情态动词（虚拟语气）限时练
一、单项填空
1．（2024·天津市南开区期中）—______ you make so much noise
—Sorry. I’ll take care not to.
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Would
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：--你一定要制造这么大的噪音吗？--对不起。我会注意不要这样做。A. Must一定；非得；B. Can能够；C. May或许；D. Would将会。根据空后“ you make so much noise ”可知，此处表示说话人不耐烦的语气。must表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦，意为“一定要，非要”。故选A。
2．（2024·湖南省株洲市单招）—_________ you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening
—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.
A．Should B．May C．Must D．Can
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：一一今晚你可以跟我去听郎朗的钢琴演奏会吗？——我很想去，但我不得不为我的数学测试而学习。A. Should应该；B. May可能；C. Must必须，一定；D. Can可能，可以。结合语意可知，空处表示请求、许可，情态动词may和can都可表示请求、许可，但may用在一般疑问句中表示请求、许可时，其主语常用第一人称。故选D。
3．（2024·湖南省株洲市单招）It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter _________ speak English so well.
A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．should
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：真的很令人惊讶，马先生的小女儿英语能够说得如此好。A. must必须；B. can能，会；C. mustn’t禁止；D. should应该。根据句意，此处表示“能够”用can。故选B。
4．（2024·重庆市巴蜀中学校月考）There was no one else in the classroom, so he ______ it by himself.
A．should have done B．need have done
C．must have done D．could have done
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：教室里没有别人，所以他一定是自己做的。A. should have done本应该做；B. need have done本需要做；C. must have done肯定做过；D. could have done本能做。 由“There was no one else in the classroom”可知教室里面没人，所以“肯定”是他自己做完的,表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done。故选C。
5．（2024·天津市耀华中学10月月考）—When can I come for the computer I need it next Tuesday.
—It________ be repaired by next Monday afternoon.
A．can B．need C．should D．might
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——我什么时候可以来取电脑？我下周二需要。——它应该在下周一下午之前修好。根据“When can I come for the computer I need it next Tuesday.”可知，此处是指承诺、保证，所以应用should。故选C。
6．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there
—I knew that he had gone to England. It________ be him.
A．might B．could C．can’t D．must
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——托尼，那是布莱克先生吗？——我知道他已经去了英国。不可能是他。A. might可能，表示不太肯定的推测；B. could可以，表示建议；C. can’t不可能，表示否定的推测；D. must一定，肯定，表示肯定的推测。由I knew that he had gone to England.可知，布莱克先生已经去了英国，所以不可能是他。情态动词的否定推测应用can’t。故选C。
8．（2024·天津市耀华中学开学检测）—Why________ you be talking so loudly while others are studying
—I’m terribly sorry.
A．shall B．must C．will D．may
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——别人学习的时候，你为什么非要大声说话？——真的很抱歉。此处考查must的特殊用法，在句中must的意思是“偏偏，非要”，带有一种责备、抱怨的口气。故选B。
9．—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
must have made B．should have made
C．could make D．would make
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D. would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故选A项。
10．—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he ______ if he has something else to do.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——伊桑在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。——嗯，如果他有别的事要做，就不用了。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不需要；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. can’t不能。根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词needn’t“不需要”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
11．（2024·广东省广州市第二中学月考）The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research.
A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：委员会已经批准了他的请求，要求他推迟空档年，直到他完成研究。A. application申请； B. wisdom智慧；C. arrangement安排；D. request请求。根据句意以及由后文同位语使用虚拟语气可知，这里指同意他推迟空档年的“请求”。故选D项。
12．（2024·广东省广州市第二中学月考）The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance and decided to help the young man ______ smoking.
A．be given; addicted to B．should give; addicted to
C．would be given; addicting to D．should be giving; addicting to
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气、形容词。句意：经理建议给这位应届毕业生一个机会，并决定帮助那个抽烟成瘾的年轻人。分子句子结构，这是一个并列句，第一个句子使用了虚拟语气，根据虚拟语气的用法，动词recommend后面的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should+动词原形的形式，should可以省略，因第一个空白处在句子中作谓语且，give与主语the fresh graduate之间为为被动关系，所以应使用(should) be +过去分词；分析第二个句子，空白处在句子中做后置定语，其逻辑主语是the young man，应使用V-ed形式的形容词，addicted to为固定短语，含义为“对……成瘾的”，符合句意，所以填be given; addicted to，故选A项。
13．（2024·广东省新会华侨中学月考）I strongly recommend that she _______ some kind of exercise in the morning.
A．does B．did C．do D．have done
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：我强烈建议她早上做些运动。that引导的句子为宾语从句，recommend建议，表示“建议”的动词后的宾语从句中谓语部分应该用should do结构，should可以省略。do some exercise做一些运动。故选C。
14．Without the help of my English teacher，I _______ the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win B．would have won
C．would not win D．would not have won
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语演讲比赛中获取第一名。根据句意可知，空格处谓语动词应使用would (not) have done形式，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式，即“如果没有英语老师的帮助（实际他/她给予我很大帮助），我不会获奖”，故选D。
15．The printer is of good quality_______ it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．Would B．Should
C．Could D．Might
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果购买后第一年之内出现故障，我们将免费为您维修。根据句意可知，该空格处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气形式，为“should+主语+动词原形+其他成分”的倒装形式，且表示该假设的情况发生几率不大。故选B。
16. It’s a rule that students ________ bring mobile phones to our school.
A. mustn’t B, wouldn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“学生不得把手机带入学校，这是一项规章制度”。根据句意，手机禁入学校。mustn’t 表示禁止，故选D。
17. —Is the woman Miss Zhao
—It _______ be her. She has gone to Qingdao for a meeting.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. must D. may
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——那位女士是赵小姐吗？——不可能是她。她去青岛开会了。can’t表示否定推测，意为“不可能”；needn’t意为“不需要”；must表示肯定推测，意为“一定，必定”；may表示推测，意为“可能”。根据下文“她去青岛开会了”可知，这个人不可能是她，故选A。
18. You ________ worry about her too much. She will get well soon.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你无需过多担心她。她很快就会康复的。题干中，can’t不能，mustn’t千万不要，needn’t不必，shouldn’t不应该。根据语境意思，选择C符合要求。
19. —______ I have a word with you, Mr. Green It won’t take long.
—Okay.
A. Should B. May C. Need D. Must
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。should 应该；may 可以；need需要； must必须，肯定。It won’t take long. 意为：它不会占用很长时间。推知前句意为：格林先生我可以和您说句话吗？表示请求。故选B。
20. —I’ve got a toothache, mom.
—Oh, you _____ eat too much candy.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. should D. need
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要；should应该；need需要。联系上文“妈妈我牙痛”可知，此处指“哦，你不应该吃太多的糖果”这是在劝诫。故选A。
好吗？”；need意为“需要”，可作行为动词或情态动词。根据句中的the long drive和stop to have a rest，可知“一定”很疲劳了，故选A。
21. We ______ pay to get into the concert, because it’s free.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t need to D. might not
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我们_____付钱进入音乐会，因为它是免费的。由后半句because it’s free可知，音乐会是免费的，所以没必要付款。mustn’t一定不要，表禁止、警告、命令；can’t不能，不可能，表禁止或猜测；don’t need to不必，没必要；might not可能不，表猜测。故选C项。
22.—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning.
—I agree. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。can’t不可能，表示现在的能力或否定推测；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t表示过去的能力；needn’t不必。问句提到“一些人在一开始的时候并没有展示出他们的才华”，答语中同意这个看法，此处表示“连爱因斯坦到7岁才会读书”，句中要用一般过去时，could是can的过去式，故选C。
23. — Mum, it’s too hot. _______ I swim in the lake
— No, you _______. That’s too dangerous!
A. Should; can’t B. Need; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Could; mustn’t
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词的辨析。句意：——妈妈，天太热了。我可以在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不准。那样太危险了！第一空中的Could I… 用于征求对方的许可，意为“我可以……吗？”；第二空中的mustn’t表示禁止，意为“不准”。故选D。
24. —Is that Tom over there
—It ______ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now.
A. can’t B. might not C. must
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：——那儿是汤姆吗？——不可能是他。他现在在飞往成都的飞机上。can’t不可能，表非常肯定的否定推测；might not也许不，表不太确定的推测；must一定是，表非常肯定的推测。由答语可知，应填表肯定的否定推测情态动词，故选A。
25. —Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
—I can’t believe it. They are beautiful and colorful. They ________ great.
A. sound B. smell C. taste
【答案】B
【解析】考查连系动词辨析。句意：——看，琳达。我们教室里的花到一晚上开放了。——我不敢相信。他们是美丽和丰富多彩的。他们闻起来很香。sound听起来；smell闻起来；taste尝起来。根据上句中的The flowers，应用smell，故选B。
26. You ______ walk on the wet hill path because you ______ fall and hurt yourself.
A must; might not B. mustn’t; might
C. needn’t; need D. must; must
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。must必须，一定；might not可能不；mustn’t禁止，千万不；might可能；needn’t不必；need需要。分析语境可知，前半句表示“你千万不能在潮湿的山道上行走”，因此用mustn’t。第二空表示肯定的推测语气，因此用might。故选B。
27. —______ I take the magazine out of the reading room
—I’m sorry you _______.
A. Could; couldn’t B. Must; couldn’t C. Will; can’t D. May; can’t
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词的辨析。句意：——我可以把这个杂志拿出阅览室吗？——对不起，你不能拿走。could能够（表示委婉语气)；couldn’t 不能；must必须；can’t不能；may可能、可以，根据句意，可知前句是商量语气，因此，选May，答语用can’t, 故选D。
28. — _______ I keep the book for a week
— Sorry, I’m afraid you ________.
A. Need; couldn’t B. Need; can’t
C. May; couldn’t D. May; can’t
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。用情态动词may引导一般疑问句，表示征求许可，符合句意“这本书我可以借一周吗？”答语用情态动词can应答表示征求许可的一般疑问句，表示“许可”。答语sorry提示用其否定形式。句意为“对不起，恐怕你不可以”。故选D。
29. —Kangkang, I saw your English teacher in the office just now.
—It _______ be him. He ________ to Shanghai on business.
A. must; has gone B. must; has been C. can’t; has been D. can’t; has gone
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词和现在完成时。must一定；can’t不会，不可能；have been to曾经去过某地；have gone to去某地了(可能已经到了，也可能在去某地的路上)句意：—康康，我刚才在办公室看到你的英语老师了。—不可能是他。他出差去上海了。故选D。
30. —A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.
—Wow, the unexpected guest _________ welcomed.
A. will be B. must be C. won’t be D. mustn’t be
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——一只小鸟昨晚从窗户里飞进来加入到我们当中共进晚餐了。——哇，那个不速之客______受欢迎的。选项A意为“将会”，选项C意为“将不会”，时态均不符；选项B“一定是”，选项D“禁止”，根据前句句意及语境推知这只小鸟一定很受欢迎，must be符合语境，故选B。
31.—Is that boy Scott
—No, it ________ be Scott. Scott is much taller.
A. can B. can’t C. mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——那个男孩是斯科特吗？——不，不可能是斯科特。斯科特高得多。can可以，能，表示允许或能力；can’t表示否定推测意为“不可能”；mustn’t表示严重的警告或强烈禁止，意为“一定不要；千万别”。根据答语中“Scott is much taller.”可知，此处表示否定推测，故选B。
32.—Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese scientist, is now doing research on sea rice.
—If farmers start planting rice in salty water, China’s food supply will surely rise.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——中国著名的科学家袁隆平现正在进行在海上种植水稻的研究。——如果农民们能在咸水里进行水稻种植，中国的食物保障将会显著提升。can能够，可以；can’t不可能；must必须；mustn’t千万别。本题中，题干语境意为“可以，能够”，故选A。
33.—Can we walk across the road now
—No, we _______. We have to wait until the light turns green.
A. couldn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
【答案】 D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——现在我们可以过马路吗？——不，不允许。我们必须等到交通灯变绿。couldn't不可以；needn’t没必要； shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止，不允许。结合语境“Can we…？”和下文“我们必须等到交通灯变绿。”可知答案。故选D。
34. — If I want to be an astronaut, how will I get to be one
— You ____ do well in school and tame your fears,
mayB. can C. must D. could
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：如果我想成为一名宇航员，我怎样才能成为呢？—你必须在学校里好好表现并且消除你的恐惧心理。may可能；can能、会；must必须；could能、会，为can的过去式或表示“委婉”的语气。答语用情态动词must“必须”说明成为宇航员的必备条件。故选C。
35.—Look!The woman at the school gate ______ be our headmaster.
—No,it ______ be her.She is holding a meeting in the office now.
A.must;can’t B.must;mustn’t C.can;needn’t D.may;mustn’t
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——看！学校门口的那个女士肯定是我们的校长。——不，不可能是她。她正在办公室里开会呢。本句使用情态动词表示猜测和判断。第一个人表示肯定的推测，而答语否定了前者的推测，从答语知，那个人“不可能”是她。故选A。
36.—Look at the man standing at the school gate. Is he your math teacher Mr. Brown
—No, it be him, He has gone to Chengdu on business.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. may not D. mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：—请看站在校大门口的那个男子。他是你的数学老师布朗先生吗？—不，不可能是他。他已去成都做生意了。needn’t不必；can’t不可能，表推测(推测时很有把握)；may not也许不，表推测(推测时不太有把握)；mustn’t一定不可以怎么样，表禁止，不许可。从答语第二句知，应答者对站在学校门口的那个男子是非常肯定，因此这里表“不可能”。故选B。
二、单句语法填空
1.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】be employed
【解析】考查情态动词和动词语态。句意:Carson证明了一种被传承了多年的简单的文学形式依然能在今天被利用以引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处从句的主语是a simple literary form,这里指这种文学形式被利用。又因为空处在情态动词can后面。故填be employed。
2.（2024·江苏省常州市联盟校调研） Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.”
【答案】be used
【解析】考查情态动词及语态。句意：Altman说，这项技术可以用于虚假信息、情绪操纵，甚至是“无人机打击目标”。这里为本句谓语动词，出现在情态动词之后，用动词原形；主语为“the technology”，和动词“use”之间为被动关系。故填be used。
3.（2024·河北省月考）The fact can (confirm) by a quick search on the Internet. This bowl of hot spicy delight seems simple but has contributed to noodle chains across Beijing.
【答案】be confirmed
【解析】考查情态动词及语态。句意：这一事实可以通过在互联网上快速搜索得到证实。分析句子，句中the fact和confirm之间是被动关系，同时该空置于情态动词can之后，故使用情态动词的被动语态。故填be confirmed。
4. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Teachers and chaperones ________ model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.
【答案】should
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：指教师和监护人应该要树立良好的行为榜样，并始终与学生在一起。表示“应该”，指义务。故填should。
5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students ________ be ready to complete short in class writings.
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：课堂活动每天都不同，但学生必须准备好在课堂上完成短篇作文。表示“必须”用must。故填must。
6.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
【答案】can
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在人类中，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆洞里。表示“可以，能够”用can。故填can。
7.(2023 黑龙江省双鸭山一中月考) I can't believe such a gentleman ________ be so rude to the old.
【答案】should
【解析】查情态动词。句意：我不能相信如此的一位绅士竟然对那位老人如此的粗鲁。此处should意为：竟然，表示惊讶。故填should。
8．Mrs Morrison ________ (make) a good salary in an office job instead of staying at home, but she decided not to work for the sake of her children.
【答案】could have made
【解析】考查情态动词及谓语动词。句意：莫里森太太本可以在办公室工作并获得不错的薪水而不是呆在家里工作，但她决定为了孩子们而不工作。此处could have done表示：本可以做某事，而实际上没做。故填could have made。
9.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am.
【答案】wouldn’t be
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should + do。故填wouldn’t be。
10. （2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________(accomplish) the task in half the time.
【答案】would have accomplished
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故填would have accomplished。
11.（2018江苏卷）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become more involved.
【答案】had
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故填had。
12.（2018北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers.
【答案】had driven
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故填had driven。
13．(2023·新疆石河子一中月考)I advised that he ________ (send)to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he was feeling quite well then.
【答案】(should) be sent
【解析】advised考查虚拟语气。句意：后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用should do，should可以省略；主语he和send之间为被动关系。故填(should) be sent。
14.（2023 江苏省南通）Affected by the poem, we felt the responsibility that we ________ assume to strive for our motherland.
【答案】should
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：受到这首诗的影响，我们感到了我们应该为祖国而奋斗的责任。此处表示义务，意为“应该”。故填should。
15.（2023 海南省琼海市嘉积中学月考）Children 8 years of age and under ________ be accompanied by an adult.
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：8岁及8岁以下的孩子必须由成年人陪伴。根据句意此处表示一种责任，故填must。
16. Not only ________ he play the piano,but also he plays the violin very well.
【答案】can
【解析】考查倒装句式。句意：他不仅会弹钢琴，而且小提琴拉得也很好。分析句意可知，用情态动词can表示“会“弹钢琴，符合语境；再分析句式结构可知，此处是not only……but also引起的部分倒装，所以应该将情态动词can放到主语he的前面构成部分倒装。故填can。
17．(2023·河南省九师联盟联考)There are several theories about why dinosaurs suddenly died out, one of which says their disappearance ________ (cause) by the climate change.
【答案】might have been caused
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。关于恐龙突然灭绝的原因有几种理论，其中一种理论说它们的消失可能是由气候变化造成的。此处might have done表示可能性较小的推测。故填might have been caused。
18．I can't find Charlie anywhere; I think the mailman ________ (forget) to close the gate.
【答案】must have forgotten
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我哪儿都找不到查理；我想邮递员一定忘了关上大门。此处must have done表示对过去事实的推测。故填must have forgotten。
19．(2023·海南省海口市高三能力诊断)I ________ (not worry) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
【答案】needn't have worried
【解析】考查情态动词与虚拟语气。句意：在我来到新学校之前，我本不必担心，因为我在这里的同学对我很友好。此处needn't have done表达没有必要做地事做了。故填needn't have worried。
20．(2023·辽宁省辽西联合校高三期中考试)I am sure I would have lost him if I ________ (continue) dancing.
【答案】had continued
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我相信，如果我继续跳舞，我会失去他的。主句would have done形式，从句用had done形式。故填had continued。
21．It is high time that we ________ (join) hands to protect the only home we have.
【答案】joined/should join
【解析】It is (high) time that sb did/should do sth结构，意为“到了某人做某事的时候了”。故填joined/should join。
22.（2018江苏卷）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
【答案】 should
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故填should。
23.（2020浙江1月,64）However, greater attention should (place) on longevity(长寿).
【答案】be placed
【解析】结合句意可知,此处attention与place是动宾关系,故此处应用被动语态。又因空前是情态动词should,故填be placed。
24.（2019江苏,31）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we (have)a good time together.
【答案】would/could/should/might have had
【解析】句意:多遗憾啊!你错过了这次游览,否则,我们会在一起玩得很开心的。根据关键词missed及or可知,这里表示与过去事实相反的假设,谓语应用"would/could/should/might have done"形式。
25.（2018江苏,27）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (have)a second chance to become more involved.
【答案】had
【解析】根据"There is a good social life in the village"可知,时间的着眼点是现在,因此wish后的从句是对现在情况的假设,应用一般过去时。
26.（2017北京,21）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf.
【答案】can
【解析】句意:Samuel是我们班个子最高的男孩,他能轻易够着书架顶层的书。根据句意可知,空处表能力,故用can。
27.（2016天津,15）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I (injure).
【答案】would/could/should/might have been injured
【解析】根据"I was wearing a seatbelt"和"If I hadn’t been wearing one"可判断出,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句用了过去完成时,主句谓语应用"would/could/should/might have done"形式,又主语I与injure之间是动宾关系,故填would/could/should/might have been injured。
28.It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,_______ bring me food.
【答案】 should 句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。
29.I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
【答案】needn’t
【解析】句意:在进入这所新学校之前,我本没有必要担心,因为这里的同学对我很友好。根据语境可知,此处表示"过去对某事担心过,但现在看来这种担心没有必要",用 needn’t have done形式,故填needn’t。
30.It is required by law that a driving test (take)before a man gets a license.
【答案】(should) be taken
【解析】句意:法律规定,一个人在获得驾照之前要先参加驾照考试。 It is required that...句型中,that从句的谓语动词用"should+动词原形",should可以省略;又因为a driving test与take之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。
31.How I wish I (begin) to learn French when I was ten.
【答案】had begun
【解析】由when I was ten可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用"had+过去分词"形式。
32.Traffic safety is related to thousands of households. We stress the importance of it enough.
【答案】can’t
【解析】句意:交通安全关系到千家万户,我们再怎么强调它的重要性都不为过。can’t...enough表示"再……都不为过"。
33.If the new safety system had been _______ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
【答案】 had been put 句意:如果新的安全系统被投入使用,这起事故就不会发生了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的主句谓语部分would never have happened可知语境是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,因此if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done。再结合语境,可知用被动语态。
34.—Do you have Betty's phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I wouldn't ______ (be) able to reach her yester-day.
【答案】 have been 句意:——你有Betty的电话号码吗 ——有,否则,昨天我就不能联系到她了。设空处是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,应该用would have done结构,此处要用否定形式。
35.I was wearing a seat belt then; if I hadn't been wearing one, I would have been ______ (injure).
【答案】 have been injured 句意:我那时系着安全带呢。如果我没系安全带的话,我可能就受伤了。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,其谓语形式为would have done。主语I与injure为被动关系,故需用被动语态,故答案 have been injured。
36.Harry is feeling uncomfortable and he _____have drunk too much at the party last night.
【答案】 must 句意:Harry感觉不舒服,他肯定在昨晚的聚会上喝多了。根据语境可知,此处是对过去发生事情的肯定推测,故空格处填must。
37.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school.
【答案】shall
【解析】句意:我们的其中一项规定就是每个学生在校期间必须穿校服。shall用于第三人称的陈述句中用来介绍条约、法令等文件中的规定。
38.（2021四川成都摸底测试, 64）The term risk means that the result can’t (know).
【答案】be known
【解析】空前是情态动词,空处应用动词原形;此处表示"结果尚不可知",应用被动语态,故填be known。
39.（2021广东深圳外国语学校考试,15）The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days.(have)
【答案】had; have
【解析】句意:医生坚持说我发高烧了,并坚持要求我休息几天。insist表示"坚持说"时,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气,且根据insisted可知,应用一般过去时,故第一空填had;insist表示"坚持要求",其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语形式为"(should+)动词原形",故第二空填have。
40.（2021天津八校期中联考,24）We didn’t sleep well last night because of the test. But it turned out to be easy so we have been worried about it.
【答案】needn’t
【解析】根据"it turned out to be easy"可知,测试很容易,我们本没有必要担心。needn’t have done表示"本不必做某事(而实际上做了)",故填needn’t。
41.（2020江苏扬州高三期中调研,27）I (abandon)my dream of becoming a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.
【答案】might have abandoned
【解析】句意:要不是来自那位音乐老师的鼓励,我可能就放弃成为钢琴家的梦想了。此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,所以应用"might have+过去分词"。
42.（2020黑龙江大庆铁人中学期中,1）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam (be) at the age of six months.
【答案】(should) be
【解析】句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend表示"建议"时,其后的宾语从句的谓语要用"(should+)动词原形",故填(should) be。
43.（2020江苏无锡期中,32）—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!—Definitely. If only I (be)on the scene!
【答案】had been
【解析】句意:——国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻!——当然,要是我在现场就好了!根据句意可知,此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,故填had been。
44.（2019江苏天一中学调研,23）—Did you go to the party last night
—Yes, but I’d rather I (go) there. It was so boring.
【答案】hadn’t gone
【解析】句意:——昨晚你去参加聚会了吗 ——是的,但我宁愿我没有去那里,太无聊了。would rather后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气;根据句意可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,因此从句的谓语应用"had done"形式。
45.（2018天津,10）I can’t find my purse. I (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
【答案】could/might have left
【解析】根据句意及时间状语yesterday可判断,此处表示对过去情况的推测;根据下文"我不肯定"可知,应用"情态动词could/might+have done"结构。
46.（2018天津,15）If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
【答案】had caught
【解析】根据句意可知,此处是一个虚拟条件句,条件从句中有时间状语yesterday,因此从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故应用过去完成时。
47.（2017天津,15）—Do you have Betty’s phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I (be) able to reach her yesterday.
【答案】wouldn’t have been
【解析】句意:——你有Betty的电话号码吗 ——是的,不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根据句中的时间状语yesterday和副词Otherwise判断,这里表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时谓语用"could/might/would/should+have done"形式。
48.（2017天津,2）My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
【答案】needn’t
【解析】句意:我的房间乱糟糟的,不过我今天晚上出门之前没必要打扫,我可以明天上午打扫。根据"I can do it in the morning"及句意可知,空处表示"没有必要"。
49.（2016天津,5）It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.
【答案】couldn’t
【解析】句意:这真让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。根据句意及前文中的"was"可知应填couldn’t, 表 示"不能够"。
50．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together.
【答案】would have had
【解析】would have had考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故填would have had。
51.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
【答案】have left
【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故填have left。
52.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
【答案】 had caught
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。
53．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while!
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他肯定等了很久，表示十分肯定的猜测。故填must。
54．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
【答案】could
【解析】查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开车走了几英里，都看不到人，但现在到处都是房子和人。此处表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能”，应用could。故填could。
55．(2023·山西省运城)“We have a biological need to sleep—it's a behavior we ________ do every day，” says Christopher.
【答案】must
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“我们有睡眠的生理需求——这是我们每天都必须做的行为，”克里斯托弗说。此处表示必须。故填must。
56．(2023·河南省南阳)Had you listened to the doctor, you ________ (be) all right now.
【答案】would be
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。本句是if的错综虚拟条件句。从句部分为与过去事实相反的假设，省略if后，助动词had置于句首。根据主句的时间状语now可知，主句部分应与现在事实相反。故填would be。
57．(2022·河南省示范性高中联考)Without us, your CD players, televisions, radios and computers ________ (not work)．
【答案】wouldn't work
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据Without可知，此处为without引起的含蓄条件句，表示与现在事实相反。故填wouldn't work。
58．(2023·重庆市巴蜀中学高三阶段检测)In fact, even if you ________ (be) to exercise for the sake of your mind alone, it would be well worth doing.
【答案】were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：事实上，即使你只是为了你的头脑而锻炼，那也是值得的。表示对将来情况的虚拟，主句谓语使用了would＋动词原形，条件状语从句用were＋to do表示。故填were。
59．(2023·山西省九师联盟联考)Just as if he ________ (take) his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
【答案】were taking
【解析】考查虚拟语气。as if后面的从句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词用过去式(be往往用were)。此处表示正在进行的动作，应用进行时。故填were taking。
19情态动词（虚拟语气）限时练
一、单项填空
1．（2024·天津市南开区期中）—______ you make so much noise
—Sorry. I’ll take care not to.
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Would
2．（2024·湖南省株洲市单招）—_________ you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening
—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.
A．Should B．May C．Must D．Can
3．（2024·湖南省株洲市单招）It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter _________ speak English so well.
A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．should
4．（2024·重庆市巴蜀中学校月考）There was no one else in the classroom, so he ______ it by himself.
A．should have done B．need have done
C．must have done D．could have done
5．（2024·天津市耀华中学10月月考）—When can I come for the computer I need it next Tuesday.
—It________ be repaired by next Monday afternoon.
A．can B．need C．should D．might
6．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there
—I knew that he had gone to England. It________ be him.
A．might B．could C．can’t D．must
8．（2024·天津市耀华中学开学检测）—Why________ you be talking so loudly while others are studying
—I’m terribly sorry.
A．shall B．must C．will D．may
9．—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
must have made B．should have made
C．could make D．would make
10．—Ethan is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he ______ if he has something else to do.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t
11．（2024·广东省广州市第二中学月考）The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research.
A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request
12．（2024·广东省广州市第二中学月考）The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance and decided to help the young man ______ smoking.
A．be given; addicted to B．should give; addicted to
C．would be given; addicting to D．should be giving; addicting to
13．（2024·广东省新会华侨中学月考）I strongly recommend that she _______ some kind of exercise in the morning.
A．does B．did C．do D．have done
14．Without the help of my English teacher，I _______ the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win B．would have won
C．would not win D．would not have won
15．The printer is of good quality_______ it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．Would B．Should
C．Could D．Might
16. It’s a rule that students ________ bring mobile phones to our school.
A. mustn’t B, wouldn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
17. —Is the woman Miss Zhao
—It _______ be her. She has gone to Qingdao for a meeting.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. must D. may
18. You ________ worry about her too much. She will get well soon.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
19. —______ I have a word with you, Mr. Green It won’t take long.
—Okay.
A. Should B. May C. Need D. Must
20. —I’ve got a toothache, mom.
—Oh, you _____ eat too much candy.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. should D. need
21. We ______ pay to get into the concert, because it’s free.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t need to D. might not
22.—Some people don’t show their talents at the very beginning.
—I agree. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t
23. — Mum, it’s too hot. _______ I swim in the lake
— No, you _______. That’s too dangerous!
A. Should; can’t B. Need; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Could; mustn’t
24. —Is that Tom over there
—It ______ be him. He is on the plane to Chengdu now.
A. can’t B. might not C. must
25. —Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
—I can’t believe it. They are beautiful and colorful. They ________ great.
A. sound B. smell C. taste
26. You ______ walk on the wet hill path because you ______ fall and hurt yourself.
A must; might not B. mustn’t; might
C. needn’t; need D. must; must
27. —______ I take the magazine out of the reading room
—I’m sorry you _______.
A. Could; couldn’t B. Must; couldn’t C. Will; can’t D. May; can’t
28. — _______ I keep the book for a week
— Sorry, I’m afraid you ________.
A. Need; couldn’t B. Need; can’t
C. May; couldn’t D. May; can’t
29. —Kangkang, I saw your English teacher in the office just now.
—It _______ be him. He ________ to Shanghai on business.
A. must; has gone B. must; has been C. can’t; has been D. can’t; has gone
30. —A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.
—Wow, the unexpected guest _________ welcomed.
A. will be B. must be C. won’t be D. mustn’t be
31.—Is that boy Scott
—No, it ________ be Scott. Scott is much taller.
A. can B. can’t C. mustn’t
32.—Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese scientist, is now doing research on sea rice.
—If farmers start planting rice in salty water, China’s food supply will surely rise.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
33.—Can we walk across the road now
—No, we _______. We have to wait until the light turns green.
A. couldn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
34. — If I want to be an astronaut, how will I get to be one
— You ____ do well in school and tame your fears,
mayB. can C. must D. could
35.—Look!The woman at the school gate ______ be our headmaster.
—No,it ______ be her.She is holding a meeting in the office now.
A.must;can’t B.must;mustn’t C.can;needn’t D.may;mustn’t
36.—Look at the man standing at the school gate. Is he your math teacher Mr. Brown
—No, it be him, He has gone to Chengdu on business.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. may not D. mustn’t
二、单句语法填空
1.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
2.（2024·江苏省常州市联盟校调研） Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.”
3.（2024·河北省月考）The fact can (confirm) by a quick search on the Internet. This bowl of hot spicy delight seems simple but has contributed to noodle chains across Beijing.
4. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Teachers and chaperones ________ model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.
5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students ________ be ready to complete short in class writings.
6.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
7.(2023 黑龙江省双鸭山一中月考) I can't believe such a gentleman ________ be so rude to the old.
8．Mrs Morrison ________ (make) a good salary in an office job instead of staying at home, but she decided not to work for the sake of her children.
9.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am.
10. （2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________(accomplish) the task in half the time.
11.（2018江苏卷）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become more involved.
12.（2018北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers.
13．(2023·新疆石河子一中月考)I advised that he ________ (send)to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he was feeling quite well then.
14.（2023 江苏省南通）Affected by the poem, we felt the responsibility that we ________ assume to strive for our motherland.
15.（2023 海南省琼海市嘉积中学月考）Children 8 years of age and under ________ be accompanied by an adult.
16. Not only ________ he play the piano,but also he plays the violin very well.
17．(2023·河南省九师联盟联考)There are several theories about why dinosaurs suddenly died out, one of which says their disappearance ________ (cause) by the climate change.
18．I can't find Charlie anywhere; I think the mailman ________ (forget) to close the gate.
19．(2023·海南省海口市高三能力诊断)I ________ (not worry) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
20．(2023·辽宁省辽西联合校高三期中考试)I am sure I would have lost him if I ________ (continue) dancing.
21．It is high time that we ________ (join) hands to protect the only home we have.
22.（2018江苏卷）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
23.（2020浙江1月,64）However, greater attention should (place) on longevity(长寿).
24.（2019江苏,31）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we (have)a good time together.
25.（2018江苏,27）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (have)a second chance to become more involved.
26.（2017北京,21）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf.
27.（2016天津,15）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I (injure).
28.It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,_______ bring me food.
29.I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
30.It is required by law that a driving test (take)before a man gets a license.
31.How I wish I (begin) to learn French when I was ten.
32.Traffic safety is related to thousands of households. We stress the importance of it enough.
33.If the new safety system had been _______ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
34.—Do you have Betty's phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I wouldn't ______ (be) able to reach her yester-day.
35.I was wearing a seat belt then; if I hadn't been wearing one, I would have been ______ (injure).
36.Harry is feeling uncomfortable and he _____have drunk too much at the party last night.
37.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school.
38.（2021四川成都摸底测试, 64）The term risk means that the result can’t (know).
39.（2021广东深圳外国语学校考试,15）The doctor insisted that I a high fever and that I a rest for a few days.(have)
40.（2021天津八校期中联考,24）We didn’t sleep well last night because of the test. But it turned out to be easy so we have been worried about it.
41.（2020江苏扬州高三期中调研,27）I (abandon)my dream of becoming a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.
42.（2020黑龙江大庆铁人中学期中,1）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam (be) at the age of six months.
43.（2020江苏无锡期中,32）—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!—Definitely. If only I (be)on the scene!
44.（2019江苏天一中学调研,23）—Did you go to the party last night
—Yes, but I’d rather I (go) there. It was so boring.
45.（2018天津,10）I can’t find my purse. I (leave)it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
46.（2018天津,15）If we (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
47.（2017天津,15）—Do you have Betty’s phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I (be) able to reach her yesterday.
48.（2017天津,2）My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
49.（2016天津,5）It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.
50．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together.
51.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
52.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
53．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while!
54．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
55．(2023·山西省运城)“We have a biological need to sleep—it's a behavior we ________ do every day，” says Christopher.
56．(2023·河南省南阳)Had you listened to the doctor, you ________ (be) all right now.
57．(2022·河南省示范性高中联考)Without us, your CD players, televisions, radios and computers ________ (not work)．
58．(2023·重庆市巴蜀中学高三阶段检测)In fact, even if you ________ (be) to exercise for the sake of your mind alone, it would be well worth doing.
59．(2023·山西省九师联盟联考)Just as if he ________ (take) his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
19
