中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-名词辨析1
一、名词的概念及分类
概念：名词是表示人、事物、地点和抽象概念名称的词，如：bird, human，ruler，hospital，belief等。
分类：分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。名词辨析目前只见考普通名词
二、考题特点
多是以考察形近字、近义词为主。比如in开头的一些单词，以tion结尾的一些单词，都是考试的重点，例inventions，invitations，instructions，interviews。
三、解题技巧
1.名词辨析：理解语境，选择适合句子意思的动词
(常考动词的基本义，比如production表生产，organization表组织，instruction表说明，attention表关注)
2.积累含名词的固定搭配.
(常考名词的固定搭配，比如a sense of achievement，the discovery of new energy，a great influence on.)
四、常见的名词辨析
sound指的是声音；noise指的是噪音；voice指的是嗓音。
courage是勇气，impression是印象，balance是平衡，trust是信任，wealth是财富，luck是运气，humor是幽默。
victim是受害者，罹难者；witness是目击者；suspect是犯罪嫌疑人；detective是侦探
game show游戏节目，chat show访谈节目，cartoon卡通片，documentary纪录片
science fiction科幻电影；科幻小说，horror film恐怖电影，romantic film爱情片，action film动作片。
instruction是指示、用法说明；application是应用、申请；competition是竞争；discussion是讨论。
rope是绳子；glue是胶水；tape是磁带，胶带；scissor是剪刀
flood是洪水，snowstorm是暴风雪，fog是雾，earthquake是地震
condition是环境，条件，状况；conversation是会话，谈话；communication是交流；connection是联系。
knowledge是知识；energy是能量；advice是建议；experience是经验，经历。
success意思是成功的人或物；chance是机会；dream是梦想；idea是想法。
experience是经验，经历；advice是建议；confidence是自信；information是信息
discussion是讨论；chance是机会；competition是竞争；journey是旅行。
skill是技巧，treat是招待，design是设计，reason是原因。
engineer是工程师，doctor是医生，postman是邮递员，artist是艺术家。
notice是通知，photo是照片，order是订单，information是信息。
bamboo竹子；fan扇子；bridge桥梁；fork叉子。
model是模特；模型，match是比赛，竞赛，menu是菜单，member是会员。
size尺寸，material材料，price价格，style风格。
中考真题
1．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.
A．city B．cities C．citys
【答案】B
【详解】句意：岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”，固定句型，可排除A选项；city的复数形式为cities。故选B。
2．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Peter was picked out to be on the school volleyball team.
—His height gives him a big ________.
A．situation B．challenge C．achievement D．advantage
【答案】D
【详解】句意： ——彼得被选为学校排球队队员。——他的身高给了他很大的优势。
考查名词辨析。situation情况；challenge挑战；achievement成就；advantage优势。根据“His height gives him a big”可知他的身高在选拔中是一个优势。故选D。
3．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—What’s your secret of writing so well
—I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child.
A．difference B．attention C．situation D．influence
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你写得这么好的秘诀是什么？——我读了很多书，鲁迅的作品对我小时候有很大的影响。
考查名词辨析。difference不同；attention关注；situation情况；influence影响。根据“the works of Lu Xun had a strong...on me”可知鲁迅的作品对我有影响。故选D。
4．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Put ________ first and be careful while riding on the road!
A．interest B．money C．knowledge D．safety
【答案】D
【详解】句意：把安全放在第一位，在路上骑行时要小心！考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；money钱；knowledge知识；safety安全。根据“be careful while riding on the road”可知路上骑车时要小心，要把安全放第一位。故选D。
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou
—I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ________!
A．movement B．attraction C．experience D．research
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——扬州有哪些名胜古迹？——我推荐瘦西湖。乘船游览是一种美妙的体验！
考查名词辨析。movement移动，转移；attraction有吸引力的事物；experience经历；research研究。根据“A boat tour is a wonderful”可知，此处说的是一种体验/经历，故选C。
6．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）People all over the world love pandas, and the panda has become a ________ of China.
A．festival B．poem C．guest D．symbol
【答案】D
【详解】句意：全世界的人都喜欢熊猫，熊猫已经成为中国的象征。考查名词辨析。festival节日；poem诗；guest客人；symbol象征。根据“panda”以及常识可知熊猫是中国的象征，故选D。
7．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）The proper ________ of your spare time will make your life colorful.
A．date B．use C．name D．cause
【答案】B
【详解】句意：恰当地使用空闲时间会使你的生活丰富多彩。考查名词辨析。date日期；use使用；name名字；cause原因。根据“…will make your life colorful.”可知，想让生活丰富多彩，就要利用好空闲时间。故选B。
8．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）All in all, ________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you.
A．communication B．information C．instruction
【答案】A
【详解】句意：总而言之，与朋友的交流是你心理健康的最佳药物。希望我的建议能帮到你。考查名词辨析。communication交流；information信息；instruction用法说明。根据“All in all, ...with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康).”可知，与朋友的交流是心理健康的最佳药物，故选A。
9．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）—Kevin, could you pass me some ________ It’s so hot today. I’m really thirsty.
—OK. Here you are.
A．rice B．bread C．water D．chicken
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——凯文，你能递给我一些水吗？今天很热。我真的很渴。——好的。给你。考查名词辨析。rice米；bread面包；water水；chicken鸡肉。根据“I’m really thirsty.”可知口渴要喝水。故选C。
10．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— What’s your favorite ______
— Apples. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A．fruit B．drink C．job
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢的水果是什么？——苹果。一天一个苹果，医生远离我。
考查名词辨析。fruit水果；drink饮料；job工作。根据“Apples.”可知，此处询问最喜欢的水果。故选A。
11．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Which of the following shows that you can put your waste there
A． B． C． D．
【答案】B
【详解】句意：以下哪项表明你可以把废物放在那里？考查常识和名词辨析。telephone手机；litter垃圾；hairdresser理发师；smoking allowed允许吸烟。根据常识可知，废物应放在垃圾桶内，B选项符合。故选B。
12．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Velvet flowers that are called rong hua was a popular ________ in festivals and wedding, but few people know about it now.
A．development B．decoration C．invention D．discovery
【答案】B
【详解】句意：丝绒花被称为绒花，是节日和婚礼上流行的装饰，但现在很少有人知道它。
考查名词辨析。development发展；decoration装饰；invention发明；discovery发现。根据“Velvet flowers”和“in festivals and wedding”可知，此处指绒花是装饰品，故选B。
13．（2023·江苏苏州·苏州市景范中学校校考二模）Teachers sometimes work as a(n) ________ to help you out and lead your life to be right way.
A．engineer B．musician C．volunteer D．guide
【答案】D
【详解】句意：老师有时候像一位向导一样帮助你走出困境，并且引导你的生活步入正轨。
考查名词。engineer“工程师”；musician“音乐家”；volunteer“志愿者”；guide“向导”。根据“help you out and lead your life to be right way”可知此处表达老师像一位向导一样。故选D。
14．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）“Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best ________ for her son.
A．instruction B．entertainment C．environment D．achievement
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“孟母三迁”讲述了一位母亲竭尽所能为儿子提供最好的环境。
考查名词辨析。instruction指导；entertainment娱乐；environment环境；achievement成就。根据“Mengzi’s mother makes three moves”和常识可知，孟母为儿子提供最好的环境，故选C。
15．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）WeChat seems to be the most popular way of ________ that people like in daily life.
A．conclusion B．communication C．contribution D．competition
【答案】B
【详解】句意：微信似乎是人们在日常生活中最受欢迎的交流方式。
考查名词辨析。conclusion总结；communication交流；contribution贡献；competition竞争。根据“WeChat”和常识可知，微信是用于交流沟通的一种方式。故选B。
16．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）At this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair, my parents bought me a lantern in the ________ of a lovely rabbit to wish me a bright future.
A．shape B．hope C．number D．meaning
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在今年的秦淮灯会上，我的父母给我买了一个可爱的兔子形状的灯笼，希望我有一个光明的未来。
考查名词辨析。shape形状；hope希望；number数字；meaning意义。根据“a lovely rabbit”可知，此处指灯笼的形状是兔子，应用shape；in the shape of“呈……形状”。故选A。
17．（2023·江苏常州·统考一模）— Have you seen the film Wandering the Earth
— Not yet. But I have read the ________ online and I know many people love it.
A．replies B．reward C．relation D．reviews
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗？——还没有。但是我在网上看了评论，我知道很多人喜欢它。
考查名词辨析。replies回答；reward奖励，回报；relation联系；reviews评论。根据“have read the...online and I know many people love it”可知，应是读了网上的评论才知道很多人喜欢这部电影，故选D。
18．（2023·江苏盐城·校考二模）We are happy to see that you have the ________ to achieve your dream.
A．risk B．courage C．pity D．pride
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们很高兴看到你有勇气去实现你的梦想。
考查名词辨析。risk危险，风险；courage勇气；pity同情；pride自豪。根据“you have the ... to achieve your dream”及语境可知，实现梦想需要的应是勇气，故选B。
19．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）US anthropologist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of ________ is done through body language.
A．application B．communication C．pronunciation D．introduction
【答案】B
【详解】句意：美国人类学家Edward T. Hall说，在两个人之间的谈话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。
考查名词辨析。application申请；communication交流；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍。根据“in a conversation between two people”和“through body language”可知，此处指在两人的谈话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。故选B。
20．（2023·江苏淮安·校联考三模）Hard work is the ________ that Chinese young people should have in the new era（时代）.
A．spirit B．record C．victory D．service
【答案】A
【详解】句意：努力工作是新时代中国年轻人应该具备的精神。
考查名词辨析。spirit精神；record记录；victory胜利；service服务。根据“Hard work is the...that Chinese young people should have in the new era（时代）.”可知此处是指新时代中国年轻人应该有努力工作的精神，故选A。
21．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Please follow the ________ and you will use the new type of sweeping robot.
A．invention B．information C．introduction D．instruction
【答案】D
【详解】句意：请按照说明操作，你将使用新型扫地机器人。
考查名词辨析。invention发明；information信息；introduction介绍；instruction用法说明。根据“you will use the new type of sweeping robot”可知，要根据说明来使用新型扫地机器人。故选D。
22．（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）Stop playing the game! Don’t break your ________ to your parents. You must keep it.
A．protection B．practice C．promise D．position
【答案】C
【详解】句意：别玩游戏了！不要违背你对父母的承诺。你必须遵守它。
考查名词辨析。protection保护；practice练习；promise承诺；position位置。根据前面“Stop playing the game! ”和后面“You must keep it.”可知是不要违背承诺。故选C。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-名词辨析1
一、名词的概念及分类
概念：名词是表示人、事物、地点和抽象概念名称的词，如：bird, human，ruler，hospital，belief等。
分类：分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。名词辨析目前只见考普通名词
二、考题特点
多是以考察形近字、近义词为主。比如in开头的一些单词，以tion结尾的一些单词，都是考试的重点，例inventions，invitations，instructions，interviews。
三、解题技巧
1.名词辨析：理解语境，选择适合句子意思的动词
(常考动词的基本义，比如production表生产，organization表组织，instruction表说明，attention表关注)
2.积累含名词的固定搭配.
(常考名词的固定搭配，比如a sense of achievement，the discovery of new energy，a great influence on.)
四、常见的名词辨析
sound指的是声音；noise指的是噪音；voice指的是嗓音。
courage是勇气，impression是印象，balance是平衡，trust是信任，wealth是财富，luck是运气，humor是幽默。
victim是受害者，罹难者；witness是目击者；suspect是犯罪嫌疑人；detective是侦探
game show游戏节目，chat show访谈节目，cartoon卡通片，documentary纪录片
science fiction科幻电影；科幻小说，horror film恐怖电影，romantic film爱情片，action film动作片。
instruction是指示、用法说明；application是应用、申请；competition是竞争；discussion是讨论。
rope是绳子；glue是胶水；tape是磁带，胶带；scissor是剪刀
flood是洪水，snowstorm是暴风雪，fog是雾，earthquake是地震
condition是环境，条件，状况；conversation是会话，谈话；communication是交流；connection是联系。
knowledge是知识；energy是能量；advice是建议；experience是经验，经历。
success意思是成功的人或物；chance是机会；dream是梦想；idea是想法。
experience是经验，经历；advice是建议；confidence是自信；information是信息
discussion是讨论；chance是机会；competition是竞争；journey是旅行。
skill是技巧，treat是招待，design是设计，reason是原因。
engineer是工程师，doctor是医生，postman是邮递员，artist是艺术家。
notice是通知，photo是照片，order是订单，information是信息。
bamboo竹子；fan扇子；bridge桥梁；fork叉子。
model是模特；模型，match是比赛，竞赛，menu是菜单，member是会员。
size尺寸，material材料，price价格，style风格。
中考真题
1．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.
A．city B．cities C．citys
2．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Peter was picked out to be on the school volleyball team.
—His height gives him a big ________.
A．situation B．challenge C．achievement D．advantage
3．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—What’s your secret of writing so well
—I read a lot, and the works of Lu Xun had a strong ________ on me as a child.
A．difference B．attention C．situation D．influence
4．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Put ________ first and be careful while riding on the road!
A．interest B．money C．knowledge D．safety
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—What places of interest are there in Yangzhou
—I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ________!
A．movement B．attraction C．experience D．research
6．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）People all over the world love pandas, and the panda has become a ________ of China.
A．festival B．poem C．guest D．symbol
7．（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）The proper ________ of your spare time will make your life colorful.
A．date B．use C．name D．cause
8．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）All in all, ________ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health (心理健康). Hope my advice can help you.
A．communication B．information C．instruction
9．（2023·江西·统考中考真题）—Kevin, could you pass me some ________ It’s so hot today. I’m really thirsty.
—OK. Here you are.
A．rice B．bread C．water D．chicken
10．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— What’s your favorite ______
— Apples. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A．fruit B．drink C．job
11．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）Which of the following shows that you can put your waste there
A． B． C． D．
12．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Velvet flowers that are called rong hua was a popular ________ in festivals and wedding, but few people know about it now.
A．development B．decoration C．invention D．discovery
13．（2023·江苏苏州·苏州市景范中学校校考二模）Teachers sometimes work as a(n) ________ to help you out and lead your life to be right way.
A．engineer B．musician C．volunteer D．guide
14．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）“Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best ________ for her son.
A．instruction B．entertainment C．environment D．achievement
15．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）WeChat seems to be the most popular way of ________ that people like in daily life.
A．conclusion B．communication C．contribution D．competition
16．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）At this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair, my parents bought me a lantern in the ________ of a lovely rabbit to wish me a bright future.
A．shape B．hope C．number D．meaning
17．（2023·江苏常州·统考一模）— Have you seen the film Wandering the Earth
— Not yet. But I have read the ________ online and I know many people love it.
A．replies B．reward C．relation D．reviews
18．（2023·江苏盐城·校考二模）We are happy to see that you have the ________ to achieve your dream.
A．risk B．courage C．pity D．pride
19．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）US anthropologist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of ________ is done through body language.
A．application B．communication C．pronunciation D．introduction
20．（2023·江苏淮安·校联考三模）Hard work is the ________ that Chinese young people should have in the new era（时代）.
A．spirit B．record C．victory D．service
21．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Please follow the ________ and you will use the new type of sweeping robot.
A．invention B．information C．introduction D．instruction
22．（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）Stop playing the game! Don’t break your ________ to your parents. You must keep it.
A．protection B．practice C．promise D．position
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