2024成都中考英语试题研究 三、人与自然 (十六)敬畏自然，保护自然 知识精练（课件）(共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
人与自然
三
(十六)敬畏自然，
保护环境
1
基础练
读写练
2
基础练
一、单项选择
( )1. —What are you going to do, Nancy
—I ________ to the natural park to pick up rubbish
A. was going B. am going C. go
( )2. The sky _____________be gray, but now it turns blue because the government takes measures to reduce the pollution.
A. is used to B. was used to C. used to
B
C
( )3. —I saw Lily throwing litter on the floor just now.
—It ________ be her. She always calls for protecting the environment.
A. can't B. mustn't C. might not
( )4. ________ I was walking in the park, I saw a group of volunteers picking up rubbish to protect the environment.
A. Why B. When C. Which
( )5. The number of people riding bikes ________ a lot so far. It's good for the environment.
A. increased B. has increased C. will increase
B
B
A
( )6. —Have you heard about the new wildlife program in our city
—Yes. It's all about protecting endangered animals and the places ______ they live in.
A. what B. when C. where
C
读写练
二、完形填空
In the summer, Macy and Jamal go on hikes with their grandparents. Both of their grandparents teach geology(地质学), the study of Earth. The hikes give Macy and Jamal the 1 to learn while having fun. This year the family 2 to climb Old Rag Mountain.
( )1. A. idea B. choice C. chance
( )2. A. forgot B. decided C. refused
B
C
The family set out on a trip. As they climbed over huge rocks, they looked at the mountain 3 their feet.
“Wow, this is a tall mountain！” said Macy.
“Do you know that mountains actually get shorter？” asked Grandmother.
“No. How does that 4 ？” asked Jamal.
( )3. A. under B. behind C. beside
( )4. A. follow B. celebrate C. happen
A
C
“Mountains get worn down by weathering(风化),” explained Grandfather. “The wind and rain pick up small particles(颗粒) of dust, soil and sand. Over time, small pieces of rock and soil on the mountain break off. The wind and rain also have the 5 to take the pieces away. As a result, the mountain gets 6 slowly. This is called erosion(侵蚀)．”
( )5. A. effort B. force C. reason
( )6. A. shorter B. longer C. taller
B
A
Earth is changing all the time. It can change suddenly during an earthquake. It can also change very 7 over time.
Weathering is the 8 process during which rocks are broken apart. Wind, water and ice can wear down rocks. 9 wind blows over earth, it picks up sand, soil, and small pieces of rock.
( )7. A. quickly B. slowly C. suddenly
( )8. A. real B. simple C. natural
( )9. A. Until B. Though C. As
B
C
C
Over time the rocks change shape. Water also beats rocks against each other. As the rocks knock together, they 10 into smaller pieces. Besides, ice can break hard rocks as well.
( )10. A. break down B. turn off C. come across
A
语篇研读
What：讲述了作者和家人在游山玩水的过程中，家人为他讲解地质知识的故事。
Why：引导学生积极参与户外活动，走进自然、了解自然并对自然持以敬畏之心。
语篇研读
How：①文体特征：记叙文。
②写作手法：文章通过举例说明的方法，如介绍风化、侵蚀等自然过程，使读者更加直观地了解地质学知识。
③语言特点：文章使用了一些专业术语，如“weathering”和“erosion”等，让读者能够准确地了解地质学的相关知识。
. .
. .
三、判断型阅读理解(2023白银改编)
[语篇类型·新闻]
语篇研读
What: 介绍了大熊猫丫丫于2023年返回中国的新闻，同时也介绍一些关于熊猫的基本信息。
Why: 引导学生关注旅外大熊猫的现状及其对文化交流的意义，树立关爱、保护动物的意识。
语篇研读
How：①文体特征：应用文——新闻报道。
②写作手法：文章使用了对比的手法强调了动物园中动物的生存条件 相对较好；文章还使用了比喻的修辞手法，如“...the size of a pencil”使读者更容易理解熊猫刚出生时的大小。
③语言特点：文章使用明确的时间来介绍大熊猫丫丫的回国历程， 如“20 years”， “around 15.5 hours”，“on August 3，2000”等，符合新闻报道真实性的特点。
. .
. .
. .
( )1. Ya Ya had been in America for fifteen years.
( )2. Pandas can live longer in the zoos than in the wild.
( )3. Ya Ya will spend a month in Beijing and then return to Shanghai.
( )4. Ya Ya plays an important role in developing the relationship between China and foreign countries.
( )5. We may possibly read this passage in a newspaper.
B
B
A
A
A
四、 短文填空(2023黑白卷)
call country describe fisherman happy peace
plan pollute protect serious sure they
Rivers are important for the development of human society. As one of the longest lasting civilizations(文明) in the world, China has many rivers. A total of 45,203 rivers run across the 1.____________. Each river has a drainage area(流域面积) of more than 50 square kilometers, according to the government report.
country
The most famous ones are the Yangtze and Yellow rivers. Bringing water and rich soil and connecting all of China, they are 2.________ the “mother rivers” of the Chinese civilization.
Chinese rivers give people different feelings. They can be 3.________ yet wild, too. On the one hand, they make many areas “a land of fish and rice” and bring 4._____________ to the locals; on the other hand, rivers bring floods, which can destroy(毁坏) the farmlands.
call country describe fisherman happy peace
plan pollute protect serious sure they
called
peaceful
happiness
Chinese people have been trying to keep rivers healthy by 5.__________ for many years. Starting in 2017, China has used the river chief system (河长制) 6.__________ rivers. For example, 思维拓展the local government leaders have put some policies into practice to deal with river 7.___________.
call country describe fisherman happy peace
plan pollute protect serious sure they
themselves
to protect
pollution
Last year, in order to achieve excellent results in the protection of rivers as soon as possible, the Ministry of Water Resources 8.________ to treat 700,000 hectares of degraded (退化的) natural forest and almost 1.4 million hectares of desert land by 2025. As a result, this will 9.___________ help restore some dried out rivers and provide support for the living and ecological environment of the area.
call country describe fisherman happy peace
plan pollute protect serious sure they
planned
surely
Through these actions, our rivers have seen many good changes in recent years—birds flying above the wetlands and 10.__________ happily fishing by rivers. We're on our way to living more peacefully with rivers.
call country describe fisherman happy peace
plan pollute protect serious sure they
fishermen
语篇研读
What：介绍了河流的重要性以及中国近年来对于河流治理所采取的一 系列举措和未来的发展目标。
Why：帮助学生了解中国的河流，引导学生意识到保护河流的重要性，树立环保意识。
How：①文体特征：说明文。
②文章结构：总—分—总结构。第一段总述河流对人类社会发展的作用；第二至四段分别介绍了中国的母亲河、河流带来的影响以及中国在河流治理中采取的举措；第五段总结了实施措施后的成果，并展望未来。
思维拓展
语篇研读
( )Why are the numbers given in Paragraph 4
A. To show the achievements of protecting the rivers.
B. To show some excellent ways of protecting the rivers.
C. To show the resolution of the government to protect the rivers.
C
五、完成图表(2023黑白卷)
The ocean isn't a quiet place as you imagine. That's because most of noise is caused by sea animals in a way. 1题Most of them use sound to find what they eat, whom they play with, or which general position they move towards. 2题But noise from human activities is increasingly troubling the lives of ocean animals. 3题According to scientists, loud noise may cause more whales and other sea animals to take the ground. Researchers recorded only five of these events in the first half of the 20th century.
From 1950 to 2004, they recorded more than 1,200 times. These were perhaps due to the use of sonar(声呐) under water since 1950.
4题Another main reason of loud underwater noise is pile driving(打桩). Piles are supports for bridges, oil and gas producing areas, and other large organizations. They're driven deep into the floor of the ocean. Driving in a single pile can take several hours and as many as 5,000 hits. This process creates a lot of noise.
To control that noise, some companies are making use of tiny bubbles (气泡). A single bubble is easily broken. However, the bubble wall can make pile driving quieter. The bubble wall is usually created in this way: A tube is placed in a ring around a pile. Air is then let out through closely spaced openings on the tube. 5题When the bubbles rise, they act as a wall and take in some of the noise. Some of the sound reflects(反射) back and becomes stuck inside the wall. Such bubble walls are really helpful. They were used around pile driving for a bridge in California. Scientists found that these walls can reduce(减少) noise by 30 decibels(分贝).
A German company even says that its Big Bubble Wall can cut down the noise of pile driving by up to 95 percent.
Other changes to pile driving can help as well. For example, people can take breaks in pile driving and let animals travel through, perhaps give them some food. Our noise in the ocean is causing big problems. But small changes in our behaviors can make life better for animals big and small in the world's oceans.
语篇研读
What：介绍了海洋噪声的成因及解决方法。
Why：引导学生了解环境污染产生的原因，并积极寻求解决办法，致力于环境保护。
How：①文体特征：说明文。
②写作手法：文章使用了比喻的手法，将气泡比作墙壁，生动形象地 解释了气泡墙的原理。
③语言特点：使用“But”, “According to”, “However”, “as well”, “For example”等衔接词，使文章的逻辑性更强；使用“perhaps due to...”, “Another main reason of ...is...”分点描述了两个原因。
. .
. . .
1.necessary/important
2. human activities
3.increasing
4. development
5. taken in