中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-定语从句2
高考真题
1.（2023全国甲卷） “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___64___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___65___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
64. where
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
2.（2023全国甲卷）She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun.
【答案】7. what → which
7.考查定语从句。句意：她甚至播放了一些它们唱歌的录音，这很有趣。此处非限制性定语从句修饰singing，从句缺少主语，指物，在故what改为which。
3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____63____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____64____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
63. which##that
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
4.（2022全国卷甲卷）On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为the man，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
5.（2020·新课标II卷· 短文改错）Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句。本句是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词 是 your letter，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处应用指物的 which。
6.（2020·新课标III卷·语法填空）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】61. whose
【解析】考查定语从句。本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句。先行词 artist 是人，与paintings 为所属关系，故填入作定语的关系代词 whose。
7. （2020·新课标III卷·短文改错）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
【答案】what → that
【解析】考查定语从句。 此处考查定语从句。先行词为 the food，不定代词all 作其定 语，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词 that。
8.（2020· 山东新高考· 语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.
【答案】which / that
【解析】考查定语从句。关系代词 which / that 引导定语从句，指代先行词 the British Museum，在从句中作主语。
9.（2020·新课标I卷·语法填空）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】63. where
【解析】此处缺少引导定语从句的关系词。spot 作为先行词表示地点，空白处所填的词在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词 where。
10.（2020·天津卷·单项填空）7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。
11.（2019·新课标II卷·语法填空）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
12.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。
13.（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
【答案】 that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
14.（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错） In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
【答案】what改为that/which
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。
15. (2018·新课标卷II·语法填空)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】 that/which
【答案解析】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。
16.（2018江苏）Self-driving is an area _____ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】.B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-定语从句2
高考真题
1.（2023全国甲卷） “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___64___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___65___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
2.（2023全国甲卷）She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun.
3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____63____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____64____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
4.（2022全国卷甲卷）On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
5.（2020·新课标II卷· 短文改错）Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
6.（2020·新课标III卷·语法填空）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
7. （2020·新课标III卷·短文改错）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
8.（2020· 山东新高考· 语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.
9.（2020·新课标I卷·语法填空）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
10.（2020·天津卷·单项填空）7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
11.（2019·新课标II卷·语法填空）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
12.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
13.（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
14.（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错） In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
15. (2018·新课标卷II·语法填空)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
16.(2018·江苏卷·单项填空)Self-driving is an area _____ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
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