中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-七选五-说明文5
Passage 1
How to Level up Your Self-Control
By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.1．--we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily.
2．
Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle. For example, exhibiting self-control over spending time on video games and social media, two of the most common temptations（诱惑）of the current era, means battling against age-old mechanisms in your brain.
If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on.
3．To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance.
The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.4．.
Finally, Duckworth advises laying a foundation of self-control that you can build of in the future.5．because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning. By practicing healthier living away from the workplace, you can gather the strength and stamina（毅力）to help you control your worst urges when it matters most.
A．One place to start would be the office
B．What problems do you need to work on
C．We've all experienced unproductive workdays
D．But for many of us, short-term satisfactions are irresistible
E.Why is exercising proper self-control so tricky for some, and how to do better
F.If you can resist resigning you may achieve more on your overall self-control
G.Removing the temptation from sight is key to ensuring you're faithful to your mission
Passage 2
Should you eat to live or live to eat It’s a question posed by French playwright Moliere in his work The Miser. While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. 11． Maybe not.
Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet If dining solo, you can make the choice depending on your desires at exactly the time you’re hungry! And why does it have to be a restaurant You could eat in a park, garden or even your bed — the point is, the choice is yours! 12． According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter, a bit of loneliness can help your brain to relax and may help you concentrate more.
13． Maybe it’s a pungent (刺鼻的) cheese or fish. We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others. When dining alone, we can consume whatever we like, with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily. Often, if you want a salad and your partner wants some less healthy dish, you end up ordering the same. And if you don’t get the same, you might end up with food envy as you watch someone enjoy a pizza.
Finally, for some, dining alone can be a necessity. 14． Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips (咂嘴)! So, is eating alone bad Well, it may not be for everyone, but there certainly are some benefits to it. 15．
A．Is dining alone really that bad
B．We all have foods we like and dislike.
C．Try it sometime — you might just like it!
D．It helps those who want to lose weight most.
E.That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off.
F.Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there
G.Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable.
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百日打卡-七选五-说明文6
Passage 1
According to the Journal for Happiness Studies, to gain most from a vacation, you need eight days off. If you can take that much time off, do it. But many of us can't go away for that long. Most of the time, we can just enjoy short weekends16．
Stay away from work,
You can't gain benefits of time off i you're still mentally tied into work. So set an email vacation away message, leave your work phone at home, and commit to leaving any email or phone calls until you return to work17． Then put your devices away until the next day at that time.
Put the camera away,
It's fun to take some pictures and share them on social media. However, consider limiting yourself. Think about what you're taking pictures for. and put the camera away sometimes. 18． A visual record isn't the only way to make memories. Participation is the best way.
19．
When you re on vacation, have a good sleep. Schedule time to sleep for as long as you like to allow for a deep rest. Lie in bed and do nothing(try to avoid taking up your phone and diving into social media), and just relax. And even if you can't necessarily fall completely asleep, letting your mind wander can reduce anxiety and allow for greater creativity.
Read a novel.
20． It helps make you a more empathetic(感同身受的) person, and it's good for your brain, It can help you relearn how to focus on one thing at a time. Reading while on vacation can also work to beautifully connect reading a certain book with a place.
A．Sleep.
B．Reschedule your routines,
C．The benefits of reading fiction are many.
D．A weekend can also do wonders if you make good use of it.
E.It's a good idea to spend your weekend taking pictures or reading books.
F.If you absolutely must check your email, pick a time once per day and do it.
G.Concentrate on taking mental pictures, or enjoying what you are experiencing.
【答案】 16．D 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何充分利用周末假期。
16．上文“But many of us can't go away for that long. Most of the time, we can just enjoy short weekends.（但是我们中的许多人不能离开那么久。大多数时候，我们只能享受短暂的周末）”说明大多数人没有长时间的假期，只能享受短暂的周末，D项“如果你好好利用周末假期，你也会收获惊喜。”承接上文，引出下列几条周末度假建议。选项中A weekend和前文weekends语义一致。故选D项。
17．上文“So set an email vacation away message. leave your work phone at home, and commit to leaving any email or phone calls until you return to work. （因此，设置一个电子邮件休假消息，把你的工作电话留在家里，并承诺留下任何电子邮件或电话，直到你回到工作）”说明要把休假信息公布并承诺假期结束处理，F项“如果你必须要查看你的电子邮件，每天选一个特定的时间查看。”承接上文，说明，在必须查看时，选一个特定的时间点，引出下文“Then put your devices away until the next day at that time.（然后把你的设备放在一边，直到第二天那个时候。）”。选项中your email和上文an email，选项中a time once per day和下文at that time语义相关。故选F项。
18．上文“Think about what you're taking pictures for and put the camera away sometimes.（想想你拍照是为了什么。有时候把摄像机拿开。）”说明要想一想为什么拍照，是为了度假放松呀，所以，有时候就要把摄像机拿开。G项“集中精力去拍摄精神上的照片，或者享受你正在经历的事情。”承接上文，说明要享受正在经历的事情，选项中taking mental pictures和上文中what you're taking pictures for语义相关。故选G项。
19．根据本段首句“When you’ re on vacation, have a good sleep.（当你度假时，好好睡一觉。）”以及全段中心可知，本段主要是在讲“睡觉”这一建议，A项“睡觉”适合做本段小标题。故 选A项。
20．本段的小标题“Read a novel.（读本小说）”及段落结尾“Reading while on vacation can also work to beautifully connect reading a certain book with a place.（在度假期间阅读也可以把阅读和某个地方美妙地联系起来。）”都说明本段与阅读相关。C项“阅读小说的益处有很多”位于句首，承接标题，说明读小说的好处很多。选项中reading fiction和上文标题read a novel语义一致。故选C项。
Passage 2【2019·全国卷I】
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E 【解析】根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”亦是呼应。
37.A 【解析】根据下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G 【解析】根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选项G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39.C 【解析】前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。
40.D 【解析】根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
百日打卡-七选五-说明文6
Passage 1
According to the Journal for Happiness Studies, to gain most from a vacation, you need eight days off. If you can take that much time off, do it. But many of us can't go away for that long. Most of the time, we can just enjoy short weekends16．
Stay away from work,
You can't gain benefits of time off i you're still mentally tied into work. So set an email vacation away message, leave your work phone at home, and commit to leaving any email or phone calls until you return to work17． Then put your devices away until the next day at that time.
Put the camera away,
It's fun to take some pictures and share them on social media. However, consider limiting yourself. Think about what you're taking pictures for. and put the camera away sometimes. 18． A visual record isn't the only way to make memories. Participation is the best way.
19．
When you re on vacation, have a good sleep. Schedule time to sleep for as long as you like to allow for a deep rest. Lie in bed and do nothing(try to avoid taking up your phone and diving into social media), and just relax. And even if you can't necessarily fall completely asleep, letting your mind wander can reduce anxiety and allow for greater creativity.
Read a novel.
20． It helps make you a more empathetic(感同身受的) person, and it's good for your brain, It can help you relearn how to focus on one thing at a time. Reading while on vacation can also work to beautifully connect reading a certain book with a place.
A．Sleep.
B．Reschedule your routines,
C．The benefits of reading fiction are many.
D．A weekend can also do wonders if you make good use of it.
E.It's a good idea to spend your weekend taking pictures or reading books.
F.If you absolutely must check your email, pick a time once per day and do it.
G.Concentrate on taking mental pictures, or enjoying what you are experiencing.
Passage 2【2019·全国卷I】
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
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百日打卡-七选五-说明文5
Passage 1
How to Level up Your Self-Control
By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.1．--we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily.
2．
Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle. For example, exhibiting self-control over spending time on video games and social media, two of the most common temptations（诱惑）of the current era, means battling against age-old mechanisms in your brain.
If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on.
3．To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance.
The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.4．.
Finally, Duckworth advises laying a foundation of self-control that you can build of in the future.5．because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning. By practicing healthier living away from the workplace, you can gather the strength and stamina（毅力）to help you control your worst urges when it matters most.
A．One place to start would be the office
B．What problems do you need to work on
C．We've all experienced unproductive workdays
D．But for many of us, short-term satisfactions are irresistible
E.Why is exercising proper self-control so tricky for some, and how to do better
F.If you can resist resigning you may achieve more on your overall self-control
G.Removing the temptation from sight is key to ensuring you're faithful to your mission
【答案】 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍我们的自制力无法抵抗短期的诱惑而牺牲我们长期的目标，以及这个问题产生的原因和如何提高我们的自制力。
1．空格前一句“By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.”表达的是按照定义，自制力是那种做一些对你自己长期目标有利的事情的能力，而不是做一些可能满足你当下要求的事情。空格后一句“we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily.”表达的是我们实在太容易以牺牲我们未来自己的幸福而结束。由此可见，空格前后表达的是两种对立相反的观点，空格处需表达的是做一些短期当下要求的事情，与前一句形成对立。选项D表达的是“但是对于大多数的我们，短期的满足感是无法抵抗的”，符合语境。故选D。
2．空格下一段首句“Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle.”表达的是安吉拉·达克沃斯，一名宾夕法尼亚大学心理学教授，说在你现在的自己和未来的自己直接进行资源分配是一个持续存在的难题。第四段“If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on. ”表达的是如果你乐意进一步的探究你的倾向和弱点，你可能会承认一把你需要去解决的问题。由空格后的这两句内容可知，空格后这两段内容都是对空格提出的问题的解答。选项E“为什么训练合适的自制力对某些人来说是非常棘手的，并且如何能做的更好”，和空格下一段首句表达的“持续存在的难题”以及第四段“解决问题”相呼应。故选E。
3．空格后一句提到“To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance. ”可知，为了提高在工作上的自制力，达克沃斯首先建议你的一天应该采用一种以未来为导向的方法，例如提前计划好休息时间和查邮件时间。空格后一句是具体表达在工作环境如何提高自制力。选项A“先开始的某个地方可能是办公室”，和空格后一句描述的工作环境相呼应。故选A。
4．空格前一句“The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.”可知，太频繁地观看你的手机这个问题可以通过禁音或者更好的是，把它放在你包里直到午餐时间。选项G“去除来自视觉的诱惑是确保你忠诚于你的使命的关键”中的“视觉诱惑”和空格前一句“太频繁观看你的手机”相呼应。故选G。
5．空格后一句“because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning.”表示的是因为前天晚上睡眠不足，或者早餐的不足。由此可知，是对空格原因的说明。选项C“我们大家都经历过徒劳无效的工作日”中的徒劳无效的原因是睡眠不足，或者早餐不足导致，符合语境。故选C。
Passage 2
Should you eat to live or live to eat It’s a question posed by French playwright Moliere in his work The Miser. While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. 11． Maybe not.
Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet If dining solo, you can make the choice depending on your desires at exactly the time you’re hungry! And why does it have to be a restaurant You could eat in a park, garden or even your bed — the point is, the choice is yours! 12． According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter, a bit of loneliness can help your brain to relax and may help you concentrate more.
13． Maybe it’s a pungent (刺鼻的) cheese or fish. We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others. When dining alone, we can consume whatever we like, with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily. Often, if you want a salad and your partner wants some less healthy dish, you end up ordering the same. And if you don’t get the same, you might end up with food envy as you watch someone enjoy a pizza.
Finally, for some, dining alone can be a necessity. 14． Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips (咂嘴)! So, is eating alone bad Well, it may not be for everyone, but there certainly are some benefits to it. 15．
A．Is dining alone really that bad
B．We all have foods we like and dislike.
C．Try it sometime — you might just like it!
D．It helps those who want to lose weight most.
E.That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off.
F.Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there
G.Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable.
【答案】 11．A 12．E 13．B 14．G 15．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自己独自用餐也是很好的体验，建议尝试。
11．根据上文“However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant.(然而，我们中的一些人经常发现自己在餐馆里为一个人预定了座位)”提出独自一人吃饭的主题。根据下文“Maybe not.”可知，该小题应该是一个一般疑问句，并且接下来二至四段在阐释独自吃饭的益处。A项Is dining alone really that bad 承接上文讨论一人独自吃饭话题，问出了“一个人吃饭真的那么糟糕吗？”并且与最后一段中“So, is eating alone bad ”首尾呼应。下文答案“可能没那么糟”也呼应A项。故选A项。
12．根据上文“Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet If dining solo, you can make the choice depending on your desires at exactly the time you’re hungry! And why does it have to be a restaurant You could eat in a park, garden or even your bed — the point is, the choice is yours! (你是否曾花很长时间与人争论在哪家餐厅吃饭或什么时候见面？如果一个人吃饭，你可以在你饿的时候根据你的欲望做出选择!为什么非得是餐厅？ 你可以在公园、花园甚至你的床上吃饭——关键是，选择权在你！)”说到与别人一起用餐会有很多意见分歧，很麻烦，有时不能使自己如意。而自己独自用餐，时间地点吃什么一切自己做主。E项That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. 表示这段独处的时间就不用担心那些事儿了，后文继续说可以脑子放空专注吃饭。E项承上启下。故选E项。
13．根据下文“Maybe it’s a pungent (刺鼻的) cheese or fish. We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others.(可能是辛辣的奶酪或鱼。我们有时会忍住那些可能会冒犯别人鼻子的事情)”，B项We all have foods we like and dislike.表示我们每个人都有自己喜欢或不喜欢的食物，和别人一起用餐，或许会因为别人不喜欢奶酪或鱼的气味，而自己喜欢也控制住不吃，而独自用餐就不用顾忌这些。B项作为本段首句，引领下文。故选B项。
14．根据下文“Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips (一个人独自吃饭可以让你从听别人咂嘴时产生的极度焦虑中解脱出来)”可知，和别人吃饭，有可能会因别人吃饭咂嘴而让你产生焦虑。G项Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable.与下文契合，我们有些人不能忍受别人吃饭有咂嘴等声音，独自吃饭可以解救自己，这时独自吃饭是成了必须。故选G项。
15．根据上文“Well, it may not be for everyone, but there certainly are some benefits to it.(当然，它可能不适合所有人，但它肯定有一些好处)”，独自吃饭有很多好处，接下来建议大家尝试一下，或许会喜欢上独自用餐，这么多益处，何不试试。C项内容Try it sometime — you might just like it!是表建议的，符合语境，契合上文。故选C项。
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