人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Using Language 精讲课件 (共49张PPT)
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(共49张PPT)
Period 3 : Using Language
人教版2019选择性必修第四册
Unit 1 ：Science Fiction
1.To listen to an interview between the host and a sci-fi expert about robots.
2.To talk about what you think of robot technology.
3.To write a sci-fi short story.
4.Use the passive voice correctly to express your ideas.
5.To develop critical thinking by discussing some questions after watching the video.
Teaching objectives
Contents
Listening and Speaking
1
Reading and Writing
2
Assessing Your Progress
3
Video Time
4
Language points
5
Listening and Speaking
What is AI and where can AI be used
It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence.AI can be used in many fields, such as entertainment, medicine, transportation, education, tourism, security as well as finance.
Listening and Speaking
What jobs are these robots doing What are the pros and cons of robots doing these jobs
What kinds of robots or AI developments do you hope for
Listening and Speaking
⑤ working in a factory
① serving in a restaurant
② playing the piano
③ playing musical instruments
④ playing ball
1 The host introduces the guest, a sci-fi expert.
___ The expert has robots in his home.
___ As robots become more intelligent, they may also become more
dangerous.
___ The host mentions Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics.
___ The expert says robots will have occupations such as teaching
and nursing.
___ The line between humans and robots will be more blurred in the
future.
___ The host asks about benefits and problems.
___ The host asks if there are robots in the expert’s home.
___ In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
9
4
5
2
7
3
8
6
Listen to an interview and put these statements in the correct order.
Listen to the interview again and write down the discourse markers that you hear.
Listen for discourse markers
Discourse markers are used to organise a text by marking sequence, contrast, opinion, purpose, and soon. Listening for discourse markers can help you understand a text more easily. For example, first, however, above all, in order to, etc.
just now; so; well; but; however; above all
Answer:
Function Discourse marker
to start or end conversations now, so, right, in general, to sum up, for a start, …
to change topics What’s more, well, but, however, anyway, …
to order or sequence first (of all), above all, next,…
to show interest/ surprise/ sympathy sure, good, quite, wonderful, exactly, absolutely, certainly, definitely, I see, (all) right, That’s great/ interesting/ amazing/ awful…
Function Discourse marker
to rephrase or change what we say well, in other words, the thing is, I mean, you know what I mean, what I mean is…
to mark the old, shared, or expected knowledge and new knowledge just now, you know, see, you see, the thing is…
to mark attitude or point of view in speaking or writing honestly, basically, predictably, no doubt, to tell you the truth, I think, I’m afraid, of course I must admit, if you ask me, I must say…
Not to sound too direct or forceful like, just, maybe, apparently, sort of, kind of, perhaps, roughly, arguably, presumably…
Listening and Speaking
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views.
What do you know about robot technology What can robots do
What benefits do you think robots or AI will bring Do you think they will cause problems as well
Listening and Speaking
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views.
Oh, by the way, ...
Oh, I remember, …
What I meant to tell/ask you is …
That reminds me of …
I think we ought to move on to ...
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you.
I nearly forgot! …
…, but (perhaps) that’s beside the point.
The next item on the agenda is …
On the one hand … On The other hand …
Could I change the subject
Changing the topic
Oh, by the way, ...
Oh, I remember, …
What I meant to tell/ask you is …
That reminds me of …
I think we ought to move on to ...
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you.
Reading and Writing
H.G. Wells
(1866–1946)
H.G. Wells (1866-1946) is — along with Jules Verne — most often credited with being the inventor of the science fiction genre. He was born in Kent, England.
The Time Machine
The film, The Time Machine was adapted from a novel of the same name, written by H. G. Wells.
Well’s contribution was the idea that all of the details in the story should be as closely grounded in reality as possible, with the exception of one element which was fantastical. By having everything else grounded in reality, audiences are more willing to accept the fantastical element as true.
lever on the main panel forwards
sat myself in the leather seat
gave it a last check
a leather seat
a starting lever
the main panel
Reading and Writing
Read an extract from this story and find out how many times the Time Traveler started the machine.
4 times
I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
I drew a breath, gripped the lever and pushed it forwards.
I pushed the lever further.
I pulled the lever backwards hard.
Reading and Writing
Beginning:
start the machine
Developing:
while travelling (feelings and changes)
Climax:
come to the future
narrative
Reading and Writing
What date do you think it is when the Time Traveller finally stops
What do you think is different about that time from the time he left
Who or what do you think the Time Traveller will meet
What adventures do you think he will have in the future
Do you think he will ever return to his own time
What might happen next in the story
Reading and Writing
What will your time machine look like
magic school bus
racing car
door / portal / phone box
glass elevator with buttons to set the time
flying blanket / capsule
APP– Time Traveller
Reading and Writing
How to write a good sci-fi short story
A good sci-fi short story
organisation
useful expressions
elements
language feature
Assessing Your Progress
fetch superior to calculate have an urge to
suspend dismiss explode pace
1. Batteries are not allowed by airlines in checked luggage, as they might __________ due to overheating.
2. The new generation of smartphones is greatly _____________ older version.
3. Since I don’t have much time, I need to __________ how long it will take me to do the task.
explode
superior to
calculate
Complete the following sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
4. Ordered by its master, the AI dog _________ the book from the bookshelf.
5. I was so pleased to hear the bell ring and our teacher announce, “Class is ____________”
6. The company has to __________ the space exploration project due to financial problems.
fetched
dismissed
suspend
7. City people are experiencing increasing psychological pressure as a result of a faster _______ of life and rising competition.
8. At one time or another, each of us probably _________________ break the routine of daily life and try something new.
pace
has an urge to
Assessing Your Progress
Read and complete the following sentences with appropriate forms of the words in brackets.
1. Mobile phones must __________________ during the concert. (switch off)
2. When I came here at this time last year, the conference hall _______________. (build)
3. Topics like life in the future, AI development, and aliens __________________ in sci-fi. (often found).
be switched off
was being built
are often found
4. Do you know which country _____________ by Italy, Austria, Germany, and France (border)
5. Continuous research _______________________ on smart schools, smart homes, and smart cities. (conduct)
6. It should ___________ that the result of your examinations will not ________________. (note; publicise)
7. It _____________________ that more species will become extinct if we continue to destroy the ecosystem. (assume)
8. All members of the audience should _____________ smartly, and the wearing of slippers ________________ in the concert hall. (dress; not allow)
is bordered
is being conducted
be noted
be publicised
is assumed
be dressed
is not allowed
Assessing Your Progress
Write a list of as many robot characters or AI devices as you can think of.
the Star Wars movie Wall. E Big Hero Six
the Transformers movies Pacific Rim the Foundation Series
Assessing Your Progress
Make a table like the one below and fill in the parts for different robot characters and AI devices on you list.
Movie/Novel Name Characteristic Function/ Ability Unique quality
Star wars R2-D2 Brave, funny. mischievous Co-pilot, hack computers He speaks in beeps and whistles
Video Time
What did you know about mysterious crop circles
Crop circle, large geometric (几何图形的) pattern of flattened crops, most often found in fields in southern England. Crop circles are said by some who have studied them to be messages from intelligent extraterrestrial (地球外的) life, but many have been
proved to be the work of humans.
Video Time
Look at the photos from the video and discuss the questions in groups.
Video Time
Look at the photos from the video and discuss the questions in groups.
1. What do you think these patterns represent
2. Who or what do you think made patterns and how
I don’t think these patterns represent anything. They just look like nice designs.
I think they were made by people as a practical joke.
Video Time
Watch the video and discuss the questions.
1. Who do some people think the circles are made by
2. Why did Mr. Presley decide to find out more about the circles
Some people suggest that different cultures may have constructed them as ways of communicating with aliens. Others say that ancient peoples must have created them to please the gods.
He loves puzzles.
4. Why do Matthew and his team like making crop circles
3. Where were other types of circles found
In a forest near Vancouver, a body of water while the area around it remains frozen.
Because they think that crop circle design is actually a creative art done by human beings, and the teams sometimes challenge each other to amaze the public by showing what they can do in an evening.
Watch the video and discuss the questions.
Video Time
Discuss the following questions in groups.
1. Do you believe crop circles are all made by humans or by aliens What do you think the crop circles represent
I think they are made by humans. I just have trouble believing that aliens would travel millions of kilometres through space just to leave circles on the ground. In my opinion, these circles only represent human being’s interests about attracting others’ attention, including aliens.
Video Time
Discuss the following questions in groups.
2. What kind of crop circle would you create Discuss and decide on its appearance and meaning. Draw it on a large sheet of paper. Then present it to the rest of the class.
I would make a crop circle of the comic character Monkey King, because it looks like it would be a challenge and because it would be fun to confuse people who thought all crop circles are made by aliens.
Language points
重点词汇
1. adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2. n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作
3. n.皮革;[pl.]皮衣;皮外套
4. n.控制板;仪表盘;专家咨询组
5. n.英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米)
6. adv.向后;倒着;往回
7. n.侄女;外甥女
superior
labour
leather
panel
inch
backwards
niece
Language points
重点短语
1. 事物的利与弊;支持与反对
2. 比……更好;更胜一筹
3. 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
4. 与……冲突或抵触
5. 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
6. (逐渐)减少;消失
7. 有强烈的欲望做某事
8. 环视四周
9. 吸了口气
pros and cons
superior to
take over
conflict with
turn out
fall away
have an urge to do
look around
draw a breath
Language points
1 In sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.(P6)
在科幻小说中,机器人通常会变得更高级,并接管一切。
◆ superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的;优秀的
A few years ago it was virtually impossible to find superior quality coffee in local shops.
几年前在当地商店里几乎不可能找到优质咖啡。
The test showed he was the superior player.
这次测试显示出他是个优秀的选手。
Language points
【词汇拓展1】
superior to 比……更好;更胜一筹
inferior to 劣于;次于
senior to 比……年长
junior to 比……年幼
We have a relationship superior to those of many of our friends.我们的关系要比我们与其他许多朋友的关系更好。
I was given the job,despite the fact that Dominic is senior to me.
尽管多米尼克比我年长,这项工作却分配给了我。
Language points
【词汇拓展2】
take up 拿起;接受(建议或挑战);占用;开始从事(某种职业、学习等)
take for 当作;误认为
take in 收留 (某人);包括,包含
take off 脱掉;起飞;成名
take on 雇用,聘用;开始呈现
take down 记下
Language points
【迁移应用】
用take的相关短语填空
(1)Peter will his post at the end of next month.
(2)With the development of science and technology,our country has
a new look.
(3)It is said that Peter will as managing director when Bill retires.
(4)The students the notes which the teacher had written on the blackboard.
take up
taken on
take over
took down
Language points
2A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.(P7)机器人必须服从人类的命令,除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
◆ conflict with与……冲突或抵触
He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own.
他所持的坚定的观点通常与我的相左。
His account conflicted with reports received from other journalists.
他的讲述和从其他记者那儿收到的报道有出入。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
conflict n.& v. 斗争;冲突
in conflict with 与……冲突
conflict between...and... ……之间的冲突
come into conflict with 与……相冲突
Honestly speaking,Li Hua should take the blame for the conflict.
诚实地说,李华应该为这次冲突负责。
Employees already are in conflict with management over job cuts.
雇员已经就裁员一事与管理层发生了争执。
Language points
3 Night came as if a lamp was being turned out,and in another moment came the day.(P8)
夜幕降临,仿佛灯灭了,转眼间,白天又来临了。
◆ turn out关掉;熄火;在场;使朝外;结果是
The video turned out to be well received.
结果视频大受好评。
He turned out the light and went upstairs.
他关掉电灯,上楼了。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
turn down 关小;拒绝
turn up 出现;露面;调大
turn over 打翻;翻身;移交
turn in 上交
turn to 向……求助
Language points
【迁移应用】
用turn的相关短语填空
(1)He is ready to help others,seldom,if ever,refusing them when they
him.
(2)Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will
sooner or later.
(3)Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
(4)The vase which was purchased at a high price to be of little value.
(5)If you a turtle on its back,it becomes helpless.
turn to
turn up
turn down
turned out
turn over
Language points
4 I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!(P8)
我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西!
◆ urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐;极力主张;驱策
He urged them not to give up on peace efforts.
他力劝他们不要放弃对和平的努力。
I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
以前我从未有过学习手语的冲动。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
the urge to do sth 做某事的渴望
urge sb on 鼓励某人(做某事)
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……
it is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求做……
urgent adj. 紧急的;迫切的;急迫的
urgently adv. 紧急地
urgency n. 紧急;催促
Language points
【迁移应用】
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Parents should actively urge their children (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
(2)I make an (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
(3)Our teachers urge that we (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
to take
urgent
(should) study
Language points
5 A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.(P7)
机器人必须服从人类的命令,除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
【句式剖析】本句的主干是“主谓宾”结构,given it by human beings是过去分词短语作定语,except where...是介词短语,其中where引导的是宾语从句。except是介词,意为“除了……之外”。
I have confidence in your wisdom except where this sort of thing is concerned.
除了与这种事情有关的方面,我对你的聪明才智完全有信心。
Language points
【句式拓展】
(1)except that...
He has not changed at all except that he is no longer talkative.
他一点也没变,只是不像以前那样爱说话了。
(2)except if...
Except if you start at once,you will be late.
除非你立刻动身,否则你就会迟到。
(3)except when...
He no longer went out except when Mary forced him.
除非玛丽强迫他,否则他再也不会外出了。
Homework
Write a short passage about the advantages and disadvantages of AI. You can state your own opinions and put forward your own suggestions.
Period 3 : Using Language
人教版2019选择性必修第四册
Unit 1 ：Science Fiction
1.To listen to an interview between the host and a sci-fi expert about robots.
2.To talk about what you think of robot technology.
3.To write a sci-fi short story.
4.Use the passive voice correctly to express your ideas.
5.To develop critical thinking by discussing some questions after watching the video.
Teaching objectives
Contents
Listening and Speaking
1
Reading and Writing
2
Assessing Your Progress
3
Video Time
4
Language points
5
Listening and Speaking
What is AI and where can AI be used
It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence.AI can be used in many fields, such as entertainment, medicine, transportation, education, tourism, security as well as finance.
Listening and Speaking
What jobs are these robots doing What are the pros and cons of robots doing these jobs
What kinds of robots or AI developments do you hope for
Listening and Speaking
⑤ working in a factory
① serving in a restaurant
② playing the piano
③ playing musical instruments
④ playing ball
1 The host introduces the guest, a sci-fi expert.
___ The expert has robots in his home.
___ As robots become more intelligent, they may also become more
dangerous.
___ The host mentions Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics.
___ The expert says robots will have occupations such as teaching
and nursing.
___ The line between humans and robots will be more blurred in the
future.
___ The host asks about benefits and problems.
___ The host asks if there are robots in the expert’s home.
___ In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
9
4
5
2
7
3
8
6
Listen to an interview and put these statements in the correct order.
Listen to the interview again and write down the discourse markers that you hear.
Listen for discourse markers
Discourse markers are used to organise a text by marking sequence, contrast, opinion, purpose, and soon. Listening for discourse markers can help you understand a text more easily. For example, first, however, above all, in order to, etc.
just now; so; well; but; however; above all
Answer:
Function Discourse marker
to start or end conversations now, so, right, in general, to sum up, for a start, …
to change topics What’s more, well, but, however, anyway, …
to order or sequence first (of all), above all, next,…
to show interest/ surprise/ sympathy sure, good, quite, wonderful, exactly, absolutely, certainly, definitely, I see, (all) right, That’s great/ interesting/ amazing/ awful…
Function Discourse marker
to rephrase or change what we say well, in other words, the thing is, I mean, you know what I mean, what I mean is…
to mark the old, shared, or expected knowledge and new knowledge just now, you know, see, you see, the thing is…
to mark attitude or point of view in speaking or writing honestly, basically, predictably, no doubt, to tell you the truth, I think, I’m afraid, of course I must admit, if you ask me, I must say…
Not to sound too direct or forceful like, just, maybe, apparently, sort of, kind of, perhaps, roughly, arguably, presumably…
Listening and Speaking
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views.
What do you know about robot technology What can robots do
What benefits do you think robots or AI will bring Do you think they will cause problems as well
Listening and Speaking
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views.
Oh, by the way, ...
Oh, I remember, …
What I meant to tell/ask you is …
That reminds me of …
I think we ought to move on to ...
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you.
I nearly forgot! …
…, but (perhaps) that’s beside the point.
The next item on the agenda is …
On the one hand … On The other hand …
Could I change the subject
Changing the topic
Oh, by the way, ...
Oh, I remember, …
What I meant to tell/ask you is …
That reminds me of …
I think we ought to move on to ...
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you.
Reading and Writing
H.G. Wells
(1866–1946)
H.G. Wells (1866-1946) is — along with Jules Verne — most often credited with being the inventor of the science fiction genre. He was born in Kent, England.
The Time Machine
The film, The Time Machine was adapted from a novel of the same name, written by H. G. Wells.
Well’s contribution was the idea that all of the details in the story should be as closely grounded in reality as possible, with the exception of one element which was fantastical. By having everything else grounded in reality, audiences are more willing to accept the fantastical element as true.
lever on the main panel forwards
sat myself in the leather seat
gave it a last check
a leather seat
a starting lever
the main panel
Reading and Writing
Read an extract from this story and find out how many times the Time Traveler started the machine.
4 times
I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
I drew a breath, gripped the lever and pushed it forwards.
I pushed the lever further.
I pulled the lever backwards hard.
Reading and Writing
Beginning:
start the machine
Developing:
while travelling (feelings and changes)
Climax:
come to the future
narrative
Reading and Writing
What date do you think it is when the Time Traveller finally stops
What do you think is different about that time from the time he left
Who or what do you think the Time Traveller will meet
What adventures do you think he will have in the future
Do you think he will ever return to his own time
What might happen next in the story
Reading and Writing
What will your time machine look like
magic school bus
racing car
door / portal / phone box
glass elevator with buttons to set the time
flying blanket / capsule
APP– Time Traveller
Reading and Writing
How to write a good sci-fi short story
A good sci-fi short story
organisation
useful expressions
elements
language feature
Assessing Your Progress
fetch superior to calculate have an urge to
suspend dismiss explode pace
1. Batteries are not allowed by airlines in checked luggage, as they might __________ due to overheating.
2. The new generation of smartphones is greatly _____________ older version.
3. Since I don’t have much time, I need to __________ how long it will take me to do the task.
explode
superior to
calculate
Complete the following sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
4. Ordered by its master, the AI dog _________ the book from the bookshelf.
5. I was so pleased to hear the bell ring and our teacher announce, “Class is ____________”
6. The company has to __________ the space exploration project due to financial problems.
fetched
dismissed
suspend
7. City people are experiencing increasing psychological pressure as a result of a faster _______ of life and rising competition.
8. At one time or another, each of us probably _________________ break the routine of daily life and try something new.
pace
has an urge to
Assessing Your Progress
Read and complete the following sentences with appropriate forms of the words in brackets.
1. Mobile phones must __________________ during the concert. (switch off)
2. When I came here at this time last year, the conference hall _______________. (build)
3. Topics like life in the future, AI development, and aliens __________________ in sci-fi. (often found).
be switched off
was being built
are often found
4. Do you know which country _____________ by Italy, Austria, Germany, and France (border)
5. Continuous research _______________________ on smart schools, smart homes, and smart cities. (conduct)
6. It should ___________ that the result of your examinations will not ________________. (note; publicise)
7. It _____________________ that more species will become extinct if we continue to destroy the ecosystem. (assume)
8. All members of the audience should _____________ smartly, and the wearing of slippers ________________ in the concert hall. (dress; not allow)
is bordered
is being conducted
be noted
be publicised
is assumed
be dressed
is not allowed
Assessing Your Progress
Write a list of as many robot characters or AI devices as you can think of.
the Star Wars movie Wall. E Big Hero Six
the Transformers movies Pacific Rim the Foundation Series
Assessing Your Progress
Make a table like the one below and fill in the parts for different robot characters and AI devices on you list.
Movie/Novel Name Characteristic Function/ Ability Unique quality
Star wars R2-D2 Brave, funny. mischievous Co-pilot, hack computers He speaks in beeps and whistles
Video Time
What did you know about mysterious crop circles
Crop circle, large geometric (几何图形的) pattern of flattened crops, most often found in fields in southern England. Crop circles are said by some who have studied them to be messages from intelligent extraterrestrial (地球外的) life, but many have been
proved to be the work of humans.
Video Time
Look at the photos from the video and discuss the questions in groups.
Video Time
Look at the photos from the video and discuss the questions in groups.
1. What do you think these patterns represent
2. Who or what do you think made patterns and how
I don’t think these patterns represent anything. They just look like nice designs.
I think they were made by people as a practical joke.
Video Time
Watch the video and discuss the questions.
1. Who do some people think the circles are made by
2. Why did Mr. Presley decide to find out more about the circles
Some people suggest that different cultures may have constructed them as ways of communicating with aliens. Others say that ancient peoples must have created them to please the gods.
He loves puzzles.
4. Why do Matthew and his team like making crop circles
3. Where were other types of circles found
In a forest near Vancouver, a body of water while the area around it remains frozen.
Because they think that crop circle design is actually a creative art done by human beings, and the teams sometimes challenge each other to amaze the public by showing what they can do in an evening.
Watch the video and discuss the questions.
Video Time
Discuss the following questions in groups.
1. Do you believe crop circles are all made by humans or by aliens What do you think the crop circles represent
I think they are made by humans. I just have trouble believing that aliens would travel millions of kilometres through space just to leave circles on the ground. In my opinion, these circles only represent human being’s interests about attracting others’ attention, including aliens.
Video Time
Discuss the following questions in groups.
2. What kind of crop circle would you create Discuss and decide on its appearance and meaning. Draw it on a large sheet of paper. Then present it to the rest of the class.
I would make a crop circle of the comic character Monkey King, because it looks like it would be a challenge and because it would be fun to confuse people who thought all crop circles are made by aliens.
Language points
重点词汇
1. adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2. n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作
3. n.皮革;[pl.]皮衣;皮外套
4. n.控制板;仪表盘;专家咨询组
5. n.英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米)
6. adv.向后;倒着;往回
7. n.侄女;外甥女
superior
labour
leather
panel
inch
backwards
niece
Language points
重点短语
1. 事物的利与弊;支持与反对
2. 比……更好;更胜一筹
3. 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
4. 与……冲突或抵触
5. 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
6. (逐渐)减少;消失
7. 有强烈的欲望做某事
8. 环视四周
9. 吸了口气
pros and cons
superior to
take over
conflict with
turn out
fall away
have an urge to do
look around
draw a breath
Language points
1 In sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.(P6)
在科幻小说中,机器人通常会变得更高级,并接管一切。
◆ superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的;优秀的
A few years ago it was virtually impossible to find superior quality coffee in local shops.
几年前在当地商店里几乎不可能找到优质咖啡。
The test showed he was the superior player.
这次测试显示出他是个优秀的选手。
Language points
【词汇拓展1】
superior to 比……更好;更胜一筹
inferior to 劣于;次于
senior to 比……年长
junior to 比……年幼
We have a relationship superior to those of many of our friends.我们的关系要比我们与其他许多朋友的关系更好。
I was given the job,despite the fact that Dominic is senior to me.
尽管多米尼克比我年长,这项工作却分配给了我。
Language points
【词汇拓展2】
take up 拿起;接受(建议或挑战);占用;开始从事(某种职业、学习等)
take for 当作;误认为
take in 收留 (某人);包括,包含
take off 脱掉;起飞;成名
take on 雇用,聘用;开始呈现
take down 记下
Language points
【迁移应用】
用take的相关短语填空
(1)Peter will his post at the end of next month.
(2)With the development of science and technology,our country has
a new look.
(3)It is said that Peter will as managing director when Bill retires.
(4)The students the notes which the teacher had written on the blackboard.
take up
taken on
take over
took down
Language points
2A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.(P7)机器人必须服从人类的命令,除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
◆ conflict with与……冲突或抵触
He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own.
他所持的坚定的观点通常与我的相左。
His account conflicted with reports received from other journalists.
他的讲述和从其他记者那儿收到的报道有出入。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
conflict n.& v. 斗争;冲突
in conflict with 与……冲突
conflict between...and... ……之间的冲突
come into conflict with 与……相冲突
Honestly speaking,Li Hua should take the blame for the conflict.
诚实地说,李华应该为这次冲突负责。
Employees already are in conflict with management over job cuts.
雇员已经就裁员一事与管理层发生了争执。
Language points
3 Night came as if a lamp was being turned out,and in another moment came the day.(P8)
夜幕降临,仿佛灯灭了,转眼间,白天又来临了。
◆ turn out关掉;熄火;在场;使朝外;结果是
The video turned out to be well received.
结果视频大受好评。
He turned out the light and went upstairs.
他关掉电灯,上楼了。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
turn down 关小;拒绝
turn up 出现;露面;调大
turn over 打翻;翻身;移交
turn in 上交
turn to 向……求助
Language points
【迁移应用】
用turn的相关短语填空
(1)He is ready to help others,seldom,if ever,refusing them when they
him.
(2)Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will
sooner or later.
(3)Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
(4)The vase which was purchased at a high price to be of little value.
(5)If you a turtle on its back,it becomes helpless.
turn to
turn up
turn down
turned out
turn over
Language points
4 I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!(P8)
我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西!
◆ urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐;极力主张;驱策
He urged them not to give up on peace efforts.
他力劝他们不要放弃对和平的努力。
I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
以前我从未有过学习手语的冲动。
Language points
【词汇拓展】
the urge to do sth 做某事的渴望
urge sb on 鼓励某人(做某事)
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……
it is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求做……
urgent adj. 紧急的;迫切的;急迫的
urgently adv. 紧急地
urgency n. 紧急;催促
Language points
【迁移应用】
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Parents should actively urge their children (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
(2)I make an (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
(3)Our teachers urge that we (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
to take
urgent
(should) study
Language points
5 A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.(P7)
机器人必须服从人类的命令,除非这些命令与第一定律相抵触。
【句式剖析】本句的主干是“主谓宾”结构,given it by human beings是过去分词短语作定语,except where...是介词短语,其中where引导的是宾语从句。except是介词,意为“除了……之外”。
I have confidence in your wisdom except where this sort of thing is concerned.
除了与这种事情有关的方面,我对你的聪明才智完全有信心。
Language points
【句式拓展】
(1)except that...
He has not changed at all except that he is no longer talkative.
他一点也没变,只是不像以前那样爱说话了。
(2)except if...
Except if you start at once,you will be late.
除非你立刻动身,否则你就会迟到。
(3)except when...
He no longer went out except when Mary forced him.
除非玛丽强迫他,否则他再也不会外出了。
Homework
Write a short passage about the advantages and disadvantages of AI. You can state your own opinions and put forward your own suggestions.