2024成都中考英语试题研补充训练3 人与自然——自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与自我保护（课件）(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
完成对话
3
2
选择性阅读理解
1
完形填空
补充训练3　
人与自然——自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与
自我保护
补全短文
4
一、 完形填空
外文素材改编自180 Days of READING
勇于面对生活中的意外
A storm had been reported for a few days. Finally one afternoon, it arrived. Melanie had just gotten home from school when the 1 changed. The sky began to get dark and the wind began to blow harder. She hurried to 2 the windows so that the rain wouldn't come in.
( )1. A. weather B. place C. time
( )2. A. break B. clean C. close
A
C
For a while, there was nothing happening, though it started to rain 3 . Luckily, Melanie's mom and dad got home from work before the weather got 4 .
Then, all of a sudden, the rain poured down. It was raining so hard that Melanie could hardly 5 anything through the window, but she could certainly hear the wind.
( )3. A. lightly B. carefully C. quickly
( )4. A. worse B. stranger C. colder
( )5. A. find B. see C. feel
A
A
B
Soon, everything went much darker. 思维拓展2题For a moment, everybody sat silently, but then Melanie made her way to the kitchen for some 6 . Melanie's father went to the sofa and her mother took some food out of the kitchen. Everyone sat in the living room as they 7 the storm to pass.
( )6. A. boxes B. glasses C. candles
( )7. A. looked at B. waited for C. worried about
C
B
By the next morning, the storm had blown away. Everything was wet after the heavy rain. But everyone was in safety. And nothing was 8 . Melanie and her family felt 9 about it.
Something unexpected often 10 in our life, but whether it is good or not, we should face it bravely.
( )8. A. caught B. hidden C. broken
( )9. A. bored B. tired C. lucky
( )10. A. changes B. happens C. continues
C
C
B
语篇研读
What：讲述了Melanie一家经历暴风雨的故事。
Why：引导学生主动学习应对自然灾害的方法，勇于面对生活中的意外，学会保护自己和他人。
语篇研读
How：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：按照时间顺序介绍了暴雨前、暴雨中和暴雨后的情景， 结构清晰，使读者一目了然。
③语言特点：文章第二段通过描述倾盆而下的大雨和窗外的风声来表现出暴风雨之夜的可怕，如“the rain poured down”和 “could hardly see anything”，让读者感受到暴风雨来临时的紧张和恐惧，意识到自然灾害的猝不及防。
. .
. .
思维拓展
语篇研读
( )1. What kind of weather is mentioned in the passage
A
( )2. [信息匹配] Match the people with the action according to the passage.
①Melanie　　　　　　②Mom　　　　　　③Dad
a. went to the sofa.
b. took some food out of the kitchen.
c. felt her way to the kitchen for some candles.
A. ①—a; ②—c; ③—b　B. ①—c; ②—a; ③—b　C. ①—c; ②—b; ③—a
思维拓展
语篇研读
C
二、选择型阅读理解
[语篇类型·提示牌]
外文素材改编自NEW Cornerstone
雷电天气的安全知识
4题Staying Safe in a Lightning Storm
Lightning can be dangerous. Here are some suggestions to stay safe.
Outdoors
Check if thunderstorms are coming in the weather report.
Find a strong building or in a car with a hard roof(屋顶)．
1题 Do not stand under the trees that are alone in the middle of a field.
Do not stand under the tall trees when there are shorter trees close by.
Do not stand near things that are made of metal
Indoors
Close all the windows and doors.
Do not take a bath or shower. 2题Stay away from water.
Turn off electrical appliances(电子设备), including computers and TVs.
The Lightning Crouch(蹲伏)
If you feel your skin tingling(刺痛) or your hair standing up, this could mean you are about to be hit by lightning. Get into the “Lightning Crouch”. Crouch down low and curl(卷曲) into a small ball. 3题Put your hands on your knees and keep your head down. Try to be as small as you can, and touch the ground as little as possible. Do not lie on the ground!
语篇研读
What：介绍了关于雷电天气自救的安全知识。
Why：引导学生学会在极端天气下保护自己。
How：①文体特征：应用文——提示牌。
②写作手法：文章使用三组小标题清晰地呈现出雷电天气发生时，在室内、室外以及特殊情况下如何保护自己的方法。
. .
.
( )1. [细节多选] Which of the following are safe during a lightning storm
①Stand under the trees.
②Run into a room with a hard roof.
③Stand away from things that are made of metal.
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③
( )2. What can you do if you are indoors during a rainstorm
A. Take a shower. B. Watch TV in the room.
C. Stay away from water.
C
C
( )3. What can you infer from the last paragraph
A. You should put your hands on your head when lightning strikes.
B. The more you touch the ground, the more dangerous you are.
C. Lying on the ground can prevent you from hitting by lightning.
( )4. [语篇类型] What is the text
A. A story. B. A novel. C. A notice board.
B
C
解题有策略
语篇类型
考查学生结合文章的主要内容及各类文体的语言特点推断文章类型的能力。
解题对策如下：Step 1观察文章明显的特征，初步推断文章的体裁→ 文章是关于雷电天气知识的提示牌；Step 2分析文章语言风格等细节 问题，结合备选项确认语篇类型→文章有标题和注意事项，为提示牌。Step 3结合选项，选出答案→对比选项可知C项正确。
新考法解读
语篇类型
趋势溯源：符合《英语课程标准》(2022年版)语篇知识内容要求“知道语篇有不同类型，如对话、配图故事”的要求。
全国考查情况：2023陕西48题，2023绍兴33题等。
( )5. What is the author's real purpose of creating the text
A. To show how the lightning storm happens.
B. To let people realize the harm of the lightning storm.
C. To tell people how to keep safe during the lightning storm.
C
三、 完成对话
外文素材改编自GLENCOE Teen Health
水中遇险怎么办？
A: Hi, Ellen. How was your weekend
B: It was fun. I went boating with my friends on the 1._________ in a park.
A: Really That sounds exciting. Do you wear a life jacket
B: Of course. I 2.________ wear a life jacket when I'm on the water. Safety comes first, right
A: You are right. It can help us if we fall into the water.
lake/water
always
B: Yeah, that's true. I remember my teacher 3.________ me a skill that can help us stay float(漂浮) in the water.
A: Really What's that
B: Stay 4._________ first. Take a deep breath and hold it as you get into the water vertically(垂直地). Only the top part of your head should remove above the surface. And then, you relax your body and let yourself stay vertical into the water. Raise your arms gently and cross them. At the same time, place one leg forward and the other one back. Then you raise your 5.________ to take a breath and go back down.
teaches
calm/cool
head
You should repeat this 6.________ rescue(救援) arrives. It's important to stay calm if you are in danger. And you should take fresh breath through your mouth.
A: Wow, that sounds useful. But if the water is cold, what should we do
B: If the water is cold, you should wear a wetsuit(潜水衣). That can 7.________________________ you from the hypothermia(低温症).
until/till
protect/prevent/keep/stop
A: Hypothermia What's that
B: It's a sudden drop in body temperature. It's very 8._________ and can kill people.
A: Oh, that's scary. I'm glad I have learned this skill from you. It might save our 9.________ one day.
B: I hope so. But I also hope we never have to use it.
A: Yeah, me too. Let's take care of 10.__________ on the water and have fun. Maybe we can go boating together next time.
dangerous
lives
ourselves
语篇研读
What：对话介绍了Ellen在周末划船时与朋友分享预防水中遇险的方法。
Why：引导学生学会水中求生技能，在遇到意外时能够自我保护。
How：①文体特征：日常对话。
②语言特点：使用了大量动词，如“hold”，“relax”，“Raise”，“cross”等，生动形象地还原了在水中求生的动作和情景，也使得所 描述的画面具有画面感。
A. Try to run out of the building.
B. Stay under a strong piece of furniture.
C. And protect your head with your arms.
D. Or hug yourself in an inside corner of a building.
E. When you are driving, pull over your car to an open area.
F. However, you can also protect yourself if you follow some rules.
四、 补全短文
外文素材改编自GLENCOE Teen Health
地震时的保护措施
Earthquake is dangerous and has no signs. 1. ________
If you are indoors, try your best to keep calm and stay away from tall and heavy objects that may fall on you.
F
You can crouch(蹲下) in a strongly supported doorway. 2. ______ Cover your head with your arms or something hard to protect yourself. Besides, remember to stay away from windows, mirrors, and other objects, because they may hurt you badly when they break. 3. ________
B
D
A. Try to run out of the building.
B. Stay under a strong piece of furniture.
C. And protect your head with your arms.
D. Or hug yourself in an inside corner of a building.
E. When you are driving, pull over your car to an open area.
F. However, you can also protect yourself if you follow some rules.
If you are outdoors, stay away from trees, buildings and power lines. They may fall. Find a clear, open area. Lie down on the ground quickly. 4. _______ To do so, hold your hands together at the back of your head, and bring your elbows(肘) together in front of your face.
C
A. Try to run out of the building.
B. Stay under a strong piece of furniture.
C. And protect your head with your arms.
D. Or hug yourself in an inside corner of a building.
E. When you are driving, pull over your car to an open area.
F. However, you can also protect yourself if you follow some rules.
5. ______ And just stay in the car. When you are beside the sea, run away from the water as fast as you can.
Keep these rules in mind. They may save your life at a dangerous moment.
A. Try to run out of the building.
B. Stay under a strong piece of furniture.
C. And protect your head with your arms.
D. Or hug yourself in an inside corner of a building.
E. When you are driving, pull over your car to an open area.
F. However, you can also protect yourself if you follow some rules.
E
语篇研读
What：介绍了发生地震时的自我保护措施。
Why：引导学生掌握自然灾害防范的基本常识和急救方法，珍爱生命，保护自己。
How：①文体特征：说明文。
②文章结构：总—分—总结构。第一段引出主题；第二至四段分别介绍了在室内、室外及正在驾驶时如何应对地震；第五段呼吁读者将这些 方法铭记于心。