-2024届高三英语二轮复习定语从句课件(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
定语从句
relative clause
Grammar Focus
为什么用定语从句？
用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；
如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。
这是我的杯子 This is my cup.
这是装满茶水的杯子 This is the cup full of tea.
这是我喝茶用的杯子 This is the cup which I drink tea with.
使用一个句子来修饰一个名词或代词时，那这个句子叫做定语从句。定语从句相当于一个形容词。
这是一只懒惰的猪
这是一只爱吃西瓜的猪
This is a lazy pig.
定语
This is a pig that likes eating watermelon.
定语从句
在主从复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
I like music that I can dance to.
主句
从句
先行词：定语从句修饰的词
关系词：引导定语从句的词，代替先行词在从句中的位置
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
which 作主语/宾语
that 作主语/宾语
whom 作宾语
who 作主语/宾语
whose 作定语
where 表地点
when 表时间
why 表原因
在从句中作状语，相当于“介词+which”
关系词：引导定语从句，代替先行词在从句中的位置
I know the woman.
我认识那个女人。
The woman is giving a lesson in the classroom.
那个女人正在教室里授课。
I know the woman ___________________________
我认识那个正在教室里授课的女人。
who
is giving a lesson in the classroom.
关系代词代替了先行词the woman在从句中的位置，作主语
He is the man.
他就是那个人。
We are talking about the man.
我们正在谈论那个人。
He is the man ___________________________
他就是我们正在谈论的那个人。
who/whom
we are talking about.
关系代词代替了先行词the man在从句中的位置，作宾语
关系代词作宾语时，可省略
This is a book.
这是一本书。
This book makes young people moved.
这本书让年轻人感动。
This is a book ___________________________
这是一本让年轻人感动的书。
which
makes young people moved.
关系代词代替了先行词the book在从句中的位置，作主语
The dog is mine.
那条狗是我的。
The dog is playing with you.
那条狗正在跟你玩。
The dog ________________________ is mine.
那条正在跟你玩的狗是我的。
that
is playing with you
关系词代替了先行词the dog在从句中的位置，作主语
That’s the man.
就是那个男人。
The man’s house was burned down.
那个男人的房子被烧毁了。
That’s the man ________________________
就是那个男人的房子被烧毁了。
whose
house was burned down.
关系代词代替了先行词 the man’s 在从句中的位置，作定语
1. This is the CD _________ I bought last year.
A. who B. that C. whom
2. —What are you looking for
—I’m looking for the dictionary ______ my brother gave me
last month.
A. that B. what C. who D. whom
B
A
3. — We teenagers should look up to the people ______ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping.
— I think so.
A. who B. what C. which D. whose
4. The boy ______ is holding a ball is my brother.
A. what B. which C. / D. who
A
D
5. — Do you know Li Ziqi
— Of course, She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.
A. whose B. where C. which D. who
6. The book __________ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A. which B. whose C. that
7.He lives in the room ______ door is green.
8. The girl _______ father is a doctor studies very well.
D
B
7. Rome is an ancient city _____ is full of places of interest.
A. which B. where C. whom
8. —What are you going to wear to Jane’s birthday party
—I’m going to wear the pink dress ____ my mum bought me last week.
A. whom B. / C. what
A
B
用关系代词完成句子
1. I still love reading the book __________ my primary English teacher gave me last year.
2. The old people _______ are dancing in the park live in the neighborhood.
3. The man _______________ you met is my father.
4. I usually watch movies _______ are set in the future.
(which/that)
who
(who/whom/that)
which/that
A B
1. Judy likes the pink scarf. It was made by her aunt.
2. The old man is my math teacher. My father is speaking to him.
3. Sue lent me some books. She has read them many times.
4. Do you usually visit your grandparents They live in the countryside.
5. The photos look very nice. My brother took the photos.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
A B
1. Judy likes the pink scarf. It was made by her aunt.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
Judy likes the pink scarf which/that was made by her aunt.
A B
2. The old man is my math teacher. My father is speaking to him.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
The old man (who/whom/that) my father is speaking to is my math teacher.
A B
3. Sue lent me some books. She has read them many times.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
Sue lent me some books (which/that) she has read many times.
A B
4. Do you usually visit your grandparents They live in the countryside.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
Do you uaually visit your grandparents who/that live in the countryside
A B
5. The photos look very nice. My brother took the photos.
将左右两边的句子合成带有定语从句的主从复合句
The photos (which/that) my brother took look very nice.
以下情况只能使用that，不能使用which
01
03
句中已经有who或which时
当先行词被the only, the last, the very等修饰时
当先行词为all, much, few, little, something, nothing等指物的不定代词时
当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时
02
当先行词同时含有人和物时
that
05
04
Leo is the first person ______ comes to school every day.
Leo是每天第一个来上学的人。
This is the most beautiful picture ______ I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最美丽的照片。
Tim is the only person ______ passed the exam in his class.
Tim是他班上唯一一个通过考试的人。
They talked about the things and people ______ they could remember. 他们谈论了他们能记住的事情和人。
that
that
that
that
Who is the man ______ is making a speech
正在做演讲的那个男人是谁？
Is there anything ______ I can do for you
我能为你做些什么吗？
All _____ is important should be retold three times.
所有重要的事情都应该重复三遍。
注意：当先行词是someone, anyone, everyone, no one, somebody, anybody等指人的不定代词时，不受此限制。
Is there anyone who can answer this question 有人能会回答这个问题吗？
that
that
that
先行词指物时，以下情况只能使用which，不能使用that
01
02
Those which are on the desk are English books. 桌上放的书都是英文书。
当that, those作先行词时
This is the place in which I grew up.
这就是我长大的地方。
当关系代词放在介词之后时
which
03 非限制性定语从句（，后），不能用that。
1. Marine creatures are those _____ live in the sea.
A. who B. that C. which
2. —How exciting the speech is!
—Pretty good! This is the best speech ____ I’ve ever heard.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
C
B
3. The writer and his novel _____ we have just talked about are really well-known.
A. who B. what C. which D. that
4. Natural water is that _____ contains impurities(杂质).
A. what B. which C. that D. who
5. The hungry kids ate everything _____ they could find in the kitchen.
A. which B. what C. that D. who
D
B
C
6. Mr. Lee lent me a book in __ all my classmates were interested.
A. which B. that C. whom
7. This is the last movie ______ I want to watch.
A. which B. that C. what
A
B
2. _______常译作“这”；而__ 常译作“正如”，且多与see，expect，imagine，know，hope等动词连用；
which
as
3. as常用于固定搭配中：
as is often the case（这是常有的事），
as we expected（不出所料）；
as often happens（正如经常发生的那样）；as is known to all（众所周知）；
as has been said before（如上所述）；
as is mentioned above（正如上面所提到的）等等。