【寒假学案】2024年人教版初二英语寒假教材 第九讲 完形填空 做题技巧+专题训练 (含答案)
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| 名称 | 【寒假学案】2024年人教版初二英语寒假教材 第九讲 完形填空 做题技巧+专题训练 (含答案) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-28 15:27:06 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第九讲 完形填空做题技巧+专题训练
考查能力
完型填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。
短文长度300词左右，记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在，且结尾多有升华总结；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。
二、命题原则
实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化。
实词一般占80%-90%，实词中偏重对动词和名词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其他词类的考查。试题以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近年趋近于零。
三、命题特点（轻语法，重逻辑）
1首句不设空：首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测文章大意，一般5-10词设一空，人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列；
2选项特点：小题的四个选项一般是同一词类或属于同一范畴，或近义词或形异义，干扰大、迷性大；
3 设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设置题目
①句子层面：在理解本句的基础上，找到空格前后重要信息点选出正确答案；
②句组层面：联系理解前一句或后一句才可能选出正确答案；
③语篇层面：理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章才选出正确答案。
四、解题策略
1 注重首句，浏览全文，掌握大意。
①应用阅读技能，进行缺词阅读。
②注意手段和末段以及每个段落的首句
2 注重语境，瞻前顾后 ，试填答案。
①先填固定搭配，习惯表达与基本句型这些容易的空格
②对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲，力争突破难点。
3 通读全文，检查核对，确保最佳。
五、答题方法：
1择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案；
2 排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按照空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。
六、做题步骤
1.速读：初读全文，跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意，抓住主题。
完形填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意，不要急于看选项，找答案。应通篇浏览文章，掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。也不要拘泥于个别细节，否则难以达到整体上的把握。
2.精读：精读细研，初填试选，抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。
再读时，可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空，即常见完形填空的7种命题角度：语境推断；词汇复现；生活常识；固定搭配；逻辑推理；推理判断；语法知识
3.复读：再次阅读文章，瞻前顾后，反复推敲，检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。
对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词，可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。即：先看前后搭配是否符合语法；再看上下文意思是否通顺；后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景，从而选出正确的答案。
填完所有空格以后，还需要进行最后的校核。考试时，校核最好在检查完其他试题之后进行。因为刚做完完形填空题，考生的思路仍留在原来的线上，如稍隔一段时间或做一些其他题目，回头再复读全文，从语感上体会文章是否通顺，校核所填的词是否合理，前后是否连贯，结构是否完整，就可以从另一个角度来观察一切，从而提高答题的准确率。
重要总结：
1.同词复现的查找（空格前后文查找同一个单词）
2.选项里面有but,直接选but.如有so/because/but 同时出现在选项中，那就把选项答案都放进空格里翻译一遍再选出正确答案。
3.选项中出现这些单词suddenly/luckily/however/hard/difficult/easy等词一般都为正确答案。
4.首尾呼应（第一段出题，先第一段找同词复现，找不到，就去最后一个自然段查找同词复现）
5.最后一段经典句型考点：
1.I never （必选forget）我从没有忘记.......
2.I always (必选remember)我一直记得......
课后练习
1
词语填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Mr. Green was unfriendly, Kids all knew not to go into his garden to pick an apple because he would come after them 11 with his stick (棍子) .
One day, 12-year-old Janet was walking out with her friend Amy. They had to 12_ Mr. Green's house. 13 they got close, Janet saw him sitting at his front door. Like most, she was afraid of the old man. But Amy said, Don't 14 ."
When they got close enough, Mr. Green took an unfriendly look 15 , but when he saw it was Amy, he gave a big smile, Amy smiled back and told him that Janet was her best friend and that they were going to listen to music and play games. Mr. Green said that 16 fun, and gave them each an apple.
Later, Janet asked Amy in 17 , “Why was he so nice to us ".
Amy replied, "At first I was 18 too. But my grandma told me not be afraid and to imagine that he was smiling at me."
"imagine a smile " asked Janet.
"Yes. If I smile back at 19 . sooner or later he will really smile," answered Amy. "After some time, he started smiling real smiles and even talked to me. Now he always gives me an apple, and is always very kind."
If we remember to smile at others, most people can't 20 our smiles and they will smile back.
( )11. A. angrily B. happily C. sadly
( )12. A. go B. pass C. visit
( )13. A. If B Though C. When
( )14. A. smile B. worry C. shout
( )15. A. at last B. at least C. as usual
( )16. A. felt B. listened C. sounded
( )17. A. need B. surprise C. danger
( )18. A. friendly B. interested C. afraid
( )19. A. us B. me C. him
( )20. A. refuse B. get C. send
(2)
When I was 14, I left school and went on my way to California, looking for my dream.
One day, I met a bum(流浪汉) on a street corner. He asked me ____1____ I had run away from home. “Not really” I said, as my father gave me a ride to the train station.
After talking for a while, the bum said he had something ____2____ to show me. I followed him into a public library nearby. A moment later he got several old books.
He sat beside me and said, “It’s important to follow your ____3____. young man. But there are two things I want to ____4____ you.”
“Number one: never judge a book by its ____5____ for it may fool you.” He spoke to me ____6____, “I’m sure you think I’m a bum, don’t you ” I said “Yes. I guess so, sir.”
“Well, I’ve got a ____7____ for you. In fact, I am one of the richest men in the world. But I found there were certain things I had not yet experienced, so since the past year I have travelled from city to city living as a bum.”
“The second thing is to know the importance of ____8____ he continued,” There is only one thing that people can’t ____9____ from you, and that is your wisdom(智慧). “He held my hands in his and put them on those books.”
The man left me where we first met. Two days later, I went back to my ____10____, because I realized it was where my dream started.
1. A. if B. why C. how
2. A. private B. felted C. valuable
3. A. dream B. advice C. progress
4. A. help B. teach C. provide
5. A. size B. picture C. cover
6. A. softly B. angrily C. nervously
7. A. test B. prize C. surprise
8. A. touring B. writing C. reading
9. A. give away B. take away C. keep away
10. A. school B. journey C. competition
（3）
Summer is coming. Luckily, we have air conditioners and refrigerators (冰箱). How did Chinese people stay cool during the summer ____11____ they had these electric devices (设备)
The most common way people in ancient China kept ____12____ was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.
Chinese people also started using porcelain pillows(瓷枕) during the Sui Dynasty. These pillows felt cool, so people could ____13____ more comfortably on them.
People in ancient times didn’t have refrigerators to ____14____ food. Instead, they collected ice in ____15____ and stored it underground, sometimes in wells. When the summer came, they took the ice ____16____ and put it in their living rooms to stay cool.
Government officials and members of the emperor family had better ways to beat the ____17____. As early as the Han Dynasty, some people used a device that was ____18____ to modern electrical fans. It was made up of a wheel and several fan blades (叶片). A person would pull a rope connected to the wheel to make the blades spin around and produce a breeze.
During the Tang Dynasty, people found another way to ____19____ down their house. They built their ____20____ next to water and used machines to carry water to the roof. These man-made waterfalls brought cool air into the house.
31. A. before B. after C. when
32. A. warm B. dry C. cool
33. A. play B. sleep C. walk
34. A. count B. store C. cook
35. A. spring B. summer C. winter
36. A. in B. out C. beside
37. A. wind B. cold C. heat
38. A. different B. popular C. similar
39. A. cool B. take C. fall
40. A. houses B. refrigerators C. fans
（4）
I come from a small village in North China. Every year, when the Spring Festival comes，people can see red flowers on the window of my house. Of course，these flowers are not real and they are paper flowers. But ____21____ the cold winter days，these wonderful flowers make us feel ____22___. They can ____23____ my family and make us feel happy．But do you know who cuts them It is my grandmother and she is 70 years old now. With a few cuts, she can ____24___ in turning pieces of paper into a beautiful work of art．
When my grandma was a little girl，people ____25___ her as the most clumsy(笨拙的)child in her family. But one day, she saw her new ____26____ cut some beautiful red paper flowers. She was so ____27____ in it and decided to learn from the neighbor. Lots of paper was wasted and her fingers were cut many times, but she never ____28____. It took over ten years before my grandma could learn the skill of making paper art. The red flowers make her happy. Now, my grandmother is famous for her paper flowers and almost ____29____ in the village loves them.
The story of my grandma has shown us the way to succeed. As we know, happiness comes from hard work. ____30____ we want to achieve our dreams, we must work hard.
21. A. in B. at C. on
22. A. cold B. cool C. warm
23. A. clean up B. cheer up C. pickup
24. A. succeed B. imagine C. check
25. A. invented B. thought C. noticed
26. A. neighbor B. grandma C. grandpa
27. A. clear B. worried C. interested
28. A. gave up B. kept on C. depended on
29. A. everyone B. nothing C. someone
30. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whether
完形填空
One day, some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) animals got together in the forest. They were talking about which animal was the 16 . The pig said, “Pigs are the greatest because we have many 17 . I have twelve healthy little pigs.” He asked the sheep, “ 18 babies do you have ”
The sheep answered, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “Two.” Everyone 19 . A snake walked by and said, “I have fifty! ”
“So what ” said a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nother animal. Everyone turned around and saw a 20 . The snake asked the lion, “Why do you speak so You only have 21 . ”
The lion said, “I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only have one, 22 it is a lion. Only a lion can be the king of the forest. So lions are the best!”
The other animals coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dn’t think of 23 to say. They had many babies, but 24 of them could ever be as strong as a lion. “One valuable (有价值的) thing,” said the lion, “is much 25 than a hundred common ones.”
( )16. A. worst B. best C. shortest
( )17. A. babies B. houses C. friends
( )18. A. How much B. How often C. How many
( )19. A. cried B. left C. laughed
( )20. A. lion B. tiger C. panda
( )21. A. one B. two C. three
( )22. A. if B. so C. but
( )23. A. something B. everything C. anything
( )24. A. someone B. anyone C. none
( )25. A. worse B. better C. smarter
参考答案
11-15 ABCBC 16-20CBCCA
1-5ABABC 6-10 ACCBA
21-30 ACBBA BCACB
21-25CCBAB 26-30ACAAB
16-20 BACCA 21-25ACCCB
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第九讲 完形填空做题技巧+专题训练
考查能力
完型填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。
短文长度300词左右，记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在，且结尾多有升华总结；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。
二、命题原则
实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化。
实词一般占80%-90%，实词中偏重对动词和名词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其他词类的考查。试题以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近年趋近于零。
三、命题特点（轻语法，重逻辑）
1首句不设空：首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测文章大意，一般5-10词设一空，人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列；
2选项特点：小题的四个选项一般是同一词类或属于同一范畴，或近义词或形异义，干扰大、迷性大；
3 设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设置题目
①句子层面：在理解本句的基础上，找到空格前后重要信息点选出正确答案；
②句组层面：联系理解前一句或后一句才可能选出正确答案；
③语篇层面：理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章才选出正确答案。
四、解题策略
1 注重首句，浏览全文，掌握大意。
①应用阅读技能，进行缺词阅读。
②注意手段和末段以及每个段落的首句
2 注重语境，瞻前顾后 ，试填答案。
①先填固定搭配，习惯表达与基本句型这些容易的空格
②对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲，力争突破难点。
3 通读全文，检查核对，确保最佳。
五、答题方法：
1择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案；
2 排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按照空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。
六、做题步骤
1.速读：初读全文，跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意，抓住主题。
完形填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意，不要急于看选项，找答案。应通篇浏览文章，掌握文中的时间、地点、人物及事件。也不要拘泥于个别细节，否则难以达到整体上的把握。
2.精读：精读细研，初填试选，抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。
再读时，可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空，即常见完形填空的7种命题角度：语境推断；词汇复现；生活常识；固定搭配；逻辑推理；推理判断；语法知识
3.复读：再次阅读文章，瞻前顾后，反复推敲，检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。
对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词，可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。即：先看前后搭配是否符合语法；再看上下文意思是否通顺；后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景，从而选出正确的答案。
填完所有空格以后，还需要进行最后的校核。考试时，校核最好在检查完其他试题之后进行。因为刚做完完形填空题，考生的思路仍留在原来的线上，如稍隔一段时间或做一些其他题目，回头再复读全文，从语感上体会文章是否通顺，校核所填的词是否合理，前后是否连贯，结构是否完整，就可以从另一个角度来观察一切，从而提高答题的准确率。
重要总结：
1.同词复现的查找（空格前后文查找同一个单词）
2.选项里面有but,直接选but.如有so/because/but 同时出现在选项中，那就把选项答案都放进空格里翻译一遍再选出正确答案。
3.选项中出现这些单词suddenly/luckily/however/hard/difficult/easy等词一般都为正确答案。
4.首尾呼应（第一段出题，先第一段找同词复现，找不到，就去最后一个自然段查找同词复现）
5.最后一段经典句型考点：
1.I never （必选forget）我从没有忘记.......
2.I always (必选remember)我一直记得......
课后练习
1
词语填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Mr. Green was unfriendly, Kids all knew not to go into his garden to pick an apple because he would come after them 11 with his stick (棍子) .
One day, 12-year-old Janet was walking out with her friend Amy. They had to 12_ Mr. Green's house. 13 they got close, Janet saw him sitting at his front door. Like most, she was afraid of the old man. But Amy said, Don't 14 ."
When they got close enough, Mr. Green took an unfriendly look 15 , but when he saw it was Amy, he gave a big smile, Amy smiled back and told him that Janet was her best friend and that they were going to listen to music and play games. Mr. Green said that 16 fun, and gave them each an apple.
Later, Janet asked Amy in 17 , “Why was he so nice to us ".
Amy replied, "At first I was 18 too. But my grandma told me not be afraid and to imagine that he was smiling at me."
"imagine a smile " asked Janet.
"Yes. If I smile back at 19 . sooner or later he will really smile," answered Amy. "After some time, he started smiling real smiles and even talked to me. Now he always gives me an apple, and is always very kind."
If we remember to smile at others, most people can't 20 our smiles and they will smile back.
( )11. A. angrily B. happily C. sadly
( )12. A. go B. pass C. visit
( )13. A. If B Though C. When
( )14. A. smile B. worry C. shout
( )15. A. at last B. at least C. as usual
( )16. A. felt B. listened C. sounded
( )17. A. need B. surprise C. danger
( )18. A. friendly B. interested C. afraid
( )19. A. us B. me C. him
( )20. A. refuse B. get C. send
(2)
When I was 14, I left school and went on my way to California, looking for my dream.
One day, I met a bum(流浪汉) on a street corner. He asked me ____1____ I had run away from home. “Not really” I said, as my father gave me a ride to the train station.
After talking for a while, the bum said he had something ____2____ to show me. I followed him into a public library nearby. A moment later he got several old books.
He sat beside me and said, “It’s important to follow your ____3____. young man. But there are two things I want to ____4____ you.”
“Number one: never judge a book by its ____5____ for it may fool you.” He spoke to me ____6____, “I’m sure you think I’m a bum, don’t you ” I said “Yes. I guess so, sir.”
“Well, I’ve got a ____7____ for you. In fact, I am one of the richest men in the world. But I found there were certain things I had not yet experienced, so since the past year I have travelled from city to city living as a bum.”
“The second thing is to know the importance of ____8____ he continued,” There is only one thing that people can’t ____9____ from you, and that is your wisdom(智慧). “He held my hands in his and put them on those books.”
The man left me where we first met. Two days later, I went back to my ____10____, because I realized it was where my dream started.
1. A. if B. why C. how
2. A. private B. felted C. valuable
3. A. dream B. advice C. progress
4. A. help B. teach C. provide
5. A. size B. picture C. cover
6. A. softly B. angrily C. nervously
7. A. test B. prize C. surprise
8. A. touring B. writing C. reading
9. A. give away B. take away C. keep away
10. A. school B. journey C. competition
（3）
Summer is coming. Luckily, we have air conditioners and refrigerators (冰箱). How did Chinese people stay cool during the summer ____11____ they had these electric devices (设备)
The most common way people in ancient China kept ____12____ was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.
Chinese people also started using porcelain pillows(瓷枕) during the Sui Dynasty. These pillows felt cool, so people could ____13____ more comfortably on them.
People in ancient times didn’t have refrigerators to ____14____ food. Instead, they collected ice in ____15____ and stored it underground, sometimes in wells. When the summer came, they took the ice ____16____ and put it in their living rooms to stay cool.
Government officials and members of the emperor family had better ways to beat the ____17____. As early as the Han Dynasty, some people used a device that was ____18____ to modern electrical fans. It was made up of a wheel and several fan blades (叶片). A person would pull a rope connected to the wheel to make the blades spin around and produce a breeze.
During the Tang Dynasty, people found another way to ____19____ down their house. They built their ____20____ next to water and used machines to carry water to the roof. These man-made waterfalls brought cool air into the house.
31. A. before B. after C. when
32. A. warm B. dry C. cool
33. A. play B. sleep C. walk
34. A. count B. store C. cook
35. A. spring B. summer C. winter
36. A. in B. out C. beside
37. A. wind B. cold C. heat
38. A. different B. popular C. similar
39. A. cool B. take C. fall
40. A. houses B. refrigerators C. fans
（4）
I come from a small village in North China. Every year, when the Spring Festival comes，people can see red flowers on the window of my house. Of course，these flowers are not real and they are paper flowers. But ____21____ the cold winter days，these wonderful flowers make us feel ____22___. They can ____23____ my family and make us feel happy．But do you know who cuts them It is my grandmother and she is 70 years old now. With a few cuts, she can ____24___ in turning pieces of paper into a beautiful work of art．
When my grandma was a little girl，people ____25___ her as the most clumsy(笨拙的)child in her family. But one day, she saw her new ____26____ cut some beautiful red paper flowers. She was so ____27____ in it and decided to learn from the neighbor. Lots of paper was wasted and her fingers were cut many times, but she never ____28____. It took over ten years before my grandma could learn the skill of making paper art. The red flowers make her happy. Now, my grandmother is famous for her paper flowers and almost ____29____ in the village loves them.
The story of my grandma has shown us the way to succeed. As we know, happiness comes from hard work. ____30____ we want to achieve our dreams, we must work hard.
21. A. in B. at C. on
22. A. cold B. cool C. warm
23. A. clean up B. cheer up C. pickup
24. A. succeed B. imagine C. check
25. A. invented B. thought C. noticed
26. A. neighbor B. grandma C. grandpa
27. A. clear B. worried C. interested
28. A. gave up B. kept on C. depended on
29. A. everyone B. nothing C. someone
30. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whether
完形填空
One day, some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) animals got together in the forest. They were talking about which animal was the 16 . The pig said, “Pigs are the greatest because we have many 17 . I have twelve healthy little pigs.” He asked the sheep, “ 18 babies do you have ”
The sheep answered, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) “Two.” Everyone 19 . A snake walked by and said, “I have fifty! ”
“So what ” said a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nother animal. Everyone turned around and saw a 20 . The snake asked the lion, “Why do you speak so You only have 21 . ”
The lion said, “I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only have one, 22 it is a lion. Only a lion can be the king of the forest. So lions are the best!”
The other animals coul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dn’t think of 23 to say. They had many babies, but 24 of them could ever be as strong as a lion. “One valuable (有价值的) thing,” said the lion, “is much 25 than a hundred common ones.”
( )16. A. worst B. best C. shortest
( )17. A. babies B. houses C. friends
( )18. A. How much B. How often C. How many
( )19. A. cried B. left C. laughed
( )20. A. lion B. tiger C. panda
( )21. A. one B. two C. three
( )22. A. if B. so C. but
( )23. A. something B. everything C. anything
( )24. A. someone B. anyone C. none
( )25. A. worse B. better C. smarter
参考答案
11-15 ABCBC 16-20CBCCA
1-5ABABC 6-10 ACCBA
21-30 ACBBA BCACB
21-25CCBAB 26-30ACAAB
16-20 BACCA 21-25ACCCB
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