中考英语高频考点复习（牛津译林版八年级下册）

中考英语高频考点复习（八年级下册）
课时1 Unit 1
高频词汇
考点1 married adj. 已婚的，结婚的(教材P8 Reading)
[知识精讲] married的动词形式为marry，名词形式为marriage。
1. marry sb./get married to sb.表示动作，意为“和某人结婚”，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
2. be married (to sb.) 表示状态，能和表示一段时间的状语连用，用于完成时态中。
考点精练1
1. (扬州邗江二模) — When did your parents ________
— They ________ since 15 years ago.
A. marry; married
B. get married; have been married
C. be married; have got married
D. marry with; have been married
考点2 move away 搬离(教材P8 Reading)
[知识精讲] move作动词可意为“移动”或“使感动”。
move into 搬进 move to 搬到
move house 搬家　　move out of ... 从……搬走
考点精练2
2. They don’t live here any longer. They ________ Chengdu last month.
A. moved out B. moved to
C. moved away　　 D. moved from
考点3 yet adv. 还，仍(教材P14 Grammar)
[知识精讲] yet为现在完成时的标志，用于否定句和疑问句中。already意为“已经”，用于肯定句中。
现在完成时的一般疑问句可用not yet作简略的否定回答。
考点精练3
3. (安顺) — Have you seen the hot film The Wandering Earth ________
— Yes, I have. ________ wonderful science fiction movie it is!
A. yet; How a　　 B. already; How
C. yet; What a　　 D. already; What
考点4 return vi. 返回(教材P16 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] return 作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go/come back，后接表示地点的名词时要用介词to或from。
return to... 回到…… return from... 从……回来
后接表示地点的副词时不用介词。return 不能与back连用。return用作及物动词时，表示“归还”，相当于give back。
return sth. to sb. ＝ return sb. sth. 把某物还给某人
考点精练4
4. — Your father has gone to Shenzhen on business, hasn’t he
— Yes. And he will ________ in two weeks.
A. review B. repeat C. reduce　　 D. return
考点5 keep in touch 保持联系(教材P16 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] 表示“保持联系”还可以用stay in touch，其反义短语为lose touch (失去联系)。表示“与某人保持联系”用keep in touch with sb.。
考点精练5
5. (连云港赣榆模拟) More and more old people are learning _______________(与……保持联系) their children by WeChat.
考点6 communication n. 交流，交际(教材P16 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] communication的动词形式为communicate。
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
考点精练6
6. WeChat is one of the most convenient ways of ________.
A. information 　　 B. competition
C. communication　　 D. pollution
易混词汇
考点1 however与but(教材P9 Reading)
[知识精讲] however是副词，but是并列连词，however可以置于句首、句中或句末，而but不能置于句末。另外，but之后一般不能使用逗号，但however位于句首时，通常其后用逗号，位于句中时，通常在其前后各加一个逗号。
考点精练1
1. — What happened just now
— A car hit an old lady at the crossing. She was hurt, ________ not too badly.
A. and B. but C. or　　 D. however
考点2 since与for(教材P8 Reading)
[知识精讲] “since ＋时间点/具体时间”表示“自从……以来，从……以后”，用来说明动作的起始时间。如：
He has lived in China since he was born.
他自从出生以来就住在中国。
“for ＋时间段”用来说明动作延续的时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词也是延续性动词。如：
I have been here for three days. 我来这儿已经三天了。
考点精练2
2. — It has been much easier for me to go to work ________ shared bikes appeared.
— But they also caused plenty of problems.
A. since　　 B. for
C. unless　　 D. though
核心句型
考点1 You used to share food with me! 你过去常常和我分享食物的！(教材P6 Welcome)
[知识精讲]
1. used to 意为“过去常常”，其后跟动词原形，表示过去的习惯、经常发生的动作或状态。
2. be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。
be used to do sth.是被动语态，意为“被用来做某事”。
考点精练1
1. (常州) He is used to ________(have) a cup of tea first after getting up.
2. — Did your father use to ________ to work
— Yes, but now he likes using public transportation. He is used to _________ the bus.
A. drive; taking　　 B. driving; taking
C. driving; take　　 D. drive; take
考点2 Has the town changed a lot over the years 这些年这个镇变化大吗 (教材P8 Reading)
[知识精讲] change a lot 变化大，a lot是副词短语，表示程度大。如：
Thanks a lot for helping me. 非常感谢你帮助我。
1. a lot意为“很，非常，很多”，常用于谓语动词之后作状语，不可用于名词之前表数量。
2. a lot of意为“许多”，相当于lots of，用于名词之前作定语，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
考点精练2
3. Though I have learned English ________ two years, I can communicate with my friend in English.
A. for　　 B. in C. since　　 D. during
4. — How are you today
— I’m feeling ________ better now.
A. a lot　　 B. lots of C. a lot of　　 D. lot of
考点3 It’s really nice to have a beautiful modern town. 有一个漂亮的现代化城镇的确好。(教材P9 Reading)
[知识精讲] “It is ＋形容词＋ to do sth.”意为“做某事是……”，其中It是形式主语，无实际意义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(to do sth.)。
考点精练3
5. (湘潭) ________ is unhealthy for us to go to school without eating breakfast in the morning.
A. That B. This C. It D. These
6. (苏州) 对中国人而言，在春节团聚是常见的。
____________________________________________________________________
重点语法
考点1 现在完成时(教材P12 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 基本结构为：助动词have/has ＋动词的过去分词(done)
1. 表示过去发生的行为、动作或情况对现在造成的影响或导致的结果。常用的时间副词有just (刚刚), already (已经), still (仍然), recently (最近), yet (还，尚), ever (曾经), never (从不)。其中just, already用于肯定句；yet, ever, never常用于否定句或疑问句；still, recently可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句。如：
Have you ever been to Hong Kong
你曾经去过香港吗
I haven’t got the letter from my uncle yet.
我还没收到我叔叔的信。
2. 现在完成时也常与so far (迄今为止), in the past several years (在过去的几年里), ever since (迄今), in/during/over the past/last few years (在过去的几年里) 这类表示从过去到现在的时间状语连用。在此类句子中，谓语动词要用延续性动词，而不能用短暂性动词。如：
The children have been away from home since the new term began. (不可用have left)
自从新学期开始，孩子们就已经离开了家。
3. 规则动词过去分词的变化规则
(1) 一般情况下，动词词尾加ed。
如：work—worked; play—played; want—wanted
(2) 以不发音的 e结尾的动词，动词词尾加d。
如：live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided
(3) 以“辅音字母＋ y”结尾的动词，把y变为i再加ed。如：study—studied; try—tried; carry—carried
(4) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加ed。
如：stop—stopped
考点精练1
1. (宿迁) Uncle Chen ____________(repair) more than five bicycles since last Friday.
2. (泰州) So far, the couple _________________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.
3. (徐州) China’s high -speed railways ________ from 9，000 to 29，000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are B. were growing
C. will grow 　　 D. have grown
4. (贺州) — What a new look our city has!
— Yes. Great changes ________ since 2008.
A. take place　　 B. took place
C. have taken place　　 D. are taking place
5. (福建) — Look! My mother ________ a new dress for me.
— Wow, it looks very nice on you.
A. is making　　　B. has made　　　C. will make
6. — Look, Tom’s parents look so sad.
— Maybe they ________ what happened.
A. knew 　　 B. have known
C. has known　　 D. will know
7. (苏州高新区二模) — How can you start playing games so soon, Tom
— I ________ my homework, Mum.
A. finished 　　 B. have finished
C. will finish　　 D. finish
8. (扬州树人中学三模) — Why are you so happy
— Because the offer from Harvard University I’m looking forward to ____.
A. has arrived 　　 B. to arrive
C. arriving 　　 D. arrive
考点2 具体的几组时间状语辨析(教材P12 Grammar)
[知识精讲] ago用于一般过去时(用瞬间动词) ; since ... ago用于现在完成时；in the past用于一般过去时；in the past few years用于现在完成时；just now (置于句末) 用于一般过去时；just (置于句中) 常用于现在完成时。如：
I bought this dictionary three years ago. ＝
I have had this dictionary for three years. ＝
I have had this dictionary since three years ago.
这本字典是我三年前买的。
还可以用“It is/has been ＋时间段＋ since从句”改写为：
It is/has been three years since I bought this dictionary.
It is twenty years since I’ve seen her.
＝ It has been twenty years since I’ve seen her.
考点精练2
9. Three years has ________ since we last ________ each other.
A. passed; have met　　 B. past; have met
C. passed; met　　 D. past; met
10. (无锡宜兴二模) You are a collective of the experiences you ________ in your own life, so you should be proud of them even the bad ones.
A. will have 　　 B. have had C. had had　　 D. are having
课时2　Unit 2
高频词汇
考点1 fantastic adj. 极好的，美妙的(教材P22 Reading)
[知识精讲] fantastic的名词形式是fantasy (pl. fantasies) ，意为“幻想”。
live in a fantasy world 生活在幻想世界中
a fantastic beach 一片极好的海滩
a fantastic achievement 一项了不起的成就
have a fantastic time ＝ have a good/great/wonderful time 玩得非常开心
考点精练1
1. (扬州树人中学三模) — How did you find the trip to the West Lake
— ________.
A. The guide took us there
B. First by train and then by bus
C. Very fantastic indeed
D. It was not far from our hotel
考点2 speed n. 速度(教材P22 Reading)
[知识精讲] speed作名词，意为“速度”，一般用high与low来修饰；speed还可作动词，意为“加速，急行”。
at the speed of ... 以……的速度
speed up加速
at top speed 以最高速
speed down 减速
考点精练2
2. Melting ice (融冰) can cause the sea level to rise. Since 1993, the sea level has risen ________ 32 cm every 10 years.
A. at the end of B. at the foot of
C. at a speed of　　 D. at the bottom of
考点3 such det. & pron. 这样的(人或物) (教材P22 Reading)
[知识精讲]
so与such 都表示“如此”。so修饰形容词与副词;such修饰名词短语。
such a/an ＋ adj. ＋可数名词单数 ＝ so ＋ adj. ＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数。如：such a good book ＝ so good a book
注意：名词前有many, much, little, few时，只能用so 修饰。
考点精练3
3. (连云港) StorySign is ________ a useful app ________ it can make it easier for deaf children and their parents to read bedtime stories.
A. so; that　　 B. such; that
C. too; to　　 D. as; as
4. (泰州) — I missed the film The Wandering Earth.
— What a pity! It is ________ meaningful film that it is really worth seeing.
A. such a　　 B. so C. such 　　 D. so a
考点4 couple n. 两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物(教材P23 Reading)
[知识精讲] a couple of 一对；几个，几件
the couple 这对夫妇
考点精练4
5. 我想知道这对夫妇结婚多久了。
__________________________________________________________________________
易混词汇
考点 except与besides(教材P30 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲]
1. 用于肯定句时，except意为“除……之外(不再有) ”，不包括前面的内容；besides意为“除……之外(还有) ”，包括前面所说的内容。如：
I have another blue pen besides this one.
除了这支外，我还有另一支蓝色钢笔。(1＋1，共2支)
We all passed the exam except Tom.
我们都通过了考试，汤姆除外。(汤姆一人不及格)
2. except前常常有all, any, every, no及其复合词等词。如：
He answered all the questions except the last one.
除了最后一个问题，其余所有问题他都回答了。
考点精练
1. (南通模拟) All the family members went to the cinema ________ Grandpa. He preferred Beijing opera.
2. The restaurant is open every day ________ (除了) Monday.
3. ________ (除了) English, I’m good at Art as well.
4. (天水) I want to learn a second foreign language ________ English.
A. except　　B. beside　　C. besides　　D. except for
5. — Passengers ________ babies and patients will not be allowed to eat or drink on the subway in Beijing.
— What good news!
A. besides　　B. except　　C. beside　　D. behind
核心句型
考点1 Next, we hurried to a restaurant to have a quick meal. 接下来，我们匆匆去了一家餐馆吃了一顿简餐。(教材P22 Reading)
[知识精讲] hurry to sp.匆忙赶到某处；hurry up 赶快；in a hurry 赶快，急忙；hurry to do sth. ＝ be hurried to do sth. ＝ do sth. in a hurry匆忙做某事。如：
Tom was still late though he hurried to school.
虽然汤姆匆忙赶到学校，但他还是迟到了。
考点精练1
1. (乐山) — It’s already 7:50. If you want to get to the meeting on time, you must ________, Jack. — I see. I’ll walk quickly.
A. hurry up B. ring up C. stay up D. put up
2. — Excuse me, would you like mind helping me with the math problem
— I’m sorry. In fact, I’m ________.
A. in a moment　　 B. in a hurry
C. in a way　　 D. in a word
考点2 On the way, we met some Disney cartoon characters, such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse. 在途中我们遇到了一些迪士尼卡通人物，比如白雪公主和米老鼠。(教材P22 Reading)
[知识精讲] on the way在途中，在路上。后面可以直接跟地点副词home/here/there，跟地点名词时名词前要加介词to。其中the也可以换成形容词性物主代词。如：
Let’s wait a few moments. He’s on the way. 咱们等一会儿吧。他正在路上。
On his way to school, he met his teacher.在他上学路上，他遇到了他的老师。
考点精练2
3. — Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here.
— I know one e with me, please.
A. on my way home　　 B. on my way to home
C. in my way home　　 D. in my way to home
4. — How soon can you get to the airport
— In about 30 minutes. I’m ________.
A. in the way 　　B. on the way　　C. by the way 　　D. first of all
重点语法
考点1 使用have/has been 与have/has gone(教材P26 Grammar)
[知识精讲] have/has been曾经去过，表示去过某地，现在已经回来了，人已经不在那里，指的是人的一种经历；have/has gone已经去了某地，表示人在途中或已经到达目的地，人不在说话处，强调去某地还没有回来。两者后面可以直接跟地点副词，跟地点名词时名词前要加介词to。如：
— Where is Tom 汤姆在哪里
— He has gone to the bookshop. 他去书店了。
(汤姆在去书店的路上或已到书店，人不在说话处。)
— Where have you been recently 你们最近去哪里了
— We have been to Hong Kong. 我们去了香港。
(人已回来，不在香港。)
Miss Brown has gone to Japan.
布朗小姐去日本了。
(人在去日本途中或已在日本，不在说话处。)
I have never been to the Great Wall.
我从未去过长城。(谈论以前的经历。)
“have been in ＋地点名词”表示待在某地，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，表示在某地待了多长时间，强调持续到现在的状态。如：
He has been in London for half a month.
他已经待在伦敦半个月了。
考点精练1
1. The professor reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He ________ there for 10 days.
A. has been B. has got
C. has reached　　 D. has arrived
2. I ________ to the West Lake four times, but I will go there again this summer.
A. have gone　　 B. have been
C. went　　 D. had gone
3. (眉山) — Linda has ________ to Paris. How can I get in touch with her
— Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she ________ there.
A. been; will get　　 B. been; gets
C. gone; will get　　 D. gone; gets
4. (遂宁) — Where is your uncle
— He ________ America and he ________ New York for two weeks.
A. has been to; has been in 　　B. has gone to; will stay in
C. has been in; has been to 　　D. has stayed in; has gone to
5. (淮安涟水模拟) — Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening
— No, it ________ be her. She ________ to Japan.
A. mustn’t; has gone　　 B. mustn’t; has been
C. can’t; has gone 　　 D. can’t; has been
6. (淮安模拟) The boy in red ________ the football club for 3 years. He can play football very well now.
A. has joined　　 B. has been in
C. joined 　　 D. was in
考点2 和for及since连用的动词(教材P27 Grammar)
[知识精讲]
1. for后可接一段时间。“for ＋一段时间”用在完成时的句子中时，表示动作延续到说话的那个时刻。如：
I stayed there for two weeks.
我在那里待了两周。(现在不在那里了。)
I have stayed here for two weeks.
我已经在这儿待了两周了。(现在还在这里。)
2. since意为“自从……以来”，后可跟时间点或时间状语从句，表示一段时间。如：
They have learned about 100 Chinese songs since they came to China.
自从他们来到中国，他们已经学会了大约100首中文歌。
在上述含有一段时间的完成时的句子中，主句中的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：
I have had this bike for five years.
我拥有这辆自行车有五年了。
3. 延续性动词和短暂性动词
(1) 英语中的动词可分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。延续性动词表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间，常见的有live, stay, study, play, read, write, sleep, talk, wait, fly, lie, walk等；短暂性动词表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂，常见的有begin, start, finish, come, leave, find, arrive, reach, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, die等。
(2) 延续性动词和短暂性动词都可用于完成时的句子中。但如果完成时句子中含有表示持续时间的时间状语，则要用延续性动词或相当于延续性动词的动词短语作谓语。有些短暂性动词也可转换为延续性的表达方式。如：finish/stop—have/has been over; borrow—have/has kept; leave—have/has been away;
buy—have/has had; die—have/has been dead; fall ill—have/has been ill; begin/start—have/has been on; catch a cold—have/has had a cold;
marry—have/has been married; get married—have/has been married; arrive—have/has been in/at; join—have/has been in或have/has been a member of等。
考点精练2
7. (淮安) — Where are the teachers now
— In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.
A. have begun　　 B. have been on
C. have had　　 D. have been held
8. (南通) — Is everyone here, Jonathan
— No, Sir. Millie is absent. She ________ for two days.
A. has fallen ill 　　 B. has been ill
C. fell ill　　 D. was ill
9. (南京建邺一模) — ________ has Hong Kong- Zhuhai -Macao Bridge been in service
— Since 24th October, 2018.
A. How often　　 B. How far
C. How soon　　 D. How long
10. (镇江二模) — ________ have Mr and Mrs King been married
— Since twenty years ago.
A. How often　　 B. How soon
C. How far　　 D. How long
11. (镇江丹阳模拟) — The film Avengers: Endgame (《复联4：终局之战》)
________ in our city for two weeks. It won high praise.
— Exactly. I have seen it twice.
A. was on　　 B. was open
C. has opened　　 D. has been on
12. (南通海门一模) My deskmate was once a top student but she ________ behind since she began to play online games.
A. has fallen　　 B. fell
C. has felt　　 D. has been
13. (扬州广陵二模) — Have you been to Suning Plaza in our city
— No. Although it ________ for more than a week, I am far too busy to go there.
A. has started　　 B. has been open
C. has opened　　 D. has been on
课时3　Unit 3
高频词汇
考点1 Asia n. 亚洲(教材P36 Reading)
[知识精讲] Asia的形容词形式为Asian，意为“亚洲的，亚洲人的”；Asian也可以作名词，意为“亚洲人”。类似的单词有：
Africa 非洲—African 非洲(人)的；非洲人
Europe 欧洲—European 欧洲(人)的；欧洲人
America 美洲，美国—American 美洲(人)的；美国(人)的；美洲人；美国人
Australia 澳大利亚—Australian 澳大利亚(人)的；澳大利亚人
Russia 俄罗斯—Russian 俄罗斯(人)的；俄罗斯人
考点精练1
1. (济宁) China is the biggest country in A________.
2. (海南改编) Drums are basic to ___________(Africa) music. People there play them often.
3. (宿迁) Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city to host the ________(Asia) Games after Beijing and Guangzhou.
4. Sydney is the largest city with a population of more than five million people in ____________(Australian).
5. (铜仁) China is ________ Asian country while England is ________ European country.
A. an; an　　B. a; a　　C. an; a　　D. a; an
考点2 southern adj. 南方的，南部的(教材P37 Reading)
[知识精讲]
southern对应的名词是south，意为“南方，南”。类似的单词有：
east 东方，东—eastern 东方的，东部的
west 西方，西—western 西方的，西部的
north 北方，北—northern 北方的，北部的
常用结构：
in the east/west/south/north of ... ＝ in the eastern/western/southern/northern part of...
在……东/西/南/北部
考点精练2
6. Look, our reading room is in the ________(east) part of the classroom building. It looks modern.
7. (宿迁模拟改编) Our hometown lies in the ________(north) part of Jiangsu Province.
8. (南京秦淮一模) Noodles are one of the traditional foods in many ___________(north) cities of China.
9. There is a beautiful park at the _________(south) end of the island.
易混词汇
考点1 be famous for与be famous as(教材P37 Reading)
[知识精讲] 这里的famous就相当于well-known。
1. be famous for表示人因某种知识技能、作品或特征而出名、表示某地因某种特产或特征而出名或表示某事物因其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知。如：
He is famous for his great inventions.
他因他伟大的发明而出名。
The area is famous for its green tea.
这个地区因其绿茶而闻名。
2. be famous as表示“以……而出名”，或确切地说，是“作为……而出名”，主要是表示人以某种身份或职业而出名、表示某地作为什么产地或地方而出名或表示某事物以某种形式而出名。如：
He is famous as a great inventor.
他作为一名伟大的发明家而出名。
考点精练1
1. J.K. Rowling is ________ Harry Potter. She is popular and many children like her books.
A. comfortable B. famous for
C. famous as 　　 D. fit for
2. Stephen Hawking was famous ________ a scientist. He made a great contribution to the world, and he died ________ March 14th, 2018.
A. for; on　　 B. as; in
C. as; on　　 D. for; for
3. 扬州位于江苏省中部，因其悠久的历史和文化而闻名。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点2 with pleasure与(it’s) my pleasure(教材P44 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲]
1. with pleasure是回答别人请求的，意为“好的，乐意效劳”。如：
— Would you please open the window 请你开一下窗户好吗
— With pleasure. 好的。
2. (It’s) my pleasure是回答别人感谢的，意为“不客气，我的荣幸”。如：
— Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。
— It’s my pleasure. 不客气。
考点精练2
4. (天水) — Could you tell me how to pay for the food by QR code (二维码) on the phone
— ________.
A. Take it easy　　 B. It’s my pleasure
C. With pleasure　　 D. You’re welcome
5. — Thanks for listening to my problems and giving me your advice.
— ________.
A. With pleasure 　　
B. Yes, please
C. That’s right 　　
D. It is my pleasure
核心句型
考点 Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour 请你给我演示一下如何开始这个在线旅游好吗 (教材P44 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲]
1. “Would you mind doing ... ”用于客气地请某人做某事。如：
Would you mind opening the window, Kate
凯特，请你开一下窗户好吗
注意该句型的答语：
Of course not. 当然不(介意)。
No problem. 没问题。
Not at all. 一点儿也不(介意)。
Sorry, you’d better not.
对不起，你最好不要。
Sorry, I can’t. I’m busy./My hands are full.
抱歉，我不能。我正忙着。/我手上正忙着(某事)。
2. “Would you mind not doing... ”用于客气地请某人不要做某事。如：
Would you mind not shouting here
请您别在这儿大声喧哗好吗
考点精练
1. — Would you mind ________ what you said, Diana
— No, of course not.
A. repeating B. to repeat　　
C. repeated D. repeat
2. (镇江二模) — Would you mind separating the rubbish into different bins
— ________. Everyone can do something to protect the earth.
A. Sorry, I won’t do it again 　　 B. Certainly not
C. Yes, of course　　 D. No, thanks
3. (苏州张家港) 你介意带我参观一下你们学校的图书馆吗
_______________________________________________________________________
重点语法
考点1 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别(教材P40 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 一般过去时和现在完成时都可以表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但是在具体的语境中，它们有着明显的区别：
用法及强调的内容不同
1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，着重陈述过去发生的事情或存在的状况，不涉及现在的情况。如：
I went to the park last Sunday.
上周日我去了公园。
(着重说明“上周日我去公园”这件事，和现在无关。)
2. 现在完成时常用于以下情况：
(1) 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，强调持续到现在。此时常和since或for连用。如：
Li Ming has lived in Nanjing since his family moved there in 2000.
自从2000年他家搬到南京，李明就一直住在那儿。
(着重说明李明住在南京是从他家搬到南京开始一直持续到现在的。)
She has been here for ten years.
她已经在这里十年了。
(着重说明她在这里长达十年，而且还可能继续待在这里。)
(2) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。此时常和already, yet, ever, just, never等连用。如：
I have had my breakfast already.
我已经吃过早饭了。
(“吃早饭”这个动作是过去发生的，对现在造成的影响是“我饱了，我不饿”。)
I have ever read this book. 我曾经读过这本书。
(“读过这本书”这个动作是过去发生的，对现在造成的影响是“我知道这本书的内容”。)
Have you finished your homework yet
你已经做完作业了吗
Tom has never been to China. But he is looking forward to visiting it one day.
汤姆从没去过中国。但他期待有一天参观中国。
(“读过这本书”这个动作是过去发生的，对现在造成的影响是“我知道这本书的内容”。)
考点精练1
1. Someone ________ just ________(turn) off the lights in the room.
2. — Have you seen Michael these days
— Yes. In fact, I ________(see) him at the coffee shop just now.
3. — Did you see your brother go out
— No, I ______________ (watch) a football match.
4. Doing sports every day ________(help) us keep fit.
5. Up to now, we _________ (receive) many calls complaining about this expensive shop.
6. Turn off the TV, Kim. You ______________(watch) it for over three hours.
7. I __________(book) two tickets if you fly to Shanghai with me tomorrow.
8. This is the most terrible dream I _________ (have). I don’t want to think of it any more.
9. Lots of people ________(gather) here to see the lantern show last weekend.
10. This is the second time that Alana ____________ (visit) the Palace Museum.
11. ——Which team (win) the game
——France.
12. (宿迁模拟) The boy ________(blow) out the candles after he made a wish.
13. (常州二模) — Hi, Jim! Long time no see.
— I’ve just come back from America. I ________(stay) there for three weeks.
考点2 连用的时间状语不同(教材P41 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 现在完成时跟模糊的过去时间状语连用或不用时间状语；一般过去时通常跟具体的过去时间状语连用。
常跟现在完成时连用的时间状语有：so far, in the past...years, up to now, since...ago, for..., already, yet, ever, never, before, recently, lately等。
常跟一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday, last week, last year, last month, the day before yesterday, just now, in 1980等。如：
— I have learned about 2，000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了大约2 000个英语单词。
— What a good job you’ve done! 你干得不错！
— Have you heard from your daughter recently
你最近收到你女儿的来信了吗
— No, I haven’t yet. She is a little busy.
不，还没有。她有一点忙。
They learned 20 English words last week.
上周他们学了20个英语单词。
— Have you talked to her lately
最近你和她谈过吗
— Not yet. 还没有。
考点精练2
14. — I ________ my card. I want to report it.
— You can call the bank to report the loss. It will be faster.
A. lose B. was losing C. will lose　　D. have lost
15. — Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years.
— Yeah. Things ________ different when we were young.
A. have been　　B. are C. will be　　 D. were
16. — Do you still play basketball
— Oh, no. I ________ it for the past two years.
A. haven’t played　　B. didn’t play C. won’t play　　D. hadn’t played
17. — John is not coming to the birthday party tonight.
— Why But he ________!
A. promises　　B. promised C. will promise　　D. is promised
课时4　Unit 4
高频词汇
考点1 Germany n. 德国(教材P49 Welcome)
[知识精讲] German可以作形容词，意为“德国(人)的”；作名词时意为“德国人”。常见的国家名称和某国人的单复数形式：
国家名称 某国人(单数) 某国人(复数)
Germany German Germans
America American Americans
Australia Australian Australians
Canada Canadian Canadians
France Frenchman Frenchmen
Frenchwoman Frenchwomen
England Englishman Englishmen
Englishwoman Englishwomen
China Chinese Chinese
Japan Japanese Japanese
(法国人、英国人的复数形式是将a改为e；德国人的复数形式并不是将a改为e；中国人、日本人单复数形式相同。)
考点精练1
1. Our new English teacher comes from a small ____________(Canada) town.
2. Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ________ and four ________.
A. German; American B. Germans; American
C. Germans; Americans　　D. German; Americans
3. (南通) Sandy is ________ Australian girl. She came to China for travelling with her parents last week.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. My best friend comes from ________，but now he lives in ________.
A. Japan; England 　　 B. Japanese; England
C. Japan; English　 　 D. Japanese; English
考点2 against prep. 紧靠，碰，撞(教材P50 Reading)
[知识精讲] against是介词，不是动词，不能单独作谓语。against还表示“和……比赛；反对”。
考点精练2
5. (无锡江阴澄要片模拟) — Why isn’t he showing up at the birthday party
— He is racing ________ the clock to finish his report on his project.
A. beyond 　　B. over 　　C. against　　D. through
考点3 refuse vt. & vi. 拒绝，回绝(教材P57 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事；“refuse ＋ that从句”表示“拒绝……”。
考点精练3
6. (海南) Mrs. Green refuses ________ sweet food. She doesn’t want to get fat.
A. eat　　　　　B. eating　　　 　C. to eat
考点4 success n. 成功(教材P57 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] success意为“成功；胜利；发财；成名”时为不可数名词，意为“成功的人(或事物) ”时为可数名词。其动词形式为succeed，当意为“成功”时，是不及物动词，此时不能用于被动语态。形容词形式为successful，副词形式为successfully。
succeed in doing sth. ＝ be successful in doing sth. ＝ have success in doing sth. ＝ do sth. successfully 做某事获得成功
考点精练4
7. (盐城) You need not only talent but also hard work to become a ________ football player.
A. young　　 B. successful　　C. happy　　D. friendly
8. (呼和浩特) Frederick ________ entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him ________.
A. successful; success　　 B. successful; successfully
C. successfully; success　　 D. successfully; successful
考点5 experience n. 经历，经验(教材P59 Study skills)
[知识精讲]
1. experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，如：
much experience in teaching 教学经验丰富
2. experience作“经历”讲时是可数名词，如：
an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的经历
3. experience还可以作动词，意为“体验，经历”，如：
experience pleasure 体验乐趣
4. experience的形容词形式为experienced，意为“有经验的”，如：
be experienced in 在……方面有经验
考点精练5
9. — I don’t know how to use the app Fun Dubbing.
— Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ________ in doing it.
A. experience　　B. trouble 　　C. courage 　　D. condition
10. (无锡江阴华士片模拟) This March, the weather in Wuxi was really changeable. People still remember they have ________ four seasons in a week.
A. experienced　　 B. explained
C. described 　　 D. designed
易混词汇
考点1 try to do sth.与manage to do sth.(教材P51 Reading)
[知识精讲] try to do sth. 意为“尽力去做某事”，强调尽力去做，但不一定成功；manage to do sth. 意为“设法完成某事”，强调经过努力完成某件事。
考点精练1
1. (抚顺改编) In the summer camp, the boy learned to ________ all kinds of difficulties.
A. manage B. trying C. remain D. control
考点2 as well, too, also与either(教材P51 Reading)
[知识精讲] 以上四个词都有“也”的意思，但用法不同。as well常用于口语，用法与too相同，位于句尾，但前面通常不用逗号。too是普通用词，也用于口语，常置于句尾。also是较正式的用语，位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前。either表示“也”时，只用于否定句，且置于句尾。
考点精练2
2. — Excuse me. Do you know how to check out a book
— Sorry, I don’t know, ________.
A. too　　 B. also　　 C. either　　 D. as well
3. We had fun and learnt something new ________. We had a good time.
A. also　　 B. both 　　C. as well　　D. either
核心句型
考点1 Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo 霍波，你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗 (教材P48 Welcome)
[知识精讲] what to do with ＝ how to deal with 意为“怎样处理”。注意疑问词what和动词do搭配，疑问词how和动词deal搭配。如：
What are we going to do with the problem
我们将怎样处理这个问题呢
I have a huge pile of letters to deal with.
我有一大堆信件要处理。
考点精练1
1. Mr. Sigmund Friend is used to ________(处理) with all kinds of problems.
2. (扬州江都二模) — Many Westerners think everyone in China knows ________.
— This is, of course, a silly belief. But it is true that kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.
A. what to do kung fu B. when to do kung fu
C. how to do kung fu 　　 D. where to do kung fu
考点2 It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. 它往上移经过我的腹部和脖子，直到站在我的脸附近。(教材P50 Reading)
[知识精讲] until 直到……为止，相当于till。
1. 肯定句中与延续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”。
2. 否定句中与短暂性(瞬间) 动词连用，常以not ... until的形式出现，意为“直到……才”。可与after, before等引导的时间状语从句进行句型转换。
考点精练2
3. (贵港) — Has the meeting begun yet
— Not yet. We have to wait ________ everyone is here.
A. and B. until C. or D. but
4. — ________ will the discussion last
— ________ we reach an agreement.
A. How long; Not until　　 B. When; Not until
C. How long; Until 　　 D. When; Until
重点语法
考点1 特殊疑问词＋动词不定式(教材P54 Grammar)
[知识精讲]
1. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构相当于一个名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语和同位语等成分。大部分特殊疑问词可用于该结构，如when, how, which, where, who等。注意：疑问词why不能用于该结构。如：
Where to go is still a question.
去哪里仍然是个问题。
(作主语；作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式)
I know where to find the boy.
我知道哪里能找到这个男孩。
(作动词know的宾语)
The question is how to learn English well.
问题是怎样学好英语。(作表语)
2. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构经常用在某些动词(短语) 后面作宾语，常见的有tell, show, know, learn, teach, forget, wonder, remember, find out等。如：
— I’ll show you how to do it.
我会向你展示如何做它(这件事)。
— Thank you.
谢谢。
“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构还可以用在be sure, be clear等后面作宾语。如：
I’m not sure when to leave.
我不确定何时离开。
3. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可以把复合句转换为简单句。如：
I don’t know what I’ll do next. ＝ I don’t know what to do next.
我不知道下一步做什么。
4. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构可以独立成句。如：
What to do 做什么
How to get rid of the trouble 如何摆脱困境
考点精练1
1. There’s no difference between the two words, so I can’t tell you ________.
A. what to choose B. which to choose
C. to choose which 　　 D. to choose what
2. Lily does not know ________ about the problems.
A. who to talk　　 B. where to talk to
C. who to talk to　　 D. what to talk
3. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ________ buy a digital camera
A. what to　　 B. where to
C. what I can　　 D. where can I
4. — The problem is too hard. I don’t know ________ it out.
— You can ask your teachers for help.
A. who to work　　B. when to work C. what to work　　D. how to work
5. (南通) Suzy didn’t know when she would take a boat trip on the lake. (同义句转换)
Suzy didn’t know ________ ________ take a boat trip on the lake.
6. (黔南三州) The girls don’t know what they can do next. (改为简单句)
The girls don’t know what ________ ________ next.
7. (广州改编) 我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。
_____________________________________________________________________
8. (抚顺改编) 你能告诉我如何删除手机里的无用信息吗
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
考点2 must和have to的用法(教材P56 Grammar)
[知识精讲] must表示主观的意愿或命令，语气强烈。其否定形式为mustn’t，意为“禁止，不可以”。have to表示客观的义务或需要，意为“必须，不得不”，其否定形式为don’t have to，表示“不必，不需要”。一般现在时的句子中主语为第三人称单数时，则要用has to, doesn’t have to。如：
We students must work hard.
我们学生必须努力学习。
My bike is broken today. I have to walk to school.
今天我的自行车坏了。我不得不步行上学。
— Must I stay here
我必须留在这儿吗
— No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to.
不，你不必。
考点精练2
9. There were too many visitors enjoying the view. I ________ park my car in a place far away from the park.
A. might 　　 B. could C. had to　　 D. mustn’t
10. (南充) — Mum, may I play computer games this evening
— No way, you________ finish your homework.
A. can 　　 B. must 　　 C. may　　 D. will
11. (天津) You ________ walk on the wet hill path because you ________ fall and hurt yourself.
A. must; might not　B. mustn’t; might C. needn’t; need　　D. must; must
12. (龙东地区) — Mum, may I go to the party with my friends tonight
— Yes, you ________. But you ________ be back by 10：00 p.m.
A. can; may　　 B. must; have to　 C. may; must
课时5　Unit 5
高频词汇
考点1 avoid vt. 避免(教材P66 Reading)
[知识精讲]
1. avoid是及物动词，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，但是不能接动词不定式作宾语。如：
He braked his car in time to avoid an accident.
他及时刹车，避免了一场事故。
正：He avoided answering my questions.
误：He avoided to answer my questions. 他避而不答我的问题。
2. avoid意为“避开，躲避”时，相当于keep oneself from；也可表示“防止(某事的发生) ”，相当于prevent。
考点精练1
1. (天津) We should ________ making a noise in the library.
A. avoid B. prefer C. practise D. enjoy
2. (鄂州) — Jimmy, I don’t like my classmate Bob. He is so noisy.
— Oh, so he is. But you cannot avoid ________ him. He sits next to you.
A. meet　　 B. to meet 　　 C. meeting　　 D. to meeting
考点2 push vi. & vt. 推，挤(教材P66 Reading)
[知识精讲] push也可作名词，意为“推，推动”。其反义词为pull，意为“拉”。
push in ＝ cut in 插队
push for 反复要求；施压争取
考点精练2
3. (无锡宜兴一模) The Chinese dream is a great way to bring people together and ________ the rapid development of our motherland.
A. wait for　　B. leave for　　C. care for　　D. push for
考点3 all the time一直，总是(教材P68 Reading)
[知识精讲] 与time相关的短语：
for the first time 第一次　　at times 不时；有时
in time 及时　　on time 准时 in no time 立即；马上　
any time 在任何时间；随时 have a good time 玩得愉快　　
from time to time 不时地 at the same time 同时
考点精练3
4. You watch TV ____________(总是，一直). You should go out and relax!
5. — When is the school art festival
— It will be held ________ if it doesn’t rain next Monday.
A. in time　　 B. on time
C. at times　 　 D. any time
考点4 explain vt. & vi. 解释(教材P72 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] explain作动词时，后可直接接sth.，接sb.时要加to。explain的名词形式为explanation，是可数名词。
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
explain ＋ that/what/why从句
explain ＋连接代(副) 词＋不定式
考点精练4
6. (苏州昆山二模) Mr. Li has ___________(explain) to us how to organize our ideas according to the type of writing.
7. I don’t mind giving you a detailed______________(explain) of what happened that day.
考点5 keep sb. from sth. 保护，使免受(教材P72 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] 与keep相关的短语：
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
keep sth. from sb. 瞒着某人某事
keep sb. away from sth. 使某人远离某事/物
考点精练5
8. (襄阳改编) 我们的老师总是告诫我们，在学习中不要逃避任何困难。(keep)
__________________________________________________________________________
9. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。
__________________________________________________________________________
考点6 warn sb. to do sth. 提醒/警告某人做某事(教材P72 Integrated skills)
[知识精讲] warn sb. not to do sth. 提醒/警告某人不要做某事
warn (sb.) of ... 提醒/警告(某人) ……
warn ＋ that从句 提醒/警告……
考点精练6
10. (无锡江阴澄要片模拟) The sign on the door warns people ______________(not enter) the room with food and drinks.
11. 妈妈总是告诫我不要在网上和陌生人交朋友。
__________________________________________________________________________
易混词汇
考点1 in one’s way与on one’s way(教材P67 Reading)
[知识精讲] in one’s way意为“挡着某人的路，妨碍某人”；on one’s way (to)意为“在某人(去某地)的路上”。
all the way 一直 by the way 顺便问一下
lose one’s way 迷路　　lead the way 带路
考点精练1
1. In Britain, people won’t push past you if you are ________. They will wait until you move away.
A. by the way B. on the way
C. in their way　 D. in some ways
考点2 sometimes, some times, sometime与some time(教材P74 Study skills)
[知识精讲]
1. sometimes是频率副词，意为“有时候，间或”。如：
Sometimes I help my mother do some housework.
有时候我帮妈妈做些家务活。
2. some times是名词短语，意为“几次；几倍”。如：
I met her some times in the street last month.
上个月，我在街上遇见过她几次。
3. sometime是副词，意为“某时”。如：
I saw him sometime last summer.
去年夏天的某个时候我见过他。
4. some time是名词短语，意为“一段时间”。如：
I stayed at my uncle’s for some time last year.
去年我在我叔叔家待了一段时间。
考点精练2
2. — Are you watching the football matches of the World Cup these days
— ________, and I’ll watch the match between Japan and Poland tonight.
A. Sometimes　　B. Some times C. Sometime　　 D. Some time
3. You needn’t finish your article. You can hand it in ________ before Friday.
A. sometime 　　B. any times C. sometimes　　D. some times
4. ________ reading books can make others’ experience become ours.
Sometimes　　B. Some times C. Some time 　　D. Sometime
5. 我去过长城几次。
___________________________________________________________________________
核心句型
考点1 Second, don’t cut in on others. 第二，别打断别人的话。(教材P64 Welcome)
[知识精讲] cut in on sth./sb. 打断某事/某人的话，插嘴。如：
Don’t cut in on your mother when she is speaking.
在你妈妈讲话时不要插嘴。
Don’t cut in on other people’s conversation.
别打断别人的谈话。
cut in在美式英语中可以指“插队”。
考点精练1
1. — I’m sorry to ________ on you, but there is one or two things I don’t understand.
— It doesn’t matter.
A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in　　D. cut off
考点2 Do people there behave politely in public 那儿的人们在公共场合举止文明吗 (教材P66 Reading)
[知识精讲]
1. politely，副词，意为“礼貌地”，在句中修饰动词，其形容词形式为polite，反义词为impolitely。如：
Everyone should speak politely in public.
在公共场合每个人都应当讲话有礼貌。
It’s polite to knock on the door before entering the room.
在进入房间之前敲门是有礼貌的。
2. public用作名词时表示“公众，民众”，是集体名词；in public意为“公开地，当众”。如：
The leader rarely shows herself in public.
这位领导很少公开露面。
考点精练2
2. In some places, it isn’t　________ (有礼貌的) to look at people when you talk.
3. (贵港) We can’t smoke in p________. It’s harmful to others.
4. When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help ________.
5. (葫芦岛改编) 玛丽当众讲话时总是很自信。
______________________________________________________________________
考点3 Kitty was very busy with her dancing lessons. 基蒂非常忙于她的舞蹈课。(教材P71 Grammar)
[知识精讲]
1. be busy with sth.忙于某事。如：
He is busy with his work day and night.
他日夜忙于他的工作。
2. be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事。如：
— What is Millie doing
米莉正在干什么
— Millie is busy (in) writing an email.
米莉正忙于写一封电子邮件。
考点精练3
6. When spring comes, people are busy ________(plant) trees and flowers.
7. (包头) — Why were you angry with your daughter
— She was busy ________ and taking selfies(自拍) when I was talking to her.
A. texting　　 B. to text　　C. text 　　 D. texted
重点语法
考点1 enough to 的用法(教材P70 Grammar)
[知识精讲] “be ＋形容词＋ enough ＋ to do sth.”意为“足够……做某事”，常用来描述某人的一种个性或能力。注意其中的形容词要用原级。如：
Tom is strong enough to carry the stone.
汤姆足够强壮，能搬得动这块石头。
He was careful enough to check up every detail.
他足够细心，把每个细节都核对过了。
I’m old enough to have the freedom to do what I like.
我足够大了，能拥有做我喜欢的事的自由了。
考点精练1
1. He’s far ________ to go on his own.
A. young enough
B. enough young
C. too old
D. too young
2. She’s ________ to decide for ________.
A. old enough; herself
B. big enough; herself
C. enough old; her
D. enough big; her
考点2 too...to 的用法(教材P71 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 我们可以使用“be ＋ too ＋形容词＋ to do sth.”的结构来表达一个否定的结果，其中的形容词要用原级。如：
You are too fat to jump high.
你太胖了，以至于跳不高。
The girl was too frightened to move at that time.
那个时候这个女孩太害怕，以至于动不了。
Miss Li is too busy to take a holiday.
李小姐太忙了，以至于没时间度假。
注意：上述两个结构之间的相互转换，“be ＋ too ＋形容词＋ to do sth.”结构常常可以转换为“be not ＋(对应反义)形容词＋ enough ＋ to do sth.”。如：
His sister is too young to look after herself.
＝ His sister isn’t old enough to look after herself.
他妹妹太小了，以至于不能照顾她自己。
The girl is too short to get on the elephant.
＝ The girl is not tall enough to get on the elephant.
这个女孩太矮了无法骑到大象身上。
考点精练2
3. Curing sick people is ________ important ________ doctors must be careful.
A. too; to　 B. so; that C. enough; to　 D. such; that
4. (南通) The students in our school are polite. They never push in before others. (合并为一句)
The students in our school are ________ polite ________ push in before others.
5. (重庆B改编) 听到这个消息后，大家兴奋得睡不着觉。
___________________________________________________________________
课时6 Unit 6
高频词汇
考点1 homeless adj. 无家可归的(教材P79 Welcome)
[知识精讲] homeless是由名词home加后缀 less构成的。
与此类似的词还有：
hope—hopeless 无望的　harm—harmless 无害的
use—useless 无用的　　care—careless 不仔细的，粗心的
love—loveless 无爱的　　end—endless 无尽的
考点精练1
1. (镇江) After the earthquake, plenty of food and clothes were provided for the ________(home) people.
2. You must promise me that you’ll survive, that you won’t give up, no matter what happens, no matter how ________(hope).
3. — Battery called “white elephant” met its Waterloo in the market of Europe.
— Europeans won’t be interested in it. Because a white elephant means a thing that is ________(use), although it may cost a lot of money.
考点2 chance n. 机会(教材P80 Reading)
[知识精讲] have/get a chance to do sth. ＝ have a chance of doing sth.有机会做某事
miss a chance of doing sth. 错过做某事的机会
give sb. a chance给某人一个机会
by chance 偶然；意外地
Do you think they have a chance of beating Australia
＝ Do you think they have a chance to beat Australia
你认为他们有可能击败澳大利亚队吗
考点精练2
4. The Belt and Road will be a ________(机会) to help some countries to develop, so more and more countries want to catch it.
考点3 similar adj. 同样的，类似的(教材P80 Reading)
[知识精讲] similar要与same区别开来：be similar to ... 与……相似；be the same as ...和……一样。如：
Their school uniforms are similar to ours. 他们的校服和我们的相似。
Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。
注意：similar的副词形式：similarly
考点精练3
5. Her ways of learning English are ________ mine.
A. known as　　B. proud of　　C. similar to　　D. good with
6. It’s not necessary to find a friend who is the same ________ you.
A. in　　 B. as　　 C. to　　 D. from
7. (宜宾) Birds can’t fly without wings. ________, human beings can’t walk without legs.
A. Fortunately　　　B. Similarly　　　C. Generally
考点4 achieve vt. 实现，达到(教材P81 Reading)
[知识精讲]
1. achieve一般只用作及物动词，其宾语可以是(实现的)目标、目的等，也可以是(取得的) 胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。如：
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
每个人都应被给予实现他们的目标的机会。
2. 因为achieve一般与令人愉快的事，如成功、成就等连用，所以不要受汉语的影响，滥用此词来表示一般意义的“达到”。
3. achieve的名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；完成”。
I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain.
当我到达山顶的时候，我有一种巨大的成就感。
考点精练4
8. (包头) Stephen Hawking has ________ great success as a scientist.
A. allowed　　 B. achieved　　 C. practiced　　 D. promised
9. (南通) High speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great ________ of China.
A. Achievements 　　B. Agreements C. Environments　　D. Instruments
易混词汇
考点 prize, award与reward(教材P82 Reading)
[知识精讲]
1. prize侧重表示对各种竞赛中成绩优秀者的奖励，或对于某种行为的嘉奖。
2. award常表示官方或经正式研究裁决后的结果，如奖品、奖金等。
3. reward侧重表示对某一行为的回报，即“报酬，赏金”。
　The police offered a $10，000 reward for information leading to the conviction of the killer.
警方对能将凶手定罪的信息悬赏1万美元。
考点精练
1. We have won first ________ in the match! -Nice work!
A. praise B. prize C. price D. pride
2. — Work gets done more easily when people do it together, and the ________ are higher too.
— That’s right. Many hands make light work.
A. money　　B. awards　　C. rewards　　D. prizes
核心句型
考点1 They can provide special places for homeless people to stay. 他们可以为无家可归的人提供特别的地方居住。(教材P79 Welcome)
[知识精讲] provide sth. for sb. ＝ provide sb. with sth. 意为“为某人提供某物”。如：
The government provides food and shelters for them.
政府为他们提供食物和避难所。
The local people like that Italian restaurant because it provides both delicious food and good service.
当地人喜欢那家意大利餐馆是因为它提供美味的食物和良好的服务。
考点精练1
1. (鄂州) Chinese parents try their best to ________(提供) a good environment for their children.
2. We are here to provide a service ________ the public.
A. with B. for
C. towards 　　 D. from
考点2 Over 40，000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games. 4万多人为2007年世界特奥会放弃了自己的空闲时间。(教材P80 Reading)
[知识精讲] give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事。如：
David Beckham decided to give up playing football forever because he was not energetic enough.
大卫·贝克汉姆决定永远放弃踢足球，因为他没有足够的精力了。
当宾语为代词时，只能放在give和up之间。如：
— Jerry disliked his job, so he gave it up.
杰瑞不喜欢他的工作，所以他放弃了。
考点精练2
3. (滨州) They’ll succeed in working out the problem because they never ________.
A. wake up　　 B. give up
C. look up　　 D. make up
4. (泰州泰兴二模) — English is very important, so don’t ________.
— Thank you. ________.
A. give it up; I will　　 B. give it up; I won’t
C. give up it; I will　　 D. give up it; I won’t
5. (无锡梁溪一模) — The sudden storm left us no choice but to ________ the travel plan.
— What a pity! You let the kids down again.
A. put up　　 B. give up　　 C. take up　　 D. make up
重点语法
考点1 It is ＋形容词＋动词不定式(教材P84 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 我们常用“It is ＋形容词＋动词不定式”的结构来表达对某事物的看法。在该句型结构中，It为形式主语，真正的主语为其后的动词不定式。如：
It is necessary to learn English well.
学好英语是必要的。
注意：该结构也适用于含动词take的句型。如：
— How long did it take to get to the railway station
去火车站要多久
— It took about ten minutes to walk to the railway station.
步行去火车站大约花了10分钟。
动词不定式结构也可以直接置于句首充当句子的主语，但在现代英语中，多用it作形式主语。如：
To clean the parks before National Day is important.
在国庆节前打扫公园是重要的。
考点精练1
1. (滨州改编) 学习一门外语是非常重要的。
_________________________________________________________________________
2. 在雪天里登山是很危险的。
_________________________________________________________________________
3. (苏州昆山二模) 打断别人说话是不礼貌的。
__________________________________________________________________________
考点2 It is ＋形容词＋ for ＋人＋动词不定式(教材P85 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 我们可以用“It is ＋形容词＋ for ＋人＋动词不定式”的结构来表达某人对做某事的一个客观态度。在该句型结构中，动词不定式结构的逻辑主语就是for后面的人。for sb. to do sth.通常被称作动词不定式复合结构。如：
It is impossible for us to finish the work in an hour.
对我们而言，在一小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。
It is meaningful for us to join Oxfam Trailwalker.
对我们来说，加入“乐施毅行者”是有意义的。
考点精练2
4. (南京建邺一模改编) It is necessary for ________(we) to understand the importance of protecting the wetlands.
5. (湘潭) ________ is unhealthy for us to go to school without eating breakfast in the morning.
A. That 　　　　　B. This C. It
6. It’s terrible for a big family ________ such a small house.
A. to live B. to live in
C. living　　 D. living in
7. — Could I go swimming with my friend, Dad
— No. It’s very dangerous for you kids________ swimming without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go 　　D. went
考点3 It is ＋形容词＋ of ＋人＋动词不定式(教材P86 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 我们可以用“It is ＋形容词＋ of ＋人＋动词不定式”的结构来表达对某人的行为的看法。如：
— It’s nice of you to bring me the newspaper.
你把报纸带给我真好。
— That’s what I should do.
那是我应该做的。
It’s really silly of you not to forgive others for their mistakes.
你因为别人的错误而不原谅他们真傻。
It’s very wise of you to leave him.
你离开他非常明智。
1. “It is ＋形容词＋ for ＋人＋动词不定式”和“It is ＋形容词＋ of ＋人＋动词不定式”结构的区别：
(1) 前者一般用表示客观情况的形容词。
如：hard, difficult, easy, important, interesting, necessary, impossible等。
(2) 后者一般用表示人物品格、特征的形容词。
如：brave, good, kind, nice, clever, careful, careless, rude, wise, foolish, selfish, silly, honest, generous等。如：
It is quite difficult for me to play football well.
对我来说，把足球踢好相当难。
It was wise of you to refuse his offer.
你拒绝他的提议是明智的。
— It’s rude of you to speak to your mother like that.
和你妈那样说话太粗鲁了。
— I’m so sorry. 真对不起。
2. “It is ＋形容词＋ of ＋人＋动词不定式”的句型一般可以转换成一个带不定式作状语的句子，而“It is ＋形容词＋ for ＋人＋动词不定式”的句型则不可以这样转换。如：
It was careless of you to mistake me for your uncle. ＝ You were careless to mistake me for your uncle.
你把我误认为你的叔叔真是粗心。
考点精练3
8. (凉山) — Is it necessary ________ us ________ some photos before saving the old man
— Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.
A. of; taking　　 B. for; taking C. of; to take　　D. for; to take
9. (呼和浩特) It is wise ________ Linda to make up her mind ________ to play an instrument.
A. for; learning　　 B. for; to learn
C. of; learning　　 D. of; to learn
10. — Was it important ________ John ________ any photos before helping the old man
— I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later.
A. of; taking　　 B. for; taking
C. of; to take　　 D. for; to take
11. (镇江二模) ________ difficult ________ her to make such a big decision within so little time.
A. It’s; for 　　 B. That’s; for C. It’s; of 　　 D. That’s; of
课时7　Unit 7
高频词汇
考点1 education n. 教育(教材P93 Welcome)
[知识精讲] education的形容词形式为educational，动词形式为educate。educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事。如：
It takes patience to educate children. 教育儿童需要耐心。
Education is given to children by the government. 政府给儿童提供教育。
I think this is an educational film. 我认为这是一部具有教育意义的影片。
考点精练1
1. More schools will be built in Laiwu to provide children with better _________(教育) in a few years.
2. I think The Readers (《朗读者》) is an ______________(education) TV programme.
3. The news about ________ has attracted public attention recently.
A. education B. excitement
C. invention　　 D. agreement
考点2 spread n. 扩散；分布；展开(教材P93 Welcome)
[知识精讲] spread 既可作名词又可作动词，意为“展开，摊开，使扩散”，过去式和过去分词都是spread。如：
We should take action to prevent the spread of this disease.
我们应该采取行动防止这种疾病的传播。
考点精练2
4. (无锡二模) Bad news travels fast. What he did a day ago was ________(扩散) throughout the whole country so quickly.
考点3 operate vi. 做手术(教材P95 Reading)
[知识精讲] operate的名词形式为operation。
operate on sb. ＝ do/have/perform an operation on sb.
给某人动手术
考点精练3
5. The ORBIS doctor advised the girl to have an ___________(operate) to prevent her eye problem getting much worse.
6. (泰州三模) The patient was badly hurt and needed ________ at once.
A. operating　　 B. to operate on
C. to be operated　　 D. operating on
考点4 develop vi. & vt. 发展；加强(教材P95 Reading)
[知识精讲] develop的名词形式为development，意为“发展”；形容词形式有developing，意为“发展中的”；developed，意为“发达的”。develop the interest 意为“培养兴趣”。
考点精练4
7. (南充) Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s ___________(发展).
8. Nowadays schools should care for the full ________ of a student’s talents.
A. attention　　 B. knowledge　　
C. development　　 D. standard
考点5 treat vt. 治疗；处理(教材P95 Reading)
[知识精讲] treat的名词形式为treatment。
treat sb. as
把某人当作……
treat sb. to ...
用……款待某人
My parents still treat me like a child.
我父母仍把我当成孩子。
考点精练5
9. (苏州高新区二模) — Has your sick pet dog been cured yet
— Not yet. It’s still under ____________(治疗).
易混词汇
考点 proud与pride(教材P95 Reading)
[知识精讲]
1. proud是形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”，常用于短语be proud of中，意为“为……感到自豪”。如：
be proud of sth./doing sth./to do sth./＋ that从句
对(做) 某事感到自豪
As Chinese, we are all proud of our great country.
作为中国人，我们都为我们伟大的祖国感到自豪。
I’m proud of being chosen as the monitor of our class.
我很自豪被选为我们班的班长。
2. pride是名词，意为“骄傲；自豪”，常用于短语take pride in中，意为“为……感到自豪”。如：
My father always takes pride in everything good I do.
我父亲总是为我做的一切好事感到自豪。
the pride of ... ……的骄傲
be proud of sth./doing sth./to do sth./＋ that从句
对(做) 某事感到自豪,考点精练
考点精练
1. (扬州) Our country is becoming stronger and stronger and I’m ________(自豪的) of her.
2. (宿迁) Every child wants to be the ________(proud) of their parents.
3. — Did you volunteer for this year’s Mido Music Festival
— Yeah. I felt so ________ because I was able to help many people.
A. nervous B. proud C. stressed D. tired
4. Nowadays, China has made great achievements in many fields. We really ________ our amazing country.
A. take pride in　　 B. take care of
C. take an interest in　　 D. take part in
核心句型
考点1 Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的很多病人没钱去医院，所以我们得去他们那儿。(教材P94 Reading)
[知识精讲] afford to do sth. 付得起钱做某事，负担得起做某事。常与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。can’t/couldn’t afford to do sth. 付不起钱做某事，负担不起做某事。如：
I cannot afford to shop because I don’t have a bean.
我负担不起去购物，因为我身无分文。
考点精练1
1. (南通如皋一模) I haven’t saved enough money, so I can’t ________ to go abroad this summer.
2. I am afraid we cannot ________ to take a taxi. Let’s go by underground instead.
A. refuse B. afford C. forget　　D. fall
考点2 But more money is needed to carry on with our work. 但是(我们) 需要更多的钱来继续我们的工作。(教材P95 Welcome)
[知识精讲] carry on with sth./doing sth. ＝ continue to do sth./doing sth. 继续(做) 某事
She looked up for a minute and then continued drawing. ＝
She looked up for a minute and then carried on with her drawing.
她抬头看了一会儿，然后继续画。
考点精练2
3. — What do you need to ________ your work
— All I need is enough support from my family and friends.
A. bring out　　 B. carry on with
C. solve　　 D. do with
考点3... so she made up her mind to train as a nurse ... ……所以她决定接受护士培训……(教材P104 Task)
[知识精讲] make up one’s mind 做出决定，下定决心；make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定/下定决心做某事，相当于decide to do sth.。如：
I make up my mind to finish the work in two days. ＝
I decide to finish the work in two days.
我下定决心在两天内完成这项工作。
考点精练3
4. — What do you plan to buy
— I haven’t ________ my mind. I’ll just look around.
A. looked up　　 B. put up
C. showed up　　 D. made up
5. (常州二模改编) 他们已经下定决心要采取措施来改善生活。　
_______________________________________________________________________________
重点语法
考点 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态(教材P98 Grammar)
[知识精讲] 英语中共有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式。
一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”“受”“给”“由”等词表示被动意义。如：
Millie (主语) cleans (谓语) the room (宾语) every day. (主动)
动作执行者 动作 动作承受者
The room (主语) is cleaned (谓语) by Millie every day. (被动)
动作承受者 动作 动作执行者
1. 被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成形式是“be动词＋及物动词的过去分词”，人称、数和时态的变化通过be动词的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/are ＋及物动词的过去分词。
一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were ＋及物动词的过去分词。
The bridge was built by this company.
这座桥是由这家公司建造而成的。
2. 主动语态变被动语态的方法：先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，再把谓语变为被动结构(be动词＋动词的过去分词) ，最后把主动语态的主语放在介词by后面作被动语态的宾语，将主格变为宾格。如：
Her mother cooks meals at home.
＝ Meals are cooked by her mother at home.
饭菜是由她母亲在家做的。
3. 主动语态变被动语态需要注意的问题：
(1) 谓语动词的时态要与原句时态一致。如：
I bought a new bike.
＝ A new bike was bought by me.
我买了一辆新自行车。
(2) 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，可以将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变。一般变间接宾语为主语。如：
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
＝ I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday.
我叔叔在我生日时给了我一个礼物。
如果把直接宾语(指物) 改为主语，要在间接宾语(指人) 前加适当的介词to或for。
如上句还可表达成：
A present was given to me by my uncle on my birthday.
注意：动词bring, give, lend, offer, pass, show, teach, tell等后面的间接宾语前常用介词to；动词buy, cook, get, keep, make, order, play, sing等后面的间接宾语前常用介词for。
(3) 在主动语态中以省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的，改为被动语态时不能省略to(要把to补充出来)。如：
I often see him play basketball in the playground.
＝ He is often seen to play basketball (by me) in the playground.
我经常看见他在操场上打篮球。
考点精练
1. (南通模拟) — What’s new in your school
— Students ________ to work in groups in class. It can help us to learn from each other.
A. were encouraged B. encouraged
C. are encouraged　　 D. encourage
2. (南京建邺一模) — Nanjing Eye Footbridge is a good place to have a walk, especially at night.
— So it is. The bridge ________ QQ Bridge by people in Nanjing.
A. Called B. call C. is called D. is calling
3. (镇江二模) Many celebrations ________ at Tianqiao Performing Arts Centre in Beijing last month.
A. hold　　 B. were held
C. will be held 　　 D. will hold
4. (镇江二模) — Excuse me, Mum. When can we have dinner
— Not until it ________ in half an hour.
A. will be prepared　　 B. is prepared
C. has prepared　　 D. was prepared
5. — Who will win first prize in the drawing competition
— Nobody can know the result until it ________ tomorrow morning.
A. will announce 　　 B. will be announced
C. is announced 　　 D. announces
6. (南通崇川二模) — Mum, my classmates are playing outside. Can I join them
— Not until your homework ________.
A. finishes　　 B. is finished
C. will be finished　　 D. will finish
7. (南通如皋一模) — How ________ the forest fire in Liangshan _____
— Lightning hit a tree and it caught fire.
A. does; cause　　 B. is; caused
C. did; cause 　　 D. was; caused
8. (盐城建湖二模) Today Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world.
A. speak　　 B. was spoken
C. spoke　　 D. is spoken
9. (宜昌) — It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
— I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. were killing 　　 B. were killed
C. killed　　 D. had killed
课时8　Unit 8
高频词汇
考点1 serious adj. 认真的，严肃的(教材P106 Welcome)
[知识精讲] serious的比较级是more serious，最高级是most serious，副词形式为seriously。
nothing serious 没什么严重的
seriously/badly/terribly ill 病得严重
考点精练1
1. (泰州海陵二模) — It is reported that fewer and fewer people are shopping in Lotte Mart.
— If the situation is so ________，maybe the supermarket will be closed someday.
A. heavy B. popular
C. strong　　 D. serious
考点2 punish vt. 处罚，惩罚(教材P109 Reading)
[知识精讲] punish是及物动词，过去式和过去分词都是punished；其名词形式为punishment，意为“处罚；惩罚”。
punish sb. for sth. 因某事而惩罚某人
考点精练2
2. (南充) The children were ________(punish) for telling lies.
3. To manage throwing things from the high sky requires more serious ___________(punish).
考点3 depend vi. 依靠，依赖，指望(教材P109 Reading)
[知识精讲] depend一般不用于进行时中。它是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语，跟宾语时要加介词on或upon。
depend on/upon后面跟名词或代词。depend on/upon sb./sth. 依靠/指望某人/某物。如：
We depended on ourselves and overcame all the difficulties.
我们依靠我们自己并克服了所有的困难。
考点精练3
4. (东营) — I’m going to learn some basic life skills, like cooking, washing clothes and tidying the rooms.
— So am I. We shouldn’t always ________ our parents.
A. look after　　 B. depend on
C. take pride in　　 D. get on with
考点4 harm vt.伤害；损害(教材P114 Grammar)
[知识精讲] harm既可以作及物动词，又可以作不可数名词，意为“危害，害处”。harmful，形容词，意为“有害的”；harmless，形容词，意为“无害的，不会导致损伤的”；do harm to ＝ be harmful to 对……有害。如：
I have never harmed anybody.
我从未伤害过任何人。
考点精练4
5. (盐城) Greenhouse gases are ________(harm) to the environment.
6. This kind of water is ___________(harm), so you can drink it without worrying.
易混词汇
考点1 simple与easy(教材P118 Task)
[知识精讲] simple指形式、结构等简单，反义词是complex(复杂的) ，副词形式是simply，意为“简单地；朴素地；简直”；easy指内容、程度等简单，反义词是 difficult(难的)，副词形式是easily，意为“轻易地；容易地”。
考点精练1
1. “Reading Pavilion”，which entered Luhe Library this spring, has made it ________ for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.
A. easy