外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 5 A Delicate World Understanding Ideas 课件（39张）

(共39张PPT)
A delicate world
Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension
Unit 5
1.To learn how the chaos was caused in Macquarie Island .
2.To use “cause and effect” structure to describe a story.
3.To realize the great effect of humans’ actions on ecology and the importance of ecological balance.
Lead-in
Do you know food chain look at the pictures and their connection.
Free talk:
Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystms Why
Yes, because all living things live in ecosystems and humans are living things.
We are all connected.
From the smallest ant to the tallest tree.
Each and every creature is part of the ecosystem(生态系统).
Let’s enjoy a video to learn about Macquarie Island
Let’s read the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie island.
Background Information
While-reading
Fast-reading
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
Part 1 Para._____　　
Part 2 Paras.　 　
Part 3 Paras.　　
the _________ of the island
the_______________ of the island
the ________________ of the island
1
beauty
2-3
chaos
4-6
conservation
2. Look through the passage, divide it into three parts, and get the main idea of each part.
3.When did Macquarie Island’s tragic story begin
A．In 1870.
B．When humans arrived on the island.
C．When humans planted many different plants there.
D．When people raised rabbits there.
√
4. Which of the following animals weren’t brought to the island by humans
A．Parakeets. B．Cats.
C．Mice. D．Rabbits.
5.Which way was mentioned to remove the rabbits
A．Using traps and dogs.
B．Raising more cats.
C．Releasing a virus onto the island.
D．Killing them.
√
√
6.According to the passage, which of the following is right
A．Macquarie Island became a nature reserve in the 1980s.
B．The last Macquarie Island cat disappeared in 1990.
C．The virus solved the rabbit problem.
D．Rabbits developed an immunity to the virus and their numbers exploded once again.
√
1.From what aspects does the author introduce the island in Para.1
Location
1486km
1294km
Shape
Inhabitants
Royal penguins ; king penguins; elephant seals
long and thin
Why
Strong winds and stormy seas
In the ______________________, ________ between Australia and Antarctic.
South-west Pacific ocean
halfway
Landscape
Green grass; bare rock; a wild and natural beauty
Careful-reading
Part. 1
The beauty of the island
long and thin shape
green grass and bare rocks
_________________
_________________
__________________
wild
natural
harmonious
2.In what ways can we find Macquarie Island is beautiful
World Heritage Site
beauty
native inhabitants
natural habitat
thousands of years
a short time
Read part 2(Paras.2－3) and answer the questions.
1. What animals were brought to the island
2. What happened after they reached the island
Tips: Pay attention to the causes and effects when reading.
Part. 2(Paras.2－3)
To live there
To control rats and mice
To provide food for humans
took over the island
eat the birds’ eggs
attack baby birds
develop an appetite for the birds
multiplied quickly
eat the native vegetation
digging holes
cause soil erosion
more rabbits means more cats
more cats hunted the birds and parakeets died out
Humans arrived in1810
Purposes
Results
Humans _________ actions have a ______ effect on ecology.
bad
careless
Try to use your own words to summarize the two paragraphs.
(Use “cause and effect” structure(因果结构) to describe the chaos.)
“cause”:
表“原因” 的表达:
due to, because of, owing to,
because, since, as…
“effect”:
表 “结果”的 表达:
therefore, so, thus, as a result,
lead to…, unfortunately，subsequently, in turn…
Time In the 1970s In the 1980s
Actions The island became an 1.___________________. A 2._____ was released to control the rabbits. 4.________________ were used to catch the cats.
Results Rabbit population were reduced to 10,000.The 3.______ killed more native birds. The last cat was caught in 2000.5.______ started to increase.
The large number of mice and rats
The remaining 10,000 rabbits
Disastrous results in 2006
Caused some land to collapse
Killed a substantial number of penguins
Remove all the invading species once and for all.
Part. 3(Paras.4－5)
Fill in the following blanks with information in Paras.4－5.
official nature reserve
virus
cats
Traps and dogs
Rats
1. What’s the author’s mission on the island
Remove the last remaining invading species.
2.How do you understand the sentence “...we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.” at the end of the passage
It is humans that have caused great damage to the island and it is our duty to help it return to normal.
the last paragraph
Rats & mice
cats
rabbits
human’s careless behaviors
Human’s improper measures
“We humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.”
Deep thinking:
What do you think is to blame for the chaos in Macquarie Island
Human
beauty
Summary
chaos
conservation
harmony
Postscript:
In 2014, Macquarie Island is pest-free and its ecology is on the road to recovery.
In 2016, the permanent scientific research station was closed down.
Better late than never！
Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Para.6
A. The rabbit problem resulted in parakeets’ dying out.
B. The rat, mouse and rabbit problem made people realise that problems should be solved once and for all.
C. The author participated in a programme to tackle this very problem.
D. Native inhabitants on Macquarie Island were once in perfect harmony with their natural habitat.
E. People released a virus to kill rabbits and used traps and dogs to catch the cats.
F. Rats and mice brought to the island caused harm.
the whole passage
2.Match the events with the year when they happened.
1. In 1810　　　A. Parakeets died out.
2. In 1891 B. Humans arrived on the island.
3. In the 1970s C. The last Macquarie Island cat was caught.
4. In the 1980s D. Traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.
5. In 2000 E. Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve.
6. In 2006 F. The rabbits’ digging caused some land to collapse，and
killed a substantial number of penguins.
7. In 2014 G. Macquarie Island was declared pest -free and the island’s
ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
Time cue
1810
meanwhile
1891
1970s
According to the time order, can you retell the passage
1980s
2000
2006
now
“Chaos” means the harmonious ecosystem of the island was badly damaged by the non -native species.
“Conservation” means humans made great efforts to recover it.
The author aims to tell us how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
Deep thinking:
Why does the author use the title “from Chaos to Conservation”
1.Do you think it was right to eradicate the “pests” from Macquarie Island Give your reasons.(Critical thinking)
Share your own answers.
Post-reading
Discussion
To avoid similar situations in the future, we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems.
2.How could similar situations be avoided in the future (Creative thinking)
Macquarie Island was a beautiful place 1._______its native inhabitants, including royal 2.________(penguin), king penguins, and elephant seals, existed 3._____ harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. However, in 1810, humans 4.________(arrive) on the island with rats and mice. They quickly took over the island, eating birds’ eggs and 5._________(attack) baby birds. Cats 6._____________(bring) to control the rats and mice, but they also liked eating birds. Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island but the exploding rabbit population provided food for cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased 7._________(rapid).
where
penguins
in
arrived
attacking
were brought
rapidly
Summary
This in turn led to more cats hunting birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died 8.______in 1891.
A virus 9.________(release) onto the island caused rabbit population to decrease, but the cats, without enough rabbits to eat, killed native birds for food. Although all the cats were caught in 2000，rats and mice exploded once again. Besides, the rabbits’ 10._______(dig) caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
A programme was started to tackle this problem. This intervention is a long process, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
out
released
digging
I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South-west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seal, existed
in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
副词修饰contrast
形式宾语
宾语从句
否定副词放在句首引起句子部分倒装
没能做成
how引导的宾语
和谐共存
Analyze the key points of the text
Paragraph 1
But the island’s more recent history tells a different story. It’s a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice. These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
定语从句
定语从句
占领
现在分词短语作结果状语
副词修饰整个句子
对······产生兴趣
Paragraph 2
Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best— they multipled rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased. This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died out in 1891.
副词，与此同时
作为
形容词短语作状语，逻辑主语为they
宾语从句
非限制性定语从句
分词短语作状语
宾语从句
结果
表语从句
“导致”， to为介词，后接名词或动词 -ing形式
Paragraph 3
Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s, the rabbis remained out of control. Experts felt it nccessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. With this goal in mind, a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 1 30,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats. The rats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year. In the 1980s，traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.
仍然不受控制
it作形式宾语
to do不定式为真正宾语
with复合宾语结构作状语
让步状语从句
从······下降到······
结果
分词短语作状语
被用来做······
Paragraph 4
But as the saying goes, “While the cat’s away, the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island, the mouse and rat population started to increase. And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again. Then, in 2006, the rabbits’ digging caused some land to collapse, and killed a substantial number of penguins. This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
正如谚语所说
山中无老虎，猴子称大王
with复合宾语结构作状语
结果，证明
主语从句
大量的
形式宾语
宾语从句
sth. need doing某事需要被做
Paragraph 5
So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem. The first step involved poison
being dropped from helicopters. The next step is to remove the last remnaining invading species, and that’s where I come in—with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. This intervention is a long, much-delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
参加，参与
目的状语
后置定语
现在分词作前置定语
表语从句
应该为······做······
相当于all
Paragraph 6
Small action, but big chaos！
Protect the nature, and keep ecological balance！
返 回
本课结束