(共38张PPT)
Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected.
人教新目标版 九年级上
SectionA 2d
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
Learning objectives
1.掌握词汇：give…a lift, cream，workday，show up, bean, market, by the end of等。
2.通过情景体验，能够体会和感悟过去完成时的意义和功能，能用目标语言by the time和before对过去发生的事情进行描述。
3.能运用讲授法和归纳总结法，让学生熟练掌握并体会过去完成时在英语中的运用。
4.让学生明白中西方文化的差异性，培养学生积极向上的心态和良好的心理素质。
Warming up
His life is full of the unexpected.
Revision
I had a really…morning.
First of all, I overslept.
By the time…my brother…
got outside, the bus…
ran to school
got to school, left the backpack…
Retell Mary’s story according to the words in the box.
Key words in 2a:
ran home, got home, had left my keys, ran back to school, had rung, walked into class, had started teaching
Revision
Retell Mary’s story according to the words in the box.
Make up an ending for the story.
Look at the picture and predict.
What can you see in the picture
Can you guess what the dialogue is about
School bus
Is someone late for school
Does someone get up late
New drills
_____ ___late
didn't ____ ________ or ____ _____ or _____
didn't catch the ____
Carl's dad ____ ____ _ ___
late for class for ___ ______
quickly ___ ___ clothes and _______ _____ the door
woke up
put on
rushed out
eat breakfast
teeth
wash face
bus
gave him a lift
5 minutes
Watch the video and fill the time line.
New task
Read 2d carefully and answer the questions.
1.Why was Kevin late for class
2.What did he do that morning
3.Did he catch the bus
4.How did he get to school
Because his alarm clock didn’t go o . He kept sleeping, and when he woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!
He quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door even without brushing his teeth or washing his face.
No. Before he got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
Carl’s dad saw him, and gave him a lift in his car.
give sb. a lift 捎某人一程
go off 发出响声
Matt: Why were you late for class today, Kevin
Kevin: My alarm clock didn’t go o ! I kept sleeping, and when I woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!
Matt: Oh, no!
Kevin: So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.
Matt: You didn’t eat breakfast
Kevin: No, I didn’t even brush my teeth or wash my face! But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
Matt: Then how did you get here
Kevin: Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
Matt: Well, at least by the time you got to school, you were only five minutes late for class.
Listen and repeat.
2d
（闹铃等）发出响声.
穿上
冲出；跑出
捎某人一程
1.My alarm clock didn’t go off. 我的闹钟没有响。
go off (警报器等)突然发出巨响
go off还有“中断，失去对……的兴趣”的意思，也可表示(食物)变坏，变质，(灯)熄灭，(水，电)断掉，(质量)下降。
例： My alarm clock _________at 6: 00 every morning.
我的闹钟每天早上6: 00 响。
The siren went off suddenly and the robbers dropped their things and dashed off.
________________________________
goes off
突然警笛大作，盗贼丢下他们的东西撒腿便跑。
Language points
常见的“动词＋off”短语：
2.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.
put on 意为“穿上；戴上”，用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴眼镜等，强调动作。put on是动副短语，强调动作，反义短语是take off。其宾语若是代词，代词要放在put与on中间。
【拓展】put on的其他用法：
1）增加（体重）；发胖2）上演；举办
例： 外面很冷，请穿上暖和的衣服。________________________________
你外出时最好是穿上它。
_______________________________
It’s cold outside. Please put on your warm clothes.
You’d better put it on when you go out.
【辨析】put on, dress, wear
put on
dress
wear
强调穿的动作，宾语是物，反义词组为take off。
既可表动作也可表状态，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词，但多接人作宾语。
强调穿的状态，以物为宾语，可用于进行时。
3.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.
rush out 冲出，奔出
rush用作动词，意为“冲，奔，赶紧”。常用短语rush to do sth.意为“赶紧做某事”。
rush还可用作名词，意为“匆忙，忙碌，争购”。常用短语：rush hour“高峰时间”，the Christmas rush “圣诞节前的忙碌”。
例： 亨利冲出房间，消失在了雨中。
________________________________
She's always rushing to finish first.
_______________________________
Henry rushed out the room and disappeared in the rain.
她总是赶着第一个完成。
4.Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
luckily是副词,意思是“幸运的是”, 反义词是unluckily, 意为“不幸地”。【拓展】 (1)lucky adj.“幸运的”,既可以作表语,也可以作定语, unlucky“不幸的”。(2)luck n.“运气”。 good luck表示“好运”, 用于祝福某人。bad luck表示“真糟糕,运气不好”。
例： ________________________________
那是一次严重的事故,但是所幸没有人受伤。
有些人认为十三是个不幸运的数字。________________________________
It was a bad accident, but luckily, nobody got hurt.
Some people think thirteen is an unlucky number.
4.Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
give sb. a lift 是动词短语，意为 “捎某人一程”, 相当于give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb/offer sb. a ride.
类似的还有give sb. a hand 意为“给予某人帮助”，相当于help sb. 。
例： ________________________________请问你能否捎我一程？
Jim gave me a lift on my way home yesterday.
________________________________
Could you give me a lift, please
吉姆昨天在我回家的路上捎了我一程。
常考的有关give的短语：give sb.sth./give sth.to sb.把某物给某人
give in交上；屈服；让步give up放弃 give out分发；散发
give away泄露；暴露；赠送
by the time ...
alarm clock
go off
keep doing sth.
wake up
put on some clothes
rush out of the door
give ... a lift
at least
be five minutes late for class
在……以前
闹钟
(闹钟)发出响声
一直做某事
醒来
穿上衣服
冲出门外
捎……一程
至少
上课迟到5分钟
Summay
Role-play the conversation between Matt and Kevin.
Try not to look at your book.
Matt: Why were you late ...
Kevin: My alarm clock ...! I ....!
Matt: Oh, no!
Kevin: So I just ...
Matt: You didn’t eat breakfast
Kevin: No, I...! But ...
Matt: Then ...
Kevin: Luckily, ...
Matt: Well, at least...
Role play
根据课本内容，完成下列句子。
1)当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。
_______ I got to school, I realized that I ______ ______ my backpack at home.
2)到我返回学校的时候，铃声已经响过了。
_____ _____ _____ I got back to school, the bell ______ _______.
3)我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I _____ _____ the bus stop, the bus ____ _______ _____.
When
had
left
By the time
had rung
got to
had
already left
Practice
由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，若描述发生在过去的事，主句常用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表示动作发生在过去的过去。
4)我决定先买一杯咖啡，然后再去办公室。
I ______ ______ ______ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，听到了一个巨大的声响。
As I ______ _______ ______ ______ with the other office workers, I ______ _____ _____ ______.
was about to
was waiting in line
heard a loud sound
be about to 打算做某事
be about to do, be doing等表示即将或正在做某事时，常用when/as引导从句表示突然发生的动作。
过去完成时由“助动词had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成，表示某动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
过去的过去
过去某时
现在
将来
过去完成时
从过去之前的某个时间点到过去的某个时间点为止
（先发生）
（后发生）
Concept and forms
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
2.主句为过去完成时，从句是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前。
1.两个动作同时进行，主从句都是一般过去时或过去进行时。
Concept and forms
(1) 肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他.
(2) 否定句：主语 + hadn’t + 过去分词 + 其他.
(3) 一般疑问句：Had+ 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + had.
否定回答：No, 主语 + hadn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had ＋主语＋过去分词＋…？
Structure of setence
1.由时间状语来判定
① by+过去的时间点
She had finished reading the book by 9 o’clock yesterday.
② by the end of+过去的时间点
We had completed all the work by the end of last month.
③ before + 过去的时间点。
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
一般过去，后发生
过去的过去，先发生
Judgement method
had done
④when + 过去的时间点。
When I got to school, I realized I had left my at home.
2.由“过去的过去”来判定
①含有宾语从句的复合句中：当主句为一般过
去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，
从句要用过去完成时。如在told，said，
knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
She said that she had seen the film before.
看电影是在她说之前做的。
Judgement method
had done
2.由“过去的过去”来判定
②含有状语从句的复合句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
火车离开发生在我到达车站之前。
Judgement method
had done
2.由“过去的过去”来判定
③表示意向的动词，如hope，wish，expect，
think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去
完成时表示“原本……，但未能……”。
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.
原本希望你来，但你没来
Judgement method
had done
1.时间状语不同
过去完成时：强调“过去的过去”；
一般过去时：强调过去某一特定的时间。
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
他们昨天十点前就到车站了。
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
他们昨天十点到了车站。
Differences
2.在过去的时间中，哪个先发生，哪个后发生。
在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.
Differences
Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream (n. 奶油) in the coffee.
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday (n. 工作日) ended.
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _____ already __________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ______________ to add the green beans (n. 豆).
3. By the time my mother came back from the market (n. 市场), I ______ already __________ of the door to go to my piano lesson.
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into, show up(赶到;露面), find out
shown up
had
had forgotten
had
rushed out
4. Before she got to the airport, she ______________ about the earthquake.
5. When she ___________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building.
(had) found out
arrived at
had gone into
rush out, forget, arrive at, go into, show up(赶到;露面), find out
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
1. By the time I left for school in the morning, __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
I had already had breakfast.
I had already brushed my teeth.
I had already finished my homework.
2. By the end of the school day,
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
3. By dinner time, I_________________________________
I_________________________________
I_________________________________
I have got a present from Tom.
I had had these articles read.
I had finished my homework.
had had too many apples.
had eaten plenty of meat.
had all the housework finished.
【中考链接】
1. Since we began to use the Internet, our lives _______ a lot.
( 江西)
A. change B. had changed C. will change D. have changed
2. —Look at the blue sky! The rain ________.
—Let’s go out for a walk. (江苏泰州)
A. stops B. will stop
C. has stopped D. had stopped
3. My parents ________ to work by the time I ________ up.
( 四川巴中)
A. began; get B. had begun; had got C. had begun; got
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