北师大版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 1 Life Choices语法课导学案（无答案）

Unit 1
Infinitives and -ed/-ing adjectives
【复习重点短语】：(5mins)
1.做某事是便利的 ______________________________
2易于做某事_________________________________
3.着手做某事____________________________
4.做某事花费某人一些时间_______________________
5.计划做某事_____________________________
6.打算做某事_________________________________
7.告诉某人做某事_____________________________
写出下列词汇所对应的形容词（-ed/-ing）
8.tire _______________________________
9.excite_________________________________
10.suprise__________________________________
11.interest__________________________
12.challenge__________________________________
13.satisfy________________________________
【学习目标】：
1.掌握动词不定式的用法；
2. 掌握-ed/-ing形式的形容词用法。
【学习重点】：
理解并掌握动词不定式及-ed/-ing形式的形容词用法。
【学习难点】：
能够在答题时灵活运用动词不定式及-ed/-ing形式的形容词。
【高考考向】：语法填空
【自学指导1】：理解并识记动词不定式相关知识点。(10mins)
1.动词不定式的时态和语态
语态 时态 主动 被动
一般时 to do to be done
进行时 to be doing
完成时 to have done to have been done
2.动词不定式的语法功能
(1). 作主语
To master a foreign language is necessary nowadays.
当今社会，掌握一门外语很有必要。
*为了保持句子的平衡，也可以使用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在句末。
To learn English well is very important. = It is very important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。
(2). 作宾语
只接动词不定式作宾语的常用动词
三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse
设法宁会做决定：manage, learn, decide
不要假装在选择：pretend, choose
打算提出防计划：intend, offer, plan, mean
申请失败负担起：apply, fail, afford
准备愿望又碰巧：prepare, desire, happen
(3). 作表语
His dream is to go to a key university.
＝ To go to a key university is his dream.
他的梦想是上重点大学。
*有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动形式，但意义上却是被动的。She is to blame. 她该受到责备。
(4). 作定语
The future to greet us will be bright.我们的未来会很美好。
(5).作宾语补足语
*动词不定式可以在句中充当宾语补足语，常用动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, call, cause, command, encourage, get, order, persuade, permit, remind, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。
Her mother doesn't allow her to go out alone at night.
她母亲不允许她晚上独自出去。
(6). 作状语
I'm saving up money to buy a new computer.
=To buy a new computer, I'm saving up money.
为了买一台新电脑，我正在存钱。
3. 动词不定式的复合结构
(1). It is+ adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth. (形容词用来说明主语的特征）
(2). It is+ adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. (形容词用来说明句中动词的特征)
4.疑问词+动词不定式结构
When to start has not been decided. (主语）
何时动身，尚未决定。
I can tell you where to buy the book. (宾语）
我可以告诉你在哪里可以买到这本书。
The difficulty was how to cross the river. (表语)
困难在于如何过河。
【自学检测1】 用单词的适当形式填空。 (3mins)
1.It is rude (turn) your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.
2.Experts hope (learn)more about the movement of Samsung.
3. It's not good you to read in the sun.
4. It is careless you to make lots of mistakes.
5.I know where (find) the boy
【自学指导2】：理解并识记-ed/-ing形式的形容词相关知识点。（3mins）
1.-ed/-ing结尾的形容词表示特征和状态
-ing形式的形容词主要用于修饰事物，表示事物的性质或特征；若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征，通常意为“令人 的”。
-ed形式的形容词通常用于描述人的情感，表达外界事物对人产生的影响，说明句中主语(人）的心理状态，常意为“感到…的”。
2.常见的-ed/-ing结尾的形容词：
惊讶的 amazed 失望的 disappointed
令人惊讶的 amazing 令人失望的 disappointing
感动的 moved 高兴的 pleased
令人感动的 moving 令人高兴的 pleasing
害怕的 frightened 困惑的 puzzled
令人害怕的 frightening 令人困惑的 puzzling
【自学检测2】用单词的适当形式填空。（2mins）
1.The child looked at me with a expression; maybe the problem was quite . ( puzzle)
2. Tom‘s parents are at his result of the exam. (disappoint)
【高考链接】用所给词的适当形式填空 (5mins)
1．I’m surprised __________(hear) that Sue and Paul have broken up. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
2．It is important for him ________ (finish) it in ten hours.
3．Studies show that students often exposed to too much pressure tend ________(develop) mental problems.
【当堂训练】(15mins）
一．完成下列表格
语态 时态 主动 被动
一般时
进行时
完成时
二．完成下列表格
惊讶的 失望的
令人惊讶的 令人失望的
感动的 高兴的
令人感动的 令人高兴的
害怕的 困惑的
令人害怕的 令人困惑的
三．单句语法填空
1. It’s an honor for me (ask )to speak here.
2. Our job is (keep) the order in the street.
3. Our teacher advised us (learn) through experiment.
4. He didn’t know what (do) to spend his spare time.
5. The sound outside at night made her . (frighten)
6.The film was so that the audience were deeply . (move)