人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 课件(共44张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 课件(共44张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-20 20:13:33 | ||
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(共44张PPT)
Period 1 : Reading and Thinking
人教版2019选择性必修第四册
Unit 1 ：Science Fiction
1.To develop your interest in reading English novels by appreciating the story.
2.To develop the students’ communicative ability through designed group and pair activities.
3.To develop your communicative ability through designed group and pair activities.
Teaching objectives
Contents
Lead-in
1
Language Points
6
Pre-reading
2
Homework
4
5
Post-reading
While-reading
3
Lead-in
What is science fiction
Science fiction, abbreviation SF or sci-fi, is a form of fiction that deals principally with the impact of actual or imagined science upon society or individuals.
Lead-in
Have you read any science fiction What elements does science fiction usually include
Yes, I have read some. These stories often contain scientific devices that we do not have now, and technologies that seem impossible, such as time travel. The characters may have bodies, cultures, and backgrounds that are very different than our own. The themes often include space exploration, alien contact, AI, and the future of humans, etc.
Pre-reading
Do you know who he is
Issac Asimov
(1920-1992)
Pre-reading
Today’s science fiction is tomorrow’s science fact.
—Isaac Asimov
What we read about in science fiction stories today will become reality in the future.
a famous American science fiction writer
full of imagination and creativity
develop a set of three “laws” for robots
Pre-reading
How do robots already help humans in their lives today What do you think a domestic robot could do for a family in the future
Pre-reading
Robots are most commonly used today in factories to make things. There are a few robots which are being used in shops and in the home, but for the most part they appear to be information providers, educational toys, or house cleaners.
There has been a lot of work to design domestic robots lately, and they may soon be a reality.
Many of these robots are being designed for the handicapped or the elderly. For example, a handicapped person or an elderly person who has trouble moving around the house could be helped by a robot. The robot can also cook and feed people when they need help.
While-reading
Read the text, find out the main idea of the text.
It is mainly about how a household _________ was ______ ________ in a family.
robot
tested
out
Predicting: What kind of genre（体裁） is this text
A. descriptive 描写文
B. Narrative 记叙文
C. Expository 说明文
D. Argumentation 议论文
While-reading
Characters Who are they
Larry Belmont
Claire
Claire’s husband who works for a company that makes domestic robots
Larry’s wife who has Tony, a domestic robot, in her home for three weeks to take
Tony
Gladys Claffern
A domestic robot made by Larry’s company to take care of Claire.
A wealthy woman whom Claire admires and wants to be.
While-reading
Claire
Larry Belmont
Tony
couple
to test out
made
Gladys Claffern
a woman that Claire envies
a robot
Larry Belmont’s wife, housewife
While-reading
Claire’s feelings towards Tony changed as the story developed. Review the story and then complete the chart.
Occasion Claire Occasion Claire
1. before he arrived disliked him 5. called him a dear
2. was alarmed 6. felt his warmth
3. felt embarrassed 7. felt being envied
4. admired him 8. cried all night
when she first saw him
when offered
to help dressing
when offered sympathy
when going shopping
when falling off a ladder
when hearing the ladies’ whispering
when remembering
Tony was a robot
While-reading
Read the story and fill in the following blanks. Please pay attention to Tony’s functions and Claire’s emotions.
Tony and Claire
Getting to know each other
＊Before Tony arrived: Claire did not welcome him.
＊When she first saw him: She found he was like a(n) 1. ________. [alarmed]
＊On the second morning: He brought Claire breakfast and asked about 2. ________. [embarrassed]
human
dressing
While-reading
Read the story and fill in the following blanks. Please pay attention to Tony’s functions and Claire’s emotions.
Helping and protecting Claire
＊One day: He offered 3. ________ to her.
＊And then: He promised to make her more beautiful and her home more 4. ________. [admiring and trusting]
＊Then: He turned each page and scanned library books. [surprised]
＊Afterwards: He spoke to the woman who was rude to Claire and the woman changed her attitude.
sympathy
elegant
While-reading
＊Then: Gladys discovered her calling Tony “dear”.
[5. ________ ]
＊When she got home: He suggested inviting Gladys and her friends to her 6. ___________ house.
＊When working on a light: Tony held Claire when she was falling off the 7. ________. [nervous]
The end
＊When the party arrived: He took her in his arms and 8. ________ he did not want to leave the next day.
guilty
transformed
ladder
declared
Why Was Claire satisfied with Tony
She was not so beautiful
Her house was not elegant
The woman was rude to her
She wanted to be another Gladys
she once helped but clumsy
He gave her a new haircut and
changed the make up she wore
He transformed the house completely
He made the saleswoman change
his attitude
He suggested a party in her house
He managed to catch her in time from the next room
Post-reading
What are the similarities and differences between Tony and a human being
Comparison the same as similar to similarly more like just as in comparison in the same way
Contrast different from but while whereas although however
on the other hand in contrast
Post-reading
What are the similarities and differences between Tony and a human being
Tony
Human being
programmed to appear sensitive
can show true sensitivity and care
always the same
emotions can change
offers sympathy
treats people kindly
warm body
Post-reading
Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot Why
Yes, I do, because the robot thinks and acts like human beings, which can make us forget the differences between robots and human beings. Our love for someone mainly comes from emotion instead of the matter of what we are made of.
Post-reading
How do you think this story will end
What would happen next in the party Was it a success
What would happen to Claire Was she eventually satisfied
What would happen to Tony Did he pass the test in the experiment
Happy ending
Sad ending
Surprise ending
Post-reading
Is it a challenge or an opportunity for the future development of mankind
Sample Speech
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Currently many tasks done by the humans are now increasingly being done by industrial robots.
We believe that it will be a challenge for the future development of mankind.
From one perspective, ... In addition, ... Lastly, ...
In conclusion, ...
Language Points
重点词汇
1. n.小说;虚构的事
2. n.意外收获;奖金;红利
3. n.诚实正直;完整;完好
4. n.庄重;庄严;尊严
5. n.女售货员;女推销员
6. adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
7. vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓
8. vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除
9. vt.表明;宣称;公布
fiction
bonus
integrity
dignity
saleswoman
guilty
suspend
dismiss
declare
Language Points
重点短语
1. 检验;测试
2. 更像是;更接近
3. 用……做试验
4. 有个约会
5. 转身
6.fall off
7.push...away
8.be similar to
9.on the other hand
10.in contrast
test out
more like
experiment with
have an appointment
turn around
掉下来
把……推开
与……相似
另一方面
相反
1 It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife,Claire.(P2)它将由拉里的夫人克莱尔进行测试。
◆ test out检验;测试
When you test out the application,you should notice that everything is working again.
在测试应用程序时,您应注意到所有一切又恢复正常了。
Language Points
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
give out 发出,分发
try out 测试,试验
let out 发出(叫声等);加宽(衣服)
run out 用完,耗尽
try out for 参加选拔
The fire can be compared with the sun,and both give out light and heat.
火可以与太阳相比,两者都发光发热。
Players have to try out for the team and be approved by a majority of players.
他们入队要经过选拔并取得多数运动员的同意。
Language Points
【迁移应用】
用前面的短语填空
(1)The new product which will next month is a combination of traditional methods and artificial intelligence.
(2)The English teacher the examination papers at 7:50 yesterday.
(3)Conditions are getting worse and supplies .
be tested out
gave out
are running out
Language Points
2He seemed more like a human than a machine.(P2)他看上去更像一个人,而不是一台机器。
◆ more like更像是;更接近
I’d say he was more like his father,if anything.
依我看,如果一定要说他像谁的话,他更像他的父亲。
The blind man said that the elephant was more like a spear than anything else.
那个盲人说,大象更像长矛,而不是其他东西。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
less like 不像
nothing like 丝毫不像;绝对不
there is nothing like 没有比……好的
something like 有点像
anything like 与……相像,多用于疑问句或否定句中
There’s nothing like candlelight for creating a romantic mood.
再没什么比烛光更能营造浪漫气氛了。
If we hear something like a loud train coming,then we have to go in the basement.如果我们听到了像轰隆的火车接近的声音时,我们必须进入地下室。
Language Points
It is more a poem than a picture.
More than 100 chemical elements are known to man, of which about 80 are metals.
The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.
She is more than a teacher to us. She is our friend.
I am more than happy to hear that.
More than one saleswoman was dismissed in this supermarket because of recession.
与其说……不如说……
多于
非……所能；是……所不能
不只是；不仅仅是
非常
不止一个
注意：more than one 后接可数名词单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Language Points
3She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry,who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary.(P2)
她告诉托尼,对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位并拿更高工资的人来说,她的家不够高雅,这让她很不高兴。
◆ salary n.薪水;薪金
The job is great in terms of salary,but it has its disadvantages.
从薪水方面来讲,这份工作很好,但也有缺点。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
earn/get/receive a salary 赚工资
pay sb a salary 付给某人工资
offer sb a salary 给某人工资
salary raise/increase 加薪
(1)They (付给这位名医高工资),most of which was donated by him.
(2)He (赚取工资),which can cover the expense of his family.
paid the famous doctor a good/big salary
earns/gets/receives a salary
Language Points
4She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(P2)
她预约去美甲,之后走进一家昂贵的服装店。
◆ appointment n.预约;约会;委任
I have to change my appointment from Monday to Thursday.
我不得不把约会从周一改到周四。
They congratulated him on his appointment as chairman of the club.
他们祝贺他被任命为俱乐部的主席。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
have an appointment with sb 与某人有约会
make an appointment (with sb) (与某人)预约
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
appoint vt. 任命;委派
appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
Language Points
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)Yesterday,Sam (appoint) as manager of the engineering department.
(2)She was waiting at my apartment at the (appoint) time to go to Disney World.
(3)I was appointed (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
(4)I have made an appointment my dentist to have my tooth pulled out this afternoon.
was appointed
appointed
to take
with
Language Points
5She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.(P3)她听托尼说,明天他不想离开她,而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。
◆ declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
The United States declared its independence from Britain in 1776.
美国于1776年宣布脱离英国独立。
There being no further business,the chairman declared the meeting closed.由于没有其他的事情,主席宣布散会。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
declare that... 宣告……;宣称……
declare...to be/as... 宣布……为/是……
declare for/against 赞成/反对……
declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
declare war on/against 向……宣战
declaration n. 宣布
Language Points
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)The competition (declare) open yesterday.
(2)In 1972,Richard Nixon declared the third Sunday of June every year
Father’s Day in America.
(3)The (declare) of Independence was made in America in 1776.
(4)The accused man was declared (be) innocent by the court.
(5)We must declare war this kind of idea.
was declared
as
Declaration
to be
on/against
Language Points
6As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.(P2)她刚一转过身去,就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。
【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。as引导的是时间状语从句,there stood Gladys Claffern是主句,主句是一个倒装句。当表示方位的副词here和 there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。
There come the teacher and her students.
老师和她的学生们来了。
There stands a wooden tower on the top of the hill.
在山顶上有一座木塔。
Language Points
【句式拓展】
(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首,且主语是名词,谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。此时,句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Away went the boys.男孩们离开了。
Out rushed the dog when it heard its master’s voice.
一听到主人的声音,这条狗就冲了出去。
注意:如果句子的主语是代词,动词要放在主语之后。
—Here comes the bus.
—Yes,here it comes.
——公共汽车来了。
——是的,它来了。
Language Points
(2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,且主语是比较长的名词短语时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着一个年轻男人,手里拿着一本杂志。
Such are the facts;no one can deny them.
这些就是事实,没有人可以否认它们。
Language Points
(3)有时为了强调,可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装。
Standing beside the table was his wife.
站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。
Language Points
There stands an old temple which dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
In the center of our school lies our library, which is between the garden and the teaching building.
Present at the evening party was our favourite English teacher.
Lying on the floor was a wounded peasant boy.
Such were his words.
Compare and find
Homework
Write an ending part of the story.
Period 1 : Reading and Thinking
人教版2019选择性必修第四册
Unit 1 ：Science Fiction
1.To develop your interest in reading English novels by appreciating the story.
2.To develop the students’ communicative ability through designed group and pair activities.
3.To develop your communicative ability through designed group and pair activities.
Teaching objectives
Contents
Lead-in
1
Language Points
6
Pre-reading
2
Homework
4
5
Post-reading
While-reading
3
Lead-in
What is science fiction
Science fiction, abbreviation SF or sci-fi, is a form of fiction that deals principally with the impact of actual or imagined science upon society or individuals.
Lead-in
Have you read any science fiction What elements does science fiction usually include
Yes, I have read some. These stories often contain scientific devices that we do not have now, and technologies that seem impossible, such as time travel. The characters may have bodies, cultures, and backgrounds that are very different than our own. The themes often include space exploration, alien contact, AI, and the future of humans, etc.
Pre-reading
Do you know who he is
Issac Asimov
(1920-1992)
Pre-reading
Today’s science fiction is tomorrow’s science fact.
—Isaac Asimov
What we read about in science fiction stories today will become reality in the future.
a famous American science fiction writer
full of imagination and creativity
develop a set of three “laws” for robots
Pre-reading
How do robots already help humans in their lives today What do you think a domestic robot could do for a family in the future
Pre-reading
Robots are most commonly used today in factories to make things. There are a few robots which are being used in shops and in the home, but for the most part they appear to be information providers, educational toys, or house cleaners.
There has been a lot of work to design domestic robots lately, and they may soon be a reality.
Many of these robots are being designed for the handicapped or the elderly. For example, a handicapped person or an elderly person who has trouble moving around the house could be helped by a robot. The robot can also cook and feed people when they need help.
While-reading
Read the text, find out the main idea of the text.
It is mainly about how a household _________ was ______ ________ in a family.
robot
tested
out
Predicting: What kind of genre（体裁） is this text
A. descriptive 描写文
B. Narrative 记叙文
C. Expository 说明文
D. Argumentation 议论文
While-reading
Characters Who are they
Larry Belmont
Claire
Claire’s husband who works for a company that makes domestic robots
Larry’s wife who has Tony, a domestic robot, in her home for three weeks to take
Tony
Gladys Claffern
A domestic robot made by Larry’s company to take care of Claire.
A wealthy woman whom Claire admires and wants to be.
While-reading
Claire
Larry Belmont
Tony
couple
to test out
made
Gladys Claffern
a woman that Claire envies
a robot
Larry Belmont’s wife, housewife
While-reading
Claire’s feelings towards Tony changed as the story developed. Review the story and then complete the chart.
Occasion Claire Occasion Claire
1. before he arrived disliked him 5. called him a dear
2. was alarmed 6. felt his warmth
3. felt embarrassed 7. felt being envied
4. admired him 8. cried all night
when she first saw him
when offered
to help dressing
when offered sympathy
when going shopping
when falling off a ladder
when hearing the ladies’ whispering
when remembering
Tony was a robot
While-reading
Read the story and fill in the following blanks. Please pay attention to Tony’s functions and Claire’s emotions.
Tony and Claire
Getting to know each other
＊Before Tony arrived: Claire did not welcome him.
＊When she first saw him: She found he was like a(n) 1. ________. [alarmed]
＊On the second morning: He brought Claire breakfast and asked about 2. ________. [embarrassed]
human
dressing
While-reading
Read the story and fill in the following blanks. Please pay attention to Tony’s functions and Claire’s emotions.
Helping and protecting Claire
＊One day: He offered 3. ________ to her.
＊And then: He promised to make her more beautiful and her home more 4. ________. [admiring and trusting]
＊Then: He turned each page and scanned library books. [surprised]
＊Afterwards: He spoke to the woman who was rude to Claire and the woman changed her attitude.
sympathy
elegant
While-reading
＊Then: Gladys discovered her calling Tony “dear”.
[5. ________ ]
＊When she got home: He suggested inviting Gladys and her friends to her 6. ___________ house.
＊When working on a light: Tony held Claire when she was falling off the 7. ________. [nervous]
The end
＊When the party arrived: He took her in his arms and 8. ________ he did not want to leave the next day.
guilty
transformed
ladder
declared
Why Was Claire satisfied with Tony
She was not so beautiful
Her house was not elegant
The woman was rude to her
She wanted to be another Gladys
she once helped but clumsy
He gave her a new haircut and
changed the make up she wore
He transformed the house completely
He made the saleswoman change
his attitude
He suggested a party in her house
He managed to catch her in time from the next room
Post-reading
What are the similarities and differences between Tony and a human being
Comparison the same as similar to similarly more like just as in comparison in the same way
Contrast different from but while whereas although however
on the other hand in contrast
Post-reading
What are the similarities and differences between Tony and a human being
Tony
Human being
programmed to appear sensitive
can show true sensitivity and care
always the same
emotions can change
offers sympathy
treats people kindly
warm body
Post-reading
Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot Why
Yes, I do, because the robot thinks and acts like human beings, which can make us forget the differences between robots and human beings. Our love for someone mainly comes from emotion instead of the matter of what we are made of.
Post-reading
How do you think this story will end
What would happen next in the party Was it a success
What would happen to Claire Was she eventually satisfied
What would happen to Tony Did he pass the test in the experiment
Happy ending
Sad ending
Surprise ending
Post-reading
Is it a challenge or an opportunity for the future development of mankind
Sample Speech
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Currently many tasks done by the humans are now increasingly being done by industrial robots.
We believe that it will be a challenge for the future development of mankind.
From one perspective, ... In addition, ... Lastly, ...
In conclusion, ...
Language Points
重点词汇
1. n.小说;虚构的事
2. n.意外收获;奖金;红利
3. n.诚实正直;完整;完好
4. n.庄重;庄严;尊严
5. n.女售货员;女推销员
6. adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
7. vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓
8. vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除
9. vt.表明;宣称;公布
fiction
bonus
integrity
dignity
saleswoman
guilty
suspend
dismiss
declare
Language Points
重点短语
1. 检验;测试
2. 更像是;更接近
3. 用……做试验
4. 有个约会
5. 转身
6.fall off
7.push...away
8.be similar to
9.on the other hand
10.in contrast
test out
more like
experiment with
have an appointment
turn around
掉下来
把……推开
与……相似
另一方面
相反
1 It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife,Claire.(P2)它将由拉里的夫人克莱尔进行测试。
◆ test out检验;测试
When you test out the application,you should notice that everything is working again.
在测试应用程序时,您应注意到所有一切又恢复正常了。
Language Points
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
give out 发出,分发
try out 测试,试验
let out 发出(叫声等);加宽(衣服)
run out 用完,耗尽
try out for 参加选拔
The fire can be compared with the sun,and both give out light and heat.
火可以与太阳相比,两者都发光发热。
Players have to try out for the team and be approved by a majority of players.
他们入队要经过选拔并取得多数运动员的同意。
Language Points
【迁移应用】
用前面的短语填空
(1)The new product which will next month is a combination of traditional methods and artificial intelligence.
(2)The English teacher the examination papers at 7:50 yesterday.
(3)Conditions are getting worse and supplies .
be tested out
gave out
are running out
Language Points
2He seemed more like a human than a machine.(P2)他看上去更像一个人,而不是一台机器。
◆ more like更像是;更接近
I’d say he was more like his father,if anything.
依我看,如果一定要说他像谁的话,他更像他的父亲。
The blind man said that the elephant was more like a spear than anything else.
那个盲人说,大象更像长矛,而不是其他东西。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
less like 不像
nothing like 丝毫不像;绝对不
there is nothing like 没有比……好的
something like 有点像
anything like 与……相像,多用于疑问句或否定句中
There’s nothing like candlelight for creating a romantic mood.
再没什么比烛光更能营造浪漫气氛了。
If we hear something like a loud train coming,then we have to go in the basement.如果我们听到了像轰隆的火车接近的声音时,我们必须进入地下室。
Language Points
It is more a poem than a picture.
More than 100 chemical elements are known to man, of which about 80 are metals.
The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.
She is more than a teacher to us. She is our friend.
I am more than happy to hear that.
More than one saleswoman was dismissed in this supermarket because of recession.
与其说……不如说……
多于
非……所能；是……所不能
不只是；不仅仅是
非常
不止一个
注意：more than one 后接可数名词单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
Language Points
3She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant enough for Larry,who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary.(P2)
她告诉托尼,对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位并拿更高工资的人来说,她的家不够高雅,这让她很不高兴。
◆ salary n.薪水;薪金
The job is great in terms of salary,but it has its disadvantages.
从薪水方面来讲,这份工作很好,但也有缺点。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
earn/get/receive a salary 赚工资
pay sb a salary 付给某人工资
offer sb a salary 给某人工资
salary raise/increase 加薪
(1)They (付给这位名医高工资),most of which was donated by him.
(2)He (赚取工资),which can cover the expense of his family.
paid the famous doctor a good/big salary
earns/gets/receives a salary
Language Points
4She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(P2)
她预约去美甲,之后走进一家昂贵的服装店。
◆ appointment n.预约;约会;委任
I have to change my appointment from Monday to Thursday.
我不得不把约会从周一改到周四。
They congratulated him on his appointment as chairman of the club.
他们祝贺他被任命为俱乐部的主席。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
have an appointment with sb 与某人有约会
make an appointment (with sb) (与某人)预约
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
appoint vt. 任命;委派
appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
Language Points
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)Yesterday,Sam (appoint) as manager of the engineering department.
(2)She was waiting at my apartment at the (appoint) time to go to Disney World.
(3)I was appointed (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
(4)I have made an appointment my dentist to have my tooth pulled out this afternoon.
was appointed
appointed
to take
with
Language Points
5She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.(P3)她听托尼说,明天他不想离开她,而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。
◆ declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
The United States declared its independence from Britain in 1776.
美国于1776年宣布脱离英国独立。
There being no further business,the chairman declared the meeting closed.由于没有其他的事情,主席宣布散会。
Language Points
【词汇拓展】
declare that... 宣告……;宣称……
declare...to be/as... 宣布……为/是……
declare for/against 赞成/反对……
declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
declare war on/against 向……宣战
declaration n. 宣布
Language Points
【迁移应用】
单句语法填空
(1)The competition (declare) open yesterday.
(2)In 1972,Richard Nixon declared the third Sunday of June every year
Father’s Day in America.
(3)The (declare) of Independence was made in America in 1776.
(4)The accused man was declared (be) innocent by the court.
(5)We must declare war this kind of idea.
was declared
as
Declaration
to be
on/against
Language Points
6As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.(P2)她刚一转过身去,就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。
【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。as引导的是时间状语从句,there stood Gladys Claffern是主句,主句是一个倒装句。当表示方位的副词here和 there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。
There come the teacher and her students.
老师和她的学生们来了。
There stands a wooden tower on the top of the hill.
在山顶上有一座木塔。
Language Points
【句式拓展】
(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首,且主语是名词,谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。此时,句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Away went the boys.男孩们离开了。
Out rushed the dog when it heard its master’s voice.
一听到主人的声音,这条狗就冲了出去。
注意:如果句子的主语是代词,动词要放在主语之后。
—Here comes the bus.
—Yes,here it comes.
——公共汽车来了。
——是的,它来了。
Language Points
(2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,且主语是比较长的名词短语时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语。
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着一个年轻男人,手里拿着一本杂志。
Such are the facts;no one can deny them.
这些就是事实,没有人可以否认它们。
Language Points
(3)有时为了强调,可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装。
Standing beside the table was his wife.
站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。
Language Points
There stands an old temple which dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
In the center of our school lies our library, which is between the garden and the teaching building.
Present at the evening party was our favourite English teacher.
Lying on the floor was a wounded peasant boy.
Such were his words.
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Homework
Write an ending part of the story.