2023-2024学年江西省上饶市高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（原卷版+ 解析版 含听力音频）

江西省上饶市广信二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much should the woman pay if she buys two T-shirts
A. Eight dollars. B. Ten dollars. C. Twelve dollars.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How much is this T-shirt
M: Six dollars for one, but you can save two dollars if you buy two.
2. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the building
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see that building we just passed, Nancy Wouldn’t you like to live there
W: Yeah, they look nice, but this is too far from my office. Besides, I like living with my sister.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Should I put this sign in the window with the new sale prices
W: No. The sale of the children’s clothing is more important right now. I want people to see it as soon as possible.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about in general
A. An essay. B. Famous people. C. A tutor.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: My tutor asked me to talk about at least four famous people in the last two centuries in my essay.
M: Did you make it
W: No. I only named two, Queen Victoria and Diana.
M: Well, you can add Edison and Einstein.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why will the man leave early
A. He is not feeling well.
B. He has to attend a meeting.
C. He has a doctor’s appointment.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you mind if I leave the meeting early I have a headache.
W: Oh, not at all. Why don’t you see a doctor
M: I’ll make an appointment on my way home. I’ve been sick since Tuesday.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who does the woman admire most
A. Her grandfather. B. Tu Youyou. C. Yuan Longping.
7. What was the man’s major
A. Music. B. Medicine. C. Math.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Edward, who is the most admirable person in your heart
M: Oh, let me see. Maybe my grandfather is the person. Though he is old, he likes watering the flowers and preparing delicious meals for us.
W: Sounds like you love him very much.
M: Yes, of course. What about you
W: In my view, Yuan Longping is the one that I admire most. Because he really made great contributions to people’s life in the world.
M: Yes. And Tu Youyou is also a very great woman who is China’s first winner of Nobel Prize in medicine. Influenced by her, I chose the same major as hers in college.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the woman do first
A. Create real conversations.
B. Get familiar with the given context.
C. Write the story in a different tone.
9. Which part should be paid more attention to according to the man
A. The setting. B. The plots. C. The characters.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: My teacher asked us to write a continuation of a story. I have no idea now. Alan, can you teach me
M: Well, in my opinion, you need to understand what has really happened in the story, and create authentic dialogues. You are supposed to write in the same tone.
W: Wow, I guess I need to learn and absorb the information in the story first.
M: Yes. What’s more, you should focus on the setting, the plots and the characters you write.
W: Which part of writing should I especially focus on
M: I think it’s the setting. Without it, you can’t frame your whole story well.
W: Thank you. What you said benefits me a lot.
M: Not at all.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the first thing the woman should remember
A. Speaking good English.
B. Writing an application letter.
C Making a good first impression.
11. How can the woman become confident
A. By practicing more times.
B. By making full preparations.
C. By asking somebody to keep her company.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Having an interview.
B. Learning English words.
C. Building up confidence.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I'm thinking of applying for a job to a multinational company, but I'm worried about having an interview in English. Can you give me any good tips
M: First, we often say, “You never get a second chance to make a first impression.” You really need to get off to a good start. To begin with, you should greet him or her with a smile. Be sure to keep eye contact, especially when listening to the interviewer.
W: Ah. “body language” is really important, isn't it
M: Yes, it is. The second thing is to have confidence. You get confidence from being prepared. You should learn a little bit about the company before the interview.
W: I never thought about that before. You' re really smart, Jerry! But what should I do if I can't remember an English word when I'm answering a question
M: In that case, you have to paraphrase. In other words, you have to explain what you want to say. For example, if you forget the word “manufacturing”, you can say “making a product” instead.
W: That's very helpful.
M: If you make a good first impression, have confidence, and use English naturally, you' re almost certain to be interviewed again. Good luck!
W: Thanks so much.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What makes the man confused
A. Why Roman Holiday was so famous.
B. Why Audrey Hepburn learned ballet.
C. Why so many girls adored Audrey Hepburn.
14. What prevented Audrey Hepburn from sticking to being a dancer
A. Her physical condition. B. Her interest in acting. C. Her financial condition.
15. What was Audrey Hepburn like in real life
A. Outgoing. B. Shy and quiet. C. Humorous and lovely.
16. Why did Audrey Hepburn love charity
A. She was influenced by her roles.
B. She thought children were her hope.
C. Her family once got help from a charity.
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow, I would give anything to be more like Audrey Hepburn.
M: I never really understood why so many girls are such big fans of her.
W: Well, she had such a classic elegance about her because she spent years training as a ballet dancer before becoming an actress.
M: Why didn’t she stick to dancing as a career
W: It seems it was fate. She suffered from inadequate nutrition during the war, and therefore, a career as a professional dancer would have been too demanding on her body. So she focused on acting instead. Roman Holiday was her first big break which made her a star.
M: I see the photo of her in that black dress everywhere.
W: No, that one is Breakfast At Tiffany’s. Her character in that film is very outgoing and lovely, even though in real life, Audrey always described herself as shy and quiet.
M: So what did she do after her acting career
W: She devoted much of her life to helping children in need. Her family received international aid during the war when she was growing up. I think that left a big impression on her.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What did Jin Schofield do at the laboratory
A. She did voluntary work.
B. She worked as a translator.
C. She helped treat deaf people.
18. What did Jin Schofield share with her friend
A. Her idea about creating a device.
B. Her knowledge of sign language.
C. Her experience of learning a language.
19. How did Jin Schofield and her friend start their work
A. They worked with local professors
B. They communicated in sign language daily.
C. They took online machine learning courses.
20. When did Jin Schofield and her friend win $10,000
A. In 2019. B. In 2020. C. In 2021.
【答案】17. A 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Jin Schofield is an 18-year-old teen girl from Ontario. Two years ago she volunteered at a laboratory and met a deaf student. She had to work with a human translator to help the deaf boy communicate with those who didn’t know sign language, and it stuck with her. After leaving the laboratory, she began to think if she could invent a device that can translate American sign language into spoken English. She talked about it with her good friend Sarvnaz. Her friend showed great interest and the two girls got down to work. They signed up for an online eight-week machine learning course designed by Stanford University. They also turned to local university professors who directed them to more resources. The teens also reached out to people who used American sign language, and asked them about their preferences. With great effort, they invented a device for deaf people to wear on their hands. Because of the device, in August 2020, the two girls won a competition and took home $5,000. They earned $10,000 a year later when they won a national competition. The teens said they hope to use the money to continue experimenting with the device
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Garbage Disposers
John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, insalled under a kitcher sink (水槽). It tears food waste into pieces small enough to pass through the pipe.
Surgical Gloves
William Stewart Halsted, M.E, (1852-1922) was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modem Surgery”. Known for his strict adherence to sterile (无菌的) working conditions, Hasted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from ask in disease during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.
Band-Aids
When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson & Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today.
Magnetic Shirt Buttons
Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012.These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently.
21. What’s the function of the InSinkErator
A. It can clear sink pipes.
B. It can recycle kitchen waste.
C. It can remove food waste easily.
D. It can make the service life of kitchen sinks longer.
22. What can we learn about William’s surgical gloves
A. They made William known worldwide.
B. They were used in the treatment of skin diseases.
C. They were originally designed for William’s wife.
D. They were invented with the aid of William’s colleagues.
23. What do the inventions have in common
A. They were designed to save time.
B. They were inspired by love.
C. They were created to change the world.
D. They were invented in the 20th century.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了几项发明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Garbage Disposers”部分的“The InSinkErator is a device, insalled under a kitcher sink(水槽). It tears food waste into pieces small enough to pass through the pipe(InSinkErator是一种安装在厨房水槽下的设备。它把食物残渣撕成小块，小到可以通过管道)”可知，InSinkErator的功能是把食物残渣撕成小块，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Surgical Gloves”部分的“Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage(专门为她发明了手套，并在他们结婚后作为礼物送给她)”可知威廉的手术手套最初是为他的妻子设计的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Garbage Disposers”部分的“Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out(哈姆斯是在看到妻子花时间用报纸把食物包起来扔掉后萌生这个想法的)”、“Surgical Gloves”部分的“Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage(专门为她发明了手套，并在他们结婚后作为礼物送给她)”、“Band-Aids”部分的“When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s(20世纪20年代，来自新泽西州的约瑟芬·奈特·迪克森在为家人做饭时连续多次割伤自己)”以及“Magnetic Shirt Buttons”部分的“Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability(霍顿决定需要为残疾人提供更好的服装选择)”可推理出这些发明都与爱有关，故选B项。
B
In Australia, as the world locked down to slow the tide of the Covid-19 outbreak, Dr. Daniel Reardon, an astrophysicist living in Melbourne, was admitted to hospital after getting four magnets (磁铁) stuck up his nose in an attempt to invent a device that stops people touching their faces during the coronavirus outbreak. Originally, Reardon, who despite his qualifications has by his own account really no experience or expertise in building circuits or things, planned to use his time creating a device that — worn as a necklace, with a powerful neodymium magnet worn on the wrist — would set off an alarm if you brought your hand too close to your face. However, it turned out that Reardon’s facility did the opposite. The necklace screams continuously unless you move your hand close to your face.
After this initial failure, it seems, lockdown boredom really set in. Reardon started playing with the magnets, clipping (夹住) them to his face and then to his nostril. Things went downhill pretty quickly when he clipped them to his other nostril.
He placed two magnets inside his nostrils, and two on the outside. When he removed the magnets from the outside of his nose, the two inside stuck together. He decided to Google the problem and found the solution was more magnets on the outside to offset the pull from the ones inside.
As he was pulling downwards to try and remove the magnets, they clipped on to each other and he lost his grip. And those two magnets ended up in his left nostril while the other one was in his right. At that point he ran out of magnets.
Ultimately, after some further struggles involving some pliers which became magnetized, Reardon was hospitalized — with his partner, who works at a hospital, taking him in because she wanted all her colleagues to laugh at him. After the magnets were successfully removed, Reardon received some medical notes which contained the phrase: “Denies difficulty breathing. Denies further magnets.”
24. Why did Reardon start his invention
A. To amuse himself. B. To remind wearers.
C. To stop covid-19. D. To kill time.
25. What resulted in Reardon’s unsuccessful attempt
A. He lacked qualifications. B. He was inexperienced.
C. He had no spare parts. D. He was fully occupied.
26. What can we learn from paragraphs 3 & 4
A. Each of Reardon’s nostrils had two magnets in.
B. It’s dangerous to play with neodymium magnets.
C. People tend to surf the Internet for their problems.
D. Reardon could have saved face with enough magnets.
27. What does Reardon’s partner think of magnets getting stuck in his nose
A. Funny. B. Awkward. C. Boring. D. Creative.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了居住在墨尔本的天体物理学家丹尼尔·里尔登博士在发明的过程中出现意外，导致磁铁被卡在了鼻子里，最后被送往医院。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In Australia, as the world locked down to slow the tide of the Covid-19 outbreak, Dr. Daniel Reardon, an astrophysicist living in Melbourne, was admitted to hospital after getting four magnets (磁铁) stuck up his nose in an attempt to invent a device that stops people touching their faces during the coronavirus outbreak.(在澳大利亚，全世界都在封锁以减缓新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延，居住在墨尔本的天体物理学家丹尼尔·里尔登博士被人往鼻子里塞了四个磁铁，试图发明一种装置，在冠状病毒爆发期间阻止人们触摸自己的脸，结果被送进了医院)”可知，里尔登开始他的发明是为了提醒佩戴者。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Originally, Reardon, who despite his qualifications has by his own account really no experience or expertise in building circuits or things, planned to use his time creating a device that — worn as a necklace, with a powerful neodymium magnet worn on the wrist — would set off an alarm if you brought your hand too close to your face.(里尔登虽然有资格，但据他自己说，他在制造电路或其他东西方面没有任何经验或专业知识，他最初计划利用他的时间创造一种设备——作为项链佩戴，手腕上戴着一块强大的钕磁铁——如果你的手太靠近你的脸，它就会发出警报)”可知，他没有经验导致里尔登的尝试失败。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He decided to Google the problem and found the solution was more magnets on the outside to offset the pull from the ones inside.(他决定用谷歌来解决这个问题，并发现解决办法是在外面放更多磁铁来抵消里面的吸引力)”可知，人们倾向于上网解决问题。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, after some further struggles involving some pliers which became magnetized, Reardon was hospitalized — with his partner, who works at a hospital, taking him in because she wanted all her colleagues to laugh at him.(最终，在一些被磁化的钳子的进一步斗争之后，里尔登被送进了医院——他在医院工作的伴侣收留了他，因为她想让所有的同事都嘲笑他)”可推知，里尔登的搭档认为磁铁卡在他鼻子里很搞笑。故选A。
C
The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Moungi G. Bawendi of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Louis E. Brus of Columbia University, and Alexei I. Ekimov of Nanocrystals Technology Inc. in New York for the discovery and development of quantum dots (量子点).
The three scientists each contributed to a fundamental discovery, according to officials from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, which awards several of the prizes each year. The work they’ve done has already led to new technology in television screens and bio-imaging.
Reached by phone during a press conference early Wednesday morning, Bawendi offered a stream of reactions: “Shocked. Sleepy. Very unexpected. And very honored.”
In a rare event, the winners’ names were leaked to the Swedish media before the official announcement. But Bawendi said he’d been sound asleep, so he didn’t hear anything about it.
Quantum dots are particles (粒子) that are so incredibly small that their size actually starts to affect their properties. For example, blue quantum dots and red quantum dots can be made from the exact same material, with the only difference being the size of the particle itself. (The blue quantum dots are smaller than red ones.)
In fact, changing the size can alter (改变) many different properties beyond just color, which means that quantum dots could be useful for a variety of applications, including building better solar panels and perhaps even creating fuel by using sunlight.
The three scientists will share the prize money of 11 million Swedish kronor (close to$995,000) in equal parts. This is the third science-focused Nobel Prize to be awarded this week. On Tuesday, the physics prize was awarded to Anne L’ Huillier, Pierre Agostini and Ferenc Krausz. And on Monday, Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman won the prize in physiology or medicine.
Officials plan to announce the literature prize on Thursday, followed by the peace prize on Friday. The economics prize will be awarded on Monday.
28. How did Bawendi feel when receiving the call early Wednesday morning
A. Angry. B. Surprised. C. Bored. D. Sorry.
29. What causes the difference in color between blue quantum dots and red ones
A. The size of the particles. B. The difference in materials.
C. The change in shapes. D. The variety of applications.
30. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 7 refer to
A. The 2023 Nobel Prize in physics. B. The 2023 Nobel Prize in medicine.
C. The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature. D. The 2023 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
31. What is the text
A. A short story. B. A diary entry. C. A news report. D. A research article.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院Moungi G. Bawendi、哥伦比亚大学的Louis E. Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的Alexei I. Ekimov，以表彰他们发现和发展量子点。文章介绍了他们的研究以及其他奖项的获得情况。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Reached by phone during a press conference early Wednesday morning, Bawendi offered a stream of reactions: “Shocked. Sleepy. Very unexpected. And very honored.”(在周三凌晨的新闻发布会上，记者通过电话联系到了巴文迪，他给出了一连串的反应：“震惊。困了。非常意外。我非常荣幸。”)”可知，在周三清晨接到电话时，Bawendi感到惊讶。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“For example, blue quantum dots and red quantum dots can be made from the exact same material, with the only difference being the size of the particle itself.(例如，蓝色量子点和红色量子点可以由完全相同的材料制成，唯一的区别是粒子本身的大小)”可知、粒子的大小导致了蓝色量子点和红色量子点之间颜色的差异。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前“The three scientists will share the prize money of 11 million Swedish kronor(close to $995.000) in equal parts.(这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金)”可知，2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的Moungi G. Bawendi、哥伦比亚大学的Louis E. Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的Alexei I. Ekimov，这三位科学家将平分1100万瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的奖金。故This指的是2023年诺贝尔化学奖。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Moungi G. Bawendi of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Louis E. Brus of Columbia University, and Alexei I. Ekimov of Nanocrystals Technology Inc. in New York for the discovery and development of quantum dots (量子点).(2023年诺贝尔化学奖被授予麻省理工学院的Moungi G. Bawendi、哥伦比亚大学的Louis E. Brus和纽约纳米晶体技术公司的Alexei I. Ekimov，以表彰他们发现和发展量子点)”结合文章介绍了他们的研究以及其他奖项的获得情况。可推断，本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C。
D
Even if you are not into artificial intelligence, it is time to pay attention to ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that Open AI released to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can complete.
ChatGPT is built on top of the Open AI GPT-3 family of large language models. It lets you type natural-language clues and then offers conversational responses. It remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to form its next responses. It finds relevant information in its oceans of training data, and transforms that into texts.
You can ask it countless questions and often will get useful answers. For instance, you can ask it encyclopedic (百科知识的) questions like “Explain Newton’s laws of motion.” You can tell it “Write me a poem.” and when it does, say “Now make it more exciting.” You can ask it to write a computer program that will show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, completing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
Many people fear that ChatGPT might help students cheat better. But as many other technology developments, it is not a simple black-and-white situation. Decades ago, students could copy encyclopedia entries and use computers and more recently, they have been able to use search engines and Wikipedia. ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing your homework for you.
Dustin York, an associate professor at Maryville University, hopes educators will learn to use ChatGPT as a tool and realize it can help students think critically. “Educators thought that Google, Wikipedia, and the Internet itself would ruin education, but they did not.” York said. “What worries me most are educators who may actively try to discourage the recognition of AI like ChatGPT. It is a tool, not a villain (反派).”
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its design inspiration. C. Its working principle. D. Its development process.
33. What is NOT part of ChatGPT’s function
A. Chat with users. B. Perform security checks.
C. Write a computer program. D. Do homework for students.
34. Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 4
A. To present the creativity of AI. B. To show the profit from ChatGPT.
C. To stress the popularity of ChatGPT. D. To compare social media apps with ChatGPT.
35. What is the best title of this text
A. ChatGPT — a useful AI tool B. Advanced AI — our loyal servant
C. ChatGPT — advantages and disadvantages D. A smart app — think twice before trusting it
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一个名为ChatGPT的人工智能聊天机器人系统，它基于OpenAI的GPT-3大型语言模型，能够回答各种自然语言的问题，并且可用于帮助研究和解决问题。文章还探讨了ChatGPT可能带来的作用和问题，作者认为教育界应该认识到ChatGPT是一个工具而非教育的反派。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“ChatGPT is built on top of the Open AI GPT-3 family of large language models. It lets you type natural-language clues and then offers conversational responses. It remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to form its next responses. It finds relevant information in its oceans of training data, and transforms that into texts.( ChatGPT建立在Open AI GPT-3系列大型语言模型之上。它可以让你输入自然语言的线索，然后提供对话式的回应。它会记住你的对话线索，利用之前的问题和答案来形成下一个回应。它从海量的训练数据中找到相关信息，并将其转换为文本。)”可知，本段主要陈述了ChatGPT的运行过程：输入线索——提供对话式回应——寻找相关信息——转化为文本以及工作原理即建立在Open AI GPT-3系列大型语言模型之上。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to form its next responses. (它会记住你的对话线索，利用之前的问题和答案来形成下一个回应。)”可知，它可以与用户聊天；同时根据第三段中“You can ask it to write a computer program that will show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word. (你可以让它写一个计算机程序，告诉你排列单词字母的所有不同方法。)”可知，它能够编写程序以及第五段中“ ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing your homework for you.( ChatGPT提供了各种新功能，从帮助你做研究到帮你做作业。)”可知，它能够帮助学生们写作业。B选项“Perform security checks.( 执行安全检查。)”文中并未提及。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, completing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.(瑞银(UBS)分析师劳埃德·沃姆斯利(Lloyd Walmsley)在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok花了9个月、Instagram花了两年半的时间。)”可知，此处强调ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok花了9个月、Instagram花了两年半的时间，故通过数字来说明ChatGPT是极其受欢迎的。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Even if you are not into artificial intelligence, it is time to pay attention to ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that Open AI released to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can complete.(即使你对人工智能不感兴趣，也是时候关注一下ChatGPT了。ChatGPT是Open AI发布的一个AI聊天机器人系统，用来展示和测试一个非常庞大、强大的AI系统可以完成什么。)”以及通读全文，本文介绍了一个名为ChatGPT的人工智能聊天机器人系统，它基于OpenAI的GPT-3大型语言模型，能够回答各种自然语言的问题，并且可用于帮助研究和解决问题。文章还探讨了ChatGPT可能带来的作用和问题，作者认为教育界应该认识到ChatGPT是一个工具而非教育的反派。B选项“Advanced AI — our loyal servant(先进的人工智能——我们忠诚的仆人)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists Make Amazing Paint Using Ideas from Nature
The colors in most paints come from pigments(颜料)—colored things such as minerals, metals or chemicals. But nature has another way to create color, called “structural color”. Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells. ___36___ Now scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.
___37___ They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found super-small clumps of aluminum atoms(铝原子团块)on the surface. The researchers were upset because these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint.
All the color in the new paint comes from aluminum. There are tiny aluminum pieces and then even smaller nanoparticles(纳米颗粒)that create the colors. The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. ___38___
Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. ___39___ It would only take 1.3 kg of structural paint to do the same job.
___40___ In regular paints, pigments break down and fade over time. That’s not true for structural color. Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries. What’s more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. That’s true even for darker colors. The new paint can keep surfaces up to 16.6℃ cooler than normal paint. Using the paint on buildings in cities could help cool cities and reduce the electricity spent on air. conditioning.
A. The new paint has several other advantages.
B. Structural paint could save as much money as possible.
C. Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint.
D. The size of them determines which color gets reflected.
E. Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane.
F. Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small.
G. It will probably be a while before you can use structural color.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. D 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家利用大自然制作出颜料的方法和颜料的优点。
【36题详解】
由上文“Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells. (结构颜色来自于翅膀、羽毛或贝壳等物体表面的微小形状。)”可知，下面要说跟“微小形状”有关的话题，故F选项“Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small. (通常情况下，我们永远看不到这些形状，因为它们太小了。)”能承接上文，符合题意。F项中的“small”与空前的“tiny”相对应。故选F。
【37题详解】
由下文“They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found super-small clumps of aluminum atoms (铝原子团块) on the surface. The researchers were upset because these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint. (他们试图创造一个特殊的镜面。但他们在表面发现了超小型的铝原子团。研究人员很沮丧，因为这些小团块把镜子弄得一团糟。然后他们意识到，当光线照射到这些团块时，它们就会产生颜色。他们决定把他们的发现变成绘画。)”可知，本空要说研究人员的打算，故C选项“Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint. (研究人员并没有真正计划制造油漆。)”能引起下文，且承接上文“Now scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.(现在，科学家们已经利用纳米技术制造出具有结构色的油漆。)”符合题意。故选C。
【38题详解】
由上文“The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. (纳米颗粒并不能真正产生颜色。它们只是反射回单一的颜色。)”可知，下面要说跟“反射”有关的话题，故D选项“The size of them determines which color gets reflected. (它们的大小决定了反射的颜色。)”能承上启下，符合题意。D项中的“reflected”与空前的“reflect”相对应。故选D。
【39题详解】
由上文“Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. (因为这种新油漆没有颜料，所以这种油漆很轻，可以减少飞机和汽车的燃料用量。)”可知，下面要介绍覆盖飞机的油漆，故E选项“Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane. (一般来说，覆盖一架飞机大约需要500公斤的油漆。)”能承接上文，符合题意。E项中的“airplane”与空前的“plane”相对应。故选E。
【40题详解】
由下文“Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries. What’s more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. (一旦我们把某种东西涂成结构色，它应该会持续几个世纪。更重要的是，新油漆不像普通油漆那样发热。)”可知，本段主要介绍这种漆的优点，故A选项“The new paint has several other advantages. (这种新油漆还有其他几个优点。)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed ____41____ heart surgery in 1993, he said no. Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome (马凡氏综合症), a genetic condition ____42____ the strength and elasticity of connective body tissues, including blood vessels. Back in 1993, when he was living in Cheltenham, in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta (主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably ____43____ unless he underwent major surgery.
“They ____44____ the surgical options,” says Golesworthy, “and I was not interested. The operation really didn’t look attractive.” ____45____ he particularly didn’t like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots(血栓) but ____46____ its own risks: “I was riding motorbikes then; and skiing, so my whole lifestyle ____47____.” By 2000, however, his condition ____48____. Realizing something had to be done, Golesworthy put his years of ____49____ as research-and-development engineer with the United Kingdom’s National Coal Board to good use. He decided he would _____50_____ himself. “Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job,” Golesworthy says.
A bulging aorta, he thought, was much like bulging hydraulic hose (凸起的液压软管)—it needed _____51_____ support. And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a less invasive _____52_____. So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours of an MRI scanner; used 3D printing to create a physical copy of the faulty part of his heart (the aortic root); and then used soft, porous textile mesh (网眼织物) to make a sleeve to fit around it. “Luckily, I’d done a lot of work with technical textiles, looking at filters (过滤器) for flue gases (烟气) in coal-fire processes,” he says.
Sheer determination combined with a(n) _____53_____ yet practical solution won him the support of two leading cardiothoratic (心胸的) surgeons and helped him raise the money to _____54_____ his idea. In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention, the Exo Vasc Personalised External Aortic Root Support. The operation was _____55_____.
41. A. game-changing B. life-saving C. ground-break ng D. problem-solving
42. A. affecting B. contracting C. influencing D. causing
43. A. burn B. bend C. burst D. block
44. A. talked about B. discussed about C. debated on D. mentioned about
45. A. How B. Why C. It D. What
46. A. display B. avoid C. present D. face
47. A. would have been affected B. would be affected C. could have been affected D. could be affected
48. A. had changed B. had recovered C. had improved D. had worsened
49. A. hard work B. experiments C. experience D. fruits
50. A. manage B. handle C. solve D. repair
51. A. internal B. surgical C. external D. spiritual
52. A. check-up B. inspection C. test D. operation
53. A. imaginative B. original C. specialized D. flexible
54. A. change B. develop C. create D. reshape
55. A. a hit B. a mess C. a pain D. a success
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Tal Golesworthy是一个锅炉工程师，当他需要通过手术来修复一个关乎到生命的主动脉的问题时，他将他的工程师技术和他的医生的医疗知识融合在一起，设计了一个更好的修复方式的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1993年，当Tal Golesworthy被告知他需要进行挽救生命的心脏手术时，他拒绝了。A. game-changing改变游戏规则的；B. life-saving救命的；C. ground-breaking开创性的；D. problem-solving问题解决的。根据下文中的“Back in 1993, when he was living in Cheltenham, in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta (主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably ____3____ unless he underwent major surgery.”可知，他的医生告诉他他的心脏主动脉被增大了以至于可能会有危险，由此可知，此处应指的是进行一次“救命的”手术。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Golesworthy患有马凡氏综合征，这是一种影响结缔组织(包括血管)强度和弹性的遗传病。A. affecting影响，侵袭；B. contracting感染，签订合同；C. influencing影响；D. causing造成。根据常识和上文中的“Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome (马凡氏综合症)”可知，Golesworthy患有马凡氏综合症，这种病会直接“影响”影响结缔组织(包括血管)强度和弹性，affect指的是直接的有形力量作用于某事物使其发生变化，influence指的是通过说服或以实际行动树立榜样而对他人产生的影响。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1993年，当他住在英格兰西部的切尔滕纳姆时，他的医生告诉他，他心脏的主动脉太大了，除非进行大手术，否则它将不可避免地破裂。A. burn燃烧，消耗；B. bend弯曲；C. burst爆炸，爆裂；D. block阻塞，堵塞。根据常识和上文中的“his doctor told him that the aorta (主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably”可知，他的心脏主动脉被放大，会不可避免的导致“破裂”符合常识。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“他们讨论了手术方案，”戈尔斯沃西说，“我不感兴趣。手术看起来真的不吸引人。”A. talked about谈论；B. discussed about讨论；C. debated on辩论；D. mentioned about提及。根据上文中的“When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed ____1____ heart surgery in 1993, he said no.”以及下文中的“and I was not interested. The operation really didn’t look attractive.”可知，医生告诉过他需要进行挽救生命的心脏手术，Golesworthy 觉得手术看起来真的不吸引人，由此可知，此处指的是他们“讨论”手术方案。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须使用血液稀释剂，这可以防止血栓，但也会呈现它自己拥有的风险：“当时我骑摩托车；还有滑雪，所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。”A. How如何；B. Why为什么；C. It它；D. What什么。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，表示的是事情，所以使用连接代词what。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须使用血液稀释剂，这可以防止血栓，但也会呈现它自己拥有的风险：“当时我骑摩托车；还有滑雪，所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。”A. display陈列；B. avoid避免；C. present呈现；D. face面对。根据上文中的“____5____ he particularly didn’t like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots(血栓)”可知，他不喜欢的是手术后需要使用血液稀释剂，这可以防止血栓，结合but以及下文中的“its own risks”可知，虽然能防止血栓，但是会“呈现”它自己的风险。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须使用血液稀释剂，这可以防止血栓，但也会呈现它自己拥有的风险：“当时我骑摩托车；还有滑雪，所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。”A. would have been affected受影响；B. would be affected受影响；C. could have been affected受影响；D. could be affected可能受影响。结合语境以及上文中的“I was riding motorbikes then; and skiing”以及so可知，此处表示的是如果他那时候要是接受手术的话，将会对他的生活造成“影响”，所以应使用表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，could have done侧重表达的是本能做而未做的事情。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了2000年，他的病情恶化了。A. had changed改变；B. had recovered康复；C. had improved改善；D. had worsened恶化。根据上文中的“By 2000, however, his condition”以及下文中的“Realizing something had to be done”可知，however以及had to be done可知，此处表明，现在他的病情应该是“恶化”符合语境。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到必须采取一些措施，Golesworthy充分利用了他在英国国家煤炭局担任研发工程师的多年经验。A. hard work努力；B. experiments实验；C. experience经验；D. fruits果实。根据下文中的“as research-and-development engineer with the United Kingdom’s National Coal Board to good use.”可知，Golesworthy在英国国家煤炭局担任过研发工程师，由此可知，此处应指的是他在充分利用他担任研发工程师的多年的“经验”符合语境。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定修复自己。A. manage管理；B. handle处理；C. solve解决；D. repair修理，修复。根据上文中的“Realizing something had to be done, Golesworthy put his years of ____9____ as research-and-development engineer with the United Kingdom’s National Coal Board to good use.”可知，Golesworthy意识到自己要做些什么了，他要充分利用自己在英国国家煤炭局担任研发工程师的多年经验，由此可知，此处指的他要自己“修复”自己。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他认为，膨胀的主动脉很像膨胀的液压软管——需要外部支撑。A. internal内在的；B. surgical外科手术的；C. external外面的；D. spiritual精神上的。根据下文中的“And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta”可知，此处指的是它需要“外部的”支持。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在主动脉外部包裹一些东西需要进行侵入性较小的手术。A. check-up检查，核对；B. inspection视察，检查；C. test测试；D. operation手术。根据下文中的“The operation was ____15____ .”可知，此处指的是侵入性较小的“手术”符合语境。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坚定的决心，加上新颖而实用的解决方案，为他赢得了两位领先的心胸外科医生的支持，并帮助他筹集了资金来研发他的想法。A. imaginative想象力丰富的；B. original原始的，最初的；C. specialized专门的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文中的“yet practical solution won him the support of two leading cardiothoratic (心胸的) surgeons and helped him raise the money to ____14____ his idea.”可知，他的使用的解决问题的方法赢得了两位领先的心胸外科医生的支持，并帮助他筹集了资金来研发他的想法，由此可知，此处表示他的方法是“新颖的”而又使用的。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：坚定的决心，加上新颖而实用的解决方案，为他赢得了两位领先的心胸外科医生的支持，并帮助他筹集了资金来研发他的想法。A. change改变；B. develop发展；C. create创造；D. reshape重塑。根据上文中的““Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job,” Golesworthy says.”可知，Golesworthy说，学习新东西，提出新想法，这就是我的工作，由此可知，此处指的是“研发”他的想法。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术很成功。A. a hit一个轰动；B. a mess一场混乱；C. a pain一种疼痛；D. a success一个成功。根据上文中的“In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention, the Exo Vasc Personalised External Aortic Root Support.”可知，2004年5月，47岁的他成为了自己发明的Exo Vasc个性化主动脉根部外支架的小白鼠，由此可知，此处指的是手术“成功”符合语境。故选D项。
第二节：（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language, one of the most powerful ____56____(mean) of communication, uses the movements of our body to show our feelings and thoughts. Some body languages are ____57____ same throughout the world. For example, smiling shows happiness and puts people at ease, ____58____(nod) the head up and down is to say agreement, and shaking the head from side to side ____59____(suggest) refusal. ____60____, others are totally different. Take greetings for example. English people do not usually stand very close to others, while the Canadians approach others closely and are more likely ____61____(touch) them. Most people now greet each other by shaking hands ____62____ each other, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, ____63____ prefer to bow. ____64____(general) speaking, we ought to study international customs to avoid _____65_____(misunderstand).
【答案】56. means
57. the 58. nodding
59. suggests
60. However##Nevertheless
61. to touch
62. with 63. who
64. Generally
65. misunderstanding##misunderstandings
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了身体语言的重要性和一些身体语言动作的意义，其中有些动作在世界各地是通用的，比如微笑表示快乐，点头表示同意，摇头表示拒绝；有些动作则因文化差异而不同，比如不同文化的问候方式。因此，我们需要学习国际习惯，以避免误解。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：肢体语言是最强大的交流手段之一，它利用我们身体的动作来表达我们的感受和想法。句中one of+形容词最高级+名词复数为固定短语，以为“最……的……中之一”。此处mean为可数名词，意为“方式，手段”，此处表示复数意义。故填means。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有些肢体语言在全世界都是一样的。句中the same为固定短语，意为“相同的 ”。故填the。
58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，微笑表示快乐，使人放松，上下点头表示同意，左右摇头表示拒绝。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，故nod使用非谓语动词，此处使用动名词作主语。故填nodding。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词，根据前文的is以及句意可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为shaking the head，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填suggests。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，其他人则完全不同。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。根据句意，此处表示转折关系用however或者nevertheless。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：英国人通常不会站得离别人很近，而加拿大人则会靠近别人，更有可能触摸别人。句中be likely to do为固定短语，意为“有可能去做某事”。故填to touch。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在大多数人以握手的方式打招呼，但有些文化也使用其他的问候方式，比如日本人，他们更喜欢鞠躬。句中shake hands with sb为固定短语，意为“和某人握手”。故填with。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Japanese，为人，故使用who。故填who。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：一般而言，我们应该学习国际惯例以避免误解。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，generally speaking为固定短语，意为“一般而言”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Generally。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用misunderstand的名词misunderstanding作宾语，意为“误解”，其既为可数名词，也是不可数名词，当作为可数名词时，句中表示复数意义，用misunderstandings。故填misunderstanding/misunderstandings。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Paul想了解钟南山院士。你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据以下要点写一封回信：
1.出生于1936年，他致力于重大呼吸道传染病的研究、防治，并取得了重大成就。
2.在抗击SARS 和COVID-19的战役中，凭借着坚定的决心、奉献精神和无私精神，他发挥了重大的作用。
3.80岁高龄依然坚持在研究病毒斗争的前沿。
4.我们要向他学习，向他致敬！
参考词汇：respiratory infectious diseases 呼吸道传染病 salute sb 致敬
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Paul,
I’m glad to give you a brief introduction about Zhong Nanshan.
Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions. With determination, dedication and selflessness, he has played a significant role in the battle against SARS and COVID-19. Even if he is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus.
We must learn from him and salute him!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Paul想了解钟南山院士。你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据提示要点写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
疾病：disease→sickness
奉献：dedication→devotion
高兴的：glad→delighted
重要： significant→vital
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：We must learn from him and salute him!
拓展句：Not only must we learn from him, but also we should salute him!
【点睛】[高分句型1] Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions.(运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Even if he is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus. (运用了even if引导让步状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn’t see some rain soon we would lose everything.
I was in the kitchen making lunch for the family when I saw my six-year-old son, Billy, walking towards the woods. I could only see his back. He wasn’t walking in his usual way. He was obviously walking with a great effort, trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, towards the house.
Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow and purposeful step towards the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.
He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he carried. Branches and thorns slapped(拍打) his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leant against a tree to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.
Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer laying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap(舔着喝) the water cupped in my beautiful boy’s hand.
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
And later I knew what was going on.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house. My curiosity once again drove me to follow him back. After he reached the kitchen, he turned on the tap. As he was trying hard to cup both hands to receive the water, it was still running away through his fingers. And he also had great difficulty turning off the tap with hands occupied. He seemed to be so sorry for his wasting of water. Wearing a note of upset on his face, he carried it carefully towards the woods.
And later I knew what was going on. It began to make sense to me why he wasn’t walking in his usual way. I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart working so hard to save a life. As my tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops. . . and more drops. It was as if the nature itself was moved by the great effort made by my son and began to rain.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者发现自己的儿子奇怪地在树林和家之间往返，通过跟踪，作者终于发现了儿子是从家里捧水去树林救助缺水的小鹿。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当水没了，Billy跳起来跑回房子。”以及第二段首句内容“后来我才知道是怎么回事。”可知，第一段可描写作者跟着Billy回到家中，发现了Billy所做的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“后来我才知道是怎么回事。”可知，第二段可描写作者内心的感触。
2.续写线索：所在地区严重缺水——发现儿子用奇怪的走路姿势走向树林——片刻后，儿子又往家跑，相同的活动持续了一个多小时——感到非常奇怪，于是开始悄悄跟踪儿子——终于明白儿子是从家中取水送给树林中缺水的小鹿——非常感动于儿子所做的事情
3.词汇激活
行为类
①到达：reach/get to/arrive at
②做某事有困难：have difficulty doing sth./have trouble doing sth.
③开始：begin/start
情绪类
①烦恼：upset/annoyance
② 感动的：moved/touched
【点睛】【高分句型1】As he was trying hard to cup both hands to receive the water, it was still running away through his fingers.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】 It began to make sense to me why he wasn’t walking in his usual way.（运用了why引导的主语从句）江西省上饶市广信二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much should the woman pay if she buys two T-shirts
A. Eight dollars. B. Ten dollars. C. Twelve dollars.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman dislike about the building
A. Its design. B. Its position. C. Its neighborhood.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. In a shop. B. In a theater. C. In a children’s park.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about in general
A. An essay. B. Famous people. C. A tutor.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why will the man leave early
A. He is not feeling well.
B. He has to attend a meeting.
C He has a doctor’s appointment.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Who does the woman admire most
A. Her grandfather. B. Tu Youyou. C. Yuan Longping.
7. What was the man’s major
A. Music. B. Medicine. C. Math.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the woman do first
A. Create real conversations.
B. Get familiar with the given context.
C. Write the story in a different tone.
9. Which part should be paid more attention to according to the man
A. The setting. B. The plots. C. The characters.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the first thing the woman should remember
A. Speaking good English.
B. Writing an application letter.
C. Making a good first impression.
11. How can the woman become confident
A By practicing more times.
B. By making full preparations.
C. By asking somebody to keep her company.
12. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Having an interview.
B. Learning English words.
C. Building up confidence.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What makes the man confused
A. Why Roman Holiday was so famous.
B. Why Audrey Hepburn learned ballet.
C. Why so many girls adored Audrey Hepburn.
14. What prevented Audrey Hepburn from sticking to being a dancer
A. Her physical condition. B. Her interest in acting. C. Her financial condition.
15. What was Audrey Hepburn like in real life
A. Outgoing. B. Shy and quiet. C. Humorous and lovely.
16. Why did Audrey Hepburn love charity
A. She was influenced by her roles.
B. She thought children were her hope.
C. Her family once got help from a charity.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What did Jin Schofield do at the laboratory
A. She did voluntary work.
B. She worked as a translator.
C. She helped treat deaf people.
18. What did Jin Schofield share with her friend
A. Her idea about creating a device.
B. Her knowledge of sign language.
C. Her experience of learning a language.
19. How did Jin Schofield and her friend start their work
A. They worked with local professors
B. They communicated in sign language daily.
C. They took online machine learning courses.
20. When did Jin Schofield and her friend win $10,000
A. In 2019. B. In 2020. C. In 2021.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑
A
Garbage Disposers
John W. Hammes, an architect from Wisconsin, created the InSinkErator in 1935. Hammes got the idea after watching his wife spend time wrapping food in newspaper and throwing it out. The InSinkErator is a device, insalled under a kitcher sink (水槽). It tears food waste into pieces small enough to pass through the pipe.
Surgical Gloves
William Stewart Halsted, M.E, (1852-1922) was a well-known US surgeon who is often called the “Father of Modem Surgery”. Known for his strict adherence to sterile (无菌的) working conditions, Hasted invented rubber gloves that allowed his colleagues to lessen the transfer of germs during their work. Yet the initial reason why he created them is more romantic than you would think. Knowing Caroline, a nurse, suffered from ask in disease during her work, Halsted invented the gloves especially for her and gave them to her as a gift after their marriage.
Band-Aids
When Josephine Knight Dickson from New Jersey kept cutting herself while cooking for her family in the 1920s, her husband, Earle Dickson, stepped in. Dickson, a cotton buyer for Johnson & Johnson, according to the company’s website, decided to invent a temporary adhesive bandage for his wife. His creation became the Band-Aid we all know and use today.
Magnetic Shirt Buttons
Maura Horton’s husband, Don, was a football coach who had Parkinson’s disease. One day, after Don struggled to button his shirt before a game, Horton decided there needed to be a better clothing option for people suffering from a disability. So, Horton designed a shirt with magnetic buttons in 2012.These buttons will finally allow everyone to dress and undress themselves efficiently.
21. What’s the function of the InSinkErator
A. It can clear sink pipes.
B. It can recycle kitchen waste.
C. It can remove food waste easily.
D. It can make the service life of kitchen sinks longer.
22. What can we learn about William’s surgical gloves
A. They made William known worldwide.
B. They were used in the treatment of skin diseases.
C. They were originally designed for William’s wife.
D. They were invented with the aid of William’s colleagues.
23. What do the inventions have in common
A. They were designed to save time.
B. They were inspired by love.
C. They were created to change the world.
D. They were invented in the 20th century.
B
In Australia, as the world locked down to slow the tide of the Covid-19 outbreak, Dr. Daniel Reardon, an astrophysicist living in Melbourne, was admitted to hospital after getting four magnets (磁铁) stuck up his nose in an attempt to invent a device that stops people touching their faces during the coronavirus outbreak. Originally, Reardon, who despite his qualifications has by his own account really no experience or expertise in building circuits or things, planned to use his time creating a device that — worn as a necklace, with a powerful neodymium magnet worn on the wrist — would set off an alarm if you brought your hand too close to your face. However, it turned out that Reardon’s facility did the opposite. The necklace screams continuously unless you move your hand close to your face.
After this initial failure, it seems, lockdown boredom really set in. Reardon started playing with the magnets, clipping (夹住) them to his face and then to his nostril. Things went downhill pretty quickly when he clipped them to his other nostril.
He placed two magnets inside his nostrils, and two on the outside. When he removed the magnets from the outside of his nose, the two inside stuck together. He decided to Google the problem and found the solution was more magnets on the outside to offset the pull from the ones inside.
As he was pulling downwards to try and remove the magnets, they clipped on to each other and he lost his grip. And those two magnets ended up in his left nostril while the other one was in his right. At that point he ran out of magnets.
Ultimately, after some further struggles involving some pliers which became magnetized, Reardon was hospitalized — with his partner, who works at a hospital, taking him in because she wanted all her colleagues to laugh at him. After the magnets were successfully removed, Reardon received some medical notes which contained the phrase: “Denies difficulty breathing. Denies further magnets.”
24. Why did Reardon start his invention
A. To amuse himself. B. To remind wearers.
C. To stop covid-19. D. To kill time.
25 What resulted in Reardon’s unsuccessful attempt
A. He lacked qualifications. B. He was inexperienced.
C. He had no spare parts. D. He was fully occupied.
26. What can we learn from paragraphs 3 & 4
A. Each of Reardon’s nostrils had two magnets in.
B. It’s dangerous to play with neodymium magnets.
C. People tend to surf the Internet for their problems.
D. Reardon could have saved face with enough magnets.
27. What does Reardon’s partner think of magnets getting stuck in his nose
A Funny. B. Awkward. C. Boring. D. Creative.
C
The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Moungi G. Bawendi of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Louis E. Brus of Columbia University, and Alexei I. Ekimov of Nanocrystals Technology Inc. in New York for the discovery and development of quantum dots (量子点).
The three scientists each contributed to a fundamental discovery, according to officials from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, which awards several of the prizes each year. The work they’ve done has already led to new technology in television screens and bio-imaging.
Reached by phone during a press conference early Wednesday morning, Bawendi offered a stream of reactions: “Shocked. Sleepy. Very unexpected. And very honored.”
In a rare event, the winners’ names were leaked to the Swedish media before the official announcement. But Bawendi said he’d been sound asleep, so he didn’t hear anything about it.
Quantum dots are particles (粒子) that are so incredibly small that their size actually starts to affect their properties. For example, blue quantum dots and red quantum dots can be made from the exact same material, with the only difference being the size of the particle itself. (The blue quantum dots are smaller than red ones.)
In fact, changing the size can alter (改变) many different properties beyond just color, which means that quantum dots could be useful for a variety of applications, including building better solar panels and perhaps even creating fuel by using sunlight.
The three scientists will share the prize money of 11 million Swedish kronor (close to$995,000) in equal parts. This is the third science-focused Nobel Prize to be awarded this week. On Tuesday, the physics prize was awarded to Anne L’ Huillier, Pierre Agostini and Ferenc Krausz. And on Monday, Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman won the prize in physiology or medicine.
Officials plan to announce the literature prize on Thursday, followed by the peace prize on Friday. The economics prize will be awarded on Monday.
28. How did Bawendi feel when receiving the call early Wednesday morning
A. Angry. B. Surprised. C. Bored. D. Sorry.
29. What causes the difference in color between blue quantum dots and red ones
A. The size of the particles. B. The difference in materials.
C. The change in shapes. D. The variety of applications.
30. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 7 refer to
A. The 2023 Nobel Prize in physics. B. The 2023 Nobel Prize in medicine.
C. The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature. D. The 2023 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
31. What is the text
A. A short story. B. A diary entry. C. A news report. D. A research article.
D
Even if you are not into artificial intelligence, it is time to pay attention to ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot system that Open AI released to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can complete.
ChatGPT is built on top of the Open AI GPT-3 family of large language models. It lets you type natural-language clues and then offers conversational responses. It remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to form its next responses. It finds relevant information in its oceans of training data, and transforms that into texts.
You can ask it countless questions and often will get useful answers. For instance, you can ask it encyclopedic (百科知识的) questions like “Explain Newton’s laws of motion.” You can tell it “Write me a poem.” and when it does, say “Now make it more exciting.” You can ask it to write a computer program that will show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.
A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, completing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
Many people fear that ChatGPT might help students cheat better. But as many other technology developments, it is not a simple black-and-white situation. Decades ago, students could copy encyclopedia entries and use computers and more recently, they have been able to use search engines and Wikipedia. ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing your homework for you.
Dustin York, an associate professor at Maryville University, hopes educators will learn to use ChatGPT as a tool and realize it can help students think critically. “Educators thought that Google, Wikipedia, and the Internet itself would ruin education, but they did not.” York said. “What worries me most are educators who may actively try to discourage the recognition of AI like ChatGPT. It is a tool, not a villain (反派).”
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its language model. B. Its design inspiration. C. Its working principle. D. Its development process.
33. What is NOT part of ChatGPT’s function
A. Chat with users. B. Perform security checks.
C. Write a computer program. D. Do homework for students.
34. Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 4
A. To present the creativity of AI. B. To show the profit from ChatGPT.
C. To stress the popularity of ChatGPT. D. To compare social media apps with ChatGPT.
35. What is the best title of this text
A. ChatGPT — a useful AI tool B. Advanced AI — our loyal servant
C. ChatGPT — advantages and disadvantages D. A smart app — think twice before trusting it
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists Make Amazing Paint Using Ideas from Nature
The colors in most paints come from pigments(颜料)—colored things such as minerals, metals or chemicals. But nature has another way to create color, called “structural color”. Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells. ___36___ Now scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.
___37___ They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found super-small clumps of aluminum atoms(铝原子团块)on the surface. The researchers were upset because these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint.
All the color in the new paint comes from aluminum. There are tiny aluminum pieces and then even smaller nanoparticles(纳米颗粒)that create the colors. The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. ___38___
Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. ___39___ It would only take 1.3 kg of structural paint to do the same job.
___40___ In regular paints, pigments break down and fade over time. That’s not true for structural color. Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries. What’s more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. That’s true even for darker colors. The new paint can keep surfaces up to 16.6℃ cooler than normal paint. Using the paint on buildings in cities could help cool cities and reduce the electricity spent on air. conditioning.
A. The new paint has several other advantages.
B. Structural paint could save as much money as possible.
C. Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint.
D. The size of them determines which color gets reflected.
E. Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane.
F. Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small.
G. It will probably be a while before you can use structural color.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed ____41____ heart surgery in 1993, he said no. Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome (马凡氏综合症), a genetic condition ____42____ the strength and elasticity of connective body tissues, including blood vessels. Back in 1993, when he was living in Cheltenham, in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta (主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably ____43____ unless he underwent major surgery.
“They ____44____ the surgical options,” says Golesworthy, “and I was not interested. The operation really didn’t look attractive.” ____45____ he particularly didn’t like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots(血栓) but ____46____ its own risks: “I was riding motorbikes then; and skiing, so my whole lifestyle ____47____.” By 2000, however, his condition ____48____. Realizing something had to be done, Golesworthy put his years of ____49____ as research-and-development engineer with the United Kingdom’s National Coal Board to good use. He decided he would _____50_____ himself. “Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job,” Golesworthy says.
A bulging aorta, he thought, was much like bulging hydraulic hose (凸起的液压软管)—it needed _____51_____ support. And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a less invasive _____52_____. So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours of an MRI scanner; used 3D printing to create a physical copy of the faulty part of his heart (the aortic root); and then used soft, porous textile mesh (网眼织物) to make a sleeve to fit around it. “Luckily, I’d done a lot of work with technical textiles, looking at filters (过滤器) for flue gases (烟气) in coal-fire processes,” he says.
Sheer determination combined with a(n) _____53_____ yet practical solution won him the support of two leading cardiothoratic (心胸的) surgeons and helped him raise the money to _____54_____ his idea. In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention, the Exo Vasc Personalised External Aortic Root Support. The operation was _____55_____.
41. A. game-changing B. life-saving C. ground-break ng D. problem-solving
42. A. affecting B. contracting C. influencing D. causing
43. A. burn B. bend C. burst D. block
44. A. talked about B. discussed about C. debated on D. mentioned about
45. A. How B. Why C. It D. What
46. A. display B. avoid C. present D. face
47. A. would have been affected B. would be affected C. could have been affected D. could be affected
48. A. had changed B. had recovered C. had improved D. had worsened
49. A. hard work B. experiments C. experience D. fruits
50. A. manage B. handle C. solve D. repair
51. A. internal B. surgical C. external D. spiritual
52. A. check-up B. inspection C. test D. operation
53. A. imaginative B. original C. specialized D. flexible
54. A. change B. develop C. create D. reshape
55. A. a hit B. a mess C. a pain D. a success
第二节：（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language, one of the most powerful ____56____(mean) of communication, uses the movements of our body to show our feelings and thoughts. Some body languages are ____57____ same throughout the world. For example, smiling shows happiness and puts people at ease, ____58____(nod) the head up and down is to say agreement, and shaking the head from side to side ____59____(suggest) refusal. ____60____, others are totally different. Take greetings for example. English people do not usually stand very close to others, while the Canadians approach others closely and are more likely ____61____(touch) them. Most people now greet each other by shaking hands ____62____ each other, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, ____63____ prefer to bow. ____64____(general) speaking, we ought to study international customs to avoid _____65_____(misunderstand).
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Paul想了解钟南山院士。你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据以下要点写一封回信：
1.出生于1936年，他致力于重大呼吸道传染病的研究、防治，并取得了重大成就。
2.在抗击SARS 和COVID-19的战役中，凭借着坚定的决心、奉献精神和无私精神，他发挥了重大的作用。
3.80岁高龄依然坚持在研究病毒斗争的前沿。
4.我们要向他学习，向他致敬！
参考词汇：respiratory infectious diseases 呼吸道传染病 salute sb 致敬
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。续写词数应为150左右。
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn’t see some rain soon we would lose everything.
I was in the kitchen making lunch for the family when I saw my six-year-old son, Billy, walking towards the woods. I could only see his back. He wasn’t walking in his usual way. He was obviously walking with a great effort, trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, towards the house.
Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow and purposeful step towards the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.
He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill the water he carried. Branches and thorns slapped(拍打) his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leant against a tree to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.
Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them. I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer laying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap(舔着喝) the water cupped in my beautiful boy’s hand.
When the water was gone, Billy jumped up to run back to the house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
And later I knew what was going on.
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