2024成都中考英语试题研究 二、人与社会 (十五)科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新 知识精练（课件）(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
人与社会
二
(十五)科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新
1
基础练
读写练
2
基础练
一、单项选择
( )1. With the development of science and technology, more and more things ________ online.
A. are selling B. will sell C. are sold
( )2. AI plays an important role in our life. It ________ widely around the world.
A．has been used B. was used C. used
C
A
( )3. Cleaning robots ________ first in the 1990s. And they have made a difference in our life.
A. invent B. are invented C. were invented
( )4. The Kongming lantern ________ according to the fact that hot air is lighter than cool air. People usually write their wishes on it.
A. creates B. is created C. are created
( )5. Customers ________ with after sale services of this phone, which is an important reason for its good sale amount.
A. can be provided B. provides C. is provided
C
B
A
( )6. Since the invention of movies, many people can get ________ from watching movies.
A. money B. success C. pleasure
( )7. A new high speed railway station ________ last year, and it greatly shortens the time for people to travel.
A. build B. built C. was built
C
C
读写练
二、 完形填空
A new app named “Farm Assistant” was made by Wu Zeyin. It is 1 for farmers in Botswana. With this app, growing crops(农作物) becomes much easier.
( )1. A. difficult B. useful C. popular
B
Wu, an 11 year old student from Hubei, China, 2 Botswana with his family and lived there seven years ago. During the past years living in the country, he 3 that the supermarkets there had just a few kinds of fruit and vegetables. And they were not recently 4 or produced.
( )2. A. got away B. went back C. arrived in
( )3. A. argued B. found C. guessed
( )4. A. picked B. chosen C. made
C
B
A
The special weather makes Bostwana 5 a country which grows common crops. For a long time, Botswana had to buy many fruit and vegetables from neighboring 6 ， such as South Africa.
In July last year, a new research about growing China's water saving and drought tolerant(耐旱的) rice was made 7 in Botswana.
( )5. A. visit B. become C. choose
( )6. A. countries B. villages C. towns
( )7. A. completely B. suddenly C. successfully
B
A
C
It made Wu decide to make an app. The app includes eight kinds of crops grown in Botswana. Farmers who 8 the app can get information about crops from their pictures. 9 they plant the seeds(种子), the app will tell them what to do.
( )8. A. buy B. use C. praise
( )9. A. Until B. After C. Before
B
B
When asked about the 10 for doing so, Wu said, “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.”
( )10. A. results B. stories C. reasons
C
语篇研读
What：讲述了11岁学生吴泽胤开发移动应用程序，帮助博茨瓦纳的农民种植农产品的故事。
Why：引导学生在生活中要善于观察，激发学生发明与创新的意识。
How：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：本文采用了倒叙的写作手法，使文章曲折有致，造成悬念，避免了叙述的平淡和结构的单调。
. .
思维拓展
语篇研读
( )What do you think of Wu Zeyin according to the passage
A. Creative.　　　　　　　　B. Humorous.　　　　　　　　C. Polite.
A
三、选择型阅读理解(2023重庆A卷改编)
[中华优秀传统文化·屏风] The Chinese pingfeng(folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture(家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. 1题The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.
As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It's a symbol of light, growth and life giving water. It also stands for nobility(贵族) and power. The peacock(孔雀), a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It's a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng. 2题All the designs carry people's beautiful wishes.
Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. 3题In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins.When an admirer paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man's poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband.
Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. 4题Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match(相配) for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them.
The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture.
语篇研读
What：介绍了屏风的历史、外观寓意、背后的故事及其在现代生活中的使用价值。
Why：引导学生了解中国优秀的文化遗产，增强民族自豪感。
How：①文体特征：说明文。
②文章结构：第一、二段介绍屏风的发展史；第三段介绍屏风在古代的作用；第四、五段介绍屏风现在的作用。
③语言特点：每一段首句都是本段的主题句。同时，用 “take a secret look at him from a screen behind” 介绍屏风背后的故事，增强了文章的趣味性。
. . .
( )1. What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning
A. Dividing a room.
B. Making a room beautiful.
C. Protecting people from wind.
( )2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The meaning of pingfeng.
B. The design of pingfeng.
C. The history of pingfeng.
C
B
( )3. Where could pingfeng probably be seen in ancient times
A．In a rich family. B. In a poet's home. C. In a zoo.
( )4. [代词指代] What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The houses. B. The flowers. C. Modern sofas and walls.
2023成都新考法
A
C
( )5. [标题归纳] What's the best title for the passage
A. The Practical Use of the Pingfeng.
B. Old Pingfeng in Modern Homes.
C. The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng
C
文中在表达屏风重新流行起来时这样表述：Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical(实际的) use as furniture.
亮点点拨：be back in fashion 重新流行起来，可用于介绍某种事物重新流行起来。
仿写：汉服重新流行起来，因为越来越多的人开始重视传统文化。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
读写积累
Hanfu is back in fashion because more and more people begin to pay attention to traditional culture.
四、完成对话(2023武侯区一诊)
A—Anna　　T—Tony
T: Hey, Anna. Did you know that China invented soccer
A: Tony. That's true. On July 15th, 2004, the FIFA President Mr. Blatter announced(宣布) to the world “Football comes from 1.________．” It was played during the Han Dynasty. It was called cuju. And Zibo is usually 2._________________________ as the birthplace of soccer. In the 1600s, it was 3.____________________ to Europe by Arabians.
China
considered/regarded/seen
brought/introduced
T: Wow, I am proud that our 4.__________ were really wise to create many useful things, like soccer, chopsticks and paper.
A: Chopsticks The most 5._________ objects used in our daily life.
T: Yes. Chopsticks were used before the Shang Dynasty, about 4,000 years ago.
A: That's a long history. Did ancient people call them kuaizi
T: No. In ancient China, chopsticks was written as “箸” and 6.______________ as zhu. Starting from the Ming Dynasty to modern days, it is called kuaizi.
ancestors
common
pronounced
And their usage spread to other 7._______ countries such as Japan, Korea and Thailand.
A: You know so much about it. Is there a story about it
T: Yes. It is said that Jiang Ziya invented chopsticks. One day, Jiang Ziya's wife wanted to kill him by cooking poisonous(有毒的) meat. When he was about to eat it, a magic bird 8.________ in and told him, “Jiang Ziya, you should pick up the food with bamboo sticks.” Jiang Ziya used them to hold the 9.________．
Asian
flew
food
A: What happened next
T: Suddenly, he saw green smoke from the bamboo sticks.
A: Then what happened to his wife
T: His wife's face turned white and hurried out of the door. After that, not only did his wife 10. _____ not to poison him again, but also the neighbors learned to eat with bamboo sticks.
A: We know more and more people ate with chopsticks, and the custom was passed down. What a legend story!
dare
语篇研读
What：谈论了中国的两大发明——足球和筷子。
Why：帮助学生了解足球和筷子在中国的起源，感受古代人的智慧，丰富其历史文化知识，树立文化自信。
How：①文体特征：日常对话。
②写作手法：文章通过一问一答的形式介绍了中国足球以及筷子的历史和传说，让读者更加直观地了解历史事件的背景和影响，同时也增强了文章的可读性和趣味性。
五、补全短文
[中华优秀传统文化·宣纸] Paper is listed among the four greatest inventions of ancient China and one type of paper is the finest material for writing and painting, and that is Xuan paper. Called as “ King of Papers”， Xuan paper is known for strength, cleanness and smoothness of its surface.
A. That is because it is easy to be kept.
B. Chinese Xuan paper has a history of over 1，000 years.
C. Up to now, Xuan paper still can't be produced by modern machines.
D. Xuan paper has advantages of writing and painting over other papers.
E. That is the reason why Xuan paper is known for its pleasant smell of plants.
F. In a word, Chinese Xuan paper is one of the greatest historical treasures in China.
1.______ It first appeared in the Tang Dynasty. Even today, it is still widely used. The traditional process of making Xuan paper has passed down generations for centuries. It's said that Jing County of Anhui produced the best Chinese Xuan paper.
B
A. That is because it is easy to be kept.
B. Chinese Xuan paper has a history of over 1，000 years.
C. Up to now, Xuan paper still can't be produced by modern machines.
D. Xuan paper has advantages of writing and painting over other papers.
E. That is the reason why Xuan paper is known for its pleasant smell of plants.
F. In a word, Chinese Xuan paper is one of the greatest historical treasures in China.
The materials to make it are usually bamboo, qingtan, rice straw(稻草) and so on. 2.________
Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, people have found that the paintings on Xuan paper look more lively than other kinds of paper. Xuan paper has been known as “Paper that lasts for a thousand years”. 3.________
E
A
A. That is because it is easy to be kept.
B. Chinese Xuan paper has a history of over 1，000 years.
C. Up to now, Xuan paper still can't be produced by modern machines.
D. Xuan paper has advantages of writing and painting over other papers.
E. That is the reason why Xuan paper is known for its pleasant smell of plants.
F. In a word, Chinese Xuan paper is one of the greatest historical treasures in China.
However, making Xuan paper is not an easy job. 4._______ It can only be made by hand. Besides, it needs 18 steps to make a perfect piece of Xuan paper. So it usually takes about one year before everything is completed.
5．____________ The skill of Xuan paper making is thought to be a national treasure.
A. That is because it is easy to be kept.
B. Chinese Xuan paper has a history of over 1，000 years.
C. Up to now, Xuan paper still can't be produced by modern machines.
D. Xuan paper has advantages of writing and painting over other papers.
E. That is the reason why Xuan paper is known for its pleasant smell of plants.
F. In a word, Chinese Xuan paper is one of the greatest historical treasures in China.
C
F
语篇研读
What：介绍了宣纸的历史、制作材料、优点以及制作方法等相关情况。
Why：引导学生了解世界上的发明物及其简要历史，并继承和发扬中华优秀传统文化。
How：①文体特征：说明文。
②写作手法：文章采用了列数字、举例子等手法介绍中国宣纸，帮助 学生全面、客观、准确地了解中国宣纸。
③语言特点：本文中分别以“ King of Papers”和“Paper that lasts for a thousand years”形容宣纸，帮助学生体会宣纸的重要历史意义及价值。
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