2023—2024学年(上)高二年级期中考试
英语
考生注意:
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上, 并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What will the man do on Friday
A. Attend a party. B. Go on a business trip. C. Eat out with the woman.
2. Where does this conversation probably take place
A In a store. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.
3. When will the man’s flight leave
A. At 6:30. B. At 7:20. C. At 10:10.
4. What does the woman worry about
A Jeff won’t know what to say.
B. Jeff won’t come to the meeting.
C. Jeff won’t speak before a large crowd.
5. What does the woman mean
A. Jack gets angry easily.
B. Jack feels terrible.
C. Jack always behaves badly.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6, 7题。
6. Where does Jack live now
A. In Chicago. B. In New York. C. In Washington.
7. What does Jack usually do in his free time
A. He usually reads books. B. He usually watches TV. C. He usually plays basketball.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man think of ball sports
A. Difficult. B. Crazy. C. Interesting.
9. Who once taught the man to play baseball
A. His friend. B. His father. C. His coach.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a classroom. B. On the beach. C. In an apartment.
11. Why did the woman leave Beijing
A. To enjoy the beach time.
B. To learn some business skills.
C. To escape Beijing’s heat.
12. What did the woman probably think about seafood
A. She didn’t like it. B. She thought it terrible. C. She thought it delicious.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. How many universities has the man attended
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
14. What is the man doing
A. Seeking a job. B. Offering help. C. Introducing a university.
15. What does the man advise the woman to study
A. Writing. B. Physics. C. Math.
16. What is the woman worried about
A. Her grades. B. Her cost for college. C. Her parents’ health.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. How long does Sam do sports every day
A. One hour. B. Four hours. C. Five hours.
18. What ball game does Sam like best
A Football. B. Basketball. C. Volleyball.
19. Who went to plant trees last week
A. Sam. B. Amy. C. The speaker.
20. What does the speaker like doing
A. Doing sports. B. Serving others. C. Reading books.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Visit to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel
Vatican City is not only the smallest country in the world, but also a treasure house of art and history. You can admire the impressive fresco paintings (壁画) of the Sistine Chapel, and explore the Vatican Museums, which house a big collection of masterpieces from ancient to modern times.
Skip-the-line tickets:
The best-selling tickets for access to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel. Skip (跳过) the line tickets with priority access.
Ticket Type Price Reservation (预定)
Entrance Full ?17.00/person ?4.00
Entrance Reduced ?8.00/person ?4.00
Reduced tickets:
Reduced tickets are available to children from 6 to 18 years of age, as well as students between the ages of 18 and 25. It is necessary to present a formal document at the university for the current year. There are no reductions for the over 65s.
Free entry:
Admission is free for children under 6 years of age. It is also free for disabled visitors and their carers. As it is not possible to book in advance they will have to go directly to the “Special Permits” and /or “Reception” counters located in the entrance hall of the Vatican Museums.
Visit to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel with audio guide
Ticket Type Price Reservation
Entrance +audio guide Full ?24.00/person ?4.00
Entrance +audio guide Reduced ?15.00/person ?4.00
Entrance +audio guide Children (under age 6) ?13.00/person ?4.00
1. What does the Sistine Chapel feature
A. Fresco paintings. B. Collected treasures.
C. The natural scenery. D. The style of buildings.
2. Which group can get reduced tickets
A. Kids under age 6. B. Students aged 6—25.
C. Adults aged over 65. D. People with disabilities.
3. How much will a couple with their 5-year-old pay for the tickets with audio guide
A. ?48.00. B. ?61.00. C. ?63.00. D. ?75.00.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了参观梵蒂冈博物馆和西斯廷教堂的一些情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“You can admire the impressive fresco paintings (壁画) of the Sistine Chapel, and explore the Vatican Museums, which house a big collection of masterpieces from ancient to modern times.(你可以欣赏西斯廷教堂令人印象深刻的壁画，并探索梵蒂冈博物馆，那里收藏了从古代到现代的大量杰作)”可知，西斯廷教堂的特色是壁画。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Reduced tickets部分中“Reduced tickets are available to children from 6 to 18 years of age, as well as students between the ages of 18 and 25.(6岁至18岁的儿童以及18岁至25岁的学生可以享受优惠票)”可知，6岁到25岁学生可以得到优惠票。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Visit to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel with audio guide部分中成人票是?24每人，小于六岁的儿童是?13每人，故一对夫妇带着他们5岁的孩子买带语音导览的票要花24+24+13=?61。故选B。
B
When four young children were found after 40 days in the Colombian Amazon forest, the rescuers noticed that the oldest, 13-year-old Lesly Mucutuy, had some seeds hidden between her teeth.
The seeds were from a native Amazon palm tree known as “milpesos” in Colombia. Its fruits are rich in fat and Amazon tribes use them to make a vegetable oil. “She was keeping them so that the warmth of her mouth would open up the seeds and she could feed the pulp (果肉) to her younger sisters and brothers,” said Eliecer Mu oz, one of the four guards who made the very first contact with the children. “That’s how they stayed alive.”
Survival experts have been trying to answer this question: How did the four children—the youngest just a baby—survive in the heart of the Amazon rainforest for so long The stretch of the jungle they were found in is one of the most remote and difficult to reach in Colombia, where wild animals and poisonous insects are plentiful, rains can pour for over 15 hours a day and visibility is sometimes limited to 10 meters due to the thick vegetation. In more than a month without adults, they appear to have survived on wild fruits and three pounds of cassava flour, a high-protein traditional food of the Amazon diet, which they got from the wreckage (残骸) of the plane. When found, the children had bottles they used to collect water, either from streams or from the rain.
While their survival remains a marvel, it was no doubt facilitated by traditional knowledge of the forest they acquired from a remarkably young age. Lesly, in particular, is praised for not only staying alive herself, but also making sure her younger sisters and brothers would survive following the loss of their mother in the plane crash.
Nelly Kuiru, an activist, believes that her courage goes far beyond botanical skills: “Ancestral, traditional knowledge is more than that Lesly learnt to pick fruits, but there’s something much deeper there, a spiritual connection with the forest surrounding us.”
4. Eliecer Mu oz viewed Lesly’s keeping seeds in her mouth as____________.
A. a survival skill B. a rescue technique
C. an eating habit D. a unique culture
5. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about
A. The exact cause of the plane crash.
B. The detailed search and rescue operations.
C. The food the children depended on to stay alive.
D. The difficulty of surviving in the Amazon rainforest.
6. Which words can best describe Lesly
A. Talented and experienced. B. Intelligent and responsible.
C. Honest and knowledgeable. D. Creative and open-minded.
7. What does Nelly Kuiru mainly want to show in the last paragraph
A. Botanical skills are more important than courage.
B. Lesly learned to find food in the forest from her ancestors.
C. Lesly is connected with her living environment spiritually.
D. Picking fruits is the basic knowledge to survive in the forest.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个孩子在哥伦比亚的亚马逊森林中生存了40天的事情，其中，最大的孩子Lesly不仅保护自己，还确保她的弟弟妹妹们能够生存下去。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The seeds were from a native Amazon palm tree known as “milpesos” in Colombia. Its fruits are rich in fat and Amazon tribes use them to make a vegetable oil. “She was keeping them so that the warmth of her mouth would open up the seeds and she could feed the pulp(果肉)to her younger sisters and brothers,” said Eliecer Mu oz, one of the four guards who made the very first contact with the children. “That’s how they stayed alive.”(这些种子来自一种当地亚马逊棕榈树，在哥伦比亚被称为“milpesos”。它的果实富含脂肪，亚马逊部落用它们来制作植物油。“她一直养着它们，这样她嘴里的温暖就能把种子打开，把果肉喂给她的弟弟妹妹们，”Eliecer Mu oz说，他是最早接触这些孩子的四名警卫之一。“他们就是这样活下来的。”)”可知，Eliecer Mu oz认为Lesly嘴里含着种子的行为是一种生存技能。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Survival experts have been trying to answer this question: How did the four children—the youngest just a baby—survive in the heart of the Amazon rainforest for so long (生存专家一直在试图回答这个问题：这四个孩子——最小的只是个婴儿——是如何在亚马逊雨林的中心生存这么久的？)”以及“In more than a month without adults, they appear to have survived on wild fruits and three pounds of cassava flour, a high-protein traditional food of the Amazon diet, which they got from the wreckage (残骸) of the plane. When found, the children had bottles they used to collect water, either from streams or from the rain.(在没有成年人的一个多月里，他们似乎靠野果和3磅木薯粉(一种亚马逊地区的高蛋白传统食物)存活了下来，木薯粉是它们从飞机残骸中获取的。当被发现时，孩子们拿着瓶子，他们用来从小溪或雨水中取水。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的是孩子们依靠什么食物生存下来的。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段““She was keeping them so that the warmth of her mouth would open up the seeds and she could feed the pulp(果肉)to her younger sisters and brothers,” said Eliecer Mu oz, one of the four guards who made the very first contact with the children. “That’s how they stayed alive.”(“她一直养着它们，这样她嘴里的温暖就能把种子打开，把果肉喂给她的弟弟妹妹们，”Eliecer Mu oz说，他是最早接触这些孩子的四名警卫之一。“他们就是这样活下来的。”)”可知，Lesly非常聪明；再根据第四段“Lesly, in particular, is praised for not only staying alive herself, but also making sure her younger sisters and brothers would survive following the loss of their mother in the plane crash.(尤其是Lesly，她不仅自己活了下来，而且在母亲在飞机失事中丧生后，她还确保了她的弟弟妹妹们都能活下来，这一点受到了称赞。)”可知，Lesly非常负责任，母亲丧生后，她不仅自己活了下来，还确保了弟弟妹妹活了下来。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Nelly Kuiru, an activist, believes that her courage goes far beyond botanical skills: “Ancestral, traditional knowledge is more than that Lesly learnt to pick fruits, but there’s something much deeper there, a spiritual connection with the forest surrounding us.”(活动人士Nelly Kuiru认为，她的勇气远远超出了植物学技能：“祖传的传统知识不仅仅是Lesly学会摘水果，还有更深层次的东西，那就是与我们周围的森林有一种精神联系。”)”可知，Nelly Kuiru认为Lesly的生存不仅体现在植物学技能上，更体现在她与周围环境的深层精神联系上。故选C。
C
The cultural products we create reflect the times we live in. “Works of popular culture, we reasoned, should reflect the extent to which nature occupies our collective consciousness (集体意识), ” says psychologist Dr Selin Kesebir. “If novelists, songwriters or filmmakers have fewer encounters with nature these days than before, or if they don’t expect their audiences to respond to it, nature would feature less frequently in their works.”
The researchers drew up a list of 186 nature-related words belonging to four categories: general words relating to nature such as cloud, or sunrise; names of flowers; names of trees; and birds’ names. Then they analyzed how often these occurred in the output of popular culture. They looked at English-language fiction, pop songs and film plots, each of which featured thousands of examples.
The results were consistent across books, songs and movies. “The space taken by nature has been decreasing in the collective imagination and cultural conversation since the 1950s. Nature features significantly less in English popular culture today than it did in the first half of the 20th century” says Dr Kesebir.
Why Some people suggest it’s the growth of cities that has fuelled the change. “Urbanization swallows up natural areas and cuts people off from their natural surroundings,” says Dr Kesebir. But, she goes on, the growth rate of cities over the 20th century is gradual, but the data shows a marked change from the 1950s onwards. So it’s not just the fact that fewer of us are living in rural areas that explains the decline (减少).
More likely, she believes, we’re seeing the impact of technological change leading to more indoor recreational activities. Yes, TV, video games and the Internet are to blame. “These technologies may well have been substituted for nature as a source of joy, recreation and entertainment.”
Books, songs and films shape our culture as well as reflecting it, says Dr Kesebir. “The declining cultural attention to nature means a muting of the message that nature: is worth paying attention to and talking about. It also means a loss of opportunities to awaken curiosity, appreciation and awe for nature.”
8. How did the researchers conduct their study of popular culture
A. By having interviews. B. By doing field research.
C. By analyzing collected data. D. By referring to previous studies.
9. How did English popular culture change after the 1950s
A. It highlighted fictional stories. B. It caught the public’s imagination.
C. Its nature elements were greatly reduced. D. Its focus shifted from fiction to conversations.
10. What’s largely responsible for the change according to Dr Kesebir
A. Technology. B. The population.
C. City development. D. The environment.
11. What does the underlined word “muting” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Explanation. B. Silence. C. Exchange. D. Emphasis.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化产品如何反映我们生活的时代，特别是自然在文化产品中的出现频率下降的现象。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers drew up a list of 186 nature-related words belonging to four categories: general words relating to nature such as cloud, or sunrise; names of flowers; names of trees; and birds’ names. Then they analyzed how often these occurred in the output of popular culture. They looked at English-language fiction, pop songs and film plots, each of which featured thousands of examples. (研究人员列出了186个与自然有关的词汇，分为四类：与自然有关的一般词汇，如云、日出；花的名字；树的名字；还有鸟的名字。然后，他们分析了这些在流行文化产出中出现的频率。他们研究了英语小说、流行歌曲和电影情节，每一种都有数千个例子。)”可知，研究人员通过分析收集的数据来进行流行文化研究。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““The space taken by nature has been decreasing in the collective imagination and cultural conversation since the 1950s. Nature features significantly less in English popular culture today than it did in the first half of the 20th century” says Dr Kesebir. (“自20世纪50年代以来，在集体想象和文化对话中，大自然所占据的空间一直在减少。与20世纪上半叶相比，自然在当今英国流行文化中的地位明显下降。”Kesebirr博士说。)”可知，20世纪50年代以后，自然在当今英国流行文化中的地位明显下降。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“More likely, she believes, we’ re seeing the impact of technological change leading to more indoor recreational activities. Yes, TV, video games and the Internet are to blame. “These technologies may well have been substituted for nature as a source of joy, recreation and entertainment.” (她认为，更有可能的是，我们看到的是技术变革带来的室内娱乐活动的影响。是的，电视、电子游戏和互联网都是罪魁祸首。“这些技术很可能已经取代了自然，成为快乐、消遣和娱乐的源泉。”)”可知，Kesebirr博士认为造成这一变化的主要原因是技术。故选A。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“It also means a loss of opportunities to awaken curiosity, appreciation and awe for nature. (这也意味着失去了唤醒对自然的好奇心、欣赏和敬畏的机会。)”可推测，划线单词指的应该是“The declining cultural attention to nature (文化对自然关注的减少)”意味着“nature is worth paying attention to and talking about (自然值得关注和谈论的)”这一信息也“无人可知”。选项A“Explanation (解释)”；选项B“Silence (寂静无声)”；选项C“Exchange (交换)”；选项D“Emphasis (强调)”。故选B。
D
Bottlenose dolphin moms adapt their individually special whistles (口哨) when their babies are nearby. This “parentese” might increase attention, bonding (联系) and vocal learning in babies, as it seems to do in humans.
During the first few months of life, each common bottlenose dolphin develops a unique tune, or signature whistle, similar to a name. The dolphins shout out their own “names” in the water “likely as a way to keep track of each other,” says marine biologist Laela Sayigh. But dolphin moms seem to adjust that tune in the presence of their babies, which tend to stick by mom’s side for three to six years.
Sayigh and colleagues analyzed signature whistles from 19 female dolphins both with and without their babies close by. Audio recordings were got from a wild population that lives near Sarasota Bay, Fla., during catch-and-release health assessments that occurred from 1984 to 2018. The researchers examined 40 examples of each dolphin’s signature whistle, confirmed by the unique way each vocalization’s frequencies change over time. Half of each dolphin’s whistles were voiced in the presence of her baby. When youngsters were around, the moms’ whistles contained, on average, a higher maximum and slightly lower minimum pitch(音高)compared with those voiced in the absence of babies, contributing to an overall widened pitch range.
These whistle adjustments echo baby talk because human caregivers use real words and language, just with certain inflections (变调), Sayigh says. Formally called child-directed communication, these inflections typically involve higher pitches and a wider pitch range, like what was observed in the dolphins. “Bottlenose dolphins are a main candidate for child-directed communication,” says Quincy Gibson, a marine mammal behavioral ecologist. Similar to humans, these dolphins form strong mother-baby bonds and learn vocalizations.
But to confirm this study’s results, scientists should analyze signature whistles of freely swimming, uncontrolled dolphin moms, notes Gibson. “We do need to look at this question in more natural and undisturbed conditions.” Still, Gibson says, “The idea that there might be similar forces driving parentese in such different species is just really cool.”
12. What can be learned about a bottlenose dolphin’s signature whistle
A. It warns of danger. B. It’s voiced by females.
C. It’s targeted at babies. D. It varies individually.
13. What kind of whistles did a dolphin mom give with her babies nearby
A. Whistles with a stable frequency. B. Whistles hard to record.
C. Whistles with a broader pitch range. D. Whistles with a lower maximum pitch.
14. According to Gibson, the study would be more convincing if_________.
A. more dolphins had been involved
B. the subjects had included different species
C. the dolphins had been studied in the natural environment
D. the dolphins had been studied when they were younger
15. What could be a suitable title for the text
A. Dolphins and Humans Have Much in Common
B. Bottlenose Dolphins Communicate Like Humans
C. Dolphin Moms Use Baby Talk to Bond with Young
D. Dolphins Have a Highly Advanced Spoken Language
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究表明宽吻海豚妈妈在宝宝附近时会调整自己的特殊口哨声。这种“宝宝语”可能会增加宝宝的注意力、联系和学习发声的能力，就像人类一样。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“During the first few months of life, each common bottlenose dolphin develops a unique tune, or signature whistle, similar to a name.(在生命的最初几个月里，每只普通宽吻海豚都会发出一种独特的音调，或标志性的哨声，类似于它们的名字。)”可知，每只普通宽吻海豚都会发出一种独特的音调，由此可知，每只宽吻海豚的哨声都不一样。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When youngsters were around, the moms’ whistles contained, on average, a higher maximum and slightly lower minimum pitch(音高)compared with those voiced in the absence of babies, contributing to an overall widened pitch range. (与没有婴儿时相比，当有孩子在身边时，妈妈们发出的哨子平均含有更高的最高音调和略低的最低音调，这有助于拓宽音调范围。)”可知，海豚妈妈和她的孩子在一起时，发出的哨声含有更高的最高音调和略低的最低音调，也就是音调范围更广。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But to confirm this study’s results, scientists should analyze signature whistles of freely swimming, uncontrolled dolphin moms, notes Gibson. “We do need to look at this question in more natural and undisturbed conditions.” (但Gibson指出，为了证实这项研究的结果，科学家们应该分析自由游泳、不受控制的海豚妈妈的标志性哨声。“我们确实需要在更自然和不受干扰的条件下研究这个问题。”)”可知，Gibson认为如果扩大试验范围和物种，实验结果将更为可信。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Bottlenose dolphin moms adapt their individually special whistles (口哨) when their babies are nearby. This “parentese” might increase attention, bonding(联系)and vocal learning in babies, as it seems to do in humans.(当海豚宝宝在附近时，宽吻海豚妈妈会发出独特的口哨。这种“宝宝语”可能会增加婴儿的注意力、联系和声音学习，就像对人类一样。)”可知，文章主要介绍了宽吻海豚妈妈通过调整自己的口哨声来与小海豚建立联系，它们使用“宝宝语”来与小海豚建立联系。故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wanting to spend some time camping this summer But you’ re afraid it’s going to be a disaster You needn’t worry. ___16___ . With a little preparation and a little help from a camp planner, you can have the camping experience of your dreams.
Discuss Camping with Your Children
A little preparation goes a long way. If your children have never camped, they may be scared or resistant to the idea. Talk with them about what camping will be like and what they will experience. Highlight the fun things but don’t avoid things that they may be afraid of or unsure about. ___17___ .
Pack in-Case-of-Rain Activities
No one likes rain when they are trying to enjoy the outdoors, but sometimes even if you check your local forecast, rain happens. ___18___ , like playing cards and a chess set to wait out the rain. Rainy afternoons are also a perfect time for naps and storytelling. Some favorite family memories can be made waiting for the rain to pass.
Pack Special Snacks
___19___ . Cookies and roasted marshmallows are some good foods and you can find some more fun treats to share on your camping adventure like walking tacos and campfire chili. Camp food can become long-lasting traditions in your family.
Use a Camping Planner
Let’s face it — planning a camping trip can be a lot. ___20___ . You can use a camping planner to help you get organized and make sure you have a truly memorable camping experience. The Camping Planner includes a comprehensive packing checklist, a camp meal planner and grocery shopping lists, along with lists of your favorite camping spots and places to try in the future and so much more.
A. But you don’t have to do it all alone
B. Make sure you pack necessary things
C. Here are some of our favorite natural games
D. Camping without special snacks is not perfect
E. Open the conversations and answer them honestly
F. An interesting trip unnecessarily means an easy one
G. Camping can be a wonderful experience for your family
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何更好的露营提供了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Wanting to spend some time camping this summer But you’ re afraid it’s going to be a disaster You needn’t worry.(今年夏天想花点时间去露营吗？但你担心这将是一场灾难？你不必担心)”可知，露营可以不是一场灾难。选项G“Camping can be a wonderful experience for your family(露营对你的家庭来说是一次美妙的经历)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是露营可以是一次美妙的经历。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Talk with them about what camping will be like and what they will experience. Highlight the fun things but don’t avoid things that they may be afraid of or unsure about.(他们可能会害怕或抵制这个想法。和他们谈谈露营会是什么样子，他们会经历什么。强调有趣的事情，但不要回避他们可能害怕或不确定的事情)”可知，作为家长应该和孩子开诚布公地谈谈露营的事情。选项E“Open the conversations and answer them honestly(打开对话，诚实地回答)”与上文内容相一致，指的是和孩子开诚布公地谈谈。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空后“like playing cards and a chess set to wait out the rain. Rainy afternoons are also a perfect time for naps and storytelling. Some favorite family memories can be made waiting for the rain to pass.(就像打牌、下棋等雨过去。下雨的下午也是打盹和讲故事的最佳时间。一些最喜欢的家庭回忆可以等到雨过了再做)”可知，下文主要介绍了一些下雨时可以进行的活动。选项C“Here are some of our favorite natural games(这里有一些我们最喜欢的自然游戏)”与下文内容一致，引出下文的具体游戏介绍。故选C。
【19题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Cookies and roasted marshmallows are some good foods and you can find some more fun treats to share on your camping adventure like walking tacos and campfire chili. Camp food can become long-lasting traditions in your family.(饼干和烤棉花糖是一些很好的食物，你可以找到更多有趣的食物来分享你的露营冒险，比如步行玉米饼和篝火辣椒。野营食物可以成为你家庭长久的传统)”可知，本段主要讲述的是露营时可准备的食物。选项D“Camping without special snacks is not perfect(没有零食的露营是不完美的)”与下文内容一致，指的是露营时需要准备食物。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“Let’s face it — planning a camping trip can be a lot. (让我们面对现实吧——计划一次露营旅行可能会有很多事情要做)”可知，露营计划会有很多事情去处理。选项A“But you don’t have to do it all alone(但是你不必一个人做)”延续上文内容，指的是露营计划很繁琐，但是你不必一人去做。同时引出下文“You can use a camping planner to help you get organized and make sure you have a truly memorable camping experience.(你可以使用一个露营计划来帮助你组织起来，确保你有一个真正难忘的露营经历)”，指的是可以用露营计划。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This is the dream of my running partner: Eduardo. He’s a marathon runner with an eye problem who needs ___21___ to train and to compete.
Eduardo has been running longer than me, and has more desire than any person I know. ___22___ , he didn’t like training for a marathon. He ran with ___23___ , without a clear goal, got bored with training and didn’t train with many people.
Now it has ___24___ —he has an 18-week training plan where he runs six days a week, and he has realized he ___25___ running more because he has a ___26___ —to make a little progress every day. He runs with me, one who loves running so much and with the training group at La Tapia de Madrid. The ___27___ we share for running is what ___28___ us.
Eduardo and I run together by a rope-I have to ___29___ turns, different terrain (地形) and barriers. It’s ___30___ , but I have never ___31___ this in the presence of others. The main thing we ___32___ is to run confidently and enjoy running as a whole.
Now, Eduardo goes running with different people, but with a fixed goal of rhythm (节奏) and ___33___ . He has taken five weeks of training, but he says he will keep on doing it, because he has understood ___34___ can be the way to improve his fitness.
Eduardo wants to run sub-3:30 in the Madrid Marathon, and he will do it. ___35___ , it’s not written in stone, but I’m confident that he’s going to succeed.
21.
A. communication B. methods C. operations D. help
22.
A. Instead B. However C. Still D. Moreover
23.
A. pride B. challenges C. excuses D. anxiety
24.
A. changed B. continued C. returned D. appeared
25.
A. misses B. enjoys C. avoids D. regrets
26.
A. goal B. fear C. hobby D. contest
27.
A. honor B. experience C. opportunity D. passion
28.
A. links B. represents C. judges D. reminds
29.
A. ignore B. control C. announce D. set
30.
A. informal B. exciting C. stressful D. unworthy
31.
A. doubted B. repeated C. admitted D. believed
32.
A. turn down B. focus on C. show off D. look into
33.
A. budget B. consumption C. injury D. distance
34.
A. friendship B. flexibility C. consistency D. honesty
35.
A. Generally B. Obviously C. Strangely D. Fortunately
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Eduardo与的马拉松的故事
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是一名有视力问题的马拉松运动员，需要帮助来训练和比赛。A. communication沟通；B. methods方法；C. operations操作；D. help帮助。根据前文的“He’s a marathon runner with an eye problem”和后文“to train and to compete”可知，他有视力问题，故需要帮助来训练和比赛。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不喜欢马拉松训练。A. Instead相反；B. However然而；C. Still仍然；D. Moreover此外。根据前文的“Eduardo has been running longer than me, and has more desire than any person I know.”和后文“he didn’t like training for a marathon”可知，本空前后的句子为转折关系。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他焦虑地跑步，没有明确的目标，对训练感到厌倦，也没有和很多人一起训练。A. pride骄傲；B. challenges挑战；C. excuses借口；D. anxiety焦虑。根据前文的“he didn’t like training for a marathon”和后文“without a clear goal, got bored with training and didn’t train with many people.”可知，他不喜欢马拉松训练，没有明确的目标，故他焦虑地跑步。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在一切都变了，他有一个为期18周的训练计划，每周跑步6天，他意识到自己更喜欢跑步了，因为他有了一个目标——每天都取得一点进步。A. changed改变；B. continued继续；C. returned返回；D. appeared出现。根据前文的“without a clear goal”和后文“he has an 18-week training plan where he runs six days a week”可知，由没有目标地跑步，到现在的具体目标，这是变化。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在一切都变了，他有一个为期18周的训练计划，每周跑步6天，他意识到自己更喜欢跑步了，因为他有了一个目标——每天都取得一点进步。A. misses未命中；B. enjoys喜欢；C. avoids避免；D. regrets遗憾。根据后文“running more because he has a 6 —to make a little progress every day. ”可知，他有具体目标，喜欢跑步了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在一切都变了，他有一个为期18周的训练计划，每周跑步6天，他意识到自己更喜欢跑步了，因为他有了一个目标——每天都取得一点进步。A. goal目标；B. fear恐惧；C. hobby爱好；D. contest竞赛。根据后文的“to make a little progress every day”可知，他有了一个跑步的目标。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对跑步的共同热情将我们联系在一起。A. honor荣誉；B. experience经验；C. opportunity 机会；D. passion激情。根据前文的“He runs with me, one who loves running so much and with the training group at La Tapia de Madrid.”可知，二人对跑步有激情。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对跑步的共同热情将我们联系在一起。A. links联系；B. represents代表；C. judges判断；D. reminds提醒。根据前文的“The 7 we share for running”可知，跑步的共同热情将“我们”联系在一起。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德华多和我牵着一根绳子一起跑——我必须控制转弯、不同的地形和障碍物。A. ignore忽略；B. control控制；C. announce宣布；D. set设置。根据后文“turns”可知，跑步时控制转弯。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有压力，但我从未在别人面前承认过这一点。A. informal非正式；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. stressful压力大的，紧张的；D. unworthy不值得。根据前文的“Eduardo and I run together by a rope-I have to 9 turns, different terrain (地形) and barriers.”可知，这样跑步是有压力的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这很有压力，但我从未在别人面前承认过这一点。A. doubted怀疑；B. repeated重复；C. admitted承认；D. believed相信。根据前文的“have never”和空后的“this in the presence of others”可知，“我”从未在别人面前承认过有压力这一点。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们关注的主要事情是自信地跑步，从整体上享受跑步。A. turn down把音量调低；B. focus on关注；C. show off炫耀；D. look into调查。根据后文的“run confidently and enjoy running as a whole.”可知，自信地跑步，从整体上享受跑步是“我们”关注的主要事情。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，爱德华多和不同的人一起跑步，但有一个固定的节奏和距离目标。A. budget预算；B. consumption消耗；C. injury损伤；D. distance距离。根据前文的“with a fixed goal of”可知，爱德华跑步有一个距离目标。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他已经进行了五周的训练，但他说他会坚持下去，因为他知道坚持是提高体能的方法。A. friendship友谊；B. flexibility灵活性；C. consistency连贯性；D. honesty诚实。根据前文的“He has taken five weeks of training, but he says he will keep on doing it”和后文“can be the way to improve his fitness.”可知，想提高体能不能不连贯、不坚持。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，这不是板上钉钉的事，但我相信他会成功。A. Generally通常；B. Obviously显然；C. Strangely奇怪的是；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文的“it’s not written in stone”可知，显然这不是板上钉钉的事。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Camellias (山茶花) are available in a great range ___36___ colors — red, pink, white and mixed colors. For the longest time, the golden camellias lived in a valley ___37___ was unknown to the outside world.
In the 1960s, Chinese scientists announced their discovery of the golden camellias. It was an ___38___ (amaze) announcement for the international gardening community. Also, the discovery made ___39___ achievable to create yellow camellias, though creating a new kind of golden camellia was not very easy.
Unfortunately, in the past, golden camellias were cut down in large numbers because ___40___ (local) needed the limited land space for farming. In 1986, a nature reserve (自然保护区) ___41___ (build) in a mountain valley from 200 to 500 meters above sea level, so the camellias could be well protected. Years ago, Huang Zainian and his brothers took up the work. In the past 10 years, the Huang brothers have made a great ___42___ (contribute) in protecting the camellias. Even in hard times they didn’t cut down any golden camellias.
Year after year, the Huang brothers spent much time working ___43___ eventually made their hard work pay off. Now the golden camellia is ___44___ city flower of Fangchenggang. And life for the Huang brothers is greatly improved by ____45____ (plant) golden camellias.
【答案】36. of 37. which##that
38. amazing
39. it 40. locals
41. was built
42. contribution
43. and 44. the
45. planting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了金茶花的发现、保护和黄氏兄弟的贡献。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：山茶花有很多种颜色可供选择——红色、粉红色、白色和混合色。固定短语：a great range of，意为“大范围的”，符合句意。故填of。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：很长一段时间，金色的山茶花生活在一个不为外界所知的山谷里。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为“valley”，指物，关系词在定语从句中担当主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这对国际园艺界来说是一个惊人的消息。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的“announcement”。动词amaze的形容词有两种形式：amazing“惊人的”，常修饰物；amazed“感到惊讶的”，常修饰人的感情。故填amazing。
【39题详解】
考查it作形式宾语。句意：此外，这一发现使得培育出黄色山茶花成为可能，尽管培育出一种新的金色山茶花并不容易。此处作形式宾语，代指真正的宾语“to create yellow camellias”，应用代词it。故填it。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：不幸的是，在过去，由于当地人需要有限的土地空间来耕种，金茶花被大量砍伐。local“当地人”，可数名词，数量大于一，应用名词复数形式。故填locals。
【41题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：1986年，在海拔200至500米的山谷中建立了一个自然保护区，因此山茶花可以得到很好的保护。根据时间状语“In 1986”可知，应用一般过去时；主语为“a nature reserve”，单数，和动词“build”之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，黄氏兄弟为保护山茶花做出了巨大的贡献。固定短语：make a great contribution to，意为“对……做出巨大贡献”，符合句意。故填contribution。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：年复一年，黄氏兄弟花了很多时间工作，最终他们的辛勤劳动得到了回报。空前“the Huang brothers spent much time working”和空后“eventually made their hard work pay off”之间为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，金山茶是防城港的市花。此处修饰名词，表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：黄氏兄弟的生活因种植金茶花而大大改善。此处作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填planting。
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Adams因为没有按时完成作业受到老师的批评。他写信向你征求建议。请你给他写一封回信, 内容包括:
1. 表示安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Adams,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Adams,
How are you these days I’m very sorry to hear that you have been scolded by your teacher for not having finished your homework in time, and extremely concerned about you. So I’m writing to give you some practical advice about it.
First of all I strongly suggest that you should develop a good habit by making a reasonable study plan, which will surely improve your study efficiency. In addition, you’d better break down your big tasks into small ones and I’m sure you will feel less stressed by doing that. Last but not least, making full use of your spare time is also a good choice.
I sincerely hope my suggestions will be of great help to you. Meanwhile, try your best to make progress in your study as quickly as possible.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给因为没有按时完成作业而受到老师的批评的英国笔友Adams写一封回信表示安慰并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
责备：scold→criticise
担心：be concerned about→be worried about
极其；十分：extemely→particularly
利用：make use of→take advantage of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Meanwhile, try your best to make progress in your study as quickly as possible.
拓展句：Meanwhile, It is time that you should try your best to make progress in your study as quickly as possible.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, I strongly suggest that you should develop a good habit by making a reasonable study plan, which will surely improve your study efficiency.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Last but not least, making full use of your spare time is also a good choice.(运用了动名词短语作主语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am Denise Clarice, the only one in my class who does not have a pet. No dog waits for me at the bus stop. No cat sits beside me while I read. But I don’t feel sorry. Why
The rule about no pets at our house is not because my parents are mean. Mom and Dad are very nice, and I know they like dogs because they always stop to pet Maurice, the dog who lives next door.
The rule is not because I am too young to have pets, because I am 11 years old. Besides, I am very responsible. I always return library books on time and I do my homework every day, even when I would rather play in the grass. The rule about no pets is because of Kevin. He is my little brother and he has allergies (过敏). Pets make him sneeze (打喷嚏).
One day when I was walking home from school, feeling sad because there is no dog waiting at home for me, I heard a soft little sound from behind a tree. I stopped and listened. There it was. I heard the sound again.
I walked quietly up. A tiny ball of gray fur looked up at me and said, “Meow.” Before I knew it, I was holding the cat. Again, before I knew it, I was walking toward home, holding the cat in my arms. She must be lost. Finders keepers, I told myself.
Arriving home, I took the cat directly to my room. We played with a ball, and she jumped high to catch the ball. I made a comfortable little bed for her in a box with an old towel (毛巾) and gave her milk to drink. Then my mother called me to dinner.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I ate fast so I could go back to my room to play with the cat.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing my explanation, my dad asked me to take the cat to the house with a tree in front.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I ate fast so I could go back to my room to play with the cat. “Slow down, Denise,” says my dad. Then my mom says, “Kevin, what’s wrong ” I look at Kevin the Pest. Oh, no. His eyes are red and he looks like he is crying. Then he starts sneezing. He sneezes three times without stopping. “Allergies,” says my dad. “Uh-oh,” I say, and they all look at me, even my other brother, Jacob Jay. I have to explain about the kitten and the garbage can and the soft little sound.
Hearing my explanation, my dad asked me to take the cat to the house with a tree in front. The boy who answers is Kevin’s age. “Shadow!” he yells, and grabs the kitten. The boy’s mother comes to the door and tells us that they had left a window open. When they came home, Shadow was gone. She thanks us for bringing Shadow back safely. Dad takes my hand and we hold hands all the way home. I am still sorry I can’t have a pet, but I am not lonely.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的弟弟对宠物过敏，所以家中不能有宠物。一次，作者回家途中捡到了一只小猫，作者偷偷带回去，弟弟的过敏反应让作者的父母得知了真相。后来，父母帮助作者将猫还给了猫主人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我吃得很快，所以我可以回到我的房间和猫玩。”以及第二段首句内容“听了我的解释，爸爸让我把猫带到前面有一棵树的房子里。”可知，第一段可描写弟弟的过敏反应让作者的爸爸妈妈知道了真相。
②由第二段首句内容“听了我的解释，爸爸让我把猫带到前面有一棵树的房子里。”可知，第二段可描写作者的爸爸帮作者把猫还给了猫主人。
2.续写线索：作者从未拥有过宠物，因为作者的弟弟对宠物过敏——作者对此有点难过——一次放学回家的途中，作者捡到了一只迷路的猫——作者情不自禁将猫带回了家——吃饭时，弟弟的过敏反应让作者的爸爸妈妈得知了真相——作者的爸爸让作者联系了失主，作者将猫还给了主人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：start/begin
②大喊大叫：yell/cry
③失踪：be gone/be missing/be lost
情绪类
①感谢：thank sb./express one’s gratitude
②孤独的：lonely/desolate
【点睛】【高分句型1】The boy who answers is Kevin’s age.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】The boy’s mother comes to the door and tells us that they had left a window open.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）2023—2024学年(上)高二年级期中考试
英语
考生注意:
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上, 并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What will the man do on Friday
A. Attend a party. B. Go on a business trip. C. Eat out with the woman.
2. Where does this conversation probably take place
A. In a store. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.
3. When will the man’s flight leave
A. At 6:30. B. At 7:20. C. At 10:10.
4. What does the woman worry about
A. Jeff won’t know what to say.
B. Jeff won’t come to the meeting.
C. Jeff won’t speak before a large crowd.
5. What does the woman mean
A. Jack gets angry easily.
B. Jack feels terrible.
C. Jack always behaves badly.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6, 7题。
6. Where does Jack live now
A. In Chicago. B. In New York. C. In Washington.
7. What does Jack usually do in his free time
A. He usually reads books. B. He usually watches TV. C. He usually plays basketball.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man think of ball sports
A. Difficult. B. Crazy. C. Interesting.
9. Who once taught the man to play baseball
A. His friend. B. His father. C. His coach.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a classroom. B. On the beach. C. In an apartment.
11. Why did the woman leave Beijing
A. To enjoy the beach time.
B. To learn some business skills.
C. To escape Beijing’s heat.
12. What did the woman probably think about seafood
A. She didn’t like it. B. She thought it terrible. C. She thought it delicious.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. How many universities has the man attended
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
14. What is the man doing
A. Seeking a job. B. Offering help. C. Introducing a university.
15. What does the man advise the woman to study
A. Writing. B. Physics. C. Math.
16. What is the woman worried about
A. Her grades. B. Her cost for college. C. Her parents’ health.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. How long does Sam do sports every day
A. One hour. B. Four hours. C. Five hours.
18. What ball game does Sam like best
A. Football. B. Basketball. C. Volleyball.
19. Who went to plant trees last week
A. Sam. B. Amy. C. The speaker.
20. What does the speaker like doing
A. Doing sports. B. Serving others. C. Reading books.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Visit to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel
Vatican City is not only the smallest country in the world but also a treasure house of art and history. You can admire the impressive fresco paintings (壁画) of the Sistine Chapel, and explore the Vatican Museums, which house a big collection of masterpieces from ancient to modern times.
Skip-the-line tickets:
The best-selling tickets for access to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel. Skip (跳过) the line tickets with priority access.
Ticket Type Price Reservation (预定)
Entrance Full ?17.00/person ?4.00
Entrance Reduced ?8.00/person ?4.00
Reduced tickets:
Reduced tickets are available to children from 6 to 18 years of age, as well as students between the ages of 18 and 25. It is necessary to present a formal document at the university for the current year. There are no reductions for the over 65s.
Free entry:
Admission is free for children under 6 years of age. It is also free for disabled visitors and their carers. As it is not possible to book in advance, they will have to go directly to the “Special Permits” and /or “Reception” counters located in the entrance hall of the Vatican Museums.
Visit to the Vatican Museums and Sistine Chapel with audio guide
Ticket Type Price Reservation
Entrance +audio guide Full ?24.00/person ?4.00
Entrance +audio guide Reduced ?15.00/person ?4.00
Entrance +audio guide Children (under age 6) ?13.00/person ?4.00
1. What does the Sistine Chapel feature
A. Fresco paintings. B. Collected treasures.
C. The natural scenery. D. The style of buildings.
2. Which group can get reduced tickets
A. Kids under age 6. B. Students aged 6—25.
C. Adults aged over 65. D. People with disabilities.
3 How much will a couple with their 5-year-old pay for the tickets with audio guide
A. ?48.00. B. ?61.00. C. ?63.00. D. ?75.00.
B
When four young children were found after 40 days in the Colombian Amazon forest, the rescuers noticed that the oldest, 13-year-old Lesly Mucutuy, had some seeds hidden between her teeth.
The seeds were from a native Amazon palm tree known as “milpesos” in Colombia. Its fruits are rich in fat and Amazon tribes use them to make a vegetable oil. “She was keeping them so that the warmth of her mouth would open up the seeds and she could feed the pulp (果肉) to her younger sisters and brothers,” said Eliecer Mu oz, one of the four guards who made the very first contact with the children. “That’s how they stayed alive.”
Survival experts have been trying to answer this question: How did the four children—the youngest just a baby—survive in the heart of the Amazon rainforest for so long The stretch of the jungle they were found in is one of the most remote and difficult to reach in Colombia, where wild animals and poisonous insects are plentiful, rains can pour for over 15 hours a day and visibility is sometimes limited to 10 meters due to the thick vegetation. In more than a month without adults, they appear to have survived on wild fruits and three pounds of cassava flour, a high-protein traditional food of the Amazon diet, which they got from the wreckage (残骸) of the plane. When found, the children had bottles they used to collect water, either from streams or from the rain.
While their survival remains a marvel, it was no doubt facilitated by traditional knowledge of the forest they acquired from a remarkably young age. Lesly, in particular, is praised for not only staying alive herself, but also making sure her younger sisters and brothers would survive following the loss of their mother in the plane crash.
Nelly Kuiru, an activist, believes that her courage goes far beyond botanical skills: “Ancestral, traditional knowledge is more than that Lesly learnt to pick fruits, but there’s something much deeper there, a spiritual connection with the forest surrounding us.”
4. Eliecer Mu oz viewed Lesly’s keeping seeds in her mouth as____________.
A. a survival skill B. a rescue technique
C. an eating habit D. a unique culture
5. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about
A. The exact cause of the plane crash.
B. The detailed search and rescue operations.
C. The food the children depended on to stay alive.
D. The difficulty of surviving in the Amazon rainforest.
6. Which words can best describe Lesly
A. Talented and experienced. B. Intelligent and responsible.
C. Honest and knowledgeable. D. Creative and open-minded.
7. What does Nelly Kuiru mainly want to show in the last paragraph
A. Botanical skills are more important than courage.
B. Lesly learned to find food in the forest from her ancestors.
C. Lesly is connected with her living environment spiritually.
D. Picking fruits is the basic knowledge to survive in the forest.
C
The cultural products we create reflect the times we live in. “Works of popular culture, we reasoned, should reflect the extent to which nature occupies our collective consciousness (集体意识), ” says psychologist Dr Selin Kesebir. “If novelists, songwriters or filmmakers have fewer encounters with nature these days than before, or if they don’t expect their audiences to respond to it, nature would feature less frequently in their works.”
The researchers drew up a list of 186 nature-related words belonging to four categories: general words relating to nature such as cloud, or sunrise; names of flowers; names of trees; and birds’ names. Then they analyzed how often these occurred in the output of popular culture. They looked at English-language fiction, pop songs and film plots, each of which featured thousands of examples.
The results were consistent across books, songs and movies. “The space taken by nature has been decreasing in the collective imagination and cultural conversation since the 1950s. Nature features significantly less in English popular culture today than it did in the first half of the 20th century” says Dr Kesebir.
Why Some people suggest it’s the growth of cities that has fuelled the change. “Urbanization swallows up natural areas and cuts people off from their natural surroundings,” says Dr Kesebir. But, she goes on, the growth rate of cities over the 20th century is gradual, but the data shows a marked change from the 1950s onwards. So it’s not just the fact that fewer of us are living in rural areas that explains the decline (减少).
More likely, she believes, we’re seeing the impact of technological change leading to more indoor recreational activities. Yes, TV, video games and the Internet are to blame. “These technologies may well have been substituted for nature as a source of joy, recreation and entertainment.”
Books, songs and films shape our culture as well as reflecting it, says Dr Kesebir. “The declining cultural attention to nature means a muting of the message that nature: is worth paying attention to and talking about. It also means a loss of opportunities to awaken curiosity, appreciation and awe for nature.”
8. How did the researchers conduct their study of popular culture
A. By having interviews. B. By doing field research.
C. By analyzing collected data. D. By referring to previous studies.
9. How did English popular culture change after the 1950s
A. It highlighted fictional stories. B. It caught the public’s imagination.
C. Its nature elements were greatly reduced. D. Its focus shifted from fiction to conversations.
10. What’s largely responsible for the change according to Dr Kesebir
A. Technology. B. The population.
C. City development. D. The environment.
11. What does the underlined word “muting” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Explanation. B. Silence. C. Exchange. D. Emphasis.
D
Bottlenose dolphin moms adapt their individually special whistles (口哨) when their babies are nearby. This “parentese” might increase attention, bonding (联系) and vocal learning in babies, as it seems to do in humans.
During the first few months of life, each common bottlenose dolphin develops a unique tune, or signature whistle, similar to a name. The dolphins shout out their own “names” in the water “likely as a way to keep track of each other,” says marine biologist Laela Sayigh. But dolphin moms seem to adjust that tune in the presence of their babies, which tend to stick by mom’s side for three to six years.
Sayigh and colleagues analyzed signature whistles from 19 female dolphins both with and without their babies close by. Audio recordings were got from a wild population that lives near Sarasota Bay, Fla., during catch-and-release health assessments that occurred from 1984 to 2018. The researchers examined 40 examples of each dolphin’s signature whistle, confirmed by the unique way each vocalization’s frequencies change over time. Half of each dolphin’s whistles were voiced in the presence of her baby. When youngsters were around, the moms’ whistles contained, on average, a higher maximum and slightly lower minimum pitch(音高)compared with those voiced in the absence of babies, contributing to an overall widened pitch range.
These whistle adjustments echo baby talk because human caregivers use real words and language, just with certain inflections (变调), Sayigh says. Formally called child-directed communication, these inflections typically involve higher pitches and a wider pitch range, like what was observed in the dolphins. “Bottlenose dolphins are a main candidate for child-directed communication,” says Quincy Gibson, a marine mammal behavioral ecologist. Similar to humans, these dolphins form strong mother-baby bonds and learn vocalizations.
But to confirm this study’s results, scientists should analyze signature whistles of freely swimming, uncontrolled dolphin moms, notes Gibson. “We do need to look at this question in more natural and undisturbed conditions.” Still, Gibson says, “The idea that there might be similar forces driving parentese in such different species is just really cool.”
12. What can be learned about a bottlenose dolphin’s signature whistle
A. It warns of danger. B. It’s voiced by females.
C. It’s targeted at babies. D. It varies individually.
13. What kind of whistles did a dolphin mom give with her babies nearby
A. Whistles with a stable frequency. B. Whistles hard to record.
C. Whistles with a broader pitch range. D. Whistles with a lower maximum pitch.
14. According to Gibson, the study would be more convincing if_________.
A. more dolphins had been involved
B. the subjects had included different species
C. the dolphins had been studied in the natural environment
D. the dolphins had been studied when they were younger
15. What could be a suitable title for the text
A. Dolphins and Humans Have Much in Common
B. Bottlenose Dolphins Communicate Like Humans
C. Dolphin Moms Use Baby Talk to Bond with Young
D. Dolphins Have a Highly Advanced Spoken Language
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wanting to spend some time camping this summer But you’ re afraid it’s going to be a disaster You needn’t worry. ___16___ . With a little preparation and a little help from a camp planner, you can have the camping experience of your dreams.
Discuss Camping with Your Children
A little preparation goes a long way. If your children have never camped, they may be scared or resistant to the idea. Talk with them about what camping will be like and what they will experience. Highlight the fun things but don’t avoid things that they may be afraid of or unsure about. ___17___ .
Pack in-Case-of-Rain Activities
No one likes rain when they are trying to enjoy the outdoors, but sometimes even if you check your local forecast, rain happens. ___18___ , like playing cards and a chess set to wait out the rain. Rainy afternoons are also a perfect time for naps and storytelling. Some favorite family memories can be made waiting for the rain to pass.
Pack Special Snacks
___19___ . Cookies and roasted marshmallows are some good foods and you can find some more fun treats to share on your camping adventure like walking tacos and campfire chili. Camp food can become long-lasting traditions in your family.
Use a Camping Planner
Let’s face it — planning a camping trip can be a lot. ___20___ . You can use a camping planner to help you get organized and make sure you have a truly memorable camping experience. The Camping Planner includes a comprehensive packing checklist, a camp meal planner and grocery shopping lists, along with lists of your favorite camping spots and places to try in the future and so much more.
A. But you don’t have to do it all alone
B. Make sure you pack necessary things
C. Here are some of our favorite natural games
D. Camping without special snacks is not perfect
E. Open the conversations and answer them honestly
F. An interesting trip unnecessarily means an easy one
G. Camping can be a wonderful experience for your family
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This is the dream of my running partner: Eduardo. He’s a marathon runner with an eye problem who needs ___21___ to train and to compete.
Eduardo has been running longer than me, and has more desire than any person I know. ___22___ , he didn’t like training for a marathon. He ran with ___23___ , without a clear goal, got bored with training and didn’t train with many people.
Now it has ___24___ —he has an 18-week training plan where he runs six days a week, and he has realized he ___25___ running more because he has a ___26___ —to make a little progress every day. He runs with me, one who loves running so much and with the training group at La Tapia de Madrid. The ___27___ we share for running is what ___28___ us.
Eduardo and I run together by a rope-I have to ___29___ turns, different terrain (地形) and barriers. It’s ___30___ , but I have never ___31___ this in the presence of others. The main thing we ___32___ is to run confidently and enjoy running as a whole.
Now, Eduardo goes running with different people, but with a fixed goal of rhythm (节奏) and ___33___ . He has taken five weeks of training, but he says he will keep on doing it, because he has understood ___34___ can be the way to improve his fitness.
Eduardo wants to run sub-3:30 in the Madrid Marathon, and he will do it. ___35___ , it’s not written in stone, but I’m confident that he’s going to succeed.
21.
A. communication B. methods C. operations D. help
22.
A. Instead B. However C. Still D. Moreover
23.
A. pride B. challenges C. excuses D. anxiety
24.
A. changed B. continued C. returned D. appeared
25.
A. misses B. enjoys C. avoids D. regrets
26.
A. goal B. fear C. hobby D. contest
27.
A. honor B. experience C. opportunity D. passion
28.
A. links B. represents C. judges D. reminds
29.
A. ignore B. control C. announce D. set
30.
A. informal B. exciting C. stressful D. unworthy
31.
A. doubted B. repeated C. admitted D. believed
32
A. turn down B. focus on C. show off D. look into
33.
A. budget B. consumption C. injury D. distance
34.
A. friendship B. flexibility C. consistency D. honesty
35.
A. Generally B. Obviously C. Strangely D. Fortunately
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Camellias (山茶花) are available in a great range ___36___ colors — red, pink, white and mixed colors. For the longest time, the golden camellias lived in a valley ___37___ was unknown to the outside world.
In the 1960s Chinese scientists announced their discovery of the golden camellias. It was an ___38___ (amaze) announcement for the international gardening community. Also, the discovery made ___39___ achievable to create yellow camellias, though creating a new kind of golden camellia was not very easy.
Unfortunately, in the past, golden camellias were cut down in large numbers because ___40___ (local) needed the limited land space for farming. In 1986, a nature reserve (自然保护区) ___41___ (build) in a mountain valley from 200 to 500 meters above sea level, so the camellias could be well protected. Years ago, Huang Zainian and his brothers took up the work. In the past 10 years, the Huang brothers have made a great ___42___ (contribute) in protecting the camellias. Even in hard times they didn’t cut down any golden camellias.
Year after year, the Huang brothers spent much time working ___43___ eventually made their hard work pay off. Now the golden camellia is ___44___ city flower of Fangchenggang. And life for the Huang brothers is greatly improved by ____45____ (plant) golden camellias.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Adams因为没有按时完成作业受到老师的批评。他写信向你征求建议。请你给他写一封回信, 内容包括:
1. 表示安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Adams,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am Denise Clarice, the only one in my class who does not have a pet. No dog waits for me at the bus stop. No cat sits beside me while I read. But I don’t feel sorry. Why
The rule about no pets at our house is not because my parents are mean. Mom and Dad are very nice, and I know they like dogs because they always stop to pet Maurice, the dog who lives next door.
The rule is not because I am too young to have pets, because I am 11 years old. Besides, I am very responsible. I always return library books on time and I do my homework every day, even when I would rather play in the grass. The rule about no pets is because of Kevin. He is my little brother and he has allergies (过敏). Pets make him sneeze (打喷嚏).
One day when I was walking home from school, feeling sad because there is no dog waiting at home for me, I heard a soft little sound from behind a tree. I stopped and listened. There it was. I heard the sound again.
I walked quietly up. A tiny ball of gray fur looked up at me and said, “Meow.” Before I knew it, I was holding the cat. Again, before I knew it, I was walking toward home, holding the cat in my arms. She must be lost. Finders keepers, I told myself.
Arriving home, I took the cat directly to my room. We played with a ball, and she jumped high to catch the ball. I made a comfortable little bed for her in a box with an old towel (毛巾) and gave her milk to drink. Then my mother called me to dinner.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I ate fast so I could go back to my room to play with the cat
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Hearing my explanation, my dad asked me to take the cat to the house with a tree in front.
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