验来测试假设一个成功的科学家的角色是否会提高女孩在"下沉或漂浮"科学游戏中的毅力。可知，Reut设计了一个"下沉或漂浮"的游戏，是为了解决在STEM领域存在的性别差距。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys -nearly 70% of the time."无论他们在哪个组，女孩的答对率都和男孩一样——接近70%；以及"Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did."此外，假装Marie博士的女孩在"下沉或漂浮"游戏中坚持的时间是男孩的两倍，玩得和男孩一样多。可知，在游戏当中，女孩在科学方面的表现和男孩一样好。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. "孩子们可能会从积极地做他们看到的榜样所做的事情中受益，而不仅仅是听到关于榜样的事情。可知，Tamar Kushnir认为孩子们扮演科学家角色会让他们从中受益，可推知，作者对此持支持态度。故选A。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM)education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists."一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业生涯中的性别差距；及全文内容可知，本文讲述了科学角色扮演的练习有助于缩小女性在STEM的性别差距，对女性是有益的。"假装练习在STEM方面对女孩有益"适合作文文章的标题。故选D。
【答案】16．G；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了让人们从早睡到晚都充满活力的几个小技巧。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Sleeping in(睡懒觉) can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day."睡懒觉是很难改掉的习惯。事实上，它包括两件事——早睡早起。从比平时早15分钟上床睡觉开始，第二天把闹钟设置得比平时早15分钟。可知，这里与上文构成顺承关系，是上文提到的方法带来的结果。即通过调整重置自己的睡眠周期。G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time"逐渐重置你的睡眠周期，直到你达到你想要的起床时间。"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
17．根据本段小标题"Have a good stretch in bed"在床上好好舒展一下；空前"Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. "抬起你的手臂，从伸展每根手指开始，接着是你的手，然后是你的手臂；以及空后"End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed."最后做一个颈部和背部伸展运动，让你起床。可知，此处承上启下，继续介绍伸展肢体的部位。B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs"接着是脚趾、脚和腿。"符合语境。故选B。
18．根据空后"Before going to bed, decide what you're going to wear, work out which route you'll take to work and what you'll pack in your bag."在睡觉前，决定好你要穿什么，计划好上班的路线，以及包里要装什么。可知，这里列举了我们睡觉前考虑的事情，包括第二天穿的衣服。 A. Plan ahead "提前计划"作为小标题，符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空前"Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you're doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea."在厨房里挂一块大白板。在上面，写下当天你需要知道的一切，从看医生到和朋友在一起做什么。当你喝第一杯咖啡或茶时，仔细检查它。可知，这里说明白板的作用，帮助你规划你的一天。 C. It will help you to structure (精心组织) your day "它将帮助你安排你的一天。"符合语境。故选C。
20．根据本段小标题"Get moving"动起来；以及空后"But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day. "但如果你能养成这个习惯，早上锻炼可以给你力量，让你开始新的一天。可知，此处介绍晨练的好处。E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed(神清气爽的) quickly"晨练能让你很快精神焕发。"符合语境。故选E。
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。A. paid "支付"；B. searched "搜索"；C. accounted "说明"；D. prepared"准备"。根据上文"Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before."几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象；以及空后"in advance"可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
22．句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。A. agency"机构"；B. education"教育"；C. emergency"紧急"；D. selection"选择"。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
23．句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly"突然"；B. finally"最终"；C. secretly"秘密地"；D. immediately"立即"。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
24．句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games"游戏"；B. trainings"训练，培训"；C. languages"语言"；D. savings"存款"。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
25．句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up"混淆"；B. stood out"突出"；C. lined up"排成行"；D. spoken out"说出"。根据避难的常识及空后"against the wall"靠着墙，可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
26．句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic"恐慌"；B. anger"生气"；C. shame"羞耻"；D. puzzle"谜"。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
27．句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter"遭遇"；B. comfort"安慰"；C. satisfy"使满意"；D. praise"表扬"。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
28．句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. problem"问题"；B. result"结果"；C. success"成功"；D. reason"原因"。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
29．句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate"讨厌"；B. expect"期待"；C. see"看到"；D. approach"接近"。根据下文"However，I'm very proud of my students who performed so well"可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
30．句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple"简单的"；B. ideal"理想的"；C. scary"恐怖的"；D. strange"奇怪的"。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
31．句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow"遵循，听从"；B. provide"提供"；C. repeat"重复"；D. change"改变"。根据空后"instructions"可知，应用follow，故选A。
32．句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate"幸运的"；B. honest"诚实的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. brave"勇敢的"。根据下文"they struggled to calm down"他们努力冷静下来。可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
33．句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust"信任"；B. pride"骄傲"；C. interest"兴趣"；D. growth"成长"。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，故选A。
34．句意：在每一个品行端正的学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward"奖励"；B. power"能力"；C. wisdom"智慧"；D. goal"目标"。根据空后"to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust"用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们。可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
35．句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances"机会"；B. challenges "挑战"；C. adventures"优势"；D. discussions"讨论"。根据下文"I'm sure we can handle them one by one."但我相信我们能够一一应对。可知，人们应对的是挑战，故选B。
36．【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：篮球队的大多数球员都睡得很香，他们已经尽力打比赛了。 ____ had tried their best to play the game 是非限制性定语从句，先行词Most players，指人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
37．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：所有从树上掉下来的苹果都被猪吃光了。 fell down from the tree 是限制性定语从句，先行词是apples，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词被不定代词all修饰，只能使用关系代词that引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
38．【答案】A
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在中东，阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼，这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。________ is widely accepted在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子"in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses"，结合选项，as和which都可以指代整个句子，在引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后，as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。
39．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力一样重要的职位。 ____ communication ability is just as important as sales 是限制性定语从句，先行词为position在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
40．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：足球比赛两半场之间有15分钟的休息时间，观众可以休息。__________ the audience can have a rest为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词break，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。
41．【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：看看这幅我们老板花了一大笔钱买的水墨画，是不是很惊人？ ________ our boss spent a great fortune是限制性定语从句，从句谓语动词spend需要的固定短语spend+钱/时间+on sth.，表示"花钱/时间在某物上"，先行词the ink wash painting在从句中作介词on的宾语，指物。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的限制性定语从句。
42．【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：美国有50多个州，其中的肯塔基州是亚伯拉罕·林肯出生的地方。第一空涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的一个非限制性定语从句，其中which代替先行词state，指物，并在从句中作of的宾语，而第二空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词place，指物，并在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句。
43．【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我带一位老朋友参观了这座城市，令他惊讶的是，这里的变化如此之大。________ surprise, the changes had been so great是非限制性定语从句，结合固定短语to one's surprise"令某人感到吃惊的是"，在定语从句中指代先行词的所有格表示"……的"用关系代词whose,在定语从句中作定语，由此可知，设空处应填to whose，whose指代先行词"an old friend of mine"所有格。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和固定短语，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句以及固定短语to one's surprise。
44．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你认为什么时候女性第一次被允许参加奥运会？分析句子结构，do you suppose为插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后，插入语后句子应使用陈述语气，且women和allow之间为动宾关系，要使用被动语态。综上，故选A。
【点评】考查插入语和被动语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态以及do you suppose的应用。
45．【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色旅游对我们的环境无害，将是我们享受自己的一种新方式。do harm to固定短语，"对……有害"，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是Green tourism，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数。
46．【答案】A
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：事实上，正是她勤奋的精神激励着我和她一起工作。本句是强调句。其结构为it is/was +强调部分+that从句、句中强调主语 her hardworking spirit。故选A。
【点评】考查强调句，掌握其基本结构"it is/was +强调部分+that从句"。
47．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：随着中国传统制茶被列入联合国教科文组织文化遗产名录，在过去的几十年里，有43个项目进入了非物质文化遗产名录。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few decades，可知应用现在完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
48．【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在动物园里，如果一个孩子掉进水里不会游泳，海豚可能会上来帮助他。if 引导的条件状语从句，第一个空是谓语动词用一般现在时表将来，主语是单数，谓语动词也用单数。第二个空用动词不定式表示目的。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，非谓语动词和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时，第三人称单数以及不定式作目的状语。
49．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我是你这个年龄的时候，我常常每天骑马。be used to do sth."被用来做某事"，used to do sth."过去常常做某事"；be used to doing sth."习惯于做某事"。根据句意可知，空处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，并且主句是过去常常做某事，主谓一致。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和动词短语辨析，本题涉及一般过去时，区分be used to do sth.；used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的含义。
50．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：海伦把钥匙忘在办公室了，所以她不得不等到丈夫回家。根据 so she had to wait 的时态是一般过去时，"钥匙忘在办公室"在其前发生，应用过去完成时； until her husband ____ home 是时间状语从句，且从句动作尚未发生，应用一般过去时表达过去将来的含义，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时和一般过去时。
51．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非我必须出城，否则我每周都会带妈妈去购物和看医生，陪伴她，接送她。A. salary "薪水"；B. credit"赞扬"；C. confidence"信心"；D. company"陪伴"。根据"I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor"可推知，"我"带妈妈去购物和看医生是给妈妈提供了陪伴和接送。故选D。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分salary；credit；confidence和company的含义。
52．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：赵小姐，一位著名的中国历史专家教授，将被邀请做一个关于丝绸之路历史的讲座。A.senior"年龄大些的"；B.fluent"流利的"；C.expert"专业的，熟练的"；D.powerful"强大的"。设空处应为形容词作定语，根据"in Chinese history"在中国历史方面，可知在中国历史方面专业的专家，表示"专业的，熟练的"应用expert。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分senior；fluent；expert和powerful的含义。
53．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中秋节时，家人经常聚在一起吃饭，赏月，吃月饼。A. respect"尊重，遵守"；B. observe"观察，遵守，庆祝"；C. admire"钦佩，欣赏"；D. recognize"认出"。根据"the moon and enjoy moon cakes"可知，此处是指赏月，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分respect；observe；admire和recognize的含义。
54．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当我转动门把手发现门是开着的时候，一个可怕的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，好像有人闯进了我的房子。A. stuck"突然想到，突然意识到"；B. swept"扫除"；C. tapped"轻拍，开发"；D. affected"影响"。空格前为"可怕的想法"，所以此处应该选"突然想到"。故选A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分strike；sweep；tap和affect的含义。
55．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：每个球员都必须发挥自己的优势，了解自己能做些什么来帮助球队获胜。A. strengths "优势"；B. path"小径"；C. style"风格"；D. responsibility"责任"。根据"understand what they can do to help the team to win"可知，此处指每个球员都要发挥自己的优势，strength表示"优势"时，常用复数形式。故选A
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分strength；path；style和responsibility的含义。
【答案】56．leads；57．When/As/If；58．to acquire；59．growth；60．realizing；61．it；62．of；63．facilities；64．equally；65．and
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高中生活是什么样子，在此过程中你会面临新的环境，新的知识和新的思维方式，但是机会在每次挑战中都有，当你迎接挑战，你就有机会获得知识和享受个人成长。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，状语从句，非谓语动词，名词，代词，介词，副词，连词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：你们面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界：一个新的环境，新的知识和新的思维方式。此处是谓语动词，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；句子的主语为the path，为单数，所以谓语单词用第三人称单数。故填leads。
57．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。分析句子结构可知，此处应用连词引导状语从句。主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，所以此处表示"当……时候"，可以填when和as。when和as引导的时间状语从句主语用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以此处也可以用if。故填When/As/If。
58．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。此处动词不定式作后置定语。故填to acquire。
59．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。空格处位于形容词之后，所以需要用名词，此处名词作enjoy的宾语。grow的名词为growth。故填growth。
60．句意：从这个意义上说，实现你的潜力意味着充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说是重要和必要的。此处动名词作主语，表示"实现你的潜力"，故填realizing。
61．句意：从这个意义上说，实现你的潜力意味着充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说是重要和必要的。此处it作形式主语，句子中的动词不定式为真正主语，故填it。
62．句意：好好利用你的课程，向老师和同学学习，并充分利用我们学校的设施。take advantage of固定短语，"充分利用"，故of。
63．句意：好好利用你的课程，向老师和同学学习，并充分利用我们学校的设施。facility为可数名词，学校的设施不止一个，所以应该用复数。故填facilities。
64．句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。此处位于形容词之前，修饰形容词，所以要用副词。故填equally。
65．句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，总是看到光明的一面，永远不要失去希望，即使在困难的情况下。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入连词；"看到光明的一面"与"永远不要失去希望"为并列关系，此处为肯定句，所以用and。故填and。
66．【答案】deliver
【知识点】固定句式；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：轮到我演讲时，我既紧张又尴尬。根据首字母及汉语提示可知 ，此处使用动词deliver，it's my turn to do sth.固定短语，"轮到我做某事"，因此空格处用动词原形。故填deliver。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语it's my turn to do sth.
67．【答案】positive
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：对生活有一个积极的态度有助于提升你的精神。根据句意及中英文提示，可知为positive，此处形容词修饰名词 attitude 作定语，故填positive。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
68．【答案】event
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：运动会中最吸引人的比赛项目是体操比赛。根据"in the sports meet"和首字母提示可知，"比赛项目"应用名词event，作句子的主语，结合was可知，event应用单数形式。故填event。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
69．【答案】amazed
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：幕布升起时，那些疲惫不堪的舞者惊奇地看到满座的、喧闹的、兴奋的房子。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词amazed，作表语，修饰主语dancers，描述他们的主观感受。故填amazed。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
70．【答案】arrange
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：两组学生被派去整理图书馆里的书。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，应用动词arrange，此处动词不定式作目的状语，故填arrange。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式作目的状语。
71．【答案】unique
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：中国历史的独特之处在于它继承了源远流长的文明和文化。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词unique，作定语，修饰名词词组feature of China's history。故填unique。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
72．【答案】explore
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：一所新学校和一群新同学提供了更多的机会去探索一些新的兴趣。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词explore，此处不定式作定语，故填explore。
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及不定式作定语。
73．【答案】Organised/Organized
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：由学生会主办的下一个系列活动将于五月举行。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词organise/organize，和主语之间是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Organised/Organized 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
74．【答案】curiosity
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：出于好奇，她打开信封，发现里面只有一张白纸。根据首字母和中文提示可知，名词curiosity符合题意，作宾语，不可数名词。故填curiosity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
75．【答案】recommended
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：强烈建议我们保持均衡的饮食，尽可能多地摄取营养丰富的食物。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用动词recommend，此处为固定句型it is recommended that..."建议……"，it为形式主语，that引导的句子为真正的主语。故填recommended。
【点评】考查时态语态吗，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态以及固定句式it is recommended that...。
76．【答案】concentrate/focus；on
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力工作。根据汉语意思可知，此处需要填入"集中精力于"，表示"集中精力"为concentrate /focus on；此处位于情态动词之后，所以要用动词原形。故填concentrate/focus；on。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语concentrate /focus on。
77．【答案】are；addicted；to
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：沉迷于网络的人往往在现实生活中变得不活跃。表示"沉迷于"用be addicted to，分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；句子为描述事实，所以需要用一般现在时，主语为people，所以谓语动词用复数，be动词用are。故填are ；addicted ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be addicted to。
78．【答案】compare；to
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：我可以把你比作夏日吗？你更可爱，更温和。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语compare...to...，句中有情态动词shall，应用动词原形。故填compare；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及动词短语compare...to...。
79．【答案】is；made；up；of
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：该课程将于下周一开始，由12个小时的课程组成。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语be made up o，是定语从句的谓语部分，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词the course，为单数意义，因此谓语动词用单数。故填is ；made； up ；of。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，主谓一致以及固定短语be made up of。
80．【答案】set；an；example；to/for
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：当队长最大的好处是它教会了我要负责任，并为低年级的学生树立了榜样。表示"为某人树立榜样"用set an example to/ for，and连接be responsible与空格处，作宾语；and前已经有动词不定式的to，第二个to省略，所以此处应用动词原形。故填set ；an ；example ；to/for。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及固定短语set an example to/ for。
81．【答案】Even；if/though
【知识点】让步状语从句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：即使您忙于研究工作，您仍然抽出时间帮助我修改我的申请。表示"即使"应用even if或even though引导让步状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填Even ；if/though。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及even if引导的让步状语从句。
82．【答案】looking；forward；to
【知识点】固定短语；现在进行时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：你期待在暑假参加这样的夏令营吗？根据句意及汉语提示，可知为look forward to。设空处在句中作谓语，表示此刻正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，空前为are。故填looking ；forward ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在进行时以及look forward to。
83．【答案】sign；up
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：任何对该课程感兴趣的人都可以在学校网站上注册。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为sign up。设空处在句中作谓语，空前为can，设空处应用动词原形的形式。故填sign ；up。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及动词短语sign； up。
84．【答案】make；a；difference；to
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：一个简单的善举可以对另一个人的一生产生影响。"对……有影响"可用固定短语make a difference to，且空前为情态动词can，故填make； a ；difference ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语make a difference to。
85．【答案】in；shock
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他脸上的笑声还没有完全消失，却又震惊地睁大了眼睛。分析句子成分可知，空处作状语，根据汉语提示，in shock固定短语，"震惊地"，故填in； shock。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语in shock。
86．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Wang Peng,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
Recently you have been so absorbed/occupied in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health. Thus, I feel it would be beneficial to your health if you could work out on a regular basis. In fact, exercise can both contribute to your physical health and refresh your mind. Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill. Besides, doing exercise with your friends or family members is also a good idea, as it apparently serves as a good opportunity to avoid feeling cut off from the people you care about, promoting good personal relationships and therefore enhance your mental health.
In a word, exercise is as useful and important as your study. Hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；Recently you have been so absorbed/occupied in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health.运用了结果状语从句，非限制性定语从句；Thus, I feel it would be beneficial to your health if you could work out on a regular basis. 运用了it作形式宾语，条件状语从句；Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill .运用了时间状语从句，倒装句； Besides, doing exercise with your friends or family members is also a good idea, as it apparently serves as a good opportunity to avoid feeling cut off from the people you care about, promoting good personal relationships and therefore enhance your mental health.运用了动名词作主语，原因状语从句；Hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. 运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1广东省深圳市教育集团2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
Volunteering is a great way for teenagers to make a difference and meet new people. There are many different types of volunteer opportunities for teens available. Here are a few volunteer opportunities that you could encourage your teen to take up.
Help a local food bank
Food banks always welcome donations and new volunteers. They provide perfect volunteering opportunities for those who are interested in helping the homeless. Your teen would be involved in anything, from preparing meals to working behind the scenes to repackage donated food items, serving food, and carrying boxes.
Help at a soup kitchen
A soup kitchen is one of the places where the hungry can get free or affordable meals (usually soup and bread). Most soup kitchens run primarily on donations and the generosity of people. As a soup kitchen volunteer, your child may be made to clean the tables and utensils(餐具), help distribute food, cook food, and more.
Volunteer for Meals on Wheels
By volunteering for Meals on Wheels, your teen will deliver nutritious meals to the elderly or the disabled. It's perfect for teens who have just received their driving license and love any reason to get behind the wheel! They can make a massive impact in a short amount of time. Alternatively, your teen can also volunteer in their kitchen and prepare meals for delivery. With a simple gesture, your teen can bring millions of smiles to people's lives.
Work with Habitat for Humanity
Habitat for Humanity's mission is to build or improve a place that someone could call home. Besides helping the community, your teen will learn valuable skills such as repairing, fundraising, painting, and building. You can sign them up for long-term projects or a one-time program.
1．What do a food bank and a soup kitchen have in common
A．They owe their work partly to kindhearted people.
B．Volunteers need to price the food.
C．They provide food for volunteers.
D．The locations are approachable.
2．Who would be the most suitable for Meals on Wheels
A．Lucy, who likes cooking.
B．Linda, who likes drawing.
C．Jack, who can drive a car.
D．Peter, who can make people smile.
3．Which would you choose if you want to learn some skills
A．A local food bank. B．A local soup kitchen.
C．Meals on Wheels. D．Habitat for Humanity.
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四项适合青少年参加的志愿者项目。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 Help a local food bank 部分中的"Food banks always welcome donations and new volunteers. They provide perfect volunteering opportunities for those who are interested in helping the homeless. "食品银行总是欢迎捐款和新的志愿者。他们为那些有兴趣帮助无家可归者的人提供了完美的志愿服务机会；以及 Help at a soup kitchen 部分中的"A soup kitchen is one of the places where the hungry can get free or affordable meals (usually soup and bread). Most soup kitchens run primarily on donations and the generosity of people. "施粥处是饥饿的人可以得到免费或负担得起的食物(通常是汤和面包)的地方之一。大多数施粥所主要靠捐款和人们的慷慨来运转。可知，这两项活动的食物都是来自捐赠，即它们有相似的食物来源。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Volunteer for Meals on Wheels 部分中的"By volunteering for Meals on Wheels, your teen will deliver nutritious meals to the elderly or the disabled. It's perfect for teens who have just received their driving license and love any reason to get behind the wheel! "通过"送餐上门"的志愿活动，你的孩子将为老人或残疾人提供有营养的饭菜。这对刚刚收到他们的驾驶执照和喜欢任何理由坐在方向盘后面的青少年是完美的!可知，Meak on Wheels这一项目主要是给老人和残疾人送餐，所以会开车是一个很大的优势。因此会开车的Jack最适合Meals on Wheels。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据 Work with Habitat for Humanity 部分中的"Habitat for Humanity's mission is to build or improve a place that someone could call home. Besides helping the community, your teen will learn valuable skills such as repairing, fundraising, painting, and building. "Habitat for Humanity的使命是建造或改善一个人们可以称之为家的地方。除了帮助社区，你的孩子还会学到有价值的技能，比如修理、筹款、绘画和建筑。可知，在Habitat for Humanity这项活动中，青少年可以学到多种技能。故选D。
阅读理解
Leek Town Warriors was a girls' football team which used to get routinely defeated every time they turned out, until James Henry stepped in two years ago. He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team' s fortunes. With the help of his assistant Andy Austin, they started training hard in April 2020.
Some players had never kicked a football before joining the team, so training them took hours of hard work and patience. After a good few weeks, they got down to training and really started to take it in what the coach wanted. "I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on. " James said.
James' first season was ruined by the pandemic, which forced him and Andy to get creative with training. They organized team-building activities with the girls to help them bond on and off the field. James then spent the sessions they could hold focusing on the basics of football like passing and shooting, bringing the girls up to a good standard.
James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games. The team's star player, 15-year-old Chelsea, has also impressed the audience individually, becoming the top scorer in the league with incredible 30 goals.
James said, "All the effort that the girls, we coaches and parents have put in to get this point has been enormous. If I hadn't had the support of Andy helping me every week, this would have been an impossible task. So I'm incredibly grateful to have him on side. All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it's not all about having the best players; it's about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. "
4．Why did James Henry take over the soccer team
A．Because he wanted to try his fortune.
B．Because the former coach had left the position.
C．Because the former coach recommended him.
D．Because he hoped to fulfill his champion dream.
5．What did James do to change the situation
A．Pick experienced players. B．Develop players' patience.
C．Lay stress on basic skills. D．Make decisions for the girls.
6．What did the team achieve after James was in charge
A．They won the league championship.
B．They stood out in James' first season.
C．They scored 30 goals in the season.
D．They bade goodbye to the past and won regularly.
7．What can we learn from the story
A．Talent is the key.
B．Joint efforts matter.
C．Every dog has his day.
D．Time and tide wait for no man.
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了利克镇勇士女子足球队在詹姆斯·亨利教练的带领下，夯实基础技能，共同努力，成为了连胜八场的明星足球队的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"He took the job when the previous coach quit and transformed the team's fortunes."前任教练辞职后，他接受了这份工作，改变了球队的命运。可知，詹姆斯·亨利是在当时球队遭遇长期失败，一片惨淡的情况下，接受了教练的职位。可推知，詹姆斯·亨利接管足球队是想扭转球队的局面，让其变得更好。故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I insist on doing the basic stuff well and letting the girls decide what they feel they need to work on."我坚持要基本的事情做好，让女孩们自己决定她们需要做什么。可知，詹姆斯注重足球基本技能的训练，也不会为女孩们做决定。故选C。
6．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"James watched the girls develop over the course of last year, and in September they played their first match of the new season. They won the game, and since then went on an unbeaten run of eight games."詹姆斯看着女孩们在去年的比赛中成长，并在9月份参加了新赛季的第一场比赛。他们赢了这场比赛，此后连续八场不败。可知，詹姆斯当教练之后，女孩们正式参加比赛就持续获得了胜利，这是球队在詹姆斯的带领下实现的成就。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"All we want is to bring more girls into the game and show that it's not all about having the best players; it's about hard work and giving everyone the chance to play. "我们想要的只是让更多的女孩加入到足球运动中，并表明这并不意味着拥有最好的球员；这是关于努力，给每个人机会去比赛。可知，在足球比赛中获得成功，不是由天赋好的球员或者最佳的球员决定的，而是努力奋斗、共同合作。可推知，我们可以从这个故事中学到，共同努力很重要。故选B。
阅读理解
A happy beagle (小猎犬) called Bella loves Amazon boxes. It tears into them while ignoring other delivery boxes. Little Bit, a tortoiseshell cat, is similarly consumed — but by socks. It raids (偷袭) the laundry basket in the middle of the night and also paws through the open suitcases of house guests, who almost always find themselves missing a sock in the morning. Pets do some pretty weird things. But these strange behaviors often make perfect sense to the pets, said scientists who study animal behaviors. "These behaviors are not invented on the spot," said Carlo Siracusa, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine. The pets are doing behaviors that their wild ancestors did, but they've changed them a bit to fit their new lives as pets.
Dogs can be trained to roll over and play dead. But their ancient instincts from their wolf ancestors are still there. Instincts, or instinctive behaviors, are behaviors that are done without thinking. They don't have to be learned. For example, some dogs will scratch the ground after pooping(排便). But they're not trying to bury their poop. They want other animals to notice it. "They are depositing smell in those areas," Siracusa said. "It's almost like drawing a picture with a big red marker around it," he added.
Cats, on the other hand, almost always bury their waste. "They are covering their tracks," says Monique Udell, an expert on human-animal interactions who works at Oregon State University. Cats are predators, meaning they hunt other animals for food. But other animals hunt them, too. So they don't want to be seen or smelled. Mikel Delgado, the founder of a California-based cat behavior consulting service, said that many other cat behaviors, arise from cats' wild origins.
While dogs share many behaviors inherited (继承) from wolves, they've also developed a few of their own. "Puppy dog eyes", the innocent look that many humans are helpless to resist, is one. Over the time period that they've lived with people, dogs have developed certain muscles around their eyes. This helps them make the adorable expressions that win over humans. Like wolves, dogs also like to lick faces. Humans think their pets are kissing them, but they are not. "It's how wolf puppies get food from their parents' mouths," Siracusa said. "It also can be a sign of submission. When a lower-ranking individual approaches a higher-ranking one, it gets down real low and licks the dominant one to say: ‘I'm not a threat to you. '"
8．What has been done to introduce the topic in Paragraph 1
A．Telling a story. B．Presenting examples.
C．Presenting research results. D．Criticizing pets' bad behaviors.
9．Which can best replace the word "depositing" in Paragraph 2
A．leaving B．hiding C．removing D．detecting
10．Which statement summarizes the third paragraph
A．Cats are interested in burying their waste.
B．Humans like the fact that their pet cats bury their waste.
C．Pet cats bury their waste because their wild ancestors did so.
D．Cats have changed a lot after becoming pets.
11．How do wolves show submission to dominant wolves
A．Wolves run energetically around dominant wolves.
B．Wolves show dominant wolves "puppy dog eyes".
C．Wolves beg food from dominant wolves.
D．Wolves lick dominant wolves' faces.
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宠物们不同程度地继承了其祖先们未被驯服时的一些在人类眼中有些奇怪的行为。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"A happy beagle (小猎犬) called Bella loves Amazon boxes. It tears into them while ignoring other delivery boxes. Little Bit, a tortoiseshell cat, is similarly consumed — but by socks. It raids (偷袭) the laundry basket in the middle of the night and also paws through the open suitcases of house guests, who almost always find themselves missing a sock in the morning. Pets do some pretty weird things. But these strange behaviors often make perfect sense to the pets, said scientists who study animal behaviors."一只名叫贝拉的快乐小猎犬喜欢亚马逊的盒子。它一边撕扯着盒子，一边忽略了其他的投递箱。一只名叫Little Bit的玳瑁猫也同样被吃掉了——只不过是被袜子吃掉了。它会在半夜突袭洗衣篮，还会在客人打开的行李箱里乱摸，这些客人几乎总是在早上发现自己少了一只袜子。宠物会做一些很奇怪的事情。但研究动物行为的科学家说，这些奇怪的行为对宠物来说通常是完全合理的。可知，通过比较一只宠物狗和一只宠物猫的行为，引出了本文讨论的话题：宠物们不同程度地继承了其祖先们未被驯服时的一些在人类眼中有些奇怪的行为。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"But they're not trying to bury their poop. They want other animals to notice it."但它们并不是想把便便埋起来。它们想让其它动物注意到它。可推断出，"They are depositing smell in those areas"中的"depositing smell"意为"留下气味"。故选A。
10．考查段落大意。根据第三段"Cats, on the other hand, almost always bury their waste. ‘They are covering their tracks,' says Monique Udell, an expert on human-animal interactions who works at Oregon State University. Cats are predators, meaning they hunt other animals for food. But other animals hunt them, too. So they don't want to be seen-or smelled. Mikel Delgado, the founder of a California-based cat behavior consulting service, said that many other cat behaviors, arise from cats' wild origins."另一方面，猫几乎总是把便便埋起来。俄勒冈州立大学的人与动物互动专家Monique Udell说："它们正在掩盖自己的踪迹"。猫是捕食者，这意味着它们捕食其他动物。但其他动物也会猎杀它们。所以他们不想被人看见或闻到。加州一家猫行为咨询服务公司的创始人米克尔·德尔加多说，许多其他猫的行为都源于猫的野生起源。可知，第三段阐述了猫保留了其祖先的习性：掩埋其排泄物以避免被其他捕猎者发现。故选C。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"When a lower-ranking individual approaches a higher-ranking one, it gets down real low and licks the dominant one to say: ‘I'm not a threat to you.'"当一个地位较低的个体接近一个地位较高的个体时，它会降到很低的位置，舔舔占主导地位的个体，说："我对你没有威胁。"可知，狼向支配力更强的狼表现出顺从的行为方式为：舔舐支配力更强的狼。故选D。
阅读理解
A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender(性别) gap in science, technology, engineering, and math（STEM）education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists.
Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it. Reut said the idea to help foster(培养) young girls' interest in science came to her during a lecture in a class she was taking on Psychology of Imagination.
Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls' persistence in a "sink or float" science game. The game itself was simple yet challenging: a computer screen projected a slide with an object in the center above a pool of water. Kids then had to predict whether the object would sink or float.
She studied 240 four-to-seven-year-olds, because this is around the time kids first develop their sense of identity and capabilities. They were divided into two groups. Children in the"story" group learned about the successes and struggles of a gender-matched scientist before playing the game. Boys heard about Isaac Newton and girls were told about Marie Curie. Children in the "pretend" group were told to assume the identity of the scientist they just learned about.
All kids played at least one round of the game. No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys --nearly 70% of the time. Boys, however, didn't really benefit from the stories or make-believe. Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did.
Reut's teacher Tamar Kushnir said, "Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. In other words, taking a few steps in the role model's shoes, instead of merely observing her walk. "
12．Why did Reut design a "sink or float" science game
A．To handle the gender gap in STEM.
B．To attach importance to STEM.
C．To draw kids' attention to STEM.
D．To compare boys' and girls' persistence.
13．What can we infer from the sink-or-float game
A．Kids enjoyed listening to scientists' stories.
B．Boys avoided playing make-believe games.
C．Girls performed as well as boys in science.
D．Children followed Dr. Marie to explore science.
14．What is Tamar Kushnir's attitude towards kids' assuming identity as scientists
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
15．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Girls should get recognition like boys
B．A fine example has boundless power for kids
C．Girls can work on more science games
D．Make-believe exercises benefit girls in STEM
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．A
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业方面的性别差距。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM, in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women, Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it."康奈尔大学的研究生Reut Shachnai对STEM领域的性别差距感到沮丧，在某些领域，男性雇员的数量至少是女性的三倍，他想为此做点什么；以及第三段中的"Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls' persistence in a ‘sink or float' science game."Reut设计了一个实验来测试假设一个成功的科学家的角色是否会提高女孩在"下沉或漂浮"科学游戏中的毅力。可知，Reut设计了一个"下沉或漂浮"的游戏，是为了解决在STEM领域存在的性别差距。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"No matter what group they were in, girls got the answers right just as often as boys -nearly 70% of the time."无论他们在哪个组，女孩的答对率都和男孩一样——接近70%；以及"Besides, girls pretending to be Dr. Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game, playing just as much as the boys did."此外，假装Marie博士的女孩在"下沉或漂浮"游戏中坚持的时间是男孩的两倍，玩得和男孩一样多。可知，在游戏当中，女孩在科学方面的表现和男孩一样好。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Rather than merely hearing about role models, children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform. "孩子们可能会从积极地做他们看到的榜样所做的事情中受益，而不仅仅是听到关于榜样的事情。可知，Tamar Kushnir认为孩子们扮演科学家角色会让他们从中受益，可推知，作者对此持支持态度。故选A。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM)education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists."一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业生涯中的性别差距；及全文内容可知，本文讲述了科学角色扮演的练习有助于缩小女性在STEM的性别差距，对女性是有益的。"假装练习在STEM方面对女孩有益"适合作文文章的标题。故选D。
二、第一部分 阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Find it hard to get started Try these suggestions to help you rise and shine and be effective(有效率的) from morning till night.
● Get up earlier
Sleeping in(睡懒觉) can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day. 16． .
● Have a good stretch(伸展) in bed
Before you even open your eyes, stretch every extremity (四肢) for 15 seconds. Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. 17． . End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed. By doing this, you will enhance the flow of blood through your system, providing your tissues with extra oxygen.
● 18．
The fewer choices you have to make, the better. Before going to bed, decide what you're going to wear, work out which route you'll take to work and what you'll pack in your bag.
● Consult (查阅) your morning calendar
Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you're doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea. 19． .
● Get moving
20． . But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day.
A. Plan ahead
B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs
C. It will help you to structure (精心组织) your day
D. Spend less time choosing things when packing
E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed(神清气爽的) quickly
F. If you're a night owl, an early morning jog might sound like punishment
G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time
【答案】16．G；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了让人们从早睡到晚都充满活力的几个小技巧。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Sleeping in(睡懒觉) can be a hard habit to break. Actually, it involves two things — going to bed earlier and getting up earlier. Start off by going to bed 15 minutes before your usual turn-in time and setting your alarm the same number of minutes earlier the next day."睡懒觉是很难改掉的习惯。事实上，它包括两件事——早睡早起。从比平时早15分钟上床睡觉开始，第二天把闹钟设置得比平时早15分钟。可知，这里与上文构成顺承关系，是上文提到的方法带来的结果。即通过调整重置自己的睡眠周期。G. Gradually reset your sleep cycle until you get to your desired wake-up time"逐渐重置你的睡眠周期，直到你达到你想要的起床时间。"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
17．根据本段小标题"Have a good stretch in bed"在床上好好舒展一下；空前"Lift your arm and begin by stretching each finger, next your hand, and then your arm. "抬起你的手臂，从伸展每根手指开始，接着是你的手，然后是你的手臂；以及空后"End with a neck and back stretch that gets you out of bed."最后做一个颈部和背部伸展运动，让你起床。可知，此处承上启下，继续介绍伸展肢体的部位。B. Move on to your toes, feet and legs"接着是脚趾、脚和腿。"符合语境。故选B。
18．根据空后"Before going to bed, decide what you're going to wear, work out which route you'll take to work and what you'll pack in your bag."在睡觉前，决定好你要穿什么，计划好上班的路线，以及包里要装什么。可知，这里列举了我们睡觉前考虑的事情，包括第二天穿的衣服。 A. Plan ahead "提前计划"作为小标题，符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空前"Hang a large whiteboard in your kitchen. On it, write down all you need to know for that particular day, from doctor appointments to what you're doing with your friends. Check it carefully while you sip your first cup of coffee or tea."在厨房里挂一块大白板。在上面，写下当天你需要知道的一切，从看医生到和朋友在一起做什么。当你喝第一杯咖啡或茶时，仔细检查它。可知，这里说明白板的作用，帮助你规划你的一天。 C. It will help you to structure (精心组织) your day "它将帮助你安排你的一天。"符合语境。故选C。
20．根据本段小标题"Get moving"动起来；以及空后"But if you can get yourself into the habit, exercising in the morning can give you energy to jump-start your day. "但如果你能养成这个习惯，早上锻炼可以给你力量，让你开始新的一天。可知，此处介绍晨练的好处。E. Morning exercise can get you refreshed(神清气爽的) quickly"晨练能让你很快精神焕发。"符合语境。故选E。
三、第二部分完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn't 21． for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our 22． actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed 23． as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular 24． to use. Never did I imagine that my students had 25． against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with 26． as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to 27． them, though we actually didn't know what the 28． would be.
I couldn't 29． the tornado any more. However, I'm very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a 30． and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them 31． instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly 32． . I'm extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their 33． in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life's 34． to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented 35． , I'm sure we can handle them one by one.
21．A． paid B． searched C． accounted D． prepared
22．A． agency B． education C． emergency D． selection
23．A． suddenly B． finally C． secretly D． immediately
24．A． games B． trainings C． languages D． savings
25．A． mixed up B． stood out C． lined up D． spoken out
26．A． panic B． anger C． shame D． puzzle
27．A． encounter B． comfort C． satisfy D． praise
28．A． problem B． result C． success D． reason
29．A． hate B． expect C． see D． approach
30．A． simple B． ideal C． scary D． strange
31．A． follow B． provide C． repeat D． change
32．A． fortunate B． honest C． confident D． brave
33．A． trust B． pride C． interest D． growth
34．A． reward B． power C． wisdom D． goal
35．A． chances B． challenges C． adventures D． discussions
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．C；26．A；27．B；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．D；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。A. paid "支付"；B. searched "搜索"；C. accounted "说明"；D. prepared"准备"。根据上文"Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before."几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象；以及空后"in advance"可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
22．句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。A. agency"机构"；B. education"教育"；C. emergency"紧急"；D. selection"选择"。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
23．句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly"突然"；B. finally"最终"；C. secretly"秘密地"；D. immediately"立即"。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
24．句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games"游戏"；B. trainings"训练，培训"；C. languages"语言"；D. savings"存款"。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
25．句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up"混淆"；B. stood out"突出"；C. lined up"排成行"；D. spoken out"说出"。根据避难的常识及空后"against the wall"靠着墙，可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
26．句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic"恐慌"；B. anger"生气"；C. shame"羞耻"；D. puzzle"谜"。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
27．句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter"遭遇"；B. comfort"安慰"；C. satisfy"使满意"；D. praise"表扬"。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
28．句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. problem"问题"；B. result"结果"；C. success"成功"；D. reason"原因"。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
29．句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate"讨厌"；B. expect"期待"；C. see"看到"；D. approach"接近"。根据下文"However，I'm very proud of my students who performed so well"可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
30．句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple"简单的"；B. ideal"理想的"；C. scary"恐怖的"；D. strange"奇怪的"。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
31．句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow"遵循，听从"；B. provide"提供"；C. repeat"重复"；D. change"改变"。根据空后"instructions"可知，应用follow，故选A。
32．句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate"幸运的"；B. honest"诚实的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. brave"勇敢的"。根据下文"they struggled to calm down"他们努力冷静下来。可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
33．句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust"信任"；B. pride"骄傲"；C. interest"兴趣"；D. growth"成长"。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，故选A。
34．句意：在每一个品行端正的学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward"奖励"；B. power"能力"；C. wisdom"智慧"；D. goal"目标"。根据空后"to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust"用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们。可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
35．句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances"机会"；B. challenges "挑战"；C. adventures"优势"；D. discussions"讨论"。根据下文"I'm sure we can handle them one by one."但我相信我们能够一一应对。可知，人们应对的是挑战，故选B。
四、第三部分基础知识选择题（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
36． Most players of the basketball team, ____ had tried their best to play the game, were sleeping soundly.
A．which B．who C．where D．that
【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：篮球队的大多数球员都睡得很香，他们已经尽力打比赛了。 ____ had tried their best to play the game 是非限制性定语从句，先行词Most players，指人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
37． All the apples ____ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.
A．which B．they C．that D．as
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：所有从树上掉下来的苹果都被猪吃光了。 fell down from the tree 是限制性定语从句，先行词是apples，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词被不定代词all修饰，只能使用关系代词that引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
38． ____ is widely accepted, in the Middle, East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
A．As B．It C．Which D．What
【答案】A
【知识点】as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在中东，阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼，这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。________ is widely accepted在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子"in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses"，结合选项，as和which都可以指代整个句子，在引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后，as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及as引导的非限制性定语从句。
39． Sales director is a position ____ communication ability is just as important as sales.
A．where B．which C．whose D．when
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力一样重要的职位。 ____ communication ability is just as important as sales 是限制性定语从句，先行词为position在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
40．（2020高三上·河西期末）Between the two halves of the football game is a 15-minute break, __________ the audience can have a rest.
A．when B．where C．which D．that
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：足球比赛两半场之间有15分钟的休息时间，观众可以休息。__________ the audience can have a rest为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词break，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的非限制性定语从句。
41． Look at the ink wash painting ____ our boss spent a great fortune. Isn't it breath-taking
A．that B．which C．for what D．on which
【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：看看这幅我们老板花了一大笔钱买的水墨画，是不是很惊人？ ________ our boss spent a great fortune是限制性定语从句，从句谓语动词spend需要的固定短语spend+钱/时间+on sth.，表示"花钱/时间在某物上"，先行词the ink wash painting在从句中作介词on的宾语，指物。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的限制性定语从句。
42． America has more than fifty states, ____ , Kentucky, is the place ____ Abraham Lincoln was born.
A．one of them; where B．one of them; that
C．one of which; that D．one of which; where
【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：美国有50多个州，其中的肯塔基州是亚伯拉罕·林肯出生的地方。第一空涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的一个非限制性定语从句，其中which代替先行词state，指物，并在从句中作of的宾语，而第二空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词place，指物，并在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句。
43． I showed an old friend of mine around the city, ____ surprise, the changes had been so great.
A．whose B．which C．to which D．to whose
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我带一位老朋友参观了这座城市，令他惊讶的是，这里的变化如此之大。________ surprise, the changes had been so great是非限制性定语从句，结合固定短语to one's surprise"令某人感到吃惊的是"，在定语从句中指代先行词的所有格表示"……的"用关系代词whose,在定语从句中作定语，由此可知，设空处应填to whose，whose指代先行词"an old friend of mine"所有格。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和固定短语，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句以及固定短语to one's surprise。
44． ____ to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time
A．When do you suppose women were allowed
B．When do you suppose women allowed
C．When do you suppose were women allowed
D．Do you suppose when women were allowed
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：你认为什么时候女性第一次被允许参加奥运会？分析句子结构，do you suppose为插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后，插入语后句子应使用陈述语气，且women和allow之间为动宾关系，要使用被动语态。综上，故选A。
【点评】考查插入语和被动语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态以及do you suppose的应用。
45． Green tourism ____ no harm to our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy ourselves.
A．do B．does C．did D．doing
【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色旅游对我们的环境无害，将是我们享受自己的一种新方式。do harm to固定短语，"对……有害"，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是Green tourism，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数。
46． As a matter of fact, it was her hardworking spirit ____ motivated me to work together with her.
A．that B．how C．which D．what
【答案】A
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：事实上，正是她勤奋的精神激励着我和她一起工作。本句是强调句。其结构为it is/was +强调部分+that从句、句中强调主语 her hardworking spirit。故选A。
【点评】考查强调句，掌握其基本结构"it is/was +强调部分+that从句"。
47． With China's traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, forty-three items ____ the intangible cultural heritage list in the past few decades.
A．entered B．have entered C．enter D．are entering
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：随着中国传统制茶被列入联合国教科文组织文化遗产名录，在过去的几十年里，有43个项目进入了非物质文化遗产名录。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few decades，可知应用现在完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
48． In the zoo if a child ____ into the water and can't swim, the dolphins may come up ____ him.
A．will fall; to help B．falls; to help
C．will fall; help D．falls; helping
【答案】B
【知识点】动词第三人称单数；一般现在时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：在动物园里，如果一个孩子掉进水里不会游泳，海豚可能会上来帮助他。if 引导的条件状语从句，第一个空是谓语动词用一般现在时表将来，主语是单数，谓语动词也用单数。第二个空用动词不定式表示目的。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，非谓语动词和主谓一致，本题涉及一般现在时，第三人称单数以及不定式作目的状语。
49． When I ____ your age, I ____ horses every day.
A．was; am used to ride B．was; used to ride
C．were; use to ride D．am; used to riding
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我是你这个年龄的时候，我常常每天骑马。be used to do sth."被用来做某事"，used to do sth."过去常常做某事"；be used to doing sth."习惯于做某事"。根据句意可知，空处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，并且主句是过去常常做某事，主谓一致。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和动词短语辨析，本题涉及一般过去时，区分be used to do sth.；used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的含义。
50． Helen ____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____ home.
A．had left; came B．has left; comes
C．left; had come D．had left; would come
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：海伦把钥匙忘在办公室了，所以她不得不等到丈夫回家。根据 so she had to wait 的时态是一般过去时，"钥匙忘在办公室"在其前发生，应用过去完成时； until her husband ____ home 是时间状语从句，且从句动作尚未发生，应用一般过去时表达过去将来的含义，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时和一般过去时。
51． Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing ____ and transportation.
A．salary B．credit C．confidence D．company
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非我必须出城，否则我每周都会带妈妈去购物和看医生，陪伴她，接送她。A. salary "薪水"；B. credit"赞扬"；C. confidence"信心"；D. company"陪伴"。根据"I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor"可推知，"我"带妈妈去购物和看医生是给妈妈提供了陪伴和接送。故选D。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分salary；credit；confidence和company的含义。
52． Miss Zhao, a famous professor ____ in Chinese history, will be invited to give a lecture concerning the history of the Silk Road.
A．senior B．fluent C．expert D．powerful
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：赵小姐，一位著名的中国历史专家教授，将被邀请做一个关于丝绸之路历史的讲座。A.senior"年龄大些的"；B.fluent"流利的"；C.expert"专业的，熟练的"；D.powerful"强大的"。设空处应为形容词作定语，根据"in Chinese history"在中国历史方面，可知在中国历史方面专业的专家，表示"专业的，熟练的"应用expert。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分senior；fluent；expert和powerful的含义。
53． During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, ____ the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A．respect B．observe C．admire D．recognize
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中秋节时，家人经常聚在一起吃饭，赏月，吃月饼。A. respect"尊重，遵守"；B. observe"观察，遵守，庆祝"；C. admire"钦佩，欣赏"；D. recognize"认出"。根据"the moon and enjoy moon cakes"可知，此处是指赏月，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分respect；observe；admire和recognize的含义。
54． When I turned the handle and found the door was open, a terrible thought ____ me that someone had broken into my house.
A．struck B．swept C．tapped D．affected
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当我转动门把手发现门是开着的时候，一个可怕的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，好像有人闯进了我的房子。A. stuck"突然想到，突然意识到"；B. swept"扫除"；C. tapped"轻拍，开发"；D. affected"影响"。空格前为"可怕的想法"，所以此处应该选"突然想到"。故选A。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分strike；sweep；tap和affect的含义。
55． Each player has to play to their ____ and understand what they can do to help the team to win.
A．strengths B．path C．style D．responsibility
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：每个球员都必须发挥自己的优势，了解自己能做些什么来帮助球队获胜。A. strengths "优势"；B. path"小径"；C. style"风格"；D. responsibility"责任"。根据"understand what they can do to help the team to win"可知，此处指每个球员都要发挥自己的优势，strength表示"优势"时，常用复数形式。故选A
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分strength；path；style和responsibility的含义。
五、第四部分语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What is senior high school life like The path before you 56． (lead) to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. However, the opportunity lies in each challenge. 57． you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 58． (acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal 59． (grow). Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. In this sense, 60． (realize) your potential means that 61． is important and necessary for you to make the most of our school resources. Take advantage 62． your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school 63． (facility). Good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are 64． (equal) important. As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. Last but not least, always look on the bright side 65． never lose hope, even in difficult situations. In time you will find yourself developing into a well-rounded individual.
【答案】56．leads；57．When/As/If；58．to acquire；59．growth；60．realizing；61．it；62．of；63．facilities；64．equally；65．and
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高中生活是什么样子，在此过程中你会面临新的环境，新的知识和新的思维方式，但是机会在每次挑战中都有，当你迎接挑战，你就有机会获得知识和享受个人成长。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，状语从句，非谓语动词，名词，代词，介词，副词，连词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：你们面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界：一个新的环境，新的知识和新的思维方式。此处是谓语动词，陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；句子的主语为the path，为单数，所以谓语单词用第三人称单数。故填leads。
57．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。分析句子结构可知，此处应用连词引导状语从句。主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，所以此处表示"当……时候"，可以填when和as。when和as引导的时间状语从句主语用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以此处也可以用if。故填When/As/If。
58．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。此处动词不定式作后置定语。故填to acquire。
59．句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。空格处位于形容词之后，所以需要用名词，此处名词作enjoy的宾语。grow的名词为growth。故填growth。
60．句意：从这个意义上说，实现你的潜力意味着充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说是重要和必要的。此处动名词作主语，表示"实现你的潜力"，故填realizing。
61．句意：从这个意义上说，实现你的潜力意味着充分利用我们学校的资源对你来说是重要和必要的。此处it作形式主语，句子中的动词不定式为真正主语，故填it。
62．句意：好好利用你的课程，向老师和同学学习，并充分利用我们学校的设施。take advantage of固定短语，"充分利用"，故of。
63．句意：好好利用你的课程，向老师和同学学习，并充分利用我们学校的设施。facility为可数名词，学校的设施不止一个，所以应该用复数。故填facilities。
64．句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。此处位于形容词之前，修饰形容词，所以要用副词。故填equally。
65．句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，总是看到光明的一面，永远不要失去希望，即使在困难的情况下。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入连词；"看到光明的一面"与"永远不要失去希望"为并列关系，此处为肯定句，所以用and。故填and。
六、第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
66． When it was my turn to d (发表) a speech, I was so nervous and embarrassed.
【答案】deliver
【知识点】固定句式；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：轮到我演讲时，我既紧张又尴尬。根据首字母及汉语提示可知 ，此处使用动词deliver，it's my turn to do sth.固定短语，"轮到我做某事"，因此空格处用动词原形。故填deliver。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语it's my turn to do sth.
67． Having a p (乐观的) attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
【答案】positive
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：对生活有一个积极的态度有助于提升你的精神。根据句意及中英文提示，可知为positive，此处形容词修饰名词 attitude 作定语，故填positive。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
68． The most attractive e (比赛项目) in the sports meet was the gymnastics competition.
【答案】event
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：运动会中最吸引人的比赛项目是体操比赛。根据"in the sports meet"和首字母提示可知，"比赛项目"应用名词event，作句子的主语，结合was可知，event应用单数形式。故填event。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
69． The exhausted dancers were a (惊奇的) to see a full and noisily excited house when the curtain rose.
【答案】amazed
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：幕布升起时，那些疲惫不堪的舞者惊奇地看到满座的、喧闹的、兴奋的房子。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词amazed，作表语，修饰主语dancers，描述他们的主观感受。故填amazed。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
70． Two groups of students were sent to a (安排) the books in the library.
【答案】arrange
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：两组学生被派去整理图书馆里的书。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，应用动词arrange，此处动词不定式作目的状语，故填arrange。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式作目的状语。
71． The u (独特的) feature of China's history is the inheritance of a long unbroken civilization and culture.
【答案】unique
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：中国历史的独特之处在于它继承了源远流长的文明和文化。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词unique，作定语，修饰名词词组feature of China's history。故填unique。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
72． A new school and a new group of classmates offer more chances to e (探索) some new interests.
【答案】explore
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：一所新学校和一群新同学提供了更多的机会去探索一些新的兴趣。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词explore，此处不定式作定语，故填explore。
【点评】考查动词，本题涉及不定式作定语。
73． O (组织) by the Students' Union, the next activity in the series will be scheduled in May.
【答案】Organised/Organized
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：由学生会主办的下一个系列活动将于五月举行。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词organise/organize，和主语之间是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Organised/Organized 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作状语。
74． Out of c (好奇), she opened the envelope to find nothing but a piece of white paper.
【答案】curiosity
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：出于好奇，她打开信封，发现里面只有一张白纸。根据首字母和中文提示可知，名词curiosity符合题意，作宾语，不可数名词。故填curiosity。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
75． It is highly r (建议) that we keep a balanced diet to take in as much nutritious and diverse food as possible.
【答案】recommended
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：强烈建议我们保持均衡的饮食，尽可能多地摄取营养丰富的食物。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处使用动词recommend，此处为固定句型it is recommended that..."建议……"，it为形式主语，that引导的句子为真正的主语。故填recommended。
【点评】考查时态语态吗，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态以及固定句式it is recommended that...。
七、第六部分 完成句子，根据各括号内的中文提示，用恰当的短语或结构的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一个单词。（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
76． I can't my work (集中精力于)with all that noise going on.
【答案】concentrate/focus；on
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力工作。根据汉语意思可知，此处需要填入"集中精力于"，表示"集中精力"为concentrate /focus on；此处位于情态动词之后，所以要用动词原形。故填concentrate/focus；on。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语concentrate /focus on。
77． People who (沉迷于) the web often become inactive in real life.
【答案】are；addicted；to
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：沉迷于网络的人往往在现实生活中变得不活跃。表示"沉迷于"用be addicted to，分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；句子为描述事实，所以需要用一般现在时，主语为people，所以谓语动词用复数，be动词用are。故填are ；addicted ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be addicted to。
78． Shall I you (把. . . 比作) a summer's day You're lovelier and milder.
【答案】compare；to
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：我可以把你比作夏日吗？你更可爱，更温和。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语compare...to...，句中有情态动词shall，应用动词原形。故填compare；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及动词短语compare...to...。
79． The course, which (由. . . 构成) 12 two-hour sessions, will start next Monday.
【答案】is；made；up；of
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：该课程将于下周一开始，由12个小时的课程组成。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语be made up o，是定语从句的谓语部分，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词the course，为单数意义，因此谓语动词用单数。故填is ；made； up ；of。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，主谓一致以及固定短语be made up of。
80． The biggest benefit of being a captain is that it teaches me to be responsible and (树立榜样) lower grade students.
【答案】set；an；example；to/for
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：当队长最大的好处是它教会了我要负责任，并为低年级的学生树立了榜样。表示"为某人树立榜样"用set an example to/ for，and连接be responsible与空格处，作宾语；and前已经有动词不定式的to，第二个to省略，所以此处应用动词原形。故填set ；an ；example ；to/for。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及固定短语set an example to/ for。
81． (即使) you were busy with your research work, you still spared some time to help me revise my application.
【答案】Even；if/though
【知识点】让步状语从句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：即使您忙于研究工作，您仍然抽出时间帮助我修改我的申请。表示"即使"应用even if或even though引导让步状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填Even ；if/though。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及even if引导的让步状语从句。
82． Are you (期待) attending such a camp in your summer vacation
【答案】looking；forward；to
【知识点】固定短语；现在进行时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：你期待在暑假参加这样的夏令营吗？根据句意及汉语提示，可知为look forward to。设空处在句中作谓语，表示此刻正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，空前为are。故填looking ；forward ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在进行时以及look forward to。
83． Anyone who takes interest in the programme can (报名) at the school website.
【答案】sign；up
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：任何对该课程感兴趣的人都可以在学校网站上注册。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为sign up。设空处在句中作谓语，空前为can，设空处应用动词原形的形式。故填sign ；up。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及动词短语sign； up。
84．A simple gesture of kindness can (对…… 有影响) another person's whole life.
【答案】make；a；difference；to
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：一个简单的善举可以对另一个人的一生产生影响。"对……有影响"可用固定短语make a difference to，且空前为情态动词can，故填make； a ；difference ；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语make a difference to。
85． The laughter had not yet quite died from his face, but his eyes widened (震惊).
【答案】in；shock
【知识点】固定短语；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：他脸上的笑声还没有完全消失，却又震惊地睁大了眼睛。分析句子成分可知，空处作状语，根据汉语提示，in shock固定短语，"震惊地"，故填in； shock。
【点评】考查汉译英，以及固定短语in shock。
八、第七部分 应用文写作（满分20分）
86．假定你是李华，请你给正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
Dear Wang Peng,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Wang Peng,
I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.
Recently you have been so absorbed/occupied in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health. Thus, I feel it would be beneficial to your health if you could work out on a regular basis. In fact, exercise can both contribute to your physical health and refresh your mind. Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill. Besides, doing exercise with your friends or family members is also a good idea, as it apparently serves as a good opportunity to avoid feeling cut off from the people you care about, promoting good personal relationships and therefore enhance your mental health.
In a word, exercise is as useful and important as your study. Hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封建议信，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句；Recently you have been so absorbed/occupied in study that you have had no time for exercise, which from my perspective is really harmful to your health.运用了结果状语从句，非限制性定语从句；Thus, I feel it would be beneficial to your health if you could work out on a regular basis. 运用了it作形式宾语，条件状语从句；Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or falling ill .运用了时间状语从句，倒装句； Besides, doing exercise with your friends or family members is also a good idea, as it apparently serves as a good opportunity to avoid feeling cut off from the people you care about, promoting good personal relationships and therefore enhance your mental health.运用了动名词作主语，原因状语从句；Hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. 运用了宾语从句。
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