UNIT 3 Period One
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．She had 500 leaflets to __________(把……塞进) into envelopes.
2．He must learn to control his ________(脾气).
3．Try to eat at least four ________(薄片) of bread a day.
4．As an absolute __________(最少量), you should spend two hours in the evening studying.
5．A __________(素食者) is a person who does not eat meat.
6．At the age of five，Mary showed __________(特别的) talent as a musician.
7．Try this new dish，which was created by our head______________(厨师).
8．Last month The school set up special dorms and______________(食堂) for foreign students.
9．Enjoying the local______________(菜肴) is one of the delights of the holiday abroad.
10．Can you write down the______________(菜谱) for this dish so that I can cook it at home
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
11．Prior ________ the meeting, we discussed the matter among ourselves.
12．New Zealand consists ________ a north island and a south land, both of which are surrounded by sea.
13．It was not a good thing; ________ the contrary, it was a big mistake.
14．At present, some adolescents tend ________(spend) more time playing games.
15．He was badly hurt. As ________ result, he didn’t participate in this activity.
16．On the whole, electricity ________(consume) decreases during the winter.
17．They walked hand ________ hand in silence along the beautiful beach.
18．________(shock), she couldn’t say a word at the bad news.
19．Thirty students would like to attend the class which aims to teach how ________(read) fast.
20．The quality of the recording is quite __________(exception).
Ⅲ．选用适当的短语填空
differ from; as a result; slice off; fill…with; prior to
21．He______________________ a thick piece from the loaf and ate it.
22．Can you help me________ this box ________ those books
23．All the tasks should have been completed ____________________ this Friday.
24．The rain yesterday was heavy. __________________________，the roads were flooded.
25．English______________________ Spanish in that it is not pronounced as it is written.
Ⅳ．完成句子
26．She______________________ her English.
她确实很努力地学习英语。
27．_______________________ to have a good rest and follow the doctor’s advice.
你要做的就是好好休息，听从医生的建议。
28．I am aware that being responsible is ____________________ to make a better society.
我知道，担当是一个更好的社会所需要的。
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
(2022·全国高考乙卷)The government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate，the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April，2016，the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5 g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar，putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge，according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content.
However，some high sugar brands have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices，milk－based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today’s figures，according to one government official，show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance，and the industry is playing its part.
( )29．Why was the sugar tax introduced
A．To collect money for schools.
B．To improve the quality of drinks.
C．To protect children’s health.
D．To encourage research in education.
( )30．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax
A．They turned to overseas markets.
B．They raised the prices of their products.
C．They cut down on their production.
D．They reduced their products’ sugar content.
( )31．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected
A．Most alcoholic drinks. B．Milk－based drinks.
C．Fruit juices. D．Classic coke.
( )32．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
A．It is a short－sighted decision. B．It is a success story.
C．It benefits manufacturers. D．It upsets customers.
Ⅱ．完形填空
Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food. Children who __33__ too much of the wrong types of foods are at __34__ risk of health conditions like fatness, heart disease and cancer. With all the ads for junk food, it can be hard to keep your child eating healthily. __35__, there are ways you can employ to __36__ children achieve this goal.
Serve your child mainly __37__ snacks, such as fruits and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese. Keep healthy snacks accessible by placing them on low shelves in the fridge or in the cabinets so your children can __38__ them when hungry.
If you don’t __39__ your child to eat a particular food, keep it out of the house. She/He can’t eat foods that aren’t __40__. Make less unhealthy foods—something you eat __41__. This will limit the _42_ of junk food your child can eat.
Don’t use junk food as a trading tool. __43__ children with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods __44__ makes this food more appealing and healthier foods less attractive, so __45__ non－food rewards.
Children learn by __46__ what you do. In my opinion, if you don’t want your child to eat too much junk food, model healthy eating and __47__ eating a lot of junk food yourself. Allow children to help pick out new, healthy foods for snacks.
( )33．A．eat B．waste
C．have D．make
( )34．A．lower B．better
C．higher D．bigger
( )35．A．Therefore B．However
C．Formally D．Finally
( )36．A．order B．see
C．help D．protect
( )37．A．unhealthy B．simple
C．poor D．healthy
( )38．A．cook B．reach
C．arrive D．afford
( )39．A．hope B．want
C．advise D．promise
( )40．A．here B．there
C．over D．out
( )41．A．immediately B．always
C．honestly D．rarely
( )42．A．quality B．character
C．amount D．shape
( )43．A．Providing B．Rewarding
C．Sharing D．Filling
( )44．A．only B．also
C．even D．ever
( )45．A．choose B．buy
C．exchange D．demand
( )46．A．remembering B．delaying
C．watching D．imagining
( )47．A．prevent B．keep
C．avoid D．ban
Ⅲ．语法填空
It’s almost a common belief that the best food you can find in a place is not in the fancy restaurants，48．________in the backstreets. These spots are usually away from popular tourist attractions，which means that to find them you’ll need the spirit of an 49．________(explore). That’s how I came across roujiamo when I was exploring Beijing. I found 50．____ restaurant that sold dishes from Xi’an when I explored the area around 51．________(I) office one day. I decided to try it out.
My roujiamo52．________(make) fresh，so the bread was still warm. It was soft when I bit into it, and the meat inside was delicious and tender. In fact，I enjoyed it so much that I ordered more to take home with me. Though it’s just a snack，it’s still quite filling and can 53．________(easy) satisfy your appetite.
There are a 54．________(various) of things you can put inside the “mo”，as the bread is called. For example，in certain areas in Xi’an，the meat 55．________(use) is usually beef，but in Gansu Province，mutton is more common. And the first roujiamo that I tried was made 56．________ pork. However it’s made，it’s still a tasty snack. And for an American like me who grew up57．________(eat) hamburgers，it’s a perfect combination of East and West.
【答案】
stuff
temper
Slices
minimum
5．vegetarian
6．exceptional
7．chef
8．canteens
9．cuisine
10．recipe
11．to
12．of
13．on
14．to spend
15．a
16．consumption
17．in
18．Shocked
19．to read
20．exceptional
21．sliced off
22．fill; with
23．prior to
24．As a result
25．differs from
26．does work very hard at
27．What you have to do is
28．what it takes
29．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April，2016，the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). ”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。
30．D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax. ”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。
31．D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However，some high sugar brands，like Classic Coca Cola，have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices，milk－based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax，as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. ”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。
32．B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Today’s figures，according to one government official，show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools. ”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。
33．A 句意：吃了太多不该吃的食物的孩子，有更高的健康风险。根据“Teaching your children healthy eating is important so they have a good relationship with food. ”及下文可知，整篇文章都与孩子的饮食有关。
34．C 句意：吃了太多不该吃的食物的孩子，有更高的健康风险。根据“like fatness, heart disease and cancer”可知，吃太多不健康的食物，有更高的健康风险，比如肥胖、心脏病和癌症。
35．B 句意：然而，你可以通过一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。分析前后句可知，这里为转折关系。
36．C 句意：然而，你可以通过一些方法来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。由下文提出的方法可知，这些方法应该是帮助孩子们的。
37．D 句意：为你的孩子提供健康的零食，如水果和蔬菜，或全麦饼干和奶酪。根据“such as fruits and vegetables or wholegrain biscuits and cheese”所列举的食物，可知都是健康的零食。
38．B 句意：把健康的小吃放在冰箱的低架子上或橱柜里，这样孩子们饿的时候就能够得着。孩子饿的时候就可以够得到食物，动词reach表示伸出(手)够到之意。
39．B 句意：如果你不想让你的孩子吃某种特定的食物，把它放在屋外。根据“keep it out of the house”可知，是不想要让孩子吃某种特定的食物。
40．B 句意：她/他不能吃那里没有的食物。这里指屋子里，所以用副词there。
41．D 句意：少做不健康的食物——那些你很少吃的东西。根据“Make less unhealthy foods”可知，父母很少吃的东西，孩子也会少吃。
42．C 句意：这将限制你的孩子可以吃的垃圾食品的数量。根据前句可知，少做不健康的食物，孩子吃的垃圾食品的数量也会减少。
43．B 句意：奖励孩子垃圾食品，或者用它来取悦孩子，为了让他们吃更健康的食物…… 根据前句“Don’t use junk food as a trading tool. ”可知，这里指为了奖励孩子，把垃圾食品当作奖励工具。
44．A 句意：只会让这些食物更有吸引力和让健康的食物不具有吸引力。根据“__11__ children with junk food or using it to please children to get them to eat healthier foods”可知，这样做只会带来不好的后果。
45．A 句意：所以选择非食物的奖励。根据前句可知，要选择非食物来奖励孩子。
46．C 句意：孩子通过观察你所做的来学习事物。根据常识可知，孩子往往会观察和模仿父母的行为。
47．C 句意：如果你不想让你的孩子吃太多的垃圾食品，那就做个健康饮食的榜样，避免自己吃太多的垃圾食品。根据“In my opinion, if you don’t want your child to eat too much junk food, model healthy eating …”可知，父母要做好健康饮食的模范，避免自己吃太多的垃圾食品。
48．but 考查连词。句意：几乎普遍认为，你能在一个地方找到的最好的食物不是在豪华餐厅里，而是在街头巷尾。not…but…意为“不是……而是……”，故本空应填连词but。
49．explorer 考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an可知，空格处应填可数名词单数形式。此处表示“探索者”，故填explorer。
50．a 考查冠词。句意：一天，我探访我办公室周围的区域时，发现一个卖西安食物的餐馆。restaurant为可数名词，此处表泛指，又因restaurant的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
51．my 考查代词。修饰名词office应用形容词性物主代词my。
52．was made 考查动词的时态和语态。本句中主语“My roujiamo”和动词make之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据上下文可知，此事发生在过去，故本空应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was made。
53．easily 考查副词。修饰动词satisfy应用副词，故填easily。
54．variety 考查固定用法。a variety of意为“各种各样的”。
55．used 考查非谓语动词。动词use与其所修饰的名词meat之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用use的过去分词形式作定语，故填used。
56．with 考查介词。句意：我尝的第一个肉夹馍是用猪肉做的。with表示“用”，故应用介词with。
57．eating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，在who引导的定语从句中，关系代词who指代先行词“an American”，在从句中作主语，因为动词eat和主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词作伴随状语。UNIT 3 Period Two
基础练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．We should make our __________(contribute) to the environment protection.
2．Being back with their family should provide emotional __________(stable) for the children.
3．The children gathered in the yard to set __________ fireworks.
4．I won’t have you __________(tell) me what to do; after all, I’m 18 years old, my dear mother.
5．Can I help you We have many ________(brand) and styles here.
Ⅱ．用适当的动词时态和语态填空
6．We first met in the Slender West Lake in 2010，and both of us felt immediately that we __________________(know) each other for years.
7．Yesterday，the city government rewarded those who __________________(make) contributions to the city’s construction in the last years.
8．You are expected to copy the words in the passage that __________________(underline).
9．The twins，who __________________(finish) their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
10．Arriving at the party in a great hurry，we were disappointed to find that the band __________________(stop) playing.
11．Returning to the camp，they were shocked to see everything __________________(ruin).
12．Julie was feeling a little blue because her mother __________________(lay) off from her job and she had lots of bills to pay.
13．It was the first time that my daughter __________________(ask) to sing in public and she was a bit nervous.
14．My aunt is a writer. She ________________(write) more than ten books since 2010．
15．Mr White came to our school in 2015，and since then he __________________(teach) us English.
Ⅲ．完成句子
16．The organisation publicly made an apology and promised to ____________________ charity.
该组织公开道歉并承诺为慈善事业捐款。
17．____________________ with Americans, he does not care for raw fish.
他不喜欢生鱼，这对美国人来说是常有的事。
18．You have to ____________________ before you going to see a film.
在你去看电影之前，你必须把你的房间打扫干净。
19．She _____________________ to play the piano at the age of four.
她四岁时开始学习钢琴。
20．The little girl _____________________ everything to do with cartoon.
这个小女孩确实对与卡通有关的一切都变得疯狂起来。
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
If you need an inspiring talk from a kindergartner, there’s a hotline for that. This free hotline is called “Joy4all Hotline”. If you call the phone number, you’ll hear recordings of kids sharing words of encouragement.
The Joy4all Hotline is a school project created at an elementary school in California. It’s run by an art teacher Maggie Clancy. Clancy started the hotline because she was concerned about the stressful things that her students had gone through. She aims to bring some joy back into the lives of her students, who range in age from 5 to 12．
To create the hotline, Clancy recorded her students. She instructed the kids to say something that had helped them during a difficult time. The hotline project also included the creation of posters. These posters displayed motivational phrases and were placed around town. The idea is to spread joy in the community.
When callers dial 707?968?8510, they are greeted by Clancy’s daughter. The 11?year?old welcomes them with the following menu：
“If you’re feeling mad, frustrated or nervous, press 1． If you need words of encouragement and life advice, press 2． If you need an inspiring talk from kindergartners, press 3． If you need to hear kids laughing with delight, press 4, and for encouragement is Spanish, press 5．”
When the project first started, Clancy hoped the hotline would receive 100 calls an hour. But within two days the hotline was getting over 500 calls an hour. Now, it is people with conquering anxiety and give people hope that will be good stuff happening more in the world. The project’s success proves how much the world currently needs this kind of positive messaging.
“I think people are just looking for ways to feel connected，” Clancy said. “I think this hotline does that in a very pure, sweet way. ”
( )21．Why did Clancy start the hotline
A．To spread joyful news reports. B．To support home schooling.
C．To introduce encouraging posters. D．To lift her students’ spirits up.
( )22．Through this hotline, callers can ______.
A．get Clancy’s life advice
B．talk with Clancy’s daughter
C．listen to the sound of kids’ laughter
D．hear the recordings of inspiring songs
( )23．What can we learn about Joy4all Hotline
A．It enjoys an increasing popularity.
B．It arouses people’s concern for kids
C．It proves the importance of happiness.
D．It changes people’s opinions on hotlines.
Ⅱ．七选五
Important Things to
Know When Dining Out
(2022·全国高考甲卷)Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. __24_. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites，always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. _25_.
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East，it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. _26__，instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile，you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
__27_. In Portugal，this would be a serious mistake，because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly，in Italy，never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in various countries. __28_ ，the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Ⅲ．语法填空
As I tried describing Thanksgiving Day to my in－laws(姻亲) in China, I could already see their eyes cloud over with 29．________(confuse) and sense the questions forming in their minds. So I attempted 30．________(translate) the holiday through things they were familiar with. I described the roast turkey as something similar 31．________ Peking duck. I compared the annual Thanksgiving show to the 32．________(year) Spring Festival Gala on Chinese New Year’s Eve. And I characterized 33．________ entire celebration as an American version of Winter Solstice(冬至) in China. Yet as much as my in－laws 34．________(nod) and smiled, I recognised that even these explanations were poor substitutes. No words could fully describe the Thanksgiving celebrations I had known in the US.
This 35．________(be) the kind of disappointment you face in cross－cultural communication. Despite all the differences, we can still sit down together and have heart－to－heart 36．________(discussion) about each other’s traditions. So in the spirit of my American holiday, I silently gave a moment of thanks for 37．________(have) such great in－laws in China, 38．________ cared enough to listen to their foreign daughter－in－law talk about Thanksgiving Day.
【答案】
contributions
stability
off
4．telling
5．brands
6had known
7had made
8have been/are underlined
9．had finished
10．had stopped
11．had been ruined
12．had been laid
13．had been asked
14．has written
15．has taught/has been teaching
16．contribute to
17．As is often the case
18．have your room cleaned
19．set about learning
20．does grow crazy about
21．D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“ Clancy started the hotline because she was concerned about the stressful things that her students had gone through. She aims to bring some joy back into the lives of her students, who range in age from 5 to 12．”可知，克兰西开通热线电话是为了给学生减压，使他们面对困难时能够振奋自己的精神状态。故选D项。
22．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“If you need to hear kids laughing with delight, press 4．”可知，通过该热线，来电者可以聆听孩子们的笑声。故选C项。
23．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“When the project first started, Clancy hoped the hotline would receive 100 calls an hour. But within two days the hotline was getting over 500 calls an hour. ”可知，该热线越来越受人欢迎。故选A项。
24．D 根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out ”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant ”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. ”。故选D。
25．F 根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites，always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
26．C 根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East，it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils ”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
27．G 根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal，this would be a serious mistake，because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly，in Italy，never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. ”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中request是关键词，说明在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
28．B 根据下文“…the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. ”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗。且此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
29．confusion 句意为：当我试图向我的中国姻亲们描述感恩节时，我已经可以看到他们眼中的困惑，并感觉到他们脑海中浮现的问题。设空处前是介词，其后应接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。故填confusion。
30．to translate 句意为：因此我试图用他们熟悉的事物来解释这个节日。attempt意为“努力；试图”，为及物动词，后常跟不定式作宾语。故填to translate。
31．to 句意为：我将火鸡描述成类似北京烤鸭这样的食物。(be) similar to sth. 为固定搭配，意为“与某物相似”。故填介词to。
32．yearly 句意为：我将一年一度的感恩节表演比作中国每年除夕夜的春节联欢晚会。设空处修饰名词短语Spring Festival Gala，应用形容词。故填yearly。
33．the 句意为：我把整个庆祝活动描述为美国版的中国冬至日。根据语境及句意可知，此处的庆祝活动特指上文提到的感恩节庆祝活动，应用定冠词限定。故填the。
34．nodded 句意为：尽管我的姻亲们点头微笑，但是我承认这些解释还是无法很好地让他们理解感恩节。分析句意并结合语境可知，作者描述的是过去的事情，且设空处与空后并列的smiled在形式上应保持一致，应用过去式。故填nodded。
35．is 句意为：在进行跨文化交流时，你就会面临这种失望。根据语境及句意可知，这是在跨文化交际中常遇到的问题，是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语This为单数概念，故填is。
36．discussions 句意为：尽管有这些(文化上的)差异，我们仍然可以坐在一起真诚地讨论彼此的(文化)传统。discussion意为“讨论；谈论”，为可数名词。根据语境可知，此处指作者多次与中国姻亲们谈话，应用复数形式。故填discussions。
37．having 句意为：因此，本着美国节日的精神，我对拥有这样好的中国姻亲而默默感恩，他们十分贴心地倾听他们的外国儿媳谈论感恩节。根据设空处前的介词for可知，此处应用have的动名词形式having，由此引出作者感激的原因。故填having。
38．who 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，逗号后内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 “such great in－laws”，指人，应用who引导该从句。故填who。UNIT 3 Period Three
基础练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空——语法部分
1．The troops went to the forest in search of the pilot who __________________(survive) the air crash.
2．This was the second time that I __________(meet) the same man in the same street.
3．I thought that our house had ____________(break) into.
4．No sooner had I got home than the rain ________(pour).
5．We ______________(hope) that you would come, but it was a pity that you didn’t.
6．I would rather I __________(throw) away the bad apples yesterday.
7．Before I knew it, an hour ______________(pass), and it was time to move on to dinner.
8．The teacher told us that our papers had ________________(grade).
9．By the time we got to the cinema, the film ______________(begin).
10．He said that his money ________________(use) up.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空——词汇部分
11．She grew to take an interest in the articles associated ________ Chinese women’s volleyball team.
12．Everyone, regardless ________ sex, age or educational background, looks forward to living a happy life.
13．It took me large ________(quantity) of time to accomplish the challenging task.
14．Hard work is fundamental ________ success.
15．As is known to us all, people like playing tricks ________ each other on April’s Day.
16．It is up to you ________(settle) the misunderstanding between you and Mary.
17．He’s not a little tired ________ I feel not a bit tired.
18．My suggestion is that he ________(eat) junk food as little as possible.
19．Our deeds should be ________(consist) with our words.
20．These books can be divided into several ________(category).
21．The doctor __________________________ a few more days in hospital.
医生建议他在医院再住几天。
22．_____________________ whether to take up physics or chemistry.
学物理还是化学由你决定。
23．Chinese are proud of _____________________ in the past years.
中国人对过去几年取得的成就感到自豪。
24．____________________ we let others know we care about them.
重要的是，我们让别人知道我们关心他们。
25．_____________________ one’s mistakes to others.
向别人承认自己的错误需要勇气。
提升练
Ⅰ．七选五
Having a healthy family life can lower risk of heart attack and boost your chance of living longer. __26__
Care for elders in a loving way
Caring for an elderly loved one is a wonderful way to show compassion and service, and it doesn’t mean you have to sacrifice everything. __27__ Kids and marriages can be powerfully impacted by how these decisions are handled, both negatively and positively. They thoroughly think through the potential impact of moving an aging parent into the home or providing extended care. A good boundary with an aging parent is to do occasional outgoings.
Cultivate an attitude of gratitude
Healthy families set a culture of being grateful for the things you appreciate in life, big and small. Set up a respectful space where at the end of each day, each family member share what they are grateful for. __28__
Keep treats out of sight (and out of mind)
What you see is what you want to eat. __29_ Put the sugary treats out of sight and leave colourful fruits and vegetables out on the counter or on the most visible shelves in the fridge so that you’re more likely to reach for a nutritious snack.
_30_
Healthy families will create a safe environment for healthy communication, where each individual feels like their feelings are acknowledged. When conflict arises, they don’t have to agree with each other but they still need to acknowledge each other’s feelings. They still feel their opinions are valued. They also learn tools for how conflicts can be resolved. No one shuts down, or runs away when there is disagreement. They work it out.
A．Fight fair
B．Live healthily
C．Keep healthy snacks highly visible in your kitchen.
D．If you keep fighting, you will hurt your family.
E．Here’s how to maximize this amazing health asset(资产).
F．This sets up an atmosphere of appreciation that all can benefit from.
G．Healthy families have boundaries with aging parents and grandparents.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何拥有健康的家庭生活的几点建议。
31．读后续写
A lone traveller was passing through a desert on a hot day. He was tired, feeling thirsty and hungry, too.
At least, he needed a shady spot to rest for a while. A big leafy tree came into view at some distance. He felt glad and said to himself, “I need water to drink now. ” Yes, he found a tumbler full of cold water on the ground right in front of him. He sat down there and started drinking the water little by little. Then he said to himself, “I need something to eat, right here. ” Immediately, a variety of dishes appeared before him. He was under the shade of a magical tree. That was the wishing tree. However, he didn’t know it at all.
Whoever was under it would have whatever he wished for! The traveller enjoyed the delicious food. He felt a bit sleepy. He wished for a nice bed. It was granted. He stretched himself comfortably on the soft mat. His legs ached, as he had walked a long distance. He hoped that someone would massage his feet. Yes, a young lady appeared near his feet. She started massaging his feet and legs. He soon fell asleep. After a long time he woke up. To his surprise, he found the lady was still sitting beside him. He now started thinking differently. “How can things happen like this Can I have things I wished for by merely asking for them Is it some kind of trick played by a magical demon(恶魔)？” he doubted. Oh, a true demon appeared in place of the nice lady! The demon was laughing naughtily at him. The traveller said to himself. “Is he going to eat me up？” Within no time the demon started jumping at him, with his mouth wide open.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The frightened traveller put on his shoes and ran away as fast as he could. _____________ _________________________________________________________________
Though he didn’t know the truth，__________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________
【答案】
had survived
had met
been broken
4．poured
5．had hoped
had thrown
had passed
been graded
had begun
10．had been used
11．with
12．of
13．quantities
14．to
15．on
16．to settle
17．while
18．(should)eat
19．consistent
20．categories
21．recommended that he stay
22．It’s up to you to decide
23．what they have achieved
24．What is important is that
25．It takes courage to admit
26．E 根据本空前的句子可知，健康的家庭生活能够降低患心脏病的风险并让你更长寿。下文又介绍了四点建议，此处需要一个承上启下的句子，E项中的“this amazing health asset”指的就是“Having a healthy family life”，故E项(下面是如何让你将这惊人的健康资产最大化)符合语境。
27．G 根据本空前的句子可知，关心老人并不意味着你要牺牲一切。再根据本段最后一句中的“A good boundary with an aging parent”可知，G项(健康的家庭与父母和祖父母是有界限的)正好承接上下文，故G项符合语境。
28．F 根据本空前的句子可知，建立一个互相尊重的空间，在每天结束的时候，每个家庭成员分享他们所感激的东西，F项(这营造了一种所有人都能受益的、感恩的氛围)正好总结上文，而且F项中的appreciation与前文中grateful为同义词，故选F。
29．C 根据本空前的“What you see is what you want to eat. ”及本空后的句子可知，看见什么就想吃什么，所以把含糖的食物放在看不见的地方，把健康的水果和蔬菜放在台面上，C项(在厨房的显眼处放一些健康的零食)正好对应这个话题，故C项符合语境。
30．A 此处为本段小标题，根据本段内容可知，本段讲的是家庭生活中健康的交流方式及其在家庭冲突中所起的作用，A项(公平竞争)最能概括本段内容，故A项符合语境。
31.One possible version：
The frightened traveller put on his shoes and ran away as fast as he could. He ran and ran for a long time. When he looked back at a distance, there was no demon at all. “What is all this Did things really happen Or was it all merely a dream？” the traveller started wondering, but he didn’t understand what had happened to him and didn’t have a good idea of solving that. “Perhaps, all is what one has in mind. One shouldn’t think bad things，” he thought.
Though he didn’t know the truth, he remembered not to do that again. Therefore, he restarted his journey. When he felt tired, he looked up and saw a tall tree in front of him, just like the tree he was once against. However, he didn’t dare to do that ever. He just put his legs on it, thinking to have a rest and sleep, but nothing happened. In the end, he understood what once happened to him. This tree wasn’t that tree.UNIT 3 Period Four
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．________(总体上), this is a very useful book.
2．He tried to sound ________(漫不经心的), but I knew he was worried.
3．He has a number of social ________(约会) next week.
4．We interviewed a great many candidates but none of them ________(使印象深刻) us.
5．My daughter ________(告知) me that she was pregnant.
6．The seaside had all sorts of pleasant ________(联想) with childhood holidays for me.
7．This book clearly falls into the ________(种类) of fictionalised autobiography.
8．Beijing Language and Culture University is ________(理想的) for you to learn Chinese culture.
9．A ________(基本的) change in the organisation of health services was required.
Ⅱ．短语填空
bring down; decide on; pull together; be equal to; manage to do; cut down; regardless of; popular with; argue over; be high in
10．He is having a high fever. First, we should ______________________ his temperature.
11．If we ______________________, we can finish it today.
12．How do you __________________ keep the place so tidy
13．We need to __________________ the date of tomorrow’s meeting. There is little time left.
14．In theory, the boss ____________________ the staff!
15．The Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，__________________ time and space.
16．Conservation groups have been _____________________the benefits and dangers of wolves.
17．If we fail to sell enough goods，compared with last year，we will have to _______________ on production.
18．Make maximum use of the whole fruit，including the pulp which _____________________ fibre.
19．The programme has become increasingly __________________________college students in the United States.
Ⅲ．完成句子
20．I ________________________ gardening, but I don’t have time for it now.
我过去喜爱园艺，但现在没时间去弄了。
21．You ________________________ him the news. He has known about it.
你本不必告诉他这个消息的。他已经知道这件事了。
22．When I paid a visit to Hangzhou, I __________________ the beauty of the West Lake.
当我去杭州游玩时，西湖的美丽给我留下了深刻的印象。
23．She is _________________________ that she always wears smile on her face.
她是一个乐观的女孩，她总是面带微笑。
24．My good friend _________________________ my classmate last week.
我的好朋友和我的同学上周订婚了。
提升练
Ⅰ．七选五
Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water. As we all know, drinking water benefits your skin, muscles and organs. __25__
The major reason for that is related to human biological needs. When you’re a baby, you’re 75 percent water. Then, as the years get higher, you get drier. _26_ It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham.
The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not. _27__ All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels. 84 overweight adults were involved. Among them 41 were told to “preload” with water, while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating. After 12 weeks, the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2．87 pounds more than those in the control group on average. In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9．48 pounds over the 12 weeks. __28_
Dr Helen Parretti, a lecturer at the University of Birmingham, had this to say of the study：__29__ Just drinking 500 ml of water, three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight and this could be an easy way for weight loss. Furthermore, it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight, making a potential contribution to public health.
A．Another reason to drink water is right here.
B．The study began with a weight management consultation.
C．The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple.
D．But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas.
E．It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood.
F．In contrast, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1．76 pounds.
G．So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们说明了喝水的重要性。
Ⅱ．完形填空
“For the final exam, instead of a written test, everyone will be required to give a ten?minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year，” Mr Marx announced.
Angela __30_. When Mr Marx passed around a sign?up sheet, Angela chose the topic of tadpoles(蝌蚪), but also made sure she picked the very __31_ time slot(时间空档) for presentation days. She wanted to put as much distance as possible between now and the moment she would have to speak __32__ the class.
Angela began having __33__ in sleeping at night. She dreamed of __34_ the final exam because she froze and _35__ her speech. Every classmate’s _36__ meant she was one step closer to having to present herself.
When the day arrived, Angela couldn’t eat breakfast, and she had to get through maths before science. She couldn’t __37__ at all. Her heart pounded as Mr Marx _38_ her name. She gathered her notecards with shaking hands and __39__ walked to the front of the room.
“Tadpoles，” she began, “are frogs or toads at the beginning of their life cycle. ” Then, something happened that she did not __40_ at all. She relaxed. Once she began, the words __41__ smoothly. She could see Mr Marx start to smile and nod _42__. After weeks of __43_ this moment, she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed.
“__44_ to do something can be worse than actually doing it，” Angela thought.
( )30．A．faced the music B．turned a deaf ear
C．had green fingers D．got butterflies
( )31．A．rare B．last
C．reliable D．practical
( )32．A．in honor of B．in front of
C．in place of D．in favour of
( )33．A．experience B．success
C．difficulty D．interest
( )34．A．failing B．taking
C．preparing for D．cheating in
( )35．A．missed B．forgot
C．changed D．delivered
( )36．A．expression B．introduction
C．invitation D．presentation
( )37．A．remember B．speak
C．concentrate D．imagine
( )38．A．called B．noticed
C．found D．declared
( )39．A．briefly B．directly
C．angrily D．slowly
( )40．A．expect B．promise
C．realize D．understand
( )41．A．spelt B．flowed
C．struck D．rang
( )42．A．violently B．respectfully
C．encouragingly D．thoughtfully
( )43．A．fearing B．desiring
C．doubting D．ignoring
( )44．A．Refusing B．Waiting
C．Attempting D．Deciding
45.Ⅲ．应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友James对中国传统节日端午节特别感兴趣。请你给James写一封邮件介绍该节日。
内容包括：
1．节日时间；
2．节日由来和意义；
3．节日活动。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Overall
casual
engagements
4．impressed
5．informed
6．associations
7．category
8．ideal
9．fundamental
10．bring down
11．pull together
12．manage to
13．decide on
14．is equal to
15．regardless of
16．arguing over
17．cut down
18．is high in
19．popular with
20．used to enjoy
21．needn’t have told
22．was impressed by
23．such an optimistic girl
24．made an engagement to
25．E 根据上文可知，本段主要是说喝水的重要性和对人体的益处。E项进一步阐述了喝水的好处，承接上文。
26．A 根据上文“The major reason for that is related to human biological needs. ”和下文“It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham. ”可知，此处是讲人需要喝水的两个原因。
27．B 本段主要讲的是研究者们所做的一个实验。B项引起下文，进一步介绍实验的细节，符合语境。
28．F 根据上文可知，F项“相反，那些一天只有一次在饭前喝水和从不在饭前喝水的人只减了1．76磅”与上文形成对比，突出了多在饭前喝水的好处，符合语境。
29．C 根据下文可知，减肥很简单，饭前喝水就可以。
30．D 考查习惯用语。句意：安吉拉感到不安。A． faced the music 承担后果；B． turned a deaf ear 充耳不闻；C． had green fingers 擅长园艺；D． got butterflies 感到不安。根据上文“For the final exam, instead of a written test, everyone will be required to give a ten?minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year(期末考试不是笔试，而是要求每个人就我们今年涉及的一个科学主题做10分钟的演讲 )”可知，期末考试改变了考试形式，肯定会有紧张不安的感受，所以此处用习惯用语 got butterflies, 表示“感到不安”，符合语境。故选D项。
31．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：马克思先生分发报名表时，安吉拉选择了蝌蚪的主题，但也确保她选择了最后一个演讲时间。A． rare 罕见的；B． last 最后的、最晚的；C． reliable 可信赖的；D． practical 实用的。根据第1题中的“got butterflies(感到不安)”可知，由于安琪拉对这个演讲很不安，所以她想尽可能晚的面对它，于是她选择了“最后”一个时间档来演讲。故选B项。
32．B 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他希望从现在到她必须在全班同学面前讲话这段时间，尽量保持距离。 A． in honor of 纪念；B． in front of 在……前面；C． in place of 代替；D． in favour of 支持、赞同。根据上文“have to speak”可知，此处用短语 in front of 指她需要在全班同学“面前”演讲，符合语境。故选B项。
33．C 考查名词辨析。句意：安吉拉晚上开始难以入睡。根据第1题中的“got butterflies(感到不安)”可知，安琪拉对演讲感到不安，会导致入睡有困难，所以此处用短语 have difficulty in doing sth 来表示“在某方面有困难”符合语境。故选C项。
34．A 考查动词及短语辨析。句意：她梦见期末考试不及格，因为她卡住了，忘了该说什么。preparing for 为……做准备； cheating in 欺骗。根据下文“because she froze”可知，此处指考试“失败；不及格”，符合语境。故选A项。
35．B 考查动词辨析。句意：同上。根据上文“because she froze”可知，此处指她“忘记了”演讲内容，符合语境。故选B项。
36．D 考查名词辨析。句意：每个同学的演讲都意味着她离自我展示又近了一步。根据下文“she was one step closer to having to present herself(她离展示自己又近了一步)”可知，此处是用 presentation 指学生们的“呈现、演讲”符合语境。故选D项。
37．C 考查动词辨析。句意：她根本无法集中注意力。根据上文“When the day arrived, Angela couldn’t eat breakfast, and she had to get through maths before science. ”可知，她在演讲这一天到来时，她是一种紧张和忙碌的状态，所以此处指无法“集中注意力”符合语境。故选C项。
38．A 考查动词辨析。句意：马克思先生叫她的名字时，她的心怦怦直跳。根据空格后的“her name”可知，此处用动词call表示老师“叫”她的名字时，心怦怦直跳，符合语境。故选A项。
39．D 考查副词辨析。句意：她用颤抖的手收集起便条，慢慢地走到教室前面。A． briefly 简要地；B． directly 直接地；C． angrily 愤怒地；D． slowly 慢慢地。根据上文“She gathered her notecards with shaking hands(她用颤抖的手把卡片收起来)” 可知。此时的状态是紧张的，所以用 slowly 表示“慢慢地”走到教室前，符合语境。故选D项。
40．A 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，发生了一件她完全没有预料到的事。根据下文的“She relaxed”和smoothly可知，她的演讲顺利，所以这应该是她没有“预料到”的事。故选A项。
41．B 考查动词辨析。句意：她一开口，话就说得很流畅。 根据空格后的 smoothly 可知，此处指她的演讲的话语像流水一样从她嘴中顺畅地“流出来”。故选B项。
42．C 考查副词辨析。句意：她看到马克思先生开始微笑，并鼓励地点点头。 A． violently 猛烈地；B． respectfully 恭敬地；C． encouragingly 鼓励地；D． thoughtfully 沉思地、体贴地。根据上文“Marx start to smile”可知，此处应该用encouragingly表示“鼓励地”点头，符合语境。故选C项。
43．A 考查动名词辨析。句意：几周以来，她一直在担心这一刻的到来，她简直不敢相信演讲竟然这么快就过去了。A． fearing 担心；B． desiring 渴望；C． doubting 怀疑；D． ignoring 忽略。分析语境可知，从得知考试形式要改为演讲时，安吉拉一直是紧张不安和担惊受怕的状态，再根据下文“she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed. ”所以此处用 fearing 表示这一“担忧”时刻持续数周以后，符合语境。故选A项。
44．B 考查动名词辨析。句意：“等着做比实际做更糟糕”安吉拉想。A． Refusing 拒绝；B． Waiting 等待；C． Attempting 尝试；D． Deciding 决定。分析全文内容可知，安吉拉在演讲前一直处于紧张不安的状态，等待演讲到来的过程是担惊受怕的，所以此处指“等待”要比实际做等糟糕。故选B项。
45.One possible version：
Dear James，
Hearing that you show great interest in the Dragon Boat Festival, I’m writing to share some basic facts about it with you.
The festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth Chinese lunar month. It is meant to memorize Qu Yuan — a great poet in ancient China — and promote his cultural spirit and patriotism. On this day, people get together to eat zongzi and watch dragon boat racing, cheering for their favourite teams. It’s also a time when people have a rest for a while and have fun with family.
Hopefully you can come and experience it personally.
Yours，
Li Hua UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
(2023·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour 7.50 5.00
3 hours 11.00 7.50
1 day (24 hours) 14.75 9.75
Each additional day 8.00 6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5?hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijks Museum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 p. m. every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
( )1．What is an advantage of MacBike
A．It gives children a discount. B．It offers many types of bikes.
C．It organizes free cycle tours. D．It has over 2，500 rental shops.
( )2．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A．15.75． B．19.50．
C．22.75． D．29.50．
( )3．Where does the guided city tour start
A．The Gooyer, Windmill. B．The Skinny Bridge.
C．Heineken Brewery. D．Dam Square.
B
When I was small, my mother and I would walk to our local library in Franklin Square. As we didn’t always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. It was at story time for children that both my mother and I made lasting friendships.
Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Gold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children’s Library. My 18－month－old son, Colin, and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week, meeting and making friends. Well, that is what many people don’t understand—a library is more than books; it’s a community.
Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. But it was also the place where I got my first e－mail address in 1997．At the library, friends and I learned how to research colleges and search for scholarships on the Internet. The library was the place where we sometimes giggled(咯咯地笑) too loudly, and where the librarians knew us by name. Their knowing our names wasn’t a bad thing. When I came home from my first term at Binghamton University, Mary LaRosa, the librarian at the Franklin Square library offered me my first teaching job.
I now teach reading at Nassau Community College. My students are often amazed that they can check out books via their smartphones and virtually visit a variety of Long Island libraries. The app used by Nassau and Suffolk county public libraries, as well as the college library, makes their homework easier by helping them find resources. Even though they can’t always easily visit their local libraries, the library is always with them.
( )4．Why does the author consider herself lucky today
A．She lives close to libraries.
B．She has access to a reliable car now.
C．She can meet friends at the library.
D．She has become her mother’s best friend.
( )5．What did the author do at the library according to the passage
A．She told stories to her mother. B．She learned how to go online.
C．She got her current teaching job. D．She initially read Judy Blume novels.
( )6．What is the author’s attitude to her students’ way of visiting libraries
A．Cautious. B．Favourable.
C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
( )7．Why does the author write the text
A．To express how libraries change.
B．To introduce her favourite libraries.
C．To express her deep love for libraries.
D．To discuss why libraries are important.
C
(2023·湖北武汉高二检测)There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level，we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families，holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale，traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go，and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However，the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available，so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally，immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them，but to people from different countries. Therefore，they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage(遗产)through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
( )8．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority.
( )9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old－fashioned taste.
( )10．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
( )11．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced.
C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
D
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground－breaking，five－year study shows that diet－related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago，the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals，such as “f” and “v”，were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland，has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age，with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter－gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran，a member of the research team.
( )12．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A．Its variety. B．Its distribution.
C．Its quantity. D．Its development.
( )13．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B．They could not open and close their lips easily.
C．Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D．Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
( )14．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Supporting evidence for the research results.
B．Potential application of the research findings.
C．A further explanation of the research methods.
D．A reasonable doubt about the research process.
( )15．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A．It is key to effective communication.
B．It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C．It is a complex and dynamic system.
D．It drives the evolution of human beings.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
Be at Your Best!
What does your brain need to work well Here are some things it needs.
Good food
Experts say that breakfast is much more important than any other meal. __16__. So don’t miss breakfast—especially before an exam! But you need to eat a good breakfast—junk food won’t work.
A regular supply of energy
Your brain needs a regular supply of energy, so you need to eat carbohydrates. They’re found in bread, rice, pasta and beans. __17__. They work more quickly than bread and rice, so they give you a short burst of energy, but afterwards you feel more tired.
A continuous supply of oxygen
Your brain needs oxygen, which it gets from exercise. __18__. You also need a good supply of iron because iron helps your blood to carry oxygen round your body.
Water
__19__. Not getting enough water will stop your brain from working well. And remember, water isn’t as expensive as sweet drinks!
__20__
Your brain needs several hours’ sleep, so it can “update” itself, just like a computer. Experts say that when you study for a test or an exam, you should get some sleep as quickly as possible after you’ve finished studying. This helps you to remember what you’ve learnt.
A．A short break
B．A good night’s sleep
C．It works best in the morning
D．Exercise improves your memory, too
E．Water is much better than sweet drinks
F．Your brain works better when you have eaten
G．Chocolate, biscuits and sweets are not good for your brain
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I keep a pocket knife in my handbag and it comes in handy for all sorts of things. I have __21__ carried it with me since I discovered it on a boat we bought and __22__ for about twenty years. It has been through many adventures with us.
I recently __23__ an interesting flight and was pulled up at the departure gate. When my bag went through the x－ray machine, my __24__ was discovered. I had forgotten it was there and as I rarely __25__, it hadn’t crossed my mind that it would be discovered and confiscated(没收). We had gone through the gate and it was the time for us to __26__ the plane so there wasn’t time for me to go __27__ and post it to myself.
The security lady at the gate saw that I was __28__ at losing one of my treasure possessions. They usually just threw away things that got confiscated. But she __29__ to post it to me if I wrote down the __30__ and gave her the postage money. I was so grateful that I tried to __31__ her and she asked me to stop as they weren’t supposed to do this and she would get into trouble if anyone found out.
The next day in the post I received a little package with my pocket knife and the __32__ from the $10 note I had given her, even though I had __33__ her to keep the rest for her __34__. It was so nice to be the recipient(接受者) of a kind deed like that.
Now I often do __35__ little things for others and have started using smile cards. Hopefully the world is becoming a kinder place bit by bit.
( )21．A．never B．always
C．hardly D．seldom
( )22．A．stayed in B．kept up
C．looked around D．lived on
( )23．A．invited B．hired
C．took D．brought
( )24．A．knife B．money
C．secret D．plan
( )25．A．walked B．spoke
C．thought D．flew
( )26．A．order B．follow
C．board D．find
( )27．A．ahead B．back
C．down D．up
( )28．A．anxious B．nervous
C．angry D．happy
( )29．A．refused B．offered
C．agreed D．pretended
( )30．A．number B．promise
C．time D．address
( )31．A．persuade B．satisfy
C．thank D．comfort
( )32．A．reward B．change
C．cost D．expense
( )33．A．urged B．encouraged
C．begged D．force
( )34．A．bravery B．support
C．kindness D．cleverness
( )35．A．difficult B．interesting
C．important D．some
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
(2023广东佛山高二检测)Food production is the course of changing raw ingredients into prepared food products. Food production includes industries 36．________ take raw food products and change them into items that can be sold in the market. Home food production includes 37．________(change) into forms for long－term storage.
The food production industry takes fruits，vegetables and grains directly in their harvested farms and 38．________(make) these food into the types of food products that are available for sale in supermarkets. Food production includes both simple processes，such as cleaning and packaging, 39．________ complex processes like adding different ingredients and artificial things. Food production processes create products with 40．________(long)shelf lives than raw food ingredients.
Some food production skills, like smoking and salting meats for long－term storage, go back 41．______prehistoric times. In the 19th century，canning 42．________(become) a popular method food production. Home cooks sometimes use traditional food production skills 43．________ (produce) food for their families.
Food production skills make food products have long shelf lives，but they also have disadvantages. During high－temperature processing，for example，raw foods lose nutrients. Food production industries also add artificial colours to make food 44．________(attract). Although governments test all these artificial things，many people question 45．________ it is totally safe to use them too much in food.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom看到你在微信上分享了学校最近举行的主题为“建造绿色家园”的植树活动，发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你用英语回复邮件。
内容包括：
1．活动情况简介；
2．活动的意义。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
When my little brother Tom was four，Mom said something like, “I’d give anything to have a few more hours in the day. ” And Tom said, “Why don’t we buy a bigger clock？” If time worked that way, I could have used an extra－big clock last week!
Our teacher had asked us to make an art project showing how plants eat. “I can’t believe we only have two nights to finish it，” Noah said with a sigh. “I have no idea how I’ll get mine done. ”
I didn’t say anything. Not because I was nervous—I wasn’t nervous at all. I love art projects! In fact，I was so relaxed that I didn’t work on the project at all on Monday night. I planned to start the minute I got home from baseball practice on Tuesday. But there was just one thing.
I forgot baseball would run later than usual because it was the day of Baseball Buddies，which happens every month, and it’s a chance for us older students to practise baseball with the adorable younger kids. The second I got home，I threw the entire craft box(手工盒) onto the kitchen table，took out my “How Plants Eat” paper，and started to work. But just then，the telephone rang.
It was my friend Ollie，who said his grandmother Abuela had just made cookies and wanted to know if I’d come to help decorate them. I love decorating cookies，and I love，love，love Abuela’s world－famous Thanksgiving cookies that only happen once a year!
I had no choice. I had to go. Ollie and I put all the star cookies with red jam filling in one group，and all the snowflakes with white cream－cheese filling in another. It was 7 o’clock when I finally got home. I planned to work on my project right after we ate. But then another interruption hit me.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Just as I was about to start, Dad said, “Joanna，it’s your turn to do the dishes. ”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
1．B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车). ”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
2．C 细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75＋8＝22.75欧元。故选C。
3．D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 p. m. every day (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始). ”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
4．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “As we didn’t always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. ”和第二段中的“Today, I am fortunate to live… Sea Cliff Children’s Library. ”可知，作者如今觉得自己很幸运，因为她现在住得离图书馆很近。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. ”可知，作者在那里初次接触和了解朱迪·布鲁姆的小说。
6．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者的学生经常用智能手机虚拟式获取图书馆资源，作者认为虽然他们不能实地拜访图书馆，但是这种方式也是不错的。
7．C 写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了自己从小到大与图书馆的紧密联系，字里行间饱含着对图书馆深深的爱。
8．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It also operates…homesickness. ”可知，文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
9．A 词义猜测题。根据上文中的“On a large scale，traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. ”可知，此句中的it指代“传统食物”。句意：在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，是文化认同的一种表达方式。移民们无论走到哪里都带着它，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。
10．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Additionally，…customers. ”可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆原有的菜肴是为了迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
11．B 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“We should…trying their food. ”可知，我们应该通过我们文化的食物来接受我们的文化遗产，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来了解其他文化。因此，作者对待不同的饮食文化的态度是均衡的。故选B。
12．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More than 30 years ago，the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals，such as ’f’ and ’v’，were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland，has found how and why this trend arose. ”可知Damian Blasi的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D项。
13．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构)，making it easier to produce such sounds. ”可知，因为古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。
14．A 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age，with the use of ’f’ and ’v’increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter－gatherer people today. ”可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果。故选A项。
15．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“’The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，’ said Steven Moran，a member of the research team. ”可知，Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。
16．F 根据上文提示“专家说早餐比其他任何一餐都重要。”再根据下文提示“所以不要错过早餐——尤其是在考试前！”，承接上下文，F项 “Your brain works better when you have eaten”符合题意，故选F。
17．G 下文中的they是关键词，我们要找出它所指代的内容。根据后文“它们比面包和米饭起作用更快，所以它们能给你短暂的能量，但之后你会感到更累。”可知，they对应G项中的 “Chocolate, biscuits and sweets”，故选G。
18．D 根据上文提示“你的大脑需要氧气，它从运动中获得”，所以下文应承接上文，继续说锻炼的好处，故D项 “Exercise improves your memory too”符合题意。
19．E 根据本段的小标题Water可知，本段内容应与water有关；再根据下文提示“没有足够的水会让你的大脑无法正常工作。”可知，E项 “Water is much better than sweet drinks”符合题意。故选E。
20．B 此空是一个小标题。根据上文的小标题结构可知，应该在A项和B项中选择。再根据下文提示“你的大脑需要几个小时的睡眠，所以它可以’更新’自己，就像电脑一样。”可推断，B项 “A good night’s sleep”符合题意，故选B。
21．B 句意：我一直携带着这把小刀。根据下文“… since I discovered it… for about twenty years. ”可知，自从发现了这把刀子，作者总是(always)把它带在身上。
22．D 句意：我在我们买的并且生活了20年的船上发现了它。由上文“I discovered it on a boat we bought and… ”中的and可知，空格处所填内容与“we bought”是并列成分，作定语，都用来修饰boat，根据定语与所修饰成分的合理搭配，选项D符合题意。
23．C 句意：我最近乘坐了一趟有趣的航班。根据an interesting flight可知，作者最近乘坐了一趟有趣的航班。
24．A 句意：我的小刀被发现了。根据上文“When my bag went through the X－ray machine… ”可知，是在过安检时，作者的小刀(属于违禁物)被发现了。
25．D 句意：我很少乘坐飞机，我几乎没有想起来小刀还在包里。根据下文“it hadn’t crossed my mind that it would be discovered and confiscated (没收)”可知，作者这方面的经验不足，连基本的不能携带刀具的常识都不知道，可见作者很少乘坐飞机。
26．C 句意：到登机的时间了。根据空格后“the plane”可知此时是到了作者登机的时间了。
27．B 句意：我没有时间回去把小刀邮寄给自己。根据空格后半部分“… and post it to myself. ”及前文作者着急登机等细节可知，作者没有时间回去把小刀邮寄给自己，go与back连用，go back表示回去。
28．A 句意：门口安检处的女士注意到我像丢了一件珍贵的所有物那样焦虑。根据前文描述可知，这把小刀伴随作者多年，像朋友一样，再根据空格后内容“… at losing one of my treasure possessions(像丢失了一件珍贵的所有物)”可知作者对小刀的重视程度，所以当小刀被没收后，作者的心情是焦虑和担忧的。
29．B 句意：但是她主动提出可以将小刀邮寄给我。根据前文“The security lady at the gate saw that I was __28__ at losing one of my treasure possessions. ”可知，这位女士注意到了作者对小刀的不舍，所以才会主动提出帮作者邮寄，offer to do 意为“主动帮助做某事”。
30．D 句意：如果我写下地址并付给她邮费。根据“to post it to me”可知，是要把小刀邮寄给作者，所以作者要写下地址。
31．C 句意：我是如此的感激，我要尽可能地向她表示感谢。根据前文“I was so grateful… (我是如此的感激)”可知，作者要对这位女士表达感谢。
32．B 句意：我收到了装着小刀和我给她的10美元剩余的零钱的包裹。根据前文“if I wrote down the __30__ and gave her the postage money”可知，作者给了这位女士邮费，再根据下文“from the $10 note I had given her, even though I had __33__ her to keep the rest for her”可知，作者曾让这位女士把剩下的钱自己留着，所以邮费有剩余。
33．A 句意：即使我曾劝说她把剩余的钱留着，只因她的善意。根据前文“I was so grateful that I tried to __31__ her and she asked me to stop as they weren’t supposed to do this”可知，作者曾想表达感谢(用剩余的钱表达感谢)，但被拒绝了。
34．C 句意：即使我曾劝说她把剩余的钱留着，只因她的善意。根据下文“It was so nice to be the recipient (接受者)of a kind deed”可知，作者是因为这位女士的善意想让她把剩下的钱留着。
35．D 句意：现在我经常为他人做一些小事。根据文章所描述的这件主动提供帮助又不图回报的善意举动可知，作者也受到了触动，所以会为他人做一些小事。
36．that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是industries，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that或which。
37．changing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处作includes的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填changing。
38．makes 考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，空处和takes在句中作并列谓语，主语为第三人称单数，故填makes。
39．and 考查连词。both …and…“不仅……而且……”，故填and。
40．longer 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，标志词than表示前后两部分进行比较，应用比较级形式，故填longer。
41．to 考查介词。句意：一些食品生产技术，如熏制和腌制肉类以长期储存，可以追溯到史前时代。短语go back to意为“追溯到”，故填to。
42．became 考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，空处是谓语动词，根据时间状语“In the 19th century”可知，应用一般过去时，故填became。
43．to produce 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to produce。
44．attractive 考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处作make的宾语补足语，结合句意可知，应用形容词形式，故填attractive。
45．whether/if 考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，而缺少“是否”的意思，故填whether或if。
写作第一节【答案】One possible version：
Dear Tom，
I’m delighted to learn that you are interested in our tree－planting activity.
The activity is held annually with different themes. This year’s theme is “Building a green home”. The activity was held on March 12, our National Tree－planting Day. Early in the morning, all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill, where we spent the whole morning digging, planting and watering. Eventually about 200 trees were planted. Seeing the trees waving in the breeze, we all felt excited and proud despite tiredness.
Undoubtedly, we benefit a lot from the activity, which not only brings us the pleasure of labor but also helps us to develop team spirit.
Hopefully you can join us next year.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作第二节【答案】One possible version：
Just as I was about to start，Dad said，“Joanna，it’s your turn to do the dishes. ” What Dad said was a hammer blow to me，leaving me into deeper anxiety. However，that was one of our family rules，so I had to do the dishes reluctantly. The clinking of dishes were disquieting sounds from hell to me，reminding me that the clock was ticking second by second. After I threw the last dish into the cabinet，I rushed into my bedroom，only to find that the hour hand had moved past ten. Without much time left，I finished the assignment in a hurry. The next day，I handed it in nervously.
Looking at the big “F” on my paper，I started to reflect on what I had done these days. My life seems like a mess these days，arising from my loose attitude and chaotic schedule. My energy was segmented and occupied by some trivial matters which had nothing to do with my project. Out of guilt，I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again. After this experience，I eventually comprehended the importance of time，and began to arrange my schedule with caution. With confidence，I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment.
Looking at the big “F” on my paper, I started to reflect on what I had done these days.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Just as I was about to start，Dad said，“Joanna，it’s your turn to do the dishes. ” What Dad said was a hammer blow to me，leaving me into deeper anxiety. However，that was one of our family rules，so I had to do the dishes reluctantly. The clinking of dishes were disquieting sounds from hell to me，reminding me that the clock was ticking second by second. After I threw the last dish into the cabinet，I rushed into my bedroom，only to find that the hour hand had moved past ten. Without much time left，I finished the assignment in a hurry. The next day，I handed it in nervously.
Looking at the big “F” on my paper，I started to reflect on what I had done these days. My life seems like a mess these days，arising from my loose attitude and chaotic schedule. My energy was segmented and occupied by some trivial matters which had nothing to do with my project. Out of guilt，I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again. After this experience，I eventually comprehended the importance of time，and began to arrange my schedule with caution. With confidence，I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment.
