中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024中考英语总复习教材同步导学案(教师版)
七年级下Units 7~9
★★★★★考点扫描★★★★★
重点词汇 rain (v.) 下雨 (n.) 雨水 → rainy (adj.) 多雨的 windy (adj.) 多风的 → wind (n.) 风 cloudy (adj.) 多云的 → cloud (n.) 云 sunny (adj.) 晴朗的 → sun (n.) 太阳 snow (v.)下雪 (n.)雪 → snowy (adj.) 下雪的 cook (v.) 做饭 → cook (n.) 厨师 → cooker (n.) 厨具 Canada (n.) 加拿大 → Canadian (adj.) & (n.) 加拿大的; 加拿大人的;加拿大人 Europe (n.) 欧洲 →European (adj.) 欧洲的 Russian (adj.) 俄罗斯的 (n.) 俄罗斯人;俄语 → Russia (n.) 俄罗斯 warm (adj.) 温暖的 → warmly ad(v.) 温暖地 → warmth (n.) 温暖 north (n.) 北;北方(adj.) 北方的→northern (adj.) 北方的 enjoy (v.) 享受;喜爱 → enjoyable (adj.) 令人愉快的. turn (v.) 转向;翻 → turning (n.) 转弯处 high (adj.) & adv 高的;高→height (n.) 身高;高度 late (adj.) 迟的 ad(v.) 迟;晚→later ad(v.) 以后 act (v.) 表演→actor (n.) 演员→ actress (n.) 女演员 person (n.) 人 → personal (adj.) 个人的 crime (n.) 犯罪活动 → criminal (n.) 罪犯 10. describe (v.) 描述 → description (n.) 描述;形容;种类; 类型 differently ad(v.) 不同地 → different (adj.) 不同的 → difference (n.) 不同
重点短语 sounds like ... 听起来像…… have a good time 玩得开心;过得愉快 study at sb.’s home 在某人的家中学习 take a message for sb. 为某人带消息 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 call sb. back (给某人)回电话 right now 现在;立即;马上 take a photo of sb. 给某人照相 next to 挨着;靠近 turn right / left 向右/左转 on the / one’s right / left 在(某人的)右边/左边 spend + doing sth. 花费时间做某事 watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人做某事 get to 事 地点名词 到达某地 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事. (be) of medium height 中等身高
重点句型 1. What does he look like 他长什么样? 2. I'm having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada.我正在加拿大看望我的姑妈,玩得很开心。 3. The weather here is cool and cloudy, just right for walking. 这儿的天气凉爽且多云,正适合 散步。 4. The criminal is of medium build and young. 那个 罪犯中等身材而且年轻。 5. He usually wears jeans, a T-shirt and sports shoes.他经常穿牛仔裤,T恤衫和运动鞋。 6. First of all, he is very tall and handsome.首先,他 又高又帅。
语法 1.现在进行时(Ⅱ) 2. there be句型 3.方位介词 4.选择疑问句
话题 1. The weather(天气) 2. The neighborhood(邻里之间) 3. Physical appearance(外貌特征)
★★★★★考点透析★★★★★
考点1辨析:across, cross,over ,though 与past
It’s on Center Street. It’s across from the park.它在中心街上,就在公园对面。(p44)
三者都有“穿过;通过”之意,区别如下:
考点 意义及用法 示例
across 作介词,意为“横过;穿过”,指从表面通过,常和street,road,bridge等搭配 walk across the bridge
cross 作动词,意为“穿过;横过”,相当于go across cross the street
over 作介词,意为“横过;越过”,指 从有一定高度的物体上方越过 jump over the fence
through 作介词,意为“穿过;通过;经过”,指从内部通过,常和window,forest,door等搭配 go through the tunnel
past 作介词,意为“经过”,指从旁边经过 walk past the desk
【考点连线】
1.【2023四川省遂宁】1. Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.
A. across B. above C. below D. against
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:看!交通灯是绿色的。我们现在可以过马路了。across横穿;above在……上方;below在……下方;against反对。根据“Look! The traffic light is green”可知是绿灯,所以可以横穿马路,go across“横穿”,故选A。
2.【2023江苏无锡】4. A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.
A. around B. across C. against D. along
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。around围绕;across横穿;against反对;along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河,用across,故选B。
3.【2023江苏镇江】3. Dance is not just a form of art, but also a language which tells stories ________ body.
A. towards B. over C. past D. through
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:舞蹈不仅是一种艺术形式,也是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。towards朝向;over在……上方;past超过;through通过。根据“a language which tells stories…body”可知,此处指舞蹈是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。故选D。
4.【2022江苏连云港】3. The traffic light is green. Let’s go ________ the road.
A. against B. among C. across D. above
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:交通灯是绿色的。 我们穿过马路吧。 against反对;among在……当中;across穿过;above在……之上。根据“The traffic light is green. Let’s go … the road”可知,此处指穿过马路,go across“穿过”,故选C。
5【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:看到一群羊从她身边走过,走进青海的一个村庄,凯特感到很兴奋。over超过;past经过;across横穿;through从物体内部穿过。根据“walking ... her”可知是从她旁边经过,用past符合语境。故选B。
6.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:阳光透过窗户照进来,在墙上留下了一道小小的彩虹。
beyond超过;along沿着;through从内部穿过;across横过,从一边到另一边。根据“The sun shone...the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.”可知,此处指阳光透过窗户照进来,应用through。故选C。
考点2 辨析spend, take, cost与pay
I like to spend time there on weekends. 我喜欢在那儿度过周末时光。(p47)
考点 主语 常用句型
spend 主语通常是人 sb. spend(s) ... on sth.以及 sb. spend(s) ... (in) doing sth.,表示“某人 花时间 … 钱做某事”。
take 常用 it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间。 后 面只跟“时间”。
pay 主语是人 :sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱。 后面只跟“钱”。
cost 主语是物 sth. cost(s)sb. some money 某物花费某人一些钱; It costs sb. ... to do sth. 做……花了某人多少钱。 cost 后面只跟“钱”。
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖北省鄂州市】3. —How do you usually go to Wuhan from here
—By high-speed train. It ________ me only 20 minutes to get there.
A. spends B. pays C. costs D. takes
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:——你通常如何从这儿去武汉?——乘坐高铁。我到那里只需花费20分钟。spends花费(时间或金钱),主语是人;pays支付(金钱);costs花费(金钱);takes花费(时间),主语是事物。主语为It,空格后“only 20 minutes”表示时间,可知此处用句型“It takes sb some time to do sth”表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故选D。
2. 【2023黑龙江绥化市】11. — Excuse me, is this coat yours
— Yes. I ________ 300 yuan ________ it.
A. payed; in B. paid; for C. paid; on
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:——打扰一下,这件大衣是你的吗?——是的。我花了300元。pay money for sth.“为某物付多少钱”。故选B。
3.【2023青海省】9. According to the World Happiness Report 2023, Finland (芬兰) is the world’s happiest country. People ________ more time with families and friends there.
A. cost B. spend C. pay
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:根据《2023年世界幸福报告》,芬兰是世界上最幸福的国家。人们花更多的时间与家人和朋友在一起。cost花费,主语是物;spend花费,主语是人;pay支付,主语是人。根据“People ... more time with families and friends there.”可知此处指花费时间和家人、朋友在一起,主语是人,用spend。故选B。
4.【2023黑龙江哈尔滨】13. Tom Sawyer is my favorite book. It ________ me nearly 30 yuan.
A. spent B. cost C. paid
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:《汤姆·索亚》是我最喜欢的书。花了将近30元。spent花费,主语是人;cost花费,主语是物;paid付款,主语是人。根据“It...me nearly 30 yuan.”可知,主语是物,故选B。
5.【2022广西省河池】9.I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends.
A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:周末我通常在图书馆看书。 “花费时间做某事”的英文表达为“spend time (in) doing”,所以应选择动名词形式reading。故选B。
6.【2022湖北十堰】4. I have no money on me because I often pay ________ things through WeChat (微信).
A. to B. of C. by D. for
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我身上没带钱,因为我经常用微信买东西。 to到;of……的;by通过;for为了。pay for“为……付钱”,故选D。
考点3 What + do / does +主语 +look like 句型
What does he look like 他长什么样?
句型“What + do /does +主语 +look like ”常用 来询问某人的外貌特征,意为“……看上去什么样 … 长什么样? ”。常用“主语+系动词+ 形容词”或“主语 + have/ has (+ a … an) + 形容词+ 名词”两种结构来 回答。 如:
— What does the girl look like 那个女孩长什么样
— She is tall and thin. — She has a round face. 她又高又瘦。 /她有张圆脸。
【注意】句型“What + be +主语 +like ”常用来询问某 人的个性、品质等。 如:
—What’s Tom like 汤姆是什么样的? He is very shy. 他很害羞。
【2020江苏连云港】11.—___________ is Ricky like
—He’s humorous He often tells us funny jokes.
A. He B. What C. Which D. Who
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:——里基是怎样的人? ——他很幽默。 他经常给我们讲笑话。根据空后问号可知,本句是问句,所以选项A排除;根据回答“He’s humorous. He often tells us funny jokes”可知,前句是特殊疑问句,问人的性格;根据所学知识可知what be sb like?可以询问人的外貌,更多的是询问某人的成就,品质,性格等内在的东西,what is Ricky like符合上下文语境。故选B。
考点 4 enjoy的用法
It’s very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 那里非常安静,我喜欢在那里阅读。(p47)
enjoy作及物动词,后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接不定式。 enjoy sth.喜欢某物 Every child enjoys Christmas. 每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 Do you enjoy listening to music 你喜欢听音乐吗?
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快,相当于have a good time/have fun。 He enjoyed himself /had fun at the party. 他在聚会上玩得很愉快。
拓展 enjoyable (adj.) 令人愉悦的
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖南怀化】28. Many people enjoy ______ zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. making B. made C. to make
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多人喜欢在端午节自己包粽子。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”,动名词作宾语,故选A。
2.【2022辽宁省大连】43. For Tony, nothing is more ________ than playing tennis. (enjoy)
【答案】enjoyable
【解析】句意:对托尼来说,没有什么比打网球更令人愉快的了。分子句子可知此处是形容词比较级,空处应填enjoy的形容词形式enjoyable“令人愉悦的”,故填enjoyable。
3.【2021年南京市】47. Tony’s sister enjoys ________(listen) to music and she often goes to concerts.
【答案】listening
【解析】句意:托尼的妹妹喜欢听音乐,她经常去听音乐会。固定搭配:enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”,动名词作宾语,故填listening。
★★★★★语法突破★★★★★
考点一there be 句型
含义及用法 例句
表示存在,be 动词通常与其后名词的数保持一致 There are some children on the playground. 操场上有几个孩子。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
there be 句型可有各种时态,且时态就由其中的动词 be 来体现 There will be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英语电影。
当陈述部分为 there be 句型时,其后反意疑问句的主语仍然沿用 there There is nothing wrong, is there 没什么问题,是吗?
注意:There be结构中,还可以用seem, happen, stand, lie, appear, exist, remain等词代替be。
1.【2023吉林长春】9. There _______ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk now.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。句意:现在老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。主语“some beautiful flowers”是可数名词复数,be动词用复数,结合“now”可知用一般现在时,be动词用are。故选C。
2.【2023甘肃武威、白银市】7. There ________ a big tree behind the shop. You can see many birds in it.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:商店后面有一棵大树。你可以在里面看到许多鸟。根据“There ... a big tree behind the shop.”可知陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语“a big tree”是单数,be动词用is。故选A。
3.【2023辽宁抚顺】7. Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】考查There be句型和时态。句意:看!这本书里有一些关于交通安全的信息。根据“Look! There...some information about traffic safety in this book.”可知,用一般现在时,主语“some information”是不可数名词,故选A。
4.【2023江苏宿迁】9. — There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
— Oh, really Shall we go there this afternoon
A. is B. was C. are D. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查There be句型。句意:——我们学校阅览室里有很多新杂志。——哦,真的吗?我们今天下午去那里好吗?There be,意为“有”。本句表示客观事实,应为一般现在时,主语a lot of new magazines是复数,故用be动词are。故选C。
5.【2023江苏镇江】2. There ________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】考查there be。句意:江苏有许多现代化的高速铁路,它们帮助人们方便地出行。
句子主语railways是复数,be动词用复数形式,排除AC。根据后句可知,句子是一般现在时,be动词用are。故选B。
6.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】6. —There will be ________ tomorrow. We can’t eat out.
—Well, we have to stay at home.
A. rainy B. rain C. raining
【答案】B
【解析】考查there be用法。句意:——明天会下雨。我们不能在外面吃饭。——嗯,我们必须呆在家里。rainy下雨的;rain下雨,雨水;raining动名词形式。此处是there be句型,空处填的应是名词,rain符合语境,故选B。
考点二方位介词
1.in, to, on辨析
词汇 含义及用法 例句
in 意为“在...范围之内",表示在某一地域地区之内的某方位(属于该范围) Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国东南部。
on 意为“毗邻,接壤,”“在.....上面"。表示与某地相邻的关系。 Hunan is on the east of Guizhou.湖南在贵州东面。
to 意为“在....范围外”,不强调是否接壤;或“到......"。表示在某一地域地区之外的某方位(不属该范围) England lies to the west of France.英国位于法国的西方。
这三个词表达位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含(in)、相离(to),相切(on)关系”。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江绥化】8. —A model plane is ________ the tree. Let’s get it down.
—Look! The apples ________ the tree are really red.
A. in; in B. on; in C. in; on
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——一架飞机模型在树上。让我们把它取下来。——看!树上的苹果真红。in在……里面;on在……上面。in the tree“在树上”,指外来物在树上;on the tree“在树上”,指树上本身长着的(果实等);第一句中“A model plane”是外来物,应用介词in;第二句中“apples”是树上的果实,应用介词on,故选C。
2.【2021年海南省】7. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:三沙坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。in在……里面;on相接壤;to一个城市在另一个城市之外。三沙位于中国内部,用介词in。故选A。
3.【2021年十堰市】4. — Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A. on B. to C. at D. in
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——人民公园在哪里? ——沿着公园路走,在第二个十字路口右转,它就在你的左边。on(表示方向)在;to到……;at在(某处);in在……里。根据下文“your left”提示,此处表示的是在某个方向上,故应用介词on,故选A。
4.【2020 重庆市B卷】The bank is _________ the left of the supermarket. It's not far.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:银行在超市的左边。距离并不远。in在……里;for为了;on在……上;at后接小地点。根据the left of the supermarket,可知,此空表示“在超市的左边”,固定搭配:on the left of“在……的左边”,所以空格处填on。故选C。
5.【2020 黑龙江省龙东地区】— Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.
— Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ________ the south of China, ________ the south of Henan.
A. in;to B. on;to C. in;on
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——许多医生和护士在二月去了湖北。 ——湖北离黑龙江很远。它在中国的南部,在河南的南部。考查介词。in表示在某一地区内的某方位,属于该范围的;to表示在某一地区外部的方位,不属于该范围的且不接壤的;on表示两地是相邻接壤的关系。根据常识可知,湖北省在中国境内,故第一个空应用介词in,B选项可排除;湖北与河南接壤且位于河南南部,故第二个空应用介词on。故选C。
2. above; over; on辨析
词汇 用法 例句
above 表示位置高于某人或某物,但不一定是正上方,反义词below The bird is flying low above the water.那只鸟在水面上低飞。
on 表示“在……之上”强调两物相接触 The children are drawing some pictures on the blackboard.孩子们正在黑板上画一些画。
over 表示在某人或某物的正上方,反义词是under The lamp hung over the table. 那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。
3. before, in front of, in the front of辨析
词汇 用法 例句
before 谈到次序的排列(如名单等) Your name comes before mine.你的名字在我前头。
表示“在(某重要人物)面前” He always put the interests of others before his own.
他总把他人的利益放在第一位。
in front of 表示“在(某一物体外部)前面” There is a car parking in front of the house. 有一辆汽车停在房子前面。(在房子之外)
in the front of 表示“在.......范围内的前部(在(某一物体外部)前面)” The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom. 老师的讲桌在教室的前部。(在教室之内)
注意:behind,in back of, in the back of(与before, in front of, in the front of 是一对反义词组)
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖南益阳】3. —Where’s Jenny I can’t see her.
—Maybe she is hiding ________ the door.
A. under B. between C. behind
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——珍妮在哪里?我看不见她。——也许她躲在门后。under在……下面;between在……之间;behind在……后面。根据“hiding...the door”可知是藏在门后面。故选C。
1.【2021年天津市】4. Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A. between B. from C. behind D. among
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。between在……之间(两者);from来自;behind在……后面;among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知,这里指她坐在我后面,故选C。
2.【2021辽宁盘锦】3. The little boy hid himself ________ the door to give his sister a surprise.
A. behind B. above C. across D. under
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:小男孩藏在门后想给他妹妹一个惊喜。behind在……后面;above在……上面;across穿过;under在……下面。根据“hid himself … the door to give his sister a surprise.”可知,是藏在门后,故选A。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022中考英语总复习教材同步导学案(学生版)
七年级下Units 7~9
★★★★★考点扫描★★★★★
重点词汇 1.rain (v.) 下雨 (n.) 雨水 →_________ (adj.) 多雨的 2.windy (adj.) 多风的 → _________ (n.) 风 3.cloudy (adj.) 多云的 → _________ (n.) 云 4.sunny (adj.) 晴朗的 →_________ (n.) 太阳 5.snow (v.)下雪 (n.)雪 →_________ (adj.) 下雪的 6.cook (v.) 做饭 →_________ (n.) 厨师 →_________ (n.) 厨具 7.Canada (n.) 加拿大 → _________ (adj.) & (n.) 加拿大的; 加拿大人的;加拿大人 8.Europe (n.) 欧洲 →_________ (adj.) 欧洲的 9.Russian (adj.) 俄罗斯的 (n.) 俄罗斯人;俄语 →_________ (n.) 俄罗斯 10.warm (adj.) 温暖的 → _________ ad(v.) 温暖地 → _________ h (n.) 温暖 11.north (n.) 北;北方(adj.) 北方的→_________ (adj.) 北方的 12.enjoy (v.) 享受;喜爱 → _________ (adj.) 令人愉快的. 13.turn (v.) 转向;翻 → _________ (n.) 转弯处 14.high (adj. & adv.) 高的;高→_________ (n.) 身高;高度 15.late (adj.) 迟的 (adv.) 迟;晚→_________ ad(v.) 以后 16.act (v.) 表演→_________ (n.) 演员→ _________ (n.) 女演员 17.person (n.) 人 → _________ (adj.) 个人的 18.crime (n.) 犯罪活动 → _________ (n.) 罪犯 19. describe (v.) 描述 → _________ (n.) 描述;形容;种类; 类型 20.differently( adv.) 不同地 → _________ (adj.) 不同的 → _________ (n.) 不同
重点短语 1_________ _________ ... 听起来像…… 2. _________ a good _________玩得开心;过得愉快 3. _________ at sb.’s _________ e 在某人的家中学习 4. _________ a _________ _________ sb. 为某人带消息 5. _________ sb. _________ sth. 告诉某人做某事 6_________ sb. _________给某人)回电话 7. ________ ________现在;立即;马上 8. _________ a _________ _________ sb. 给某人照相 9. _________挨着;靠近 10. _________ _________ / _________向右 … 左转 11. _________ the (one’s) _________ /_________ 在(某人的)右边 … 左边 12. _________ _________ sth. 花费时间做某事 13. _________ sb. _________ sth. 观看某人做某事 14._____ _____+地点名词 到达某地 15. _________ _________ sth. 喜欢做某事. 16.(be) of _________ _________中等身高
重点句型 1. What does he look like 他长什么样? 2. I'm having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada.我正在加拿大看望我的姑妈,玩得很开心。 3. The weather here is cool and cloudy, just right for walking. 这儿的天气凉爽且多云,正适合 散步。 4. The criminal is of medium build and young. 那个 罪犯中等身材而且年轻。 5. He usually wears jeans, a T-shirt and sports shoes.他经常穿牛仔裤,T恤衫和运动鞋。 6. First of all, he is very tall and handsome.首先,他 又高又帅。
语法 1.现在进行时(Ⅱ) 2. there be句型 3.方位介词 4.选择疑问句
话题 1. The weather(天气) 2. The neighborhood(邻里之间) 3. Physical appearance(外貌特征)
★★★★★考点透析★★★★★
考点1辨析:across, cross,over ,though 与past
It’s on Center Street. It’s across from the park.它在中心街上,就在公园对面。(p44)
三者都有“穿过;通过”之意,区别如下:
考点 意义及用法 示例
across 作介词,意为“横过;穿过”,指从表面通过,常和street,road,bridge等搭配 walk across the bridge
cross 作动词,意为“穿过;横过”,相当于go across cross the street
over 作介词,意为“横过;越过”,指 从有一定高度的物体上方越过 jump over the fence
through 作介词,意为“穿过;通过;经过”,指从内部通过,常和window,forest,door等搭配 go through the tunnel
past 作介词,意为“经过”,指从旁边经过 walk past the desk
【考点连线】
1.【2023四川省遂宁】1. Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.
A. across B. above C. below D. against
2.【2023江苏无锡】4. A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.
A. around B. across C. against D. along
3.【2023江苏镇江】3. Dance is not just a form of art, but also a language which tells stories ________ body.
A. towards B. over C. past D. through
4.【2022江苏连云港】3. The traffic light is green. Let’s go ________ the road.
A. against B. among C. across D. above
5【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
6.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
考点2 辨析spend, take, cost与pay
I like to spend time there on weekends. 我喜欢在那儿度过周末时光。(p47)
考点 主语 常用句型
spend 主语通常是人 sb. spend(s) ... on sth.以及 sb. spend(s) ... (in) doing sth.,表示“某人 花时间 … 钱做某事”。
take 常用 it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间。 后 面只跟“时间”。
pay 主语是人 :sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱。 后面只跟“钱”。
cost 主语是物 sth. cost(s)sb. some money 某物花费某人一些钱; It costs sb. ... to do sth. 做……花了某人多少钱。 cost 后面只跟“钱”。
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖北省鄂州市】3. —How do you usually go to Wuhan from here
—By high-speed train. It ________ me only 20 minutes to get there.
A. spends B. pays C. costs D. takes
2. 【2023黑龙江绥化市】11. — Excuse me, is this coat yours
— Yes. I ________ 300 yuan ________ it.
A. payed; in B. paid; for C. paid; on
3.【2023青海省】9. According to the World Happiness Report 2023, Finland (芬兰) is the world’s happiest country. People ________ more time with families and friends there.
A. cost B. spend C. pay
4.【2023黑龙江哈尔滨】13. Tom Sawyer is my favorite book. It ________ me nearly 30 yuan.
A. spent B. cost C. paid
5.【2022广西省河池】9.I usually spend time ________ in the library on weekends.
A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read
6.【2022湖北十堰】4. I have no money on me because I often pay ________ things through WeChat (微信).
A. to B. of C. by D. for
考点3 What + do/ does +主语 +look like 句型
What does he look like 他长什么样?
句型“What + do / does +主语 +look like ”常用 来询问某人的外貌特征,意为“……看上去什么样 … 长什么样? ”。常用“主语+系动词+ 形容词”或“主语 + have/ has (+ a … an) + 形容词+ 名词”两种结构来 回答。 如:
— What does the girl look like 那个女孩长什么样
— She is tall and thin. — She has a round face. 她又高又瘦。 /她有张圆脸。
【注意】句型“What + be +主语 +like ”常用来询问某 人的个性、品质等。 如:
—What’s Tom like 汤姆是什么样的? He is very shy. 他很害羞。
【2020江苏连云港】11.—___________ is Ricky like
—He’s humorous He often tells us funny jokes.
A. He B. What C. Which D. Who
考点 4 enjoy的用法
It’s very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 那里非常安静,我喜欢在那里阅读。(p47)
enjoy作及物动词,后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接不定式。 enjoy sth.喜欢某物 Every child enjoys Christmas. 每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 Do you enjoy listening to music 你喜欢听音乐吗?
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快,相当于have a good time/have fun。 He enjoyed himself /had fun at the party. 他在聚会上玩得很愉快。
拓展 enjoyable (adj.) 令人愉悦的
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖南怀化】28. Many people enjoy ______ zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. making B. made C. to make
2.【2022辽宁省大连】43. For Tony, nothing is more ________ than playing tennis. (enjoy)
3.【2021年南京市】47. Tony’s sister enjoys ________(listen) to music and she often goes to concerts.
★★★★★语法突破★★★★★
考点一there be 句型
含义及用法 例句
表示存在,be 动词通常与其后名词的数保持一致 There are some children on the playground. 操场上有几个孩子。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
there be 句型可有各种时态,且时态就由其中的动词 be 来体现 There will be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英语电影。
当陈述部分为 there be 句型时,其后反意疑问句的主语仍然沿用 there There is nothing wrong, is there 没什么问题,是吗?
注意:There be结构中,还可以用seem, happen, stand, lie, appear, exist, remain等词代替be。
【中考连线】
1.【2023吉林长春】9. There _______ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk now.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
2.【2023甘肃武威、白银市】7. There ________ a big tree behind the shop. You can see many birds in it.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3.【2023辽宁抚顺】7. Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
4.【2023江苏宿迁】9. — There ________ a lot of new magazines in our school reading room.
— Oh, really Shall we go there this afternoon
A. is B. was C. are D. were
5.【2023江苏镇江】2. There ________ many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
6.【2022黑龙江省哈尔滨】6. —There will be ________ tomorrow. We can’t eat out.
—Well, we have to stay at home.
A. rainy B. rain C. raining
考点二方位介词
1.in, to, on辨析
词汇 含义及用法 例句
in 意为“在...范围之内",表示在某一地域地区之内的某方位(属于该范围) Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国东南部。
on 意为“毗邻,接壤,”“在.....上面"。表示与某地相邻的关系。 Hunan is on the east of Guizhou.湖南在贵州东面。
to 意为“在....范围外”,不强调是否接壤;或“到......"。表示在某一地域地区之外的某方位(不属该范围) England lies to the west of France.英国位于法国的西方。
这三个词表达位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含(in)、相离(to),相切(on)关系”。
【考点连线】
1.【2022黑龙江绥化】8. —A model plane is ________ the tree. Let’s get it down.
—Look! The apples ________ the tree are really red.
A. in; in B. on; in C. in; on
2.【2021年海南省】7. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
3.【2021年十堰市】4. — Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A. on B. to C. at D. in
4.【2020 重庆市B卷】The bank is _________ the left of the supermarket. It's not far.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
5.【2020 黑龙江省龙东地区】— Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.
— Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ________ the south of China, ________ the south of Henan.
A. in;to B. on;to C. in;on
2. above; over; on辨析
词汇 用法 例句
above 表示位置高于某人或某物,但不一定是正上方,反义词below The bird is flying low above the water.那只鸟在水面上低飞。
on 表示“在……之上”强调两物相接触 The children are drawing some pictures on the blackboard.孩子们正在黑板上画一些画。
over 表示在某人或某物的正上方,反义词是under The lamp hung over the table. 那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。
3. before, in front of, in the front of辨析
词汇 用法 例句
before 谈到次序的排列(如名单等) Your name comes before mine.你的名字在我前头。
表示“在(某重要人物)面前” He always put the interests of others before his own.
他总把他人的利益放在第一位。
in front of 表示“在(某一物体外部)前面” There is a car parking in front of the house. 有一辆汽车停在房子前面。(在房子之外)
in the front of 表示“在.......范围内的前部(在(某一物体外部)前面)” The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom. 老师的讲桌在教室的前部。(在教室之内)
注意:behind,in back of, in the back of(与before, in front of, in the front of 是一对反义词组)
【考点连线】
1.【2023湖南益阳】3. —Where’s Jenny I can’t see her.
—Maybe she is hiding ________ the door.
A. under B. between C. behind
2.【2021年天津市】4. Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A. between B. from C. behind D. among
3.【2021辽宁盘锦】3. The little boy hid himself ________ the door to give his sister a surprise.
A. behind B. above C. across D. under
重点词汇
重点短语
重点句型
What does he look like 他长什么样?
考点透析
考点1辨析:across, cross,over ,though 与past
It’s on Center Street. It’s across from the park.它在中心街上,就在公园对面。(p44)
三者都有“穿过;通过”之意,区别如下:
考点 意义及用法 示例
across 作介词,意为“横过;穿过”,指从表面通过,常和street,road,bridge等搭配 walk across the bridge
cross 作动词,意为“穿过;横过”,相当于go across cross the street
over 作介词,意为“横过;越过”,指 从有一定高度的物体上方越过 jump over the fence
through 作介词,意为“穿过;通过;经过”,指从内部通过,常和window,forest,door等搭配 go through the tunnel
past 作介词,意为“经过”,指从旁边经过 walk past the desk
【考点连线】
1.【2021浙江省温州市】5. Kate felt excited to see a group of sheep walking ________ her into a village in Qinghai.
A. over B. past C. across D. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:看到一群羊从她身边走过,走进青海的一个村庄,凯特感到很兴奋。over超过;past经过;across横穿;through从物体内部穿过。根据“walking ... her”可知是从她旁边经过,用past符合语境。故选B。
2.【2021年江苏无锡市】3. The sun shone ________ the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:阳光透过窗户照进来,在墙上留下了一道小小的彩虹。
beyond超过;along沿着;through从内部穿过;across横过,从一边到另一边。根据“The sun shone...the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.”可知,此处指阳光透过窗户照进来,应用through。故选C。
3.【2020 乐山】—Jack, can you swim ____________ the river
—I don't think I can. It's too wide for me.
A. over B. across C. through
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词。句意:——杰克,你能游泳穿过这条河么?——我认为不能,对我来说太宽了。over在……上面;across 指在某一空间从一段到另一端或呈十字交叉穿过,该动作在物体表面进行;through强调从人群或物体中间穿过,该动作在三维空间进行。根据“the river”可知从河里游过去,从表面过去,用介词across。故选B。
考点2 辨析spend, take, cost与pay
I like to spend time there on weekends. 我喜欢在那儿度过周末时光。(p47)
考点 主语 常用句型
spend 主语通常是人 sb. spend(s) ... on sth.以及 sb. spend(s) ... (in) doing sth.,表示“某人 花时间 … 钱做某事”。
take 常用 it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人一些时间。 后 面只跟“时间”。
pay 主语是人 :sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱。 后面只跟“钱”。
cost 主语是物 sth. cost(s)sb. some money 某物花费某人一些钱; It costs sb. ... to do sth. 做……花了某人多少钱。 cost 后面只跟“钱”。
【考点连线】
1.【2021江苏扬州市】8. — How did you come to Baoying
— By high-speed rail. It ________ me only 28 minutes to get here.
A. spent B. paid C. lost D. took
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:——你是怎么来宝应的?——坐高铁。只花了我28分钟就到了这里。spent花费,主语是人;paid付款,主语是人;lost失去;took花费,主语是it或物。根据“It…me only 28 minutes to get here.”可知,此处是“it takes/took sb+时间+to do sth”句型,故选D。
2.【2021 山东枣庄市】42. It took us about two hours _________ _________ the top of the mountai(n.) 我们花费了大约两个小时的时间到达山顶。
【答案】 (1). to (2). reach
【解析】It took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间,此处缺少动词不定式,第一空填to;“到达”可译为get to/arrive in/arrive at/reach,根据空格可知第二空填reach。故填to reach。
考点3 What + do … does +主语 +look like 句型
What does he look like 他长什么样?
句型“What + do … does +主语 +look like ”常用 来询问某人的外貌特征,意为“……看上去什么样 … 长什么样? ”。常用“主语+系动词+ 形容词”或“主语 + have … has (+ a … an) + 形容词+ 名词”两种结构来 回答。 如:
— What does the girl look like 那个女孩长什么样
— She is tall and thi(n.) — She has a round face. 她又高又瘦。 /她有张圆脸。
【注意】句型“What + be +主语 +like ”常用来询问某 人的个性、品质等。 如:
—What’s Tom like 汤姆是什么样的? He is very shy. 他很害羞。
【2020江苏连云港】11.—___________ is Ricky like
—He’s humorous He often tells us funny jokes.
A. He B. What C. Which D. Who
【答案】B
【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:——里基是怎样的人? ——他很幽默。 他经常给我们讲笑话。根据空后问号可知,本句是问句,所以选项A排除;根据回答“He’s humorous. He often tells us funny jokes”可知,前句是特殊疑问句,问人的性格;根据所学知识可知what be sb like?可以询问人的外貌,更多的是询问某人的成就,品质,性格等内在的东西,what is Ricky like符合上下文语境。故选B。
考点 4enjoy的用法
It’s very quiet and I enjoy reading there. 那里非常安静,我喜欢在那里阅读。(p47)
enjoy 通常只能用作及物动词,后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接不定式。即:
enjoy sth.喜欢某物
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快,相当于have a good time/have fun。例如:
Every child enjoys Christmas. 每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。
He enjoyed himself at the party. 他在聚会上玩得很愉快。
【考点连线】
【2021年南京市】47. Tony’s sister enjoys ________(listen) to music and she often goes to concerts.
【答案】listening
【解析】句意:托尼的妹妹喜欢听音乐,她经常去听音乐会。固定搭配:enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”,动名词作宾语,故填listening。
语法突破
考点一there be 句型
含义及用法 例句
表示存在,be 动词通常与其后名词的数保持一致 There are some children on the playground. 操场上有几个孩子。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
there be 句型可有各种时态,且时态就由其中的动词 be 来体现 There will be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英语电影。
当陈述部分为 there be 句型时,其后反意疑问句的主语仍然沿用 there There is nothing wrong, is there 没什么问题,是吗?
注意:There be结构中,还可以用seem, happen, stand, lie, appear, exist, remain等词代替be。
1.【2021年长春市】14. There __________ two people waiting for you outside now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在有两个人在外面等你。根据“now”可知,句子应用一般现在时,排除C/D选项;there be句型中be动词形式取决于其后的名词,“two people”是复数名词,be动词应用are,故选B。
2.【2020青海省】18.—________ an amusement center, some restaurants and hundreds of stores in the shopping mall.
—Wow, it’s amazing. I will go next week.
A. There is B. There are C. There will be
【答案】A
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:——在购物中心有一个娱乐中心、一些餐厅和数百家商店。——哇,这太棒了。我下星期去。there be句型中be动词遵循就近一致原则,与离得最近的主语an amusement的数保持一致,an amusement是单数,be动词用is,排除B。故选A。
3.【2020上海】31.There________more than two ways to solve this maths problem.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:解决这道数学题的方法不止两种。be动词一般现在时的形式am;is;are;根据there be 句型谓语动词就近原则,more than two ways是复数形式,故选C。
4.【2020湖北恩施州】13.There________ only a few things in the room, like a bed, some chairs and an old desk.
A. was B. were C. is
【答案】B
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:只有少量的东西在房间里,一张床、一些椅子和一个旧的课桌。was是,单数,过去式;were是,过去式;is是,单数;一般现在时。there be+名词的句型采取就近原则,be的单复数与最近的名词的单复数一致。此处a few things是复数名词,be动词此处用were。故选B。
考点二方位介词
1.in, to, on辨析
词汇 含义及用法 例句
in 意为“在...范围之内",表示在某一地域地区之内的某方位(属于该范围) Taiwan is in the southeast of China.台湾位于中国东南部。
on 意为“毗邻,接壤,”“在.....上面"。表示与某地相邻的关系。 Hunan is on the east of Guizhou.湖南在贵州东面。
to 意为“在....范围外”,不强调是否接壤;或“到......"。表示在某一地域地区之外的某方位(不属该范围) England lies to the west of France.英国位于法国的西方。
这三个词表达位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含(in)、相离(to),相切(on)关系”。
【考点连线】
1.【2021年海南省】7. Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of China.
A. in B. on C. to
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:三沙坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。in在……里面;on相接壤;to一个城市在另一个城市之外。三沙位于中国内部,用介词in。故选A。
2.【2021年十堰市】4. — Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A. on B. to C. at D. in
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:——人民公园在哪里? ——沿着公园路走,在第二个十字路口右转,它就在你的左边。on(表示方向)在;to到……;at在(某处);in在……里。根据下文“your left”提示,此处表示的是在某个方向上,故应用介词on,故选A。
3.【2020 重庆市B卷】The bank is _________ the left of the supermarket. It's not far.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:银行在超市的左边。距离并不远。in在……里;for为了;on在……上;at后接小地点。根据the left of the supermarket,可知,此空表示“在超市的左边”,固定搭配:on the left of“在……的左边”,所以空格处填on。故选C。
4.【2020 黑龙江省龙东地区】— Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.
— Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s ________ the south of China, ________ the south of Henan.
A. in;to B. on;to C. in;on
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——许多医生和护士在二月去了湖北。 ——湖北离黑龙江很远。它在中国的南部,在河南的南部。考查介词。in表示在某一地区内的某方位,属于该范围的;to表示在某一地区外部的方位,不属于该范围的且不接壤的;on表示两地是相邻接壤的关系。根据常识可知,湖北省在中国境内,故第一个空应用介词in,B选项可排除;湖北与河南接壤且位于河南南部,故第二个空应用介词on。故选C。
5.【2020上海】28.Mr. Smith always encourages his students to be active ________class.
A. in B. by C. with D. from
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:史密斯先生总是鼓励他的学生在课堂上积极主动。in在……里面;by……被;with带有……;from来自……;根据语境可知此处指在课堂上,英语的表达为in class;故选A。
2. above; over; on辨析
词汇 用法 例句
above 表示位置高于某人或某物,但不一定是正上方,反义词below The bird is flying low above the water.那只鸟在水面上低飞。
on 表示“在……之上”强调两物相接触 The children are drawing some pictures on the blackboard.孩子们正在黑板上画一些画。
over 表示在某人或某物的正上方,反义词是under The lamp hung over the table. 那盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。
3. before, in front of, in the front of辨析
词汇 用法 例句
before 谈到次序的排列(如名单等) Your name comes before mine.你的名字在我前头。
表示“在(某重要人物)面前” He always put the interests of others before his own.
他总把他人的利益放在第一位。
in front of 表示“在(某一物体外部)前面” There is a car parking in front of the house. 有一辆汽车停在房子前面。(在房子之外)
in the front of 表示“在.......范围内的前部(在(某一物体外部)前面)” The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom. 老师的讲桌在教室的前部。(在教室之内)
注意:behind,in back of, in the back of(与before, in front of, in the front of 是一对反义词组)
【考点连线】
1.【2021年天津市】4. Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A. between B. from C. behind D. among
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。between在……之间(两者);from来自;behind在……后面;among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知,这里指她坐在我后面,故选C。
2.【2021辽宁盘锦】3. The little boy hid himself ________ the door to give his sister a surprise.
A. behind B. above C. across D. under
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:小男孩藏在门后想给他妹妹一个惊喜。behind在……后面;above在……上面;across穿过;under在……下面。根据“hid himself … the door to give his sister a surprise.”可知,是藏在门后,故选A。
D. myself
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