2015中考英语复习教案 代词和连词

2015中考英语复习教案　代词和连词
代　词
【名题实战】
1．You can take __C__ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.(2014，安徽)
A．both　　　B．none　　　C．either　　　D．neither
2．—I am a little hungry，Mom.
—There are some cakes on the plate.You can take __B__.(2013，安徽)
A．it B．one C．that D．this
3．—Whose pen is this
—Oh，it's __D__．I was looking for it everywhere.(2012，安徽)
A．you B．yours C．me D．mine
4．—How is Helen in the new school
—She is doing very well.There is __C__ to worry about.(2012，安徽)
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
5．—We have red and yellow T shirt.Which color do you like
—I'm afraid __C__．I think blue will be OK.(2012，安徽)
A．both B．either C．neither D．none
6．—I'm hungry.Is there any bread in the fridge
—__C__，but we have cakes.Would you like to have one？(2011，安徽)
A．Some B．Much
C．None D．Nothing
7．—I need something for cutting the paper.
—Oh，you want a knife？OK，I'll get __D__ for you.(2010，安徽)
A．it B．that C．this D．one
【考点梳理】
由以上考题可以看出，近五年来，安徽中考对代词的考查是重点，特别是对不定代词的考查，其次是对指示代词和物主代词的考查，考生复习时应注意。
高频考向一　人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
1．人称代词有人称、数和格的变化；人称代词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有主格和宾格之分。通常主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语，这一考点成为了考查代词的主要形式之一，并且越来越受到各地的欢迎。具体变化见下表：
人称格数
单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I(我) me(我) we(我们) us(我们)
第二人称 you(你) you(你) you(你们) you(你们)
第三人称
he(他) him(他)
she(她) her(她)
it(它) it(它) they
(他/她/
它们) them
(他/她/
它们)
注：①人称代词作并列主语的排列顺序：单数形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式：you and I；you，he and I；复数形式：we and you；we and they；we，you and they。但承担责任时总是第一人称在前。
②及物动词和介词之后的人称代词要用宾格，尤其要注意并列宾语。
2．表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数之分。具体见下表：
类型词义人称数
单数 复数
一 二 三 一 二 三
我
的 你
的 他
的 她
的 它
的 我们
的 你们
的 他们
的
形容词性
物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性
物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。如：
My books are on the desk.Where is yours
我的书在桌子上，你的书在哪里？
3．反身代词是人称代词的强 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一个人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。单数后加 self，复数后加 selves；不定代词one也有反身代词oneself。英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。
具体变化见下表：
数人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
反身代词的常见搭配：
①enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快
②hurt oneself伤着自己
③teach oneself ＝ learn…by oneself自学
④(all) by oneself (完全)独立地
⑤help oneself to请自便，随便吃……
⑥look after oneself自理，照顾自己
⑦leave one by oneself把……单独留下
⑧lose oneself in陶醉于……，沉浸于……
【例1】 Jeff and I are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) going to Shanghai this weekend.My brother will drive ______here.(2014，绵阳)
A．it B．you C．us D．them
解析：动词drive后跟人称代词宾格作宾语。由语境可知句意为“我哥哥将带我们去那里”。
答案：__C__
【例2】 This is______school bag.______ is on the desk.(2014，贺州)
A．your；Mine B．yours；Mine
C．my；You D．your；My
解析：第一个空在句中作定语，修饰后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面的名词school bag，故用形容词性的物主代词；第二个空在句中作主语，且后面不能接名词，故应用名词性物主代词。
答案：__A__
【例3】 Peter and Ka ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te went to the dancing party last night.They enjoyed ______．(2014，绥化)
A．myself B．themselves
C．herself
解析：考查反身代词。由语境可知句意为“他们玩得很高兴”。
答案：__B__
高频考向二　不定代词
1．普通不定代词的用法
①some与any
some和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名词，也可修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。
②many与much
many修饰可数名词复数， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )还可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。
③either与neither
either指两个人或物 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的一个；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，常构成固定搭配either/neither of＋名词/代词的复数＋谓语动词(第三人称单数形式)；当either...or...和neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
④both与all
both表示“两者都”，常与and连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”，常与of连用。
⑤each与every
each和every都表示“每一个”。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；every强调整体情况；修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可指两个或两个以上的人或物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或物。
⑥(a) few与(a) little
(a) few和(a) little具 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有名词或形容词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。(a) few与可数名词复数连用；(a) little与不可数名词连用。few和little表示否定，指“几乎没有”，在反意疑问句中尤其要注意；a few和a little指“有一些”，相当于some。
⑦other，the other，others与another
other作形容词，意为“别的，其 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他的”，常用在单数或复数名词的前面；the other表示已知两个人或事物中的另外一个，表示特指，常与one连用；others表示泛指，意为“其他的人或物”，常用于some...，others...结构中；the others表示特指，意为“其他的人或物”；another表示三者或三者以上的另外一个。
2．复合不定代词的用法
①在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分的主语是指人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的复合不定代词，如everybody，nobody，anyone等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词they；当陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything，anything，something，nothing等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。
②当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。
③everyone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one既可指人也可指物，还可以和of连用。
【例4】 —Your tea smells great！(2013，苏州)
—It's from India.Would you like ______？
A．it B．this C．some D．little
解析：根据对话内容可知，是向对方提供喝的东西，并希望得到肯定回答。
答案：__C__
【例5】 We need to go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shopping.There is______juice left in the fridge.(2013，鞍山)
A．little B．few C．many D．much
解析：few，many修饰可数名词；little，much修饰不可数名词。果汁为不可数名词，且句意为“冰箱里几乎没有果汁了”，表否定。
答案：__A__
【例6】I made a call t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o my parents yesterday，but______of them answered it.(2014，泰安)
A．either B．none C．neither D．nobody
解析：由句意“昨天我给父母打电话了，但是他们一个人都没有接”可知，两者都没接。
答案：__C__
【例7】 —It snowed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) heavily last night.Is everyone in our class here today？(2013，襄阳)
—Yes，and______of us was late for school this morning.
A．none B．neither C．all D．either
解析：由句意可知“都来了，没有一个人迟到”，表示三者或三者以上都不。
答案：__A__
【例8】 —Is New Zealand a big country
—No，New Zealand onl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y has two islands.One is North Island，______ is South Island.(2013，凉山)
A．other B．the other C．another
解析：表示两者中的另外一个，常用one...，the other...结构。
答案：__B__
【例9】Look！The clock ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s stopped.Maybe there's______wrong with it.(2014，北京)
A．everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
解析：anything一般用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于否定句和疑问句中，故排除C；everything一切；nothing没有什么。由句意“看！钟已经停了。可能它有一些毛病”可知，应选something。
答案：__B__
高频考向三　指示代词
指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
①this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人。
②有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。如：
I had a cold.That's why I didn't come.
③有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：
Television sets mad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.
④this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如：Hello！This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking
【例10】 —Hello，is that Betty speaking
—Yes.______．(2013，锦州)
A．This is Betty B．I'm Betty
C．You are Betty D．That's Betty
解析：电话用语中用this is...表达“我是……”。
答案：__A__
高频考向四　疑问代词、关系代词
疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow？(作主语)
What is that？(作表语)
Whose umbrella is this？(作定语)
Whom are you waiting for？(作宾语)
疑问代词与关系代词
①疑问代词通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。
②关系代词用来引导宾语从句，或定语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。what不能用在定语从句中充当关系代词，但that可用在定语从句中作关系代词。宾语从句中的关系代词与疑问代词一致。
③无论是疑问代词还是关系代词，which和what所指范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定范围内。如：
Which books do you like best？你最喜欢哪几本书？
What books do you like best？你最喜欢什么样的书？
④whom是who的宾格，在口语中作宾语时，也可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom。如：
Who(m) did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到谁了？
For whom are you waiting？你在等谁？
【例11】I really like t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he photo of my family______my sister took in the city park last year.(2014，绍兴)
A．which B．who C．what D．whom
解析：考查定语从句，先行词the photo指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应该用which。
答案：__A__
【例12】 —______ is that man over there
—He's my uncle.(2013，南充)
A．What B．Who C．Whose
解析：询问人且在句中作主语。
答案：__B__
一、单项选择。
1．Aunt Tina will visit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) us soon.__B__ is arriving tomorrow morning.(2014，重庆)
A．He B．She C．His D．Her
2．My sister is old enough to dress __B__ now.(2014，长沙)
A．himself B．herself C．myself D．her
3．Sam and Henry pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay football very well.We hope __B__ of them can join our team.(2014，重庆)
A．all B．both C．every D．some
4．—When shall we swimming，this Friday or Saturday
—__B__ is OK.I'll be free next week.(2014，哈尔滨)
A．Both B．Either C．Neither D．None
5．Bill thought __A__ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas.(2014，兰州)
A．it B．they C．them D．him
6．—I'll do the washi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng up.Jack，would you please do the floors？(2014，苏州)
—Why __D__？Susan is sitting there doing nothing.
A．her B．she C．I D．me
7．Betty and Kitty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are twin sisters.__B__ mother often dress them in colorful clothes.(2014，吉林)
A．They B．Their C．Theirs
8．Our mother earth gives us __D__ we need in our daily life.(2014，临沂)
A．nobody B．nothing
C．everybody D．everything
9．—Susan，go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
—Why __B__？John is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014，黄冈)
A．I B．me C．myself D．mine
10．At present，children mean __A__ to most parents in China.(2014，河南)
A．everything B．nothing
C．anything D．something
11．—Everyone knows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Canada is the second largest country in the world.(2014，黄冈)
—That is，it is larger than __B__ country in Asia.
A．any B．any other C．other D．another
12．—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know.I hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e __B__ information about him because we haven't seen each other for______years.(2014，随州)
A．a little；a few B．little；a few
C．a few；a little D．few；a little
13．—Which is your new neighbour，Liu Hua
—The man __D__ T shirt is red.(2014，泰安)
A．that B．who C．which D．whose
14．—Your English is very good.Who taught you
—__C__．I learned it all by myself.(2014，襄阳)
A．Somebody B．Everybody
C．Nobody D．Anybody
15．We have made __B__ a rule to read aloud in the morning.(2014，遂宁)
A．this B．it C．that D．/
连　词
【名题实战】
1．Spend more t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime talking with your parents，__A__ they may not well understand you.(2014，安徽)
A．or　　　　B．so　　　　C．and　　 　D．but
2．Rick has le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arned a lot about Chinese culture __D__ he came to China.(2014，安徽)
A．before B．when C．until D．since
3．Smile to the world，__D__ the world will smile back to you.(2013，安徽)
A．nor B．but C．or D．and
4．—Tom isn't feeling very well.
—He seems to have a cold __C__ the weather changes suddenly.(2012，安徽)
A．before B．so C．because D．though
5．My father was prepa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ring for his speech __B__ my mother was doing some washing last night.(2011，安徽)
A．if B．while C．unless D．until
6．—Do you like sports
—Yes，I do some running ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the park every day __C__ the weather is terrible.(2011，芜湖)
A．if B．after C．unless D．while
7．Bob promises to join ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the football match __C__ he has to help his parents on the farm.(2010，安徽)
A．if B．as C．unless D．when
【考点梳理】
从上面考题中可以看出，近五年 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )来连词是安徽中考考查的重点，每年至少会考一题。考生们在复习过程中要注意并列连词and，but，or的用法以及从属连词though，until，because，unless的用法。
高频考向一　并列连词
①表示平行或承接关系的：and， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as等；表示转折关系的：but，yet，while，however等；表示选择关系的：or，either...or...，not...but...；表示因果关系的：for，so等。
②both...and...连接主语时，谓 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语动词用复数形式；neither...nor...，not only...but also...，either...or...连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。so与because，but与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中，二者只能选其一；and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
【例1】 The train was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )late，______ we had to wait for half an hour.(2013，锦州)
A．because B．or C．so D．but
解析：“不得不等半个小时”是“火车晚点”的结果。
答案：__C__
【例2】Don't run in the classroom，______ you may hurt yourself.(2014，陕西)
A．and B．or C．but D．so
解析：由语境可知句意为“不要在教室里跑，否则你可能会伤到你自己。”
答案：__B__
【例3】—How do you like the two pairs of shorts
—They didn't fit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me well.They are ______oo long ______oo short.(2014，滨州)
A．not only；but also B．both；and
C．neither；nor D．either；or
解析：由答句前半句推知后半句句意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“他们不是太长就是太短”。not only...but also不但……而且……；both...and...两者都；neither...nor...既不……也不……；either...or...不是……就是……。
答案：__D__
高频考向二　从属连词
从属连词是指用于连接各种从句的连词。
引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表语从句、同位语从句)的从属连词有that，whether，if (是否)，as if；连接代词有who，whom，whose，which，what等；连接副词有when，where，how，why等。
引导状语从句的从属连词
①引导时间状语从句的连词有：when，while，as，until/till，as soon as，before，after等。
特别提示：while与as只能和延 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )续性动词连用；若as soon as引导的时间状语从句中主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
②引导目的状语从句的连词有so，so that，in order that，in case等。
③引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，for，since等。
④引导结果状语从句的连词有：so.. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).that，such...that等，so修饰adj.或adv.。such修饰名词，当名词前面有many，much，few或little修饰时，应用so。
⑤引导让步状语从句的连词有：altho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ugh，though，however(＝no matter how)，even if/though等。
⑥引导比较状语从句的连词有：as，than，as...as，not so/as...as等。
⑦引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless，as/so long as等。
⑧引导地点状语从句的连词有：where，wherever。
【例4】You'd better make a good plan______you take a holiday.(2013，莱芜)
A．before B．during C．until D．after
解析：由语境可知句意为“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在你度假之前最好制定一个好的计划”。before“在……之前”；during“在……期间”；until“直到……为止”；after“在……之后”。
答案：__A__
【例5】Talk to your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teacher and you will get help______you have a problem.(2014，临沂)
A．unless B．if C．until D．so
解析：由语境可知句意为“如果你有问题，就去和你的老师说，你将会获得帮助”。故应用if引导的条件状语从句。
答案：__B__
【例6】 —May I go to the movies with you
—I'm afraid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not______you have a ticket.Because I have only one.(2014，益阳)
A．if B．unless C．though
解析：由答语后半句“我只有一张票” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可推知前句应为“我恐怕，你不能，除非你有一张票。”if“如果”；unless“除非”；though“尽管；虽然”。
答案：__B__
【例7】Her grandfat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her lives a simple life______he has much money.(2014，孝感)
A．because B．so C．though D．if
解析：由前半句“他的爷爷过着简朴的生活”和后半句“他有很多钱”可知，前后在语意上存在转折关系，故此处应用though引导的让步状语从句。
答案：__C__
【例8】 Tony never s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pends money on buying books______he doesn't like reading.(2013，贺州)
A．but B．because C．though D．until
解析：but“但是”；because“因为”；though“尽管，虽然”；until“直到”。由前句的意思可知，后面是原因。
答案：__B__
一、单项选择。
1．__B__ I am in trouble，my classmates will help me out.(2014，成都)
A．Before B．Whenever
C．Although D．After
2．—Tim，how do your parents like pop music
—______ my da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d __B__ my mom likes it.They both prefer classical music.(2014，福州)
A．Either；or B．Neither；nor
C．Not only；but also D．Both；and
3．We are leaving tomorrow.We will be away __C__ next Friday.(2014，威海)
A．from B．until C．on D．since
4．Laura opened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the door and rushed into the rain __C__ I could stop her.(2014，济宁)
A．until B．after C．before D．unless
5．Read this article，__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B__ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.(2014，苏州)
A．or B．and C．but D．so
6．__C__ jeans were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) invented over 100 years ago，they're in fashion today.(2014，江西)
A．Because B．If C．Although D．Since
7．—I can hardly believe my eyes.Is that you，Lucy
—Yes.It has been almost 20 years __B__ we were together.(2014，黄冈)
A．since B．before C．after D．until
8．—Will you please give this message to Helen
—Sure.I'll give it to her __D__ she arrives here.(2014，赤峰)
A．until B．although
C．before D．as soon as
9．—Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow
—Yes，__B__ it rains heavily.(2014，广东)
A．if B．unless C．until D．when
10．—We will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )certainly enter a good high school __B__ we work hard.(2014，鄂州)
—Yes.Our dream will come true by working hard.
A．as soon as B．as long as
C．as far as D．even if
11．The little boy is______lovely __C__ everyone likes him.(2014，巴中)
A．such；that B．too；to
C．so；that D．either；or
12．—How do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou like the popular documentary “A Bite of China (舌尖上的中国)”？
—Excellent！You won ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t realize how wonderful our Chinese food is __D__ you watch it.(2014，荆州)
A．when B．as C．after D．until
13．—Which of the two magazines will you take
—I'll take ______hough I find __D__ of them are very useful to me.(2014，黄冈)
A．all；both B．either；either
C．either；neither D．either；both
14．Diana isn't here，__B__ leave a message on her desk.(2014，河北)
A．or B．so C．and D．but
15．You can't improve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) your spoken English __B__ you practice it every day from now on.(2014，襄阳)
A．as soon as B．unless
C．if D．since