【寒假学案】2024年人教版初一英语寒假教材学案 第四讲 数词(含答案)

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名称 【寒假学案】2024年人教版初一英语寒假教材学案 第四讲 数词(含答案)
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更新时间 2023-12-21 13:42:45

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第四讲 数词
1、定义:数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等;
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
1. 基数词的写法或读法。
(1)对于20以内的基本的数字,需要同学们牢记。要注意其中的一些规律。
例如:13-19的数字都是“-teen”结尾等。
(2)十位数与个位数之间要加连字符。
例如:23→________________________ 98→___________________________
(3)百位数与个位数之间要加and。
例如:201→_______________________ 642→ __________________________
【拓展】除此之外,较大的数字是将数字由右向左每三位加一个逗号,使一个数字分成几个小节,第一个逗号前用thousand(千),第二个逗号前用million(百万),第三个逗号前用billion(十亿),然后依次读出(写出)。
注意:英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位,只有“百万(million)”和“十亿(billion)”;因此“一万”是用10个千,也就是“ten thousand”来表示的,“一亿”是用“one hundred million”来表示的。
2. 基数词的用法
(1)表示确切数目时,hundred,thousand和million只能用单数,不能变复数;但表示不确定的数目时,要用复数形式,并且要加上of。
例如:five hundred 五百 three thousand 三千 three million 三百万
hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 数百万的
例题:(2019 河北)The ice and snow in Harbin is beautiful, so every winter_ __tourists come here.
A.two million of B. millions of C. million of
(5)基数词可以用于某些数学算式。
例如:3+2=5 ___________________________(三加二等于五)
10-5=5 Ten minus five is five.(十减五等于五)
基数词可以用来表
示年龄。
例如:She is five years old. 她五岁了。
(7)基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。
一个五岁的男孩 a five-year-old boy;
注意:five-year-olds 表示五岁的孩子们
例题:
①(2019·怀化)Li Wen is a normal _______boy from the countryside. He works hard and does well in school.
15 years old B.15-years-old C. 15-year-old
③--How far is it --__________________________. 大约5分钟的步行路程。
序数词记忆口诀:
基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th。
一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d。
八去t,九除e,ve要用f替,
ty将y变成i,th前面有个e。
若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。
整十基数变序数,先把ty变成tie,
要是遇上两位数,十位基数、个位序,th最后加上去。
1. 基数词变序数词的方法
(1)序数词是由基数词在词尾加-th构成,表示顺序的数词。它的前面一般要用定冠词the。
例如:the sixth 第六。
(2)序数词的1,2,3这三个数字是特殊变化,即它们不是在基数词的后面加-th,需要特别记忆和掌握。第一是:__________,第二是:__________,第三是:__________。
(3)从第四到第十九的序数词都是在基数词的后面加-th,但要注意:第五是_____________,第八是___________,第九是___________,第十二是___________这几个特殊变化。
(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的基数词,变为序数词时,把字母y改为ie再加-th。
例如:twenty→____________第二十,forty→____________第四十。
(5)从二十一到九十九的序数词(整十数除外),前面的十位数用基数词,后面的个位数用序数词,中间用连字符号连接。
例如:twenty-four→________________________第二十四。
(6)第一百、第一千、第一百万分别在相对应的基数词的后面直接加-th。
即:hundredth,thousandth,____________________。
【拓展】序数词的缩写形式
序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。前三个数字是特殊情况,分别是:first→1st second→2nd third→3rd
以后的均是在最后的数字后加“-th”即可。
例如:forth→4th twenty-first→21st ninety-fifth→____________
2. 序数词的用法。
(1)序数词的前面一般要用定冠词the表示第几的意思。
例如:______________________________________________. 他住在第二层楼。
(2)表示编号的时候,经常把基数词放在名词的前面表示顺序,相当于the+序数词+名词,也可以用“名词+基数词”。
例如:Lesson Five=the fifth lesson 第五课
例题: --Please turn to _________.
A.Page 11 B. page the 11th C. page 11
(3)表示分数的时候,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1的时候,分母用复数形式。
例如:2/5 two fifths 1/5 → one fifth 2/3 → _________________
4/7 →_________________ 1/2 → ____________ 1/4 → one fourth = a quarter例题:(2019 安顺)—What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang
—Wonderful!_____of the land______covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; is C. Two fifths; are
(4)序数词在名词的前面经常作定语修饰名词,但是当名词的前面已经有了物主代词的时候,序数词的前面不再用定冠词the。
例如:_________________________________. 这是我的第三个问题。
(5)序数词前加不定冠词a/an,表示“再一;又一”的意思。
例如:____________________________________ 请再试一次。
(6)表示“日期”,“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词。
1949 年10 月1 日 → 写作:Oct. 1st, 1949
读作:Oct. (the) first, nineteen forty-nine
2019 年5 月28 日 → 写作:____________________
读作:February, (the) twenty-eighth, two thousand and seventeen
序数词记忆口诀:
一,二,三特殊记,词尾分别t,d,d(first,second,third.)
八去t,九去e,f来把ve去。
以y结尾变ie,后跟th莫忘记。
若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
Mike works very long hours every day. He usually 1. (get) up at 17:00. He takes 2.shower and makes his breakfast. What a funny time to 3. (make)breakfast! After breakfast he practices 4. (he)guitar. Then he puts on his jacket 5. goes to work. To get to work, he takes the number 17 bus to the Star Hotel. The bus usually leaves 6. 19:15. He works all night. People 7. (love)to listen to him! He gets 8. at 7:00, and he 9. (watch) the early morning news on TV. He goes to bed at 8:30. He is a tired but happy man. Can you guess what his job 10. (be)
三.完形填空
Tom's birthday is very interesting. His parents buy lots of ice-creams 1 him on his birthday. A small strawberry is 2 only one of the ice-creams.Tom 3 one ice-cream for one year. He's eighteen years old this year and he eats 4 ice-creams. Oh! He eats the strawberry in 5 ice-cream! It is great! He can be 6 and happy this year.Tom also 7 lots of birthday cards on his birthday. His friends come to his birthday party and say "Happy 8 " to him.Tom's parents have a talk( 谈话 ) with him.They want Tom 9 that he can come home at any time(时间),and he can also go to his 10 homes at night. It's a really fun birthday.
1. A. from B. for C. on
2. A. under B. for C. in
3. A.buys B.likes C. eats
4. A. eighteen B. eight C. eighteenth
5. A.the sixteenth B.sixteenth C. sixteen
6. A. boring B. difficult C.interesting
7. A. have B. has C. do
8. A. birthday B.Teachers' Day C. New Year
9. A. know B. to know C. knows
10. A. the friend B. friends' C.friend
四、翻译
Li Gengxi is a famous actress now. Her English name is Teresa Li. Her first name is Teresa.
1. Her last name is Li.
Li is one of the stars of the TV show A Little Reunion (《小欢喜》). She plays Qiao Yingzi. Her acting is pretty good. Li goes to college in the US.2.她的朋友们在中国。 So she goes back to China to continue her acting.3. What’s her telephone number It’s a secret (秘密).
I love her very much. She is my idol (偶像) now. 4.在我的书桌上,有一张李庚希的照片。In my bookcase, there are many cards about her. 5.You can find my room is tidy. I try to do so because my idol Li Gengxi is a tidy girl, too.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
参考答案
gets 2.a 3.make 4.his 5.and
at 7.love 8.up 9. watches 10.is
1-5CCCAA 6-10 CBABB
1. 她姓李。
2.Her friends are in China .
3.她的电话号码是多少?
4.There’s a photo of Li Gengxi onmy desk.
5.你会发现我的房间 整齐干净。
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