鲁教版初中英语中考二轮复习 专题九　被动语态(共12张PPT)

(共12张PPT)
被动语态
考点1
常考的被动语态
类型 构成 例句
一般现在时 的被动语态 am/is/are+ 过去分词 The room is cleaned every day.这个房间每天都被打扫。
一般过去时 的被动语态 was/were+ 过去分词 The lost ring was found the next day.
丢失的那枚戒指第二天找到了。
一般将来时 的被动语态 will/shall+ be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.运动会将在明天举行。
含有情态动词 的被动语态 情态动词+ be+过去分词 Your English must be improved.
你的英语水平必须提高。
注意在被动语态中,谓语动词必须是及物动词。基本结构是“be+及物动词的过去分词”,时态的变化由be动词的变化体现出来。
考点2
被动语态的用法
1.不知道动作的执行者是谁
The window in the classroom was broken yesterday.
昨天,教室的窗户被打破了。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者
Finally, the thief was caught.
最后,小偷被抓住了。
3.需要强调动作的承受者
These books are written especially for children.
这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
考点3
主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况
1.带双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。如果将直接宾语转化成主语,要在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
Mike gave me a pen.→
I was given a pen by Mike.
(间接宾语me变为主语I)
A pen was given to me by Mike.
(直接宾语a pen变为主语)
拓展常见的跟双宾语的动词有:give, tell, buy, pass, lend, offer等。
2.感官动词和使役动词的主动语态变被动语态
主动语态中感官动词(see, hear, watch等)和使役动词(make, let, have等)后跟省略to的动词不定式,变为被动语态时,要加上to。
We saw her get out of the classroom.→
She was seen to get out of the classroom.
The boss made John work for 12 hours every day.→
John was made to work for 12 hours every day.
3.动词短语的主动语态变为被动语态
句中谓语动词是动词短语,变为被动语态时,要注意其完整性。
Jack turned on the TV just now.→
The TV was turned on by Jack just now.
考点4
主动语态表示被动意义
1.look, sound, smell, taste等系动词用主动结构表示被动意义。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来很合理。
2.be worth doing意为“值得做”,表示被动意义。
The way is worth trying. 这个办法值得尝试。
3.“need/want/require+doing sth.”表示被动意义,相当于“need/want/require+to be done”。
My clothes need washing.
=My clothes need to be washed.
我的衣服需要洗了。
4.sell, wash, write, cook等词作不及物动词且其主语是物时,用主动结构表示被动意义。
These books sell well.这些书很畅销。
This kind of meat cooks easily.
这种肉很容易烹饪。
专题精练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·河北)Breakfast 　　 　　(provide) every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
2.(2023·岳阳)The panda Yaya 　　 　　(bring) back to China on April 27th, 2023.
3.(2023·天津)Some photos of the moon 　　 　　(show) in the Space Club next week.
4.Teenagers should 　　 　　(encourage) to do some social work for their community.
is provided
was brought
will be shown
be encouraged
5.(2023·孝感)—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day
—Of course. Chinese 　　 　　(speak) by more and more people around the world nowadays.
6.(2023·江西)Hou Yi 　　　 　(give) magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, and then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
7.(2023·福建)Modern technologies 　　 　　(use) in the 19th Asian Games in September, 2023.
8.These novels written by Lu Xun are really worth 　　　　(read).
9.Leo was late for class. So he was made 　　　　(clean) the classroom after school.
10.—Mmm, the meat is cooked well and 　　　　(smell) good!
—Of course! You know my father is a good cook.
is spoken
was given
will be used
reading
to clean
smells
Ⅱ.语法填空
Once upon a time, an eagle(老鹰) was playing when he suddenly saw a beautiful hen. The eagle came near the hen and said, “My pretty hen, I
1.　　　 　(move) greatly by your beauty. Will you be my wife ”
The hen 2.　　 　　(scare) by what the eagle said because the eagle was so strong. Her husband, the cock had gone out to look for food and her kids had gone away somewhere to play with other children. The hen quickly answered, “Of course, I will. You 3.　　 　　(admire) by me for a long time. But let me first grow wings like yours, so I can fly as high as you.” The eagle replied, “OK! This ring 4.　　 　　(send) to you as a sign of our betrothal(订婚) if you can marry me.” After a short while, the eagle added, “The ring should 5.　　　　(tie) around your neck till I return.”
am moved
was scared
have been admired
will be sent
be tied
The hen 6.　　　　(agree) to do so, and the eagle flew away.
When the cock met the hen the next day, he was surprised to see the ring around her neck. He said, “Where did you get that ring It must
7. 　　　 　(throw) away.”
The hen did this and the cock was cheerful again. But at the weekend, the eagle came again. The frightened hen hid herself behind her door but soon she 8.　　 　　(find) out. Suddenly the eagle cried, “Where is the ring that I gave you Why aren’t you wearing it ”
agreed
be thrown
was found
The hen was very scared and said, “Forgive me! I lost it yesterday. I was walking in the garden when I met a large snake. I was so frightened that I ran fast. When I got home, I couldn’t find it.”
The eagle looked at the hen angrily and said, “I don’t believe you. You
9.　　 　　(hurt) me already. I will punish you if you don’t marry me. I will catch all your chickens from you. But I 10. 　　 　　(promise) to forgive you only if you find my ring. Goodbye!”
Ever since, all the hens in the world have been scratching(轻刨) the ground to find the eagle’s ring.
have hurt
will promise