人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Body Language Discover useful structures Grammar语法课件-2(共42张PPT)023-2024学年高中英

(共42张PPT)
Discover Useful Structures
Subject(主)
1
Object(宾)
2
Predicative(表)
3
Attribute（定）
4
Adverbial（状）
5
Object complement(宾补)
6
1.Review of the usage of the –ing form.
V-ing 时态和语态
主 动 被 动
一般
完成
否定式 doing
being done
having done
having been done
not+doing / not+having done
2.Tell the function of the –ing form in each sentence.
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. (Para 2)
Someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. (Para 3)
Adverbial（时间状）
Object complement
（宾补）
In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. (Para 3)
In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. (Para 4)
Perhaps the best example is smiling. (Para 6)
Attribute（定语）
Subject（主）
Predicative（表）
Object（宾）
Subject（主）
2.Tell the function of the –ing form in each sentence.
什么是宾语？
什么词可以作宾语？
宾语的位置？
动作的承受者
名词、代词、数词等
及物动词和介词后
动词-ing形式在句中作宾语
sentences whose -ing form come after the verb as object from the reading text on Page 38 and Page 39.
However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and
Germany, as it is not considered polite. (P38, L17)
2. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist,
or nodding the head when they meet someone else. (P38, L27)
3. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make
yourself feel happier and stronger. (P39, L8)
动词的宾语
只能接动名词作宾语的动词：
考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, pardon
承认推迟没得想: admit, delay / put off, fancy / imagine
避免错过继续练: avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practice
否认完成停能赏: deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate
不禁介意准逃亡: can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape
禁止冒险凭想象: forbid, risk, imagine
只能接动名词作宾语动词短语：
难以忍受始反对: can’t stand, set about / get down to, object to
想要成功坚持忙: feel like, succeed in, insist on, be busy (in) ...
习惯放弃有困难: get used to, give up, have difficulty / trouble (in) ...
导致专心不推迟: lead to / contribute to, be devoted to, put off
Every time you feel like _________ (smoke) a cigarette, remind
yourself that you are a non-smoker.
2. Would you mind ________ (wait) here for some minutes
3. She is busy __________ (prepare) for the coming exam.
4. I always have difficulty ____________ (pronounce) new words.
5. She is considering _________ (buy) a house in Shanghai.
smoking
waiting
preparing
pronouncing
buying
Your hair wants cutting.　
The floor requires washing.
That novel is not worth reading.
你需要被理发了。
地板需要 被冲洗。
那本小说不值得(被)读。
【特别注意1】The -ing form 在少数表“需要”的动词 (如 want, need, require, deserve, desire 等) 后表示被动意义。
特别注意：
sth need / require / deserve / want / desire + doing
= sth need / require / deserve / want / desire + to be done
【特别注意2】有些动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语
在like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，
动词-ing形式：泛指的动作；不定式：具体的一次性动作。
在begin/start, continue之后，用动词-ing和不定式，意义无区别，尤其是当主语是人时。
在forget（忘记）, remember（记住）, regret（后悔）之后，动词-ing：已经发生的动作；不定式：将要发生的动作。
eg I remember posting the letter.
I’ll remember to post the letter.
I shall never forget seeing the famous writer.
Don’t forget to write to your mother. (翻译)
我记得我已把信寄了。
我会记着去寄信的。
我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。
不要忘了给你母亲写信。
【特别注意2】有些动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语
4. 其他。对比分析：
go on doing 继续做原来做的事
go on to do 接着做另一件事
mean doing 意味着要做某事
mean to do 想要做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下来（别的事）
有些动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，
4. 其他。对比分析：
try doing 试着做某事
try to do 努力做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used to do 被用来做某事
can't help doing 禁不住做某事
can't help to do 不能帮助做某事
1) He stopped ________ (smoke) and have a rest. 2) He really must stop_________ (smoke).
3) I once tried ________ (learn) French.
4) Let’s try _________ (knock) at the back door.
5) I didn’t to mean ________ (hurt) your feeling.
6) This word means ________ (set) out at once.
to smoke
smoking
to learn
knocking
to hurt
setting
Find other sentences whose -ing form come after the preposition as object from the reading text on Page 38 and Page 39.
A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in
circles over your stomach after a meal. (P39, L3)
2. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better
than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. (P39, L9)
介词的宾语
The -ing form of the words and phrases come after preposition as object.
1. On _________ (arrive), we set about __________ (climb) in
groups.
2. By _______ (bow), we mean “bending our head or body forward as
a sign of respect or shame”.
3. We intended to visit the theme park but ended up _______ (call) on
Professor Zhang.
arriving
climbing
bowing
calling
4. We should insist on __________ (practice) our spoken English on a
daily basis.
5. I’m looking forward to ___________ (receive) your reply.
6. My father is used to ______ (go) to bed late and ________ (get) up
very early.
practicing
receiving
going
getting
The -ing form of the words and phrases come after preposition as object.
The -ing form 作介词的宾语时需要注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attention to 等中的 to 都是介词，不是不定式符号to do.
常见的带介词 to 的短语:
admit to（承认）
lead to（导致）
be equal to（胜任的）
stick to（忠于；坚持）
pay attention to（注意）
be addicted to（沉溺于）
object to（反对）
devote oneself to（献身于）
keep to（坚持）
contribute to（有助于）
be / get used to（习惯于）
look forward to（盼望）
get down to（着手做）
Fill in the blanks with proper expressions.
1. 很抱歉我没有按时交作业。
I am sorry for ____________ (not, handle) my homework on time.
2. 弗雷迪和他的乐队走到哪里都会有人跟随。
Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without
_____________ (follow).
3. 我不知道他竟然会干出这种事情与你对抗。
I have no idea of his ___________ (do) such a thing against you.
4. 许多消费者抱怨那家商店缺斤少两。
Many customers complain of __________________ (give) short
weight at that shop.
not handling
having been given
being followed
having done
动词-ing形式在句中作表语
什么是表语？
什么词可以作表语？
(一) 表语（Predicative）
Her sister is a nurse.
When he heard the news, he got angry.
Silk feels soft and smooth.
This is where our basic interest lies.
主语+系动词+表语
用来说明主语的身份、内容、性质、品性、特征或状态的句子成分
在系动词之后
系动词分类：
系动词要记牢，五感五变三保持，一是一像永不忘
五感： look , sound , smell , taste , feel
五变： grow , turn , get go , become , come , fall
三保持：keep , stay , remain
一是： be ( am , is , are , was , were )
一像： seem
Look at the examples below, paying attention to the red parts and figure out the function of them.
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. (P38, L5)
作表语
Find other sentences whose -ing form come after the linking verb as predicative from the reading text on Page 38 and Page 39.
sentences whose -ing form come after the linking verb as predicative from the reading text on Page 38 and Page 39.
1. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand
in circles over your stomach after a meal. (P39, L3)
2. Perhaps the best example is smiling. (P39, L5)
作表语
The -ing form as predicative
比较分词形容词和动名词作表语
His hobby is interesting.
His hobby is collecting stamps.
Interesting is his hobby.
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
（分词形容词）
（动名词）


现在分词和动名词作表语时在形式上没有任何区别，但是在功能和意义上有较大差异：
现在分词说明主语的________，常含有“令/使人……”；
动名词说明主语的_______，；可以和主语___________。
特性
内容
Summary
The -ing form as predicative
位置互换
1. Complete the sentences using the -ing form of the words and phrases in the box. Two are extra. Then state their functions.
1. Bill's job is _________ sign language.
2. The theme of his presentation is _____________ barriers between groups.
3. By _________, we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame”.
teaching
amuse, teach, break down, call on, bow, get through, assess
breaking down
bowing
宾语
表语
表语
4. _______________ three kilometers of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.
5. We intended to visit the theme park but ended up ___________ Professor Zhang.
Getting through
calling on
主语
宾语
amuse, teach, break down, call on, bow, get through, assess
2. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.
Reading body language is not an easy task. It can be ____________ because interpreting the signs that another person shows requires __________________________. In this sense, it can be compared to a doctor ______________
________________.
challenging
lie, challenge, consider individual differences, maintain, consider the whole picture, evaluate a patient's condition
evaluating a
considering the whole picture
patient's condition
______________________________ is also key to reading people's body language accurately. For example, when _________, some people avoid eye contact. By contrast, others may _________ eye contact even longer than usual.
lying
maintain
Considering individual differences
lie, challenge, consider individual differences, maintain, consider the whole picture, evaluate a patient's condition
练一练
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of__________ (visit) the place.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by_____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements ...
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) you should avoid ______(eat)
with heavier people who order large portions.
visiting
noting
eating
(2020·天津高考)To help us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested _______(read) through our notes.
⑤Would you mind _______(move) the box for me
⑥We are all looking forward to _______(visit) the museum soon.
(7)He doesn’t really mean _______(work) here, which means _______(leave) the job soon afterwards.
(8)The deer was lucky and it just missed _____________(catch) by the hunter.
reading
moving
visiting
to work
leaving
being caught
二.完成句子
1．我的职责是教你如何学习。
My duty is _________________________________.
2．父母反对我嫁给他。
My parents objected to ____________________.
3．比尔建议召开一个会议，讨论假期期间为老人做些什么。
Bill suggested ____________________________on what to do for the old during the vacation.
teaching you how to study
my marrying him
holding a meeting
4．你介意我打开窗户吗？
Do you mind __________________________
5．我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。
We are busy ______________________________.
6．让他不高兴的是他把他最喜欢的自行车丢了。
What has made him unhappy is ________________________.
my opening the windows
(in) preparing for the coming exam
losing his favourite bike
7．你一旦控制住了一个局面，又得接着应付下一个。
When you have mastered one situation, you have to _____________________________________.
8．我很遗憾地告诉你，你母亲病得很重，但你不必因为留下她独自一人而内疚。
I ______________ you that your mother is badly ill, but you needn't _________________ her alone.
regret leaving
go on to deal with the next
regret to tell
I suggest doing it in a different way.
1.我建议用一种不同的方法做这件事情。
I regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.
2.我遗憾的通知你，你的申请已经被拒绝了。
翻译句子
3.他坚持按照自己的方法做这件事。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
What I hate most is being laughed at.
4.我最恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
5.只有通过努力学习你才能成功。
Only by studying hard can you succeed.
7.盼望早日见到你。
8.帮助别人就是帮助自己。
6.我后悔花这么多时间玩电脑游戏。
I regretted spending too much time on playing computer games.
Look forward to seeing you earlier.
Helping others means helping youself.