中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡--动词4
助动词
1.助动词be的用法
(1)与现在分词构成进行时态
He is singing.
他在唱歌。
They were having a meeting at ten yesterday morning.
他们昨天上午十点正在开会。
(2)与过去分词构成被动语态
This kind of car is made in Beijing.
这种汽车是北京制造的。
(3)“be +不定式”表示未来的计划或安排，还可表示命令或约定。
The train is to leave at ten.
火车10点钟开。
You are to explain this.
对此你要做出解释。
2.助动词have 的基本用法
(1)与过去分词构成完成时态
I have finished my homework.
我已经完成我的作业了。
The train had left before he got to the station.
在他到达车站之前火车已经开走了。
(2)与“been + 现在分词”构成完成进行时态
It has been raining the whole morning.
整个上午都在下雨。
(3)与“been +过去分词”构成完成时态的被动语态
The story has been told in China for many years.
这个故事在中国已经流传多年了。
3.助动词do 的基本用法
(1)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成疑问式及其回答。
Do you usually go to school on foot Yes, I do.
你通常步行上学吗？是的。
What did he do yesterday
他昨天干什么了？
(2)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成否定式。
He doesn't like playing football.
他不喜欢踢足球。
They didn't come here this morning.
他们今天上午没有来这儿。
(3)在肯定句的谓语动词前表示强调。
Do come here tomorrow.
明天务必要来这。
(4)在so, neither, nor开头的句子中构成倒装句。
He didn't go to the party. Neither did I.
他没有去参加晚会，我也没去。
She likes pop music. So do I .
她喜欢音乐，我也是。
4.助动词shall (should) 和will (would) 的基本用法
(1)will 和shall 作为助动词可以和动词原形一起构成将来时态。shall 只用于第一人称，而will 用于第一、二、三人称。
I shall go home .
我要回家了。
Will they have anything to do this evening
他们今晚有事吗？
(2)should 和would分别是shall和will 的过去式，通常用来构成过去将来时。should只用于第一人称，would用于第一、二、三人称 。
I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do the next day.
我昨天打电话问他我第二天该做什么。
She said she would come .
她说她将会来。
特别提示：
几乎所有的助动词都可用于反意疑问句的附加问句中。
You often write to her, don't you
你经常写信给她，是吗？
He is a teacher, isn't he
他是一个老师，是吗？
They have been to Hainan, haven't they
他们去过海南，是吗？
Let's go home，shall we
让我们回家吧，好吗
中考真题
1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway.
—I’m sorry.
might B．would C．could D．Should
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。
考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。
2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Our parents often ________ us not to talk with strangers on the Internet.
—That’s true. As teenagers, we should learn to protect ourselves.
warn B．invite C．control D．Promise
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们的父母经常警告我们不要在网上与陌生人交谈。——这是真的。作为青少年，我们应该学会保护自己。
考查动词辨析。warn警告；invite邀请；control控制；promise承诺。根据“us not to talk with strangers on the Internet”可知是警告我们不要和陌生人交谈。故选A。
3．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
can B．must C．need D．Might
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——剪纸很生动。是谁做的？——一定是Mary。除了她，我们谁也做不到。
考查情态动词。can能；must一定；need需要；might可能。根据“None of us except her is able to do it”可知除了Mary，没有人能做，所以一定是Mary做的。故选B。
4．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—I ________ find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets
mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我找不到我的钥匙了。——你检查过你的夹克口袋了吗？
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；wouldn’t将不。根据“Have you checked in your jacket pockets ”可知是自己不能找到钥匙，应用can’t。故选C。
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）We don’t ________ much from the kids because they can’t understand the value of this work.
A．express B．excuse C．expect D．Explain
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们对孩子们期望不高，因为他们无法理解这项工作的价值。
考查动词辨析。express表达；excuse原谅；expect要求，指望；explain解释。根据“because they can’t understand the value of this work.”可知，不能对孩子有太高的期望，故选C。
6．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—______ I join the volunteer program on weekends
—Of course you can.
Can B．Must C．Should
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我可以在周末参加志愿者项目吗？——你当然可以。
考查动词辨析。Can可以；Must必须；Should应该。根据答句“Of course you can.”可知此处应是询问是否可以参加志愿者项目，应用情态动词can表示请求许可。故选A。
7．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你明天想参观天津大学吗？——对不起，我恐怕不能。我要在我的社区做志愿者。
考查情态动词。can能够；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.”可知不能去参观天津大学。故选B。
8．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, may I use my phone now
—Sorry, you ________. The plane is taking off.
need B．needn’t C．can D．can’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——对不起，我现在可以用电话吗？——对不起，你不能。飞机马上要起飞了。
考查情态动词。need需要；needn’t没必要；can可以；can’t不能。根据“The plane is taking off.”可知此处是作否定回答。can’t“不能”符合语境。故选D。
9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— Would you like to eat some fried chicken
— No, thanks. I think it ________ delicious but is unhealthy.
sounds B．feels C．Tastes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你想吃点炸鸡吗？——不，谢谢。我认为它尝起来很好吃，但不健康。
考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；feels感觉；tastes尝起来。根据“I think it...delicious but is unhealthy.”可知，炸鸡尝起来很好吃，但不健康。故选C。
10．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）My grandfather used to ________ TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ________ out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watch; going C．watching; go
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我爷爷过去常在晚饭后在家看电视，但现在他习惯了出去散步。
考查动词短语。used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”，根据题干可知，前一句表示过去常常，后一句是现在习惯。故选B。
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百日打卡--动词4
助动词
1.助动词be的用法
(1)与现在分词构成进行时态
He is singing.
他在唱歌。
They were having a meeting at ten yesterday morning.
他们昨天上午十点正在开会。
(2)与过去分词构成被动语态
This kind of car is made in Beijing.
这种汽车是北京制造的。
(3)“be +不定式”表示未来的计划或安排，还可表示命令或约定。
The train is to leave at ten.
火车10点钟开。
You are to explain this.
对此你要做出解释。
2.助动词have 的基本用法
(1)与过去分词构成完成时态
I have finished my homework.
我已经完成我的作业了。
The train had left before he got to the station.
在他到达车站之前火车已经开走了。
(2)与“been + 现在分词”构成完成进行时态
It has been raining the whole morning.
整个上午都在下雨。
(3)与“been +过去分词”构成完成时态的被动语态
The story has been told in China for many years.
这个故事在中国已经流传多年了。
3.助动词do 的基本用法
(1)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成疑问式及其回答。
Do you usually go to school on foot Yes, I do.
你通常步行上学吗？是的。
What did he do yesterday
他昨天干什么了？
(2)在一般现在时和一般过去时中构成否定式。
He doesn't like playing football.
他不喜欢踢足球。
They didn't come here this morning.
他们今天上午没有来这儿。
(3)在肯定句的谓语动词前表示强调。
Do come here tomorrow.
明天务必要来这。
(4)在so, neither, nor开头的句子中构成倒装句。
He didn't go to the party. Neither did I.
他没有去参加晚会，我也没去。
She likes pop music. So do I .
她喜欢音乐，我也是。
4.助动词shall (should) 和will (would) 的基本用法
(1)will 和shall 作为助动词可以和动词原形一起构成将来时态。shall 只用于第一人称，而will 用于第一、二、三人称。
I shall go home .
我要回家了。
Will they have anything to do this evening
他们今晚有事吗？
(2)should 和would分别是shall和will 的过去式，通常用来构成过去将来时。should只用于第一人称，would用于第一、二、三人称 。
I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do the next day.
我昨天打电话问他我第二天该做什么。
She said she would come .
她说她将会来。
特别提示：
几乎所有的助动词都可用于反意疑问句的附加问句中。
You often write to her, don't you
你经常写信给她，是吗？
He is a teacher, isn't he
他是一个老师，是吗？
They have been to Hainan, haven't they
他们去过海南，是吗？
Let's go home，shall we
让我们回家吧，好吗
中考真题
1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway.
—I’m sorry.
A．might B．would C．could D．should
2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Our parents often ________ us not to talk with strangers on the Internet.
—That’s true. As teenagers, we should learn to protect ourselves.
warn B．invite C．control D．Promise
3．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
can B．must C．need D．Might
4．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—I ________ find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets
mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）We don’t ________ much from the kids because they can’t understand the value of this work.
A．express B．excuse C．expect D．Explain
6．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—______ I join the volunteer program on weekends
—Of course you can.
Can B．Must C．Should
7．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t
8．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, may I use my phone now
—Sorry, you ________. The plane is taking off.
need B．needn’t C．can D．can’t
9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）— Would you like to eat some fried chicken
— No, thanks. I think it ________ delicious but is unhealthy.
sounds B．feels C．Tastes
10．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）My grandfather used to ________ TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ________ out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watch; going C．watching; go
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