2015中考英语复习教案 动词的语态

2015中考英语复习教案　
　动词的语态
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
【名题实战】
1．Thanks to the Inte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnet，different kinds of information __A__ in a short time.(2013，安徽)
A．can be learned B．has been learned
C．can learn D．has learned
2．The task __B__ in a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n hour.Then we can go home and have a good rest.(2012，安徽)
A．was finished B．will be finished
C．has been finished D．can't be finished
3．Don't worry.Your pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ckage __C__ here until you come back，so enjoy shopping here.(2011，安徽)
A．will keep B．has kept
C．will be kept D．has been kept
4．These days ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students in some schools __C__ not to use mobile phones.(2011，芜湖)
A．ask B．asked
C．are asked D．were asked
5．—Are you going to the party
—No，because I __D__．(2010，安徽)
A．have asked B．haven't asked
C．have been asked D．haven't been asked
【考点梳理】
近五年来，安徽中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。若主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。注：动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。
高频考向一　常见时态的被动语态
①一般现在时：am/is/are＋done.如：
It is made in China 它是中国制造的。
②一般过去时：was/were＋done.如：
The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。
③一般将来时：will＋be＋done.如：
She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。
④情态动词：情态动词＋be＋done.如：
Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。
⑤现在完成时：have/has＋been＋done.如：
The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。
【例1】 —At present，one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
—More chances______to students to learn from each other.
A．offer B．are offered
C．have offered D．are offering
解析：“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。
答案：__B__
【例2】 The Chinese wr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iter has got lots of fans in France.His new book______into French as soon as it came out.
A．was translated B．translated
C．is translated D．translates
解析：“他的新书”作主语，应使用被动语态；且从句的动作与主句的动作几乎同时发生，从句为一般过去时，主句也应使用一般过去时。
答案：__A__
【例3】 In the past ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )few years，thousands of films______all over the world.
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
解析：由“in the past few years在过去的几年里”可知要用现在完成时。“films”作主语，须用被动语态。
答案：__B__
高频考向二　语态用法的难点
①某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：
This dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。
The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。
The car needs repairing.＝That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。
②主动语态中有些动词，如：make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：
He made the boy work f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or him.＝The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。
③动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：
The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。
His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的计划遭到每个人的嘲笑。
④形容词cheap，com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：
A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。
This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。
⑤形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如：
The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
【例4】 The books______well.
A．sell B．sells
C．is sold D．are selling
解析：本句中主语the books是复数，sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这些书很畅销”。
答案：__A__
【例5】 This pair of shoes______hand，and it ______very comfortable.
A．is made with；is felt B．are made from；is felt
C．are made of；feels D．is made by；feels
解析：“这双鞋是由手工制 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成的，它感觉起来很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为连系动词，不能用被动语态。
答案：__D__
【例6】 If you see the cartoon film，you will______laugh.
A．be made B．be made to
C．made to D．make
解析：“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )被逗笑”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中，后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态时to必须加上。
答案：__B__
一、单项选择。
1．He is very surpri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed that all the houses in the village __D__ white.(2014，广州)
A．paint B．painted
C．are painting D．are painted
2．Hurry up！Once t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he concert starts，nobody __C__ to enter the concert hall.(2014，泰安)
A．allows B．allowed
C．is allowed D．is allowing
3．Three bridges __C__ over the river five years ago.(2014，临沂)
A．built B．build
C．were built D．are built
4．—Tom！I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
—Oh，I __D__ to the party.(2014，威海)
A．am invited B．was invited
C．am not invited D．wasn't invited
5．People in Lanzhou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are glad that a modern subway __B__ in several years.(2014，兰州)
A．will complete B．will be completed
C．has completed D．is completed
6．I want to know i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f an English singing competition __B__ next month.(2014，白银)
A．will hold B．will be held
C．holds D．is held
7．—Jack，your room is dirty.It should __A__ right away.
—Sorry，I'll do it right now.(2014，龙东)
A．be cleaned B．be cleaning
C．cleaned
8．Shenzhou Ⅹ，China' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s fifth manned spacecraft，__B__ into space on June 11，2013.(2014，盐城)
A．has sent B．was sent
C．will send D．is sent
9．—“Frog”，Mo Yan's latest novel，please!
—Sorry，it__D__just now，but it will come out again soon.(2013，泰州)
A．sold out B．is sold out
C．has sold out D．was sold out
10．—How often do I need to feed the dog？(2013，黄冈)
—It __C__ food every day，or it will be hungry.
A．must give B．must be give
C．must be given D．must be gave
11．The pet dog ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is warm and loving.It __C__ as a daughter of my family.(2014，河北)
A．treats B．treated
C．is treated D．was treated
12．We are sure that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the environment in our city __D__ greatly through our work in the near future.(2014，南京)
A．improved B．was improved
C．has improved D．will be improved
13．To my great surpri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se，the famous athlete's story __A__ differently in the newspapers.(2014，杭州)
A．was reported B．reported
C．was reporting D．reports
14．—I want to borrow the book，but I don't know how long it may__D__．
—For two weeks.(2013，十堰)
A．keep B．be borrowed
C．borrow D．be kept
15．The Dongyin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g Hainan airline__C__for about 5 months.I have taken the flights three times.(2013，东营)
A．is open B．has opened
C．has been open D．has been opened