阅读理解（词义猜测题）
1.（2023·广东深圳 · 高三统考期末）
On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn
that Luna is anything but average.
Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design
a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.
“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with
Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.
“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their
talents with the world. ”
Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said.
"Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”
The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual
patient's heart condition.
“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not
alone.”
1 ．What can we learn from Chris' words
A ．It's unwise to raise money.
B ．It's optional to seek donations.
C ．It's wonderful to study art.
D ．It's necessary to show kids' talents.
2 ．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5
A ．I'm overjoyed. B ．['m very serious.
C ．My mind goes blank. D ．My mind is racing.
3 ．Which of the following best describes Luna
A ．Gifted and determined. B ．Generous and serious.
C ．Grateful and helpful. D ．Creative and sensitive.
4 ．What is the text mainly intended to do
A ．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.
B ．Set “ good example to the disabled.
C ．Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.
D ．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.
2.（2023·吉林长春 · 高三阶段练习）
Have you ever been faced with trying to stay positive when others around you are negative A negative person can bring you down and throw your positive plans out of the window. Whether you deal with a family member,
friend or co-worker who is negative, there are things you can do to remain positive in the face of negativity
Whatever you do, don’t argue with a negative person. Arguing only adds fuel to the fire. I have noticed when my children are crabby, it is best to avoid trying to convince them to analyze and adjust their attitude. As soon as I take the approach of being in opposition to them, the situation gets worse before it gets better. Sometimes the best
thing to do is remain silent and let negativity pass.
You know how difficult it can be to give love and positive attention to negative people. Unfortunately, that is often exactly what they need. A negative person is usually afraid he is unlovable. How do you show love when someone is negative You must listen to what he is trying to tell you. Acknowledge the feelings he has by saying something like, “You sound very angry right now.” How might you help a negative person Offer a hug even if you
get rejected. A negative person often has difficulty accepting love from others.
If you have negative people on your life who are affecting your mental and physical health, you need to decide
whether or not you want these people in your life. Some people are so negative that you have no other choice but to
remove them from your life. However, some people, such as your children, are difficult to remove from your life, in
this case, professional counseling(咨询) may be the answer.
5 ．What does the underlined word “crabby” in Para.2 mean
A ．Quite excited. B ．Very lonely.
C ．Easily annoyed. D ．Highly optimistic.
6 ．What’s the main idea of Para.3
A ．Negative people need care.
B ．Negative people make us happy..
C ．Negative people can be hurt easily.
D ．Negative people are hard to get along with.
7 ．What does the author suggest doing
A ．Focusing on positive things.
B ．Trying to change negative thoughts.
C ．Controlling our own negative thoughts.
D ．Staying away from some negative people.
8 ．In which section of a magazine can we most probably read the text
A ．Health B ．Relationships
C ．Lifestyles D ．Entertainment.
3.（2023·海南省直辖县级 · 统考一模）
GPS has completely transformed how we get around. But other animals have long had their navigation (领航)
systems built right in.
“We know their eyes are quite sensitive to polarized ( 偏振 的) light and the sky has a particular pattern of
polarized light relative to the position of the sun,” Barbara Webb, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh, says.
You can see polarized light firsthand if you take a pair of polarized sunglasses and spin them against the sky-the light passing through the glasses changes. Webb says the insects have polarization like that built into their
many eyes. “You can think of it as having lots of sunglasses pointing in different directions.”
But Webb was curious whether there’s really enough information in the sky to give insects an accurate sense of direction. So her team built a sensor ( 传感器) modeled after a desert ant eye and put it under artificial light
meant to simulate the sky. They then put that sensor into a model meant to model the brains of desert ants and other
insects. And they found that with the insects’ sensing and processing equipment, they can likely sense direction
down to just a couple degrees of error.
A system based on that of insects could someday be a cheap, low-energy choice to GPS. Insects have very tiny brains. A brain the size of a pinhead that’s using hardly any energy. And yet they’re still able to navigate better than we can with GPS, which is surprising. Webb is now working on building a robot that can use light to get its
directions.
9 ．What can we learn from the text
A ．GPS is not accurate enough.
B ．Insects have better eyes than humans.
C ．Light changes passing through polarized sunglasses.
D ．Insects have tiny brains that use no energy.
10 ．What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A ．Pretend. B ．Cover.
C ．Block. D ．See.
11 ．What did Webb’s research find
A ．Insects can’t find their ways during nights.
B ．Insects can find directions with little mistakes.
C ．Insects always make mistakes finding directions.
D ．Insects have sensing and processing equipment in their eyes.
12 ．Which of the following can best describe insects’ navigation ability
A ．Disappointing. B ．Interesting.
C ．Amazing. D ．Confusing.
4.（2023·甘肃酒泉 · 统考三模）
Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that
there was a link.
The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often
seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回忆) Andre, who is the director
of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.
Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed
with such clarity(清晰) before.
It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do
through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.
What can be done One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a
whale.
As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be
observed.
“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can
better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.
13 ．What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean
A ．Stubborn. B ．Flexible. C ．Dull. D ．Friendly.
14 ．What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text
A ．To lower the speed of ships.
B ．To reduce the number of ships.
C ．To set up preserves under the sea.
D ．To give the injured animals timely treatment.
15 ．What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done
A ．Doubtful. B ．Disapproving. C ．Positive. D ．Uncaring.
16 ．What is the text mainly about
A ．A great expert. B ．Noise in the sea.
C ．Animals in the sea. D ．Sea exploration technology.
5.（2024 届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）
William Lindesay, renowned Great Wall expert and conservationist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled across
the globe by the back paths, providing their sons Jimmy and Tommy a unique environment for personal growth.
Sunhats, backpacks, sneakers and trekking poles — these are the day-to-day must-haves of the family. This East-meets-West couple started traveling while their younger son was still in nappies in 2003. Most of their trips, most of which are far from the hot spots recommended by travel guidebooks, seem more rigorous than leisurely — heritage study in the Mongolian deserts, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb of three
English summits and a six-day train ride from Beijing to Moscow.
“Real travel may be hard, uncertain, uncomfortable, but there’s a feel-good factor when you pass a test of
some kind,” Lindesay wrote in the family’s newly published travel memoir Pages of Discovery.
Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but that experience of the world outside, in distant lands, with different languages, scripts, political
structures, and religious beliefs, is the real testing ground.
Children in this international family did not have the same pressure to perform on school tests, but they had “homework” on the road. Wu asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, draw maps and summarize
travel tips. She says such habits, though they might not directly improve test scores, will pay dividends in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sons’ characters and influenced their chosen study at university. One read world history, the other international relations. The two brothers also share an interest in historical monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are now planning to follow in their father’s footsteps with a new
4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.
“My parents view the world as a big classroom, and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries,” Jimmy
says.
17 ．Which of the following best describes their trips across the world
A ．Hard and risky. B ．Unique yet stressful.
C ．Challenging and educational. D ．Leisurely yet rewarding.
18 ．What can we infer about the couple from the text
A ．They think little of school education.
B ．They believe travel provides real education.
C ．They ask their sons to follow their career path.
D ．They require their sons to perform well on school tests.
19 ．What do the underlined words “pay dividends” mean in paragraph 5
A ．Bring advantages. B ．Pay a price.
C ．Improve scores. D ．Make mistakes.
20 ．What does the family’s story tell us
A ．Good company on the road is the shortest cut.
B ．Good habits formed at youth make all the difference.
C ．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
D ．It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books.
6.（2023·四川成都 · 高三成都七中校考考试）
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first,
according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been
known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the
men’s fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the
other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat
tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.
Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had
fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip
eating first.
21 ．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
A ．digest the meal easily B ．manage without breakfast
C ．decide wisely what to eat D ．eat whatever is offered
22 ．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A ．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B ．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C ．They could walk at an average speed.
D ．They had slow metabolic rates.
23 ．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A ．They successfully lost weight. B ．They consumed a bit more calories.
C ．They burned more fat on average. D ．They displayed higher insulin levels.
24 ．What could be learned from the research
A ．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B ．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C ．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D ．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
7.（2023·四川省绵阳南山中学校考开学考试）
My mother always told me, “You should explore your own country before stepping out into the world. ”However, it seems like a tough mission to travel all across its expansive surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevor, Joel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the
opportunity and secured four tickets on the great Canadian railroad.
For a group of 20-year-olds, this was like the first flight of young birds from the nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day adventure from Sudbury to Vancouver was to begin. Eyes baggy from lack of sleep, we jumped on board as if it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. Although the thought of three full days on those tracks covering close to 3, 000 kilometres crushed our spirits a little, what happened next caught
us by surprise.
The three days on board turned into a summer camp on rails. At night, we would climb up the glass-domed train car, which gave us a scenic view of the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution. Before we knew it, the warm sun rays beating down on our faces woke us up for another day on the rails. To my surprise, a
sea of golden grain fields dominated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Another day slipped away and we set up for another night in the dome. And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and
memorable light show left everyone in the glass bubble in complete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rocky Mountains was one of the most surreal experiences of my life. Before the train adventure, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. That is no longer true. I’ve
learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.
25 ．What has made the author’s train adventure across Canada a reality
A ．The encouragement given by his mother. B ．The appeal of the scenic views in the country.
C ．The discount ticket offered by Via Rail Canada. D ．His great courage to challenge a tough mission.
26 ．What can we infer about the young people from Paragraph 2
A ．They were excited about the coming train journey.
B ．They left their parents for the first time in their life.
C ．They never thought of having a train adventure.
D ．They were hooked by the magic story of Harry Potter.
27 ．What does“the glass bubble”in the fourth paragraph refer to
A ．A brain in lack of imagination. B ．The glass-domed train car.
C ．A summer camp on the train. D ．The sightseeing bus.
28 ．What did the author learn from the train adventure across Canada
A ．Opportunities are hard to get. B ．Enjoying a journey counts a lot.
C ．Splendid scenery attracts young people. D ．The traveling experience is not real to him.
8.（2023·天津 · 天津市新华中学校考二模）
Are you aware that every single person on this planet who has ever lived, lives now or will live, has a different perception of reality The way each of us perceives the world is to some degree different than any other person's perception of reality. __。__ What is absolutely real and right for you may be an illusion, or nonexistent, or
completely false for another!
It's important to know this. __②__ For example, the news media loves to create drama, and one of their favorite methods is to elicit(引起) fear: fear of other people, fear of the weather, fear of the economy, etc. The news media tells us how to perceive the world—and if a person takes the newscasters at their word, they perceive the world to be very dangerous and hostile. To that person ，the mental images and emotions suggested by other people create a version of reality that is completely different from the reality perceived by someone who does not watch
the news.
Things are not always what they seem. For most people, seeing is believing, which is why magicians, artists and marketers are so successful. Just like the TV news, they show you only what they want you to see and it is perceived as reality. But how would that reality change if you saw what went on behind the scenes or what was left
out
What's your story
We all have a story. Over time, your story takes on a life of its own and you become your story. But who's the author and why did him put so much crap in there All that unnecessary suffering, struggle, heartache, worry and pain... wouldn't it be better to live a story without all that Who wants to live in a story with that much boredom
and unfulfilled longings
The story got its start when you were born, and was co-authored by you along with the influences in your life. __③__ Anytime you were influenced by someone or something, you unconsciously handed your pen over and said “Here, you write this about me.” So you are not even writing your OWN story! No one does—until they recognize that fact, and make a conscious decision to take control of the pen. You CAN write your story the way you want it
to play out.
It is helpful to understand how the brain takes reality and filters it to create your unique perception of reality.
It's an automatic unconscious action that is based on：
● Physical experiences (which is why some optical illusions are extremely unsettling)
● Past conditioning (how you are programmed to see the world)
__④__ When you become aware of the fact that you are constructing your own reality, you can take charge and build one that is more pleasing. If you change your mind, your vibration and your intentions, you can change your circumstances! Instead of, “I am a victim of circumstance ，” imprint in your mind, “I am the co-creator of my
life”； Instead of, “I am sick and tired of...” imprint in your mind ，“I am in control and enthusiastic about what I
do” .
Raise your vibration by thinking, talking and acting more positively. As positiveness becomes a mental habit，
that change will become your new inner reality, which will soon manifest in your outer reality.
The power of perception is immense. Choose to see more good than bad, more abundance than lack, more love
than indifference and more success than struggle.
29 ．What does the underlined word “perception” mean in the first paragraph
A ．sense B ．acceptance
C ．reception D ．deception
30 ．How does the author present his viewpoints in the first three paragraphs
A ．By answering questions. B ．By giving examples.
C ．By making comparisons. D ．By drawing conclusions.
31 ．The sentence “Because if you are not aware, your perception, world view and reality are created by other
people.” should be put in .
A . ① B . ② C . ③ D . ④
32 ．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in the blank
A ．Seeing is not believing
B ．Live up to your expectations
C ．Change your perception and create a new reality
D ．Physical experiences and past conditioning really count
33 ．What is the tone of the passage
A ．Instructive. B ．Humorous.
C ．Critical. D ．Ironic.
9.（2023 春 · 天津南开 · 高三统考阶段练习）
Sometimes just when we need the power of miracles, they arise in the places we would least expect.
On a cold January afternoon in 1989, I was climbing Egypt’s Mt. Horeb, hoping to get to the peak by sunset to see the valley below. As I was winding up the narrow path, I’d sometimes see other hikers who were coming down. While they would generally pass with simply a nod or a greeting in another language, there was one man who did
neither.
I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional
Egyptian galabia( 长 袍 ). What made his appearance so strange was that the man didn’t even appear to be
Egyptian, but was a small-framed Asian man with little hair and round glasses.
As we neared one another, I said Hello, but not a sound came from him. I thought maybe he hadn’t heard me. Suddenly he stopped directly in front of me, looked up from the ground, and spoke a single sentence to me in English, “Sometimes you don’t know what you have lost until you’ve lost it.” As I took in what I had just heard, he
simply stepped around me and continued his going down.
That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. The year was 1989, and it was during my Egyptian pilgrimage ( 朝圣), and specifically during my hike to Mt. Horeb, that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends,
my family, and ultimately, my life.
I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed in an Egyptian galabia coming down from the top of this historic mountain just when I was walking up, stopping before me, and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. My answer to my own question was easy: nearly no chance! In a meet that lasted less than two minutes, a total stranger had brought something clear and something of a warning, regarding the huge
changes that I would make within a matter of days. In my way of thinking, that’s a miracle.
Miracles are everywhere and occur every day for different reasons, in response to the different needs that we may have in the moment. Our job may be less about questioning the extraordinary things that happen in our daily
lives and more about accepting the gifts they bring.
34 ．Before the Asian man spoke, how did the author think about him
A ．He was very rude and strange.
B ．He was different from others.
C ．He was shy and nod to strangers.
D ．He looked ordinary and was talkative.
35 ．Why did the author make a pilgrimage to Mt Horeb in Egypt
A ．He was in search of a miracle in his life.
B ．It was a place for a religious person to head for.
C ．He intended to make arrangements for his future life.
D ．He waited patiently in expectation of meeting a wise person.
36 ．What does the underlined part “my own question” refer to in paragraph 6
A ．For what reason did the man stop before me
B ．Why did the Asian man go to the mountain
C ．What change would I make within a matter of days
D ．What was the probability that others told us the right words
37 ．Why did the author view the meet with the Asian man as a miracle in his life
A ．Because the Asian man’s appearance had a deciding effect on his future life.
B ．Because his words were in perfect response to the need he had at that moment.
C ．Because what the Asian man said was meaningful in the philosophy of life.
D ．Because the Asian man impressed on him the worth of what he had possessed.
38 ．What might be the best title for the passage
A ．Can you recognize a miracle B ．Is a miracle significant to us
C ．When might a miracle occur D ．Why do we need a miracle
10.（2023·上海 · 高三专题练习）
In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and
taking photos and samples.
“As human beings, we’re drawn to absolutes—the deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obvious—plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean
ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”
Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting( 摄 取 ) them—either directly or indirectly—could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could
potentially impact animal populations.
But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture,
which is causing anoxic(缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries,” Cameron says.
Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse
gases like carbon dioxide—about 30 percent of which is absorbed by the sea. This absorption causes ocean acidi cation, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidi cation is thought to have
played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago.
The effect of climate change on the world’s oceans will likely worsen in coming decades. Last June, scientists announced carbon dioxide levels had reached the highest levels since human records began. The last time carbon dioxide levels were this high was during the Pliocene era, between 3 and 5 million years ago, when global temperatures were about 4 degrees Celsius warmer than they are today. Current climate models suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend, we may be on course to see 4 degrees of warming by
2100.
As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important.
39 ．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A ．The author’s feelings to the ocean. B ．Cameron’s movies and remarks.
C ．The author’s discoveries under the sea. D ．Cameron’s observation and concern.
40 ．What can we infer from the passage
A ．Several countries are suffering from anoxic dead zones.
B ．More concern should have been given to the pollution on oceans.
C ．Plastic is supposed to be the most serious environmental problem.
D ．Ocean acidification removes the nutrients from agricultural products.
41 ．What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A ．Decreases. B ．Destruction.
C ．Diseases. D ．Discrimination.
42 ．Why does the author mention the mass extinction event 252 million years ago
A ．To call on people to protect sea animals.
B ．To compare current situations with the past.
C ．To explain how serious the ocean problem is.
D ．To prove pollution to be the cause of acidification.
11.（2023·全国 · 高三专题练习）
Turtles have an unfortunate habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea. These then cannot be broken
down and digested, and may ultimately kill them.
It is widely assumed that this special liking for plastics is a matter of mistaken identity. Floating plastic bags, for instance, look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. Yet lota of plastic objects that end up inside turtles are not similar to jellyfish. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida therefore suspects that the smell
of micro-organisms (微生物) which grow on floating plastic objects fools turtles to feed.
Researchers at the University of California noticed that certain chemicals, which are released into the air by micro-organism — colonised plastics, are those which many seabirds sniff to track down food. These chemicals mark good places to hunt because they indicate an abundance of the seaweed and bacteria. Since turtles are known to break the surface and sniff the air when swimming towards their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller indicated that they are
following these same chemicals, and are fooled into thinking that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his colleagues set up an experiment. They arranged for 15 of the animals, each around five months old, to be exposed, in random order, to four smells delivered through a pipe to; the air above an experimental area. The smells were: the vapour from deionised (去离子) water; the smell of turtle-feeding meal; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a similarly plastic bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow seaweed and bacteria to grow on it. Two of the smells-the smell of meal and that of five-week-old
bottles-proved far more attractive to the animals than the others.
On the face of it, then, the turtles were responding to the smell of old bottles as if it were the smell of food. In
an unpolluted ocean, pretty well anything which had this smell would be edible-or, at least, harmless.
Unfortunately, five-week-old plastic bottles and their like are not.
43 ．What is most people's opinion on turtles' special habit
A ．Turtles prefer jellyfish to plastics.
B ．Turtles enjoy the taste of plastics.
C ．Turtles like being fed with plastic tools.
D ．Turtles choose to eat plastics for a mistake.
44 ．What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Fit to eat. B ．Pleasant to smell.
C ．Far to reach. D ．Easy to digest.
45 ．What can we infer from Dr. Pfaller's research
A ．Many seabirds can track the food.
B ．Most animals find food through smells.
C ．Two smells are especially favored by turtles.
D ．The favored smell leads turtles to seek for food.
46 ．Why did the author mention the unpolluted ocean at last
A ．To explain why the ocean is polluted.
B ．To ask for people to feed turtles proper food.
C ．To arouse the awareness of protecting the ocean.
D ．To show his agreement on Dr. Pfaller's research.
12.（2023·全国 · 高三专题练习）
Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect
immense amounts of personal data.
At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting
security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites.
Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main
supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide.
That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and
similar techniques.
The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or
third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may
use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to
different users.”
Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by
basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online.
Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with
its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to
go.
47 ．What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean
A ．Exposed. B ．Removed. C ．Emerging. D ．Fading.
48 ．It can be learned from the declaration that Google .
A ．is developing new technologies to stop data collection
B ．refuses to work with companies tracking privacy
C ．intends to abandon its advertising technologies
D ．resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies
49 ．From the passage we can know that first-party cookies .
A ．are still collecting personal information
B ．are blocked by big companies like Apple
C ．are mainly used by advertising companies
D ．are less concerning than third-party cookies
50 ．What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move
A ．It is less satisfactory than expected.
B ．It needs to be more forceful to be effective.
C ．It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies.
D ．It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations.阅读理解（词义猜测题）
1.（2023·广东深圳 · 高三统考期末）
On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn
that Luna is anything but average.
Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design
a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.
“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with
Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.
“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their
talents with the world. ”
Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said.
"Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”
The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual
patient's heart condition.
“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not
alone.”
1 ．What can we learn from Chris' words
A ．It's unwise to raise money.
B ．It's optional to seek donations.
C ．It's wonderful to study art.
D ．It's necessary to show kids' talents.
2 ．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5
A ．I'm overjoyed. B ．['m very serious.
C ．My mind goes blank. D ．My mind is racing.
3 ．Which of the following best describes Luna
A ．Gifted and determined. B ．Generous and serious.
C ．Grateful and helpful. D ．Creative and sensitive.
4 ．What is the text mainly intended to do
A ．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.
B ．Set “ good example to the disabled.
C ．Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.
D ．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.
(
【答案】
1
．
D
2
．
A 3
．
A
4
．
D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个有着先天性心脏缺损的
12
岁孩子
Luna
没有选择放弃，而
是与
Saucony
公司合作， 用自己的艺术天赋和坚持，
设计出了自己的鞋子，
发起
“Shoes with
soul
（有灵魂的
鞋子）
”
活动，最终通过这项活动来帮助其他患有
心脏疾病的人。
1
．推理判断题。根据文章第四段
“Rather than
just a donation, we wanted to create an
experienc
e
and
a
moment
that
would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the a
mazing
work
that's being
done
at
BCH”
（不仅
仅是捐款，
我们想创造一种体验和时刻，
不仅是为了筹集资金，
也是为了让人们意识到
BCH
正在做的所有
了不起的工作）和
“Specifically, we wanted to give some of
the B
CH kids an opportunity
to
share
their
story
and
their talents with the world.”
（特别地，我们想给
BCH
的孩子们一个机会，与世界
分享他们的故事和他们的
才能。）可知，展示孩子的才能是必要的。故选
D
。
2
．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段
Luna
的话
“Thinking about kids everywhere around the wo
rld wearing my shoe
is amazing.”
（想到世界各地的孩子都穿着我的鞋，
真是太棒了。）可找到关键词
amazing
，表示
“
惊人的，
了
不起的
”
，可知，
Luna
觉得若是每个孩子都能穿上她设计的鞋子，
是一件令她高兴惊喜
的事。因此推断
“It blows
my mind”
表明
Luna
是极为高兴的。故选
A
。
3
．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的
“continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion”
（
继续追求她在艺术
)
(
和时尚方面的兴趣）、第三段的
“I got to use my art and creativity
for
something new”
（
我开始用我的艺术和创
造力去做一些新的事情）以及第四段的
“share their story and their t
alents”
（分享他们的故事和他们的天赋）
可以看出
Luna
是有才华，有天赋的（
talented/gifted
），
又根据文章第二段
“Luna has had three open-hea
rt
operations and continues to pursue her
interests in art
and
fashion.”
（
Luna
做过三次心脏手术， 并继续追求她对
艺术和时尚的兴趣。）以及最后一段
“The advice I would give a kid or
someone
lik
e
me
is
never
give up.”
（
我给
孩子或像我这样的人的建议是永远不要放弃。）可以看出
Luna
是意志坚定的（
determ
ined
）。故选
A
。
4
．主旨大意题。全文围绕
“Luna
是如何参与到这个活动的？
”“
这个活动是什么内容？
”“
活动的目的是什
么？
”
以及
“
活动有什么重要意义？
”“Luna
想通过这个活动传递什么？
”
来讲述。因此推断
D
项：
Introduce a
campaign with kid pa
tients.
（介绍一项针对儿童患者的活动）是文章的目的。故选
D
。
)
2.（2023·吉林长春 · 高三阶段练习）
Have you ever been faced with trying to stay positive when others around you are negative A negative person can bring you down and throw your positive plans out of the window. Whether you deal with a family member,
friend or co-worker who is negative, there are things you can do to remain positive in the face of negativity
Whatever you do, don’t argue with a negative person. Arguing only adds fuel to the fire. I have noticed when my children are crabby, it is best to avoid trying to convince them to analyze and adjust their attitude. As soon as I take the approach of being in opposition to them, the situation gets worse before it gets better. Sometimes the best
thing to do is remain silent and let negativity pass.
You know how difficult it can be to give love and positive attention to negative people. Unfortunately, that is often exactly what they need. A negative person is usually afraid he is unlovable. How do you show love when someone is negative You must listen to what he is trying to tell you. Acknowledge the feelings he has by saying something like, “You sound very angry right now.” How might you help a negative person Offer a hug even if you
get rejected. A negative person often has difficulty accepting love from others.
If you have negative people on your life who are affecting your mental and physical health, you need to decide whether or not you want these people in your life. Some people are so negative that you have no other choice but to
remove them from your life. However, some people, such as your children, are difficult to remove from your life, in
this case, professional counseling(咨询) may be the answer.
5 ．What does the underlined word “crabby” in Para.2 mean
A ．Quite excited. B ．Very lonely.
C ．Easily annoyed. D ．Highly optimistic.
6 ．What’s the main idea of Para.3
A ．Negative people need care.
B ．Negative people make us happy..
C ．Negative people can be hurt easily.
D ．Negative people are hard to get along with.
7 ．What does the author suggest doing
A ．Focusing on positive things.
B ．Trying to change negative thoughts.
C ．Controlling our own negative thoughts.
D ．Staying away from some negative people.
8 ．In which section of a magazine can we most probably read the text
A ．Health B ．Relationships
C ．Lifestyles D ．Entertainment.
(
【答案】
5
．
C
6
．
A
7
．
D
8
．
B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者建议
“
远离一些消极的人。
”
当你周围的人都很消极的时候，
你有没有试着
保持积极
一个消极的人会把你打倒，
把你的积极计划扔出窗外。无论你面对的是消极的家人、朋友还是同
事，你都可以做些事情来保持积极的心态。
5
．词义猜测题。根据上文
Whatever you do, don’t
argue with a negative person. Arguing only
adds
fuel to the
fire.
可知，不管你做什么，不要和消极的人争论。 争论只会添油加醋。因此推断划线句意：
I
have
noticed
when my children are crabby, it is best to
avoid trying
to
convince
them
t
o
analyze
and
adjust their
attitude.
（我注
意到， 当我的孩子脾气暴躁时，
最好不要试图说服他们去分析和调整自己的态度
。）
由此推知划线词的意思
是
“
很容易生气
”
。故选
C
。
6
．主旨大意题。根据第三段中
You know how difficult it ca
n be to give love and positive
attention
to negative
people. Unfortunately, that is often exactly
what
they
need.
（你知道给予消极的人爱和积极的关注是多么困难。
不幸的是，这往往正是他们所需要的。）可知第三段讲述的是
“
消极的
人需要关心。
”
故选
A
。
7
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中
Some people are so negat
ive that you have no other choice but to remove them
from your life.
（有些人是如此消极，
以至于你别无选择， 只能把他们从你的生活中移除。）可知，
作者建议
“
远
离一些消极的人。
”
故选
D
。
8
．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，
本文主要讲了如果你周围有一些消极的人，
面对他们消极的
态度，
你
)
(
如何保持积极的心态，怎样去对待他们。我们最可能在杂志的
“
人
际关系
”
栏目阅读这篇文章。故选
B
。
)
3.（2023·海南省直辖县级 · 统考一模）
GPS has completely transformed how we get around. But other animals have long had their navigation (领航)
systems built right in.
“We know their eyes are quite sensitive to polarized ( 偏振 的) light and the sky has a particular pattern of
polarized light relative to the position of the sun,” Barbara Webb, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh, says.
You can see polarized light firsthand if you take a pair of polarized sunglasses and spin them against the sky-the light passing through the glasses changes. Webb says the insects have polarization like that built into their
many eyes. “You can think of it as having lots of sunglasses pointing in different directions.”
But Webb was curious whether there’s really enough information in the sky to give insects an accurate sense of direction. So her team built a sensor ( 传感器) modeled after a desert ant eye and put it under artificial light meant to simulate the sky. They then put that sensor into a model meant to model the brains of desert ants and other insects. And they found that with the insects’ sensing and processing equipment, they can likely sense direction
down to just a couple degrees of error.
A system based on that of insects could someday be a cheap, low-energy choice to GPS. Insects have very tiny brains. A brain the size of a pinhead that’s using hardly any energy. And yet they’re still able to navigate better than we can with GPS, which is surprising. Webb is now working on building a robot that can use light to get its
directions.
9 ．What can we learn from the text
A ．GPS is not accurate enough.
B ．Insects have better eyes than humans.
C ．Light changes passing through polarized sunglasses.
D ．Insects have tiny brains that use no energy.
10 ．What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A ．Pretend. B ．Cover.
C ．Block. D ．See.
11 ．What did Webb’s research find
A ．Insects can’t find their ways during nights.
B ．Insects can find directions with little mistakes.
C ．Insects always make mistakes finding directions.
D ．Insects have sensing and processing equipment in their eyes.
12 ．Which of the following can best describe insects’ navigation ability
A ．Disappointing. B ．Interesting.
C ．Amazing. D ．Confusing.
(
【答案】
9
．
C
10
．
A
11
．
B
12
．
C
【分析】本文是说明文。文章告诉我们，研究发现昆虫拥有与生俱来的导航能力。
9
．细节理解题。由文章第三段
“You can see polarized light firsthand if
you take
a pair of
polarized
sunglasses
a
nd
spin them against the sky-the light passing through the glasses change
s.”
可知当把一副偏振光太阳镜放在太阳底
下旋转的时候，
你就能亲眼看到偏振光了。光穿过偏振玻璃的时候会发生改变。选项
C
意为
“
光线在穿过偏
振玻璃的时候会发生改变。
”
符合文意。故选
C
项。
10
．词义猜测题。文章第四段
“So her team built a sensor (
传感器
) modeled after a
desert
an
t
eye
and put
it under
artificial light meant to simulate the sky.
”
可知，
她的团队模拟沙漠蚂蚁的眼睛制作了传感器， 然后把它放
到人
造光下。人造光是来模拟天空的。本段
Webb
在模拟天空和沙漠蚂蚁的大
脑来研究天空是如何给予昆虫方向
感的。本段一直出现的词是
model
即模拟。可推断这里把人造光源当做天空。
A
项意为
“
假装
”
，符合文意。
故选
A
项。
11
．推理判断题。由文章第四段
“And they found that with the insects’ sensing and processing
equipment,
they
can
likely sense direction down to
just a couple
degrees
of
error.”
可知他们发现昆虫通过自己的感知和处理设备，
可
以很好的识别方向且误差还比较小。
B
项意为
“
昆虫可以找到方向且很少有误差。
”
符
合文意。故选
B
项。
12
．推理判断题。由文章最后一段
“And yet they’re
still able to navigate better than we can with GPS, which
is
surprising.”
可知昆虫的导航能力比我们用
GPS
的导航能力还要好，这一点让人很惊奇。文章对动物的导航
能力是感到惊叹的。
C
项符合文意。故选
C
项。
)
4.（2023·甘肃酒泉 · 统考三模）
Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that
there was a link.
The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often
seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回忆) Andre, who is the director
of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.
Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed
with such clarity(清晰) before.
It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do
through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.
What can be done One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a
whale.
As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be
observed.
“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can
better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.
13 ．What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean
A ．Stubborn. B ．Flexible. C ．Dull. D ．Friendly.
14 ．What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text
A ．To lower the speed of ships.
B ．To reduce the number of ships.
C ．To set up preserves under the sea.
D ．To give the injured animals timely treatment.
15 ．What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done
A ．Doubtful. B ．Disapproving. C ．Positive. D ．Uncaring.
16 ．What is the text mainly about
A ．A great expert. B ．Noise in the sea.
C ．Animals in the sea. D ．Sea exploration technology.
(
【答案】
13
．
C 14
．
A
15
．
C
16
．
B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降低海底噪音的问题。
13
．词义猜测题。根据划线词后的
the noise of
approaching boats and w
ere being struck by them, often seriously
)
(
可知，
鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，
因为它们可能是对船只所产生的
噪音比较
“
迟钝
”
。故可知划线部分单词意思
为
“
迟钝的
”
。
A.
Stubborn.
固执的；
B.
Flexible.
灵活的；
C. Dull.
迟钝的；
D.
Friendly.
友好的。故选
C
。
14
．细节理解题。根据第五段中的
It’s also possible to slow ships d
own to
18 km/h
or
less, which
is
less
likely
to
seriously injure a whale.
（也有可能将船只减速到每小时
1
8
公里或更少，
这样就不太可能严重伤害鲸鱼。）可
知，降低船只速度是文中提到的一种解决办法。故选
A
。
15
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的
And t
hanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of
subsea
sound
pollution.
（由于他的工作，
我们可以更好地了解海底声音污染的影响。）可知， 作者对
Michel Andre
所做的
工作十分认可。故选
C
。
16
．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降
低海底噪音的问
题，故
B
项最符合文章主旨。
)
5.（2024 届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）
William Lindesay, renowned Great Wall expert and conservationist, and his wife Wu Qi have traveled across
the globe by the back paths, providing their sons Jimmy and Tommy a unique environment for personal growth.
Sunhats, backpacks, sneakers and trekking poles — these are the day-to-day must-haves of the family. This East-meets-West couple started traveling while their younger son was still in nappies in 2003. Most of their trips, most of which are far from the hot spots recommended by travel guidebooks, seem more rigorous than leisurely — heritage study in the Mongolian deserts, a 53-kilometer hiking tour of New Zealand, a one-day climb of three
English summits and a six-day train ride from Beijing to Moscow.
“Real travel may be hard, uncertain, uncomfortable, but there’s a feel-good factor when you pass a test of
some kind,” Lindesay wrote in the family’s newly published travel memoir Pages of Discovery.
Lindesay attaches great importance to learning out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, but that experience of the world outside, in distant lands, with different languages, scripts, political
structures, and religious beliefs, is the real testing ground.
Children in this international family did not have the same pressure to perform on school tests, but they had “homework” on the road. Wu asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, draw maps and summarize
travel tips. She says such habits, though they might not directly improve test scores, will pay dividends in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sons’ characters and influenced their chosen study at university. One read world history, the other international relations. The two brothers also share an interest in historical
monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are now planning to follow in their father’s footsteps with a new
4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.
“My parents view the world as a big classroom, and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries,” Jimmy
says.
17 ．Which of the following best describes their trips across the world
A ．Hard and risky. B ．Unique yet stressful.
C ．Challenging and educational. D ．Leisurely yet rewarding.
18 ．What can we infer about the couple from the text
A ．They think little of school education.
B ．They believe travel provides real education.
C ．They ask their sons to follow their career path.
D ．They require their sons to perform well on school tests.
19 ．What do the underlined words “pay dividends” mean in paragraph 5
A ．Bring advantages. B ．Pay a price.
C ．Improve scores. D ．Make mistakes.
20 ．What does the family’s story tell us
A ．Good company on the road is the shortest cut.
B ．Good habits formed at youth make all the difference.
C ．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
D ．It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books.
(
【答案】
17
．
C 18
．
B
19
．
A 20
．
D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，
文章讲述了
William Lindesay
是
著名的长城专家和自然环境保护主义者，
他和妻
子带着孩子走遍世界各地，用实际行动践行了
“
读
万卷书不如行万里路
”
。
17
．推理判断题。根据第二段中
“Most of
their trips, most of
whi
ch are far
from the
hot
spots
recommended by
travel
guidebooks, seem more rigorous than leisurely — heritage study in the Mongo
lian
deserts,
a
53-kilometer hiking
tour of
New Zealand, a one-day climb of
three English
summits
and a
six-day
train
ride
from
Beiji
ng
to
Moscow.(
他们的大部分旅行都远离旅游指南推荐的热门景点，似乎比在蒙古沙漠中学习遗产、
在新西兰徒
步旅行
53
公里、在英国攀登三座山峰一天以及从北京到莫斯科的六天火车旅行等悠闲的旅行要严格得多
)”
和第三段中
“Real travel may be hard, uncertain, uncomfortable(
真正的旅行可能是艰
难的、不确定的、不舒服
的
)”
可知，他们的很多旅行是具有挑战性的；根据倒数第二段中
“These experien
ces certainly shaped their
)
(
sons’ characters and influenced their chosen study at university.
One rea
d
world
history,
the
other
international
relations. The two brothers also share an interest in historical
monuments,
and
t
he
Great
Wall
in particular.(
这些经
历无疑塑造了他们儿子的性格，并影响了他们选择在大学
学习。
一个读世界历史，另一个读国际关系。这
两兄弟还对历史遗迹，尤其是长城很感兴趣
)”
可知，这些旅
行经历对孩子来说有教育意义，故选
C
。
18
．推理判断题。根据第四段
“Lindesay attaches great i
mportance to learning out of
the
classroom,
saying that
children might score well on school tests, but that experience
of
the world
outside,
i
n
distant
lands, with
different
languages, scripts, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real testing
ground.(Lindesay
非常重视课堂外的
学习，他说，孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在遥远的地方，在不同的
语言、文字、政治结构和
宗教信仰的外部世界的经历，
才是真正的试验场
)”
和第五段中
“Wu asked her
sons to write travel diaries, collect
tickets, draw maps and summarize travel tips.
She says
such ha
bits, though they
might
not
directly
improve
test
scores, will pay dividends in la
ter life.(Wu
让她的儿子们写旅行日记，收集车票，绘制地图，总结旅行小贴士。
她说，
这样的习惯虽然可能不会直接提高考试成绩，
但会在以后的生活中带来好处
)”
可知
， 这对夫妇认为旅
行能提供真正的教育，故选
B
。
19
．词句猜测题。根据第五段中
“Wu as
ked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets,
draw maps
and
summarize travel tips.(
Wu
让她的儿子们写旅行日记，收集车票，绘制地图，总结旅行小贴士
)”
可知，
Wu
让
儿子这样做应是对他们有好处，结合画线词所在句中
“She says such habits, though they migh
t not directly
improve test scores (
她说，这样的习惯虽然可能不会直接提高考试成绩
)”
中
though
表
达的让步语气可知，此
处指这样的习惯虽然可能不会直接提高考试成绩，但会在以后的生活中带来好处，
p
ay dividends
意为
“
带来
好处
”
，故选
A
。
20
．推理判断题。根据第四段
“Lindesay attaches great importance to learning
out of
the
classroom,
saying that
children might score well on school tests, but that experience
of
the world
outside,
i
n
distant
lands, with
different
languages, scripts, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real testing
ground.(Lindesay
非常重视课堂外的
学习，他说，孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在遥远的地方，在
不同的语言、文字、政治结构和
宗教信仰的外部世界的经历，才是真正的试验场
)”
和最后一段中
“My parents view the wor
ld as a big
classroom, and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries(
我的父母把世界看作一个大教室， 我和哥哥是最大
的受益者
)”
可知，
Lindesay
非常重视课堂外的学习，
让孩子们在旅行中受益，故这家人的故事告诉我们
“
读
万卷书不如行万里路
”
，故选
D
。
)
6.（2023·四川成都 · 高三成都七中校考考试）
For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first,
according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been
known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the
men’s fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the
other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat
tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.
Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had
fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip
eating first.
21 ．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.
A ．digest the meal easily B ．manage without breakfast
C ．decide wisely what to eat D ．eat whatever is offered
22 ．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A ．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B ．Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C ．They could walk at an average speed.
D ．They had slow metabolic rates.
23 ．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A ．They successfully lost weight. B ．They consumed a bit more calories.
C ．They burned more fat on average. D ．They displayed higher insulin levels.
24 ．What could be learned from the research
A ．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B ．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C ．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D ．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
(
【答案】
21
．
B 22
．
A
23
．
B
24
．
D
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对
健康更有益。
21
．词句猜测题。根据下文
working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first
可知，
早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里
说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断
划线词与
B
项
“
不吃早饭能应付
”
意思相近。故选
B
。
22
．细节理解题。根据第三段的
They first found
10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young
men,
whose
lifestyles
are
,
for
better
and
worse
,
representative
of
those
of
most
of
us
.
可知，他们首先找到了
10
个超重 的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。
因此可
知，实验时选择的
10
个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选
A
。
23
．细节理解题。根据第六段的
As a result, they
burned more fat during walks on an
empty
stomach than
when
they had eaten first. On the other hand. they burned slightly
more
calor
ies(
卡路里
),
on
average,
during
the workout
after breakfast than after fasting.
可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃
烧的脂肪
要多。 另一方面。平均而言，
他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，
锻炼前
吃早饭
消耗更多一点的热量。故选
B
。
24
．推理判断题。根据最后一段
The implication of
these results is that to gain the
greatest health benefits
from
exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.
可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最
大的健康益处，先不
吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选
D
。
)
7.（2023·四川省绵阳南山中学校考开学考试）
My mother always told me, “You should explore your own country before stepping out into the world. ”However, it seems like a tough mission to travel all across its expansive surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevor, Joel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the
opportunity and secured four tickets on the great Canadian railroad.
For a group of 20-year-olds, this was like the first flight of young birds from the nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day adventure from Sudbury to Vancouver was to begin. Eyes baggy from lack of sleep, we jumped on board as if it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. Although the thought of three full days on those tracks covering close to 3, 000 kilometres crushed our spirits a little, what happened next caught
us by surprise.
The three days on board turned into a summer camp on rails. At night, we would climb up the glass-domed train car, which gave us a scenic view of the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution. Before we knew it, the warm sun rays beating down on our faces woke us up for another day on the rails. To my surprise, a
sea of golden grain fields dominated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Another day slipped away and we set up for another night in the dome. And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and
memorable light show left everyone in the glass bubble in complete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rocky Mountains was one of the most surreal experiences of my life. Before the train adventure, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. That is no longer true. I’ve
learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.
25 ．What has made the author’s train adventure across Canada a reality
A ．The encouragement given by his mother. B ．The appeal of the scenic views in the country.
C ．The discount ticket offered by Via Rail Canada. D ．His great courage to challenge a tough mission.
26 ．What can we infer about the young people from Paragraph 2
A ．They were excited about the coming train journey.
B ．They left their parents for the first time in their life.
C ．They never thought of having a train adventure.
D ．They were hooked by the magic story of Harry Potter.
27 ．What does“the glass bubble”in the fourth paragraph refer to
A ．A brain in lack of imagination. B ．The glass-domed train car.
C ．A summer camp on the train. D ．The sightseeing bus.
28 ．What did the author learn from the train adventure across Canada
A ．Opportunities are hard to get. B ．Enjoying a journey counts a lot.
C ．Splendid scenery attracts young people. D ．The traveling experience is not real to him.
(
【答案】
25
．
C 26
．
A
27
．
B
28
．
B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和朋友乘坐火车穿越加拿大的经历，描述了他们在路途中的所
见所闻和感受。
25
．细节理解题。根据第一段中
However, it
seems like a tough mission to travel all
across
its
expansive
surfaces. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offere
d youths between the
ages
of 18
and
25
the
chance
to
ride
the
train across Canada for the month of
July. The ticket was
a bargain
$150.
可知然而，穿越它广阔的表
面似乎是一
项艰巨的任务。但对我来说幸运的是，
Via Rail
Canada
为
18
至
25
岁的年轻人提供了在
7
月份乘坐火车穿越
加拿大的机会。票价便宜到
150
美元。由此可知，是加拿大
Via
铁路公司提供的折扣票让作者穿越加拿大
的火车冒险变成了现实。故选
C
。
26
．推理判断题。根据第二段中
For a group of
20-year-olds, this was like the first flight
of
yo
ung birds
from
the
nest. When we approached the train station in the morning, our 22-day
adventure
from
Sudbury
to
Vancouver was
to
begin
.
Eyes
baggy
from
lack
of
sleep
,
we
jumped
on
board
as
if
it
was
the
train
to
Hogwarts
in
Harry
Potter
.
可知
对于一群
20
多岁的年轻人来说，这就像是雏鸟第一次从巢里飞出来。当我们早上到达火车站时，我们从
Sudbury
到
Vancouver
的
22
天冒险就要开始了。由于睡眠不足，我们的眼睛都肿了起来，我们跳上了火车，
就好像是《哈利波特》里开往霍格沃茨的火车。由此可推知，
年轻人对即将到来的火车旅行很兴奋。故选
A
。
27
．词义猜测题。根据第三段中
At night, we would climb up th
e glass-domed train car, which gave us a
scenic
view of
the starry night sky, untouched by the harmful light pollution.
可知晚上，我们会爬上玻璃圆顶车厢，在
那里我们可以看到满天星斗的夜空，
没有受到有害的光污染。以及划线短语上文
And this tim
e we were greeted
by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstorm. Lightning was
striking
at
an
incredible rate.
The
spectacular
and
memorable light show left everyone
可知这次迎接我们的是描绘着梦幻般的雷雨的夜空。闪电以令人难以置信
的速度袭来。壮观而难忘的光影秀让
“the glass bub
ble”
里的每个人都难以置信。由此可知，
“the glass bubble”
指的是玻璃穹顶的火车车厢。故选
B
。
28
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中
I’ve learned that the
journey can be more enjoyable
than the destination.
可知
)
(
我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。由此可推知，作者从穿越加拿大的火车冒险
中学到了享受一段旅程很
重要。故选
B
。
)
8.（2023·天津 · 天津市新华中学校考二模）
Are you aware that every single person on this planet who has ever lived, lives now or will live, has a different perception of reality The way each of us perceives the world is to some degree different than any other person's perception of reality. __①__ What is absolutely real and right for you may be an illusion, or nonexistent, or
completely false for another!
It's important to know this. __②__ For example, the news media loves to create drama, and one of their favorite methods is to elicit(引起) fear: fear of other people, fear of the weather, fear of the economy, etc. The news media tells us how to perceive the world—and if a person takes the newscasters at their word, they perceive the world to be very dangerous and hostile. To that person ，the mental images and emotions suggested by other people create a version of reality that is completely different from the reality perceived by someone who does not watch
the news.
Things are not always what they seem. For most people, seeing is believing, which is why magicians, artists and marketers are so successful. Just like the TV news, they show you only what they want you to see and it is perceived as reality. But how would that reality change if you saw what went on behind the scenes or what was left
out
What's your story
We all have a story. Over time, your story takes on a life of its own and you become your story. But who's the author and why did him put so much crap in there All that unnecessary suffering, struggle, heartache, worry and pain... wouldn't it be better to live a story without all that Who wants to live in a story with that much boredom
and unfulfilled longings
The story got its start when you were born, and was co-authored by you along with the influences in your life. __③__ Anytime you were influenced by someone or something, you unconsciously handed your pen over and said “Here, you write this about me.” So you are not even writing your OWN story! No one does—until they recognize that fact, and make a conscious decision to take control of the pen. You CAN write your story the way you want it
to play out.
It is helpful to understand how the brain takes reality and filters it to create your unique perception of reality.
It's an automatic unconscious action that is based on：
● Physical experiences (which is why some optical illusions are extremely unsettling)
● Past conditioning (how you are programmed to see the world)
__④__ When you become aware of the fact that you are constructing your own reality, you can take charge and build one that is more pleasing. If you change your mind, your vibration and your intentions, you can change your circumstances! Instead of, “I am a victim of circumstance ，” imprint in your mind, “I am the co-creator of my life”； Instead of, “I am sick and tired of...” imprint in your mind ，“I am in control and enthusiastic about what I
do” .
Raise your vibration by thinking, talking and acting more positively. As positiveness becomes a mental habit，
that change will become your new inner reality, which will soon manifest in your outer reality.
The power of perception is immense. Choose to see more good than bad, more abundance than lack, more love
than indifference and more success than struggle.
29 ．What does the underlined word “perception” mean in the first paragraph
A ．sense B ．acceptance
C ．reception D ．deception
30 ．How does the author present his viewpoints in the first three paragraphs
A ．By answering questions. B ．By giving examples.
C ．By making comparisons. D ．By drawing conclusions.
31 ．The sentence “Because if you are not aware, your perception, world view and reality are created by other
people.” should be put in .
A . ① B . ② C . ③ D . ④
32 ．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in the blank
A ．Seeing is not believing
B ．Live up to your expectations
C ．Change your perception and create a new reality
D ．Physical experiences and past conditioning really count
33 ．What is the tone of the passage
A ．Instructive. B ．Humorous.
C ．Critical. D ．Ironic.
(
【答案】
29
．
A 30
．
B 31
．
B 32
．
C
33
．
A
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过
“
每个人对现实都有不同的感知
”
这一观点来展开讨论人应该如何正确地
看待世界。
29
．词义猜测题。根据第一段
“Are you aware
that every single person
on
this planet
who
has
ever
lived,
lives
now
or will live, has a diffe
rent
perception
of
reality ”
你有没有意识到每个活在这个星球上的人，
无论是以前生活过，
现在还活着或者是将要在此生活的人，
对现实都有不同的感知。以及下一句
“The way ea
ch of
us perceives the
world is to some degree different than any other person's perception
of
reality.”
我们每个人感知世界的
方式在某
种程度上都不同于其他人对现实的感知。可知画线词
perception
意为感知，故选
A
。
30
．推理判断题。由文章第一段引出话题，
第二段
“For example, the news media loves to create drama,
and
one
of
their
favorite
methods
is
to
elicit
(
引起
)
fear
:
fear
of
other
people
,
fear
of
the
weather
,
fear
of
the
economy
,
etc
.
例
如，新闻媒体喜欢制造戏剧，他们最喜欢的方法之一就是引发恐惧：对他人的恐惧、
对天气的恐惧、对经
济的恐惧等等。
”
是第一个例子，第三段
“. Just like the TV news, they show you
only what they
wa
nt
you
to
see
and it is perceived as reality.
就像电视新闻一样，
他们只向你展示他们想让你看到的东西，
这些东西被认为是
真实的。
”
是第二个例子，由此判断出作者是通过举例子来
呈现观点的。故选
B
。
31
．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句
“What is absolu
tely real and right for you may be an
illusion,
or
nonexistent, or completely false for another!
对你来说绝对真实和正确的东西可能
是一种幻觉，或者根本不存
在，或者对另一个人来说是完全错误的
!”
以及第二段第一句
“It's important to know
this.
知道这个很重要（指
上一
段最后一句话的内容）
”
由此判断出
“
因为如果你没有意识到， 你的感知、世界观和现实都是别人创造的
”
这里应该放在第二段最合适，所提供句子中的
aware
可以对应上文的
know
。故选
B
。
32
．推理判断题。由划线部分后一句
“It is helpful to understan
d how the brain takes reality and filters it to
create
your unique perception of
reality.”
这有助于理解大脑如何接受现实并过滤它，
以创造你对
现实的独特感知。由
此判断出
C
选项
“
改变你的看法，创造一个新的现实
”
为本段的副标题，与下文话题一致。故选
C
。
33
．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是文章最后一段说到
“The power of
percept
ion is immense. Choose to see more
good than bad, more abundance than lack, more love than indifference and
more
success
than
struggle.”
（
认知的
力量是巨大的，选择更多的去看到好的一面而不
是坏的，看到更充实的而不是缺乏，看到更多爱而不是冷
漠，
看到更多成功而不是挣扎。）可知，
作者
最后一段告诉读者要以积极的心态看待世界，
文章多用祈使句，
由此判断出短文富有教育意义。故选
A
。
)
9.（2023 春 · 天津南开 · 高三统考阶段练习）
Sometimes just when we need the power of miracles, they arise in the places we would least expect.
On a cold January afternoon in 1989, I was climbing Egypt’s Mt. Horeb, hoping to get to the peak by sunset to see the valley below. As I was winding up the narrow path, I’d sometimes see other hikers who were coming down. While they would generally pass with simply a nod or a greeting in another language, there was one man who did
neither.
I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia( 长 袍 ). What made his appearance so strange was that the man didn’t even appear to be
Egyptian, but was a small-framed Asian man with little hair and round glasses.
As we neared one another, I said Hello, but not a sound came from him. I thought maybe he hadn’t heard me. Suddenly he stopped directly in front of me, looked up from the ground, and spoke a single sentence to me in English, “Sometimes you don’t know what you have lost until you’ve lost it.” As I took in what I had just heard, he
simply stepped around me and continued his going down.
That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. The year was 1989, and it was during my Egyptian pilgrimage ( 朝圣), and specifically during my hike to Mt. Horeb, that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends,
my family, and ultimately, my life.
I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed in an Egyptian galabia coming down from the top of this historic mountain just when I was walking up, stopping before me, and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. My answer to my own question was easy: nearly no chance! In a meet that lasted less than two minutes, a total stranger had brought something clear and something of a warning, regarding the huge
changes that I would make within a matter of days. In my way of thinking, that’s a miracle.
Miracles are everywhere and occur every day for different reasons, in response to the different needs that we may have in the moment. Our job may be less about questioning the extraordinary things that happen in our daily
lives and more about accepting the gifts they bring.
34 ．Before the Asian man spoke, how did the author think about him
A ．He was very rude and strange.
B ．He was different from others.
C ．He was shy and nod to strangers.
D ．He looked ordinary and was talkative.
35 ．Why did the author make a pilgrimage to Mt Horeb in Egypt
A ．He was in search of a miracle in his life.
B ．It was a place for a religious person to head for.
C ．He intended to make arrangements for his future life.
D ．He waited patiently in expectation of meeting a wise person.
36 ．What does the underlined part “my own question” refer to in paragraph 6
A ．For what reason did the man stop before me
B ．Why did the Asian man go to the mountain
C ．What change would I make within a matter of days
D ．What was the probability that others told us the right words
37 ．Why did the author view the meet with the Asian man as a miracle in his life
A ．Because the Asian man’s appearance had a deciding effect on his future life.
B ．Because his words were in perfect response to the need he had at that moment.
C ．Because what the Asian man said was meaningful in the philosophy of life.
D ．Because the Asian man impressed on him the worth of what he had possessed.
38 ．What might be the best title for the passage
A ．Can you recognize a miracle B ．Is a miracle significant to us
C ．When might a miracle occur D ．Why do we need a miracle
(
【答案】
34
．
B 35
．
C 36
．
D 37
．
B
38
．
A
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的亲身经历论述
了
“
正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，
奇迹却出现在
我们最意想不到的地方
”
的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不
在，
每天都在发生，
因为不同的原因，
为了
回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的
事情，而是接受它们带来
的礼物。
34
．细节理解题。根据第三段中
I saw him coming and as he
got
closer,
I
could
see that,
unlike
other hikers,
he
was
wearing traditional Egyptian galabia(
长袍
).
我看到他走过来，当他走近时，我可以看到，和其他徒步旅
行者
不同，他穿着传统的埃及长袍。可知，在那个亚
洲人说话之前，作者认为他和其他人不一样。故选
B
项。
35
．细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中
…that I’d set the time aside to make decisions t
hat would
affect my
career, my friends, my family, and ultimately,
my life.
……
我抽出时间来做一些决定，这些决定将影响我的职
业生涯、我的朋友、我的家人，最终，还有我的生活。可知，作者朝圣的目的是为他未来的生活做安排。
故选
C
项。
)
(
36
．词义猜测题。根据划线词组上一句中的
I had to ask myself
what the chances we
re of
an Asian man dressed...
and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of
nowhere.
我不得不问自己， 一个穿着埃及加拉比亚长袍的亚洲
人从这座历史名山的山顶下来的几率有多大，就在我走上去的时候，他停在了我面前
，似乎不知从什么地
方冒出来， 给了我智慧。及划线词组所在句中
nearly no chance!
几乎没有机会！可知，
“
我的问题
”
是指他人
告诉我们真理的可能性是多少。故选
D
项。
37
．推理判断题。根据第五段中
That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason
is
less
about what
the
man said but more about the timing and th
e context.
…
那一刻在我的生命中是一个小小的奇迹。原因不在于他
说了什么，
而在于时间和背景
……
可知， 原因并非他
说了什么，
而是他说这话的时机以及当时我所处的背
景。由此判断出为什么作者认为与亚洲人的相遇是他生命中的奇迹是因为他的话完全符合他当时的需要。
故选
B
项。
38
．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，
作者以自己的亲
身经历论述了
“
正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，
奇迹却出现
在我们最意想不到的地方
”
的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，
每天都在发生，
因为不同的原因，
为
了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事
情，而是接受它们带
来的礼物。所以短文的最佳标题为
“
你能认出奇迹吗
”
。故选
A
项。
)
10.（2023·上海 · 高三专题练习）
In 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping the region and
taking photos and samples.
“As human beings, we’re drawn to absolutes—the deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obvious—plastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using the ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean
ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”
Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingesting( 摄 取 ) them—either directly or indirectly—could cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could
potentially impact animal populations.
But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but is only the most obvious of our many deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s
heating the atmosphere and making the ocean acidic, and the run-off nutrients from all the world’s agriculture,
which is causing anoxic(缺氧的) dead zones the size of countries,” Cameron says.
Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide—about 30 percent of which is absorbed by the sea. This absorption causes ocean acidi cation, where the pH level is altered to become more acidic. As a result, it’s harder for some creatures to form shells and skeletons and countless species at the base of the food web can struggle to survive, which, scientists say, has the potential to cause huge disruptions to entire ecosystems. Indeed, ocean acidi cation is thought to have
played an important role in Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago.
The effect of climate change on the world’s oceans will likely worsen in coming decades. Last June, scientists announced carbon dioxide levels had reached the highest levels since human records began. The last time carbon dioxide levels were this high was during the Pliocene era, between 3 and 5 million years ago, when global temperatures were about 4 degrees Celsius warmer than they are today. Current climate models suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend, we may be on course to see 4 degrees of warming by
2100.
As a result, understanding the role oceans have on global systems is becoming more and more important.
39 ．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A ．The author’s feelings to the ocean. B ．Cameron’s movies and remarks.
C ．The author’s discoveries under the sea. D ．Cameron’s observation and concern.
40 ．What can we infer from the passage
A ．Several countries are suffering from anoxic dead zones.
B ．More concern should have been given to the pollution on oceans.
C ．Plastic is supposed to be the most serious environmental problem.
D ．Ocean acidification removes the nutrients from agricultural products.
41 ．What does the underlined word “disruptions” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A ．Decreases. B ．Destruction.
C ．Diseases. D ．Discrimination.
42 ．Why does the author mention the mass extinction event 252 million years ago
A ．To call on people to protect sea animals.
B ．To compare current situations with the past.
C ．To explain how serious the ocean problem is.
D ．To prove pollution to be the cause of acidification.
(
【答案】
39
．
D 40
．
B
41
．
B
42
．
C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章由詹姆斯
·
卡梅隆的一次潜航经历引入，从气候变化、环境污染等不同方面
描述了海洋生态系统正在遭受的巨大破坏，告诫人们提高对海
洋环境的重视。
39
．主旨大意题。前两段讲述了大导演卡梅隆潜航至世界上海洋最深处，却看到了许多塑料垃圾。他发声
称
“Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to
c
ontinue
their
rapid
collapse.”
意为
“
如果还不做出改变，
海
洋生态系统将会继续崩塌下去
”
。这正是他的所观所想。故选
D
项。
40
．推理判断题。根据第四段
“Plastic waste in the ocean is horrifying but i
s only the most
obvious
of
our many
deadly waste streams, which include carbon that’s heating the atmos
phere and
making
the
ocean
acidic,
and
the
run
-
off
nutrients
from
all
the
world
’
s
agriculture
,
which
is
causing
anoxic
(
缺氧的
)
dead
zones
the
size
of
countries
”
可知，塑料垃圾的影响显而易见但也不能忽视其他废物排泄对海洋造成的影响，
人们对海洋污染的关注仅
仅着眼于塑料垃圾是远远不够的。故选
B
项。
41
．词义猜测题。
A. Decreases
减少
B. Destruction
破坏
C. Diseases
疾病
D. Discri
mination
歧视。分析划线词
所在句子可知，
一些生物难以生长甲壳和骨骼，许多的处于食物链底端的生物生存也十分艰难，这对整个
生态系统无疑是造成破坏的。故选
B
项。
42
．推理判断题。第五段最后一句
“Indeed, ocean acidi cation is thought to hav
e played an important role in
Earth’s worst-ever mass extinction event 252 million years ago
.”
提及了两亿五千二百万年前的物种大灭绝，海
洋酸化在其中扮演了重要角色，时下我们面临的情况也在朝着这个方向演进，这正是在说明
情况的严峻性。
故选
C
项。
)
11.（2023·全国 · 高三专题练习）
Turtles have an unfortunate habit of eating plastic objects floating in the sea. These then cannot be broken
down and digested, and may ultimately kill them.
It is widely assumed that this special liking for plastics is a matter of mistaken identity. Floating plastic bags, for instance, look similar to jellyfish, which many types of turtles love to eat. Yet lota of plastic objects that end up inside turtles are not similar to jellyfish. Joseph Pfaller of the University of Florida therefore suspects that the smell
of micro-organisms (微生物) which grow on floating plastic objects fools turtles to feed.
Researchers at the University of California noticed that certain chemicals, which are released into the air by micro-organism — colonised plastics, are those which many seabirds sniff to track down food. These chemicals
mark good places to hunt because they indicate an abundance of the seaweed and bacteria. Since turtles are known
to break the surface and sniff the air when swimming towards their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller indicated that they are
following these same chemicals, and are fooled into thinking that floating plastic objects are edible.
To test that idea, he and his colleagues set up an experiment. They arranged for 15 of the animals, each around five months old, to be exposed, in random order, to four smells delivered through a pipe to; the air above an experimental area. The smells were: the vapour from deionised (去离子) water; the smell of turtle-feeding meal; the smell of a clean plastic bottle; and the smell of a similarly plastic bottle that had been kept in the ocean for five weeks to allow seaweed and bacteria to grow on it. Two of the smells-the smell of meal and that of five-week-old
bottles-proved far more attractive to the animals than the others.
On the face of it, then, the turtles were responding to the smell of old bottles as if it were the smell of food. In
an unpolluted ocean, pretty well anything which had this smell would be edible-or, at least, harmless.
Unfortunately, five-week-old plastic bottles and their like are not.
43 ．What is most people's opinion on turtles' special habit
A ．Turtles prefer jellyfish to plastics.
B ．Turtles enjoy the taste of plastics.
C ．Turtles like being fed with plastic tools.
D ．Turtles choose to eat plastics for a mistake.
44 ．What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 3 mean
A ．Fit to eat. B ．Pleasant to smell.
C ．Far to reach. D ．Easy to digest.
45 ．What can we infer from Dr. Pfaller's research
A ．Many seabirds can track the food.
B ．Most animals find food through smells.
C ．Two smells are especially favored by turtles.
D ．The favored smell leads turtles to seek for food.
46 ．Why did the author mention the unpolluted ocean at last
A ．To explain why the ocean is polluted.
B ．To ask for people to feed turtles proper food.
C ．To arouse the awareness of protecting the ocean.
D ．To show his agreement on Dr. Pfaller's research.
(
【答案】
43
．
D 44
．
A
45
．
D
46
．
C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。海龟有一个不幸的习惯，就是吃漂浮在海里的塑料制品。研究人员对这种现象
背后的原因进行了分析和研究。
43
．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句
“It is widely assumed that this special liking
for plastics
is
a
matter
of
mistaken
identity.(
人们普遍认为，这种对塑料的特殊喜爱是一种错误的身份认同
)”
可知，大部分人
认为乌龟的特殊喜
好是因为错误的认知。故选
D
。
44
．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的
“are fooled in
to thinking”
可知，此处是指乌龟被愚弄，认为漂浮的塑料制
品是可以吃的。由此推知，划线词
edible
意为
“
可以吃的
”
。故选
A
。
45
．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的
“Since turtles are known to break the surface
and sniff
the
air when
swimming towards their feeding areas, Dr. Pfaller indicated that they
are
following these
same
chemicals(
因为众所
周知，海龟在游向它们的觅食区域时，会浮出水面，嗅闻空气，普法勒博士指出，
它们也在追随同样的化
学物质
)”
可知，海龟喜欢的气味会让它们去寻找食物。故选
D
。
46
．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句
“In an unpolluted ocean, pretty well anything w
hich had this smell
would
be edible-or, at least, harmless. Unfortunately, five-week-old plastic bottles and their li
ke
are not.
(
在未受污染的
海洋里，任何有这种气味的东西都是可以食用的，或者至少是无害的。不幸的是，五个星期前的
塑料瓶和
类似的东西却不是
)”
可知，此处是指在未受污染的海洋里
不管海龟吃了什么有这种气味的东西都是无害的，
但是在被污染的海洋里就不是这样，所以我们应该保护海洋。所以作
者在最后提到未受污染的海洋是为了
唤起保护海洋的意识。故选
C
。
)
12.（2023·全国 · 高三专题练习）
Because the commercial internet has been developed with so little regard for privacy, tech companies have been able to turn personal data into considerable profits, raising billions of dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their software. This week, Google announced a step in the right direction-but not a huge step, nor one that will stop Google from continuing to collect
immense amounts of personal data.
At issue is how online companies track internet users as they browse (浏览) from site to site online, typically through cookies (information that a website leaves in your computer so that the website will recognize you when you use it again). The most harmful version, “third-party” cookies, is the web alternative of a company posting
security guards across the internet to monitor what you do, even when you’re on other companies’ sites.
Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support third-party cookies, nor
would it create or use any other technology that tracks individual users across the web. Given that Google is a main
supplier of online advertising technology, its change in approach will impact far and wide.
That’s welcome news, although with huge amounts of warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were already on the retreat, with Apple and other makers of popular web browsers moving to block them. Meanwhile, Google, Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect personal information in large quantities from people who use their sites and services through first-party cookies and
similar techniques.
The concerns about personal data collection are the same whether it’s being collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Democracy and Technology. “Companies may use the information to discriminate among internet users, offering different goods, services and even prices to
different users.”
Instead of helping advertisers track individuals, Google says, it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly to large groups with common interests. That’s an improvement, even though it too may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of tracking at all Privacy advocates say pitches (兜售) can be targeted effectively by
basing them on where the user is at the moment, not where he or she has browsed previously online.
Ultimately, lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving people far more control over whether and how personal information is used online. Ideally the federal (联邦的) government will set a strong floor under online privacy protections, but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or voters to act, as this state has done with
its groundbreaking online privacy laws. It’s good to see Google move the ball forward, but there’s much farther to
go.
47 ．What does the underlined phrase “on the retreat” in Para 4 most probably mean
A ．Exposed. B ．Removed. C ．Emerging. D ．Fading.
48 ．It can be learned from the declaration that Google .
A ．is developing new technologies to stop data collection
B ．refuses to work with companies tracking privacy
C ．intends to abandon its advertising technologies
D ．resolves to stop the use of third-party cookies
49 ．From the passage we can know that first-party cookies .
A ．are still collecting personal information
B ．are blocked by big companies like Apple
C ．are mainly used by advertising companies
D ．are less concerning than third-party cookies
50 ．What is the writer’s attitude towards Google’s new move
A ．It is less satisfactory than expected.
B ．It needs to be more forceful to be effective.
C ．It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies.
D ．It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations.
(
【答案】
47
．
D 48
．
D
49
．
A
50
．
B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了本周谷歌宣布停止使用第三方
cookies
，这是朝着正确方向迈出的一
步
——
但并不是很大的一步，也不会阻止谷歌继续收
集大量的个人数据。
47
．词句猜测题。根据第四段中
“As Le
e Tien of
the Electronic Frontier Foundation noted, third-party cookies were
already
on the retreat
, with Apple and other makers of
popular web browsers moving to block them. (
正如电子前
沿基金会的李田指出的那样，第三方
cooki
es
已经
，苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它
们。
)”
由
“
苹果和其他流行浏览器制造商开始屏蔽它们
”
可猜测划线短语
o
n the retreat
意为
“
衰退，逐渐消失
”
。
故选
D
项。
48
．细节理解题。根据第三段中
“Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would n
o longer use
or
support
third-party cookies, nor would it create or use any other tech
nology that tracks
individual users
across
the
web.(
谷
歌周三在一篇博客文章中宣布，它将不再使用或支持第三方
cooki
es
，也不会创建或使用任何其他技术来跟
踪网络上的个人用户。
)”
可知，谷歌决心停止使用第三方
cookies
。故选
D
项。
49
．细节理解题。根据第五段中
“The concerns about personal data
collection are the same
whether
it’s
being
collected through first-party or third-party techniques, said Michelle Richardson of
the
Center
for D
emocracy
and
Technology. (
民主与技术中心的米歇尔
·
理查森表示，无论是通过第一方还是第三方技术收集个人数据，人
们对这些数据收集的担忧是相同的。
)”
可知，第一方
cookies
仍然在收集个人信息。故选
A
项。
50
．推理判断题。根据最后一段中
“ It’s good to see Google
move the ball forward, but there’s
much
farther to
go. (
很高兴看到谷歌将向前推进，
但是还有很长的路要走。
)”
可知， 作者认为谷歌的新举措需要更加有力的
推进才能有效。故选
B
项。
)
