鲁教版初中英语中考二轮复习 专题六形容词和副词课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
形容词和副词
考点1
形容词
1.形容词的用法
用法 例句
作定语,放在名词之前,复合不定代词之后 Mr.Wang is a funny teacher.
王老师是一位有趣的老师。
There’s something new in today’s newspaper.
在今天的报纸上有新的消息。
作表语,放在系动词之后 It’s very cold today.今天非常冷。
作宾语补足语,放在keep, find, make等动词的宾语之后 Don’t keep the window open.别让窗户开着。
拓展“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物。常见的形容词有rich, poor, young, old, deaf, blind, wounded, dying等。
Good eating habits are good for the health of the old.
良好的饮食习惯有益于老年人的健康。
Mike’s mother always encourages him to give money to the poor.
迈克的妈妈总是鼓励他给穷人捐钱。
2.形容词的构词法
(1)名词变形容词
构词法 例词
n.+ y wind→windy, health→healthy
特殊:sun→sunny, noise→noisy
n.+ ern west→western, north→northern
n.+ ful success→successful, harm→harmful
特殊:beauty→beautiful
n.+ ous danger→dangerous, humor→humorous,
特殊:mystery→mysterious, fame→famous
n.+ ish fool→foolish, child→childish
构词法 例词
n.+ able fashion→fashionable, value→valuable
n.+ al nation→national, music→musical
特殊:culture→cultural, nature→natural
n.+ ly friend→friendly, love→lovely
n.+ en wood→wooden, gold→golden
ce变成t difference→different,
importance→important
其他 science→scientific, energy→energetic,
society→social, day→daily,
pride→proud, pleasure→pleasant
(2)动词变形容词
构词法 例词
v.+ able enjoy→enjoyable, comfort→comfortable
v.+ ed interest→interested, relax→relaxed
特殊:surprise→surprised, excite→excited
v.(y变i)+ ed　　　 marry→married, worry→worried
v.+ ing interest→interesting, relax→relaxing
特殊:surprise→surprising, excite→exciting
v.+ ive act→active　
特殊:create→creative
前缀a+v. live→alive, sleep→asleep, wake→awake
注意以 ed结尾的形容词修饰人;以 ing结尾的形容词修饰物。
The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited.
比赛非常激动人心,人们非常激动。
(3)形容词变反义词
构词法 例词
前缀un usual→unusual, fair→unfair
前缀im polite→impolite, possible→impossible
前缀in expensive→inexpensive, active→inactive
前缀dis honest→dishonest
后缀 less care→careless, home→homeless
即学即练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2022·宿迁改编)Amy did very well in her report. She is 　　　　(care) enough to pay attention to every detail.
2.—So many people are talking and laughing loudly on the subway.
—Yes. It is too 　　　　(noise). I can’t stand it.
3.Soft music can help us fall 　　　　(sleep) faster and wake up less during the night.
careful
noisy
asleep
4.Our teacher often warns us it’s 　　　 　(danger) to leave much personal information on the Internet.
5.As teenagers, we shouldn’t waste our 　　　　(value) time.
6.It’s said that this kind of animal can be found only in the 　　　　(west) part of our country.
7.As a good teacher, she is never 　　 　　(patient) with her students.
dangerous
valuable
western
impatient
Ⅱ.选词填空
creative, nervous, perfect, tired, comfortable
1.(2022·江西)I only got four hours of sleep last night, so I feel 　　　　today.
2.(2022·黄冈)—I hear your parents have moved to the village.
—Yes. The countryside is more 　　　 　than before.
3.(2022·营口)—I’m so 　　　　because the interview is coming.
—Don’t worry! Maybe listening to some soft music is helpful.
4.No one is 　　　　. The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop.
tired
comfortable
nervous
perfect
5.(2023·东营)—Father’s Day is coming! What are you going to do for your father
—I will make a short video about his daily life.
—Wow! It’s a 　　　 　idea.
creative
考点2
副词
1.副词的用法
副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子,在句中作状语。
用法 例句
副词放在形容词或副词之前 I’m very happy. 我非常高兴。
副词一般放在动词之后 Look at the photo carefully.
仔细看看这张照片。
副词修饰整个句子时,一般放在句首 Luckily, he won the game.
幸运的是,他赢得了比赛。
注意少数地点副词和时间副词作定语,放在被修饰的名词之后。
The people there are very friendly. 那里的人很友好。
2.形容词变副词的规则
变化规则 例词
直接加 ly careful→carefully, quiet→quietly
辅音字母加 y结尾的单词,变y为i,再加 ly easy→easily, angry→angrily,
happy→happily, heavy→heavily
以le结尾的单词,去e,再加 y possible→possibly, simple→simply,
terrible→terribly,
comfortable→comfortably
特殊单词 true→truly
注意形容词和副词形式一致的单词:fast, early, hard, high, late等。
即学即练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2022·绥化)The specials in the restaurant taste 　　　　and sell 　　　　. Many customers come here on weekends.(good)
2.(2022·日照)Reading 　　　　(wide) will make you a wise man.　
3.(2022·辽宁)Miss Ye is hard on us sometimes, but she 　　　　(true) cares about everyone.
4.Jack is a(n) 　　 　　(honest) boy. He always makes up some excuses for doing something wrong.
5.They understand better than anyone about how to stay 　　　　(health).
6.I got up late this morning, but 　　　　(luck), I got to school on time.
good
well
widely
truly
dishonest
healthy
luckily
Ⅱ.选词填空
heavily, never, especially, directly, actually
1.(2022·常州)The summer vacation is coming. Don’t swim in the lake,
　　 　　when you are alone.
2.(2022·荆州)—Does Ann work in the bank
—No. 　　　 　, she is an English teacher.
3.(2022·天津)Although he failed many times, he 　　　　gave up his dream.
4.Although it is raining 　　　　, the policemen are still on duty in the street.
5.The lady said she didn’t want others to take a message. She wanted to speak to the reporter 　　　　.
especially
Actually
never
heavily
directly
考点3
形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词的比较等级的构成
(1)规则变化
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
直接在词尾加 er, est tall taller tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单词加 r, st late large later larger latest
largest
以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的单词,双写该辅音字母,再加 er, est big hot bigger hotter biggest
hottest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,变y为i,再加 er, est happy early happier earlier happiest
earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词前加more, most careful more careful most
careful
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
old older oldest
elder eldest
注意elder与older的区别
elder指“年长的”,常修饰人,主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系;older指“年纪较大的;较老的;较旧的”,修饰人或物,常用于than之前。
elder brother 哥哥,elder sister姐姐
He is two years older than me.他比我大两岁。
2.原级的用法
用法 例句
被程度副词very, so, too, quite, enough等词修饰时 The boy is too young.
这个男孩太小了。
“as+原级+as...”表示“和……一样……” Tom is as tall as Mary.
汤姆和玛丽一样高。
“not as/so+原级+as...”表示“不如……” I can’t run as fast as you.
我不如你跑得快。
“倍数+as+原级+as”表示“……的几倍” Our house is twice as big as theirs.
我们的房子是他们的房子的两倍大。
3.比较级的用法
用法 例句
句中有than,用比较级 He is younger than me.
他比我小。
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……” Our country is becoming better and better.
我们的国家正变得越来越好。
“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……,(就)越……” The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes.
离地面越高,空气就越稀薄。
用法 例句
在两者之间选择时,用比较级 Who is taller, Tom or Mike
谁更高,汤姆还是迈克
“倍数+比较级+than”表示“……的几倍” This street is four times longer than that one. 这条街道比那条街道长四倍。
“the+比较级+of the two...”表示“(两者中)较……的一个” Tom is the taller of the two boys.
汤姆是两个男孩中较高的一个。
注意much, even, far, a little, a lot, a bit等词可以修饰比较级,表示程度更深。
She is much younger than I expect.
她比我预料的要年轻得多。
4.最高级的用法
用法 例句
“最高级+of/in+比较范围”表示“……中最……” Miller jumps highest in his class.
米勒在他班跳得最高。
“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一” The light bulb is one of the most helpful inventions.灯泡是最有用的发明之一。
“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数”表示“第几最……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
三者或三者以上比较时,用最高级 Who is the shortest, John, Jack or Tom 谁最矮,约翰、杰克还是汤姆
句中有among表示“在……中”时,用最高级 Mary dances best among the girls.
在女孩中,玛丽跳舞跳得最好。
拓展特殊的形容词比较级结构表示最高级的含义
(1)比较级+than+any other+名词单数
The Nile is longer than any other river in the world.
=The Nile is the longest river in the world.
尼罗河是世界上最长的河。
(2)比较级+than+the other+名词复数
Tom is taller than the other students in his class.
=Tom is the tallest student in his class.
汤姆是他班里最高的学生。
注意形容词最高级前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、指示代词修饰时前面不能有the。
Monday is our busiest day.
星期一是我们最忙的一天。
即学即练
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·龙东地区)My hair is as 　　　　(long) as Lily’s. We’re twin sisters.
2.(2022·北京)After taking tennis classes, Tim is much 　　　　(strong) than last year.
3.(2023·青岛崂山区二模)The African elephant is the 　　　 　(heavy) animal in the zoo.
4.(2023·乌鲁木齐八中三模)I think Bob is the suitable person to take the job because he can do the work well with 　　　　(little) money and
　　　　(few) people.
long
stronger
heaviest
less
fewer
5.(2023·青岛李沧区二模)Spending too much time playing games at night will make you feel even 　　　　(bad) because you can’t sleep well.
6.Confucius(孔子) is one of the 　　　 　(famous) thinkers and philosophers in Chinese history.
7.(2022·昆明改编)The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the
　　　　(good) it will be for our future.
8.(2022·岳阳)With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have become more and 　　　 　(convenient).
worse
most famous
better
more convenient
专题精练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·扬州)Slow cooking seems to hold the taste of the meat much
　　　　(good).
2.(2023·成都)The Book of Songs is the 　　　　(early) collection of poems in China and the beginning of China’s poetry tradition.
3.(2023·达州)Because of the heavy rain, my dad drove me home as
　　　 　(care) as he could that day.
4.(2023·龙东地区改编)I don’t like to sit on these wooden chairs. They are
　　　 　(comfort).
better
earliest
carefully
uncomfortable
5.(2023·北京市朝阳区二模)Paper cutting is one of 　　 　　(popular) activities among teenagers.
6.—While reading, the 　　　 　(careful) you are, the 　 　　　(easy) you can find answers in the article.
—I can’t agree more.
7.(2023·梧州市调研)—Do you know who jumped highest in the sports meeting
—David did. And Daniel jumped the second 　　　　(high).
8.“Garbage classification” makes it 　　　　(easy) for people to protect the environment than before.
9.(2023·上海市黄浦区三模)The farmer was very　　　　 (thank) to the doctor because he saved his wife’s life.
the most popular
more careful
more easily
highest
easier
thankful
10.We like our math teacher very much. She always makes her classes interesting and 　　　　(live).
11.(2022·无锡)Jerry studied many languages 　　　　(simple) for pleasure.
12.(2022·镇江)Millie is interested in biology and she often records the
　　　　(nature) beauty in the park.
13.I love China and I am 　　　　(pride) of being Chinese.
14.(2022·武威)It’s good manners to behave 　　　　(polite) at home as well as in public.
15.(2023·上海市黄浦区三模)Cheating in the exam is considered as a(n)
　　　　 (honest)act and it’s not allowed.　
lively
simply
natural
proud
politely
dishonest
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.(2023·天津)The grapes are very 　　　　(easy/lazy/boring/fresh)and they also taste good.
2.(2023·东营)—Tom, your elder sister is taking an online class. Could you please speak 　　　　(quietly/clearly/loudly/politely)
—OK, Mom.
3.(2023·安徽)From my childhood, I 　　　　(clearly/patiently/suddenly/
politely) remember my parents working hard day and night.
4.(2023·荆州)—The food in the restaurant is great, isn’t it
—Yes, it’s fine. I just don’t like the environment. The music is too
　　　　(talented/useful/noisy/beautiful).
fresh
quietly
clearly
noisy
5.(2023·滨州)—How amazing ChatGPT is!
—Yes. The new invention makes it quite 　　 　　(late/simple/natural/
difficult) for people to write papers and stories.
6.—I can’t afford this white T shirt. Would you please show me another one
—What about the yellow one Its price is 　　 　　(cheap/expensive/high/
low).
7.(2023·东营实验中学一模)More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as 　　　 (valuable/difficult/special/
comfortable) as mountains of gold and silver.
simple
low
valuable
8.(2023·福建)—To tell the truth, I am now feeling very 　　 　　(peaceful/
nervous/confident).
—Take it easy. You’ll make it.
9.(2023·东营实验中学一模)In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible, the drivers 　　　　(nearly/hardly/badly/mostly) stopped to eat or rest during the journey.
10.(2022·东营)Bing Dwen Dwen, a mascot(吉祥物) for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, is so 　　　　(shy/cute/small/heavy) that tens of thousands of people would like to get one.
nervous
hardly
cute
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.他跟他姐姐一样学习很努力。
2.你游泳没有你弟弟好。
3.今天比昨天热得多。
4.他比我大两岁。
5.他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He studies as hard as his sister.
You can’t swim as well as your brother.
It is much hotter today than it was yesterday.
He is two years older than I.
He is becoming more and more interested in English.
6.他吃得越多,他就变得越胖。
7.他是中国最著名的音乐家之一。
8.海南岛是中国第二大岛。
9.通常汤姆在做作业上比我花的时间更少。
10.她妈妈常常比任何其他家人起床更早。
The more he eats, the fatter he gets.
He is one of the most famous musicians in China.
Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.
Usually Tom spends less time in doing homework than I.
Her mother often gets up earlier than any other family.
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Two teachers were sitting in the teachers’ room. For a moment they kept 1.　　　　(silence). Then one of them, Miss Smith, said, “I’m
2.　　　　(afraid) I’d have to fail him!”
“Now Alice,” said her friend, Mrs.Jackson.“Is he so 3.　　　　(terribly) a student ”
“That’s just the trouble!” Miss Smith answered. “Tom was ever my
4.　　　　(good) student. The problem is that he is so lazy that he never gets his work done. He hasn’t handed me a piece of homework for three weeks.”
Mrs.Jackson had never seen Miss Smith look so 5.　　 　　(worry) before. “Have you had a word with him about it ” she asked.
silent
afraid
terrible
best
worried
“Why should I He knows he has to get ready for his lessons and do his homework. I made that very 6.　　　　(clearly) on the first day for class. I don’t know what has happened. When the lessons started, he did so
7.　　　　(good) that I even thought about asking the school to give him a scholarship(奖学金). But he has changed. He even fell 8.　　　　(sleep) in class!I’ve never seen such a change in a student.”
clear
well
asleep
“You should have a talk with him. Give him a chance to tell his idea,” said Mrs.Jackson.
Miss Smith spoke to Tom and learned all about it. He was studying all day and working most of the night in a factory to pay for his schooling. Of course he was 9.　　　　(tiring) and sometimes could hardly keep awake in class. Miss Smith soon made the school give a scholarship and he was able to work hard at his lessons. Tom is even 10.　　　 　(hard working) than before.
tired
more hard working
Ⅴ.完形填空
Zhu Yanjun, 50, is a migrant worker(农民工) from Weigou Village in Pingliang, Gansu Province. He has only a junior high school education, but he 　1　 won a silver medal(奖牌) in Chinese Poetry Competition, a TV show about Chinese poetry, on February 3. That really made many people　2　.
“We grew up together. He showed　3　 in poetry when he was a child,” said Zhu’s neighbor Zhang Dong. “He 　4　 wrote down poems he got from watching TV, and　5　the poems in reference(参考) books to find out their meanings.”
Zhu reads and studies poetry almost every day. After　6　 a notice to attend the TV show last December, Zhu spent more time reciting poems. “I was very　7　, because it was the first time I had shown myself in such a 　8　 program,” he said.
Zhu didn’t think much about the results. The largest gain(收获) for him was that he made many 　9　. They all like poetry. “Learning from them, I will continue to study poetry,” he said. “I hope I can help people around me 　10　 the beauty of Chinese poetry.”
1.A.nearly B.hardly
C.finally　 D.probably
2.A.angry　 B.surprised　
C.afraid　 D.worried
3.A.care B.interest
C.surprise　 D.meaning
4.A.never　 B.sometimes
C.usually D.hardly
5.A.looked up B.took in　
C.picked up　 D.looked down
6.A.getting B.sending　
C.writing　 D.requiring
7.A.sad　 B.bored　
C.nervous D.tired
8.A.boring B.common 　
C.meaningless D.famous
9.A.relatives B.groups　
C.friends　 D.members
10.A.take　 B.show　
C.read　 D.enjoy
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