重庆缙云教育联盟2023-2024学年(上)11月月度质量检测
高一英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回;
4.全卷共9页，满分120分，听力部分另附纸张，本卷考试时间100分钟。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re traveling with teens or kids, there’s an option for you below.
Jamaica
Jamaica is a preferred place when it comes to family vacations for a reason. Yes, there are amazingly blue waters and extensive sandy beaches—also there’s plenty of adventures to be had. Putting up nights at the Royalton Negril, you don’t even need to leave the resort to entertain your family, since there’s a mini water park and kids’ club on site.
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico is great for American families in need of an easy getaway, since US citizens don’t need a passport to visit. After some time on the island’s beautiful beaches, explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Old San Juan, which is just two hours from Miami and less than four hours from New York City, by plane.
Dominica
Families with active teens should head to Dominica for an off-the-beaten-path experience. The youngest Caribbean island at just 26 million years old, it’s nicknamed the Nature Island for its thick rain forests, plentiful waterfalls, and volcano-fed hot springs. The island is also home to one-of-a-kind attractions like the Waitukubuli Sea Trail—the only sea kayaking （皮划艇） trail in the Caribbean.
Barbados
If you want your beach vacation with a side of history, head to Barbados. Beyond its great natural setting, the island has an abundance of cultural experiences that are engaging and educational for adults and children alike. Explore the colonial architecture in Bridgetown, tour the Barbados Museum & Historical Society, or appreciate works by local artists in the Gallery of Caribbean Art in Speightstown.
1. What can kids do at the Royalton Negril
A. Have fun in the water park. B. Appreciate works by local artists.
C. Experience off-the-beaten-path. D. Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2. What makes it easy for American families to visit Puerto Rico
A. The similar culture. B. The same language.
C. Convenient traffic means. D. No request for passports.
3. Those who want to experience cultural beach travel can choose ______.
A. Jamaica B. Puerto Rico C. Barbados D. Dominica
B
In the US only about 3% of early childhood teachers are male. Experts say this may have a great influence on young children whose understanding of gender roles and identity is rapidly forming. Research has found that getting access to different teachers is of benefit to children. This means the youngest learners are more likely to be exposed to a wide variety of games and communication. It can also help them develop healthy ideas about gender.
“In our society and world, we tend to have very specific stereotypes (刻板印象) of gender roles,” said Mindi Reich-Shapiro, an assistant professor in the Borough of Manhattan Community College, and one of the authors of a recent study. “It’s necessary for the kids to see other possibilities and paths they can choose.”
Although they largely felt supported by colleagues and families, many male teachers surveyed stated that in their career as early education teachers, they did face social and cultural resistance. Some even noted that the parents were surprised or concerned when they found a male teacher with their kids. Moreover, the male teachers were sometimes advised not to hug children.
Reich-Shapiro and other researchers have made some suggestions to increase the number of male early education teachers. Low wages have long been considered as a major problem in this field. More than 70% of male teachers said they intended to stay in the early education workforce, and pointed out that the major motivator for their commitment to their long-term career was an increased salary. Thus, the report recommended that all preschool educators be paid as much as the primary school teachers. The government should establish support groups and provide guidance and professional advice for male early education educators.
Reich-Shapiro said that traditional recruitment methods for early childhood teachers could not handle the gender gap in the field. He suggests providing young individuals with opportunities to stay and work with children either through training or voluntary programs, targeting groups of men who are considering changing their jobs, such as fathers and fathers-to-be.
4. How is the early childhood education in the US
A. It neglects gender roles. B. It lacks male teachers.
C. It influences kids’ understanding. D. It exposes kids to adventures.
5. What is learned about the male teachers in the study
A. They find it awkward to hug children. B. They fail to meet the parents’ expectations.
C. They can’t keep up with female colleagues. D. They feel distrusted socially and culturally.
6. What is important for men to be committed to early childhood education
A. Higher pay. B. Job security. C. Social recognition. D. Better workplace.
7. What can be the best title for the passage
A. Early education: a specific target B. Early education: a challenging field
C. Male preschool teachers: a vital necessity D. Male preschool teachers: a potential career
C
Plants may tell us when they’re in trouble. Thirsty tomato and tobacco plants make clicking sounds, researchers have found. The sounds are ultrasonic (超声波的), meaning they are too high-pitched for human ears to hear. But when the sounds are transformed to lower pitches, they sound like popping bubbles (爆破的泡泡). Plants also make clicks when their stems (茎) are cut.
“It’s not like the plants are screaming,” says Lilach Hadany, an evolutionary biologist working at Tel Aviv University in Israel. “Plants may not mean to make these noises. We’ve shown only that plants create informative sounds.”
Hadany and her colleagues first heard the clicks when they set microphones next to plants on tables in a lab. The microphones caught some noises. But the researchers needed to make sure that the clicking was coming from the plants. So, the scientists placed plants inside soundproof boxes in the basement, far from the noise of the lab. There, microphones picked up ultrasonic pops from thirsty tomato plants. Though it was outside humans’ hearing range, the clicking made by plants was about as loud as a normal conversation.
Cut tomato plants and dry or cut tobacco plants clicked, too. But plants that had enough water or hadn’t been cut stayed mostly quiet. Wheat, corn and grapevines also made sounds when stressed out.
The researchers don’t yet know why plants click. Bubbles forming and then popping inside plant tissues that transport water might make the noises. But however they happen, pops from crops could help farmers, the researchers suggest. Microphones, for example, could monitor fields or greenhouses to detect when plants need to be irrigated (灌溉).
Hadany wonders whether other plants and insects already tune into plant pops. Other studies have suggested that plants respond to sounds. And animals from pests (害虫), moths to mice can hear in the range of the ultrasonic clicks. Sounds made by plants could be heard from around five meters away. Hadany’s team is now studying what the living things near the plants will do after hearing the sounds.
8. What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A Interpreting plant sounds isn’t easy.
B. Plants sound off when they’re in trouble.
C. It’s interesting to hear the sounds of plants.
D. Plants make sounds in a different way from humans.
9. Why did the scientists put plants inside soundproof boxes in the basement
A. To enjoy the sounds made by the plants.
B. To have a better conversation with the plants.
C. To find out whether the plants did make sounds.
D. To keep the plant sounds within their hearing range.
10. In what way can microphones be used to benefit plants
A. Weed prevention. B. Pest control.
C. Temperature monitoring. D. Timely irrigation.
11. What still remains unknown to Hadany’s team
A Whether the sounds of plants can travel far.
B. Whether animals can hear the sounds of plants.
C. How the neighbors of plants respond to their sounds.
D. How plants and animals communicate with each other.
D
Sportsmen in the running races of the Olympics are great athletes, but even the slow runners of the running world —joggers in the park —have good health. A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.
The new study focused on a group of more than 55, 000 men and women aged 18 to 100. About a quarter of them were runners. Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.
The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. A 2013 study in Denmark suggested that the secret of maximum longevity is up to 2. 5 hours of running a week.
Although running can make you less likely to have cardiovascular disease, it doesn’t entirely take the risk away from you. “There is no question that the healthier you are and the more exercise you do, the longer you’ll live and the better your quality of life will be,” Dr. Baggish says. “But it doesn’t mean you’ll never get sick.”
“Many long-term runners do not run because they want to live longer,” Dr. Baggish notes. “They run because it makes them feel better every day.”
For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.
12. What does the new study mainly show us
A. The best way to run. B. The best time to run.
C. The importance of running. D. The popularity of running.
13. What does Dr. Baggish say about cardiovascular disease
A. It can result from running often. B. It’s not completely preventable.
C. It’s not so serious as most people think. D. It can be treated by some kind of exercise.
14. What’s Dr. Baggish’s suggestion for someone doing exercise
A. Staying active all the time. B. Swimming more, run less.
C. Having a big rest after doing sports. D. Taking a little light exercise.
15. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably find this text
A. Health. B. Business. C. Society. D. Medicine.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humanities departments(人文院系)in America are once again being cut down. Earlier this month, the State University of New York(SUNY)StonyBrook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s well-known departments for lack of fund. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics. ____16____In the UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. In June 2015, the Japanese minister of education sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical.
These are hard times. Instead of Shakespeare or French, there will be(perhaps there already are)college classes in how to cut corporate spending. ____17____But the only opportunity has been lost if they are denied the opportunity to study foreign languages, the classics, literature, philosophy, music, theater and art in the university. When else in their busy lives will they get that chance
___18___. Essays explain why we need these subjects, and what their loss will mean. These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to see both sides of an issue;to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly.
I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person. ___19___. Studying philosophy teaches us about those who have gone before us. A foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities touch those aspects of awareness that we call intellect and heart. ____20____
A. These subjects are under attack
B. Students need practical skills to find jobs
C. Defenses of the humanities have appeared
D. This problem has also arisen internationally
E. Therefore, courses in the humanities are beneficial
F. It helps us learn how to think and live in a harmonious society
G But they can expand our sense of what humans can accomplish and create
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the fall of 2008, I was looking to leave my current job in a doctor’s office to explore something more ____21____. So I started investigating the new world of travel nursing. With a bit of ____22____, I was connected to Carlyn.
At this time I am working on all areas of my life...... in the ____23____of becoming a stronger, more confident person, and ____24____more about who I am. Without amazing, enthusiastic and supportive Carlyn, I wouldn’t be where I am today. For the past 2 years, Carlyn and I stayed in ____25____through email, facebook, and a periodic phone call, becoming friends…. I had a whole view of all the things she was ____26____in her life and it inspired me much.
I was anxious to ____27____Carlyn face-to-face for the first time. But, as soon as she ____28____in front of my house, it was like we had done it a million times before. This “my friends” is the ____29____ of the human connection that she talks about. It takes two people from ____30____to friends!
Now as fate would have it, Carlyn has ____31____my world. So now, I hope to repay her ____32____for all that she has helped me ____33____. I am fortunate to be part of a friendship that is a by-product of her ____34____. She continues to inspire me and I hope to learn and meet more through her ____35____.
21. A. complicated B. universal C. challenging D. profitable
22. A. confidence B. luck C. fear D. pride
23. A. power B. hope C. absence D. sense
24. A. learning B. complaining C. discussing D. worrying
25. A. shape B. order C. place D. touch
26. A. abandoning B. explaining C. experiencing D. delivering
27. A. meet B. phone C. persuade D. inform
28 A. put away B. backed down C. carried on D. pulled up
29. A. trick B. power C. choice D. origin
30. A. students B. workmates C. strangers D. learners
31. A. influenced B. left C. explored D. enjoyed
32. A. as a result B. by accident C. with a bang D. in a way
33. A. suspect B. accomplish C. witness D. appreciate
34. A. anxiety B. persistence C. charity D. passion
35. A. recovery B. comparison C. example D. diligence
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse ___36___ (award) the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature in the previous month for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse ___37___ “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, ___38___ (begin) with The Red and the Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry.
Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea. He draws ___39___ (inspire) from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. ___40___ (addition), his battles with depression have enabled ___41___ (he) to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson, Chairman of the Noble Prize Committee. “___42___ is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your ___43___ (deep) feelings — anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death, ___44___ are things that every human being actually face s from the very beginning. In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is ____45____ universal impact of everything that he writes — it has appeal to this basic humanity.”
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者。写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：
1. 个人感悟；
2. 如何准备；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago, I was at a girls, school and our teacher made all the girls in the class sit next to someone different every day.
On one of the days, my teacher paired Madhuri, who I had never talked to, and me to sit next to each other. I noticed that she seemed very anxious. I asked her what was wrong. She remained silent at first, but eventually, she told me that she had three sisters in her family and that her father couldn’t afford school books for all of them.
My primary school was strict, as was the standard then, and if you didn’t have your school books the teacher would make you leave the class. Madhuri was very anxious that day because she thought that the teacher would tell her to leave the class. When the teacher saw that she didn’t have the books, he told Madhuri that she couldn’t attend class for a week.
Madhuri was very sad. I felt so bad when I saw her pain that I decided to help her. I went to speak to her and offered to buy the books for her. She refused my offer to help. She had very strong principles and she would never accept things bought by others.
When I got home from school I told my mom the story. She said that it was good that I had tried to help but I should stop worrying about it because there was nothing more that I could do if she had refused my offer to help. I couldn’t stop worrying about it though. Then I had an idea. My elder brother, who had once used the same series of books, graduated from school last year. Why not turn to him for help
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Maybe those old books were the solution to the problem.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________重庆缙云教育联盟2023-2024学年(上)11月月度质量检测
高一英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回;
4.全卷共9页，满分120分，听力部分另附纸张，本卷考试时间100分钟。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re traveling with teens or kids, there’s an option for you below.
Jamaica
Jamaica is a preferred place when it comes to family vacations for a reason. Yes, there are amazingly blue waters and extensive sandy beaches—also there’s plenty of adventures to be had. Putting up nights at the Royalton Negril, you don’t even need to leave the resort to entertain your family, since there’s a mini water park and kids’ club on site.
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico is great for American families in need of an easy getaway, since US citizens don’t need a passport to visit. After some time on the island’s beautiful beaches, explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Old San Juan, which is just two hours from Miami and less than four hours from New York City, by plane.
Dominica
Families with active teens should head to Dominica for an off-the-beaten-path experience. The youngest Caribbean island at just 26 million years old, it’s nicknamed the Nature Island for its thick rain forests, plentiful waterfalls, and volcano-fed hot springs. The island is also home to one-of-a-kind attractions like the Waitukubuli Sea Trail—the only sea kayaking （皮划艇） trail in the Caribbean.
Barbados
If you want your beach vacation with a side of history, head to Barbados. Beyond its great natural setting, the island has an abundance of cultural experiences that are engaging and educational for adults and children alike. Explore the colonial architecture in Bridgetown, tour the Barbados Museum & Historical Society, or appreciate works by local artists in the Gallery of Caribbean Art in Speightstown.
1. What can kids do at the Royalton Negril
A. Have fun in the water park. B. Appreciate works by local artists.
C. Experience off-the-beaten-path. D. Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2. What makes it easy for American families to visit Puerto Rico
A. The similar culture. B. The same language.
C. Convenient traffic means. D. No request for passports.
3. Those who want to experience cultural beach travel can choose ______.
A. Jamaica B. Puerto Rico C. Barbados D. Dominica
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个适合和孩子一起去的旅游目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jamaica标题下的最后一句话“Putting up nights at the Royalton Negril, you don’t even need to leave the resort to entertain your family, since there’s a mini water park and kids’ club on site.(在Royalton Negril过夜，你甚至不需要离开度假村去娱乐你的家人，因为这里有一个迷你水上公园和儿童俱乐部)”可知，孩子们可以在 Royalton Negril的水上公园愉快地玩耍。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Puerto Rico标题下的第一句话“Puerto Rico is great for American families in need of an easy getaway, since US citizens don’t need a passport to visit. (波多黎各非常适合需要轻松度假的美国家庭，因为美国公民不需要护照就可以访问)”可知，美国公民不要护照就可以访问Puerto Rico，这让美国人能够轻松的去波多黎各游玩。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Barbados标题下的第一、二句话“If you want your beach vacation with a side of history, head to Barbados. Beyond its great natural setting, the island has an abundance of cultural experiences that are engaging and educational for adults and children alike.(如果你想带着历史的一面去海滩度假，那就去巴巴多斯吧。除了绝佳的自然环境外，该岛还有丰富的文化体验，对成人和儿童都很有吸引力和教育意义)”可知，那些想体验文化海滩旅行的人可以选择Barbados。故选C。
B
In the US only about 3% of early childhood teachers are male. Experts say this may have a great influence on young children whose understanding of gender roles and identity is rapidly forming. Research has found that getting access to different teachers is of benefit to children. This means the youngest learners are more likely to be exposed to a wide variety of games and communication. It can also help them develop healthy ideas about gender.
“In our society and world we tend to have very specific stereotypes (刻板印象) of gender roles,” said Mindi Reich-Shapiro, an assistant professor in the Borough of Manhattan Community College, and one of the authors of a recent study. “It’s necessary for the kids to see other possibilities and paths they can choose.”
Although they largely felt supported by colleagues and families, many male teachers surveyed stated that in their career as early education teachers, they did face social and cultural resistance. Some even noted that the parents were surprised or concerned when they found a male teacher with their kids. Moreover, the male teachers were sometimes advised not to hug children.
Reich-Shapiro and other researchers have made some suggestions to increase the number of male early education teachers. Low wages have long been considered as a major problem in this field. More than 70% of male teachers said they intended to stay in the early education workforce, and pointed out that the major motivator for their commitment to their long-term career was an increased salary. Thus, the report recommended that all preschool educators be paid as much as the primary school teachers. The government should establish support groups and provide guidance and professional advice for male early education educators.
Reich-Shapiro said that traditional recruitment methods for early childhood teachers could not handle the gender gap in the field. He suggests providing young individuals with opportunities to stay and work with children either through training or voluntary programs, targeting groups of men who are considering changing their jobs, such as fathers and fathers-to-be.
4. How is the early childhood education in the US
A. It neglects gender roles. B. It lacks male teachers.
C. It influences kids’ understanding. D. It exposes kids to adventures.
5. What is learned about the male teachers in the study
A. They find it awkward to hug children. B. They fail to meet the parents’ expectations.
C. They can’t keep up with female colleagues. D. They feel distrusted socially and culturally.
6. What is important for men to be committed to early childhood education
A. Higher pay. B. Job security. C. Social recognition. D. Better workplace.
7. What can be the best title for the passage
A. Early education: a specific target B. Early education: a challenging field
C. Male preschool teachers: a vital necessity D. Male preschool teachers: a potential career
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国的幼儿教育缺少男教师的现象，指出男性教师面临的问题以及解决的建议。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In the US only about 3% of early childhood teachers are male.(在美国，只有3%的幼儿教师是男性)”可知，美国的幼儿教育缺少男教师。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Although they largely felt supported by colleagues and families, many male teachers surveyed stated that in their career as early education teachers, they did face social and cultural resistance. Some even noted that the parents were surprised or concerned when they found a male teacher with their kids.(尽管他们在很大程度上感到得到了同事和家庭的支持，但许多接受调查的男教师表示，在他们作为早教教师的职业生涯中，他们确实面临着社会和文化的阻力。一些人甚至指出，当家长们发现一名男老师和他们的孩子在一起时，他们感到惊讶或担心)”可知，研究中的男教师在社会和文化上感到不被信任。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“More than 70% of male teachers said they intended to stay in the early education workforce, and pointed out that the major motivator for their commitment to their long-term career was an increased salary.(超过70%的男教师表示，他们打算留在早教队伍中，并指出，他们致力于长期职业生涯的主要动力是加薪)”可知，对于男性来说，更高的薪水是重要的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the US only about 3% of early childhood teachers are male. Experts say this may have a great influence on young children whose understanding of gender roles and identity is rapidly forming. Research has found that getting access to different teachers is of benefit to children. This means the youngest learners are more likely to be exposed to a wide variety of games and communication. It can also help them develop healthy ideas about gender.(在美国，只有3%的幼儿教师是男性。专家表示，这可能会对正在迅速形成对性别角色和身份的理解的幼儿产生重大影响。研究发现，接触不同的老师对孩子们有好处。这意味着最年轻的学习者更有可能接触到各种各样的游戏和交流。它还可以帮助他们形成健康的性别观念)”结合文章主要说明了美国的幼儿教育缺少男教师的现象，指出男性教师面临的问题以及解决的建议。可知，C选项“男幼师：至关重要”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
Plants may tell us when they’re in trouble. Thirsty tomato and tobacco plants make clicking sounds, researchers have found. The sounds are ultrasonic (超声波的), meaning they are too high-pitched for human ears to hear. But when the sounds are transformed to lower pitches, they sound like popping bubbles (爆破的泡泡). Plants also make clicks when their stems (茎) are cut.
“It’s not like the plants are screaming,” says Lilach Hadany, an evolutionary biologist working at Tel Aviv University in Israel. “Plants may not mean to make these noises. We’ve shown only that plants create informative sounds.”
Hadany and her colleagues first heard the clicks when they set microphones next to plants on tables in a lab. The microphones caught some noises. But the researchers needed to make sure that the clicking was coming from the plants. So, the scientists placed plants inside soundproof boxes in the basement, far from the noise of the lab. There, microphones picked up ultrasonic pops from thirsty tomato plants. Though it was outside humans’ hearing range, the clicking made by plants was about as loud as a normal conversation.
Cut tomato plants and dry or cut tobacco plants clicked, too. But plants that had enough water or hadn’t been cut stayed mostly quiet. Wheat, corn and grapevines also made sounds when stressed out.
The researchers don’t yet know why plants click. Bubbles forming and then popping inside plant tissues that transport water might make the noises. But however they happen, pops from crops could help farmers, the researchers suggest. Microphones, for example, could monitor fields or greenhouses to detect when plants need to be irrigated (灌溉).
Hadany wonders whether other plants and insects already tune into plant pops. Other studies have suggested that plants respond to sounds. And animals from pests (害虫), moths to mice can hear in the range of the ultrasonic clicks. Sounds made by plants could be heard from around five meters away. Hadany’s team is now studying what the living things near the plants will do after hearing the sounds.
8. What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. Interpreting plant sounds isn’t easy.
B. Plants sound off when they’re in trouble.
C. It’s interesting to hear the sounds of plants.
D. Plants make sounds in a different way from humans.
9 Why did the scientists put plants inside soundproof boxes in the basement
A. To enjoy the sounds made by the plants.
B. To have a better conversation with the plants.
C. To find out whether the plants did make sounds.
D. To keep the plant sounds within their hearing range.
10. In what way can microphones be used to benefit plants
A. Weed prevention. B. Pest control.
C. Temperature monitoring. D. Timely irrigation.
11. What still remains unknown to Hadany’s team
A. Whether the sounds of plants can travel far.
B. Whether animals can hear the sounds of plants.
C. How the neighbors of plants respond to their sounds.
D. How plants and animals communicate with each other.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员发现植物遇到麻烦时会发出声音，麦克风可以捕捉这些声音，检测植物何时需要灌溉使植物受益。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段讲到“Plants may tell us when they’re in trouble. Thirsty tomato and tobacco plants make clicking sounds, researchers have found. (植物可能会告诉我们它们什么时候有麻烦。研究人员发现，口渴的番茄和烟草会发出咔嗒声)”可知，第一段的主旨是植物遇到麻烦时会发出声音。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“But the researchers needed to make sure that the clicking was coming from the plants. So, the scientists placed plants inside soundproof boxes in the basement, far from the noise of the lab. (但研究人员需要确保这种滴答声来自植物。因此，科学家们把植物放在地下室的隔音箱里，远离实验室的噪音。)”可知，科学家们把植物放在地下室的隔音箱里是为了弄清这些植物是否会发出声音。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“Microphones, for example, could monitor fields or greenhouses to detect when plants need to be irrigated (灌溉). (例如，麦克风可以监控田地或温室，以检测植物何时需要灌溉)”可知，麦克风可以通过检测植物何时需要灌溉使植物受益，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一句讲到“Hadany’s team is now studying what the living things near the plants will do after hearing the sounds. (哈达尼的团队正在研究植物附近的生物在听到声音后会做什么。)”可知，哈达尼的团队还不知道的是植物的邻居对它们的声音有什么反应，故选C。
D
Sportsmen in the running races of the Olympics are great athletes, but even the slow runners of the running world —joggers in the park —have good health. A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.
The new study focused on a group of more than 55, 000 men and women aged 18 to 100. About a quarter of them were runners. Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.
The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. A 2013 study in Denmark suggested that the secret of maximum longevity is up to 2. 5 hours of running a week.
Although running can make you less likely to have cardiovascular disease, it doesn’t entirely take the risk away from you. “There is no question that the healthier you are and the more exercise you do, the longer you’ll live and the better your quality of life will be,” Dr. Baggish says. “But it doesn’t mean you’ll never get sick.”
“Many long-term runners do not run because they want to live longer,” Dr. Baggish notes. “They run because it makes them feel better every day.”
For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.
12. What does the new study mainly show us
A. The best way to run. B. The best time to run.
C. The importance of running. D. The popularity of running.
13. What does Dr. Baggish say about cardiovascular disease
A. It can result from running often. B. It’s not completely preventable.
C. It’s not so serious as most people think. D. It can be treated by some kind of exercise.
14. What’s Dr. Baggish’s suggestion for someone doing exercise
A. Staying active all the time. B. Swimming more, run less.
C. Having a big rest after doing sports. D. Taking a little light exercise.
15 In which part of a newspaper can you most probably find this text
A. Health. B. Business. C. Society. D. Medicine.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命。研究表明，相对较低的运动量就能获得慢跑的好处，但更频繁地锻炼可能会更好。此外，作者还提到了“积极休息”的概念，即在一年内花费25%的运动时间以慢跑或进行其他活动如游泳或骑车。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“ A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.(本周发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上的一项研究发现，与根本不跑步相比，即使每天慢跑5到10分钟，也足以延长几年的寿命。)”可知，该研究讲述了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命，故强调了跑步的重要性。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“About a quarter of them were runners, Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.(大约四分之一的人是跑步者。在15年的时间里，与那些根本不跑步的人相比，那些每周只跑50分钟或更少的慢速跑步的人死于心血管疾病或其他原因的可能性更小。)”以及第三段中“The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. (该研究表明，相对而言，慢跑所需要的运动量较小，但更频繁地锻炼可能会更好。Aaron Baggish博士说：“一点点是好的，但多一点可能更好。”)”可知，根据研究发现，每周只跑50分钟或更少的慢速跑步的人死于心血管疾病或其他原因的可能性更小，所以Baggish博士认为慢跑需要的运动量较小，但如果更频繁的锻炼会有更好的效果，由此推断心血管疾病可以通过某种运动来治疗（缓解）。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” (对于这些跑步者来说，感觉良好的代价可能是受伤，所以Baggish博士支持他所谓的“积极休息”的价值。)”以及“ His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.(他认为，在一年中，花25%的锻炼时间以慢速跑步或做其他活动，如游泳或骑自行车，是一个好主意，但这一观点并未得到任何近期研究的支持。)”可知，Baggish博士他所谓的“积极休息”的价值即建议在一年中花25%的锻炼时间以慢速跑步或做其他活动，如游泳或骑自行车，即他建议在一年里要有一些运动时间。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“ A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.(本周发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上的一项研究发现，与根本不跑步相比，即使每天慢跑5到10分钟，也足以延长几年的寿命。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命。故推断文章出现在报纸的健康部分中。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humanities departments(人文院系)in America are once again being cut down. Earlier this month, the State University of New York(SUNY)StonyBrook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s well-known departments for lack of fund. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics. ____16____In the UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. In June 2015, the Japanese minister of education sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical.
These are hard times. Instead of Shakespeare or French, there will be(perhaps there already are)college classes in how to cut corporate spending. ____17____But the only opportunity has been lost if they are denied the opportunity to study foreign languages, the classics, literature, philosophy, music, theater and art in the university. When else in their busy lives will they get that chance
___18___. Essays explain why we need these subjects, and what their loss will mean. These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to see both sides of an issue;to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly.
I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person. ___19___. Studying philosophy teaches us about those who have gone before us. A foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities touch those aspects of awareness that we call intellect and heart. ____20____
A. These subjects are under attack
B. Students need practical skills to find jobs
C. Defenses of the humanities have appeared
D. This problem has also arisen internationally
E. Therefore, courses in the humanities are beneficial
F. It helps us learn how to think and live in a harmonious society
G. But they can expand our sense of what humans can accomplish and create
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了因为经费不足，美国的部分大学正准备削减人文学科，且这个问题在国际上也出现了。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Earlier this month, the State University of New York(SUNY)StonyBrook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s well-known departments for lack of fund. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics.(本月早些时候，纽约州立大学石溪分校(SUNY)宣布了一项计划，由于缺乏资金，该校将放弃几个知名院系。匹兹堡大学削减了德语和古典文学课程)”；下文“In the UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. (在英国，米德尔塞克斯大学决定逐步取消哲学系)”以及“In June 2015, the Japanese minister of education sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical. (2015年6月，日本文部科学大臣致信日本国立大学校长，建议他们关闭人文社会科学的研究生和本科院系，专注于更实用的学科)”可知，后文提到了英国和日本都有关闭哲学和人文社会科学的举措，说明这个问题在国际上也出现了。故D选项“这个问题在国际上也出现了”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Instead of Shakespeare or French, there will be(perhaps there already are) college classes in how to cut corporate spending.(大学将开设（或许已经开设）如何削减企业开支的课程，而不是莎士比亚或法语)”可知，上文提到了将开设如何削减企业开支的课程，说明更加注重实用技能了。故B项“学生需要实用技能来找工作”符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Essays explain why we need these subjects, and what their loss will mean. These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to see both sides of an issue;to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly. (文章解释了我们为什么需要这些学科，以及它们的消失意味着什么。这些领域的学习为我们提供了批判性和独立思考的能力；看到一个问题的正反两面;透过我们被告知的事情的表面看下去；欣赏语言帮助我们更清楚地相互理解的方式)”可知，本段的主旨是反对取消人文学科。C项“对人文学科的辩护出现了”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person.(我不认为人文学科可以让你成为一个体面的人)”以及后文“Studying philosophy teaches us about those who have gone before us.(学习哲学能让我们了解前人)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，进一步说明作者对于人文学科的看法，故G项“但它们可以扩展我们对人类所能完成和创造的东西的认识”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Studying philosophy teach-es us about those who have gone before us. A foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities can touch those aspects of awareness that we call intellect and heart. (学习哲学可以让我们了解前人；学习外语使我们更接近与我们共同生活在同一星球上的人；学习人文学科可以触及我们称之为智力和心灵的意识领域。)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，总结学习人文学科是有益的。故E项“因此，人文学科的课程是有益的”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the fall of 2008, I was looking to leave my current job in a doctor’s office to explore something more ____21____. So I started investigating the new world of travel nursing. With a bit of ____22____, I was connected to Carlyn.
At this time, I am working on all areas of my life...... in the ____23____of becoming a stronger, more confident person, and ____24____more about who I am. Without amazing, enthusiastic and supportive Carlyn, I wouldn’t be where I am today. For the past 2 years, Carlyn and I stayed in ____25____through email, facebook, and a periodic phone call, becoming friends…. I had a whole view of all the things she was ____26____in her life and it inspired me much.
I was anxious to ____27____Carlyn face-to-face for the first time. But, as soon as she ____28____in front of my house, it was like we had done it a million times before. This “my friends” is the ____29____ of the human connection that she talks about. It takes two people from ____30____to friends!
Now as fate would have it, Carlyn has ____31____my world. So now, I hope to repay her ____32____for all that she has helped me ____33____. I am fortunate to be part of a friendship that is a by-product of her ____34____. She continues to inspire me and I hope to learn and meet more through her ____35____.
21. A. complicated B. universal C. challenging D. profitable
22. A. confidence B. luck C. fear D. pride
23. A. power B. hope C. absence D. sense
24. A. learning B. complaining C. discussing D. worrying
25. A. shape B. order C. place D. touch
26. A. abandoning B. explaining C. experiencing D. delivering
27. A. meet B. phone C. persuade D. inform
28. A. put away B. backed down C. carried on D. pulled up
29. A. trick B. power C. choice D. origin
30. A. students B. workmates C. strangers D. learners
31. A. influenced B. left C. explored D. enjoyed
32. A. as a result B. by accident C. with a bang D. in a way
33. A. suspect B. accomplish C. witness D. appreciate
34. A. anxiety B. persistence C. charity D. passion
35. A. recovery B. comparison C. example D. diligence
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了好朋友卡琳帮助作者，影响作者，改变作者，让作者非常珍惜两者的友谊。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2008年秋天，我想离开现在在医生办公室的工作，去探索更有挑战性的东西。A. complicated复杂的；B. universal普遍的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. profitable赢利的。根据后文“So I started investigating the new world of travel nursing”可知，作者想开始旅行护理，这应该是一个有挑战性的事。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我联系上了卡琳。A. confidence信心；B. luck好运；C. fear害怕；D. pride骄傲。根据后文“Without amazing, enthusiastic and supportive Carlyn, I wouldn’t be where I am today.”可知，卡琳给了作者很多帮助，所以是幸运的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个时候，我正在努力在我生活的各个领域......希望成为一个更坚强、更自信的人，并更多地了解自己。A. power能力；B. hope希望；C. absence缺乏；D. sense感觉。根据后文“becoming a stronger, more confident person”可知，成为一个更坚强、更自信的人，应该是作者希望成为这样的人。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：在这个时候，我正在努力在我生活的各个领域......希望成为一个更坚强、更自信的人，并更多地了解自己。A. learning学习；B. complaining抱怨；C. discussing讨论；D. worrying担心。根据前文“becoming a stronger, more confident person”和后文“who I am”结合选项，可知作者想成为一个更坚强、更自信的人，所以此处应是“更多地了解自己”符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的两年里，我和Carlyn通过电子邮件、facebook和定期打电话保持联系，成为了朋友...。A. shape形状；B. order秩序；C. place地方；D. touch接触。根据后文“through email, facebook, and a periodic phone call”可知，通过电子邮件、facebook和定期打电话，应是保持联系，此处是固定搭配：stay in touch意为“保持联系”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她生活中经历的所有事情都有一个完整的看法，这给了我很大的启发。A. abandoning放弃；B. explaining解释；C. experiencing经历；D. delivering递送。根据前文“I had a whole view of all the things”以及后文“in her life”结合选项，应是“对她生活中经历的所有事情都有一个完整的看法”符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想和卡琳第一次面对面地见面。A. meet会面；B. phone打电话；C. persuade说服；D. inform通知。根据后文“But, as soon as she 8 in front of my house, it was like we had done it a million times before.”可知，卡琳来作者家，所以是第一次面对面地见面。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当她把车停在我家门前时，感觉就像我们以前做过无数次一样。A. put away放好；B. backed down让步；C. carried on继续；D. pulled up减速停下。根据后文“in front of my house”结合选项可知，应是“车停在我家门前”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种“我的朋友们”就是她所说的人际关系的力量。A. trick把戏；B. power力量；C. choice选择；D. origin起源。根据后文“It takes two people from 10 to friends!”可知，能把陌生人变成朋友，这就是人际关系的力量。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这需要两个人从陌生人变成朋友!A. students学生；B. workmates同事；C. strangers陌生人；D. learners学习者。根据前文“It takes two people”以及后文的friends，结合选项可知，应该是从陌生人变成朋友符合语境。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：命中注定，卡琳影响了我的世界。A. influenced影响；B. left离开；C. explored探索；D. enjoyed享受。根据前文“Without amazing, enthusiastic and supportive Carlyn, I wouldn’t be where I am today.”可知，没有卡琳，就没有现在的“我”，所以是影响了作者的世界。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以现在，我希望以某种方式回报她帮助我完成的一切。A. as a result因此；B. by accident偶然；C. with a bang非常成功地；D. in a way用某种方法(做某事)。根据后文“I hope to repay her”结合选项，可知，作者是想以某种方式回报卡琳符合语境。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以现在，我希望以某种方式回报她帮助我完成的一切。A. suspect怀疑；B. accomplish完成；C. witness见证；D. appreciate理解。根据前文“I hope to repay her 12 for all”结合选项可知，应是“回报她帮助我完成的一切”符合语境。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能成为她的友谊的一部分，这是她激情的副产品。A. anxiety焦虑；B. persistence坚持；C. charity慈善；D. passion激情。根据前文“Without amazing, enthusiastic and supportive Carlyn, I wouldn’t be where I am today.”可知，卡琳是一个热情的人，所以是她激情的副产品。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她继续激励着我，我希望通过她的榜样学习和认识更多的人。A. recovery恢复；B. comparison比较；C. example榜样；D. diligence勤奋。根据前文“She continues to inspire me”可知，卡琳激励着作者，所以是以她为榜样。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse ___36___ (award) the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature in the previous month for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse ___37___ “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”, although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, ___38___ (begin) with The Red and the Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry.
Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea. He draws ___39___ (inspire) from his rural living environment and personal struggles, which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning in life. ___40___ (addition), his battles with depression have enabled ___41___ (he) to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson, Chairman of the Noble Prize Committee. “___42___ is special about him is the closeness in his writing. It touches your ___43___ (deep) feelings — anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death, ___44___ are things that every human being actually face s from the very beginning. In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is ____45____ universal impact of everything that he writes — it has appeal to this basic humanity.”
【答案】36. was awarded
37. as 38. beginning
39. inspiration
40. Additionally
41. him 42. What
43. deepest
44. which 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上个月，挪威剧作家兼作家乔恩·福斯被授予2023年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“创新的戏剧和散文，为不可言说的事情发声”。介绍了他的个人经历以及对他的评价。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：上个月，挪威剧作家兼作家乔恩·福斯被授予2023年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“创新的戏剧和散文，为不可言说的事情发声”。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in the previous month为一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse，谓语用单数。故填was awarded。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：瑞典文学院称赞福西是“世界上演出最广泛的剧作家之一”，尽管64岁的福西最初是以小说家的身份出名的，1983年他的作品是《红与黑》。表示“称赞”短语为credit sb. as…故填as。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞典文学院称赞福西是“世界上演出最广泛的剧作家之一”，尽管64岁的福西最初是以小说家的身份出名的，1983年他的作品是《红与黑》。分析句子结构可知begin与逻辑主语the 64-year-old构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填beginning。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：他从自己的乡村生活环境和个人奋斗中汲取灵感，这深深影响了他独特的写作风格。作宾语，应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，他与抑郁症的斗争使他能够探索人类情感的深处和存在的绝望。修饰后文句子，应用副词additionally，首字母大写。故填Additionally。
41题详解】
考查代词。句意：此外，他与抑郁症的斗争使他能够探索人类情感的深处和存在的绝望。作动词的宾语，应用宾格him。故填him。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：他的特别之处在于他的作品的亲密性。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。
【43题详解】
考查最高级。句意：它触动了你最深的感受——焦虑、不安全感、生与死的问题，这些是每个人从一开始就面临的事情。表示“最深的”应用最高级deepest。故填deepest。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它触动了你最深的感受——焦虑、不安全感、生与死的问题，这些是每个人从一开始就面临的事情。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：从这个意义上说，我认为他走得很远，他所写的一切都有一个普遍的影响——它吸引了这种基本的人性。impact此处为泛指，且universal是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者。写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：
1. 个人感悟；
2. 如何准备；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Delighted to know your interest in my voluntary work in the Asian Games held in Hangzhou. I’m writing to share my experience.
Challenging as the work was, it was a glorious moment for me to be a volunteer in Hangzhou. I was totally impressed by the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within. As a volunteer, it would help if you are familiar with the rules of the game and wear a warm smile whenever you are needed for help.
Go ahead and sign up! I bet you’ll find it rewarding
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华， 刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作， 你的新加坡好友David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者. 写信向你询问相关情况， 请你用英语给他写一封回信， 内容包括：1. 个人感悟；2. 如何准备；3. 表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
完全：totally→entirely
尽管：as→though
无论什么时候：whenever→no matter when
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： I was totally impressed by the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within.
拓展句：It was the charm of different sports and the sportsmanship spirit within that totally impressed me.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Delighted to know your interest in my voluntary work in the Asian Games held in Hangzhou. I’m writing to share my experience.(运用了形容词作状语)
【高分句型2】Challenging as the work was, it was a glorious moment for me to be a volunteer in Hangzhou.(运用了as引导的状语从句和倒装句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago, I was at a girls, school and our teacher made all the girls in the class sit next to someone different every day.
On one of the days, my teacher paired Madhuri, who I had never talked to, and me to sit next to each other. I noticed that she seemed very anxious. I asked her what was wrong. She remained silent at first, but eventually, she told me that she had three sisters in her family and that her father couldn’t afford school books for all of them.
My primary school was strict, as was the standard then, and if you didn’t have your school books the teacher would make you leave the class. Madhuri was very anxious that day because she thought that the teacher would tell her to leave the class. When the teacher saw that she didn’t have the books, he told Madhuri that she couldn’t attend class for a week.
Madhuri was very sad. I felt so bad when I saw her pain that I decided to help her. I went to speak to her and offered to buy the books for her. She refused my offer to help. She had very strong principles and she would never accept things bought by others.
When I got home from school I told my mom the story. She said that it was good that I had tried to help but I should stop worrying about it because there was nothing more that I could do if she had refused my offer to help. I couldn’t stop worrying about it though. Then I had an idea. My elder brother, who had once used the same series of books, graduated from school last year. Why not turn to him for help
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Maybe those old books were the solution to the problem.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Maybe those old books were the solution to the problem. They wouldn’t cost anything so Madhuri could accept without any pressure. I went to mom and my brother immediately. After hearing Madhuri’s situation and my plan, my brother was quite willing to help. We sorted out the needed books for Madhuri together very quickly. Looking at the neatly piled books, I felt quite satisfied and delighted but suddenly a concern flashed across my mind, “Would Madhuri mind they are second-hand books ”
The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school. Not knowing whether she would accept the books or not, I knocked at the door nervously. When the door opened, I could see her surprised expression. Hearing that these books were old books of my brother, she accepted them without hesitation. I also got a weight off my mind. On the way to school, I could see from her face how happy she was. From that day on, something changed and as the days passed and the years moved on, Madhuri and I became best friends.
【解析】
【导语】本篇读后续写以人物为线索，许多年前，作者在上学时，和一个名叫Madhuri的女孩做同桌，作者发现她很焦虑，询问得知她家庭贫困买不起课本，作者想帮助Madhuri，但直接买对方并不接受，因此作者想到送旧书给她，Madhuri最终感动接受，两人成为了好朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“也许那些旧书就是问题的解决方法。”可知，第一段可描写作者去找哥哥，两个人整理出Madhuri需要的书，准备送给她。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我早早起床以便在去学校之前先去她家”可知，第二段可描写作者给Madhuri送课本的过程，以及Madhuri接受课本情况。
2.续写线索：想出办法——找哥哥——整理旧书——送去旧书——惊讶——接受——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.帮助：help/assist/do sb a favor
②.接受/采纳：accept/take
情绪类
①. 满意的：content/satisfied
②. 高兴的：pleased/ delighted/happy
③惊讶的：surprised/amazed/shocked
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Not knowing whether she would accept the books or not, I knocked at the door nervously.（运用了现在分词作状语及whether引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. When the door opened, I could see her surprised expression.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句及过去分词surprised作定语）
