期末语法填空专项特训-高中英语必修第一册人教版（2019）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 期末语法填空专项特训-高中英语必修第一册人教版（2019）（含解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-22 16:07:23 | ||
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期末语法填空专项特训-高中英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum (论坛) to celebrate 1 tenth anniversary (周年) of the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议). The forum was considered 2 (extreme) important in building the Belt and Road.
Chinese President Xi Jinping 3 (give) a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation had been turned into real projects. He also said that China would take eight major steps 4 (support) high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, 5 (include) green development and the advance of science and technology.
So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s 6 (large) platform (平台) for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international 7 (organisation) to build the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of which is the China-Laos Railway. 8 was put into use in December 2021, helping Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia.
“Belt and Road cooperation was suggested by China, 9 its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt 10 the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make a great difference to the world in the future.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hangzhou, a paradise on earth
Hangzhou, 11 is now in the spotlight as the main host of the 19th Asian Games, is one of the seven ancient capitals of China, ever 12 (serve) as the capital of the Wuyue Kingdom during the Five Dynasties and the Southern Song Dynasty. As a core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou 13 (be) one of the most prosperous cities in China for more than 1, 000 years 14 is home to a large number of natural attractions and historical heritages.
Marco Polo, the famous 13th century Italian traveler and merchant, described Hangzhou 15 “the finest and the noblest in the world”.
Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world’s attention, tourists from 16 (vary) places have gathered to this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life pace and beautiful natural 17 (surround).
The West Lake is 18 (definite) a place people can never miss when visiting Hangzhou. The lake 19 (it) covers 6 square kilometers, and includes some of Hangzhou’s most famous scenic places. Situated in the center of the city, it has convenient public transport access. The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists 20 (travel) around the lake. The parks around the lake are all free to visit.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I recently visited Beijing with my parents and younger brother. We had 21 wonderful time on the two-day tour we arranged through the Beijing Forbidden City travel agency.
On the morning of July 11th, the day after we arrived in Beijing, our guide Miss Wu took us to visit the Ming Tombs. We spent about an hour 22 (look) around the tombs. Then we visited a factory producing 23 ( tradition) cloth shoes. They were really beautiful, and it was fun to see how the products 24 (make). My mother even bought two pairs of cloth shoes. After leaving the factory, we were taken to a restaurant 25 served delicious Beijing roast duck. After lunch, we headed to Badaling Great Wall. We took a car up the hill and got onto the wall at the top. The walking on Badaling Great Wall took 26 (we) two hours. The views from the wall were just 27 (amaze). That hike was a bit tiring, 28 it was my favorite part of the tour.
The next morning, we went to see the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube, the main Olympic stadiums which was built 29 the 2008 Olympic Games. In the afternoon, we were taken to see the Forbidden City, which was one of the most famous 30 (attraction). It was huge, so we spent the whole afternoon there.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone cave system is, park officials, estimate there 31 be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored.
32 those unexplored, more than 200 caves exist in the park that are disconnected from the larger system.
The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park 33 (recognize) as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance — making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title.
The caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion, which is known as “karst topography”. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve and shape soft limestone, which creates the vast underground network. The system is still being shaped and carved today. Not only are they a stunning destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for roughly 40% of the US population — and they’re 34 historical significance too.
The caves act as a time capsule that preserve over 5,000 years of human history — and the caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who 35 (mine) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Thanks to the cave system’s atmosphere and natural protection from any kind of human disturbance, the archaeological sites have been left in great shape. Several sets of Native American remains have been recovered, 36 (provide) fascinating evidence of pre-Columbian funerary practices.
Mammoth Cave was established as a national park thanks to strong local support. Back in the 1920s, Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work created the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission in 1925 to survey 37 (propose) park sites, including the caves. After years of work acquiring the land for the park, as well as building roads, trails, and public facilities, Mammoth Cave National Park was established on July 1, 1941.
Pioneering African Americans were some of the first cave guides, and are responsible for some of the more recently discovered passageways. Stephen Bishop, who was a slave, worked in the cave from 1838 to 1856 and ventured beyond the tour routes that 38 (establish). He crossed a terrifying drop called the “bottomless pit” to discover unmapped areas of the cave system. Although they were unrecognized at the time, pioneers like Bishop helped spark the golden age of cave exploration.
The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with roughly a quarter taking a tour of the caves – everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous scrambling tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species, such as the eyeless cavefish, 39 has adapted to the lightless environment by no longer growing eyes, and the cave crayfish.
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of 40 (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be spotted.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking around the world may seem impossible, but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of 41 other.
In 2014, Angela Maxwell, then in her early 30s, began her walk around the world alone. After six-and-a-half years and over 32, 000 kilometers, Maxwell’s walk ended 42 it began. Before she left 43 her journey, Maxwell found inspiration from women explorers of the past. “I read their books in 44 (hope) of finding encouragement — and I did — by 45 (learn) about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs. Each woman’s story was 46 (vast) different, which gave me the confidence to give my walk a try,” Maxwell told the BBC．
Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and 47 (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk.
When the BBC asked her what kind of person it takes to walk around the world, Maxwell said, “It’s 48 (probable) a combination of ambition, a little 49 (stubborn) and a pinch of passion — not for hiking as a sport, but for self-discovery and adventure.”
“Walking has taught me that everything and everyone has a story 50 (share); we just have to be willing to listen,” she said.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed
If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling”. Susan 51 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom.
Susan was six years old and 52 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain.
The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 53 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 54 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 55 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die.
Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 56 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 57 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 58 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children.
Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 59 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 60 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Ping, who is loved by fans at home 61 abroad, not only brought honour and glory to China but also led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination 62 (test). Her team was falling apart, as she lost two important players. But Lang Ping did not lose heart. She 63 (face) difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks 64 (late), they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
Michael Jordan, 65 (know) as “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but his mental 66 (strong) made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed 67 (find) a way to win. Jordan’s secret to success is learning from his 68 (fail). Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give 69 . In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club 70 he started has been helping young people since 1996.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, in Eastern China was called Jing kou. 71 (locate) at the golden cross of the Yangtze River and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is a place of 72 (strategy) importance.
The upper reaches of the Yangtze River deposit a lot of silt (淤泥) here, 73 has gradually built up into a small island in the river.
There are three beautiful mountains here—Jinshan Mountain, Beigu Mountain and Jiaoshan Mountain, which are 74 (close) connected with the Yangtze River and are called the Three Mountains of Jingkou.
Jinshan mountain is only 42 meters above sealevel. 75 Jinshan mountain is said to be on the Yangtze River, because the rivers course has moved to the north, JinShan is now some distance away from the Yangtze.
Beigu Mountain, 10 meters 76 (high) than Jinshan Mountain, is just beside the Yangtze River. From here, Jinshan Mountain can 77 (see) in the west and Jiaoshan Mountain in the east. Around the foot of the mountain 78 (flow) the mighty river.
Jiaoshan, the highest of the three, 79 an altitude of 70.7 meters and an area of 38 hectares, is located in the Yangtze River, surrounded by water. Encircled by the green waves, the green mountain looks like a piece of jade 80 (float) on the river.
参考答案：
1．the 2．extremely 3．gave 4．to support 5．including 6．largest 7．organisations 8．It 9．but 10．that
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。为庆祝“一带一路”倡议（BRI）提出十周年，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加备受瞩目的第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛（BRF）。文章简要回顾了十年来“一带一路”的影响和成果。
1．考查冠词。句意：10月18日，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加一个引人注目的论坛，庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。由空后的序数词tenth可知，设空处应该用定冠词。故填the。
2．考查副词。句意：论坛被认为对“一带一路”建设至关重要。空后important为形容词，应该用副词修饰形容词。故填extremely。
3．考查时态。句意：中国国家主席习近平在开幕式上致辞。根据句子结构和上下文语境，陈述过去事情，设空处为谓语动词的过去式。故填gave。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还宣布了中国为支持“一带一路”高质量合作将采取的八大举措，包括绿色发展和科技进步等。设空处用不定式表示目的。故填to support。
5．考查介词。句意：他还表示，中国将采取包括绿色发展和科技进步在内的八项重大举措，支持高质量的“一带一路”合作。由句意可知，设空处意为“包括”，用介词including。故填including。
6．考查形容词最高级。句意：到目前为止，“一带一路”倡议已成为世界上规模最大的国际合作平台。结合句意，表示“最大的”，用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
7．考查名词复数形式。句意：截至 2023 年 6 月，中国已经与152个国家和32个国际组织进行了合作，共建“一带一路”。根据数词32可知，设空处应该用名词的复数形式。故填organisations。
8．考查代词。句意：它于2021年12月投入使用，帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。设空处指代前文的单数名词“the China-Laos Railway”，且位于句首。故填It。
9．考查连词。句意：习近平主席表示，共建“一带一路”源自中国，但其成果属于世界。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺并列连词，根据句意可知，表示转折关系，所以此处应该用but表示转折。故填but。
10．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议在未来将继续在世界上发挥其重大作用。There is no doubt that …意为“毫无疑问”，that引导同位语从句，对doubt的内容进行说明，在句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，无词汇意义。故填that。
11．which 12．serving 13．has been 14．and 15．as 16．various 17．surroundings 18．definitely 19．itself 20．to travel
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有“人间天堂”美称的杭州市。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：杭州，目前作为第19届亚运会的主要东道主而备受瞩目，是中国七大古都之一，曾在五代和南宋担任吴越王国的首都。引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Hangzhou，应用关系代词which。故填which。
2.考查现在分词。句意：杭州，目前作为第19届亚运会的主要东道主而备受瞩目，是中国七大古都之一，曾在五代和南宋担任吴越王国的首都。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Hangzhou和动词serve是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填serving。
3.考查动词时态。句意：作为长三角的核心城市，1000多年来杭州一直是中国最繁荣的城市之一，拥有众多自然景点和历史遗产。根据句意及时间状语for more than 1, 000 years可知，该处用现在完成时，主语是Hangzhou，助动词应用has。故填has been。
4.考查连词。句意：作为长三角的核心城市，1000多年来杭州一直是中国最繁荣的城市之一，拥有众多自然景点和历史遗产。前后句之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
5.考查介词。句意：13世纪著名的意大利旅行家和商人马可·波罗将杭州描述为“世界上最好、最高贵的”。describe...as...“把……描述为……”。故填as。
6.考查形容词。句意：如今， 随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光， 来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市，享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。空处修饰名词places应用形容词形式various作定语。故填various。
7.考查名词。句意：如今， 随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光， 来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市，享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。此处应用名词surroundings“周围环境”作宾语。故填surroundings。
8.考查副词。句意：西湖是人们游览杭州时绝对不会错过的地方。此处用副词definitely作状语。故填definitely。
9.考查代词。句意：该湖本身面积6平方公里，包括杭州最著名的一些景点。此处应用反身代词itself作同位语，故填itself。
10.考查不定式。句意：杭州市政府还为游客提供免费的公共自行车环湖游。此处为不定式作目的状语。故填to travel。
21．a 22．looking 23．traditional 24．were made 25．which/that 26．us 27．amazing 28．but 29．for 30．attractions
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与父母和弟弟去北京旅游的见闻。
21．考查冠词。句意：我们通过北京故宫旅行社安排了为期两天的旅行，玩得很开心。have a wonderful time为固定搭配，表示“玩得开心”，且wonderful是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们花了大约一个小时在坟墓周围四处看。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语，其中介词in可以省略。故填looking。
23．考查形容词。句意：然后我们参观了一家生产传统布鞋的工厂。空处修饰名词短语cloth shoes，应用形容词traditional作定语。故填traditional。
24．考查时态和语态。句意：它们真地很漂亮，看到这些产品是如何制作的很有趣。根据句中were和was可知，句子应用一般过去时，make与主语products之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语products是复数，be动词应用were。故填were made。
25．考查定语从句。句意：离开工厂后，我们被带到一家餐厅，那里供应美味的北京烤鸭。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
26．考查代词。句意：我们在八达岭长城上走了两个小时。空处作动词took的宾语，应用代词的宾格形式us。故填us。
27．考查形容词。句意：从墙上看到的景色真是太令人惊叹了。空处作句子表语，表示“景色令人惊叹”，应用形容词amazing。故填amazing。
28．考查连词。句意：那次徒步旅行有点累，但这是我旅行中最喜欢的部分。结合语意可知，句子前后表示转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故填but。
29．考查介词。句意：第二天早上，我们去看了鸟巢和水立方，这是为2008年奥运会建造的主要奥运场馆。结合语意可知，主要奥运场馆是为了2008年奥运会建造的，空处应用介词for，表示“为了”。故填for。
30．考查名词。句意：下午，我们被带去参观了紫禁城，它是最著名的景点之一。“one of+复数可数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
31．may 32．Besides 33．being recognized 34．of 35．mined 36．providing 37．proposed 38．had been established 39．which 40．the most diverse
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯塔基州的一个洞穴公园的具体情况。
31．考查情态动词。句意：与石灰岩洞穴系统一样大，公园官员估计，可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。根据句意可知，此处是对现在的推测，且推测不是特别有把握，用情态动词may，表示“可能”。故填may。
32．考查介词。句意：除了那些未经探索的，公园里还有200多个洞穴与大型系统没有连接。根据句意可知，此处应填介词besides，意为“除……之外(还)”，首字母大写。故填Besides。
33．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于其巨大的规模和科学重要性，令人难以置信的岩层使该公园被认定为世界遗产，使其成为美国仅有的13个拥有世界遗产称号的自然遗址之一。分析句子结构可知，in后接“名词+动名词”构成的动名词复合结构，逻辑主语park和recognize“承认；（正式）认可”之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式being recognized，作介词in的宾语。故填being recognized。
34．考查介词。句意：它们不仅是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，而且该系统还为大约40%的美国人口提供饮用水——它们也具有历史意义。结合句意和空前的are，可知本空填介词of，be of“有……的”。故填of。
35．考查时态。句意：这些洞穴就像一个时间胶囊，保存了5000多年的人类历史——洞穴的第一批探险者是美洲原住民，他们在猛犸洞的上层开采。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who代指先行词Native Americans，且与谓语动词mine“开采”是主动关系，再结合语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故填过去式mined，构成一般过去时。故填mined。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：已经发现了几组美洲原住民遗骸，为前哥伦布时代的丧葬习俗提供了令人着迷的证据。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为have been recovered，故本空为非谓语，且Several sets of Native American remains与provide“提供”为主动关系，故此处用动词现在分词，作状语。故填providing。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：早在20世纪20年代，内政部长休伯特·沃克于1925年成立了南阿巴拉契亚国家公园委员会，负责调查包括洞穴在内的拟建公园地点。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为created，故本空为非谓语，且park sites与propose“建议”为被动关系，故此处用动词过去分词，作定语，proposed (被建议的)是由过去分词转化而来的形容词，修饰park sites。故填proposed。
38．考查时态和语态。句意：从1838年到1856年，奴隶斯蒂芬·毕晓普在洞穴里工作，并在已经建立的旅游路线之外冒险。分析句子结构可知，本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，并且动词establish“建立”发生在谓语动词ventured之前，故定语从句用过去完成时，且从句关系词代替tour routes在定语从句中作主语，且与动词establish为被动关系，故从句用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
39．考查定语从句。句意：洞穴里生活着130多种野生动物，比如无眼洞穴鱼，它们通过不再长眼睛来适应黑暗的环境，还有洞穴小龙虾。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词species，先行词指物，且从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which，引导定语从句。故填which。
40．考查形容词最高级。句意：猛犸洞国家公园也不仅仅是一个洞穴；它周围的森林包含了该国最多样化的栖息地之一。根据句意可知，本空填形容词diverse“多种多样的”的最高级，且最高级前通常加the。故填the most diverse。
41．the 42．where 43．on 44．hopes 45．learning 46．vastly 47．was attacked 48．probably 49．stubbornness 50．to share
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Angela Maxwell徒步地球的故事。
41．考查冠词。句意：环游世界似乎是不可能的，但这并不能阻止一位美国女性一步一步地走下去。one foot in front of the other“一步一步来”是固定短语，the other特指两只脚中的另一个。故填the。
42．考查地点状语从句。句意：经过6年半，32000多公里的跋涉，Maxwell的旅程终于在起点结束了。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。
43．考查介词。句意：在启程之前，Maxwell从过去的女性探险家身上找到了灵感。介词on和journey是固定搭配。故填on。
44．考查名词复数。句意：我读他们的书，希望通过了解他们的挑战、挣扎和成功，找到鼓励——我做到了。in hopes of“怀着……的希望”是固定搭配，零冠词hope用复数。故填hopes。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。介词by后用动名词作宾语。故填learning。
46．考查副词。句意：每个女人的故事都大不相同，这给了我信心去尝试走路。修饰形容词different用副词。故填vastly。
47．考查时态和语态。句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭到袭击。动词attack和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文heard可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was attacked。
48．考查副词。句意：当英国广播公司问她什么样的人才能环游世界时，Maxwell说：“这可能是雄心壮志、一点点固执和一点点激情的结合——不是把徒步旅行作为一项运动，而是为了自我发现和冒险。”修饰动词be用副词。故填probably。
49．考查名词。句意：同上。根据前文a combination of ambition和后文a pinch of passion可知，此处应用其名词stubbornness(不可数)并列作宾语。故填stubbornness。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：徒步旅行教会了我，每件事、每一个人都有故事可以分享；我们只需要洗耳恭听。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰story。故填to share。
51．had lost/lost 52．suffered/was suffering 53．noted 54．if /when 55．to be held 56．are developed/have been developed 57．While/Although/Though 58．when 59．has experienced 60．that//which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了甚至非常小的孩子也会抑郁，作者分析了其中的原因，并表示只要有父母的支持和及时的治疗，这些孩子会表现得更好。
51．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊对她喜欢的活动失去了兴趣，不再和她的朋友一起玩，并告诉她的父母她想死。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据后文的“stopped”以及“and told”可知这是三个连续的动作，应使用一般过去时。或者，此处的动作发生在“stopped”以及“and told”这两个动作之前，应使用过去完成时，故填had lost/lost。
52．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊六岁，患有抑郁症。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据前面的“was”可知应使用一般过去时；或者过去的一种状态，强调持续进行，使用过去进行时，故填suffered/was suffering。
53．考查形容词。句意：Rene Spitz是一名著名的心理学研究者，他发现二战后孤儿院里的婴儿没有得到看护者的照顾时，就会拒绝进食并最终死亡。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词researcher，应使用noted，故填noted。
54．考查状语从句连接词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少状语从句连接词，此处可以表示条件，也可以表示时间，因此可以使用连接词if引导条件状语从句或者when引导时间状语从句，故填if /when。
55．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子有一种与生俱来拥抱和安慰的需求。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词need，应使用不定式形式，表示的意思是“被拥抱”，应使用不定式的不定式，故填to be held。
56．考查动词。句意：他们经常很难表达自己的感情，因为他们的语言能力并没有得到充分的发展。分析句子可知，空格处为原因状语从句的谓语部分，根据句意以及前面的have可知，应使用一般现在时，主语skills和动词develop是被动关系，应使用一般现在时被动语态；或者，表示对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填are developed/have been developed。
57．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管大多数学龄前儿童在父母离开时，如果他们饿了、困了、害怕了，或者没有让爸爸给他们买最新的玩具，他们可能会生气，但在抑郁的儿童中，这些行为往往会达到极端的强度和频率。分析句子可知，空格处为让步状语从句引导词，用While/Although/Though表示“尽管”，故填While/Although/Though。
58．考查时间状语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为时间状语从句引导词，应使用连接副词when，故填when。
59．考查动词时态。句意：在大多数情况下，儿童因父母的死亡或缺席而经历重大挫折，目睹或成为暴力的受害者，或有严重的健康问题，从而中断了正常的情绪或身体发展。分析句子可知，空格处为，根据后文的“has witnessed”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填has experienced。
60．考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，先行词是problem，定语从句缺少主语，应使用that或者which，故填that/which。
61．and 62．was tested 63．had faced 64．later 65．known 66．strength 67．to find 68．failures 69．up 70．that/which
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个体育名人的事迹。
61．考查连词。句意：郎平受到国内外球迷的喜爱，不仅为中国带来了荣誉和荣耀，而且还带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。前文at home和后文abroad是并列关系。故填and。
62．考查时态和语态。句意：当中国队准备参加2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。根据时间状语可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，动词test和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was tested。
63．考查时态。句意：她以前也遇到过困难，她知道，如果她的年轻球员像一个团队一样合作，他们就能赢。根据句意和时间状语before可知，此处动作发生在后文knew之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had faced。
64．考查副词。句意：两周后，他们成为了世界冠军！副词later常与具体时间段连用，表示“……之后”。故填later。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，被称为“飞人乔丹”，以他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。此处为非谓语，动词know和名词Michael Jordan之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
66．考查名词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他的精神力量使他独一无二。物主代词his后应用名词strength，表示“力量”是不可数名词。故填strength。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：在比赛的最后时刻，乔丹似乎总能找到取胜的方法。seem to do sth是固定句型。故填to find。
68．考查名词。句意：乔丹成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。介词from 后应用其名词作介词宾语，failure表示“失败的事情”是可数名词，应用其复数形式，符合句意。故填failures。
69．考查副词。句意：输掉比赛让他更加努力地训练，永不放弃。动词短语give up“放弃”符合句意。故填up。
70．考查定语从句。句意：他创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The Boys and Girls Club，指代事物，应用that或which引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
71．Located 72．strategic 73．which 74．closely 75．Although/Though/While 76．higher 77．be seen 78．flows 79．with 80．floating
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了中国江苏省镇江市（古名京口）的地理景象和三座著名的山峰——金山、北固山和焦山，描绘了山峰的位置、高度和风景特色。
71．考查非谓语动词。句意：它位于长江和京杭大运河的黄金交汇处，是一个具有重要战略意义的地方。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以locate的用非谓语形式，动词locate和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作状语。故填Located。
72．考查形容词。句意：它位于长江和京杭大运河的黄金交汇处，是一个具有重要战略意义的地方。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，strategy的形容词形式是strategic。故填strategic。
73．考查定语从句。句意：长江上游淤积了大量泥沙，在长江中逐渐形成了一个小岛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
74．考查副词。句意：这里有三座美丽的山——金山、北固山和焦山，与长江紧密相连，被称为京口三山。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰作状语。故填closely。
75．考查状语从句连接词。句意：虽然据说金山在长江上，但由于河道向北移动，金山现在离长江有一段距离了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“虽然，尽管”之意，应用although或者though或者while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although或者Though或者While。
76．考查形容词比较级。句意：北固山，比金山高10米，就在长江边上。根据空后的than可知，空处应填形容词比较级。故填higher。
77．考查动词语态。句意：从这里，西可看到金山，东可看到焦山。分析句子结构可知，see作本句谓语，和主语Jinshan Mountain之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be seen。
78．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这条浩浩荡荡的河流环绕着山脚而流。分析句子结构可知，本句是倒装句，flow作本句谓语，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是the mighty river，为第三人称单数。故填flows。
79．考查介词。句意：焦山是三座山中最高的一座，海拔70.7米，面积38公顷，位于长江流域，四面环水。此处是固定搭配：with an altitude of意为“海拔高度为”。故填with。
80．考查非谓语动词。句意：青山被碧波环抱，像一块碧玉漂在江面上。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词looks，所以float用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语jade之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作定语。故填floating。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
期末语法填空专项特训-高中英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum (论坛) to celebrate 1 tenth anniversary (周年) of the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议). The forum was considered 2 (extreme) important in building the Belt and Road.
Chinese President Xi Jinping 3 (give) a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation had been turned into real projects. He also said that China would take eight major steps 4 (support) high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, 5 (include) green development and the advance of science and technology.
So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s 6 (large) platform (平台) for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international 7 (organisation) to build the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of which is the China-Laos Railway. 8 was put into use in December 2021, helping Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia.
“Belt and Road cooperation was suggested by China, 9 its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt 10 the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make a great difference to the world in the future.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hangzhou, a paradise on earth
Hangzhou, 11 is now in the spotlight as the main host of the 19th Asian Games, is one of the seven ancient capitals of China, ever 12 (serve) as the capital of the Wuyue Kingdom during the Five Dynasties and the Southern Song Dynasty. As a core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou 13 (be) one of the most prosperous cities in China for more than 1, 000 years 14 is home to a large number of natural attractions and historical heritages.
Marco Polo, the famous 13th century Italian traveler and merchant, described Hangzhou 15 “the finest and the noblest in the world”.
Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world’s attention, tourists from 16 (vary) places have gathered to this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life pace and beautiful natural 17 (surround).
The West Lake is 18 (definite) a place people can never miss when visiting Hangzhou. The lake 19 (it) covers 6 square kilometers, and includes some of Hangzhou’s most famous scenic places. Situated in the center of the city, it has convenient public transport access. The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists 20 (travel) around the lake. The parks around the lake are all free to visit.
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I recently visited Beijing with my parents and younger brother. We had 21 wonderful time on the two-day tour we arranged through the Beijing Forbidden City travel agency.
On the morning of July 11th, the day after we arrived in Beijing, our guide Miss Wu took us to visit the Ming Tombs. We spent about an hour 22 (look) around the tombs. Then we visited a factory producing 23 ( tradition) cloth shoes. They were really beautiful, and it was fun to see how the products 24 (make). My mother even bought two pairs of cloth shoes. After leaving the factory, we were taken to a restaurant 25 served delicious Beijing roast duck. After lunch, we headed to Badaling Great Wall. We took a car up the hill and got onto the wall at the top. The walking on Badaling Great Wall took 26 (we) two hours. The views from the wall were just 27 (amaze). That hike was a bit tiring, 28 it was my favorite part of the tour.
The next morning, we went to see the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube, the main Olympic stadiums which was built 29 the 2008 Olympic Games. In the afternoon, we were taken to see the Forbidden City, which was one of the most famous 30 (attraction). It was huge, so we spent the whole afternoon there.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone cave system is, park officials, estimate there 31 be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored.
32 those unexplored, more than 200 caves exist in the park that are disconnected from the larger system.
The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park 33 (recognize) as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance — making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title.
The caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion, which is known as “karst topography”. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve and shape soft limestone, which creates the vast underground network. The system is still being shaped and carved today. Not only are they a stunning destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for roughly 40% of the US population — and they’re 34 historical significance too.
The caves act as a time capsule that preserve over 5,000 years of human history — and the caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who 35 (mine) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Thanks to the cave system’s atmosphere and natural protection from any kind of human disturbance, the archaeological sites have been left in great shape. Several sets of Native American remains have been recovered, 36 (provide) fascinating evidence of pre-Columbian funerary practices.
Mammoth Cave was established as a national park thanks to strong local support. Back in the 1920s, Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work created the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission in 1925 to survey 37 (propose) park sites, including the caves. After years of work acquiring the land for the park, as well as building roads, trails, and public facilities, Mammoth Cave National Park was established on July 1, 1941.
Pioneering African Americans were some of the first cave guides, and are responsible for some of the more recently discovered passageways. Stephen Bishop, who was a slave, worked in the cave from 1838 to 1856 and ventured beyond the tour routes that 38 (establish). He crossed a terrifying drop called the “bottomless pit” to discover unmapped areas of the cave system. Although they were unrecognized at the time, pioneers like Bishop helped spark the golden age of cave exploration.
The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with roughly a quarter taking a tour of the caves – everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous scrambling tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species, such as the eyeless cavefish, 39 has adapted to the lightless environment by no longer growing eyes, and the cave crayfish.
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of 40 (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be spotted.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Walking around the world may seem impossible, but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of 41 other.
In 2014, Angela Maxwell, then in her early 30s, began her walk around the world alone. After six-and-a-half years and over 32, 000 kilometers, Maxwell’s walk ended 42 it began. Before she left 43 her journey, Maxwell found inspiration from women explorers of the past. “I read their books in 44 (hope) of finding encouragement — and I did — by 45 (learn) about their challenges and struggles as well as their triumphs. Each woman’s story was 46 (vast) different, which gave me the confidence to give my walk a try,” Maxwell told the BBC．
Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and 47 (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk.
When the BBC asked her what kind of person it takes to walk around the world, Maxwell said, “It’s 48 (probable) a combination of ambition, a little 49 (stubborn) and a pinch of passion — not for hiking as a sport, but for self-discovery and adventure.”
“Walking has taught me that everything and everyone has a story 50 (share); we just have to be willing to listen,” she said.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed
If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling”. Susan 51 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom.
Susan was six years old and 52 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain.
The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 53 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 54 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 55 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die.
Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 56 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 57 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 58 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children.
Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 59 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 60 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Ping, who is loved by fans at home 61 abroad, not only brought honour and glory to China but also led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination 62 (test). Her team was falling apart, as she lost two important players. But Lang Ping did not lose heart. She 63 (face) difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks 64 (late), they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
Michael Jordan, 65 (know) as “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but his mental 66 (strong) made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed 67 (find) a way to win. Jordan’s secret to success is learning from his 68 (fail). Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give 69 . In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club 70 he started has been helping young people since 1996.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient times, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, in Eastern China was called Jing kou. 71 (locate) at the golden cross of the Yangtze River and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is a place of 72 (strategy) importance.
The upper reaches of the Yangtze River deposit a lot of silt (淤泥) here, 73 has gradually built up into a small island in the river.
There are three beautiful mountains here—Jinshan Mountain, Beigu Mountain and Jiaoshan Mountain, which are 74 (close) connected with the Yangtze River and are called the Three Mountains of Jingkou.
Jinshan mountain is only 42 meters above sealevel. 75 Jinshan mountain is said to be on the Yangtze River, because the rivers course has moved to the north, JinShan is now some distance away from the Yangtze.
Beigu Mountain, 10 meters 76 (high) than Jinshan Mountain, is just beside the Yangtze River. From here, Jinshan Mountain can 77 (see) in the west and Jiaoshan Mountain in the east. Around the foot of the mountain 78 (flow) the mighty river.
Jiaoshan, the highest of the three, 79 an altitude of 70.7 meters and an area of 38 hectares, is located in the Yangtze River, surrounded by water. Encircled by the green waves, the green mountain looks like a piece of jade 80 (float) on the river.
参考答案：
1．the 2．extremely 3．gave 4．to support 5．including 6．largest 7．organisations 8．It 9．but 10．that
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。为庆祝“一带一路”倡议（BRI）提出十周年，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加备受瞩目的第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛（BRF）。文章简要回顾了十年来“一带一路”的影响和成果。
1．考查冠词。句意：10月18日，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加一个引人注目的论坛，庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。由空后的序数词tenth可知，设空处应该用定冠词。故填the。
2．考查副词。句意：论坛被认为对“一带一路”建设至关重要。空后important为形容词，应该用副词修饰形容词。故填extremely。
3．考查时态。句意：中国国家主席习近平在开幕式上致辞。根据句子结构和上下文语境，陈述过去事情，设空处为谓语动词的过去式。故填gave。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还宣布了中国为支持“一带一路”高质量合作将采取的八大举措，包括绿色发展和科技进步等。设空处用不定式表示目的。故填to support。
5．考查介词。句意：他还表示，中国将采取包括绿色发展和科技进步在内的八项重大举措，支持高质量的“一带一路”合作。由句意可知，设空处意为“包括”，用介词including。故填including。
6．考查形容词最高级。句意：到目前为止，“一带一路”倡议已成为世界上规模最大的国际合作平台。结合句意，表示“最大的”，用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。
7．考查名词复数形式。句意：截至 2023 年 6 月，中国已经与152个国家和32个国际组织进行了合作，共建“一带一路”。根据数词32可知，设空处应该用名词的复数形式。故填organisations。
8．考查代词。句意：它于2021年12月投入使用，帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。设空处指代前文的单数名词“the China-Laos Railway”，且位于句首。故填It。
9．考查连词。句意：习近平主席表示，共建“一带一路”源自中国，但其成果属于世界。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺并列连词，根据句意可知，表示转折关系，所以此处应该用but表示转折。故填but。
10．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议在未来将继续在世界上发挥其重大作用。There is no doubt that …意为“毫无疑问”，that引导同位语从句，对doubt的内容进行说明，在句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，无词汇意义。故填that。
11．which 12．serving 13．has been 14．and 15．as 16．various 17．surroundings 18．definitely 19．itself 20．to travel
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有“人间天堂”美称的杭州市。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：杭州，目前作为第19届亚运会的主要东道主而备受瞩目，是中国七大古都之一，曾在五代和南宋担任吴越王国的首都。引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Hangzhou，应用关系代词which。故填which。
2.考查现在分词。句意：杭州，目前作为第19届亚运会的主要东道主而备受瞩目，是中国七大古都之一，曾在五代和南宋担任吴越王国的首都。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Hangzhou和动词serve是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填serving。
3.考查动词时态。句意：作为长三角的核心城市，1000多年来杭州一直是中国最繁荣的城市之一，拥有众多自然景点和历史遗产。根据句意及时间状语for more than 1, 000 years可知，该处用现在完成时，主语是Hangzhou，助动词应用has。故填has been。
4.考查连词。句意：作为长三角的核心城市，1000多年来杭州一直是中国最繁荣的城市之一，拥有众多自然景点和历史遗产。前后句之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
5.考查介词。句意：13世纪著名的意大利旅行家和商人马可·波罗将杭州描述为“世界上最好、最高贵的”。describe...as...“把……描述为……”。故填as。
6.考查形容词。句意：如今， 随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光， 来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市，享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。空处修饰名词places应用形容词形式various作定语。故填various。
7.考查名词。句意：如今， 随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光， 来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市，享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。此处应用名词surroundings“周围环境”作宾语。故填surroundings。
8.考查副词。句意：西湖是人们游览杭州时绝对不会错过的地方。此处用副词definitely作状语。故填definitely。
9.考查代词。句意：该湖本身面积6平方公里，包括杭州最著名的一些景点。此处应用反身代词itself作同位语，故填itself。
10.考查不定式。句意：杭州市政府还为游客提供免费的公共自行车环湖游。此处为不定式作目的状语。故填to travel。
21．a 22．looking 23．traditional 24．were made 25．which/that 26．us 27．amazing 28．but 29．for 30．attractions
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与父母和弟弟去北京旅游的见闻。
21．考查冠词。句意：我们通过北京故宫旅行社安排了为期两天的旅行，玩得很开心。have a wonderful time为固定搭配，表示“玩得开心”，且wonderful是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们花了大约一个小时在坟墓周围四处看。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语，其中介词in可以省略。故填looking。
23．考查形容词。句意：然后我们参观了一家生产传统布鞋的工厂。空处修饰名词短语cloth shoes，应用形容词traditional作定语。故填traditional。
24．考查时态和语态。句意：它们真地很漂亮，看到这些产品是如何制作的很有趣。根据句中were和was可知，句子应用一般过去时，make与主语products之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语products是复数，be动词应用were。故填were made。
25．考查定语从句。句意：离开工厂后，我们被带到一家餐厅，那里供应美味的北京烤鸭。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
26．考查代词。句意：我们在八达岭长城上走了两个小时。空处作动词took的宾语，应用代词的宾格形式us。故填us。
27．考查形容词。句意：从墙上看到的景色真是太令人惊叹了。空处作句子表语，表示“景色令人惊叹”，应用形容词amazing。故填amazing。
28．考查连词。句意：那次徒步旅行有点累，但这是我旅行中最喜欢的部分。结合语意可知，句子前后表示转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故填but。
29．考查介词。句意：第二天早上，我们去看了鸟巢和水立方，这是为2008年奥运会建造的主要奥运场馆。结合语意可知，主要奥运场馆是为了2008年奥运会建造的，空处应用介词for，表示“为了”。故填for。
30．考查名词。句意：下午，我们被带去参观了紫禁城，它是最著名的景点之一。“one of+复数可数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
31．may 32．Besides 33．being recognized 34．of 35．mined 36．providing 37．proposed 38．had been established 39．which 40．the most diverse
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯塔基州的一个洞穴公园的具体情况。
31．考查情态动词。句意：与石灰岩洞穴系统一样大，公园官员估计，可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。根据句意可知，此处是对现在的推测，且推测不是特别有把握，用情态动词may，表示“可能”。故填may。
32．考查介词。句意：除了那些未经探索的，公园里还有200多个洞穴与大型系统没有连接。根据句意可知，此处应填介词besides，意为“除……之外(还)”，首字母大写。故填Besides。
33．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于其巨大的规模和科学重要性，令人难以置信的岩层使该公园被认定为世界遗产，使其成为美国仅有的13个拥有世界遗产称号的自然遗址之一。分析句子结构可知，in后接“名词+动名词”构成的动名词复合结构，逻辑主语park和recognize“承认；（正式）认可”之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式being recognized，作介词in的宾语。故填being recognized。
34．考查介词。句意：它们不仅是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，而且该系统还为大约40%的美国人口提供饮用水——它们也具有历史意义。结合句意和空前的are，可知本空填介词of，be of“有……的”。故填of。
35．考查时态。句意：这些洞穴就像一个时间胶囊，保存了5000多年的人类历史——洞穴的第一批探险者是美洲原住民，他们在猛犸洞的上层开采。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who代指先行词Native Americans，且与谓语动词mine“开采”是主动关系，再结合语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故填过去式mined，构成一般过去时。故填mined。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：已经发现了几组美洲原住民遗骸，为前哥伦布时代的丧葬习俗提供了令人着迷的证据。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为have been recovered，故本空为非谓语，且Several sets of Native American remains与provide“提供”为主动关系，故此处用动词现在分词，作状语。故填providing。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：早在20世纪20年代，内政部长休伯特·沃克于1925年成立了南阿巴拉契亚国家公园委员会，负责调查包括洞穴在内的拟建公园地点。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为created，故本空为非谓语，且park sites与propose“建议”为被动关系，故此处用动词过去分词，作定语，proposed (被建议的)是由过去分词转化而来的形容词，修饰park sites。故填proposed。
38．考查时态和语态。句意：从1838年到1856年，奴隶斯蒂芬·毕晓普在洞穴里工作，并在已经建立的旅游路线之外冒险。分析句子结构可知，本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，并且动词establish“建立”发生在谓语动词ventured之前，故定语从句用过去完成时，且从句关系词代替tour routes在定语从句中作主语，且与动词establish为被动关系，故从句用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
39．考查定语从句。句意：洞穴里生活着130多种野生动物，比如无眼洞穴鱼，它们通过不再长眼睛来适应黑暗的环境，还有洞穴小龙虾。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词species，先行词指物，且从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which，引导定语从句。故填which。
40．考查形容词最高级。句意：猛犸洞国家公园也不仅仅是一个洞穴；它周围的森林包含了该国最多样化的栖息地之一。根据句意可知，本空填形容词diverse“多种多样的”的最高级，且最高级前通常加the。故填the most diverse。
41．the 42．where 43．on 44．hopes 45．learning 46．vastly 47．was attacked 48．probably 49．stubbornness 50．to share
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Angela Maxwell徒步地球的故事。
41．考查冠词。句意：环游世界似乎是不可能的，但这并不能阻止一位美国女性一步一步地走下去。one foot in front of the other“一步一步来”是固定短语，the other特指两只脚中的另一个。故填the。
42．考查地点状语从句。句意：经过6年半，32000多公里的跋涉，Maxwell的旅程终于在起点结束了。根据句意可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句。故填where。
43．考查介词。句意：在启程之前，Maxwell从过去的女性探险家身上找到了灵感。介词on和journey是固定搭配。故填on。
44．考查名词复数。句意：我读他们的书，希望通过了解他们的挑战、挣扎和成功，找到鼓励——我做到了。in hopes of“怀着……的希望”是固定搭配，零冠词hope用复数。故填hopes。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。介词by后用动名词作宾语。故填learning。
46．考查副词。句意：每个女人的故事都大不相同，这给了我信心去尝试走路。修饰形容词different用副词。故填vastly。
47．考查时态和语态。句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭到袭击。动词attack和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文heard可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was attacked。
48．考查副词。句意：当英国广播公司问她什么样的人才能环游世界时，Maxwell说：“这可能是雄心壮志、一点点固执和一点点激情的结合——不是把徒步旅行作为一项运动，而是为了自我发现和冒险。”修饰动词be用副词。故填probably。
49．考查名词。句意：同上。根据前文a combination of ambition和后文a pinch of passion可知，此处应用其名词stubbornness(不可数)并列作宾语。故填stubbornness。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：徒步旅行教会了我，每件事、每一个人都有故事可以分享；我们只需要洗耳恭听。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作后置定语修饰story。故填to share。
51．had lost/lost 52．suffered/was suffering 53．noted 54．if /when 55．to be held 56．are developed/have been developed 57．While/Although/Though 58．when 59．has experienced 60．that//which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了甚至非常小的孩子也会抑郁，作者分析了其中的原因，并表示只要有父母的支持和及时的治疗，这些孩子会表现得更好。
51．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊对她喜欢的活动失去了兴趣，不再和她的朋友一起玩，并告诉她的父母她想死。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据后文的“stopped”以及“and told”可知这是三个连续的动作，应使用一般过去时。或者，此处的动作发生在“stopped”以及“and told”这两个动作之前，应使用过去完成时，故填had lost/lost。
52．考查动词时态。句意：苏珊六岁，患有抑郁症。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据前面的“was”可知应使用一般过去时；或者过去的一种状态，强调持续进行，使用过去进行时，故填suffered/was suffering。
53．考查形容词。句意：Rene Spitz是一名著名的心理学研究者，他发现二战后孤儿院里的婴儿没有得到看护者的照顾时，就会拒绝进食并最终死亡。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词researcher，应使用noted，故填noted。
54．考查状语从句连接词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少状语从句连接词，此处可以表示条件，也可以表示时间，因此可以使用连接词if引导条件状语从句或者when引导时间状语从句，故填if /when。
55．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子有一种与生俱来拥抱和安慰的需求。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词need，应使用不定式形式，表示的意思是“被拥抱”，应使用不定式的不定式，故填to be held。
56．考查动词。句意：他们经常很难表达自己的感情，因为他们的语言能力并没有得到充分的发展。分析句子可知，空格处为原因状语从句的谓语部分，根据句意以及前面的have可知，应使用一般现在时，主语skills和动词develop是被动关系，应使用一般现在时被动语态；或者，表示对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填are developed/have been developed。
57．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管大多数学龄前儿童在父母离开时，如果他们饿了、困了、害怕了，或者没有让爸爸给他们买最新的玩具，他们可能会生气，但在抑郁的儿童中，这些行为往往会达到极端的强度和频率。分析句子可知，空格处为让步状语从句引导词，用While/Although/Though表示“尽管”，故填While/Although/Though。
58．考查时间状语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为时间状语从句引导词，应使用连接副词when，故填when。
59．考查动词时态。句意：在大多数情况下，儿童因父母的死亡或缺席而经历重大挫折，目睹或成为暴力的受害者，或有严重的健康问题，从而中断了正常的情绪或身体发展。分析句子可知，空格处为，根据后文的“has witnessed”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填has experienced。
60．考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，先行词是problem，定语从句缺少主语，应使用that或者which，故填that/which。
61．and 62．was tested 63．had faced 64．later 65．known 66．strength 67．to find 68．failures 69．up 70．that/which
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个体育名人的事迹。
61．考查连词。句意：郎平受到国内外球迷的喜爱，不仅为中国带来了荣誉和荣耀，而且还带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。前文at home和后文abroad是并列关系。故填and。
62．考查时态和语态。句意：当中国队准备参加2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。根据时间状语可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，动词test和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was tested。
63．考查时态。句意：她以前也遇到过困难，她知道，如果她的年轻球员像一个团队一样合作，他们就能赢。根据句意和时间状语before可知，此处动作发生在后文knew之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had faced。
64．考查副词。句意：两周后，他们成为了世界冠军！副词later常与具体时间段连用，表示“……之后”。故填later。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔·乔丹，被称为“飞人乔丹”，以他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。此处为非谓语，动词know和名词Michael Jordan之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
66．考查名词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他的精神力量使他独一无二。物主代词his后应用名词strength，表示“力量”是不可数名词。故填strength。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：在比赛的最后时刻，乔丹似乎总能找到取胜的方法。seem to do sth是固定句型。故填to find。
68．考查名词。句意：乔丹成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。介词from 后应用其名词作介词宾语，failure表示“失败的事情”是可数名词，应用其复数形式，符合句意。故填failures。
69．考查副词。句意：输掉比赛让他更加努力地训练，永不放弃。动词短语give up“放弃”符合句意。故填up。
70．考查定语从句。句意：他创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The Boys and Girls Club，指代事物，应用that或which引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
71．Located 72．strategic 73．which 74．closely 75．Although/Though/While 76．higher 77．be seen 78．flows 79．with 80．floating
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了中国江苏省镇江市（古名京口）的地理景象和三座著名的山峰——金山、北固山和焦山，描绘了山峰的位置、高度和风景特色。
71．考查非谓语动词。句意：它位于长江和京杭大运河的黄金交汇处，是一个具有重要战略意义的地方。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以locate的用非谓语形式，动词locate和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作状语。故填Located。
72．考查形容词。句意：它位于长江和京杭大运河的黄金交汇处，是一个具有重要战略意义的地方。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，strategy的形容词形式是strategic。故填strategic。
73．考查定语从句。句意：长江上游淤积了大量泥沙，在长江中逐渐形成了一个小岛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
74．考查副词。句意：这里有三座美丽的山——金山、北固山和焦山，与长江紧密相连，被称为京口三山。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰作状语。故填closely。
75．考查状语从句连接词。句意：虽然据说金山在长江上，但由于河道向北移动，金山现在离长江有一段距离了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“虽然，尽管”之意，应用although或者though或者while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although或者Though或者While。
76．考查形容词比较级。句意：北固山，比金山高10米，就在长江边上。根据空后的than可知，空处应填形容词比较级。故填higher。
77．考查动词语态。句意：从这里，西可看到金山，东可看到焦山。分析句子结构可知，see作本句谓语，和主语Jinshan Mountain之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be seen。
78．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这条浩浩荡荡的河流环绕着山脚而流。分析句子结构可知，本句是倒装句，flow作本句谓语，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是the mighty river，为第三人称单数。故填flows。
79．考查介词。句意：焦山是三座山中最高的一座，海拔70.7米，面积38公顷，位于长江流域，四面环水。此处是固定搭配：with an altitude of意为“海拔高度为”。故填with。
80．考查非谓语动词。句意：青山被碧波环抱，像一块碧玉漂在江面上。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词looks，所以float用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语jade之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作定语。故填floating。
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