2024届高三英语复习- 情态动词和虚拟语气
1 ．I to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go.
A ．intended B ．have intended C ．was intending D ．had intended
2 ．He recommended she some research about what a healthy candy would contain.
A ．do B ．did C ．would do D ．to do
3 ．The woman insisted that the lost child to store’s information desk so his parents could be informed.
A ．be taken B ．was taken C ．taking D ．must be taken
4 ．It seemed as if the world to an end.
A ．is coming B ．were coming C ．was coming D ．has come
5 ．It is the first time he here and now it is high time that he around.
A ．come;should be showed
B ．has come;was showed
C ．has come;be showed
D ．came;was showed
6 ．My suggestion is that you much meat.
A ．wouldn’t take B ．shall not take
C ．not have D ．won’t have
7 ．I you a valuable present for your birthday, but I all my money.
A ．would like to give; ran out of
B ．would like to have given; ran out of
C ．would like to give; was run out of
D ．would like to give; ran out
8 ．It is high time that we action.Otherwise we late.
A ．take;will be B ．take;are
C ．took;will be D ．took;would be
9 ．The local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there pulled down.
A ．have to be B ．will be C ．be D ．must be
10 ．—I have heard that John wrote a long letter to the president.
—His uncle insisted that he it.
A ．did B ．had done C ．do D ．would do
11 ．Without the help of my English teacher ，I the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A ．would win B ．would have won
C ．would not win D ．would not have won
12 ． , I’d have told you.
A ．If I would have known it
B ．If I had have known it
C ．Had I known it
D ．Should I know it
13 ．We insisted that the meaningless argument .
A ．should bring to an end
B ．was brought to an end
C ．might come to an end
D ．come to an end
14 ．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention at the meeting.
A ．to be discussed B ．to been discussed
C ．being discussed D ．should be discussed
15 ．He was determined that his children to the best school available.
A ．should go B ．went C ．ought to go D ．would go
16 ．He the person referred to be put in prison.
A ．said B ．demanded C ．agreed D ．thought
17 ．The boss demanded that Mary the work within a week.
A ．finished B ．would finish C ．had finished D ．finish
18 ．That surprising in the past.
A ．were considered B ．are considered
C ．had been considered D ．would have been considered
19 ．—I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain.
—What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I it.
A ．wouldn’t have missed B ．wouldn’t miss
C ．didn’t miss D ．hadn’t missed
20 ．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he a Chinese.
A ．were B ．had been
C ．is D ．has been
21 ．Ms Smith have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him. I suppose.
A ．might B ．must C ．would D ．should
22 ．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there
—I knew that he had gone to England. It be him.
A ．might B ．could C ．can’t D ．must
23 ．—Congratulations! You great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
A ．must have made B ．should have made C ．could makeD ．would make
24 ．—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he if he has something else to do.
A ．mustn’t B ．needn’t C ．shouldn’t D ．can’t
25．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking that building it have been a huge
project in ancient times.
A ．should B ．must C ．could D ．need
26 ．Waking up suddenly lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure.
A ．must B ．would C ．can D ．shall
27 ．I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book, but all they tell me was that it would come out
before the end of the year.
A ．might B ．must C ．could D ．should
28 ．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it have been a huge project to
build it in ancient times.
A ．should B ．must C ．would D ．need
29．Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You make the same mistake again.
A ．mustn’t B ．needn’t C ．don’t have to D ．wouldn’t
30．“Those responsible for the accident be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded.”
promised the official then and there.
A ．need B ．shall C ．must D ．should
31 ．—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy
—OK. You have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A ．might B ．must C ．could D ．shall
32 ．Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to
changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A ．could have enjoyed B ．may enjoy C ．must have enjoyed D ．can enjoy
33 ．Old age burn and rage at the close of day; rage, rage against the dying of the light.
A ．couldn’t B ．should C ．wouldn’t D ．shall
34 ．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she her legs when she fell over.
A ．should have broken B ．must have broken C ．could have broken D ．would have
broken
35 ．It is entirely appropriate that his music at this festival
A ．plays B ．is played C ．be played D ．will play
36 ． to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A ．If were I B ．I were C ．Were I D ．Was I
37 ．The printer is of good quality it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A ．Would B ．Should
C ．Could D ．Might
38 ．If he had not gone out in the storm, he alive now.
A ．will be B ．would be C ．would have been D ．is
39 ．I advised that he to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quite well then.
A ．was sent; felt B ．be sent; was feeling
C ．be sent; feel D ．should be sent; should feel
40 ． the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for
41 ．—Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I .
A ．will B ．have C ．did D ．had
42 ．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she a few books on world history before
hand.
A ．hadn’t read B ．hasn’t read C ．wouldn’t have read D ．didn’t read
43 ．The new traffic law requires that everyone his or her car checked at least once a year.
A ．has B ．had C ．will have D ．have
44 ．Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he me how.
A ．teaches B ．will teach C ．has taught D ．would teach
45 ．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he everything.
A ．knew B ．knows C ．has known D ．had known
46 ．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life to finance the Project with their deeper love
for these children.
A ．be encouraged B ．are encouraged C ．were encouraged D ．should encourage
47 ．If he to the teacher attentively yesterday, he the answer to the problem now.
A ．had listened; would have known B ．listened; would know
C ．listened; would have known D ．had listened; would know
48 ．It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.
A ．are sent B ．be sent C ．will be sent D ．should send
49 ．Sorry, I am too busy at the moment. If I free, I would certainly go for a walk with you.
A ．have been B ．had been C ．am D ．were
50 ．If only I an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A ．took B ．should take C ．had taken D ．take
51 ． the traffic jam on the highway, we should have arrived at the stadium earlier.
A ．In spite of B ．Because of C ．But for D ．Due to
52 ．It was demanded that the working conditions in that area as soon as possible.
A ．must improve B ．improve C ．was improved D ．be improved
53 ．I James some advice, but I didn’t think he would accept it under those conditions.
A ．could have given B ．mustn’t give
C ．couldn’t give D ．must have given
54 ．Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.
A ．won’t; can’t B ．shouldn’t; must C ．mustn’t; may D ．can’t, wouldn’t
55．My pain obvious the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically, “Are
you feeling all right ”
A ．must be B ．may be C ．might have been D ．must have been
56 ．— Excuse me, where is George
— George too far. His coffee is still warm.
A ．must have gone B ．might have gone
C ．can’t have gone D ．needn’t have gone
57 ．You so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
A ．shouldn’t speak B ．couldn’t have spoken
C ．don’t have to D ．needn’t have spoken
58 ．George too far. His tea is still warm.
A．should have gone B．can’t have gone C．might have gone D．needn’t have
gone
59 ．—It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You . You could have got one online.
A ．mustn’t have B ．shouldn’t have C ．can’t have D ．needn’t have
60 ．It is time that you got down to doing something, so I urge that everyone of you well prepared for the
coming examination.
A ．would get B ．get C ．gets D ．got
二 、 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered where Lego( 乐高积木)came from Like many great inventions,the story is not just
one of a great idea, 61 one of a ton of hard work and perseverance（毅力） .
The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen was a carpenter 62 was struggling with his small business. His wife died 63 (short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to support his family alone. He started making wood toys,but they didn't sell well. He decided his toys needed a name,and he
chose 64 name"Lego".
Unfortunately, several years later, his workshop 65 (burn) to the ground. Soon,he started to make a few plastic toys. He got the idea to create a “system" of toys that would build up kids' 66 (imagine) and creativity. He decided to stop 67 (make) wood toys and focus only on the connected plastic toys. Then he started to build more and more kinds of 68 (model). Each one had to be of the 69
(high) quality, which can be reflected in Lego's motto —“Only the best is good enough. ”
Thanks to their perseverance, kids can enys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But none of
this would have existed at that time if they 70 (give up) when times got hard.
Passage 2
What does it take to graduate from a university Many 71 say all you have to do is take classes and
pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.
Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree 72 they can pass
the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.
Exceptions 73 (allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical
staff.
Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 74 the university is
linking swimming ability with degrees.
“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students’ endurance and is 75 (harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water sport,”
he told China Daily.
Viewing the ability 76 (swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it was
also a requirement in the early 20th century.
It was later dropped 77 a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua
University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for
students.
However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.
Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental(基 本 的 ) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making 78 mandatory( 强制 的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told
China Daily.
However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to swim as an
adult will be difficult.”
In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 79 encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students. “Anything 80 (prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of
aquatics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.2024届高三英语复习- 情态动词和虚拟语气
1 ．I to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go.
A ．intended B ．have intended C ．was intending D ．had intended
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算早点回来，但他们就说不让我走。结合句意表达
“
本打算做某事
（而未做）
”
用
had intended to do
，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故选
D
。
)
2 ．He recommended she some research about what a healthy candy would contain.
A ．do B ．did C ．would do D ．to do
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议她做一些关于健康糖果含有什么的研究。分析句子
可知，
“recommended”
后为宾语从句，空处为从
句谓语；在英语中，
recommend
后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语
气，即谓语动词用
should+
动词原形，
should
可省略。故选
A
。
)
3 ．The woman insisted that the lost child to store’s information desk so his parents could be informed.
A ．be taken B ．was taken C ．taking D ．must be taken
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：这位女士坚持要把走失的孩子带到商店的咨询
台，以便通知他的父
母。
insist
作
“
坚持
”
讲时其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，
谓语部分为
“should+
动词原形
”
，
should
可省；主语
child
和
take
之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；此处用
be done
构成含情态动
词的被动语态。综上，故选
A
。
)
4 ．It seemed as if the world to an end.
A ．is coming B ．were coming C ．was coming D ．has come
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：仿佛世界末日即将来临。因指的是过去的事情，主句用一般过
去时，
从句用过去进行时表示过去将来，
as if
表
示
“
仿佛
”
，后接从句要用虚拟语气，
be
动词用
were
；
come to
an end
表示
“
结束
”
。故选
B
。
)
5 ．It is the first time he here and now it is high time that he around.
A ．come;should be showed
B ．has come;was showed
C ．has come;be showed
D ．came;was showed
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他第一次到这里
并且现在到了他被带领参观的时候了。空格
1
在句中
作谓语，固定句型
It is the first time
（
that
）
...
意为
“
第一次做某事
”
，结构中
that
从句应用现在完成时；空格
2
在
that
从句中作谓语，
It is high time that...
为虚拟语气句型，
意为
“
到了做某事的时候
”
，结构中
that
从句应
用一般过去时表示虚拟，由于
that
从句中主语
he
和
show
之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选
B
项。
)
6 ．My suggestion is that you much meat.
A ．wouldn’t take B ．shall not take
C ．not have D ．won’t have
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是你不要吃太多肉
。名词
suggestion“
建议
”
后的表语从句用虚拟语
气，谓语动词用
should
＋动词原形，
should
可以省略；
“
吃肉
”
可以用动词
have
，不用
take
。故选
C
。
)
7 ．I you a valuable present for your birthday, but I all my money.
A ．would like to give; ran out of
B ．would like to have given; ran out of
C ．would like to give; was run out of
D ．would like to give; ran out
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查动词的时态语态以及虚拟。句意：我本来想给你买一份贵重的生日礼物，但我把钱花光了。
分析句子可知，第一空是在过去虚拟条件
“
如果我的钱没有花完
”
下，得出的结论，故需要用到
would like
to have done
表示
“
本想
……
但没有
”
。主语
I
和动词短语
run out of
为主谓关系，
故用主动形式即可。
故选
B
项。
)
8 ．It is high time that we action.Otherwise we late.
A ．take;will be B ．take;are
C ．took;will be D ．took;would be
(
【答案】
D
)
(
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是我们采取行动的时候
了。否则我们就迟到了。
It’s high time that
结构中
用过去时；
otherwise
相当于
if
虚拟条件句，其后的主句为与将来
事实相反的虚拟语气。故选
D
。
)
9 ．The local authorities had given the instruction that all the old buildings there pulled down.
A ．have to be B ．will be C ．be D ．must be
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当地政府已下令拆除那里所有的旧建筑。
instructio
n
后
that
引出的同位语从
句，谓语动词用
(should) do
形式。所以谓语动词是省略
should+
动词原形，被拆除，是
be+
动词过去
分词，
故选
C
。
)
10 ．—I have heard that John wrote a long letter to the president.
—His uncle insisted that he it.
A ．did B ．had done C ．do D ．would do
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：
——
我听说约翰给总统写了
一封长信。
——
他叔叔坚持要他做这件事。句
中的
insist
意为
“
坚持要求
”
之意，因此宾语从句应用
should +
动词原形的虚拟语
气形式，
should
可以省略。
故选
C
。
)
11 ．Without the help of my English teacher ，I the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A ．would win B ．would have won
C ．would not win D ．would not have won
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语演讲比赛中获取第一名。根据句意可 知，空格处谓语动词应使用
would (not) have done
形式，表示与过去事实
相反的虚拟语气形式，即
“
如果没
有英语老师的帮助（实际他
/
她给予我很大帮
助
），
我不会获奖
”
，故选
D
。
)
12 ． , I’d have told you.
A ．If I would have known it
B ．If I had have known it
C ．Had I known it
D ．Should I know it
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：如果我知道这件事，我早就
告诉你了。结合句意可知，此处表示与
)
过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词需要用 had done 的形式；在 if 型的虚拟语气中，当谓语动词有 were 、 had、should 等词时，可以将 if 省略，C 项省略了 if，并将 were、had、should 提前，为虚拟语气的倒装形式。 故选 C 项。
13 ．We insisted that the meaningless argument .
A ．should bring to an end
B ．was brought to an end
C ．might come to an end
D ．come to an end
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。
A. should bring to an end
应
该使
……
终止；
B. was brought to an end
被终止；
C.
might
come
to
an
end
可能结束；
D.
come
to
an
end
结束。
insist
表示
“
坚决要求
”
，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应为
should
＋动词原形，
should
可省
略，
不及物动词短语
come to an end
，符合句意。故选
D
项。
)
14 ．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention at the meeting.
A ．to be discussed B ．to been discussed
C ．being discussed D ．should be discussed
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论
。
worth
后应是及物动词的动名
词形式，
pay attention to“
注意
”
，
to
为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为
suggest
，从句中应用虚拟语气
(should)
do
结构，主语
problem
与
discuss
是被动关系，故用
be discussed
，故选
A
项。
)
15 ．He was determined that his children to the best school available.
A ．should go B ．went C ．ought to go D ．would go
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他决心让孩子们
去最好的学校。分析句子结构和意思可知，
that
引导的是
determine
后的宾语从句，从句谓语常用
should do
，
should
可省的虚拟语气结构。故选
A
。
)
16 ．He the person referred to be put in prison.
A ．said B ．demanded C ．agreed D ．thought
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他要球被提到的这
个人应该被关进监狱。
A. said
说；
B. demanded
要求；
C.
)
(
agreed
同意；
D. thought
认为。
demand that
后可以接虚拟语气，结构为
(sh
ould)+do
的形式。故选
B
项。
)
17 ．The boss demanded that Mary the work within a week.
A ．finished B ．would finish C ．had finished D ．finish
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老板要求玛丽在一周内完成工作。分析句意可知，动词
deman
d“
要求
”
后跟
从句时，从句中用虚拟语气
(should) do
。故选
D
项。
)
18 ．That surprising in the past.
A ．were considered B ．are considered
C ．had been considered D ．would have been considered
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这在过去会被认为是令人惊讶的。从
in th
e past
可知， 不能选择
B
、
C
；
would
have been considered
是
if
虚拟语气句中的主句，表示同过去事实相反，该句省略了
if
从句。故选
D
。
)
19 ．—I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain.
—What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I it.
A ．wouldn’t have missed B ．wouldn’t miss
C ．didn’t miss D ．hadn’t missed
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：
——
因为下雨，我昨晚没去看电影。
——
真遗憾！如果我拿到了票，我就
不会错过了。由句意知昨天晚上我并没有拿到票，所以就没有看成电影，所
以空处所在句子是对过去发生
情况的一种推测，从句使用过去完成时，主句应用情态词
+have done
的形式。故选
A
项。
)
20 ．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he a Chinese.
A ．were B ．had been
C ．is D ．has been
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他说汉语是那样的流利就好像他是一个中国人。
“
他是一个中国人
”
是假设，
所以此处
as if
引导方式状语从句中要用虚拟语气；由句意可知，与现在事实相反，
be
动词要用
were
。故选
A
。
)
21 ．Ms Smith have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him. I suppose.
A ．might B ．must C ．would D ．should
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：史密斯女士一定认为约翰逊是值得的，否则她不会在他身上浪费时间。我
想。
A. might
或许；
B. must
一定；
C. would
将会；
D. should
应该。根据句意可知，对过去的可
能性很大的
情况进行肯定推测，用
must have done“
一定
……”
。故选
B
。
)
22 ．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there
—I knew that he had gone to England. It be him.
A ．might B ．could C ．can’t D ．must
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：
——
托尼，那是布莱克先生吗？
——
我知道他已经去了英国。不可能
是他。
A. might
可能，表示不太肯定的推测；
B. could
可以，表示建议；
C. can’t
不可能，表示否定的推测；
D. must
一定，肯定，表示肯定的推测。由
I knew th
at he had gone to England.
可知，布莱克先生已经去了英
国，所以不可能是他。情态动词的否定推测应用
can’t
。故选
C
。
)
23 ．—Congratulations! You great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
A ．must have made B ．should have made C ．could makeD ．would make
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：
——
祝贺你
!
你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。
——
谢谢
。我很
感激老师的指导。
A. must have done
一定已经做了；
B. should
have done
本应做；
C.
could
do
能做；
D.
would
do
会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在
此之前一定为这次
比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用
must have done
结构，意为
“
一定做了
……”
。故选
A
项。
)
24 ．—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he if he has something else to do.
A ．mustn’t B ．needn’t C ．shouldn’t D ．can’t
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：
——
伊桑在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。
——
嗯，如果他有别
的事要做，就不用了。
A. mustn’t
禁止；
B. needn’t
不需要；
C. shouldn’t
不应该；
D. can
’t
不能。根据上下句
句意可知，此处为情态动词
needn’t“
不需要
”
，满足句意要求。故选
B
项。
)
25．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking that building it have been a huge
project in ancient times.
A ．should B ．must C ．could D ．need
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的
工程。
A. should
应该；
B. must
必须；
C. could
可能；
D. need
需要。根据
句意可知，表示对过去情况肯定猜
猜测用
must have done
，意为
“
一定是
……”
。故选
B
。
)
26 ．Waking up suddenly lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure.
A ．must B ．would C ．can D ．shall
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：突然醒来会导致心率加快和高血
压。
A. must
一定；
B. would
将会；
C. can
可能；
D. shall
将要。此处表示推测，意为
“
能够，
可以
”
应用
can
，故选
C
。
)
27 ．I asked in the bookshop about Will Dutton’s latest book, but all they tell me was that it would come out
before the end of the year.
A ．might B ．must C ．could D ．should
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我在书店询问威尔
·
达顿的新书，但他们只能告诉我，这本书将在
今年年底前出版。
A. might
也许；
B
. must
必须；
C. could
能够；
D. should
应该。根据
“I asked
in
the bookshop
about Will Dutton’s latest book,”
可知，书店店员只能告诉
这本书将在今年年底前出版。故选
C
。
)
28 ．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it have been a huge project to
build it in ancient times.
A ．should B ．must C ．would D ．need
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项
浩大的工程。
A.
should
应该；
B. must
必须；
C. would
将；
D. need
需要。
must have done“
一定做过某事
”
表
示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据
“
to
build
it
in
ancient
times
.”
可知，古
代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。
故选
B
。
)
29 ．Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You make the same mistake
again.
A ．mustn’t B ．needn’t C ．don’t have to D ．wouldn’t
(
【答案】
A
)
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：下次，在你签署文件之前，先看看上面的小字。你不允许再犯同样的错误 了。 A. mustn't 禁止； B.needn't 没必要； C.don't have to 不必； D.wouldn't 不愿意。根据句意可知，此处表示 禁止在犯同样的错误，故选 A。
30．“Those responsible for the accident be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded.”
promised the official then and there.
A ．need B ．shall C ．must D ．should
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：
“
对事故负有责任的人要受到处罚
，对解决问题有贡献的人要受到奖
励。
”
那个官员当场答应道。
A. need
需要；
B. shall
（表
示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告、命令、决心等）
一定会，必须，应该，可以；
C. must
必须， 一定；
D.
should
应该。
shall
用于第二、三人称表
示
“
允诺，警
告，命令
”
等语气。这里是表示
“
命令
”
的语气。故选
B
。
)
31 ．—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy
—OK. You have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A ．might B ．must C ．could D ．shall
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：
——
妈妈，给我讲
个航天员杨利伟的故事好吗？
——
好，如果你
尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。
A. might
或许；
B. must
必须；
C
. could
可能；
D.
shall
将会，应该。
shall
用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、命令，威胁等，此句是表示允诺。故选
D
。
)
32 ．Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to
changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A ．could have enjoyed B ．may enjoy C ．must have enjoyed D ．can enjoy
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，
一位著
名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关
心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法， 表示
“
原本
……”
含义的情态动词结构为：
could have
+
过去分词，
A
项
“could ha
ve
enjoyed(
本能够享受
)”
与句子表达的含义一致，故选
A
项。
)
33 ．Old age burn and rage at the close of day; rage, rage against the dying of the light.
A ．couldn’t B ．should C ．wouldn’t D ．shall
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：老年应当在日暮时燃烧咆哮；怒斥，怒斥光明的消逝。
A. could
n’t
不能；
)
(
B. should
应该；
C. woul
dn’t
不会；
D.
shall
将要。根据
“rage, rage
against the
dying
of
the
light.”
可知，老年应
该在日暮之时燃烧和咆哮。故选
B
。
)
34 ．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she her legs when she fell over.
A ．should have broken B ．must have broken C ．could have broken D ．would have
broken
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：黛拉滑雪回来时， 她的父母抱怨她摔倒时可能会摔断腿。根据上文
“her parents
complained(
她的父母抱怨
)”
可知，黛拉滑雪摔倒时可能会
摔断腿只是一个对过去可能会发生的事情的推测，
而且仅仅为理论上的可能性，应使用情态动词
ca
n
或
could
，再根据情态动词的用法，表示对过去事实的推
测要使用
“
情态动词
+ have +
过
去分词
”
结构，故选
C
项。
)
35 ．It is entirely appropriate that his music at this festival
A ．plays B ．is played C ．be played D ．will play
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个节日上演奏他的音乐是完全合适的。此处为虚拟语气，在
I
t is +
形容
词（
appropriate/necessary/vital/importa
nt/urgent,etc.
）
+that
从句结构中，从句谓语动词需用
should+
动词原形，
should
可以省略，所以此处应用
be played
。故选
C
项。
)
36 ． to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A ．If were I B ．I were C ．Were I D ．Was I
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果有
were/should/had
这三个词， 可将从属连词
if
省略， 将
were/should/had
置于主语前，
改写为
“were/should/had +
主语
”
形式。结
合句意和主句可知，
“
to do the work”
是虚拟条件句，
其完整句子为
“If
I were to to
do
the work”
，可改写为
“Were I to do the work”
。故选
C
项。
)
37 ．The printer is of good quality it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A ．Would B ．Should
C ．Could D ．Might
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果购买后
第一年之内出现故障，我们将免费为您
维
修。根据句意可知， 该空格处表示与将来事
实相反的虚拟语气形式， 为
“should+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他成分
”
)
(
的倒装形式，且表示该假设的情况发生几率不大。
故选
B
。
)
38 ．If he had not gone out in the storm, he alive now.
A ．will be B ．would be C ．would have been D ．is
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去
，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间
虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句
与现在事实相反用
would+do/be
。故选
B
。
)
39 ．I advised that he to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quite well then.
A ．was sent; felt B ．be sent; was feeling
C ．be sent; feel D ．should be sent; should feel
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉 很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是
advised
后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，
advise
是
“
建议
”
的意思，
从句谓语要用
should do
的虚拟语气结构，
should
可以省略，
从句主语
he
和谓语动词
send
是被动关系，要
用被动结构
(should) be done
；第二个空是
insisted
后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，
insisted
是
“
坚持说
”
的意思，
从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语
then
，谓语要用过去进行时
，主语是
he
，
be
动词用
was
。故选
B
。
)
40 ． the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是因为这些
云的话，你很容易就能在空中找到
那架飞机。这里的
“
要不是因为这些云的话
”
是一种与现在事实相反的假设，
故用一般过去时，
A
、
C
项都是
过去完成时，应排除；即为
if
it were not
for
，这里是省略了
if
将
be
动词提前，从句倒装。故选
D
项。
)
41 ．—Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I .
A ．will B ．have C ．did D ．had
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：
——
你去过长城吗？
——
没
有，但我希望我有。
I wish...
从句表示与过去事
实相反，应用过去完成时。
had
后面承前省略了
been to the G
reat Wall
。故选
D
项。
)
42 ．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she a few books on world history before
hand.
A ．hadn’t read B ．hasn’t read C ．wouldn’t have read D ．didn’t read
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不
能这么轻易地回答
这个问题了。由句意和上文的
couldn't have answered
可
知，此处是
if
引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事
实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选
A
。
)
43 ．The new traffic law requires that everyone his or her car checked at least once a year.
A ．has B ．had C ．will have D ．have
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：新的交通法
规要求每个人每年至少检查一次他或她的车。
require
后面的宾
语从句中应用
“should+
动词原形
”
的虚拟语气，
should
可省略，因此空格处是动词原形
have
，故选
D
。
)
44 ．Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he me how.
A ．teaches B ．will teach C ．has taught D ．would teach
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：托马斯可以把他的马达拆开再组装起来。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在
wish
后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示对将来的愿望应用
w
ould/could/might do
。故选
D
。
)
45 ．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he everything.
A ．knew B ．knows C ．has known D ．had known
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。
分析句子，句中
as though
意为
“
似乎，好像
”
，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用一
般过去时。故选
A
。
)
46 ．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life to finance the Project with their deeper love
for these children.
A ．be encouraged B ．are encouraged C ．were encouraged D ．should encourage
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：我的建议是，更多各行各业的人们被鼓
励用他们对这些孩子更深的爱来资
助这个项目。
suggestion
后的表语
that
从句用虚拟语气，
谓
语动词用
should+
动词原形，
should
可省。且主语
people
与
encourage
是被动关系，故选
A
。
)
47 ．If he to the teacher attentively yesterday, he the answer to the problem now.
A ．had listened; would have known B ．listened; would know
C ．listened; would have known D ．had listened; would know
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天认真听老师讲课，他现在就知道问题的答案了。根据句意和
if
从句的时间状语
yesterday
和主句的时间状语
now
可知， 这个句子
是一个含错综时间条件句的虚拟语气，
从
句与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词应该用
had done
形式，主句与现在事实相反
，主句的谓语动词应该用
would do
形式。故选
D
项。
)
48 ．It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.
A ．are sent B ．be sent C ．will be sent D ．should send
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：重要的是，这些申请表格应尽早返回。
It is essentia
l that....
从句谓语用虚拟
语气，即
should+
动词原形，
should
可省。结合语境应用被动形式。故选
B
项。
)
49 ．Sorry, I am too busy at the moment. If I free, I would certainly go for a walk with you.
A ．have been B ．had been C ．am D ．were
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有空的话，我肯定会和你一起出去散 步。根据句意以及句中的
at the moment
可知，此处表示对现
在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用
过去式，
be
动词用
were
。故选
D
。
)
50 ．If only I an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A ．took B ．should take C ．had taken D ．take
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我昨晚带把伞就好了
!
我全身都湿透了。
If
only
表示
“
要是
……
就好了
”
，
这里表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，因此空格处是
had taken
，故选
C
。
)
51 ． the traffic jam on the highway, we should have arrived at the stadium earlier.
A ．In spite of B ．Because of C ．But for D ．Due to
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是高速
公路上的交通堵塞，
我们本应该早点到达体
育场的。
A. In spite o
f
尽管；
B. Because of
因为；
C. But for
要不是；
D. Due to
因为，由于。根据句中
“we
should have
arrived
at the
)
(
stadium earlier”
可知， 此处使用了和过去事实相反情况的虚拟语气，
四个选项只有
but for
表示
“
如果没有
”
是
含蓄虚拟语气的标志词。故选
C
。
)
52 ．It was demanded that the working conditions in that area as soon as possible.
A ．must improve B ．improve C ．was improved D ．be improved
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人要求尽快改善那个地区的工作条件。
It was demanded t
hat...
里
It
是形式主语，
that
从句是主语从句，从句中应用
“should+
动词原形
”
的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，
因此空格处是被动语态
should be imp
roved
，
should
可省略，故选
D
。
)
53 ．I James some advice, but I didn’t think he would accept it under those conditions.
A ．could have given B ．mustn’t give
C ．couldn’t give D ．must have given
(
【答案】
A
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我本可以给詹姆斯一些建议，但我认为在这种情况下他不会接受。
根据句意可知，此处指
“
本可以做某事；本能够做某事
”
，应用
could have done sth.
。故选
A
。
)
54 ．Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.
A ．won’t; can’t B ．shouldn’t; must C ．mustn’t; may D ．can’t, wouldn’t
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：
Johnny
，你
不要玩刀，你也许会伤到自己。
A. won’t
不将
; can’t
不能；
B.
shouldn’t
不应该
; must
一定，表示推测
的可能性大；
C. mustn’t
禁止，不应该
; may
也许；
D. can’t
不可能
;
shouldn’t
不应该。根据
“play with the knife”
可知，第一空表示的是禁止做某事，
禁止玩刀；玩刀也许会伤到
自己，不能说一定会伤到自己。故选
C
。
)
55．My pain obvious the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically, “Are
you feeling all right ”
A ．must be B ．may be C ．might have been D ．must have been
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：在我走进房间的那一刻，我的痛苦一定很明显，因为我遇到的第一个
男人同情地问我
:“
你感觉还好吗
”
根据句意可知，此处表示对过去动作的肯定推测，应用
must have done
。
故选
D
。
)
56 ．— Excuse me, where is George
— George too far. His coffee is still warm.
A ．must have gone B ．might have gone
C ．can’t have gone D ．needn’t have gone
(
【答案】
C
【详解】考查情态动词
+have done
。句意：
——
劳驾，请问
George
在哪儿？
——G
eorge
肯定没有走远。他
的咖啡还是热的。
A. must have gone
肯定离开；
B. might have gone
可能离开；
C.
can’t
have
gone
不可能离开；
D. needn’t have gone
本没有必要离开。结合
His coffee
is
still
warm
可知，此处表示对过去情
况的否定推测，
应用
can’t have done
。故选
C
。
)
57 ．You so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
A ．shouldn’t speak B ．couldn’t have spoken
C ．don’t have to D ．needn’t have spoken
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。
A.
shouldn’t speak
不应该说；
B. couldn’t have spoken
不能说；
C.
don’t have to
不必；
D.
needn’t
have
spoken
没有
必要说。结合语意，我只需要很短的时间就能
习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢。故选
D
项。
)
58 ．George too far. His tea is still warm.
A．should have gone B．can’t have gone C．might have gone D．needn’t have
gone
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查情态动词
+have done
。句意：乔治不可能走得太远。他的茶还温着。
A. should h
ave gone
早就
该走了；
B.can’t have gone
不可能走了；
C. might have gone
可能已
经走了；
D.
needn’t
have
gone
本来不必去
的。根据后一句
His tea is still warm
，可推测乔治不可能走远，此处应用
can’t have done
结构，表示对过去
事情的否定推测，意为
“
不可能做过某事
”
。故选
B
项。
)
59 ．—It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You . You could have got one online.
A ．mustn’t have B ．shouldn’t have C ．can’t have D ．needn’t have
(
【答案】
D
【详解】考查情态动词
+have done
的用法。句意：
——
排队三个小时才能买到
G
型列车车票，对我来说真
的很累。
——
你不需要这样。你可以在网上买一张。
A. mustn’t have (done)
肯定没有做；
B.
shouldn’t have
(done)
)
本应该做； C. can’t have (done)不能够做； D. needn’t have (done)本不必做。根据下文“You could have got one online.”可知， 此处表示对过去事实的相反假设， 应用“情态动词+have done”结构， 答语是简略回答， have 是 助动词，标志着完成时态，不可省略。结合语意，你能来可以在网上买票，所以你本不必排队三小时去买 车票的，应用 needn’t have (done)。故选 D 项。
60 ．It is time that you got down to doing something, so I urge that everyone of you well prepared for the
coming examination.
A ．would get B ．get C ．gets D ．got
(
【答案】
B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是你们着手做点事情的时候了，所以我劝你们每个人
都为即将到来的考
试做好准备。
urge
后的
that
引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气，
从句中的谓语动词用
(should) +
动词原形，
其中
should
可以省略，故选
B
。
)
二 、 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered where Lego(乐高积木)came from Like many great inventions,the story is not just
one of a great idea, 61 one of a ton of hard work and perseverance（毅力） .
The story started in Denmark. Ole Christiansen was a carpenter 62 was struggling with his small business. His wife died 63 (short) after his fourth son was born. He had to work hard to support his family alone. He started making wood toys,but they didn't sell well. He decided his toys needed a name,and he
chose 64 name"Lego".
Unfortunately, several years later, his workshop 65 (burn) to the ground. Soon,he started to make a few plastic toys. He got the idea to create a “system" of toys that would build up kids' 66 (imagine) and creativity. He decided to stop 67 (make) wood toys and focus only on the connected plastic toys. Then he started to build more and more kinds of 68 (model). Each one had to be of the 69
(high) quality, which can be reflected in Lego's motto —“Only the best is good enough. ”
Thanks to their perseverance, kids can enys, movies, amusement parks and clothing. But none of
this would have existed at that time if they 70 (give up) when times got hard.
(
【答案】
61
．
but 62
．
who/that 63
．
shortly
64
．
the 65
．
was burned(burnt) 66
．
imagination
67
．
making 68
．
models
69
．
highest 70
．
had given up
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了丹麦的一个木匠奥尔
·
克里斯琴森创造乐高玩具的经过。
61
．考查连词。句意
:
像许多伟大的发明一样，
这个故事不仅仅是一个伟大的想法，
而是大量的努力和毅力
的结晶。短语
not…but…“
不是
……
而是
……”
，故填
but
。
62
．考查定语从句连接词。句意：奥尔
·
克里
斯琴森是个木匠，他的小生意做得很艰难。本句为定语从句修
饰先行词
carpenter
，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故填
who/that
。
63
．考查副词。句意：他的妻子在他的第四个儿子出生后不久就去世了。短语
shor
tly after
表示
“
不久之后；
很快
”
应填副词
shortly
。
64
．考查冠词。句意：他觉得他的玩具需要一个名字，于是他选择了
“
乐高
”
这个名字。
nam
e
为可数名词，
此处特指下文
"Lego"
这个名字，故用定冠词
the
。
65
．考查动词时态语态。句意：不幸的是，几年
后，他的工作室被夷为平地。根据上文
several years later
可
知为描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语
workshop
与
谓语动词构成被动关系，故填
was
burned(burnt)
。
66
．考查名词。句意：他的想法是创造一个玩具
“
系统
”
，
可以培养孩子的想象力和创造力。根据下文并列结
构
and creativity
可知应填名词
imagination
。
67
．考查固定搭配。句意：他决定停止制作木制玩具，只专注于连接塑料玩具。短语
sto
p doing sth.“
停止正
在做的事
”
后跟
-ing
形式，故填
making
。
68
．考查名词的数。句意：然后他开始建立越来越多的模型。
model
为可数名词，
且根据上文
more
and more
kinds of
可知应填名词的复数形式
models
。
69
．考查形容词最高级。句意：每一个都必须是最高质量的，这可以体现在乐高的格
言
“
只有最好的才足够
好
”
。根据句意以及上文
the
可知应填形容词最高级
highest
。
70
．考查虚拟语气。句意：但如果他们在困难时期放弃了，这一切在当时都不会存在。在
i
f
引导的虚拟语
气中，
表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为
“ if
+
主语
+
动词的过去完成式， 主语
+would
/
could
/
should
/ might + have +
动词的过去分词
”
。故填
had given up
。
)
Passage 2
What does it take to graduate from a university Many 71 say all you have to do is take classes and
pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University.
Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree 72 they can pass
the test successfully, according to an announcement by Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong.
Exceptions 73 (allow) for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if proved by medical
staff.
Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained 74 the university is
linking swimming ability with degrees.
“As a requisite(必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students’ endurance and is 75 (harmful) to joints(关节) and muscles as a water sport,”
he told China Daily.
Viewing the ability 76 (swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university - it was
also a requirement in the early 20th century.
It was later dropped 77 a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua University, Peking University and Xiamen University have also listed swimming as a compulsory course for
students.
However, the announcement has caused a heated debate.
Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental(基 本 的 ) skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making 78 mandatory( 强制 的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told
China Daily.
However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. “For a lot of people who grew up in inland cities, learning how to swim as an
adult will be difficult.”
In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations 79 encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States - including Cornell, Columbia and MIT - offer swim classes to students. “Anything 80 (prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill,” Fred DeBruyn, director of
aquatics(水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times.
(
【答案】
)
71 ．may/might 72 ．until 73 ．will be allowed 74 ．why 75 ．less harmful 76 ．to swim
77 ．due to/because of/owing to 78 ．it 79 ．that 80 ．preventing
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍游泳成功之道。
71 ．考查情态动词。句意：许多人可能会说，你所要做的就是上课并通过考试。此处指不是很确定，故填
may/might。
72 ．考查 not---until 引导的时间状语从句。句意：据清华大学校长邱勇宣布，如果他们在大学课程开始时的 游泳考试中不及格，那么他们只有通过考试才能获得学位。按照句义，他们将得不到他们的学位除非能成
功通过考试，所以这里是 not...until...“直到------才” 引导的时间状语从句。故填 until。
73 ．考查一般将来时态的被动语态。句意：有一定身体或精神状况的学生，经医务人员证明，可以例外。
首先确定本句没有谓语，应该是谓语动词，然后是例外会被允许，最后确定 if 条件状语从句中的主将从现，
所以用一般将来时态的被动语态。故填 will be allowed。
74 ．考查宾语从句。句意：体育科学与教育部部长刘波解释了为什么学校将游泳能力与学位联系起来。解
释之后应该是解释为什么，所以是 why 引导的宾语从句。故填 why。
75 ．考查形容词比较级。句意：游泳作为一项必不可少的生存技能，从长远来看对学生是有益的，因为作 为一项水上运动，游泳有助于提高学生的耐力，对关节和肌肉的伤害较小。这里在讲游泳的好处，所以应
是 harmful 的降级比较级 less harmful to joints and musles，故填 less harmful。
76 ．考查动词不定式做后置定语。句意：将游泳能力视为学生必须具备的能力，这对这所大学来说并不新
鲜——在 20 世纪初，这也是一种要求。固定搭配： the ability to do sth, 做某事的能力。故填 to swim。
77 ．考查固定短语。句意：后来，由于学生人数的增加和设施的缺乏，这个项目被取消了。这件事情后来
被放下了，由于......原因，所以填 due to/because of/owing to。
78 ．考查代词 it。句意：我认为强制执行是必要的。这里是 it 作 making 的宾语，把这件事变为强制的是很
必要的， it 代指游泳。故填 it。
79 ．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，中国的大学并不是唯一鼓励学生游泳的教育机构。此处 organizations 是 先行词， 指物，后面的定语从句缺主语和引导词， 理论上应该用 that/which 引导定语从句,但是前面有 the only
修饰先行词,所以只能填 that。
80 ．考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：任何防止人们无谓死亡的方法都是一种宝贵的技能。句子中已经有 谓语动词 is，所以这里应是非谓语动词，“任何阻止人们死亡的事情”是主动，所以用现在分词作后置定语。
故填 doing。
