高一英语月考试卷
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
2. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷(选择题)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much money will the man get back
A. $10. B. $ 4. C. $ 6.
2. What is the woman going to do next
A. Buy New Year’s gifts. B. Go to the library. C. Meet her parents.
3 What does the man want
A. Pig dolls. B. Ship models. C. Some chips.
4. What did the woman study at university
A. Journalism. B. Geography. C. International affairs.
5. Who is Cristina talking to
A. Her classmate. B. An eye doctor. C. Her father.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man dream of being
A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A journalist.
7. What will Barry be responsible for
A. Editing. B. Interviewing. C. Shooting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What was Tom doing during the earthquake
A. Crying. B. Escaping. C. Sleeping.
9. How was Tom when the earthquake took place
A. He was ill. B. He was helpless. C. He was frightened.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. When did the man finish his work
A At night. B. In the afternoon. C. At noon.
11. What does the woman ask the man to do tonight
A. Write an essay. B. Teach her history. C. Stop playing the piano.
12. How might the woman feel
A. Upset. B. Thankful. C. Curious.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Why does the woman need a job
A. To kill time. B. To gain experience. C. To earn money.
14. What should the woman do if she takes the job
A. Sort goods. B. Do the home delivery. C. Buy supplies.
15. What can we learn about the woman
A. She has no time for after-class activities.
B. She works hard at college.
C. She will graduate soon.
16. When does the shop open in the morning
A. At 9:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:00.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is Habitat for Humanity
A. A farm. B. An organization. C. A community.
18. Why did the Fullers found Habitat for Humanity
A. To make profits. B. To live a simple life. C. To provide shelter for the poor.
19. Who must take part in building Habitat houses
A. House owners. B. Local authorities. C. Building companies.
20. What do we know about Habitat houses
A. They are free. B. They are expensive. C. They are cheap.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here is a guide of what to watch in 2023.
Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One
Mission: Impossible film series has become one of the most popular action films. Even people with a limited appetite for action or Tom Cruise are often swept away by these films. The seventh chapter of the series, Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One, features even bigger stunts (特技表演) than ever before. Writer-director Christopher McQuarrie of the sixth film Mission: Impossible — Fallout is back for Dead Reckoning, which will arrive in two parts, this summer and next.
When: July 12
Elemental
If Pixar Animation Studios’ digitizers could bring emotions to vivid life in Inside Out, imagine what they can do for more physical substances like Air, Earth, Fire and Water. And if a friendship should blossom where co-existence appears a little tricky, what better way to make a case for folks learning to get along.
When: Aug. 19
The Last Voyage of the Demeter
Even if you think the story of Dracula has been done to death — or undeath, technically — the makers of this film found a new way in by cutting down the thinnest slice of Bram Stoker’s novel, namely, the chapter that takes place on the ship that, unknown to its crew, is transporting Dracula to England. Things don’t go well. Put it that way: This high-seas horror, directed by André vredal, has a lot of fun with different creatures.
When: Aug. 11
Being Mary Tyler Moore
With her sunny smile, humor and modest style, Mary Tyler Moore became a situation comedy queen with a 60-year career in TV, stage and film. HBO’s film reflects the reality of her life, including struggles against diseases. At times, the narrative is a bit too careful, content to only indicate the darker side of a performer.
When: May 26
1. What can we know about Dead Reckoning Part One
A. It is an action film as well as a horror.
B. Its second part will be filmed this summer.
C. It records Tom Cruise’s life on a ship to England.
D. It shares the same director with Mission: Impossible — Fallout.
2. Which film is most suitable for children to watch
A. Elemental.
B. Being Mary Tyler Moore.
C. The Last Voyage of the Demeter.
D. Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One.
3. What makes Being Mary Tyler Moore special
A. It was produced 60 years ago. B. It tells of a true person's life.
C. It reveals the dark side of society. D. It was directed by Mary Tyler Moore.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部电影的内容以及放映时间。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One部分的最后一句“Writer-director Christopher McQuarrie of the sixth film Mission: Impossible — Fallout is back for Dead Reckoning, which will arrive in two parts, this summer and next.(第六部电影《碟中谍6：全面瓦解》的编剧兼导演克里斯托弗·麦奎里回归了《致命清算》，这部电影将分为两部分，分别在今年夏天和明年夏天上映)”可知，这两部电影是同一个导演的作品。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Elemental部分的“If Pixar Animation Studios’ digitizers could bring emotions to vivid life in Inside Out, imagine what they can do for more physical substances like Air, Earth, Fire and Water. And if a friendship should blossom where co-existence appears a little tricky, what better way to make a case for folks learning to get along.(如果皮克斯动画工作室的数字化人员可以在《头脑特工队》中把情感生动地带入生活，想象一下他们可以为更多的物理物质，如空气、地球、火和水做什么。如果一段友谊应该在共存看起来有点棘手的地方开花结果，还有什么更好的办法让人们学会相处呢？)”可知，这部动画电影讲述了不同的人是如何相处并成为朋友的，因此这部影片有教育意义，适合儿童观看。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Being Mary Tyler Moore 部分的“HBO’s film reflects the reality of her life, including struggles against diseases.(HBO的这部电影反映了她的真实生活，包括与疾病作斗争)”可知，让Being Mary Tyler Moore很特别的是它讲述了喜剧女王Mary Tyler Moore的真实生活。故选B。
B
Finland was known as a rather quiet country. Since 2008, the Country Brand Delegation (国家品牌代表团) has been looking for a national brand that would make some noise to market the country as a world-famous tourist destination. In 2010, the Delegation issued a “Country Brand Report,” which highlighted a host of marketable themes, including Finland’s famous educational system. One key theme was brand new: silence. As the report explained, modern society often seems intolerably loud and busy. “Silence is a resource,” it said.
Silence first appeared in scientific research as a control or baseline, against which scientists compare the effects of noise or music. Researchers have mainly studied it by accident, as physician Luciano Bernardi did in his study of the physiological (生理学) effects of music. “We didn’t think about the effect of silence,” he said. Bernardi observed two dozen test subjects while they listened to six musical tracks. He found that the impacts of music could be read directly in the bloodstream, via changes in blood pressure, carbon dioxide, and circulation in the brain. “During almost all sorts of music, there was a physiological change with a condition of arousal (兴奋),” he explained.
This effect made sense, given that active listening requires attention. But the more striking finding appeared between musical tracks. Bernardi and his colleagues discovered that randomly added stretches of silence also had a great effect, but in the opposite direction. In fact, two-minute silent pauses proved far more relaxing than either “relaxing” music or a longer silence played before the experiment started. The blank pauses that Bernardi had considered irrelevant, in other words, became the most interesting object of study. Silence seemed to be heightened by contrasts, maybe because it gave test subjects a release from careful attention. “Perhaps the arousal is something that concentrates the mind in one direction, so that when there is nothing more arousing, then you have deeper relaxation,” he said.
This finding is reinforced by neurological (神经系统的) research. Relevant research shows when our brains rest quietly, they integrate external and internal information into “a conscious (意识的) workspace.” Freedom from noise and goal-directed tasks, it appears, unites the quiet without and within, allowing our conscious workspace to do its thing to discover where we fit in.
Noora Vikman, a consultant on silence for Finland’s marketers, knows silence well. Living in a remote and quiet place in Finland, she discovers thoughts and feelings that aren’t detectable in her busy daily life. “If you want to know yourself, you have to be with yourself, and discuss with yourself, and be able to talk with yourself.”
4. Why does the author mention the Country Brand Report in Paragraph 1
A. To present how Finland viewed silence.
B. To highlight the need of noise in Finland.
C. To explain why Finland issued the brands.
D. To indicate the authority of the Delegation.
5. What can be inferred about Luciano Bernardi’s discovery
A. It challenged the calming effect of music.
B. It emphasized the role of silence between sounds.
C. It illustrated the loss of attentiveness after silence.
D. It stated brains’ information processing in the quiet.
6. As for Noora Vikman’s attitude to silence, the author is ________.
A. doubtful B. supportive C. disapproving D. unconcerned
7. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Silence: A Limited Resource B. Silence: A Misunderstood Tool
C. Silence: The Unexpected Power D. Silence: The Value by Contrasts
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以“安静的状态有着意想不到的力量”为话题，详细讲述了研究人员对其重要作用的研究和发现，且通过人们的真实感受强调了安静给人带来的出人意料的好处。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章第一段内容可知，首句“Finland was known as a rather quiet country.(芬兰是一个相当安静的国家。)”为该段的主旨句，由此可推知，“In 2010, the Delegation issued a “Country Brand Report,” which highlighted a host of marketable themes, including Finland’s famous educational system. One key theme was brand new: silence.(2010年，代表团发布了一份“国家品牌报告”，其中突出了一系列适销对路的主题，包括芬兰著名的教育体系。一个关键主题是全新的：安静。)”中提到的关键主题为“安静”，是为该段的主旨句提供论据，突出“安静”是芬兰的主题之一，因此它的作用是通过权威发布而展示芬兰如何看待安静。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Silence seemed to be heightened by contrasts, maybe because it gave test subjects a release from careful attention. ‘Perhaps the arousal is something that concentrates the mind in one direction, so that when there is nothing more arousing, then you have deeper relaxation,’ he said.(安静似乎在对比中得到了加强，也许是因为它让测试对象从仔细的关注中得到了释放。他说：“也许这种兴奋是一种将思想集中在一个方向上的东西，所以当没有更多的兴奋时，你会有更深的放松。”)”可知，通过研究，他发现了安静作为声音间隔时对测试对象有很大的影响，与声音对比下的安静反而让人有更深的放松。由此可推知，他的发现强调了安静在声音之间的作用。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾部分作者引用Noora Vikman的话“If you want to know yourself, you have to be with yourself, and discuss with yourself, and be able to talk with yourself. (如果你想了解自己，你必须和自己在一起，和自己讨论，并且能够和自己交谈。)”可知，Noora Vikman通过住在一个偏僻安静的地方亲身感受到了安静独处才能认识自己，找到自己，这是与作者上一段的论述“Freedom from noise and goal-directed tasks, it appears, unites the quiet without and within, allowing our conscious workspace to do its thing to discover where we fit in.(似乎，远离噪音和目标导向的任务，将内外的宁静结合在一起，让我们有意识的工作空间去发现我们适合的地方。)”相一致。由此可推知，对于Noora Vikman对安静的态度，作者是支持赞同的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，文章首段末尾通过引述的方法揭示了文章的主旨，“As the report explained, modern society often seems intolerably loud and busy. ‘Silence is a resource,’ it said.(正如报告所解释的那样，现代社会似乎常常喧闹繁忙到令人无法忍受。“安静是一种资源，”它说。)”，即，文章主要围绕“安静是一种资源”这一话题进行讲述，并在后文段落通过介绍相关研究及真人实例的感受强调了安静的强大力量。选项C“Silence: The Unexpected Power(安静：没有料想到的力量)”贴合主旨。故选C项。
C
Consider these facts: The tennis champion Williams sisters are a generation apart, according to the Pew Research Center. Venus, born in 1980, is labelled “Gen X”; Serena, born in 1981, is a “millennial”. Meanwhile, Donald Trump and Michelle Obama both belong to the same generation. The former was born in 1946 while the latter was born in 1964, making them both “baby boomers”.
Before you push these diverse personalities into generational stereotypes (刻板印象), let me stop you there: Just don’t. Generation labels, although widely adopted by the public, have no basis in social reality. In fact, in one recent survey, most people did not identify the correct generation for themselves, even when they were shown a list of options.
This is not surprising since the labels are forced by survey researchers, journalists or marketing firms before the identities they are supposed to describe even exist. Instead of asking people which group they identify with and why, they just declare the labels and start making pronouncements about them. That’s not how social identity works.
The practice of naming “generations” based on birth year goes back at least to the supposed “lost-generation” of the late 19th century. But as the tradition slid into a never-ending competition to be the first to propose the next name that sticks, it has produced gradually declining returns to social science and the public understanding.
The supposed boundaries between generations are no more meaningful than the names they’ve been given. There is no research identifying the appropriate boundaries between generations, and there is no statistical basis for requiring the sweeping character traits (特征) that are believed to define them. In one article you might read that millennials are “liberal lions”, “downwardly mobile”, and “distrustful”; even though they also “get along well with their parents, respect their elders and work well with colleagues”.
Ridiculous, clearly. But what’s the harm Aren’t these labels just a bit of fun for writers A method to attract readers and a way of communicating generational change, which no one would deny is a real phenomenon We, in academic social science, study and teach social change, but we don’t study and teach these labels because they simply aren’t real. And in social science, reality still matters.
Worse than irrelevant, such baseless labels drive people toward stereotyping and thoughtless character judgment. Measuring and describing social change is essential, and it can be useful to analyze the historical period in which people were born and raised, but drawing random lines between birth years and assigning names to them doesn’t help.
Today there are lots of good alternatives to label generations. We can simply describe people by the decade in which they were born and define generational groups specifically related to a particular issue—such as 2020 school kids. With the arrival of “Generation Z”, there has never been a better time to get off this train.
8. What do the facts listed in Paragraph 1 imply
A. Different people have different opinions about generation labels.
B. People with the same generation label may not be of similar age.
C. Generational change can be measured by generation labels.
D. Generation labels are widely adopted by celebrities.
9. The underlined word “sticks” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A. is understood B. is analyzed C. is described D. is accepted
10. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______.
A. the generation label is a harmless device writers use to reflect reality
B. generation boundaries are more meaningful than generation labels
C. assigning character traits to a certain generation is misguided
D. journalists should find alternative ways to judge character
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Generation labels: It’s high time to retire them
B. Generation labels: The ongoing debate will never end
C. Generation labels: What do they say about who we are
D. Generation labels: Expand or bridge generational differences
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了代际标签的制定，说明代际标签具有不可靠性，给一代人贴标签，有很多好的替代选择。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Meanwhile, Donald Trump and Michelle Obama both belong to the same generation. The former was born in 1946 while the latter was born in 1964, making them both “baby boomers”.”（同时，唐纳德·特朗普和米歇尔·奥巴马都属于同一代人。前者出生于1946年，而后者出生于1964年，他们都属于“婴儿潮一代”。）可知，具有同一代标签的人可能年龄不同。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“But as the tradition slid into a never-ending competition to be the first to propose the next name”（但是，随着这一传统滑向一场无休止的要成为第一个提出下一个名字的竞争，）以及“it has produced gradually declining returns to social science and the public understanding.”（社会科学和公众理解的回报率逐渐下降。）可知，句中the next name指的是为下一代取的名字，即可以被接受的一个名字，推测划线单词表示“接受”，与is accepted同义。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Before you push these diverse personalities into generational stereotypes (刻板印象), let me stop you there: Just don’t.”（在你将这些不同的性格推入代际刻板印象之前，让我在这里阻止你：不要这样做。）以及第六段“We, in academic social science, study and teach social change, but we don’t study and teach these labels because they simply aren’t real. And in social science, reality still matters.”（在学术社会科学中，我们研究和教授社会变革，但我们不研究和教授这些标签，因为它们根本不是真实的。在社会科学中，现实仍然很重要。）可知，作者不同意将不同的性格推入代际刻板印象，认为代际标签是不真实的，可能同意将性格特征分配给某一代是错误的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要说明了代际标签的制定以及一些代际标签制定的发展，说明了代际标签具有不可靠性，给一代人贴标签，有很多好的替代选择，所以“时代标签：是时候让它们退役了”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
D
Elizabeth Spelke, a cognitive (认知的) psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world's most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.
Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies — or adults, for that matter — learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We're not sure what to aim for.
Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machine eclipsing human cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.
To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.” Chollet posed a set of problems, each of which requires an AI programme to arrange colored squares on a grid (格栅) based on just a few prior examples. It’s not hard for a person. But modern machine-learning programmes-trained on huge amounts of data — cannot learn from so few examples.
Josh Tenenbaum, a professor in MIT's Center for Brains, Minds & Machines, works closely with Spelke and uses insights from cognitive science as inspiration for his programmes. He says much of modern AI misses the bigger picture, comparing it to a cartoon about a two-dimensional world populated by simple geometrical (几何形的) people. AI programmes will need to learn in new ways — for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. “At some point — you know, if you’re intelligent — you realize maybe there's something else out there,” he says.
12. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at _______________.
A. labeling images B. identifying locations
C. playing games D. making adjustments
13. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Stimulating. B. Measuring. C. Beating. D. Limiting.
14 Both Francois Chollet and Josh Tenenbaum may agree that _______________.
A. AI is good at finding similar patterns
B. AI should gain abilities with less training
C. AI lacks the ability of generalizing a skill
D. AI will match humans in cognitive ability
15. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. What is exactly intelligence
B. Why is modern AI advanced
C. Where is human intelligence going
D. How do humans tackle the challenge of AI
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过比较人工智能和人类的智能，想要告诉我们——什么是真正的智力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.( 他们开始懂得如何适应陌生的环境)”可知，与高级人工智能程序相比，婴儿可能更善于做出调整。故选D。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. (在以超快的速度与自己对弈数千场，并从获胜位置中学习之后，阿尔法零独立地发现了几种著名的国际象棋策略，甚至发明了新的策略)”可推知，阿尔法零超越了人类的认知能力，所以划线单词“eclipsing”的意思是“超过，胜过”，划线句意是：它看起来确实像是一台超越人类认知能力的机器。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty. (一位强大的人类棋手展示的不仅是下棋的能力，还有完成任何类似难度任务的潜力)”和最后一段“AI programmes will need to learn in new ways — for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. (人工智能程序将需要以新的方式学习——例如，通过得出因果推论，而不是简单地寻找模式)”可推知， Francois Chollet 和Josh Tenenbaum可能同意人工智能缺乏一种技能的泛化能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第二段“Yet even experts like Spelke don't understand precisely how babies — or adults, for that matter — learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We’re not sure what to aim for. (然而，即使是像斯皮尔克这样的专家也不能确切地理解婴儿——或成人——是如何学习的。这一差距指向了现代人工智能的一个核心难题:我们不确定该以什么为目标)”可知，本文讲述了所谓真正的智力到底是什么。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2分，满分 10 分)
短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Approximately 40 percent adults and 19 percent children in the US are obese (肥胖的). Obese people are at increased risk of many serious diseases, including high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease. ___16___ If you are suffering from these, here’s a way of losing weight that you can try.
Dietary “self-monitoring” is a common strategy that people use to lose weight. ___17___The theory is that when thinking of what you put in your body, you’ll make healthier decisions. Can it really be that easy There’s no doubt that dietary self-monitoring has been shown to help lose weight. ___18___
Recently, researchers studied obese individuates in otherwise good health who participated in a 24- week weight control program where they recorded their daily dietary intake using an online program. The findings demonstrated that people who continued to record their food intake daily for 24 weeks lost more weight compared to those who quit noting their intake. ___19___ In comparison, those who recorded less than 2 times daily lost less weight.
Researchers found the more often people logged what they ate, the more weight they might lose. They noted people might have greater success with weight loss if they recorded their dietary intake about three times a day, rather than recording all of their meals in one sitting.
___20___ Dietary self-monitoring can be performed in different ways — using an online program, using a pencil or using smartphone applications, so it is important to find what works for you.
A. Luckily, obesity can be treated by recording your meals.
B. It involves recording what they consume, and how much.
C. A good principle to follow may be “write when you bite”.
D. Obesity is also associated with a lower life quality and poor mental health.
E. Using an electronic system, researchers were able to see what people were doing.
F. However, not much is known about how long this takes or how often it should be done.
G. People who lost at least 10 percent of their weight recorded their food intake about 3 times a day.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种减肥的方法——饮食监控策略。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Obese people are at increased risk of many serious diseases, including high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease. (肥胖者患许多严重疾病的风险增加，包括高血压、糖尿病和心脏病)”以及下文“If you are suffering from these, here’s a way of losing weight that you can try. (如果你正遭受这些痛苦，这里有一种减肥的方法，你可以尝试一下)”可推断，设空处应该继续说肥胖者受到的一些危害或者影响，D选项“肥胖还与较低的生活质量和较差的心理健康有关。”符合题意，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Dietary “self-monitoring” is a common strategy that people use to lose weight. (饮食“自我监控”是人们减肥的常用策略)”可推测，下文是说策略的内容的，B选项“它包括记录他们消耗了什么，以及多少。”符合题意，并且选项中的It指代上文的Dietary “self-monitoring”，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The theory is that when thinking of what you put in your body, you’ll make healthier decisions. Can it really be that easy There’s no doubt that dietary self-monitoring has been shown to help lose weight. (理论是，当你考虑吃什么时，你会做出更健康的决定。真的那么容易吗？毫无疑问，饮食自我监控已被证明有助于减肥)”可知，下文应该继续说饮食自我监控的相关信息，F选项“然而，对于这需要多长时间或应该多久做一次，我们所知甚少。”符合题意和语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“The findings demonstrated that people who continued to record their food intake daily for 24 weeks lost more weight compared to those who quit noting their intake. (研究结果表明，连续24周每天记录食物摄入量的人比不再记录摄入量的人减肥效果更好)”和下文“In comparison, those who recorded less than 2 times daily lost less weight. (相比之下，那些每天记录少于2次的人减重较少)”可知，设空处仍然讲述的是其他频次记录摄入量和减重的关系，G选项“减掉至少10%体重的人每天记录大约3次食物摄入量。”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
设空处为本段的主题句。根据下文“Dietary self-monitoring can be performed in different ways — using an online program, using a pencil or using smartphone applications, so it is important to find what works for you. (饮食自我监控可以通过不同的方式进行——使用在线程序，使用铅笔或使用智能手机应用程序，所以找到适合你的方法很重要)”可知，本段说的是无论用什么样的方式，都要进行记录，C选项“一个可以遵循的好原则可能是“吃一口就要写下来。”符合题意，故选C。
第三部分 英语知识应用
第一节 完形填空(共 20小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分30分)
People have been told to stay separated — at least six feet apart and to practice ___21___ state and local officials call “social distancing”. Some have been asked to work at home. But as people try to slow the spread of the ___22___ coronavirus, the resulting chaos and fear are bringing both large and small communities ___23___.
Simple acts of kindness are sprouting up online and in public, as neighbors, students, teachers, and others begin to ___24___ those who can pass this long and isolated time smoothly, and the people who may not have the means to ___25___.
For Jesse Farren-James, ___26___ out has taken the form of organizing trips to the supermarkets for supplies, and use of her membership card if anyone needs to buy large quantities. She ___27___ the offer in a Facebook group for the community residents (居民), and some people came and ___28___ to her. “I just feel so lucky ___29___ I have so many people in my life to rely on and so sad that not everyone has that,” she wrote in the group. In another interview, Farren-James said the “community is coming together” and “there are so many good and amazing people ____30____ to help others”.
Also, parents in Dorchester have gathered together online. In a Facebook group called DotParents, parents have been raising money to buy food and supplies for students and families in the community. Lisa Graustein has been organizing this activity. On Thursday, she used the more than $2,000 ____31____ by neighbors to purchase food in a restaurant supply company. A group of volunteers ____32____ the food and planned to distribute to schools for those who may need it.
“Food ____33____ is real in our city and this crisis is going to be ____34____.” Graustein said. “But here’s something we can do to deal ____35____ with the hard time.” This idea is spreading. She said friends in four ____36____ states had been running similar campaigns. Next, she wants to find a way to get landlords (房东) to ____37____ abandon rent for residents in ____38____ difficulties because of the outbreak.
As our president Xi said, we want to build ____39____ community, everyone should get ____40____ during the pandemic.
21.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
22.
A. novel B. new C. old D. creative
23.
A. tighter B. closer C. narrower D. wider
24.
A. break B. connect C. support D. help
25.
A. get through B. get off C. get on D. get in
26.
A. helping B. help C. to help D. helps
27.
A. post B. posts C. posted D. postted
28.
A. turned B. referred C. talked D. asked
29
A. as B. that C. which D. then
30.
A. offering B. giving C. refusing D. carrying
31.
A. started B. raised C. provided D. found
32.
A. packed B. unpacked C. displayed D. collected
33.
A. increase B. shortage C. decrease D. supplies
34.
A. flexible B. severe C. easing D. relaxing
35.
A. worse B. better C. more D. farther
36.
A. others B. the other C. other D. another
37.
A. continually B. temporarily C. consistently D. generally
38.
A. economy B. economical C. financial D. finance
39.
A. shared B. offered C. followed D. fitted
40.
A. protected B. recognized C. disturbed D. annoyed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情期间，简单的善举在网上和公共场所如雨后春笋般涌现，人们纷纷帮助那些需要帮助的人。
【21题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：人们被告知要保持距离——至少相距六英尺，并实行州和地方官员所说的“社交距离”。A. which哪一个，哪一些，在宾语从句中作主语、表语、宾语等，且有选择含义；B. what什么，……的事物，在宾语从句中作主语、表语、宾语等；C. that在宾语从句中不充当成分且无词义；D. where在哪里，在宾语从句中作地点状语。分析句子结构空处引导一个宾语从句，作practice的宾语，且从句中缺少call的宾语，这里表示“什么”，应用what引导。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当人们试图减缓新型冠状病毒的传播时，由此产生的混乱和恐惧正在拉近大小社区的距离。A. novel新的，新颖的；B. new新的；C. old旧的，老的；D. creative创造性的。novel coronavirus意为“新型冠状病毒”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. tighter更紧的，更紧密的；B. closer更亲密的，更接近，更靠近；C. narrower更狭窄的；D. wider更宽的，更充分地。But前后之前是转折关系。前文“People have been told to stay separated — at least six feet apart and to practice ___1___state and local officials call ‘social distancing’.(人们被告知要保持距离——至少相距六英尺，并实行州和地方官员所说的‘社交距离’。)”讲述了人们被要求保持距离，所以这里应是说大小社区之间变得更加紧密，应用副词closer修饰动词bringing。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着邻居、学生、老师和其他人开始将那些能够顺利度过这段漫长而孤立的时间的人与那些可能无法度过的人联系起来，简单的善举正在网上和公共场合涌现。A. break（使）破，裂；B. connect（使）连接；C. support支持；D. help帮助。根据句中的“Simple acts of kindness are sprouting up online and in public”和空后的“those who can pass this long and isolated time smoothly, and the people who may not have the means to ___5___”可知，新冠疫情爆发后，许多人做好事，将那些能够顺利度过困难时光与那些可能无法度过的人联系起来。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. get through度过，熬过；B. get off下车；C. get on上车；D. get in进入，到达。根据句中的“pass this long and isolated time smoothly”可知，这里是说没有办法度过这段漫长而孤立的时间的人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：对Jesse Farren-James来说，帮助的形式是组织去超市购买物资，如果有人需要大量购买，可以使用她的会员卡。A. helping帮助，为动词的现在分词和动名词形式；B. help帮助，为动词原形；C. to help帮助，为动词不定式；D. helps帮助，为动词的第三人称单数形式。分析句子结构，___6___out在句中作主语，且这里表示一般性的动作，所以应用动名词作主语。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：她在一个面向社区居民的Facebook群组中发布了这一提议，一些人来向她求助。A. post张贴，发布，邮寄，为动词原形；B. posts张贴，发布，邮寄，为动词的第三人称单数单数形式；C. posted张贴，发布，邮寄，为动词的过去式和过去分词形式；D. postted形式不正确。根据上下文和句中的came可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. turned (to)向……寻求帮助（或指教）；B. referred (to)提到，谈及；C. talked (to)对……谈话；D. asked询问，请求，其后不跟介词to。根据上文中的“organizing trips to the supermarkets for supplies, and use of her membership card if anyone needs to buy large quantities”可知，她向人们提供帮助，所以一些人向她求助。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她在群里写道：“我感到很幸运，我的生活中有这么多人可以依靠，也很难过，不是每个人都有。”A. as当……时，因为，照……方式，尽管，引导时间、原因、方式和让步状语从句，不可引导宾语从句；B. that在宾语从句中不充当成分且无词义；C. which哪一个，哪一些，在宾语从句中作主语、表语、宾语等，且有选择含义；D. then然后，那时，为副词。分析句子结构，空处引导一个宾语从句，且从句中的结构和意义完整，所以应用that引导。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在另一次采访中，Farren-James表示，“社区正在团结起来，有很多善良而了不起的人主动帮助他人”。A. offering主动提出，自愿给予；B. giving给；C. refusing拒绝；D. carrying运送。根据句中的“community is coming together”和空前的“so many good and amazing people”可知，社区团结起来，许多善良而了不起的人主动帮助他人。offer to do sth.意为“主动做某事”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周四，她用邻居筹集的2000多美元在一家餐厅供应公司购买了食物。A. started开始；B. raised募集；C. provided提供；D. found发现。根据前文中的“raising money”和空前的“the more than $2,000”以及空后的“by neighbors”可知，邻居们募集了2000多美元。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群志愿者打包了食物，并计划将其分发给学校，供可能需要的人食用。A. packed收拾，打包；B. unpacked打开（箱、包等）取；C. displayed陈列，展出；D. collected收集，采集。前文“she used the more than $2,000 ___11___by neighbors to purchase food in a restaurant supply company”讲她购买了食物，所以这里应是说志愿者们将这些食物打包并分发。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Graustein说：“我们的城市确实存在粮食短缺，这场危机将非常严重。”A. increase增加；B. shortage不足，缺少；C. decrease减少；D. supplies供应量，补给品。根据句中的“this crisis”可知，这里指食物短缺。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. flexible灵活的；B. severe十分严重的；C. easing缓解，为ease的现在分词和动名词形式；D. relaxing令人放松的。结合前文“A group of volunteers 12 the food and planned to distribute to schools for those who may need it.”和后文“But here’s something we can do to deal 15 with the hard time.”可知这场危机很严重，人们都在努力应对。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们可以做一些事情来更多地应对困难时期。A. worse糟糕地；B. better更好地；C. more更多；D. farther更远。根据句中的“here’s something we can do”可知，有一些我们可以做的事情，以便更多地应对困难时期。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：她说，其他四个州的朋友也在开展类似的活动。A. others其他人或物；B. the other（指两个人或事物中的第二个）那个，另一个；C. other另外，其他；D. another另一，再一。根据空前的four和空后的states可知，这里表示四个另外的州，表示泛指，所以应用other，作定语修饰states。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来，她想找到一种方法，让房东暂时放弃因疫情爆发而陷入财务困难的居民的租金。A. continually连续地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. consistently始终如一地；D. generally普遍地。根据空后的“abandon rent for residents”并结合常识可知，她想劝房东暂时不收租客的房租。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. economy经济，经济情况；B. economical经济的，实惠的；C. financial财务的；D. finance资金。根据空后的difficulties可知，这里表示财务困难。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如我们的国家主席习近平所说，我们希望建立一个共享的社区，每个人都应该在疫情期间得到保护。A. shared分享的，共享的；B. offered提供的；C. followed被跟随的；D. fitted合适的。根据空后的community并结合常识可知，这里是说一个共享的社区。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. protected保护；B. recognized认出；C. disturbed打扰，干扰；D. annoyed使生气。根据空后的“during the pandemic”并结合上文讲述了许多人做出善举帮助那些在疫情中有困难的人可知，这里是说每个人都应该在疫情中得到保护。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题，共50分)
第三部分 英语知识应用
第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese oracle-bone inscriptions (甲骨文) were included in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register.
Oracle-bone inscriptions are the ___41___ (early) documentary evidence found in China, unearthed from the Yin ruins in Anyang City, Henan Province. These inscriptions provide ___42___ (record) of divination (占卜) and prayers to gods from people in ___43___ late Shang Dynasty. Over the years, oracle-bone inscriptions ___44___ (develop) into modern-day Chinese characters, ___45___ (show) the continuous evolution of Chinese civilization. Oracle bones serve ___46___ important materials for studying the long-standing and brilliant Chinese civilization.
The Memory of the World Programme, ___47___ (establish) by UNESCO in 1992, aims to rescue the ___48___ (gradual) worsening and disappearing documentary heritage in the world, to strengthen protection and utilization (利用) to raise public awareness of the significance of documentary heritage. The program takes place every two years, and last time, China’s ___49___ (submit) of “Archives of the Nanjing Massacre” was included. So far, China has already had many examples of documentary heritage, ___50___ were included in the Memory of the World Register.
【答案】41. earliest
42. records
43. the 44. have developed
45. showing
46. as 47. established
48. gradually
49. submission
50. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了甲骨文被列入“世界记忆名录”的相关情况和意义。
【41题详解】
考查最高级。句意：甲骨文是中国发现的最早的文献证据，出土于河南省安阳市的殷墟。空前有the，空格处用最高级earliest，故填earliest。
【42题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：这些碑文记载了商代晚期人们对神灵的占卜和祈祷。record是可数名词，意为“记录”，有很多，因此空格处用复数，故填records。
【43题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：这些碑文记载了商代晚期人们对神灵的占卜和祈祷。in the late Shang Dynasty意为“在商代晚期”，因此空格处是定冠词the，故填the。
【44题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，甲骨文发展成为现代汉字，显示了中华文明的不断演变。由Over the years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语inscriptions是复数，因此空格处是have developed。故填have developed。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，甲骨文发展成为现代汉字，显示了中华文明的不断演变。句中谓语是have developed，空格处用非谓语动词，oracle-bone inscriptions和show之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填showing。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：甲骨文是研究悠久灿烂的中华文明的重要资料。serve as是固定短语，意为“作为，充当”，因此空格处是介词as，故填as。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：世界记忆项目是联合国教科文组织于1992年设立的，旨在拯救世界上日益恶化和消失的文献遗产，加强对文献遗产的保护和利用，提高公众对文献遗产重要性的认识。句中谓语是aims，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填established。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：世界记忆项目是联合国教科文组织于1992年设立的，旨在拯救世界上日益恶化和消失的文献遗产，加强对文献遗产的保护和利用，提高公众对文献遗产重要性的认识。空格处用副词gradually修饰动词worsening and disappearing，gradually意为“逐渐”。故填gradually。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：该项目每两年举行一次，上次，中国提交的“南京大屠杀档案”被包括在内。China’s后要跟名词，submit的名词是submission，意为“提交”，是不可数名词，故填submission。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：到目前为止，中国已经有了许多被列入世界记忆名录的文献遗产。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词examples是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10小题;每小题 1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文。请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。
With summer vacation around the corner, some students just can’t contain our excitement, because it is the best season to go swimming. Although swimming is a good kind of exercise that help us keep healthy, but it can also be very dangerous sometimes. Here is some advices for you. Firstly, you are not allowed swim alone in the river. It would be better to go with your parents. Next, you should do some warm-up exercises after getting into the water, that will reduce the risk of getting into trouble. Lastly, you’d better not swim for too long, or you will feel too tiring. Kept this in mind, you will have a safely holiday.
【答案】1. our→their
2. help→helps
3. 删除but
4. advices→advice
5. swim前加上to
6. after→before
7. that→which
8. tiring→tired
9. Kept→Keeping
10. safely→safe
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要给一些暑假期间去游泳的学生们提出了一些建议。
【详解】1. 考查代词。句意：暑假即将到来，一些学生简直无法控制他们的兴奋，因为这是去游泳的最好的季节。结合语意，一些学生简直无法控制他们的兴奋，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故将our改为their。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：虽然游泳是一种有助于我们保持健康的好运动，但有时它也很危险。根据句中is可知，句子使用一般现在时，且分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，修饰并指代先行词a good kind of exercise，在从句中作主语，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故将help改为helps。
3. 考查句子结构。句意：虽然游泳是一种有助于我们保持健康的好运动，但有时它也很危险。分析句子结构，although引导让步状语从句，逗号后是主句，前边不需要使用连词。故删除but。
4. 考查名词。句意：这里有一些建议给你。advice表示“建议”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将advices改为advice。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，你不能独自在河里游泳。sb. be allowed to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“某人被允许做某事”，所以swim前应加上to，构成不定式形式。故在swim前加上to。
6. 考查介词。句意：接下来，你应该在下水之前做一些热身运动，这将减少陷入麻烦的风险。结合语意以及常识，在下水游泳之前应该做一些热身运动，应用介词before表示“在……之前”。故将after改为before。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：接下来，你应该在下水之前做一些热身运动，这将减少陷入麻烦的风险。分析句子结构，第二个逗号后是非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故将that改为which。
8. 考查形容词。句意：最后，你最好不要游太久，否则你会觉得太累。结合语意，你会觉得太累，应用形容词tired，表示“感到累的”。故将tiring改为tired。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：记住这一点，你会有一个安全的假期。分析句子结构，keep在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故将Kept改为Keeping。
10. 考查形容词。句意：记住这一点，你会有一个安全的假期。修饰名词holiday，应用形容词形式作定语，safe是形容词，表示“安全的”。故将safely改为safe。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李明，请你写一封电子邮件给你们学校的外籍教师Miss Smith，邀请她在即将举行的英语演讲比赛中担任评委。
内容包括：1. 发出邀请并简述理由；2. 告知时间、地点；3. 请求对方回复。
注意事项：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Miss Smith,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear Miss Smith,
On behalf of the “Talents” English Speech Contest committee, I’m writing to invite you to be our new judge. As the core part of our “Foreign Culture Festival”, this school-wide contest is to be held in the Students’ Auditorium on May 12 (next Sunday). And we believe that you can give our competitors some enlightening comments as both a native-English speaker and a knowledgeable professor. Specifically, the event will start at around 7:00 p.m., and last for 2 hours at most. At the end of it, we will have some hand-made presents for each judge and competitor.
We sincerely hope you can be the judge for our competition. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作，要求考生给外教Miss Smith写信，邀请她在即将举行的英语演讲比赛中担任评委。内容包括：发出邀请并简述理由；告知时间、地点；请求对方回复。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
最重要的：core→most important
评论：comment→review
知识渊博的：knowledgeable→informed
礼物：present→gift
2. 句式拓展
简单句合并为复合句
原句：Specifically, the event will start at around 7:00 p.m., and last for 2 hours at most. At the end of it, we will have some hand-made presents for each judge and competitor.
拓展句：Specifically, the event will start at around 7:00 p.m., and last for 2 hours at most, at the end of which, we will have some hand-made presents for each judge and competitor.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On behalf of the “Talents” English Speech Contest committee, I’m writing to invite you to be our new judge.(使用了不定式作目的状语和宾补)
【高分句型2】And we believe that you can give our competitors some enlightening comments as both a native-English speaker and a knowledgeable professor. (使用了that引导宾语从句、both…and…并列结构)
听力答案：1-20 BACBA CACAC CACAB ABCAC高一英语月考试卷
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
2. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷(选择题)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much money will the man get back
A. $10. B. $ 4. C. $ 6.
2. What is the woman going to do next
A. Buy New Year’s gifts. B. Go to the library. C. Meet her parents.
3. What does the man want
A. Pig dolls. B. Ship models. C. Some chips.
4. What did the woman study at university
A. Journalism. B. Geography. C. International affairs.
5. Who is Cristina talking to
A. Her classmate. B. An eye doctor. C. Her father.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man dream of being
A. A teacher. B. A photographer. C. A journalist.
7. What will Barry be responsible for
A. Editing. B. Interviewing. C. Shooting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What was Tom doing during the earthquake
A. Crying. B. Escaping. C. Sleeping.
9. How was Tom when the earthquake took place
A. He was ill. B. He was helpless. C. He was frightened.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. When did the man finish his work
A. At night. B. In the afternoon. C. At noon.
11 What does the woman ask the man to do tonight
A. Write an essay. B. Teach her history. C. Stop playing the piano.
12. How might the woman feel
A. Upset. B. Thankful. C. Curious.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Why does the woman need a job
A. To kill time. B. To gain experience. C. To earn money.
14. What should the woman do if she takes the job
A. Sort goods. B. Do the home delivery. C. Buy supplies.
15. What can we learn about the woman
A. She has no time for after-class activities.
B. She works hard at college.
C. She will graduate soon.
16. When does the shop open in the morning
A. At 9:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:00.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is Habitat for Humanity
A. A farm. B. An organization. C. A community.
18. Why did the Fullers found Habitat for Humanity
A. To make profits. B. To live a simple life. C. To provide shelter for the poor.
19. Who must take part in building Habitat houses
A. House owners. B. Local authorities. C. Building companies.
20. What do we know about Habitat houses
A. They are free. B. They are expensive. C. They are cheap.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here is a guide of what to watch in 2023.
Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One
Mission: Impossible film series has become one of the most popular action films. Even people with a limited appetite for action or Tom Cruise are often swept away by these films. The seventh chapter of the series, Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One, features even bigger stunts (特技表演) than ever before. Writer-director Christopher McQuarrie of the sixth film Mission: Impossible — Fallout is back for Dead Reckoning, which will arrive in two parts, this summer and next.
When: July 12
Elemental
If Pixar Animation Studios’ digitizers could bring emotions to vivid life in Inside Out, imagine what they can do for more physical substances like Air, Earth, Fire and Water. And if a friendship should blossom where co-existence appears a little tricky, what better way to make a case for folks learning to get along.
When: Aug. 19
The Last Voyage of the Demeter
Even if you think the story of Dracula has been done to death — or undeath, technically — the makers of this film found a new way in by cutting down the thinnest slice of Bram Stoker’s novel, namely, the chapter that takes place on the ship that, unknown to its crew, is transporting Dracula to England. Things don’t go well. Put it that way: This high-seas horror, directed by André vredal, has a lot of fun with different creatures.
When: Aug. 11
Being Mary Tyler Moore
With her sunny smile, humor and modest style, Mary Tyler Moore became a situation comedy queen with a 60-year career in TV, stage and film. HBO’s film reflects the reality of her life, including struggles against diseases. At times, the narrative is a bit too careful, content to only indicate the darker side of a performer.
When: May 26
1. What can we know about Dead Reckoning Part One
A. It is an action film as well as a horror.
B. Its second part will be filmed this summer.
C. It records Tom Cruise’s life on a ship to England.
D. It shares the same director with Mission: Impossible — Fallout.
2. Which film is most suitable for children to watch
A. Elemental.
B. Being Mary Tyler Moore.
C. The Last Voyage of the Demeter.
D. Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One.
3. What makes Being Mary Tyler Moore special
A It was produced 60 years ago. B. It tells of a true person's life.
C. It reveals the dark side of society. D. It was directed by Mary Tyler Moore.
B
Finland was known as a rather quiet country. Since 2008, the Country Brand Delegation (国家品牌代表团) has been looking for a national brand that would make some noise to market the country as a world-famous tourist destination. In 2010, the Delegation issued a “Country Brand Report,” which highlighted a host of marketable themes, including Finland’s famous educational system. One key theme was brand new: silence. As the report explained, modern society often seems intolerably loud and busy. “Silence is a resource,” it said.
Silence first appeared in scientific research as a control or baseline, against which scientists compare the effects of noise or music. Researchers have mainly studied it by accident, as physician Luciano Bernardi did in his study of the physiological (生理学) effects of music. “We didn’t think about the effect of silence,” he said. Bernardi observed two dozen test subjects while they listened to six musical tracks. He found that the impacts of music could be read directly in the bloodstream, via changes in blood pressure, carbon dioxide, and circulation in the brain. “During almost all sorts of music, there was a physiological change with a condition of arousal (兴奋),” he explained.
This effect made sense, given that active listening requires attention. But the more striking finding appeared between musical tracks. Bernardi and his colleagues discovered that randomly added stretches of silence also had a great effect, but in the opposite direction. In fact, two-minute silent pauses proved far more relaxing than either “relaxing” music or a longer silence played before the experiment started. The blank pauses that Bernardi had considered irrelevant, in other words, became the most interesting object of study. Silence seemed to be heightened by contrasts, maybe because it gave test subjects a release from careful attention. “Perhaps the arousal is something that concentrates the mind in one direction, so that when there is nothing more arousing, then you have deeper relaxation,” he said.
This finding is reinforced by neurological (神经系统的) research. Relevant research shows when our brains rest quietly, they integrate external and internal information into “a conscious (意识的) workspace.” Freedom from noise and goal-directed tasks, it appears, unites the quiet without and within, allowing our conscious workspace to do its thing to discover where we fit in.
Noora Vikman, a consultant on silence for Finland’s marketers, knows silence well. Living in a remote and quiet place in Finland, she discovers thoughts and feelings that aren’t detectable in her busy daily life. “If you want to know yourself, you have to be with yourself, and discuss with yourself, and be able to talk with yourself.”
4. Why does the author mention the Country Brand Report in Paragraph 1
A. To present how Finland viewed silence.
B. To highlight the need of noise in Finland.
C. To explain why Finland issued the brands.
D. To indicate the authority of the Delegation.
5. What can be inferred about Luciano Bernardi’s discovery
A. It challenged the calming effect of music.
B. It emphasized the role of silence between sounds.
C. It illustrated the loss of attentiveness after silence.
D. It stated brains’ information processing in the quiet.
6. As for Noora Vikman’s attitude to silence, the author is ________.
A. doubtful B. supportive C. disapproving D. unconcerned
7. Which would be the best title for the passage
A Silence: A Limited Resource B. Silence: A Misunderstood Tool
C. Silence: The Unexpected Power D. Silence: The Value by Contrasts
C
Consider these facts: The tennis champion Williams sisters are a generation apart, according to the Pew Research Center. Venus, born in 1980, is labelled “Gen X”; Serena, born in 1981, is a “millennial”. Meanwhile, Donald Trump and Michelle Obama both belong to the same generation. The former was born in 1946 while the latter was born in 1964, making them both “baby boomers”.
Before you push these diverse personalities into generational stereotypes (刻板印象), let me stop you there: Just don’t. Generation labels, although widely adopted by the public, have no basis in social reality. In fact, in one recent survey, most people did not identify the correct generation for themselves, even when they were shown a list of options.
This is not surprising since the labels are forced by survey researchers, journalists or marketing firms before the identities they are supposed to describe even exist. Instead of asking people which group they identify with and why, they just declare the labels and start making pronouncements about them. That’s not how social identity works.
The practice of naming “generations” based on birth year goes back at least to the supposed “lost-generation” of the late 19th century. But as the tradition slid into a never-ending competition to be the first to propose the next name that sticks, it has produced gradually declining returns to social science and the public understanding.
The supposed boundaries between generations are no more meaningful than the names they’ve been given. There is no research identifying the appropriate boundaries between generations, and there is no statistical basis for requiring the sweeping character traits (特征) that are believed to define them. In one article you might read that millennials are “liberal lions”, “downwardly mobile”, and “distrustful”; even though they also “get along well with their parents, respect their elders and work well with colleagues”.
Ridiculous, clearly. But what’s the harm Aren’t these labels just a bit of fun for writers A method to attract readers and a way of communicating generational change, which no one would deny is a real phenomenon We, in academic social science, study and teach social change, but we don’t study and teach these labels because they simply aren’t real. And in social science, reality still matters.
Worse than irrelevant, such baseless labels drive people toward stereotyping and thoughtless character judgment. Measuring and describing social change is essential, and it can be useful to analyze the historical period in which people were born and raised, but drawing random lines between birth years and assigning names to them doesn’t help.
Today there are lots of good alternatives to label generations. We can simply describe people by the decade in which they were born and define generational groups specifically related to a particular issue—such as 2020 school kids. With the arrival of “Generation Z”, there has never been a better time to get off this train.
8. What do the facts listed in Paragraph 1 imply
A. Different people have different opinions about generation labels.
B. People with the same generation label may not be of similar age.
C. Generational change can be measured by generation labels.
D. Generation labels are widely adopted by celebrities.
9. The underlined word “sticks” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A. is understood B. is analyzed C. is described D. is accepted
10. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______.
A. the generation label is a harmless device writers use to reflect reality
B. generation boundaries are more meaningful than generation labels
C. assigning character traits to a certain generation is misguided
D. journalists should find alternative ways to judge character
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Generation labels: It’s high time to retire them
B. Generation labels: The ongoing debate will never end
C. Generation labels: What do they say about who we are
D. Generation labels: Expand or bridge generational differences
D
Elizabeth Spelke, a cognitive (认知的) psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world's most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.
Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies — or adults, for that matter — learn. That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modern artificial intelligence: We're not sure what to aim for.
Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machine eclipsing human cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.
To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.” Chollet posed a set of problems, each of which requires an AI programme to arrange colored squares on a grid (格栅) based on just a few prior examples. It’s not hard for a person. But modern machine-learning programmes-trained on huge amounts of data — cannot learn from so few examples.
Josh Tenenbaum, a professor in MIT's Center for Brains, Minds & Machines, works closely with Spelke and uses insights from cognitive science as inspiration for his programmes. He says much of modern AI misses the bigger picture, comparing it to a cartoon about a two-dimensional world populated by simple geometrical (几何形的) people. AI programmes will need to learn in new ways — for example, by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns. “At some point — you know, if you’re intelligent — you realize maybe there's something else out there,” he says.
12. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at _______________.
A. labeling images B. identifying locations
C. playing games D. making adjustments
13. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Stimulating. B. Measuring. C. Beating. D. Limiting.
14. Both Francois Chollet and Josh Tenenbaum may agree that _______________.
A. AI is good at finding similar patterns
B. AI should gain abilities with less training
C. AI lacks the ability of generalizing a skill
D. AI will match humans in cognitive ability
15. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. What is exactly intelligence
B. Why is modern AI advanced
C. Where is human intelligence going
D. How do humans tackle the challenge of AI
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2分，满分 10 分)
短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Approximately 40 percent adults and 19 percent children in the US are obese (肥胖的). Obese people are at increased risk of many serious diseases, including high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease. ___16___ If you are suffering from these, here’s a way of losing weight that you can try.
Dietary “self-monitoring” is a common strategy that people use to lose weight. ___17___The theory is that when thinking of what you put in your body, you’ll make healthier decisions. Can it really be that easy There’s no doubt that dietary self-monitoring has been shown to help lose weight. ___18___
Recently, researchers studied obese individuates in otherwise good health who participated in a 24- week weight control program where they recorded their daily dietary intake using an online program. The findings demonstrated that people who continued to record their food intake daily for 24 weeks lost more weight compared to those who quit noting their intake. ___19___ In comparison, those who recorded less than 2 times daily lost less weight.
Researchers found the more often people logged what they ate, the more weight they might lose. They noted people might have greater success with weight loss if they recorded their dietary intake about three times a day, rather than recording all of their meals in one sitting.
___20___ Dietary self-monitoring can be performed in different ways — using an online program, using a pencil or using smartphone applications, so it is important to find what works for you.
A. Luckily, obesity can be treated by recording your meals.
B. It involves recording what they consume, and how much.
C. A good principle to follow may be “write when you bite”.
D. Obesity is also associated with a lower life quality and poor mental health.
E. Using an electronic system, researchers were able to see what people were doing.
F. However, not much is known about how long this takes or how often it should be done.
G. People who lost at least 10 percent of their weight recorded their food intake about 3 times a day.
第三部分 英语知识应用
第一节 完形填空(共 20小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分30分)
People have been told to stay separated — at least six feet apart and to practice ___21___ state and local officials call “social distancing”. Some have been asked to work at home. But as people try to slow the spread of the ___22___ coronavirus, the resulting chaos and fear are bringing both large and small communities ___23___.
Simple acts of kindness are sprouting up online and in public, as neighbors, students, teachers, and others begin to ___24___ those who can pass this long and isolated time smoothly, and the people who may not have the means to ___25___.
For Jesse Farren-James, ___26___ out has taken the form of organizing trips to the supermarkets for supplies, and use of her membership card if anyone needs to buy large quantities. She ___27___ the offer in a Facebook group for the community residents (居民), and some people came and ___28___ to her. “I just feel so lucky ___29___ I have so many people in my life to rely on and so sad that not everyone has that,” she wrote in the group. In another interview, Farren-James said the “community is coming together” and “there are so many good and amazing people ____30____ to help others”.
Also, parents in Dorchester have gathered together online. In a Facebook group called DotParents, parents have been raising money to buy food and supplies for students and families in the community. Lisa Graustein has been organizing this activity. On Thursday, she used the more than $2,000 ____31____ by neighbors to purchase food in a restaurant supply company. A group of volunteers ____32____ the food and planned to distribute to schools for those who may need it.
“Food ____33____ is real in our city and this crisis is going to be ____34____.” Graustein said. “But here’s something we can do to deal ____35____ with the hard time.” This idea is spreading. She said friends in four ____36____ states had been running similar campaigns. Next, she wants to find a way to get landlords (房东) to ____37____ abandon rent for residents in ____38____ difficulties because of the outbreak.
As our president Xi said, we want to build ____39____ community, everyone should get ____40____ during the pandemic.
21.
A which B. what C. that D. where
22.
A. novel B. new C. old D. creative
23.
A. tighter B. closer C. narrower D. wider
24.
A. break B. connect C. support D. help
25.
A. get through B. get off C. get on D. get in
26.
A. helping B. help C. to help D. helps
27.
A. post B. posts C. posted D. postted
28.
A. turned B. referred C. talked D. asked
29.
A. as B. that C. which D. then
30.
A. offering B. giving C. refusing D. carrying
31.
A. started B. raised C. provided D. found
32.
A. packed B. unpacked C. displayed D. collected
33.
A. increase B. shortage C. decrease D. supplies
34.
A. flexible B. severe C. easing D. relaxing
35.
A. worse B. better C. more D. farther
36.
A. others B. the other C. other D. another
37.
A. continually B. temporarily C. consistently D. generally
38.
A. economy B. economical C. financial D. finance
39.
A. shared B. offered C. followed D. fitted
40.
A. protected B. recognized C. disturbed D. annoyed
第II卷(非选择题，共50分)
第三部分 英语知识应用
第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese oracle-bone inscriptions (甲骨文) were included in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register.
Oracle-bone inscriptions are the ___41___ (early) documentary evidence found in China, unearthed from the Yin ruins in Anyang City, Henan Province. These inscriptions provide ___42___ (record) of divination (占卜) and prayers to gods from people in ___43___ late Shang Dynasty. Over the years, oracle-bone inscriptions ___44___ (develop) into modern-day Chinese characters, ___45___ (show) the continuous evolution of Chinese civilization. Oracle bones serve ___46___ important materials for studying the long-standing and brilliant Chinese civilization.
The Memory of the World Programme, ___47___ (establish) by UNESCO in 1992, aims to rescue the ___48___ (gradual) worsening and disappearing documentary heritage in the world, to strengthen protection and utilization (利用) to raise public awareness of the significance of documentary heritage. The program takes place every two years, and last time, China’s ___49___ (submit) of “Archives of the Nanjing Massacre” was included. So far, China has already had many examples of documentary heritage, ___50___ were included in the Memory of the World Register.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10小题;每小题 1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文。请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。
With summer vacation around the corner, some students just can’t contain our excitement, because it is the best season to go swimming. Although swimming is a good kind of exercise that help us keep healthy, but it can also be very dangerous sometimes. Here is some advices for you. Firstly, you are not allowed swim alone in the river. It would be better to go with your parents. Next, you should do some warm-up exercises after getting into the water, that will reduce the risk of getting into trouble. Lastly, you’d better not swim for too long, or you will feel too tiring. Kept this in mind, you will have a safely holiday.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李明，请你写一封电子邮件给你们学校的外籍教师Miss Smith，邀请她在即将举行的英语演讲比赛中担任评委。
内容包括：1. 发出邀请并简述理由；2. 告知时间、地点；3. 请求对方回复
注意事项：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Miss Smith,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ming
听力答案：1-20 BACBA CACAC CACAB ABCAC
