鲁教版初中英语中考二轮复习 专题十五　宾语从句(共13张PPT)

(共13张PPT)
宾语从句
考点1
引导词
在复合句中,起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语。
引导词 用法 例句
that 本身无意义,只起连接作用,可省略 The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow.
收音机说明天要下雨。
引导词 用法 例句
if/whether 意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略 He asks me if/whether I have ever been to Weihai.
他问我是否曾经去过威海。
只用whether不用if的情况:与or not连用时;在介词之后时 She wanted to know whether I could pass the exam or not.
她想知道我是否能通过考试。
连接代词who, whose, whom, what, which等 在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等 Can you tell me what he said to you
你能告诉我他跟你说了什么吗
连接副词when, where, why, how等 在宾语从句中作状语 Tom had no idea when his mother would go to Tianjin.汤姆不知道妈妈什么时候去天津。
拓展
(1)区分if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句
类型 含义 时态
宾语从句 是否 主句是过去时,从句相应地变成过去某种时态
主句是现在时,从句按实际情况确定时态
条件状 语从句 如果 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作
I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.
我想知道明天是否要下雨。(宾语从句)
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t have a sports meeting.
如果明天下雨,我们就不开运动会。(条件状语从句)
(2)区分when引导的宾语从句和时间状语从句
类型 含义 时态
宾语从句 什么时候 主句是过去时,从句相应地变成过去某种时态
主句是现在时,从句按实际情况确定时态
时间状 语从句 当……时 从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作
I wonder when he will leave for Zibo.
我想知道他什么时候要去淄博。(宾语从句)
When he comes back, I’ll call you.
当他回来时,我会给你打电话。(时间状语从句)
考点2
语序
宾语从句一律用陈述语序,即:主语+谓语+其他。
The teacher asked me why I was late this morning.
老师问我今天早晨为什么迟到了。
He asked what was wrong with you.
他问你怎么了。
考点3
时态
用法 例句
主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况使用相应的时态 He wants to know where you went yesterday.
他想知道你昨天去哪里了。
主句是过去的某种时态,宾语从句应用过去的某种时态 Jim told me that he was getting ready for the exam.
吉姆告诉我他正在为考试做准备。
宾语从句是客观事实或真理时,其时态不受主句时态的影响,仍用一般现在时 She said that the sun rises in the east.
她说太阳从东方升起。
注意 句型“Could you do sth. ”表示请求时,could不是过去式,只表达委婉的语气。从句的时态不受主句的影响。
Could you tell me what Helen is doing
你能告诉我海伦正在做什么吗
考点4
宾语从句的简化
1.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree等时,宾语从句可简化为不定式。
I hope that I can receive your reply.
=I hope to receive your reply.
我希望能收到你的答复。
2.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
I don’t know what I should say.
=I don’t know what to say.
我不知道要说什么。
专题精练
Ⅰ.用适当的引导词填空
1.(2023·云南改编)—Do you know 　　　　the 19th Asian Games will be held
—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.
2.(2023·成都)—Do you know 　　　　the Dragon Boat Festival is this year
—Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.
3.(2023·荆州)—Could you tell us 　　　　we can start a conversation with a foreigner
—Talking about weather is a common way.
where
when
how
4.(2023·东营实验中学一模)We cannot find the owner of the purse because no one knows 　　　 　it belongs to.
5.I wonder 　　　　they will go on with their research work or not.
6.Lucy told me 　　　　the famous singer would come to China the next week.
7.(2023·合肥四十二中三模)—Could you tell me 　　　　you will go to the hospital
—Sure. My grandpa is ill, and I want to look after him.
who/whom
whether
that
why
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2023·绥化)She said that the earth 　　　　(travel) around the sun.
2.My brother said he 　　　 　(go) to meet his friend the next day.
3.I’m waiting for my friend. If she 　　 　　(not come), I’ll go shopping alone.
4.I wonder if my uncle 　　 　　(come) tomorrow.
5.—Excuse me, could you tell me when the concert 　 　　　(start)
—At 7 o’clock tomorrow evening.
6.Could you tell us where he 　　 　　(mend) his bike at that time
7.I don’t know when he 　　 　　(come) back. When he 　　　　(arrive) here, I’ll call you in a minute.　
travels
would go
doesn’t come
will come
will start
was mending
will come
arrives
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.他想知道你是否去过医院。(wonder)
2.我想知道刘慈欣出生在什么时候。(born)
3.雷锋在日记中解释了他的梦想是什么。(explain)
4.你知道昨晚他为什么熬夜那么晚吗 (stay up)
5.我不知道我应该买谁的小说。(novel)
He wonders if/whether you have been to the hospital.
I wonder when Liu Cixin was born.
Lei Feng explained what his dream was in his diary.
Do you know why he stayed up so late last night
I don’t know whose novel I should buy.