2024中考英语复习二轮专题特训 题型三 短文填空 (含解析)
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| 名称 | 2024中考英语复习二轮专题特训 题型三 短文填空 (含解析) |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-22 00:00:00 | ||
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2024中考英语复习二轮专题特训 题型三 短文填空
话题一 教育故事
Passage 1
we long sure skill prepare success add scare fill week throw celebrate
Can you make a parachute (降落伞) by yourself Have you tried to make the parachute that stays in the air 1. ________ than others
Recently, our school held a parachute-making competition. We needed to make a parachute with given materials 2. ________. The parachutes in daily life seem impossible to be made by
3. ________. But it’s easy to make a simple one. Firstly, we cut a plastic bag into a round shape. Next, we sewed (缝) the bag with some threads (线) . Lastly, we brought the threads together and tied them with a heavy object. The bag 4. ________ with air as it flew down.
The most difficult part was to work with others because everyone had different ideas. Our
5. ________ meetings were important for our success. We also learned a lot about teamwork while we were 6. ________ for the competition. After much practice, we were ready.
Our team stood for our class to compete against the other 12 teams. The winner would be the one that flew the farthest. We 7. ________ some special parts to our parachutes before the final competition. And we practiced how 8. ________ the parachutes as far as possible. Finally, we won! We had a big 9. ________ after our victory.
From this competition, I learned how to work with others and developed 10. ________ of communication. I also realized if we want to have a better understanding of what we have learned, we must do it with our hands.
Passage 2
choose usual idea waste call failure read explain they good when cost
Emma was cute and used to be shy. One day she 1. ________ to stand for her class to make a speech. However, she 2. ________ worried about speaking in front of many people. Before the speech began, Emma wanted to practice her speech one more time with her friend Julie to improve her skills, including how to express her 3. ________ and speak more clearly.
But where was Julie Emma looked around, but she 4. ________ to find her. She called Julie, but Julie didn’t answer. Emma didn’t have much time 5. ________ , so she practiced her speech by herself behind the curtains(帘子) in the hall. In this way, nobody could notice her.
6. ________ it was time to line up for the ceremony, Emma finally saw Julie. “Where have you been，Julie I’ve called you five times!” Emma asked Julie.“Sorry, I didn’t hear my phone. I was 7. ________ books in the library,”replied Julie.“Where did you go I was looking for you, too. But I couldn’t find you,” Julie said.“I was in the hall but I was behind the curtains. That’s why you couldn’t find me!”Emma 8. ________ and laughed.
Julie laughed, too. “Take it easy. You’ll do a great job!” Then, the two girls took
9. ________ seats. Emma was still nervous. Julie handed her a note which said,“You can do it!” Emma felt 10. ________. After the speech, Emma smiled and said,“Sometimes a note is the best technology!”
Passage 3
fall beauty happy memory high pass sad lose whether anything consider full
外文素材改编自Oxford Discover
抓住时间,享受当下
One morning, Marisol saw an amazing view from halfway down the block. She saw a beautiful sunflower that was as big as a plate. It was the 1. ________ among all the plants in the garden.
The color of the flower was bright. All summer long, it was 2. ________ as a relaxing flower by passers-by(路人). Marisol especially 3. ________ herself in watching it grow.
Soon the air became cool and dry with autumn coming. Something terrible was happening to the little girl’s favorite sunflower. Its leaves were dry and 4. ________ down. “The sunflower is sick,” Marisol said 5. ________.“ What should I do I wonder 6. ________ the flower is still alive. I don’t want it to die!” “Oh, child, don’t cry,” Mrs. Washington said. “Its season is over. There’s a time to bloom and a time to die. That’s the way of the flower. You should save the seeds(种子) and plant them again next spring.”
But Marisol still felt sad. For a whole week, she couldn’t even pass the block where the
7. ________ flower used to be. Then one day, she heard people calling her name in her yard. “Marisol! Hurry!” It seemed 8. ________ unusual in the block. When she went out, she saw there was a big crowd, like on a holiday. Music from the store was loud. And what she saw made Marisol laugh and dance 9.________.
There is always something unforgettable in our 10. ________. But we should accept the facts and the way things go. Most importantly, catch the day and enjoy the moment.
话题二 人物介绍
Passage 4
ask become tell important continue activity return old move far young spirit
Wang Dakang is a famous person in his hometown of Leshan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province. It is because of his 1.________ life story.
In the 1980s, Wang Dakang 2.________ the first person in China to complete a round trip of the country using only by riding a bicycle. And later he 3.________ to write his experience into a book. However, his “book” was refused at first. So he fully realized the 4.________ of learning.
At the age of 61, he studied at Sichuan Normal College in Sichuan province in 1996. But his path for knowledge kept 5.________. In 2000, Wang began his Master’s (硕士) studies in the same college and studied travel literature (文学). In 2008, he went to Leshan Normal University for 6.________ study and graduated in 2012. Wang’s 560,000-word book of his trip in the 1980s was finally published in 2016.
At present, Wang 7.________ to his hometown, which is a small village in Leshan. He spends his days following planned daily 8.________ carefully and seriously.
“Now I just feel there is so much to learn,” Wang said. “I want to keep learning as I grow 9.________ and I will study until the very end,” he added. “Never say too late because of old age.” An 86-year-old grandpa with learning 10.________ is a good example for us to learn from! And we should share his story with more people.
Passage 5
skill anything choice do early get catch hobby wide bring interest work
Nowadays, most young people are crazy about all kinds of modern technologies. But Yu Chenrui 1. to look back.
Yu, 29, is a maker of automata(自动机械). Perhaps less than ten people in China
2. it as a full-time job.
The history of automata goes back centuries ago. The 3. makers probably came from the ancient Greece(希腊). Actually the word “automata” comes from the Greek language which means “self-acting”. Yu has been 4. in hand craft sever(切断技艺) since he was a boy. At college, he studied art. In 2015, when Yu saw automata works by Japanese artist Kazuaki Harada, he realized that this could be 5. that he truly wanted as a career.
Then he began to learn to build automata by himself. Since automata have never been 6.
popular in China, it’s hard to find a book or learn from a teacher. Yu turned to the Internet
7. information. His friends also 8. him books from foreign museums.
When he finished college in 2016, Yu got a job in Beijing. However, that job took up too much of Yu’s time, and he didn’t have time for 9. . Later, Yu left his job and returned to his hometown in Chengdu, and he opened an automata workshop. Now Yu's works have
10. the attention of world-famous artists, including Kazuaki Harada himself. “A wonderful thing about automata is that they interest people of all ages,” said Yu. “Adults think of them as art, while children see them as toys.”
话题三 异国文化
Passage 6
they draw bring difference introduce around write safe object surprise place hope
Indonesians love to celebrate. They believe that celebrating and eating together 1. ________ good luck. Let’s have a party in Indonesia style.
Would you be 2. ________ to find a New Year’s Day in March Indonesians on the island of Bali are getting ready to ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March or April on the night of the new moon. And it is a symbol of a new start for the people and the island of Bali. On the eve of Nyepi, families and friends get together in the market. They carry a huge monster(怪兽)
3. ________ the village three times. It is made of wood and other materials. After that, people set it on fire, 4. ________ to drive out bad things.
After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child’s first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family to a party 5. ________ the baby. They put all kinds of
6. ________ such as a bracelet（手镯）, pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a 7. ________. A child who picks up a gold bracelet may be rich when he or she grows up.
Each event has its own 8. ________ purpose to celebrate. While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family, Galungan celebrates its past ancestors returning ‘home’ who have died during this ten-day celebration. And living relatives do their best to make them happy and go ‘home’
9. ________. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples.
Next year, Indonesia will be buzzing(发出嗡嗡声) again with celebrations, so welcome to the party! People will enjoy 10. ________ there. And they’ll surely feel the warmth of the Indonesian people!
Passage 7
serve cheap wait share taste festival surprise usual because know you difference
In lots of countries around the world, street food is very popular. When you travel to India, you can get 1. _______ kinds of curry (咖喱) made with meat or with vegetables and lots of chilli (红辣椒). On the streets of Thailand, you have the chance of 2. _______ fish soup, rice or noodles and meat. For dessert, you can have fried bananas, fresh fruit pancakes or Thai sweets. Mexico is 3. _______ for its wonderful tacos (炸玉米饼) served with salsa (洋葱做的辣调味汁) made of green onions, tomatoes and other things. In Germany and Denmark, you can see
4. _______ ordered meat served with bread and fried onions. And in France they 5. _______ lovely pancakes. At the seaside in many countries, people eat chips, ice cream or seafood.
In many ways, street food is better than restaurant food. It’s much 6. _______. And you know it’s really fresh 7. _______ you watch the cook prepare and cook it in front of you. It’s also more fun to eat—you can use your hands. And you don’t worry about what the 8. _______ thinks of you as there is none! You order and take your food by yourself. There are some people who 9. ______ buy and enjoy food outside at music festivals and at sports events like football matches. There are also street food 10. _______ in many cities. People can try new food from around the world at these festivals.
话题四 科普知识
Passage 8
similar they truth warn research activity therefore careful die when show visit
A butterfly’s wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect fly in the air. They may be called on to attract others, 1. _______ enemies to stay away or to cover themselves. All of these roles, though, depend on their colors—which are unchanging. This makes people think that butterfly wings are 2. _______. In fact, that is not true.
Nanfang Yu, a professor at Columbia University has been looking into the matter. Along with Naomi Pierce, a professor at Harvard University, he has now 3. _______ that butterfly wings are exactly very much alive.
At first, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce wanted to know how the butterflies keep 4. _______ body temperatures up without their wings making heat.
In their experiments, the two 5. _______ used a laser (激光) to heat up the wings of different butterfly species. The butterflies replied within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further 6. _______ the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40°C or so.
Butterflies took part in all 7. _______ that produce heat even when the researchers made them unable to see. That suggested the heat sensors (传感器) were on the wings themselves.
8. _______, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce searched those wings for sensory cells. They later found some heat sensors were 9. _______ to those in other insects.
Another discovery Dr Yu and Dr Pierce made was that some butterfly wings have a heartbeat. Anyone who has looked 10. _______ at a butterfly will know that its wings have veins (血管) that carry hemolymph(血淋巴). They discovered that hemolymph continues to run through the veins throughout the insects’ life.
Passage 9
because short give wonder arrive grow help month color slow
In autumn, the leaves of some trees turn red or yellow. Have you ever 1. _______ why
In spring and summer, leaves use chlorophyll (叶绿素) to catch sunlight. It is 2. _______ for the leaves to turn sunlight into food. The food the leaves make is sugar. Trees use it 3. _______ new leaves, flowers and seeds.
Chlorophyll is a pigment (色素) 4. _______ leaves their green color. There are also other pigments in the leaves. But in spring and summer, you can’t see most of their colors.
As autumn arrives, the days get 5. _______. There is less sunshine for the leaves to make food with because of the 6. _______ of autumn. Some trees start to break down the chlorophyll in their leaves 7. _______ they need to get nutrients (营养). The nutrients are then stored in their roots. In this way, the trees can grow better during the cold winter 8. _______.
When a tree breaks down chlorophyll, the green color of its leaves 9. _______ disappears. At the same time, the other pigments in the leaves begin to show their 10. _______. The leaves turn orange, red or yellow. In the end, the leaves die and fall off the trees.
话题五 哲理故事
Passage 10
rich waste sudden because take maker sell learn buy price cost choose
Two guitar makers lived in the same town. The young builder made the guitars very quickly and 1. _______ them cheaply. The old builder took his time and made a(n) 2. _______ to pay more attention to the quality (质量). Everyone in the town wanted to buy a guitar because it was a sign that you are 3. _______ than others. So both builders were very busy.
However, bad times came to the town, and no one had much money. The young builder did well and made a lot of money. The old builder, however, went out of business 4. _______ no one could afford his guitars.
After some years, the cheap guitars that people had 5. ______ began to break. The guitars that the old builder made were still perfect. The people who had kept cheap guitars went to the guitar 6. ______ house to get their money back.
7. _______, a voice called out from behind the people. “Wait！” said the voice. “How can you blame him This man never said his guitars were good. He always said that they were cheap. You didn’t care about the quality of the guitars. You cared only about the 8. _______ of the guitar！” The voice came from the old guitar maker.
“I have spent my whole life 9. _______ how to make guitars that last a lifetime. And I can tell you making something that is really good 10. _______ time and efforts,” he said. All the people went home.
Today, there are many guitar makers in that little town, and they all make guitars that last a lifetime.
答案详解详析
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者学校举办了一场制作降落伞的比赛，作者明白了如何与他人协作并且只有亲自动手才能更好地理解自己所学的东西。
1. longer【解析】句意：你有没有试过让降落伞保持在空中的时间比平常______一点？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指尝试让降落伞在空中停留时间更长。故填longer。
2. successfully【解析】句意：我们需要用给定的材料______制作一个降落伞。分析句子结构可知，此处应填入副词修饰“make a parachute”。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指成功地制作一个降落伞，successful符合此处的语境，且此处用其副词形式。故填successfully。
3. ourselves【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中看到的降落伞似乎是不可能_____制作的。by oneself意为“靠某人自己”,为固定用法。故填ourselves。
4. was filled【解析】句意：袋子飞落下来的时候______空气。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和生活常识可知袋子从空中飞落下来时会充满空气，fill符合此处语境；且根据主语“The bag”及空后的with可知此处考查be filled with这一固定搭配，意为“充满”。文章讲述过去的事情，时态应为一般过去时。故填was filled。
5. weekly 【解析】句意：我们的______例会对我们的成功很重要。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词修饰meetings。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指每周例会，week符合此处语境，且此处用其形容词形式。故填weekly。
6. preparing 【解析】句意：我们在______比赛的时候也学到了很多关于团队合作的知识。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指在准备比赛的时候，prepare符合此处语境；结合空前“We also learned a lot about teamwork while”可知此处应用prepare的过去进行时。故填preparing。
7. added【解析】句意：在最后的比赛前，我们在降落伞上______一些特殊的零件。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指加了一些零件，与句中的to构成add...to...，意为“把……增加到……”。文章讲述过去的事情，时态应为一般过去时。故填added。
8. to throw【解析】句意：我们练习了如何把降落伞______尽可能远。分析句子结构可知，此处应填入动词不定式与空前的how作状语。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指把降落伞扔得尽可能远，throw符合此处语境；且此处应用其不定式形式。故填to throw。
9. celebration【解析】句意：在胜利之后我们举办了一场盛大的______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指举办了一场盛大的庆祝活动，celebrate符合此处语境；且空前有不定冠词a，应用其名词单数形式。故填celebration。
10. skills【解析】句意：从这次比赛中，我学会了如何与他人合作，并发展了沟通______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指发展了沟通的技巧，skill符合此处语境；且不止一种技巧，应用其复数形式。故填skills。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在毕业典礼前Emma因为要演讲感到很紧张，于是一个人躲在帘子后练习，她的好朋友Julie在她上场前递给她一张纸条，上面写着鼓励她的话，Emma因此深受感动。文章旨在告诉我们：来自朋友的一句看似简单的鼓励在特定的时候能够发挥巨大的作用，我们应该感恩那些在我们需要的时候鼓励我们的朋友。
1. was chosen【解析】句意：一天Emma_______代表她们班做演讲。分析句子结构及句意可知此处为被动语态，表示Emma被选择，choose符合题意。空前主语是she，且本文时态为一般过去时，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was chosen。
2. usually【解析】句意：然而，她 会担心在很多人面前讲话。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词。根据语境及句意可知此处指她经常会担心，空处应用副词修饰动词worried。故填usually。
3. ideas【解析】句意：Emma想和她的朋友Julie再练习一次她的演讲，以提高她的技能，包括如何表达自己的________和与他人交流。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据空前的express可知，此处应表示表达她的想法，idea符合题意。空前无冠词，此处应用名词复数形式。故填ideas。
4. failed【解析】句意：Emma向四周看，但她______找到她。根据空后“She called Julie , but Julie didn’t answer.”可知，此处表示Emma未能成功找到Julie，fail符合题意，且时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式。故填failed。
5. to waste【解析】句意：Emma并没有很多时间 。因此，她在大厅的帘子后面练习她的演讲。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少动词，根据空后“so she practiced her speech behind the curtains (帘子) in the hall”可知此处指她没有多少时间浪费了，waste符合题意，此处应填不定式。故填to waste。
6. When【解析】句意： 时候为该庆典排队，Emma最终看见Julie了。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词。根据空后两分句句意可知，此处指当……的时候，when符合题意。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填When。
7. reading【解析】句意：我正在图书馆 书。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少动词。根据空后的“books in the library”并结合常识可知，此处指在图书馆借书，read符合题意。句子时态为过去进行时，空前有系动词was，空处应用动词现在分词。故填reading。
8. explained【解析】句意：Emma 并且笑了。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词。根据空前“That’s why you couldn’t find me!”可知，此处指Emma解释说。句子时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式。故填explained。
9. their【解析】句意：然后这两个女孩坐在了 的座位上。根据空前“the two girls”可知，此处指她们的座位。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词性的词修饰名词seats，因此空处应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
10. better【解析】句意：Emma感觉 。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词作表语。根据上句“Julie handed her a note which said,‘You can do it!’”，可知，此处指Emma感觉好多了，因此空处应用形容词比较级。故填better。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。玛丽索尔从街区上看到了有盘子那么大的向日葵，它给人们带来快乐，但到了秋天它的叶子变干以至死亡。玛丽索尔非常难过，一个星期没有去美丽的花朵所在的街区。威利·梅·华盛顿夫人告诉她这是植物的生活方式，有花开就有花落。故事告诉我们：我们应该接受事物的发展方式，最重要的是，抓住时间，享受当下。
1. highest 【解析】句意：它是花园里所有的植物中______。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，根据语境可知此处表示“最高的”，high符合语境，且应用其最高级形式。故填highest。
2. considered【解析】句意：整个夏天，它被路人______一种令人放松的花。根据语境可知此处表示“看作”，consider符合语境。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语it与谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填considered。
3. lost【解析】句意：玛丽索尔尤其______看着它的成长。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词；根据固定用法lose oneself in doing sth.可知，此处表示“沉迷于……”，lose符合语境，且此处时态为一般过去时。故填lost。
4. falling【解析】句意：它的叶子（变得）干燥并______下来。根据句意可知，此处表示“下落”，fall符合语境。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词，根据空前的“were”可知，此处表示动作过去正在进行，所以句子为过去进行时态。故填falling。
5. sadly【解析】句意：“向日葵病了，”玛丽索尔______说。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词；根据句意可知，此处表示“难过地”，sad符合语境。故填sadly。
6. whether【解析】句意：我想知道_______花还活着。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处表示“我想知道花是否还活着”，whether符合语境。故填whether。
7. beautiful【解析】句意：整整一周，她都不敢往下看她那朵_______花曾经所在的街区。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“美丽的”，beauty符合语境。故填beautiful。
8. something【解析】句意：似乎街区______不寻常。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词；根据语境可知，此处表示“有些事情”不寻常，anything符合语境。故填something。
9. happily【解析】句意：玛丽索尔所看到的让她 ______ 笑着跳起舞来。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词；根据语境可知,此处表示“开心地”，happy符合语境。故填happily。
10. memories【解析】句意：在我们的______中，总有一些令人难忘的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词；根据语境可知，此处指“记忆”表示泛指，memory符合语境此处应用其复数形式。故填memories。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位86岁的高龄老人王大康——学霸爷爷关于生命不息、学习不止、令人感动、催人奋进的故事。故事告诉我们：活到老学到老是我们每个人都应该学习并要一直传递下去的精神。
1. moving【解析】句意：这是因为他________的故事。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作定语。根据下文内容可知此处指令人感动的故事，move符合语境，应用其-ing形式。故填moving。
2. became【解析】句意：上世纪80年代，王大康________中国第一个只用自行车完成全国往返旅行的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词作谓语。根据上文“Wang Dakang is a famous person in his hometown of Leshan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province.”并结合常识可知，此处表示“成为”，become符合语境，根据句首时间状语In the 1980s可知此处应用动词的过去式形式。故填became。
3. was asked【解析】句意：后来他________把他的经历写进一本书。分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词作谓语。根据句意可知，此处表示“被要求”，ask符合语境，根据主语he可知，此处应用was与ask的过去分词形式构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填was asked。
4. importance【解析】句意：所以他充分认识到学习的________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据上句“However, his ‘book’ was refused at first.”可知，此处指充分认识到学习的重要性。故填importance。
5. continuing【解析】句意：他追求知识的道路一直在________。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非谓语动词。根据下句“In 2000, Wang began his Master’s (硕士) studies in the same college and studied travel literature（文学）.”可知，此处指他追求知识的道路一直在继续。keep doing sth.一直做某事。故填continuing。
6. further【解析】句意：2008年，他去乐山师范学院________学习并且在2012年毕业。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词。根据句意可知此处指进一步学习,应用比较级。故填further。
7. returns【解析】句意：目前，王大康________他的家乡，那是乐山市的一个小村庄。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。根据下文“He spends his days following planned daily 8.________ carefully and seriously.”可知此处指返回。故填returns。
8. activities【解析】句意：他每天都认认真真地按照计划进行日常________。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词。根据空前的“daily”可知，此处表示日常活动，activity符合语境，activity为可数名词，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
9. older【解析】句意：随着年龄的________，我想继续学习，我会学习到最后。分析句子结构可知，表示随着年龄的增长，此处应填比较级形式。故填older。
10. spirit【解析】句意：一位86岁有学习________的爷爷为我们树立了一个好榜样!分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词与with构成介词短语作后置定语。根据句意可知，此处表示学霸爷爷的这种生命不息，学习不止的精神，他是我们学习的榜样。故填spirit。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述余晨睿是如何喜欢上制作自动操作装置并在该领域声名远扬的故事。
1. chooses【解析】句意：但是余晨睿_______回顾过去。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词；根据上文“most young people are crazy about all kinds of modern technologies”及结合备选词汇可知choose符合题意，表示他选择回顾过去，主语是Yu Chenrui，谓语动词应用单三。故填chooses。
2. are doing【解析】句意：或许中国只有不到十个人把它作为全职工作在_______。分析句子结构可知空处缺少谓语动词；结合备选词汇可知do符合题意，表示做这份工作；根据语境可知，此处时态为现在进行时，且主语为复数，空处应用are doing。故填are doing。
3. earliest【解析】句意：最_______的制作者可能来自古希腊。分析句子结构可知空处缺少形容词；根据句中的“from ancient Greece（希腊）”及结合备选词汇可知early符合题意，表示最早的制造者；结合空前的The，可知此处需填形容词最高级。故填earliest。
4. interested【解析】句意：余自从还是个小男孩的时候就对手工切断技艺_______。分析句子结构可知空处缺少形容词；根据语境及结合备选词汇可知interest符合题意，表示他对手工切断技艺感兴趣；be interested in对……感兴趣。故填interested。
5. something【解析】句意：……他意识到这_______可能是他一直想要的事业。根据下文中的“that he truly wanted as a career”及结合备选词汇可知anything符合题意，此处应用其肯定形式。故填something。
6. widely【解析】句意：因为自动操作装置在中国从来不是流行_______，很难找到一本书或是从老师那里学习。分析句子结构可知空处可填副词；根据下文中的“it's hard to find a book or learn from a teacher”及结合备选词汇可知wide符合题意，表示从未在中国广泛流行；空处应用其副词形式。故填widely。
7. to get【解析】句意：余转向互联网_______信息。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词不定式作目的状语；根据空后的“information”及结合备选词汇可知get符合题意，表示得到信息；空处应用动词不定式。故填to get。
8. brought【解析】句意：他的朋友们也从外国的博物馆给他________书。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词。根据上文“it's hard to find a book or learn from a teacher”及结合备选词汇可知此处表示他的朋友们给他带书，bring符合语境。根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时。故填brought。
9. hobby【解析】句意：然而那份工作占用了余的大多数时间，他没有时间发展他的_______。分析句子结构可知空处可填名词；根据语境及结合备选词汇可知hobby符合题意，表示没有时间发展他的爱好---机关人偶。空前无冠词，空处应用可数名词复数。故填hobby。
10. caught 【解析】句意：现在，余的工作已经_______世界著名艺术家们的关注，包括Kazuaki Harada本人的关注。根据下文“A wonderful thing about automata is that they interest people of all ages”及结合备选词汇可知catch符合题意，表示吸引了世界著名艺术家们的关注；空前有have，此处应用动词过去分词形式与have构成现在完成时。故填caught。
Passage 6
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度尼西亚的庆祝活动。旨在引导学生了解不同国家的风俗与文化，开阔视野，增长见识，感受别样的风土人情。
1. brings【解析】句意：他们相信一起庆祝和吃饭会 好运。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据上文“Indonesians love to celebrate.”并结合备选词汇可知，指的是带来好运，选词bring，主语“celebrating and eating”为动名词作主语，谓语动词用单三。故填brings。
2. surprised【解析】句意：如果新年是在三月，你会 吗？分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知surprise的-ed形容词形式符合语境，指的是感到惊讶。故填surprised。
3. around【解析】句意：他们带着这个怪物 这个村庄三次。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据下文“After that, people set it on fire, 4. ________ to drive out bad things.”可知此处指围绕这个村庄三次。故填around。
4. hoping【解析】句意：在那之后，人们点燃它， 驱除坏的东西。分析句子结构可知此处缺少非谓语动词。根据下文“drive out bad things”并结合备选词汇可知hope符合语境，此处应用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填hoping。
5. to introduce【解析】句意：在Turun Tanah，父母邀请朋友和家人参加聚会来 婴儿。分析句子结构可知此处缺少非谓语动词。根据上文“ After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child’s first steps.”并结合备选词汇可知introduce符合语境，指的是介绍婴儿，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填to introduce。
6. objects【解析】句意：他们把不同的 ，如手镯，钢笔，镜子或玩具电脑摆在他们孩子周围。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作宾语。根据下文“such as a bracelet（手镯）, pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby”并结合备选词汇可知object的复数形式符合语境，指的是不同的物品。故填objects。
7. writer【解析】句意：如果婴儿拿起一支钢笔，他/她可能会成为一名 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作表语。根据上文“If the baby picks up a pen”并结合备选词汇可知write表示人的名词形式符合语境，指的是成为一名作家。故填writer。
8. different【解析】句意：每个活动都有自己 庆祝目的。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。根据下文“While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family, Galungan celebrates its past ancestors return ‘home’ who have died during this ten-day celebration.”并结合备选词汇可知difference的形容词形式符合语境，指的是不同的目的。故填different。
9. safely【解析】句意：活着的亲戚尽他们最大的努力让他们快乐和 回“家”。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知safe的副词形式符合语境，指的是安全回“家”。故填safely。
10. themselves【解析】句意：人们在那儿享受 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少代词作宾语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知they的反身代词符合语境，enjoy oneself玩得开心，为固定短语。故填themselves。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上不同国家的街边小吃，这些食物很有地方的特色并且受到了来自世界各地人们的喜爱，而且还有一些地方举办了街边小吃节，世界各地的人们可以在小吃节尝试新的食物。
1. different【解析】句意：在印度，你可以吃到________种类的咖喱，它们是由肉或者蔬菜以及很多红辣椒制作而成的。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词。根据空后“made with meat or with vegetables and lots of chilli(红辣椒)”及备选词汇可知，此处表示不同种类的咖喱，选词difference；此处应用其形容词形式different。故填different。
2. tasting【解析】句意：在泰国的街上，你有机会________鱼汤、米饭、面条和肉。根据语境及备选词汇可知可知此处表示品尝，选词taste；空前有of，空处应用动名词形式。故填tasting。
3. known【解析】句意：墨西哥以美味的玉米饼和绿洋葱、黄瓜、番茄做的辣调味汁而________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词。根据空后“for its wonderful tacos(炸玉米饼) served with salsa(洋葱做的辣调味汁) made of onions, tomatoes,chilli and other things.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示闻名，选词know；句子主语和谓语动词存在逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词过去分词，be known for以……而闻名。故填known。
4. your【解析】句意：在德国和丹麦，你可以看见________点的肉配着面包以及煎洋葱一起上菜。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词性的词作定语。根据句子主语you及备选词汇可知此处表示你的已经点了的肉，选词you；此处应用其形容词性物主代词。故填your。
5. serve【解析】句意：在法国，他们________可爱的煎饼。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处表示“上菜”之意，选词serve；句子时态为一般现在时，主语为they，空处应用动词原形。故填serve。
6. cheaper【解析】句意：它更________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词。根据“In many ways, street food is better than restaurant food.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示它更便宜，选词cheap；空前有much，且暗含比较，应用比较级。故填cheaper。
7. because【解析】句意：你知道它真的很新鲜，________你看着厨师在你面前准备以及烹饪。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词。根据空前后两分句句意可知，空前为果空后为因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8. waiter【解析】句意：你不必担心________如何看待你，因为那里没有！分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据空后“You order and take your food by yourself.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示不必担心服务员如何对待你，选词wait；此处应用其名词形式waiter，且空前有the。故填waiter。
9. usually【解析】句意：还有一些人________在音乐节或运动比赛场地外面购买和享受食物。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词。根据句意及备选词汇可知,此处表示通常，选词usual；此处应用其副词形式。故填usually。
10. festivals【解析】句意：在许多城市还有街边小吃________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据空后“People can try new food from around the world at these festivals.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示节日，选词festival；系动词为are，空处应用可数名词复数。故填festivals。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蝴蝶翅膀的作用。
1. to warn【解析】句意：它们可能会用来吸引别的蝴蝶、______敌人远离或者隐藏自己。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处指警告敌人，warn符合语境，且要用动词不定式表目的。故填to warn。
2. dead【解析】句意：这让人们认为蝴蝶的翅膀是______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词。根据空后的“In fact, that is not true.”和下文“butterfly wings are exactly very much alive”可知，此处表示人们认为蝴蝶翅膀是没有生命的，结合备选词汇可知，die符合语境，应用die的形容词形式。故填dead。
3. shown【解析】句意：和哈佛大学的Naomi Pierce教授一起，他已经 ______ 蝴蝶的翅膀是有生命的。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境可知，此处指他已经展示了蝴蝶的翅膀是有生命的，show符合语境；根据空前的has可知，空处应用动词的过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填shown。
4. their【解析】句意：起初，两位教授想知道蝴蝶是如何在翅膀不提供热量的情况下保持______的身体温度上升。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少定语。根据空前“the butterflies”及备选词汇可知此处指它们的身体温度，they符合语境，需要用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
5. researchers【解析】句意：在他们的实验中，两位______用了一束激光加热不同种类蝴蝶的翅膀。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词作主语。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指Dr Yu 和 Dr Pierce两位研究者，research符合语境。且空前有数词two，空处应用可数名词复数。故填researchers。
6. when【解析】句意：______激光照射下的区域温度达到40度左右，蝴蝶会在几秒钟内做一些事情让自己的翅膀停止进一步加热。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词。根据空处前后两分句句意可知，when符合语境。故填when。
7. activities 【解析】句意：即使研究者让它们看不见，蝴蝶也参与所有能后产生热量的_____。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指参与所有产生热量的活动，activity符合语境。空前有all，空处应用可数名词复数。故填activities。
8. Therefore【解析】句意：_____，Dr Yu和Dr Pierce在这些翅膀上寻找传感细胞。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词。根据上文“That suggested the heat sensors(传感器) were on the wings themselves.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示因此，therefore符合语境，且句首首字母需要大写。故填Therefore。
9. similar【解析】句意：他们之后发现一些热量传感器和别的昆虫中的热量传感器_______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指和别的昆虫中的热量传感器很相似，similar符合语境。故填similar。
10. carefully【解析】句意：任何_____看一只蝴蝶的人会知道它的翅膀中有携带血淋巴的血管。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指仔细看，careful符合语境，且应用副词修饰动词look。故填carefully。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了叶子为什么会在秋天改变颜色。
1. wondered 【解析】句意：你有_______为什么吗？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。根据空后的“why”可知，此处指好奇过为什么，wonder符合语境。句中有Have，句子为现在完成时，空处应用动词过去分词。故填wondered。
2. helpful【解析】句意：叶绿素 _______叶子将阳光转化为食物。根据语境和常识可知，此处指叶绿素有助于叶子将阳光转化为食物，help符合语境。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词作表语。故填helpful。
3. to grow【解析】句意：树木用它_______新树叶，花朵和种子。根据空后“new leaves, flowers and seeds”可知，此处指生成新树叶，花朵和种子，grow符合语境。use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事，为固定用法。故填to grow。
4. giving【解析】句意：叶绿素是一种色素， _______叶子绿色的颜色。根据空后“their green color”可知，此处有指给了叶子绿色的颜色，give符合语境。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词现在分词作后置定语修饰a pigment。故填giving。
5. shorter【解析】句意：秋天到来的时候，白天会变_______。根据语境和常识可知，此处指秋天的时候白天会变短，short符合语境。此处暗含比较，因此空处应用形容词比较级。故填shorter。
6. arrival 【解析】句意：让树叶生成养料的阳光越来越少了，因为秋天的_______。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据空前“As autumn arrives”可知，此处指因为秋天的到来，arrive符合语境，结合空前的the可知，空处应用其名词形式。故填arrival。
7. because 【解析】句意：一些树开始分解树叶里的叶绿素_______它们需要营养。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词。根据空前后两分句句意可知，空前为果，空后为因，because符合语境。故填because。
8. months 【解析】句意：以这种方式，树木在冬季的几个_______可以更好地存活。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据语境和常识可知，此处指冬天的几个月，month符合语境。冬天会持续好几个月，因此空处应用可数名词复数。故填months。
9. slowly 【解析】句意：当树分解叶绿素的时候，叶子的绿色会_______消失。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词disappears。根据语境可知，此处表示会慢慢消失，slow符合语境；此处应用其副词形式。故填slowly。
10. colors 【解析】句意：同时，树叶里的其它色素开始显示自己的_______。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词作宾语。根据空前“the other pigments”可知，此处表示其它色素显示自己的颜色，color符合语境；根据主语可知，空处应用名词复数。故填colors。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了同住在一个镇上的两个吉他制造者，年轻人以价格低和制作速度快而著称，年长的人以高品质而著称。很多人为了满足虚荣心，买了年轻人的吉他。几年后，便宜的吉他开始破碎，而贵的吉他完好如初。结果，买便宜吉他的人很生气，而年长的吉他制造者的一番话，平息了此事。文章告诉我们：任何好的东西都需要时间和精力。
1. sold【解析】句意：那个年轻人做吉他非常快，并且以低价 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据空后的“cheaply”并结合备选词汇可知sell符合语境，表示以低价售出，根据空前的made可知，句子时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式。故填sold。
2. choice【解析】句意：年长的制作吉他的人花费时间并且做了一个更关注质量的 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词做宾语，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知choose符合语境，make a choice做选择，为固定搭配。故填choice。
3. richer【解析】句意：镇上的每个人都想买一把吉他因为这是一个你比其他人更________的标志。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，rich符合句意，根据空后的than可知rich的比较级形式符合语境。故填richer。
4. because【解析】句意：然而，这个年长的制造者停业了 没有人能买得起他的吉他。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据上下文可知，空处前后为因果关系。故填because。
5. bought【解析】句意：一些年后，人们之前 便宜的吉他开始破裂。分析句子结构和空前的had可知此处缺少动词过去分词，根据上文并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示多年前买的吉他，buy的过去分词符合语境。故填bought。
6. maker’s【解析】句意：买了便宜吉他的人去吉他 家里把他们的钱要回来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语。根据句意及上下文可知，此处表示去吉他制造者的家里。故填maker’s。
7. Suddenly【解析】句意： , 一个声音从人群后面传来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示突然传来声音，sudden的副词形式符合语境。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Suddenly。
8. price 【解析】句意：你们只关心吉他的_______。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据“You didn’t care about the quality of the guitars.”可知此处指吉他的价格。the price of... ……的价格，为固定短语。故填price。
9. learning【解析】句意：我已经花费了我的整个人生 如何制作能够持久一生的吉他。根据空后的“how to make guitars”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示学习如何制作吉他。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，为固定用法。故填learning。
10. takes【解析】句意：我可以告诉你们制作一些真正好的东西是 时间和努力的。分析句子结构可知此处宾语从句中缺少谓语动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示花费时间和努力。从句主语为动名词，时态为一般现在时，应用动词单三形式。故填takes。
话题一 教育故事
Passage 1
we long sure skill prepare success add scare fill week throw celebrate
Can you make a parachute (降落伞) by yourself Have you tried to make the parachute that stays in the air 1. ________ than others
Recently, our school held a parachute-making competition. We needed to make a parachute with given materials 2. ________. The parachutes in daily life seem impossible to be made by
3. ________. But it’s easy to make a simple one. Firstly, we cut a plastic bag into a round shape. Next, we sewed (缝) the bag with some threads (线) . Lastly, we brought the threads together and tied them with a heavy object. The bag 4. ________ with air as it flew down.
The most difficult part was to work with others because everyone had different ideas. Our
5. ________ meetings were important for our success. We also learned a lot about teamwork while we were 6. ________ for the competition. After much practice, we were ready.
Our team stood for our class to compete against the other 12 teams. The winner would be the one that flew the farthest. We 7. ________ some special parts to our parachutes before the final competition. And we practiced how 8. ________ the parachutes as far as possible. Finally, we won! We had a big 9. ________ after our victory.
From this competition, I learned how to work with others and developed 10. ________ of communication. I also realized if we want to have a better understanding of what we have learned, we must do it with our hands.
Passage 2
choose usual idea waste call failure read explain they good when cost
Emma was cute and used to be shy. One day she 1. ________ to stand for her class to make a speech. However, she 2. ________ worried about speaking in front of many people. Before the speech began, Emma wanted to practice her speech one more time with her friend Julie to improve her skills, including how to express her 3. ________ and speak more clearly.
But where was Julie Emma looked around, but she 4. ________ to find her. She called Julie, but Julie didn’t answer. Emma didn’t have much time 5. ________ , so she practiced her speech by herself behind the curtains(帘子) in the hall. In this way, nobody could notice her.
6. ________ it was time to line up for the ceremony, Emma finally saw Julie. “Where have you been，Julie I’ve called you five times!” Emma asked Julie.“Sorry, I didn’t hear my phone. I was 7. ________ books in the library,”replied Julie.“Where did you go I was looking for you, too. But I couldn’t find you,” Julie said.“I was in the hall but I was behind the curtains. That’s why you couldn’t find me!”Emma 8. ________ and laughed.
Julie laughed, too. “Take it easy. You’ll do a great job!” Then, the two girls took
9. ________ seats. Emma was still nervous. Julie handed her a note which said,“You can do it!” Emma felt 10. ________. After the speech, Emma smiled and said,“Sometimes a note is the best technology!”
Passage 3
fall beauty happy memory high pass sad lose whether anything consider full
外文素材改编自Oxford Discover
抓住时间,享受当下
One morning, Marisol saw an amazing view from halfway down the block. She saw a beautiful sunflower that was as big as a plate. It was the 1. ________ among all the plants in the garden.
The color of the flower was bright. All summer long, it was 2. ________ as a relaxing flower by passers-by(路人). Marisol especially 3. ________ herself in watching it grow.
Soon the air became cool and dry with autumn coming. Something terrible was happening to the little girl’s favorite sunflower. Its leaves were dry and 4. ________ down. “The sunflower is sick,” Marisol said 5. ________.“ What should I do I wonder 6. ________ the flower is still alive. I don’t want it to die!” “Oh, child, don’t cry,” Mrs. Washington said. “Its season is over. There’s a time to bloom and a time to die. That’s the way of the flower. You should save the seeds(种子) and plant them again next spring.”
But Marisol still felt sad. For a whole week, she couldn’t even pass the block where the
7. ________ flower used to be. Then one day, she heard people calling her name in her yard. “Marisol! Hurry!” It seemed 8. ________ unusual in the block. When she went out, she saw there was a big crowd, like on a holiday. Music from the store was loud. And what she saw made Marisol laugh and dance 9.________.
There is always something unforgettable in our 10. ________. But we should accept the facts and the way things go. Most importantly, catch the day and enjoy the moment.
话题二 人物介绍
Passage 4
ask become tell important continue activity return old move far young spirit
Wang Dakang is a famous person in his hometown of Leshan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province. It is because of his 1.________ life story.
In the 1980s, Wang Dakang 2.________ the first person in China to complete a round trip of the country using only by riding a bicycle. And later he 3.________ to write his experience into a book. However, his “book” was refused at first. So he fully realized the 4.________ of learning.
At the age of 61, he studied at Sichuan Normal College in Sichuan province in 1996. But his path for knowledge kept 5.________. In 2000, Wang began his Master’s (硕士) studies in the same college and studied travel literature (文学). In 2008, he went to Leshan Normal University for 6.________ study and graduated in 2012. Wang’s 560,000-word book of his trip in the 1980s was finally published in 2016.
At present, Wang 7.________ to his hometown, which is a small village in Leshan. He spends his days following planned daily 8.________ carefully and seriously.
“Now I just feel there is so much to learn,” Wang said. “I want to keep learning as I grow 9.________ and I will study until the very end,” he added. “Never say too late because of old age.” An 86-year-old grandpa with learning 10.________ is a good example for us to learn from! And we should share his story with more people.
Passage 5
skill anything choice do early get catch hobby wide bring interest work
Nowadays, most young people are crazy about all kinds of modern technologies. But Yu Chenrui 1. to look back.
Yu, 29, is a maker of automata(自动机械). Perhaps less than ten people in China
2. it as a full-time job.
The history of automata goes back centuries ago. The 3. makers probably came from the ancient Greece(希腊). Actually the word “automata” comes from the Greek language which means “self-acting”. Yu has been 4. in hand craft sever(切断技艺) since he was a boy. At college, he studied art. In 2015, when Yu saw automata works by Japanese artist Kazuaki Harada, he realized that this could be 5. that he truly wanted as a career.
Then he began to learn to build automata by himself. Since automata have never been 6.
popular in China, it’s hard to find a book or learn from a teacher. Yu turned to the Internet
7. information. His friends also 8. him books from foreign museums.
When he finished college in 2016, Yu got a job in Beijing. However, that job took up too much of Yu’s time, and he didn’t have time for 9. . Later, Yu left his job and returned to his hometown in Chengdu, and he opened an automata workshop. Now Yu's works have
10. the attention of world-famous artists, including Kazuaki Harada himself. “A wonderful thing about automata is that they interest people of all ages,” said Yu. “Adults think of them as art, while children see them as toys.”
话题三 异国文化
Passage 6
they draw bring difference introduce around write safe object surprise place hope
Indonesians love to celebrate. They believe that celebrating and eating together 1. ________ good luck. Let’s have a party in Indonesia style.
Would you be 2. ________ to find a New Year’s Day in March Indonesians on the island of Bali are getting ready to ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March or April on the night of the new moon. And it is a symbol of a new start for the people and the island of Bali. On the eve of Nyepi, families and friends get together in the market. They carry a huge monster(怪兽)
3. ________ the village three times. It is made of wood and other materials. After that, people set it on fire, 4. ________ to drive out bad things.
After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child’s first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family to a party 5. ________ the baby. They put all kinds of
6. ________ such as a bracelet（手镯）, pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a 7. ________. A child who picks up a gold bracelet may be rich when he or she grows up.
Each event has its own 8. ________ purpose to celebrate. While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family, Galungan celebrates its past ancestors returning ‘home’ who have died during this ten-day celebration. And living relatives do their best to make them happy and go ‘home’
9. ________. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples.
Next year, Indonesia will be buzzing(发出嗡嗡声) again with celebrations, so welcome to the party! People will enjoy 10. ________ there. And they’ll surely feel the warmth of the Indonesian people!
Passage 7
serve cheap wait share taste festival surprise usual because know you difference
In lots of countries around the world, street food is very popular. When you travel to India, you can get 1. _______ kinds of curry (咖喱) made with meat or with vegetables and lots of chilli (红辣椒). On the streets of Thailand, you have the chance of 2. _______ fish soup, rice or noodles and meat. For dessert, you can have fried bananas, fresh fruit pancakes or Thai sweets. Mexico is 3. _______ for its wonderful tacos (炸玉米饼) served with salsa (洋葱做的辣调味汁) made of green onions, tomatoes and other things. In Germany and Denmark, you can see
4. _______ ordered meat served with bread and fried onions. And in France they 5. _______ lovely pancakes. At the seaside in many countries, people eat chips, ice cream or seafood.
In many ways, street food is better than restaurant food. It’s much 6. _______. And you know it’s really fresh 7. _______ you watch the cook prepare and cook it in front of you. It’s also more fun to eat—you can use your hands. And you don’t worry about what the 8. _______ thinks of you as there is none! You order and take your food by yourself. There are some people who 9. ______ buy and enjoy food outside at music festivals and at sports events like football matches. There are also street food 10. _______ in many cities. People can try new food from around the world at these festivals.
话题四 科普知识
Passage 8
similar they truth warn research activity therefore careful die when show visit
A butterfly’s wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect fly in the air. They may be called on to attract others, 1. _______ enemies to stay away or to cover themselves. All of these roles, though, depend on their colors—which are unchanging. This makes people think that butterfly wings are 2. _______. In fact, that is not true.
Nanfang Yu, a professor at Columbia University has been looking into the matter. Along with Naomi Pierce, a professor at Harvard University, he has now 3. _______ that butterfly wings are exactly very much alive.
At first, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce wanted to know how the butterflies keep 4. _______ body temperatures up without their wings making heat.
In their experiments, the two 5. _______ used a laser (激光) to heat up the wings of different butterfly species. The butterflies replied within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further 6. _______ the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40°C or so.
Butterflies took part in all 7. _______ that produce heat even when the researchers made them unable to see. That suggested the heat sensors (传感器) were on the wings themselves.
8. _______, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce searched those wings for sensory cells. They later found some heat sensors were 9. _______ to those in other insects.
Another discovery Dr Yu and Dr Pierce made was that some butterfly wings have a heartbeat. Anyone who has looked 10. _______ at a butterfly will know that its wings have veins (血管) that carry hemolymph(血淋巴). They discovered that hemolymph continues to run through the veins throughout the insects’ life.
Passage 9
because short give wonder arrive grow help month color slow
In autumn, the leaves of some trees turn red or yellow. Have you ever 1. _______ why
In spring and summer, leaves use chlorophyll (叶绿素) to catch sunlight. It is 2. _______ for the leaves to turn sunlight into food. The food the leaves make is sugar. Trees use it 3. _______ new leaves, flowers and seeds.
Chlorophyll is a pigment (色素) 4. _______ leaves their green color. There are also other pigments in the leaves. But in spring and summer, you can’t see most of their colors.
As autumn arrives, the days get 5. _______. There is less sunshine for the leaves to make food with because of the 6. _______ of autumn. Some trees start to break down the chlorophyll in their leaves 7. _______ they need to get nutrients (营养). The nutrients are then stored in their roots. In this way, the trees can grow better during the cold winter 8. _______.
When a tree breaks down chlorophyll, the green color of its leaves 9. _______ disappears. At the same time, the other pigments in the leaves begin to show their 10. _______. The leaves turn orange, red or yellow. In the end, the leaves die and fall off the trees.
话题五 哲理故事
Passage 10
rich waste sudden because take maker sell learn buy price cost choose
Two guitar makers lived in the same town. The young builder made the guitars very quickly and 1. _______ them cheaply. The old builder took his time and made a(n) 2. _______ to pay more attention to the quality (质量). Everyone in the town wanted to buy a guitar because it was a sign that you are 3. _______ than others. So both builders were very busy.
However, bad times came to the town, and no one had much money. The young builder did well and made a lot of money. The old builder, however, went out of business 4. _______ no one could afford his guitars.
After some years, the cheap guitars that people had 5. ______ began to break. The guitars that the old builder made were still perfect. The people who had kept cheap guitars went to the guitar 6. ______ house to get their money back.
7. _______, a voice called out from behind the people. “Wait！” said the voice. “How can you blame him This man never said his guitars were good. He always said that they were cheap. You didn’t care about the quality of the guitars. You cared only about the 8. _______ of the guitar！” The voice came from the old guitar maker.
“I have spent my whole life 9. _______ how to make guitars that last a lifetime. And I can tell you making something that is really good 10. _______ time and efforts,” he said. All the people went home.
Today, there are many guitar makers in that little town, and they all make guitars that last a lifetime.
答案详解详析
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者学校举办了一场制作降落伞的比赛，作者明白了如何与他人协作并且只有亲自动手才能更好地理解自己所学的东西。
1. longer【解析】句意：你有没有试过让降落伞保持在空中的时间比平常______一点？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指尝试让降落伞在空中停留时间更长。故填longer。
2. successfully【解析】句意：我们需要用给定的材料______制作一个降落伞。分析句子结构可知，此处应填入副词修饰“make a parachute”。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指成功地制作一个降落伞，successful符合此处的语境，且此处用其副词形式。故填successfully。
3. ourselves【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中看到的降落伞似乎是不可能_____制作的。by oneself意为“靠某人自己”,为固定用法。故填ourselves。
4. was filled【解析】句意：袋子飞落下来的时候______空气。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和生活常识可知袋子从空中飞落下来时会充满空气，fill符合此处语境；且根据主语“The bag”及空后的with可知此处考查be filled with这一固定搭配，意为“充满”。文章讲述过去的事情，时态应为一般过去时。故填was filled。
5. weekly 【解析】句意：我们的______例会对我们的成功很重要。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词修饰meetings。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指每周例会，week符合此处语境，且此处用其形容词形式。故填weekly。
6. preparing 【解析】句意：我们在______比赛的时候也学到了很多关于团队合作的知识。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指在准备比赛的时候，prepare符合此处语境；结合空前“We also learned a lot about teamwork while”可知此处应用prepare的过去进行时。故填preparing。
7. added【解析】句意：在最后的比赛前，我们在降落伞上______一些特殊的零件。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指加了一些零件，与句中的to构成add...to...，意为“把……增加到……”。文章讲述过去的事情，时态应为一般过去时。故填added。
8. to throw【解析】句意：我们练习了如何把降落伞______尽可能远。分析句子结构可知，此处应填入动词不定式与空前的how作状语。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指把降落伞扔得尽可能远，throw符合此处语境；且此处应用其不定式形式。故填to throw。
9. celebration【解析】句意：在胜利之后我们举办了一场盛大的______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指举办了一场盛大的庆祝活动，celebrate符合此处语境；且空前有不定冠词a，应用其名词单数形式。故填celebration。
10. skills【解析】句意：从这次比赛中，我学会了如何与他人合作，并发展了沟通______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处指发展了沟通的技巧，skill符合此处语境；且不止一种技巧，应用其复数形式。故填skills。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在毕业典礼前Emma因为要演讲感到很紧张，于是一个人躲在帘子后练习，她的好朋友Julie在她上场前递给她一张纸条，上面写着鼓励她的话，Emma因此深受感动。文章旨在告诉我们：来自朋友的一句看似简单的鼓励在特定的时候能够发挥巨大的作用，我们应该感恩那些在我们需要的时候鼓励我们的朋友。
1. was chosen【解析】句意：一天Emma_______代表她们班做演讲。分析句子结构及句意可知此处为被动语态，表示Emma被选择，choose符合题意。空前主语是she，且本文时态为一般过去时，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was chosen。
2. usually【解析】句意：然而，她 会担心在很多人面前讲话。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词。根据语境及句意可知此处指她经常会担心，空处应用副词修饰动词worried。故填usually。
3. ideas【解析】句意：Emma想和她的朋友Julie再练习一次她的演讲，以提高她的技能，包括如何表达自己的________和与他人交流。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据空前的express可知，此处应表示表达她的想法，idea符合题意。空前无冠词，此处应用名词复数形式。故填ideas。
4. failed【解析】句意：Emma向四周看，但她______找到她。根据空后“She called Julie , but Julie didn’t answer.”可知，此处表示Emma未能成功找到Julie，fail符合题意，且时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式。故填failed。
5. to waste【解析】句意：Emma并没有很多时间 。因此，她在大厅的帘子后面练习她的演讲。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少动词，根据空后“so she practiced her speech behind the curtains (帘子) in the hall”可知此处指她没有多少时间浪费了，waste符合题意，此处应填不定式。故填to waste。
6. When【解析】句意： 时候为该庆典排队，Emma最终看见Julie了。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词。根据空后两分句句意可知，此处指当……的时候，when符合题意。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填When。
7. reading【解析】句意：我正在图书馆 书。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少动词。根据空后的“books in the library”并结合常识可知，此处指在图书馆借书，read符合题意。句子时态为过去进行时，空前有系动词was，空处应用动词现在分词。故填reading。
8. explained【解析】句意：Emma 并且笑了。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词。根据空前“That’s why you couldn’t find me!”可知，此处指Emma解释说。句子时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式。故填explained。
9. their【解析】句意：然后这两个女孩坐在了 的座位上。根据空前“the two girls”可知，此处指她们的座位。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词性的词修饰名词seats，因此空处应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
10. better【解析】句意：Emma感觉 。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词作表语。根据上句“Julie handed her a note which said,‘You can do it!’”，可知，此处指Emma感觉好多了，因此空处应用形容词比较级。故填better。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。玛丽索尔从街区上看到了有盘子那么大的向日葵，它给人们带来快乐，但到了秋天它的叶子变干以至死亡。玛丽索尔非常难过，一个星期没有去美丽的花朵所在的街区。威利·梅·华盛顿夫人告诉她这是植物的生活方式，有花开就有花落。故事告诉我们：我们应该接受事物的发展方式，最重要的是，抓住时间，享受当下。
1. highest 【解析】句意：它是花园里所有的植物中______。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，根据语境可知此处表示“最高的”，high符合语境，且应用其最高级形式。故填highest。
2. considered【解析】句意：整个夏天，它被路人______一种令人放松的花。根据语境可知此处表示“看作”，consider符合语境。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语it与谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填considered。
3. lost【解析】句意：玛丽索尔尤其______看着它的成长。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词；根据固定用法lose oneself in doing sth.可知，此处表示“沉迷于……”，lose符合语境，且此处时态为一般过去时。故填lost。
4. falling【解析】句意：它的叶子（变得）干燥并______下来。根据句意可知，此处表示“下落”，fall符合语境。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词，根据空前的“were”可知，此处表示动作过去正在进行，所以句子为过去进行时态。故填falling。
5. sadly【解析】句意：“向日葵病了，”玛丽索尔______说。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词；根据句意可知，此处表示“难过地”，sad符合语境。故填sadly。
6. whether【解析】句意：我想知道_______花还活着。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处表示“我想知道花是否还活着”，whether符合语境。故填whether。
7. beautiful【解析】句意：整整一周，她都不敢往下看她那朵_______花曾经所在的街区。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“美丽的”，beauty符合语境。故填beautiful。
8. something【解析】句意：似乎街区______不寻常。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词；根据语境可知，此处表示“有些事情”不寻常，anything符合语境。故填something。
9. happily【解析】句意：玛丽索尔所看到的让她 ______ 笑着跳起舞来。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词；根据语境可知,此处表示“开心地”，happy符合语境。故填happily。
10. memories【解析】句意：在我们的______中，总有一些令人难忘的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词；根据语境可知，此处指“记忆”表示泛指，memory符合语境此处应用其复数形式。故填memories。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位86岁的高龄老人王大康——学霸爷爷关于生命不息、学习不止、令人感动、催人奋进的故事。故事告诉我们：活到老学到老是我们每个人都应该学习并要一直传递下去的精神。
1. moving【解析】句意：这是因为他________的故事。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作定语。根据下文内容可知此处指令人感动的故事，move符合语境，应用其-ing形式。故填moving。
2. became【解析】句意：上世纪80年代，王大康________中国第一个只用自行车完成全国往返旅行的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词作谓语。根据上文“Wang Dakang is a famous person in his hometown of Leshan city in Southwest China’s Sichuan province.”并结合常识可知，此处表示“成为”，become符合语境，根据句首时间状语In the 1980s可知此处应用动词的过去式形式。故填became。
3. was asked【解析】句意：后来他________把他的经历写进一本书。分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词作谓语。根据句意可知，此处表示“被要求”，ask符合语境，根据主语he可知，此处应用was与ask的过去分词形式构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填was asked。
4. importance【解析】句意：所以他充分认识到学习的________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据上句“However, his ‘book’ was refused at first.”可知，此处指充分认识到学习的重要性。故填importance。
5. continuing【解析】句意：他追求知识的道路一直在________。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非谓语动词。根据下句“In 2000, Wang began his Master’s (硕士) studies in the same college and studied travel literature（文学）.”可知，此处指他追求知识的道路一直在继续。keep doing sth.一直做某事。故填continuing。
6. further【解析】句意：2008年，他去乐山师范学院________学习并且在2012年毕业。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词。根据句意可知此处指进一步学习,应用比较级。故填further。
7. returns【解析】句意：目前，王大康________他的家乡，那是乐山市的一个小村庄。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。根据下文“He spends his days following planned daily 8.________ carefully and seriously.”可知此处指返回。故填returns。
8. activities【解析】句意：他每天都认认真真地按照计划进行日常________。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词。根据空前的“daily”可知，此处表示日常活动，activity符合语境，activity为可数名词，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
9. older【解析】句意：随着年龄的________，我想继续学习，我会学习到最后。分析句子结构可知，表示随着年龄的增长，此处应填比较级形式。故填older。
10. spirit【解析】句意：一位86岁有学习________的爷爷为我们树立了一个好榜样!分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词与with构成介词短语作后置定语。根据句意可知，此处表示学霸爷爷的这种生命不息，学习不止的精神，他是我们学习的榜样。故填spirit。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述余晨睿是如何喜欢上制作自动操作装置并在该领域声名远扬的故事。
1. chooses【解析】句意：但是余晨睿_______回顾过去。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词；根据上文“most young people are crazy about all kinds of modern technologies”及结合备选词汇可知choose符合题意，表示他选择回顾过去，主语是Yu Chenrui，谓语动词应用单三。故填chooses。
2. are doing【解析】句意：或许中国只有不到十个人把它作为全职工作在_______。分析句子结构可知空处缺少谓语动词；结合备选词汇可知do符合题意，表示做这份工作；根据语境可知，此处时态为现在进行时，且主语为复数，空处应用are doing。故填are doing。
3. earliest【解析】句意：最_______的制作者可能来自古希腊。分析句子结构可知空处缺少形容词；根据句中的“from ancient Greece（希腊）”及结合备选词汇可知early符合题意，表示最早的制造者；结合空前的The，可知此处需填形容词最高级。故填earliest。
4. interested【解析】句意：余自从还是个小男孩的时候就对手工切断技艺_______。分析句子结构可知空处缺少形容词；根据语境及结合备选词汇可知interest符合题意，表示他对手工切断技艺感兴趣；be interested in对……感兴趣。故填interested。
5. something【解析】句意：……他意识到这_______可能是他一直想要的事业。根据下文中的“that he truly wanted as a career”及结合备选词汇可知anything符合题意，此处应用其肯定形式。故填something。
6. widely【解析】句意：因为自动操作装置在中国从来不是流行_______，很难找到一本书或是从老师那里学习。分析句子结构可知空处可填副词；根据下文中的“it's hard to find a book or learn from a teacher”及结合备选词汇可知wide符合题意，表示从未在中国广泛流行；空处应用其副词形式。故填widely。
7. to get【解析】句意：余转向互联网_______信息。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词不定式作目的状语；根据空后的“information”及结合备选词汇可知get符合题意，表示得到信息；空处应用动词不定式。故填to get。
8. brought【解析】句意：他的朋友们也从外国的博物馆给他________书。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词。根据上文“it's hard to find a book or learn from a teacher”及结合备选词汇可知此处表示他的朋友们给他带书，bring符合语境。根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时。故填brought。
9. hobby【解析】句意：然而那份工作占用了余的大多数时间，他没有时间发展他的_______。分析句子结构可知空处可填名词；根据语境及结合备选词汇可知hobby符合题意，表示没有时间发展他的爱好---机关人偶。空前无冠词，空处应用可数名词复数。故填hobby。
10. caught 【解析】句意：现在，余的工作已经_______世界著名艺术家们的关注，包括Kazuaki Harada本人的关注。根据下文“A wonderful thing about automata is that they interest people of all ages”及结合备选词汇可知catch符合题意，表示吸引了世界著名艺术家们的关注；空前有have，此处应用动词过去分词形式与have构成现在完成时。故填caught。
Passage 6
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了印度尼西亚的庆祝活动。旨在引导学生了解不同国家的风俗与文化，开阔视野，增长见识，感受别样的风土人情。
1. brings【解析】句意：他们相信一起庆祝和吃饭会 好运。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据上文“Indonesians love to celebrate.”并结合备选词汇可知，指的是带来好运，选词bring，主语“celebrating and eating”为动名词作主语，谓语动词用单三。故填brings。
2. surprised【解析】句意：如果新年是在三月，你会 吗？分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知surprise的-ed形容词形式符合语境，指的是感到惊讶。故填surprised。
3. around【解析】句意：他们带着这个怪物 这个村庄三次。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据下文“After that, people set it on fire, 4. ________ to drive out bad things.”可知此处指围绕这个村庄三次。故填around。
4. hoping【解析】句意：在那之后，人们点燃它， 驱除坏的东西。分析句子结构可知此处缺少非谓语动词。根据下文“drive out bad things”并结合备选词汇可知hope符合语境，此处应用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填hoping。
5. to introduce【解析】句意：在Turun Tanah，父母邀请朋友和家人参加聚会来 婴儿。分析句子结构可知此处缺少非谓语动词。根据上文“ After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child’s first steps.”并结合备选词汇可知introduce符合语境，指的是介绍婴儿，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填to introduce。
6. objects【解析】句意：他们把不同的 ，如手镯，钢笔，镜子或玩具电脑摆在他们孩子周围。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作宾语。根据下文“such as a bracelet（手镯）, pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby”并结合备选词汇可知object的复数形式符合语境，指的是不同的物品。故填objects。
7. writer【解析】句意：如果婴儿拿起一支钢笔，他/她可能会成为一名 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作表语。根据上文“If the baby picks up a pen”并结合备选词汇可知write表示人的名词形式符合语境，指的是成为一名作家。故填writer。
8. different【解析】句意：每个活动都有自己 庆祝目的。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。根据下文“While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family, Galungan celebrates its past ancestors return ‘home’ who have died during this ten-day celebration.”并结合备选词汇可知difference的形容词形式符合语境，指的是不同的目的。故填different。
9. safely【解析】句意：活着的亲戚尽他们最大的努力让他们快乐和 回“家”。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知safe的副词形式符合语境，指的是安全回“家”。故填safely。
10. themselves【解析】句意：人们在那儿享受 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少代词作宾语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知they的反身代词符合语境，enjoy oneself玩得开心，为固定短语。故填themselves。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上不同国家的街边小吃，这些食物很有地方的特色并且受到了来自世界各地人们的喜爱，而且还有一些地方举办了街边小吃节，世界各地的人们可以在小吃节尝试新的食物。
1. different【解析】句意：在印度，你可以吃到________种类的咖喱，它们是由肉或者蔬菜以及很多红辣椒制作而成的。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词。根据空后“made with meat or with vegetables and lots of chilli(红辣椒)”及备选词汇可知，此处表示不同种类的咖喱，选词difference；此处应用其形容词形式different。故填different。
2. tasting【解析】句意：在泰国的街上，你有机会________鱼汤、米饭、面条和肉。根据语境及备选词汇可知可知此处表示品尝，选词taste；空前有of，空处应用动名词形式。故填tasting。
3. known【解析】句意：墨西哥以美味的玉米饼和绿洋葱、黄瓜、番茄做的辣调味汁而________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词。根据空后“for its wonderful tacos(炸玉米饼) served with salsa(洋葱做的辣调味汁) made of onions, tomatoes,chilli and other things.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示闻名，选词know；句子主语和谓语动词存在逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词过去分词，be known for以……而闻名。故填known。
4. your【解析】句意：在德国和丹麦，你可以看见________点的肉配着面包以及煎洋葱一起上菜。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词性的词作定语。根据句子主语you及备选词汇可知此处表示你的已经点了的肉，选词you；此处应用其形容词性物主代词。故填your。
5. serve【解析】句意：在法国，他们________可爱的煎饼。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处表示“上菜”之意，选词serve；句子时态为一般现在时，主语为they，空处应用动词原形。故填serve。
6. cheaper【解析】句意：它更________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词。根据“In many ways, street food is better than restaurant food.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示它更便宜，选词cheap；空前有much，且暗含比较，应用比较级。故填cheaper。
7. because【解析】句意：你知道它真的很新鲜，________你看着厨师在你面前准备以及烹饪。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词。根据空前后两分句句意可知，空前为果空后为因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8. waiter【解析】句意：你不必担心________如何看待你，因为那里没有！分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据空后“You order and take your food by yourself.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示不必担心服务员如何对待你，选词wait；此处应用其名词形式waiter，且空前有the。故填waiter。
9. usually【解析】句意：还有一些人________在音乐节或运动比赛场地外面购买和享受食物。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词。根据句意及备选词汇可知,此处表示通常，选词usual；此处应用其副词形式。故填usually。
10. festivals【解析】句意：在许多城市还有街边小吃________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据空后“People can try new food from around the world at these festivals.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示节日，选词festival；系动词为are，空处应用可数名词复数。故填festivals。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蝴蝶翅膀的作用。
1. to warn【解析】句意：它们可能会用来吸引别的蝴蝶、______敌人远离或者隐藏自己。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处指警告敌人，warn符合语境，且要用动词不定式表目的。故填to warn。
2. dead【解析】句意：这让人们认为蝴蝶的翅膀是______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词。根据空后的“In fact, that is not true.”和下文“butterfly wings are exactly very much alive”可知，此处表示人们认为蝴蝶翅膀是没有生命的，结合备选词汇可知，die符合语境，应用die的形容词形式。故填dead。
3. shown【解析】句意：和哈佛大学的Naomi Pierce教授一起，他已经 ______ 蝴蝶的翅膀是有生命的。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。根据语境可知，此处指他已经展示了蝴蝶的翅膀是有生命的，show符合语境；根据空前的has可知，空处应用动词的过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填shown。
4. their【解析】句意：起初，两位教授想知道蝴蝶是如何在翅膀不提供热量的情况下保持______的身体温度上升。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少定语。根据空前“the butterflies”及备选词汇可知此处指它们的身体温度，they符合语境，需要用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
5. researchers【解析】句意：在他们的实验中，两位______用了一束激光加热不同种类蝴蝶的翅膀。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词作主语。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指Dr Yu 和 Dr Pierce两位研究者，research符合语境。且空前有数词two，空处应用可数名词复数。故填researchers。
6. when【解析】句意：______激光照射下的区域温度达到40度左右，蝴蝶会在几秒钟内做一些事情让自己的翅膀停止进一步加热。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词。根据空处前后两分句句意可知，when符合语境。故填when。
7. activities 【解析】句意：即使研究者让它们看不见，蝴蝶也参与所有能后产生热量的_____。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指参与所有产生热量的活动，activity符合语境。空前有all，空处应用可数名词复数。故填activities。
8. Therefore【解析】句意：_____，Dr Yu和Dr Pierce在这些翅膀上寻找传感细胞。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词。根据上文“That suggested the heat sensors(传感器) were on the wings themselves.”及备选词汇可知，此处表示因此，therefore符合语境，且句首首字母需要大写。故填Therefore。
9. similar【解析】句意：他们之后发现一些热量传感器和别的昆虫中的热量传感器_______。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指和别的昆虫中的热量传感器很相似，similar符合语境。故填similar。
10. carefully【解析】句意：任何_____看一只蝴蝶的人会知道它的翅膀中有携带血淋巴的血管。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指仔细看，careful符合语境，且应用副词修饰动词look。故填carefully。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了叶子为什么会在秋天改变颜色。
1. wondered 【解析】句意：你有_______为什么吗？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。根据空后的“why”可知，此处指好奇过为什么，wonder符合语境。句中有Have，句子为现在完成时，空处应用动词过去分词。故填wondered。
2. helpful【解析】句意：叶绿素 _______叶子将阳光转化为食物。根据语境和常识可知，此处指叶绿素有助于叶子将阳光转化为食物，help符合语境。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少形容词作表语。故填helpful。
3. to grow【解析】句意：树木用它_______新树叶，花朵和种子。根据空后“new leaves, flowers and seeds”可知，此处指生成新树叶，花朵和种子，grow符合语境。use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事，为固定用法。故填to grow。
4. giving【解析】句意：叶绿素是一种色素， _______叶子绿色的颜色。根据空后“their green color”可知，此处有指给了叶子绿色的颜色，give符合语境。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词现在分词作后置定语修饰a pigment。故填giving。
5. shorter【解析】句意：秋天到来的时候，白天会变_______。根据语境和常识可知，此处指秋天的时候白天会变短，short符合语境。此处暗含比较，因此空处应用形容词比较级。故填shorter。
6. arrival 【解析】句意：让树叶生成养料的阳光越来越少了，因为秋天的_______。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据空前“As autumn arrives”可知，此处指因为秋天的到来，arrive符合语境，结合空前的the可知，空处应用其名词形式。故填arrival。
7. because 【解析】句意：一些树开始分解树叶里的叶绿素_______它们需要营养。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词。根据空前后两分句句意可知，空前为果，空后为因，because符合语境。故填because。
8. months 【解析】句意：以这种方式，树木在冬季的几个_______可以更好地存活。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词。根据语境和常识可知，此处指冬天的几个月，month符合语境。冬天会持续好几个月，因此空处应用可数名词复数。故填months。
9. slowly 【解析】句意：当树分解叶绿素的时候，叶子的绿色会_______消失。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词disappears。根据语境可知，此处表示会慢慢消失，slow符合语境；此处应用其副词形式。故填slowly。
10. colors 【解析】句意：同时，树叶里的其它色素开始显示自己的_______。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少名词作宾语。根据空前“the other pigments”可知，此处表示其它色素显示自己的颜色，color符合语境；根据主语可知，空处应用名词复数。故填colors。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了同住在一个镇上的两个吉他制造者，年轻人以价格低和制作速度快而著称，年长的人以高品质而著称。很多人为了满足虚荣心，买了年轻人的吉他。几年后，便宜的吉他开始破碎，而贵的吉他完好如初。结果，买便宜吉他的人很生气，而年长的吉他制造者的一番话，平息了此事。文章告诉我们：任何好的东西都需要时间和精力。
1. sold【解析】句意：那个年轻人做吉他非常快，并且以低价 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据空后的“cheaply”并结合备选词汇可知sell符合语境，表示以低价售出，根据空前的made可知，句子时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式。故填sold。
2. choice【解析】句意：年长的制作吉他的人花费时间并且做了一个更关注质量的 。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词做宾语，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知choose符合语境，make a choice做选择，为固定搭配。故填choice。
3. richer【解析】句意：镇上的每个人都想买一把吉他因为这是一个你比其他人更________的标志。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，rich符合句意，根据空后的than可知rich的比较级形式符合语境。故填richer。
4. because【解析】句意：然而，这个年长的制造者停业了 没有人能买得起他的吉他。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据上下文可知，空处前后为因果关系。故填because。
5. bought【解析】句意：一些年后，人们之前 便宜的吉他开始破裂。分析句子结构和空前的had可知此处缺少动词过去分词，根据上文并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示多年前买的吉他，buy的过去分词符合语境。故填bought。
6. maker’s【解析】句意：买了便宜吉他的人去吉他 家里把他们的钱要回来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语。根据句意及上下文可知，此处表示去吉他制造者的家里。故填maker’s。
7. Suddenly【解析】句意： , 一个声音从人群后面传来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示突然传来声音，sudden的副词形式符合语境。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Suddenly。
8. price 【解析】句意：你们只关心吉他的_______。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据“You didn’t care about the quality of the guitars.”可知此处指吉他的价格。the price of... ……的价格，为固定短语。故填price。
9. learning【解析】句意：我已经花费了我的整个人生 如何制作能够持久一生的吉他。根据空后的“how to make guitars”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示学习如何制作吉他。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，为固定用法。故填learning。
10. takes【解析】句意：我可以告诉你们制作一些真正好的东西是 时间和努力的。分析句子结构可知此处宾语从句中缺少谓语动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示花费时间和努力。从句主语为动名词，时态为一般现在时，应用动词单三形式。故填takes。
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