石室天府中学高2023级星火班高一入学考试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
1. What is the man’s grandmother doing
A. Having a swim. B. Reading an email. C. Taking a bath.
2. When will the woman’s friend arrive
A. At 11:05. B. At 10:45. C. At 10:20.
3. What will the speakers do first
A. Have a cup of tea. B. See the elephants. C. Watch the dolphin show.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Which play to see. B. Where to buy a family ticket.
C. How to celebrate their mother’s birthday.
5. What is the man going to buy on Tuesday
A. A book. B. A magazine. C. A newspaper.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the man’s problem
A. He got a broken DVD. B. He couldn’t play the DVD. C. He bought a wrong DVD.
7. What does the man want to do
A. Have his money back. B. Get a better copy of the same film.
C. Exchange his DVD for something else.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What do we know about the woman
A She often eats out with her family.
B. She works in a pizza restaurant.
C. She likes going to cafes.
9. Why does the man want to go to the cafe in the town center
A. To drink coffee there. B. To taste the ice cream there. C. To enjoy the great service there.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What relation is the man to Linda
A. Her son. B. Her husband. C. Her neighbor.
11. Where does Linda work
A. At a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bank
12.What does the man do on Saturday
A. He does some cleaning. B. He washes clothes. C. He goes shopping.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What does the man think of Flower Arranging
A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Practical.
14Why doesn’t the man want to take Photography
A. It lasts too long. B. It’s too expensive. C. It started last week.
15.What course do the speakers decide to take in the end
A. Indian Cooking. B. Web Design for Beginners. C. Italian Wine.
16.What will the speakers do tomorrow morning
A. Go to the course centre. B. Make a telephone call. C. Attend an Indian party.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What do we know about the film
A. It’s about nature. B. It’s a children’s film. C. It has won an international prize.
18.When does the museum close
A. At 5 pm. B. At 6 pm. C. At 7 pm.
19.What can children do at the basement
A. Draw pictures on computers.
B. Watch a working steam engine.
C. See a lifesized model of a spaceship.
20. How will the listeners get in touch with the program to get free tickets
A. By letter. B. By email. C. By phone
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 阅读下面短文，根据文章选择最恰当的选项。(有15个小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership.
Recently, a new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation. Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environment-friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found.
The new study, carried out by the not-for-profit group Union of Concerned Scientists, represents an attempt to center on how ride-sharing services affect pollution. The research examined the effects of ride-sharing services on seven of America’s largest cities.
Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now “result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace.” The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike, scooter or on foot.
One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups. This situation, known as “deadheading”, takes up about 42 percent of all ride-sharing driving activity, the study found. The researchers said that deadheading results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle. Both Uber and Lyft do offer a choice of a “pooled” ride, which involves drivers picking up additional riders during the same trip.
The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to work to increase the number of pooled rides. It also urges the two companies to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers.
Both Uber and Lyft have said in the past that most studies on the subject overstate the effects of their services on pollution. They have noted that the majority of vehicles on the road belong to private individuals or companies. Uber told Reuters news agency in a statement it had no comment on the latest report. But the company said it aims to be part of the solution to address climate change by working directly with cities. The statement added that Uber would continue to promote pooled trips and other means of transportation.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Para. 4 refer to
A. The researchers. B. Ride-sharing trips.
C. The same passengers. D. Environment-friendly methods of travel.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most studies have overstated the effects of Uber’s and Lyft’s services on pollution.
B. Ride-sharing services are playing an active role in dealing with climate change.
C. People may be discouraged from taking public transportation due to ride-sharing services.
D. Climate pollution resulting from ride-sharing trips has increased by 69 percent on average.
3. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities.
B. The reasons for more pollution caused by ride-sharing services have been found.
C. Ride-sharing trips lead to more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation.
D. The disadvantages of ride-sharing trips outweigh the advantages they have brought to people.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拼车服务通常被认为有助于减少污染。但研究发现，共享汽车的使用反而增加了污染。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now “result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace.”(总的来说，研究人员报告说，拼车出行现在“造成的气候污染平均比they取代的出行多69%”)”可知，they代指前文提到的拼车出行，也就是Ride-sharing trips。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, a new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation. Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environment-friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found.(最近，一项新的研究发现，拼车服务比其他类型的私人和公共交通工具造成的污染要多得多。研究发现，拼车出行还会让乘客放弃更环保的出行方式，比如公共交通、步行或骑自行车)”可知，由于拼车服务，人们可能会不愿乘坐公共交通工具。故选BC项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Recently, a new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation.(最近，一项新的研究发现，拼车服务比其他类型的私人和公共交通工具造成的污染要多得多)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了与其他私人和公共交通工具相比，拼车出行造成的污染更大。故选C项。
B
Many people dream of becoming a programmer for a leading tech company, as such work can secure a high salary that is envied by many. However, it may also mean having routinely to accept overtime work.
Recently, a programmer created a project called “996.ICU” on , the well-known code-sharing website. The project criticized the “996 work schedule” where employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit (ICU).
The work schedule is common among Chinese tech companies. On the website, many programmers working for China’s tech companies shared evidence showing that their companies asked them to work the long hours. Among them were major names like e-commerce leaders Alibaba and , as well as telecoms equipment manufacturer Huawei.
Several bosses of tech companies have defended “996” as a kind of work culture. Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, said it’s “a huge blessing” for young workers to work “996”. “If you don’t do ‘996’ when you’re young, when will you ” Ma said, according to a post on Alibaba’s WeChat account. “If you don’t invest more time and energy than others, how will you achieve the success you want ”
However, People’s Daily said that those who questioned “996” should not be labeled. “Valuing hard work does not equal forcing employees to work overtime,” commented the newspaper. “One should not attach the moral labels of ‘slackers’ or ‘not willing to strive’ to employees who are against ‘996’.”
Meanwhile, Cui Zhendong, a lawyer with the Yiqian Law Firm, said that it is illegal for a company to introduce a compulsory “996” work schedule for employees, since the Labor Law clearly states that the working hours of an employee should not exceed an average of eight hours daily, or 44 hours a week. Employers may extend working hours after consultation with an employee, but shall not exceed three hours a day or 36 hours a month.
A senior developer with the e-commerce giant Alibaba, who asked not to be named to protect his career, said employers seldom say the schedule is compulsory, but failure to follow the rules could lead to low performance scores and layoffs. “Refusal to overwork can also lead to losing your annual bonus, which is a lot of money,” he said.
“When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job, therefore they turn to cyberspace,” Jiang Ying, a professor of law said.
To better protect workers from harsh treatment, Jiang suggested that the systems for appealing to the court of law should be beefed up.
4 What can we infer from the passage
A. The “996”work schedule is merely a rare case among companies.
B. The “996” work schedule is a newly invented system that is unique to China.
C. People’s Daily thinks it forgivable to criticize those who challenge the “996” work schedule.
D. In reality it’s so difficult for employees to defend their right against overwork through law.
5. How many hours is an employee permitted to work at most per day by law
A. 3. B. 8. C. 9. D. 11.
6. What does the underlined phrase “beefed up” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Improved. B. Banned. C. Exposed. D. Encouraged.
7. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A government report. B. A newspaper.
C. A scientific essay. D. A code-sharing website.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了中国科技公司程序员面临的长时间工作制度“996”引发的争议和讨论，呼吁更好的保护员工权益。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“A senior developer with the e-commerce giant Alibaba, who asked not to be named to protect his career, said employers seldom say the schedule is compulsory, but failure to follow the rules could lead to low performance scores and layoffs. “Refusal to overwork can also lead to losing your annual bonus, which is a lot of money,” he said.(电子商务巨头阿里巴巴的一名高级开发人员表示，雇主很少说时间表是强制性的，但不遵守规则可能会导致低绩效得分和裁员。为了保护自己的职业生涯，他要求匿名。他说：“拒绝加班还会让你失去年终奖，那可是一大笔钱。”)”以及倒数第二段““When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job, therefore they turn to cyberspace,” Jiang Ying, a professor of law said.(法学教授姜英表示：“诉诸法律体系寻求保护需要付出代价：时间、金钱和丢掉工作的风险，因此他们转向网络空间。”)”可推知，在现实中，因为各种原因——时间、金钱和丢掉工作的风险，员工很难通过法律来捍卫自己的权利。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Meanwhile, Cui Zhendong, a lawyer with the Yiqian Law Firm, said that it is illegal for a company to introduce a compulsory “996” work schedule for employees, since the Labor Law clearly states that the working hours of an employee should not exceed an average of eight hours daily, or 44 hours a week. Employers may extend working hours after consultation with an employee, but shall not exceed three hours a day or 36 hours a month.(与此同时，益谦律师事务所律师崔振东表示，公司强制员工实行“996”工作制是违法的，因为《劳动法》明确规定，员工的平均工作时间不得超过每天8小时，即每周44小时。用人单位与劳动者协商后，可以延长工作时间，但每天不得超过3小时，每月不得超过36小时)”可知，法律允许员工每天最多工作8+3=11小时。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段““When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job, therefore they turn to cyberspace,” Jiang Ying, a professor of law said.(法学教授姜英表示：“诉诸法律体系寻求保护需要付出代价:：时间、金钱和丢掉工作的风险，因此他们转向网络空间。”)”以及“To better protect workers from harsh treatment(为了更好地保护工人免受恶劣待遇)”可知，员工很难通过法律来捍卫自己的权利，所以为了更好地保护工人，应是加强法律制度，推知beefed up是“加强”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Recently, a programmer created a project called “996.ICU” on , the well-known code-sharing website. The project criticized the “996 work schedule” where employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit (ICU).(最近，一个程序员创建了一个名为“996.ICU”的项目。在著名的代码共享网站上。该项目批评了“996工作制”，即员工从早上9点工作到晚上9点，每周工作6天，最后可能会进重症监护室(ICU))”以及纵观全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，通过介绍“996.ICU”项目，引出对中国科技公司程序员面临的长时间工作制度“996”的讨论，所以本文来自一份报纸。故选B项。
C
Since App Store was set up, it has been selling consumers one simple thing: choice. Whether you wanted to play games, read the news, or do a thousand other things, there was something for whatever you desired.
Then something funny happened. Logging into the App Store today is like going into a shopping mall with only a coupon (优惠券) for one thing: There’s so much choice; it might be easier to give up than to choose.
It isn’t just consumers who are burdened, though. Too much content of all kinds also has economic effects. When countless choices are available, it causes pressure, pushing prices down and driving us a bit crazy.
So what is the way forward Less choice itself may be a sensible strategy. There are already signs that this is happening. Firstly content companies are looking to prevent their offerings from getting lost in the tons of stuff. Most obvious is Disney, which is planning to open its own streaming service next year. The point is to narrow the focus so that those seeking Disney cartoons will have one place to go, rather than being around various services.
Yet if that represents a careful first step there are more extreme options too. Consider the idea of a wine club: from tens of thousands of bottles each year, subscribers pay someone to select the most interesting ones. Perhaps what comes next for digital content is similar — carefully selected offerings from trusted sources that put choices in the hands of customers in order to get rid of the anxiety of choosing.
Up to now, too much choice in digital media has only one solution: the algorithm (运算法则). But we’ve seen the trouble with algorithms on You Tube. They feed you only what you’ve already said you like, not things you may not know you’re into. Worse, they have a tendency to serve up disturbing content. The way forward can’t simply be more or better algorithms.
Instead, it’s time for digital companies to start thinking about how to put limits on things: on how much we can use a device, or what we are available to choose from. As we move further into the digital revolution, what people ask for is clear: Less.
8. Faced with too much choice, consumers are more likely to__________.
A. choose carefully B. feel anxious C. use a coupon D. push down prices
9. What’s the purpose of mentioning the “wine club” in paragraph 5
A. To teach customers how to choose a bottle of wine wisely.
B. To show digital companies how to narrow customers’ focus.
C. To demonstrate what some customers’ extreme options are.
D. To save customers from getting lost in the choice of the APP Store.
10. What can we infer from the passage
A. In order to sell choice better, digital companies should offer less.
B. You Tube tends to feed people what they are possibly interested in.
C. Algorithms can help consumers and companies make better choices.
D. Those seeking Disney cartoons have easy and quick access to them.
11. What do we know about the algorithm
A. It manages to offer what consumers will possibly like
B. It helps to remove disturbing content from digital media
C. It offers consumers things based on what they’ve said they like
D. It’ll solve the problem of having too much choice
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了App商店中过多产品的选择会产生经济影响，它会导致压力和压低价格，这会让我们做选择时变得有点疯狂，所以许多公司采用了不同的方法帮助消费者缩小选择范围。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It isn’t just consumers who are burdened, though. Too much content of all kinds also has economic effects. When countless choices are available, it causes pressure, pushing prices down and driving us a bit crazy.(不过，负担沉重的不仅仅是消费者。各种内容过多也会产生经济影响。当有无数的选择时，它会产生压力，压低价格，让我们有点疯狂)”可知，市场太多的目录选择导致了消费者的焦虑情绪。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Yet if that represents a careful first step, there are more extreme options too. Consider the idea of a wine club: from tens of thousands of bottles each year, subscribers pay someone to select the most interesting ones. Perhaps what comes next for digital content is similar — carefully selected offerings from trusted sources that put choices in the hands of customers in order to get rid of the anxiety of choosing.(然而，如果这是谨慎的第一步，还有更极端的选择。以葡萄酒俱乐部为例：订户每年从成千上万瓶酒中付费，让某人挑选出最有趣的酒。也许接下来的数字内容也会是类似的——从可信来源精心挑选的产品，把选择权交给客户，以摆脱选择的焦虑)”可推知，本段提到“wine club”是为了向数字公司展示如何缩小客户的关注范围，进行举例。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“So what is the way forward Less choice itself may be a sensible strategy.(那么，未来的方向是什么？减少选择本身可能是一个明智的策略)”以及第五段“Perhaps what comes next for digital content is similar — carefully selected offerings from trusted sources that put choices in the hands of customers in order to get rid of the anxiety of choosing.(也许接下来的数字内容也会是类似的——从可信来源精心挑选的产品，把选择权交给客户，以摆脱选择的焦虑)”以及最后一段“Instead, it’s time for digital companies to start thinking about how to put limits on things: on how much we can use a device, or what we are available to choose from. As we move further into the digital revolution, what people ask for is clear: Less.(相反，现在是数字公司开始考虑如何限制事物的时候了：限制我们可以使用多少设备，或者我们可以选择什么。随着我们进一步进入数字革命，人们的要求很明显：更少)”可知，从文章中我们可以推断出为了更好地推销选择，数字公司应该提供更少的选择。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Up to now, too much choice in digital media has only one solution: the algorithm (运算法则). But we’ve seen the trouble with algorithms on You Tube. They feed you only what you’ve already said you like, not things you may not know you’re into.(到目前为止，数字媒体中太多的选择只有一个解决方案：算法。但我们已经在youtube上看到了算法的问题。他们只给你提供你已经说过喜欢的东西，而不是你可能不知道自己喜欢的东西)”可知，算法为消费者提供基于他们所说的喜欢的东西。故选C项。
D
British researchers say they have created an artificial intelligence (AI) model that is highly effective at predicting rainfall within the next 90 minutes.
The model was built by scientists at Google-owned research company DeepMind in London. The company partnered with researchers at the University of Exeter in Britain and the Met Office, the British government’s national weather service. The team says tests of the system showed it produced more accurate predictions, or forecasts, for short-term rainfall than other existing systems.
Accurate nowcasting can be a very important tool for preparing for possible weather emergencies. It can be used by officials in the areas of water management, agriculture, air and ground traffic control and outdoor event planning. “We were especially interested in the ability of these models to make predictions on medium to heavy-rain events, which are the events that most impact people and the economy,” the team said. The scientists said their model aims to create predictive “movies” of immediate weather patterns. They said that, unlike other systems, theirs can accurately capture large-scale events, as well as several different rain possibilities. This combination permits “rainfall uncertainties” to be deeply explored.
During the testing process, the team said the model showed “statistically significant” improvements in these areas compared to competing methods. In addition, the researchers reported that a group of more than 50 weather experts from the Met Office rated the AI model to be more accurate and useful in 89 percent of cases than existing forecasting systems.
Despite the study results, researchers admitted that the model still has limitations. They said “more work is needed to improve the accuracy of long-term predictions and the accuracy on rare and intense events.” The team said it will now center on developing new methods to test and measure the model's performance. It will also work to create more specialized systems to work in real-world conditions.
12. What do we know about the new AI model
A. The model is created by researchers of Met Office.
B. The model can predict any rainfall within 90 minutes.
C. The model needs improving in long-term forecasting.
D. The model has been used in real-world conditions.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The difficulty of accurate nowcasting.
B. The relationship between weather forecasting and economy.
C. The necessity of building the new AI model.
D. The principles of the new model.
14. Why does the writer mention the weather experts from the Met Office in paragraph 4
A. To prove the advantage of the new model.
B. To compare the new model with the old systems.
C. To explain the rule of weather forecasting.
D. To show how the existing system works.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Existing Forecasting system Needs Improving
B. AI Predicts Immediate Rainfall Better than Existing Systems
C. New Explorations in Weather Predictions
D. New Methods on Testing the AI Model's Performance
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。英国研究人员创建了一种人工智能模型，可以高效预测未来90分钟内的降雨。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Despite the study results, researchers admitted that the model still has limitations. They said “more work is needed to improve the accuracy of long-term predictions and the accuracy on rare and intense events.”(尽管有这些研究结果，研究人员承认该模型仍然有局限性。他们说“需要做更多的工作来提高长期预测的准确性，以及对罕见和强烈事件的准确性。”)”可知，在长期预测中，该模型需要改进，故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。通读第三段及第一句“Accurate nowcasting can be a very important tool for preparing for possible weather emergencies.(准确的临近预报是为可能发生的天气紧急情况做准备的一个非常重要的工具)”可知，本段主要讲述了构建新的人工智能模型的必要性，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In addition, the researchers reported that a group of more than 50 weather experts from the Met Office rated the AI model to be more accurate and useful in 89 percent of cases than existing forecasting systems.(此外，研究人员报告说，英国气象局的50多名气象专家认为，在89%的情况下，人工智能模型比现有的预报系统更准确和有用)”可知，作者提到了来自英国气象局的气象专家是为了证明新模式的优势，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文及第二段“The team says tests of the system showed it produced more accurate predictions, or forecasts, for short-term rainfall than other existing systems. (该团队表示，对该系统的测试表明，它对短期降雨量的预测比其他现有系统更准确)”可知，本文的最佳标题为AI Predicts Immediate Rainfall Better than Existing Systems(人工智能比现有系统更好地预测即时降雨)。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought soon we would be regularly visiting other planets. ____16____ The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous. Some people believe it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to improve our lives. Why do we continue to explore space, then
____17____ From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places. While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe. With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
With technologies developed for space exploration, we can solve some big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier. ____18____ Originally applied to the space shuttle launch, they have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes to protect buildings and save lives.
Although space exploration demands huge investment, it can actually bring great economic value. The global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year. ____19____ Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts. There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers and research assistants.
Moreover, the amazing work can provide education and inspiration for the next generation. Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly inspiring to witness. These moments shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future. ____20____
A. This is clearly not the case.
B. It is in our nature to explore.
C. The universe is too mysterious to explore.
D. One of these is earthquake shock absorbers.
E. It can also provide a variety of career opportunities.
F. These scientific and technological advances can benefit societies in many areas.
G. When you've seen a man walk on the Moon, you grow up believing anything is possible!
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。探索未知是人类与生俱来的，太空探索技术的发展也能帮助解决人类面临的一些大问题，带来经济效益，创造更多工作机会，且对孩子们来说是一种激励。
【16题详解】
根据上文“In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought soon we would be regularly visiting other planets.（1969年，当尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登上月球时，许多人认为很快我们就会定期访问其他行星）”和下文“The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous. （事实是太空探索是非常困难和危险的）”可知，上文提到人们认为很快就可以定期访问其它行星，下文提到太空探索的艰难，由此推知空处陈述事实并不是人们设想的那样。A项“事实显然并非如此”符合题意，this指代上文人们的设想。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places.（从人类出现在地球上的早期开始，我们对未知的好奇心就一直促使我们不断探索新的领域）”可知，人类对未知的探索是与生俱来的。B项 “探索是我们的天性”符合题意。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“With technologies developed for space exploration, we can solve some big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier.（随着太空探索技术的发展，我们可以解决人类面临的一些大问题，使我们的生活更安全、更容易）”和下文“Originally applied to the space shuttle launch, they have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes to protect buildings and save lives.（它们最初用于航天飞船发射，现在也被设置在地震频率高的城市，以保护建筑物和挽救生命）”可知，上文提到太空探索技术的发展也可以帮助解决人类面临的重大问题，而下文介绍了用于地震频发城市的一项技术，由此推知空处举例介绍一种用于地震的太空探索技术。D项 “其中之一是地震减震器”符合题意，earthquake是关键词，下文的they指代选项中的 earthquake shock absorbers。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Although space exploration demands huge investment, it can actually bring great economic value. The global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year. （虽然太空探索需要巨大的投资，但它实际上可以带来巨大的经济价值。全球太空经济每年以数十亿美元的速度增长） ”和下文“Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts. （太空工业的工作远不止宇航员）”可知，上文提到了太空探索带来的经济效益，而下文则提到了工作，由此推知空处陈述它还带来了工作机会。E项“它也可以提供各种各样的工作机会”符合题意，also表明上下文的并列关系，选项中的It 指代上文的space exploration。故选E。
【20题详解】
空处位于段末，应起总结作用。根据上文“Moreover, the amazing work can provide education and inspiration for the next generation. Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly inspiring to witness. These moments shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.（此外，这些令人惊叹的工作可以为下一代提供教育和灵感。像航天飞机发射或宇航员在月球上行走这样的奇迹是令人难以置信的鼓舞人心的见证。这些时刻一直塑造着孩子们的生活，激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师）”可知，G项 “当你看到一个人在月球上行走，你就会相信一切皆有可能!”符合题意，与上文承接自然，选项中的walk on the moon呼应上文的astronauts walking on the Moon。故选G。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案并填涂在相应的答题卡上。
William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing. Ten years ago, William noticed his six-year old neighbor, Camran, seemed_____21_____ . He’d storm out of the house, shouting at his _____22_____. One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran____23____that his dad wasn’t in his life.
William asked Camran’s mother for_____24_____to take him fishing. Camran was interested from that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw _____25_____changes in Camran’s behaviour. Soon William _____26_____more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.
William and other volunteers_____27_____take 20 to 25 kids out fishing on a boat on weekends. Besides the neighbourhood, William_____28_____local orphanage to invite the kids to spend the day on the water. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat, so William starts by teaching the_____29_____. Then come the life lessons that fishing ______30______: patience, teamwork and the simple joy of ______31______in the outdoors.
So far, this organization has taken more than 600 fishing ______32______with almost 2, 000 fatherless kids. Many kids choose to catch and______33______, but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.
Fishing did have a huge impact on children.______34______, if you know a child who you get on well with, introduce them to fishing. The activity doesn’t matter as much as your______35______in their lives.
21. A. glad B. angry C. sad D. fearful
22. A. mother B. sister C. father D. brother
23. A. remembered B. discussed C. reported D. shared
24. A. advice B. permission C. support D. time
25. A. different B. common C. positive D. right
26. A. tricked B. persuaded C. involved D. forced
27. A. regularly B. actively C. gradually D. carefully
28. A. looks down on B. lives up to C. gets down to D. reaches out to
29. A. measures B. basics C. hobbies D. problems
30. A. sends B. improves C. advocates D. offers
31. A. studying B. working C. relaxing D. creating
32. A. barbecues B. trips C. meals D. parties
33. A. release B. research C. raise D. kill
34. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Rather
35. A. inspiration B. challenge C. action D. presence
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了William Dunn通过建立一个非盈利组织来帮助没有父亲的孩子感受父爱的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十年前，威廉注意到他六岁的邻居卡姆兰似乎很生气。A. glad高兴的；B. angry生气的；C. sad伤心的；D. fearful害怕的。根据下文“He’d storm out of the house, shouting at”可知，卡姆兰很生气。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他冲出房子，对着他母亲大喊大叫。A. mother母亲；B. sister姐妹；C. father父亲；D. brother兄弟。根据下文“Camran____3____that his dad wasn’t in his life”和下文“William asked Camran’s mother”可知，卡姆兰没有父亲，对着自己的母亲喊叫。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡姆兰分享说，他的父亲不在他的生活中。A. remembered记住；B. discussed讨论；C. reported报道；D. shared共享，把……告诉某人。根据上文“William saw the boy outside and started a conversation”可知，威廉与卡姆兰交谈，卡姆兰和他分享说自己没有父亲。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：威廉请求卡姆兰的妈妈允许他带他钓鱼。A. advice建议；B. permission允许；C. support支持；D. time时间。根据下文“take him fishing”并结合常识，带六岁的卡姆兰去钓鱼理应获得他母亲的允许。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两人每周一起钓鱼几次，威廉看到卡姆兰的行为发生了积极的变化。A. different不同的；B. common常见的；C. positive积极的；乐观的；D. right正确的。根据下文“Soon William _____6_____more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.”可知，威廉带更多地孩子去钓鱼，说明这项活动对卡姆兰的行为产生了影响，他的行为有了积极的改变。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，威廉让更多的邻居孩子参与到他的活动中来。A. tricked欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. involved牵涉；包含；D. forced迫使。根据下文“take 20 to 25 kids out fishing”可知，威廉让更多的孩子参与到这项活动中来。involve sb. in sth.“让某人参与某事”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在周末，威廉和其他志愿者经常带着20到25个孩子去租船钓鱼。A. regularly经常地；B. actively积极地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. carefully仔细地。根据前文“The two fished together several times a week”可知，威廉和志愿者经常带孩子们去钓鱼。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了这个社区，威廉联系了当地的孤儿院邀请孩子们在水上度过一天。A. looks down on瞧不起；B. lives up to不辜负；C. gets down to开始做某事；D. reaches out to联系。根据下文“to invite the kids to spend the day on the water”可知，威廉联系当地孤儿院邀请那里的孩子一起去钓鱼。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有坐过船，所以威廉从教基础知识开始。A. measures措施；B. basics基础；C. hobbies爱好；D. problems问题。根据前文“Many have never been fishing or even on a boat”可知，许多孩子们没有钓过鱼，因此威廉从基础知识开始教他们。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后是钓鱼所提供的生活教训：耐心、团队合作和在户外放松的简单乐趣。A. sends派遣；B. improves提高；改善；C. advocates提倡；D. offers提供。根据前文“Then come the life lessons ”和下文“patience, teamwork”可知，这里说的是钓鱼提供的生活益处。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. studying学习；B. working工作；C. relaxing放松；D. creating创造。根据前文“patience, teamwork”可知，此处讲述钓鱼带来的益处，结合常识钓鱼可以让人放松。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：迄今为止，这个组织已经带近2000个没有父亲的孩子进行了600多次钓鱼旅行。A. barbecues烧烤；B. trips旅行；C. meals膳食；D. parties聚会。根据下文“on a recent trip”可知，此处说的是钓鱼之旅。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多孩子选择捕捉和释放，但在最近一次，他们保留了鱼，那天晚上享受了他们美味的鱼餐。A. release释放；B. research研究；C. raise提升；举起；D. kill杀死。根据下文“but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.”可知，上下文是转折关系，下文说明他们保留了鱼吃了鱼餐，因此推断许多孩子以前是释放掉捉到的鱼。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果你认识一个和你相处融洽的孩子，介绍他们钓鱼。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Rather反而。根据前文“Fishing did have a huge impact on children.”可知，前后文是因果关系，钓鱼对孩子们有积极影响，因此带孩子们去钓鱼。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个活动并不像你在他们的生活中的存在那么重要。A. inspiration灵感；鼓舞；B. challenge挑战；C. action行动；D. presence存在。根据前文“William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing.”和“The two fished together several times a week, and William saw _____5_____changes in Camran’s behaviour.”可知，威廉带没有父亲的孩子去钓鱼，尽管钓鱼活动对他们的行为有了积极的影响，主要还是威廉的存在和陪伴更重要。因此活动本身不如你的存在更重要。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2022, China’s newly-completed wind and solar power capacity (容量) reached 125 million kilowatts,____36____(bring) the record of total capacity to over 1.2 billion. And it speeded efforts to make sure____37____energy security while promoting green energy transition.
Renewable energy_____38_____(make) up 47.3% of China’s total power generation capacity at the end of 2022, up 2.5% compared with the year before. It also saw several great energy_____39_____(project) completed in 2022, including the world’s most efficient compressed (压缩的) air energy storage station and the world’s_____40_____(large) clean energy corridor.
China’s attempts_____41_____(develop) its wind and solar power will promote the country’s low-carbon energy transition, ensure energy security and push forward technological innovation in solar and wind power. It will also promote the_____42_____(construct) of solar and wind power generation facilities in the Gobi Desert and other dry regions with_____43_____aim of boosting renewable energy, as well as boosting the building of offshore wind power bases.
____44____(additional), the growth of new types of power installations (安装) has also been common in recent years. At the end of 2022, installed capacity of new types of power plans______45______have entered operation rose to 8.7 million kilowatts, up more than l 00 percent year-on-year.
【答案】36. bringing
37. of 38. made
39. projects
40. largest
41. to develop
42. construction
43. the 44. Additionally
45 that##which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2022年中国在风电、光伏发电等绿色能源方面取得的成就。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，中国新建成的风能和太阳能发电装机容量达到1.25亿千瓦，总容量超过12亿千瓦。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词在句中作结果状语，故填bringing。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：并且它加快保障能源安全，推进能源绿色转型。make sure of是固定搭配，意为“确保，确定”，符合句意，故填of。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：截至2022年底，可再生能源占中国总发电量的47.3%，比上年增长2.5%。设空处为谓语，根据下文的“at the end of 2022”可知，句子应用一般过去时，即make使用过去式，故填made。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：2022年，中国还完成了几个大型能源项目，包括世界上效率最高的压缩空气储能站和世界上最大的清洁能源走廊。根据上文的“several”可知，空格处填project的复数形式，故填projects。
【40题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意同上。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词，根据the world’s可知，空格处填large的最高级。故填largest。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国发展风能和太阳能的努力将促进中国的低碳能源转型，确保能源安全，推动太阳能和风能的技术创新。根据上文的“attempts”可知，空格处填动词不定式，充当定语，修饰attempts。故填to develop。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：它还将推动在戈壁沙漠和其他干旱地区建设太阳能和风能发电设施，以促进可再生能源的发展，并促进海上风电基地的建设。根据上文的“the”和下文的“of solar and wind power generation facilities”可知，空格处填construct 的名词形式，故填construction。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。with the aim of是固定搭配，意为“目的是，为了”，符合句意。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，近年来新型电力装置的增长也很普遍。设空处在句中充当状语，应用副词，意为“此外，另外”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Additionally。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：截至2022年底，全国已投产新型电力计划装机容量达870万千瓦，同比增长超过100%。空格处和下文的have entered operation在句中充当定语，修饰先行词plans，并且空格处在句中充当主语，故填that或which。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节，满分20分)
任务型阅读
It was New Year’s Day, the first day of the year. Lucky for me, it was a day off, so I was thinking about getting my bank work out of the way. The bank person, an elderly gentleman with a white beard, was, as usual, curt (简短失礼的，简略的) to my polite “Happy New Year.” He nodded and I sat in front of him.
Minutes passed but nothing happened.
Then very uncertain and embarrassed, I put my form and booklet (小册子) in front of him. He was busy filling up entries in his register (登记簿). After a few minutes he took my form and from his cabinet he took out a very thick file from which he started filling in my details. I sat there wondering why we had computerized banking if we were still filling in forms and registers.
After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done. The moment I uttered the words, I felt as if a bombshell had fallen on him. He shouted, “Nothing is done, it will take time!”
Just then I saw his morning cup of tea which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched. The tea had turned almost cold while he was doing his work. Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项
polite sure angry hope go fall push think touch do patient shout
On New Year’s Day, I went to get my bank work ________ and said “Happy New Year” to the bank person ________. I felt ________.
Minutes ________ by but nothing happened. I put my things before him, ________and embarrassed.
After a few more minutes, I asked him if my work was done but he shouted at me as if a bomb ________ on him. I became ________ and worried.
Just then I saw his morning cup of tea lying there for the last ten minutes, ________. Suddenly I felt what this man must be feeling, realizing I should be ________and not ________ him so hard.
第二节 根据文本内容回答下列问题
47. What must the bank person be feeling when customers like me come
________________
48. What might I say to him then How might the man respond
________________
49. What would I learn from this incident at last
________________
【答案】46. ①. done ②. politely ③. hopeful ④. went ⑤. unsure ⑥. had fallen ⑦. impatient ⑧. untouched ⑨. thoughtful ⑩. push
47. He must be feeling so worried/upset/anxious/nervous that “here comes another person who will push me for doing his work first.”
48. I might say to him, “Sir, you please have your tea; I am not in a hurry.” He might look up at me for the first time, give me a rare smile and say, “Thanks, but it is an everyday affair with me; you are not in a hurry but somebody else will come who will be in a hurry.” and then continue his work at hand.
49. I would learn to be more communicative, understanding / thoughtful / empathetic and friendly with people who help me with my work, putting myself in others’ shoes and be thankful that they are there for me, not taking their work for my convenience for granted.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在新年第一天去银行处理事务，由于效率低，作者不由发了火，然而当作者看到工作人员冷掉的茶时，他又释然了。
【46题详解】
①.考查非谓语动词。根据文章第一段“Lucky for me, it was a day off, so I was thinking about getting my bank work out of the way.(幸运的是，那天是休息日，所以我想把银行的工作做完。)”可知，作者想在新年第一天去银行处理一下事务。根据空前的“get my bank work”可知，空处为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，指的是处理事务，因此选择单词“do”；和宾语“my bank work”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填done。
②.考查副词。根据第一段“The bank person, an elderly gentleman with a white beard, was, as usual, curt (简短失礼的,简略的) to my polite “Happy New Year.”(银行的工作人员是一位留着白胡子的老先生，他像往常一样，对我礼貌的“新年快乐”很敷衍。)”可知，作者的打招呼是礼貌的。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词修饰动词“said”，故选择单词polite，用副词形式。故填politely。
③.考查形容词。根据第一段“It was New Year’s Day, the first day of the year. Lucky for me, it was a day off, so I was thinking about getting my bank work out of the way.( 这是新年，一年的第一天。幸运的是，那天是休息日，所以我想把银行的工作做完。)”可知，当作者来到银行时，心情很好，对一切都充满希望。所以选择单词hope，再根据空前的felt可知，空处为形容词，担当表语。故填hopeful。
④.考查谓语动词。根据第二段“Minutes passed but nothing happened.(几分钟过去了，但什么也没发生。)”可知，空处指的是“几分钟过去了”。分析句子成分可知，空处为短语“go by”，意为“时间的流逝”；根据上下文可知，空处为一般过去时。故填问题。
⑤.考查形容词。根据第三段“Then very uncertain and embarrassed, I put my form and booklet (小册子) in front of him.(然后非常不确定和尴尬，我把我的表格和小册子放在他面前。)”可知，空处指的是“不确定”，所以选择单词“sure”，加否定前缀“un”，构成单词“unsure”，意为不确定。故填unsure。
⑥.考查谓语动词。根据第四段“The moment I uttered the words, I felt as if a bombshell had fallen on him.(我说出这句话的那一刻，我觉得好像一颗重磅炸弹落在了他身上。)”可知，空处指的是“炸弹落在了他身上”，故选择单词“fall”，用过去完成时。故填had fallen。
⑦.考查形容词。根据第四段“After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done.(等了几分钟后，我表现出了各种不耐烦的迹象，我问他我的工作完成了没有。)”可知，作者此时已经有点不耐烦。所以选择单词patient，加否定前缀“im”，构成单词“impatient”，意为“不耐烦”。故填impatient。
⑧.考查非谓语动词。根据第五段“Just then I saw his morning cup of tea which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched.(就在这时，我看见了他早上喝的那杯茶，它已经在那儿放了十分钟了，一动也没动。)”可知，空处为非谓语动词担当状语，表示“没有动”。所以选择单词“touch”，加否定前缀“un”，和“his morning cup of tea”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填untouched。
⑨.考查形容词。根据第五段“Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done.(突然间，我明白了这个在这个柜台工作了不知多少年的人，面对像我这样总是急着把工作做完的顾客时的心情。)”可知，作者突然就理解了这个工作人员，认为自己应该体贴他的心情。空处为形容词担当表语，选择单词think，用形容词形式。故填thoughtful。
⑩.考查谓语动词。根据第五段“Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done.(突然间，我明白了这个在这个柜台工作了不知多少年的人，面对像我这样总是急着把工作做完的顾客时的心情。)”可知，作者理解了工作人员，所以认为自己不应该催促他。选择单词“push”，情态动词之后用动词原形。故填push。
【47题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done. The moment I uttered the words, I felt as if a bombshell had fallen on him. He shouted, “Nothing is done, it will take time!”(等了几分钟后，我表现出了各种不耐烦的迹象，我问他我的工作完成了没有。我说出这句话的那一刻，我觉得好像一颗重磅炸弹落在了他身上。他喊道：“什么也做不了，这需要时间！”
)”可知，当遇到作者这样的人来办理业务的时候，他一定觉得很焦虑或者紧张，又来了一个人，没有耐心，只会督促他先办理他的业务。故答案为He must be feeling so worried/upset/anxious/nervous that “here comes another person who will push me for doing his work first.”
【48题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“Just then I saw his morning cup of tea which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched. The tea had turned almost cold while he was doing his work. Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done.(就在这时，我看见了他早上喝的那杯茶，它已经在那儿放了十分钟了，一动也没动。他干活的时候，茶几乎都凉了。突然间，我明白了这个在这个柜台工作了不知多少年的人，面对像我这样总是急着把工作做完的顾客时的心情。)”可知，当作者看到桌子上工作人员的茶都冷了的时候，作者突然就理解了工作人员的心情。作者有可能会让工作人员先喝茶。而工作人员也会解释自己为什么会先处理自己手头的事。故答案为I might say to him, “Sir, you please have your tea; I am not in a hurry.” He might look up at me for the first time, give me a rare smile and say, “Thanks, but it is an everyday affair with me; you are not in a hurry but somebody else will come who will be in a hurry.” and then continue his work at hand.
【49题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，作者本来看到工作人员只忙着手头的工作，却不帮自己处理业务，就开始急躁。但是，当作者看到工作人员的茶都冷了没空喝的时候，作者又理解了工作人员。所以，从这件事，我们可以知道，当事情发生时，我们应该多沟通，以了解对方，不要不问青红皂白就指责对方。故答案为I would learn to be more communicative, understanding / thoughtful / empathetic and friendly with people who help me with my work, putting myself in others’ shoes and be thankful that they are there for me, not taking their work for my convenience for granted.
第五部分 书面表达 (20分)
50. 假定你是李华，刚刚升入高中，你在学习英语的过程中遇到一些困难，想得到老师的帮助。请结合自己的实际情况给英语老师写一封信，内容包括：
1. 你的困难；2. 希望英语老师给你哪方面的帮助
注意：词数为100左右；可适当增加细节使文章连贯。
Dear Wendy,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Wendy,
I’m faced with some learning problems in English, so I’m writing this letter to ask for help.
With the increase of vocabulary in comprehensive reading, I feel it difficult to understand the passages. Besides, the grammatical patterns seem to be another huge obstacle for me in reading. Not well equipped with rich expressions, I can’t do well in writing, which also results in my poor grades.Thus, would you please be kind enough to offer me some advice
Looking forward to your sincere assistance and instructive guidance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你在学习英语的过程中遇到一些困难，想得到老师的帮助，要求考生合自己的实际情况给英语老师写一封信进行求助。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
寻求帮助：turn to sb. for help→ask for help
困难的：tough→difficult
障碍：barrier→obstacle
擅长：be good at→do well in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, the grammatical patterns seem to be another huge obstacle for me in reading.
拓展句：Besides, the grammatical patterns seem to be another huge obstacle for me in reading,which add to great difficulty for me to learn English.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m faced with some learning problems in English, so I’m writing this letter to ask for help.(使用so引导的并列句)
[高分句型2]I feel it difficult to understand the passages.(运用了it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语)
[高分句型3]Not well equipped with rich expressions, I can’t do well in writing, which also results in my poor grades.(运用了过去分词作原因状语且which引导非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B
11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B石室天府中学高2023级星火班高一入学考试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
1. What is the man’s grandmother doing
A. Having a swim. B. Reading an email. C. Taking a bath.
2. When will the woman’s friend arrive
A At 11:05. B. At 10:45. C. At 10:20.
3. What will the speakers do first
A. Have a cup of tea. B. See the elephants. C. Watch the dolphin show.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Which play to see. B. Where to buy a family ticket.
C. How to celebrate their mother’s birthday.
5. What is the man going to buy on Tuesday
A. A book. B. A magazine. C. A newspaper.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the man’s problem
A. He got a broken DVD. B. He couldn’t play the DVD. C. He bought a wrong DVD.
7. What does the man want to do
A. Have his money back. B. Get a better copy of the same film.
C. Exchange his DVD for something else.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What do we know about the woman
A. She often eats out with her family.
B. She works in a pizza restaurant.
C. She likes going to cafes.
9. Why does the man want to go to the cafe in the town center
A. To drink coffee there. B. To taste the ice cream there. C. To enjoy the great service there.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What relation is the man to Linda
A. Her son. B. Her husband. C. Her neighbor.
11. Where does Linda work
A. At a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bank
12.What does the man do on Saturday
A. He does some cleaning. B. He washes clothes. C. He goes shopping.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What does the man think of Flower Arranging
A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Practical.
14.Why doesn’t the man want to take Photography
A. It lasts too long. B. It’s too expensive. C. It started last week.
15.What course do the speakers decide to take in the end
A. Indian Cooking. B. Web Design for Beginners. C. Italian Wine.
16.What will the speakers do tomorrow morning
A. Go to the course centre. B. Make a telephone call. C. Attend an Indian party.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What do we know about the film
A. It’s about nature. B. It’s a children’s film. C. It has won an international prize.
18.When does the museum close
A. At 5 pm. B. At 6 pm. C. At 7 pm.
19.What can children do at the basement
A. Draw pictures on computers.
B. Watch a working steam engine.
C. See a lifesized model of a spaceship.
20. How will the listeners get in touch with the program to get free tickets
A. By letter. B. By email. C. By phone
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 阅读下面短文，根据文章选择最恰当的选项。(有15个小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities, which continue to have high rates of private vehicle ownership.
Recently a new study has found that ride-sharing services result in much more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation. Ride-sharing trips also draw passengers away from more environment-friendly methods of travel, like public transportation, walking or biking, the study found.
The new study, carried out by the not-for-profit group Union of Concerned Scientists, represents an attempt to center on how ride-sharing services affect pollution. The research examined the effects of ride-sharing services on seven of America’s largest cities.
Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now “result in an estimated 69 percent more climate pollution on average than the trips they displace.” The study notes that the same passengers could have chosen to travel by bus, train, bike, scooter or on foot.
One of the big reasons they give for this result is that ride-sharing vehicles are often driven with no passengers in the car. This happens when drivers are either waiting for rider requests, are on the way to pick up passengers or are driving in between pickups. This situation, known as “deadheading”, takes up about 42 percent of all ride-sharing driving activity, the study found. The researchers said that deadheading results in about 50 percent more carbon dioxide than one person driving in a private vehicle. Both Uber and Lyft do offer a choice of a “pooled” ride, which involves drivers picking up additional riders during the same trip.
The study urges services like Uber and Lyft to work to increase the number of pooled rides. It also urges the two companies to increase the number of electric vehicles on the road and to improve connections to public transportation centers.
Both Uber and Lyft have said in the past that most studies on the subject overstate the effects of their services on pollution. They have noted that the majority of vehicles on the road belong to private individuals or companies. Uber told Reuters news agency in a statement it had no comment on the latest report. But the company said it aims to be part of the solution to address climate change by working directly with cities. The statement added that Uber would continue to promote pooled trips and other means of transportation.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Para. 4 refer to
A. The researchers. B. Ride-sharing trips.
C. The same passengers. D. Environment-friendly methods of travel.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most studies have overstated the effects of Uber’s and Lyft’s services on pollution.
B. Ride-sharing services are playing an active role in dealing with climate change.
C. People may be discouraged from taking public transportation due to ride-sharing services.
D. Climate pollution resulting from ride-sharing trips has increased by 69 percent on average.
3 What is the main idea of the passage
A. Ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft can worsen traffic problems in cities.
B. The reasons for more pollution caused by ride-sharing services have been found.
C. Ride-sharing trips lead to more pollution than other kinds of private and public transportation.
D. The disadvantages of ride-sharing trips outweigh the advantages they have brought to people.
B
Many people dream of becoming a programmer for a leading tech company, as such work can secure a high salary that is envied by many. However, it may also mean having routinely to accept overtime work.
Recently, a programmer created a project called “996.ICU” on , the well-known code-sharing website. The project criticized the “996 work schedule” where employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit (ICU).
The work schedule is common among Chinese tech companies. On the website, many programmers working for China’s tech companies shared evidence showing that their companies asked them to work the long hours. Among them were major names like e-commerce leaders Alibaba and , as well as telecoms equipment manufacturer Huawei.
Several bosses of tech companies have defended “996” as a kind of work culture. Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, said it’s “a huge blessing” for young workers to work “996”. “If you don’t do ‘996’ when you’re young, when will you ” Ma said, according to a post on Alibaba’s WeChat account. “If you don’t invest more time and energy than others, how will you achieve the success you want ”
However, People’s Daily said that those who questioned “996” should not be labeled. “Valuing hard work does not equal forcing employees to work overtime,” commented the newspaper. “One should not attach the moral labels of ‘slackers’ or ‘not willing to strive’ to employees who are against ‘996’.”
Meanwhile, Cui Zhendong, a lawyer with the Yiqian Law Firm, said that it is illegal for a company to introduce a compulsory “996” work schedule for employees, since the Labor Law clearly states that the working hours of an employee should not exceed an average of eight hours daily, or 44 hours a week. Employers may extend working hours after consultation with an employee, but shall not exceed three hours a day or 36 hours a month.
A senior developer with the e-commerce giant Alibaba, who asked not to be named to protect his career, said employers seldom say the schedule is compulsory, but failure to follow the rules could lead to low performance scores and layoffs. “Refusal to overwork can also lead to losing your annual bonus, which is a lot of money,” he said.
“When resorting to the legal system for protection, there is a price to pay: time, money and the risk of losing your job, therefore they turn to cyberspace,” Jiang Ying, a professor of law said.
To better protect workers from harsh treatment, Jiang suggested that the systems for appealing to the court of law should be beefed up.
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. The “996”work schedule is merely a rare case among companies.
B. The “996” work schedule is a newly invented system that is unique to China.
C. People’s Daily thinks it forgivable to criticize those who challenge the “996” work schedule.
D. In reality it’s so difficult for employees to defend their right against overwork through law.
5. How many hours is an employee permitted to work at most per day by law
A. 3. B. 8. C. 9. D. 11.
6. What does the underlined phrase “beefed up” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Improved. B. Banned. C. Exposed. D. Encouraged.
7. Where is the passage most probably taken from
A. A government report. B. A newspaper.
C. A scientific essay. D. A code-sharing website.
C
Since App Store was set up, it has been selling consumers one simple thing: choice. Whether you wanted to play games, read the news, or do a thousand other things, there was something for whatever you desired.
Then something funny happened. Logging into the App Store today is like going into a shopping mall with only a coupon (优惠券) for one thing: There’s so much choice; it might be easier to give up than to choose.
It isn’t just consumers who are burdened, though. Too much content of all kinds also has economic effects. When countless choices are available, it causes pressure, pushing prices down and driving us a bit crazy.
So what is the way forward Less choice itself may be a sensible strategy. There are already signs that this is happening. Firstly content companies are looking to prevent their offerings from getting lost in the tons of stuff. Most obvious is Disney, which is planning to open its own streaming service next year. The point is to narrow the focus so that those seeking Disney cartoons will have one place to go, rather than being around various services.
Yet if that represents a careful first step, there are more extreme options too. Consider the idea of a wine club: from tens of thousands of bottles each year, subscribers pay someone to select the most interesting ones. Perhaps what comes next for digital content is similar — carefully selected offerings from trusted sources that put choices in the hands of customers in order to get rid of the anxiety of choosing.
Up to now, too much choice in digital media has only one solution: the algorithm (运算法则). But we’ve seen the trouble with algorithms on You Tube. They feed you only what you’ve already said you like, not things you may not know you’re into. Worse, they have a tendency to serve up disturbing content. The way forward can’t simply be more or better algorithms.
Instead, it’s time for digital companies to start thinking about how to put limits on things: on how much we can use a device, or what we are available to choose from. As we move further into the digital revolution, what people ask for is clear: Less.
8. Faced with too much choice, consumers are more likely to__________.
A. choose carefully B. feel anxious C. use a coupon D. push down prices
9. What’s the purpose of mentioning the “wine club” in paragraph 5
A. To teach customers how to choose a bottle of wine wisely.
B. To show digital companies how to narrow customers’ focus.
C. To demonstrate what some customers’ extreme options are.
D. To save customers from getting lost in the choice of the APP Store.
10. What can we infer from the passage
A. In order to sell choice better, digital companies should offer less.
B. You Tube tends to feed people what they are possibly interested in.
C. Algorithms can help consumers and companies make better choices.
D. Those seeking Disney cartoons have easy and quick access to them.
11. What do we know about the algorithm
A. It manages to offer what consumers will possibly like
B. It helps to remove disturbing content from digital media
C. It offers consumers things based on what they’ve said they like
D. It’ll solve the problem of having too much choice
D
British researchers say they have created an artificial intelligence (AI) model that is highly effective at predicting rainfall within the next 90 minutes.
The model was built by scientists at Google-owned research company DeepMind in London. The company partnered with researchers at the University of Exeter in Britain and the Met Office, the British government’s national weather service. The team says tests of the system showed it produced more accurate predictions, or forecasts, for short-term rainfall than other existing systems.
Accurate nowcasting can be a very important tool for preparing for possible weather emergencies. It can be used by officials in the areas of water management, agriculture, air and ground traffic control and outdoor event planning. “We were especially interested in the ability of these models to make predictions on medium to heavy-rain events, which are the events that most impact people and the economy,” the team said. The scientists said their model aims to create predictive “movies” of immediate weather patterns. They said that, unlike other systems, theirs can accurately capture large-scale events, as well as several different rain possibilities. This combination permits “rainfall uncertainties” to be deeply explored.
During the testing process, the team said the model showed “statistically significant” improvements in these areas compared to competing methods. In addition, the researchers reported that a group of more than 50 weather experts from the Met Office rated the AI model to be more accurate and useful in 89 percent of cases than existing forecasting systems.
Despite the study results, researchers admitted that the model still has limitations. They said “more work is needed to improve the accuracy of long-term predictions and the accuracy on rare and intense events.” The team said it will now center on developing new methods to test and measure the model's performance. It will also work to create more specialized systems to work in real-world conditions.
12. What do we know about the new AI model
A. The model is created by researchers of Met Office.
B. The model can predict any rainfall within 90 minutes.
C. The model needs improving in long-term forecasting.
D. The model has been used in real-world conditions.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The difficulty of accurate nowcasting.
B. The relationship between weather forecasting and economy.
C. The necessity of building the new AI model.
D. The principles of the new model.
14. Why does the writer mention the weather experts from the Met Office in paragraph 4
A. To prove the advantage of the new model.
B. To compare the new model with the old systems.
C. To explain the rule of weather forecasting.
D. To show how the existing system works.
15 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Existing Forecasting system Needs Improving
B. AI Predicts Immediate Rainfall Better than Existing Systems
C. New Explorations in Weather Predictions
D. New Methods on Testing the AI Model's Performance
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought soon we would be regularly visiting other planets. ____16____ The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous. Some people believe it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to improve our lives. Why do we continue to explore space, then
____17____ From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places. While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe. With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
With technologies developed for space exploration, we can solve some big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier. ____18____ Originally applied to the space shuttle launch, they have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes to protect buildings and save lives.
Although space exploration demands huge investment, it can actually bring great economic value. The global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year. ____19____ Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts. There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers and research assistants.
Moreover, the amazing work can provide education and inspiration for the next generation. Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly inspiring to witness. These moments shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future. ____20____
A. This is clearly not the case.
B. It is in our nature to explore.
C. The universe is too mysterious to explore.
D. One of these is earthquake shock absorbers.
E. It can also provide a variety of career opportunities.
F. These scientific and technological advances can benefit societies in many areas.
G. When you've seen a man walk on the Moon, you grow up believing anything is possible!
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案并填涂在相应的答题卡上。
William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, which teaches fatherless kids through fishing. Ten years ago, William noticed his six-year old neighbor, Camran, seemed_____21_____ . He’d storm out of the house, shouting at his _____22_____. One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran____23____that his dad wasn’t in his life.
William asked Camran’s mother for_____24_____to take him fishing. Camran was interested from that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw _____25_____changes in Camran’s behaviour. Soon William _____26_____more kids in the neighbourhood in his activity.
William and other volunteers_____27_____take 20 to 25 kids out fishing on a boat on weekends. Besides the neighbourhood, William_____28_____local orphanage to invite the kids to spend the day on the water. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat, so William starts by teaching the_____29_____. Then come the life lessons that fishing ______30______: patience, teamwork and the simple joy of ______31______in the outdoors.
So far, this organization has taken more than 600 fishing ______32______with almost 2, 000 fatherless kids. Many kids choose to catch and______33______, but on a recent trip, they kept the fish and enjoyed their delicious fishmeal that night.
Fishing did have a huge impact on children.______34______, if you know a child who you get on well with, introduce them to fishing. The activity doesn’t matter as much as your______35______in their lives.
21 A. glad B. angry C. sad D. fearful
22. A. mother B. sister C. father D. brother
23. A. remembered B. discussed C. reported D. shared
24. A. advice B. permission C. support D. time
25. A. different B. common C. positive D. right
26. A. tricked B. persuaded C. involved D. forced
27. A. regularly B. actively C. gradually D. carefully
28. A. looks down on B. lives up to C. gets down to D. reaches out to
29. A. measures B. basics C. hobbies D. problems
30. A. sends B. improves C. advocates D. offers
31. A. studying B. working C. relaxing D. creating
32. A. barbecues B. trips C. meals D. parties
33. A. release B. research C. raise D. kill
34. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Rather
35. A. inspiration B. challenge C. action D. presence
第二节 (共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2022, China’s newly-completed wind and solar power capacity (容量) reached 125 million kilowatts,____36____(bring) the record of total capacity to over 1.2 billion. And it speeded efforts to make sure____37____energy security while promoting green energy transition.
Renewable energy_____38_____(make) up 47.3% of China’s total power generation capacity at the end of 2022, up 2.5% compared with the year before. It also saw several great energy_____39_____(project) completed in 2022, including the world’s most efficient compressed (压缩的) air energy storage station and the world’s_____40_____(large) clean energy corridor.
China’s attempts_____41_____(develop) its wind and solar power will promote the country’s low-carbon energy transition, ensure energy security and push forward technological innovation in solar and wind power. It will also promote the_____42_____(construct) of solar and wind power generation facilities in the Gobi Desert and other dry regions with_____43_____aim of boosting renewable energy, as well as boosting the building of offshore wind power bases.
____44____(additional), the growth of new types of power installations (安装) has also been common in recent years. At the end of 2022, installed capacity of new types of power plans______45______have entered operation rose to 8.7 million kilowatts, up more than l 00 percent year-on-year.
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节，满分20分)
任务型阅读
It was New Year’s Day, the first day of the year. Lucky for me, it was a day off, so I was thinking about getting my bank work out of the way. The bank person, an elderly gentleman with a white beard, was, as usual, curt (简短失礼的，简略的) to my polite “Happy New Year.” He nodded and I sat in front of him.
Minutes passed but nothing happened.
Then very uncertain and embarrassed, I put my form and booklet (小册子) in front of him. He was busy filling up entries in his register (登记簿). After a few minutes he took my form and from his cabinet he took out a very thick file from which he started filling in my details. I sat there wondering why we had computerized banking if we were still filling in forms and registers.
After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done. The moment I uttered the words, I felt as if a bombshell had fallen on him. He shouted, “Nothing is done, it will take time!”
Just then I saw his morning cup of tea which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched. The tea had turned almost cold while he was doing his work. Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项
polite sure angry hope go fall push think touch do patient shout
On New Year’s Day, I went to get my bank work ________ and said “Happy New Year” to the bank person ________. I felt ________.
Minutes ________ by but nothing happened. I put my things before him, ________and embarrassed.
After a few more minutes, I asked him if my work was done but he shouted at me as if a bomb ________ on him. I became ________ and worried.
Just then I saw his morning cup of tea lying there for the last ten minutes, ________. Suddenly I felt what this man must be feeling, realizing I should be ________and not ________ him so hard.
第二节 根据文本内容回答下列问题
47. What must the bank person be feeling when customers like me come
________________
48. What might I say to him then How might the man respond
________________
49. What would I learn from this incident at last
________________
第五部分 书面表达 (20分)
50. 假定你是李华，刚刚升入高中，你在学习英语的过程中遇到一些困难，想得到老师的帮助。请结合自己的实际情况给英语老师写一封信，内容包括：
1. 你的困难；2. 希望英语老师给你哪方面的帮助
注意：词数为100左右；可适当增加细节使文章连贯。
Dear Wendy,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
听力答案：1.C 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B
11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B
