2023-2024学年湖南中考英语专项特训：阅读选择（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024学年湖南中考英语专项特训：阅读选择
●Become a volunteer and help those who need your help in your community! Volunteer work includes helping the poor, helping the families whose houses were destroyed（毁坏）by natural disasters or creating green areas for neighborhood families. Whichever service activity you choose, you have the right to make a difference and create a real change in the community! Join the Volunteer Service Center today! Volunteers are the greatest people in the world. Let’s work together to make the world a better place.
●Our summer holiday volunteer jobs are open to any Americans. You don’t need any special skills to join and there are no age limits. With Biosphere Expedition（生物圈探险）, you can be a wildlife and environmental volunteer for anywhere from two weeks to two months. You’ll work with local scientists, and the leaders from Biosphere Expedition will be by your side.
★★★ We need students at the age of 16 and up who study at school and want give them chances to use their talents, skills and knowledge to help the little kids. They must have enough patience and are warm-hearted.
1．The volunteers can ________ in the community.
A．look after the pet animals B．build a house for the homeless C．help the people who are poor
2．Biosphere Expedition is likely to be held ________.
A．for three months B．in the summer holiday C．only by local scientists
3．If Li Chun is ________ years old, he can be a volunteer to help the little kids.
A．13 B．15 C．17
4．Which of the following is TRUE
A．To join the holiday volunteer work, special skills are required.
B．The volunteer can choose any service activity in the community.
C．The student who doesn’t study at school can be a volunteer to help the little kids.
5．What is the best title for this passage
A．A Job Interview B．Volunteers Wanted C．An Expedition Club
Ways of Payment
Appearing time Dec. 12, 2004 Sep. 9, 2005 Aug. 8, 2003 Jan. 12, 2011
Companies Taobao Tencent Yeepay Tencent
Description A transfer station (between sellers and buyers) Buyers’ money goes directly to the sellers
Ways Through computers or mobile phones Mobile phones
The number of cooperative banks Over 180 18 About 100 11
The number of users Over 0.52 billion Over 0.2 billion 100,000 Over 0.8 billion
6．According to the form above, we know some information about ________.
A．payment ways B．online shopping C．the uses of Internet
7．When you buy something on Taobao, the money you pay first goes to ________.
A．the buyer’s bank directly
B．the seller’s mobile phone or his computer
C．a third account(账户) between sellers and buyers
8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the form above
A．Yeepay was put into use earlier than the other three.
B．Alipay and WeChat pay do not have the same number of users.
C．It is the most convenient for you to use Tenpay because it has the most cooperative banks.
Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential(有影响力的) articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.
Born in 1881 to a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his grandfather, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family was no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.
By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.
After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q(1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.
9．Many Lu Xun’s influential articles are about ________.
A．how to make money
B．interesting stories
C．living conditions of Chinese people
10．Did Lu Xun have a happy childhood
A．Yes, he did. B．No, he didn’t. C．Yes, he had.
11．Why did Lu Xun returned to China in 1909
A．Because he missed his family.
B．Because he wanted to find a job in Beijing.
C．Because he was in need of money.
12．Which novel helped Lu Xun make a great success
A．The True Story of Ah Q. B．Kong Yiji. C．Diary of a Madman.
13．Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage
A．The people he met in Japan.
B．The experiences in his early life.
C．Working as a teacher in Beijing.
Traditional Chinese Cultures
Chinese folk musicChinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories. One of the classics, shijing, included some folk songs from the West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period. Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on. Chinese PaintingIn ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk. Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water, flowers and birds, figures (人物). The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water.
Chinese HandwritingChinese handwriting is a special art of Asian cultures. Brush handwriting is much loved around the world. Wang Xizhi was very famous for brush handwriting. He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting. WeiqiWeiqi, called yi in ancient China, is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3,000 years. People believe weiqi is the beginning of all ancient chess games.
14．What is Chinese folk music connected with
A．Weiqi. B．Ancient Chinese stories. C．Chinese painting.
15．Traditional Chinese musical instruments do NOT include ________.
A．xiao B．piano C．guzheng
16．What have we learned about Wang Xizhi from the passage
A．He was a great weiqi player.
B．He was good at Chinese painting.
C．He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.
17．In ancient China, people often painted ________.
A．on wood or cloth B．on paper or wood C．on paper or silk
18．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Chinese handwriting is a special art of Asian cultures.
B．People believe weiqi is the beginning of all ancient chess games.
C．The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and flowers.
Little George lived in a poor village. One summer day George’s mother sent him to the field to pick up some dried wood for the fire. George looked very hard. By the time the sun was high, he was very hot and wished for a cool place to rest and have some food. As he walked along, he found some shade (树荫), and by it were some fine wild strawberries.
“How good these will be with my bread and butter,” thought George. He picked up all of the strawberries. As he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother, alone in her dark, cold room in the village.
With this in mind, he put the strawberry back again. “Shall I save them for her ” he asked himself. He thought how refreshing they would be for her, yet was still looking at them with a longing (渴望的) eye.
“I will eat half, and take the other half to her,” he said. He divided them into two heaps (堆) but each heap looked so small. He put them together again.
“I will only eat one,” he thought. But, as he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest and he put it back.
When the sun was beginning to go down, George set out for home. How happy he felt, then he had all his strawberries for his sick mother.
He heard his mother’s voice calling him. “Is that you, George I am glad you have come back. I am thirsty and am longing for some tea.”
George ran to her and joyfully offered his wild strawberries.
Could eating the strawberries have given George half the happiness he felt at this moment
19．How many strawberries did George eat in total
A．One of them. B．Half of them. C．None of them.
20．What is the correct order of the story
a. George ran to her mom and offered her the strawberries.
b. George found some fine wild strawberries and picked them up.
c. As the sun was beginning to go down, George set out for home.
d. George divided them into two piles and finally put them together.
e. George thought of his mom as he was lifting the first strawberry.
A．b-e-d-c-a B．d-e-b-a-c C．b-c-d-e-a
21．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3
A．He believed that fruit was a must for his sick mother.
B．He knew the strawberries could make her mother feel better.
C．He was not sure whether his mother would like the strawberries or not.
22．How did George feel when he offered the strawberries to his mother
A．Moved. B．Relaxed. C．Pleased.
23．What is the best title of the passage
A．Better sharing than receiving
B．Giving brings more happiness
C．Enjoying strawberries with mom
Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is a part of life. After all, we can’t win all the time. However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败). This may help us succeed in the future. So we must know how to be a good loser.
We mustn’t be afraid of losing. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. Failure can’t be avoided in our life. Edison failed 10, 000 times before he invented the light bulb (灯泡). When he was asked how he felt, he said that he hadn’t failed10, 000 times but had learned 10, 000 things which didn’t work. We must know that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved success although they failed many times.
Losing is not very disgraceful. We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. If someone else can help, we’ll be lucky enough. Maybe he or she has been through the same experience before. Many people enjoy helping others solve problems. This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future.
We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer our congratulations (祝贺) to the winners and share in their happiness, we won’t feel sorry for our failure.
In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win.
24．What can we learn from every failure according to the text
A．A way of life. B．A valuable thing. C．A secret of success.
25．In the writer’s eyes, why did Edison achieve success
A．He got help from others. B．He avoided possible mistakes. C．He saw the bright side of losing
26．What does the underlined word “disgraceful” probably mean
A．Bad. B．Personal. C．Dangerous.
27．What does the writer advise the losers to do in a competition
A．Express the regrets. B．Forget the failure. C．Share in the winners’ enjoyment.
28．What is the best title for the text
A．Ideas about How to Avoid Mistakes
B．Advice on How to Be a Good Loser
C．Advantages of both Success and Failure
When I was in Grade 8, I had a heated argument with my classmate, Tony. I have forgotten what the argument was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.
I believed that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrong and he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us a lesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and round object. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what color the object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the object was white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony and me, this time about the color of the object.
The teacher told me to go and stand where Tony was standing and told him to go and stand where I was standing. We changed places, and now she asked me what color the object was. I had to answer, “White.” It was an object with two differently colored sides—from his side it was white, while from my side it was black. “Boys, now, what do you say ” The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since.
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: When you disagree with others, you’d better be in their shoes. That will help you look at the situation through their eyes, and truly understand their ideas and ways of thinking.
29．What did the teacher do at first
A．She shouted at the boys. B．She called the boys’ parents. C．She brought the boys to her desk.
30．How did the writer feel when Tony answered “white” in paragraph 2
A．Surprised. B．Pleased. C．Afraid.
31．Why did the writer give two different answers
A．Because he was unfriendly to Tony.
B．Because he changed his place with Tony.
C．Because he wanted to have another argument.
32．What would the writer probably do after this lesson
A．He would forget the arguments.
B．He might shake hands with Tony.
C．He would sit in the front of the class.
33．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Great minds think the same B．Many hands make light work C．Look at things in another way
“Family” weights a lot in Chinese. We can see theme of “family” in many traditional festivals, for instance, Lunar New Year, the Double Ninth Festival, as also the Mid-Autumn Festival. When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright and full moon Of course, it is the Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. We look at the moon, eat moon cakes, and get together with our families.
The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people. We enjoy and admire it. We use the round moon to describe reunion, that is, get together. Our respect of the moon dates back to ancient times. There is the legend of Chang’e flying to the moon—the most famous story about the moon. Many Chinese poets connect the moon with homesickness. For example, “Beside my bed a pool of light. Is it hoarfrost on the ground ” from Jing Ye Si (Thoughts in the Silent Night) by Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai. Today, the moon is still important to Chinese people. The Miao minority (少数民族) in Guizhou province has a special custom. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, young people dance under the moon to find their other half.
However, Western people see the moon differently. In some stories, the full moon is somewhat frightened to people. The most well-known story is the werewolf. A werewolf usually looks like a human, but changes into a wolf-like creature when there is a full moon. Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, other may joke, “it must be a full moon.”
34．What festival is the passage mainly about
A．The Mid-Autumn Festival.
B．Lunar New Year.
C．The Double Ninth Festival.
35．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “reunion” in the passage
A．团结 B．团聚 C．联合
36．What does Paragraph 2 try to explain
A．Why the moon is special to Chinese people.
B．When the story of Chang’e started.
C．How ancient poets described the moon.
37．When “it must be a full moon” is used to describe a person, the person ________.
A．likes the moon very much
B．is very excited or even crazy about something
C．is well-known to others
38．What can be the best title for the passage
A．How the Mid-Autumn Festival Is Celebrated in China
B．Different Holiday Customs in China
C．Stories about the Full Moon in China and Western Countries
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文是三则志愿者招聘的广告。
1．细节理解题。根据“Volunteer work includes helping the poor, helping the families whose houses were destroyed by natural disasters or creating green areas for neighborhood families.”可知，志愿工作包括帮助穷人，帮助房屋被自然灾害摧毁的家庭，或为社区家庭创造绿色区域。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Our summer holiday volunteer jobs are open to all Americans.”和“With Biosphere Expedition（生物圈探险）, you can be a wildlife and environmental volunteer for anywhere from two weeks to two months.”可知，生物圈探险很可能在暑期举行。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“We need students at the age of 16 and up who study at school and want give them chances to use their talents, skills and knowledge to help the little kids.”可知，我们需要16岁及以上的在校生，让他们有机会利用自己的才能、技能和知识来帮助孩子。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Whatever service activity you choose, you have the right to make a difference and create a real change in the community!”可知，无论你选择什么服务活动，你都有权有所作为，在社区中创造真正的改变！说明志愿者可以选择社区中的任何服务活动。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。根据“Become a volunteer and help those who need your help in your community!”、“Our summer holiday volunteer jobs are open to any Americans.”和“We need students at the age of 16 and up who study at school and want give them chances to use their talents, skills and knowledge to help the little kids.”可知，本文主要讲了志愿者招聘的信息。选项B“招聘志愿者”作为标题最为合适。故选B。
6．A 7．C 8．C
【导语】本文主要对比了几种网上支付方式。
6．细节理解题。根据表格“Ways of Payment”可知，表格是有关支付方式的，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据表格“A transfer station (between sellers and buyers)”可知，在淘宝上买东西你的钱先去中转站，故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据表格倒数第2行“The number of cooperative banks”可知，合作银行最多的应该是支付宝，C选项表达的是财付通，表述错误，故选C。
9．C 10．A 11．C 12．C 13．B
【导语】本文介绍了鲁迅的生平事迹。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“...he also wrote many influential(有影响力的) articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.”可知他还写了许多关于中国人生活状况的文章。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段“Born in 1881 to a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood.”可知鲁迅的童年是快乐的，因此回答是肯定的。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.”可知他因为需要钱回到了中国。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段“he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success.”可知《狂人日记》很成功。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.”可知他早年的经历对他的写作产生了影响。故选B。
14．B 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个中华艺术。
14．细节理解题。根据“Chinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories”可知中国民间音乐与中国古代故事联系在一起。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng, pipa, erhu, xiao and so on”可知中国传统乐器有古筝、琵琶、二胡、箫等。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“Wang Xizhi was very famous for brush handwriting. He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.”可知王羲之在中国书法方面取得了巨大成就。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk”可知在中国古代，大多数中国画都是在纸上或丝绸上完成的。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water.”可知中国画的最高形式是山水。故选C。
19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了小乔治摘了野草莓带回来给生病妈妈吃的故事，他没有自己吃，而是都留给了妈妈吃，这让他很开心。
19．细节理解题。根据“then he had all his strawberries for his sick mother.”可知他把所有草莓都给妈妈吃了，他自己一个也没有吃。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“He picked up all of the strawberries. As he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother”可知他发现了一些草莓，并把它们摘了，当他把第一颗草莓送到嘴里时，他想起了生病的母亲，故b排第一位，e排第二位。故选A。
21．词句猜测题。根据“He thought how refreshing they would be for her”可知他认为草莓会让他妈妈精力充沛，让他妈妈感觉更好。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“George ran to her and joyfully offered his wild strawberries”可知他很开心。故选C。
23．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了小乔治摘了野草莓带回来给生病妈妈吃的故事，他没有自己吃，而是都留给了妈妈吃，这让他很开心，以选项B“给予带来更多快乐”为标题最合适。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了我们要从失败中学习，做一个好的失败者会帮助我们在生活中取得成功。
24．细节理解题。根据“However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败).”可知，我们可以从每一次失败中学到一些有价值的东西。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“When he was asked how he felt, he said that he hadn’t failed10, 000 times but had learned 10, 000 things which didn’t work.”可知，爱迪生认为他没有失败一万次，而是学到了一万件不起作用的东西。故选C。
26．词义猜测题。根据“We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. Remember that it can be helpful.”可知，我们必须接受我们的失败并学会利用它。记住它是有帮助的。所以disgraceful意思是坏的，即失败并不是坏事情，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“If we offer our congratulations (祝贺) to the winners and share in their happiness, we won’t feel sorry for our failure.”可知，如果我们向获奖者表示祝贺并分享他们的快乐，我们就不会为我们的失败感到遗憾。故选C。
28．最佳标题题。根据“However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败). This may help us succeed in the future. So we must know how to be a good loser.”和“In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life.”可知，本文主要讲述了我们要从失败中学习，做一个好的失败者会帮助我们在生活中取得成功。B项“关于如何成为一个好失败者的建议”符合内容，故选B。
29．C 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在8年级时跟同学产生了一次激烈的争吵，老师让作者和另外一位同学明白，要学会站在对方的角度去考虑问题。
29．细节理解题。根据“She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other”可知，老师先把这两位男孩带到桌子前，故选C 。
30．推理判断题。根据“‘White,’ Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the object was white! ‘Clearly, it was black!’”可知，作者看到的是黑色，而Tony回答是白色，所以Tony的回答让作者感到惊讶，故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据“It was an object with two differently colored sides—from his side it was white, while from my side it was black”可知，因为作者再次站在不同的方向时，看到这个物体是另一个颜色，所以给出了两个不同的答案，故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since”可知，自从那以后作者和Tony成为了好朋友，由此可推断经过这个事情他们会握手言和，故选B。
33．最佳标题题。根据“When you disagree with others, you’d better be in their shoes”可知，本文通过作者的经历告诉我们要站在别人的角度考虑问题，所以C选项“学会从另一个角度看问题”符合本文标题，故选C。
34．A 35．B 36．A 37．B 38．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中西方对于月亮的不同看法。
34．主旨大意题。根据“Of course, it is the Mid-Autumn Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. We look at the moon, eat moon cakes, and get together with our families.”和全文可知，中秋节是中国最重要的节日之一，我们看月亮，吃月饼，和家人团聚，且下文通篇介绍了中西方对于月亮的不同看法，可推测这段话是关于中秋节的。故选A。
35．词句猜测题。根据“We use the round moon to describe reunion, that is, get together.”可知，我们用圆月表示聚在一起，即用圆月形容团聚，reunion“团聚”符合语境。故选B。
36．主旨大意题。根据“The moon, the key part of the festival, is special to most Chinese people.”和第二段整段可知，月亮是这个节日的关键部分，对大多数中国人来说是特别的；且第二段整段讲述了月亮对于中国人的意义，即第二段解释了中国人认为月亮特别的原因。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据“Also, if someone is very excited or even crazy about something, other may joke, ‘it must be a full moon.’”可知，若有人对某事感到非常兴奋甚至疯狂，其他人可能会开玩笑说：“一定是满月。”，可推测一个人如果对某事感到非常兴奋甚至疯狂，会用“一定是满月”来形容他/她。故选B。
38．标题归纳题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了中国人和西方人对月亮的不同看法，即中国和西方国家关于满月的故事。故选C。
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