Unit 4 Amazing Science 阅读理解 专练（含解析）仁爱科普版 英语九年级上册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Amazing Science 阅读理解 专练（含解析）仁爱科普版 英语九年级上册
（2022上·山东淄博·九年级统考期末）People often use shopping carts (购物车) when shopping in the supermarket now. But have you ever thought about when and how they were invented
In the early 20th century, more and more people owned cars and fridges. They wanted to buy lots of food at a time, but there were no ways to carry everything they want while walking around the supermarket.
It was Sylvan Goldman who designed the first shopping cart in 1937. However, the cart was not accepted by everyone. Men refused to use it as they thought they could easily carry a shopping basket. Women usually pushed a baby carriage (婴儿车) so they couldn’t push a shopping cart at the same time. It was only the older people who used it in the beginning.
Goldman took some measures to solve the problems. He ran ads that showed a tired-looking woman with a shopping basket full of goods. The ad read, “No more of this.” He also asked good-looking men and women to “shop” with shopping carts. He even paid a man to stand at the door to greet customers and offer them a cart. If they refused, he would note that everyone else was using a cart, pointing to the “model shoppers”. By the 1940s, shopping carts became popular.
Though the carts were widely used, they were not perfect. Later another inventor Orla E. Watson improved the shopping cart, making them look like the shopping cart we use today.
1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．People’s shopping habits in the early 20th century.
B．The reason why shopping carts were invented.
C．The rapid development of society.
D．The difficulties Goldman met.
2．Why did men refuse to use a shopping cart in the beginning
A．They thought they were strong enough to carry a shopping basket.
B．The cart was too small to hold the things they bought.
C．They had to push a baby carriage when they shopped.
D．The cart was difficult to push.
3．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To show the importance of the shopping cart.
B．To encourage people to invent more everyday things.
C．To tell us the invention and development of the shopping cart.
D．To explain why people didn’t use shopping carts in the beginning.
4．Which of the following proverbs (谚语) are shown in the passage
① A good beginning is half done. ②Rome was not built in one day.
③ No man can do two things at once④Need is the mother of invention.
A．①② B．②④ C．③④ D．①④
（2022上·山东德州·九年级统考期末）Lots of kids have been trying to find ways to help save the Earth. Some of them are encouraged by the “30 by 30” plan: Fifty countries have promised to protect 30% of Earth’s land and waters by 2030.
One of the kids is 11-year-old Beckett from Georgetown, Texas. He wants to help protect endangered species (物种). In 2019, he began working with Rainforest Trust. “I was really interested in trying to stop climate (气候) change,” he said.
With the help of his schoolmates, Beckett has started a group called Protection of Earth. The group organized a local Run and raised more than $700. The money helped to save more than 1,000 acres (英亩) of rainforest land. When the COVID-19 came, Beckett put together an online activity called Trivia: People could test their knowledge of birds, endangered species, and climate change. That raised $600 for rainforest land.
In Los Angeles, California, 10-year-old Justin is worried about frogs. Justin calls them “magical, because they come in different colors.” Last year he joined Rainforest Trust to help Ecuador’s rainforest and its frogs. He appeared on local TV news, and many people learned about what he had done. That helped him raise $2,000 to save almost three acres of Cloud Forest.
Justin hopes he can encourage other people to understand why frogs are so cool. “Frogs are telling us the planet needs help,” he said. “If frogs are dying wherever you are, that’s bad because it means the water you are drinking is polluted.”
5．How many kids are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
6．What group did Beckett set up
A．Rainforest Trust. B．Magical Frogs. C．Ecuador’s Cloud Forest. D．Protection of Earth.
7．How did Beckett raise money during the COVID-19
A．By organizing a local Run. B．By speaking on local TV news.
C．By starting Trivia online. D．By working for rainforest land.
8．The underlined word “him” in Paragraph 4 refers to (指代) ________.
A．Beckett B．Justin C．Beckett’s schoolmate D．Justin’s brother
9．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Protecting frogs means protecting ourselves. B．People put great interest in climate change.
C．Two kids raised money for COVID-19. D．The water you are drinking is polluted.
（2022上·福建福州·九年级校考期末）A businessman and inventor has been working on a great project that includes pulling a huge iceberg (冰山) all the way from Antarctica (南极洲).
Because of its special climate (气候), the United Arab Emirates (UAE) depends heavily on desalinated water (淡化水), which is bad for the environment. For the last six years Abdulla Alshehi has been working on a project to pull a 2km×500m iceberg from Antarctica, using modern technology to move it 5,500 miles to the Arabian Gulf, hoping to provide drinking water for millions of people for up to five years, as well as change the weather in this area.
In 1975, French scientists came up with the plan, but the plan failed two years later, as a result of technological difficulties.
Alshehi wants to pull a huge iceberg, using a belt (带子) to prevent it from falling apart during the long journey. He expects it to lose about 30% during the 10 months it would take to pull the iceberg to the Arabian Gulf, but the remaining would still leave more than enough.
How to keep the iceberg from turning into water fast is another big challenge. Alshehi said, “The iceberg is expected to reach in winter, and the iceberg is as deep as 300 meters in the sea —the deeper you go, the colder the ice is.”
More experiments will be done later this year, with a smaller iceberg going to be pulled for a short way by boat. If that works out well, preparations will be made to have a huge one moved.
10．The weather in the UAE is probably ________.
A．very dry with little or no rain
B．often rainy with strong winds
C．different from that of other places
D．too cold because of too much snow
11．To perform the project, the key point might be ________.
A．high costs B．changes in climate
C．technology support D．people’s agreement
12．What will happen if this project works successfully
A．More countries will do the same thing.
B．The world climate will be influenced.
C．People of the UAE would pay more for water.
D．The UAE will pull another iceberg several years later.
13．What can we know about the iceberg that Alshehi will choose
A．The iceberg may break up easily on the way.
B．Most of the iceberg will turn into water on the way.
C．The best time for the iceberg to arrive in the UAE is this winter.
D．The underwater part of the iceberg may be hundreds of meters below sea level.
14．The underlined word “one” in the last paragraph refers to “________”.
A．experiment B．iceberg
C．boat D．project
（2022上·山东烟台·九年级统考期末）These days, wearing a face mask (口罩) is a common thing to do, and it helps prevent diseases during COVID-19. However, that also means single-use face masks, gloves, and other PPE are the newest forms of rubbish on city streets, beaches, and in the ocean.
This is bad for all, and there are many reasons. And one of the worst ones is that the littered face masks can seriously hurt animals. Ashley Fruno, a member of an animal rights group said, “Face masks aren’t going away soon.” So when we throw them away, they can be bad for the environment and the animals that live on the same planet as us.
Monkeys have been found biting the straps (带子) of used masks in the hills outside Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur. This may make them lose their breath or even die. In Britain, a seabird’s legs have been found tangled (缠住) in the straps of a mask for up to a week. It was a painful experience for the seabird.
It’s hard to believe that face masks that once saved people’s lives are now killing wild animals. A large number of face masks are moving to the living places of animals. If you wear a single-use face mask, make sure of throwing it away properly. Never litter it on the ground, or throw it away outside, as the wind could blow it away.
Please don’t let the masks become a night-mare for wildlife. Thank you for doing your part to keep all animals safe!
15．Which of the following belongs to the newest forms of rubbish according to the passage
①single-use face masks ②single-use gloves
③single-use plastics ④single-use cups
A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．①②
16．What does the underlined sentence mean
A．People will stop wearing face masks in recent years.
B．Face masks can be blown to a far place in a short time.
C．Face masks can be made into other things soon.
D．It takes a long time for face masks to disappear.
17．How does the writer show the harm of littered face masks on animals
A．By giving reasons. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions.
18．What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A．Animals like to play with masks.
B．Face masks are only bad for animals.
C．Face masks can be buried under the ground.
D．Whether face masks are good or not depends on how people deal with them.
19．Where can we most probably read this passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a travel guide.
C．In a sports newspaper. D．In an environmental magazine.
（2022上·吉林长春·九年级校考期末）As we all know, environmental pollution is still serious nowadays. Our group wanted to know how many students knew about each kind of the pollution and we wanted to learn how often they sorted (分类) rubbish. So we did a survey among the students in our school. Here are the results of our questionnaire (问卷).
根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。
20．The survey is mainly about ________.
A．scientific research B．environmental protection
C．everyday habits D．physical education
21．We can know there are ________ parts in the questionnaire.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
22．________ is known by the fewest students.
A．Air pollution B．Water pollution C．Noise pollution D．Global warming
23．________ have begun to sort rubbish according to the chart (图表).
A．All of the students B．Most of the students
C．Some of the students D．None of the students
24．What can we learn from the results of the questionnaire
A．Air pollution is noticed by a large number of students.
B．The students don’t realize the situation of the environment at all.
C．Five kinds of environmental pollution are mentioned.
D．Most students take enough action to sort rubbish.
（2022上·广东肇庆·九年级统考期末）In a recent video sent from China’s space station Tianhe, an exercise bike caught lots of people’s attention.
China’s Shenzhou XII manned spaceship went into space on June 17. Three astronauts got in Tianhe to finish a three-month mission (任务), during which they needed to exercise often. On June 23, astronaut Nie Haisheng opened a box with a space exercise bike in it. Then he tried to ride it.
While working in the space station, astronauts need to get used to all of the changes in their bodies. They have to exercise every day, and the bike could help the three Chinese astronauts keep strong and prevent them from getting some health problems.
The space exercise bike was made by a company in Changzhi, Shanxi. The company started researching on space fitness equipment in 2006. It set up a research team of about 10 members to develop the space exercise bike. Because there was no experience for the team to learn from, they had to work everything out on their own. The first challenge was to choose the proper materials to make the bike.
It was not the first time the company had seen its fitness equipment being used in space. In 2012 Liu Yang, China’s first woman astronaut, became the first to test the exercise bike in the Tiangong-l space laboratory. In 2017, the company asked astronauts Liu Wang and Zhang Xiaoguang, and some other experts for their suggestions on the improvement of their equipment.
“Compared with equipment used in the Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2 space laboratories, the newest equipment is large and heavy. We also spent the most time developing it and solving the most difficult problems,” said Qin Younian, head of the space program of the company. “We will never stop doing research and improving our space exercise equipment.”
25．Astronaut Nie Haisheng first tried the space exercise bike_________.
A．on June 17 B．on June 23 C．in Tiangong-1 D．in Tiangong-2
26．What do we know about the company that developed the space exercise bike
A．It is in Shanxi Province.
B．It was set up in 2006.
C．It has at least 17 members now.
D．It started researching on space fitness equipment in 2012.
27．What was the first challenge in making the space exercise bike
A．Controlling its size. B．Controlling its weight.
C．Learning from the others experience. D．Deciding on the proper materials.
28．The writer wrote Paragraph 5 in order to ________.
A．share the stories of the team behind the special bike
B．tell us some basic knowledge of space fitness equipment
C．show the company’s efforts and achievements on the program
D．give suggestions on the improvement of the company’s equipment
29．In which part of a website can you read the passage
A．Art. B．Health. C．Culture. D．Technology.
（2022上·重庆沙坪坝·九年级重庆市第七中学校校联考期末）Superfast Writing Robot
Tech company has made a powerful robot that can write novels.
Type in (输入) “A cat wants to go to space” and ask the robot to write a bedtime story. Just one second later, you’ll get a story of a cat called Max, who was on his way past many difficulties to sing among the stars.
This robot writer is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US company Open AI developed it to make up human-like texts. It can translate languages, talk with people and write songs, poems and even jokes. It’s one of the most powerful AIs of its kind, with the complete writing skills of a real person!
People around the world have tried ChatGPT and posted their results on social media. Some used it to write history articles, some asked it to take notes or give advice on how to communicate with people at a party, reported Thne Atlantic.
The power of ChatGPT lies in its speed and understanding of complicated (复杂的) matters. We may spend hours researching, understanding and writing an article on a certain topic. But ChatGPT can produce a well-written one in seconds. Another good thing about it is that if you ask dark, harmful questions, such as how to make weapons (武器), it will not give you an answer.
ChatGPT appears at a time when AI is becoming better at doing creative tasks. The materials they create are difficult to distinguish (区分) from those made by humans. This also causes many problems, such as the copyright (版权) and the definition (定义) of art. They are still waiting for humans to solve.
30．The writer uses “the story of the cat” as an example to ________.
A．show what creative work ChatGPT can do B．introduce a cat that wants to go to space
C．introduce a series of bedtime books D．show how many stories ChatGPT can create
31．ChatGPT can do following things except ________.
A．making up human-like texts B．singing songs to people
C．writing songs, poems and even jokes D．producing a good article in seconds
32．The underlined word “harmful” in Para. 5 means “________”
A．复杂的 B．有用的 C．有好处的 D．有害的
33．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．how people will feel about writing in the future B．what problems AI writing can cause
C．the reasons why people dislike AI writing D．human efforts in developing AI writing
（2022上·江西赣州·九年级统考期末）“Welcome to our new ‘classroom’!” said Chen Dong, one of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission. They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct. 12th. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station, but the first one from the Wentian lab module (实验舱) since its launch in July. The former two classes were held in the Tianhe core module (核心舱).
What does the new “classroom” look like Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around. “The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), while our beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astronauts in the Wentian lab module need to sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling (天花板) or upside down!
The astronauts also showed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat (小麦), thale cress (拟南芥) and rice are grown. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Through a voice-controlled camera, Chen already sent a picture of the thale cress to scientists on Earth. Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本). “I’ll put it into a fridge at -80℃ and later give it to scientists on Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study how the environment of space affects the growth of plants.
“Can you see the water drops coming from the leaves This is called ‘guttation’ (植物吐水现象),” said Liu, holding the well-grown rice. In space, the water drops are much bigger than those on Earth. So people can clearly see the guttation.
“We hope in the near future, we can harvest (收获) the food grown on our own,” said Chen. “Maybe one day, we can grow food on the moon or even on Mars!”
34．What’s the theme (主题) of the passage
A．Nature. B．Science and technology.
C．Living environment. D．Communications.
35．What does the third space class include
①Show the new classroom to us. ②Introduce the “space farm”.
③Grow wheat . ④Describe the guttation. ⑤Water the plants
A．②③⑤ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②⑤
36．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The fridge. B．A picture of the thale cress.
C．A sample of wheat. D．A sample of thale cress.
37．Which of the following best show the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
38．What is the writer’s purpose according to the passage
A．To show us a special class. B．To tell us how to grow food in space.
C．To teach us how to sleep in space. D．To encourage us to grow food on the moon.
（2022上·河北石家庄·九年级统考期末）
Do something for your local environment In this issue （期号）, we look at things we can do for our local environment. #1. ________ Do you want to grow your own vegetables or keep a few chickens Do you think you have green fingers There are almost one hundred sites （场所） available on three-year leases （租约）. All the sites are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Interested Then give us a call. # 2.Cycle, don’t drive! Do you drive to work Could you cycle We have built lots of new cycle lanes in the last two years. They are clearly marked and you can find a complete route （路线） map on our website. Remember, cycling is not only good for the environment but it will also help you stay healthy. # 3.Cleaner streets for the town In the last few weeks, lots of new bins have been placed along the high street in an effort to keep our town tidy. Our community wardens （管理人）will be checking the street and will fine （罚款） anyone who drops litter. The fine for littering is 100. # 4.One green, one brown and one black Starting this month, we’re introducing a new rule of recycling. Households will be given three bins.The green one is for recyclable rubbish, such as paper, plastic, glass and cards; the brown one is for garden and food waste and the black bin is for all other rubbish. New collection time will be announced soon.
Any questions Call 0908-551-372 and speak to Sam Davies or visit HYPERLINK “http://www.townsvillegesgreen.gov.uk” www.townsvillegesgreen.gov.uk for more information.
39．Who is the text written for
A．Schoolchildren.
B．General public.
C．Young people.
D．Government officials.
40．What is the proper title for #1
A．Make money from the site!
B．Want to have green fingers
C．Cycling is good for the environment!
D．Live local, think global, stay hopeful!
41．Where can you find a cycle route map
A．In a travel guide.
B．In a local newspaper.
C．In the next issue.
D．On the council website.
42．Which color bin do you use if you want to throw away bottles
A．Green.
B．Brown.
C．Black.
D．None of the above.
（2022上·陕西西安·九年级校考期末）Feng Boyao is a 14-year-old student at No. 37 Middle School in Taiyuan. He often goes to the library to read books. One day, he noticed that there weren’t many Braille (盲文) books provided for the blind and that most of those books were outdated (过时的).
At the same time, Meng Shuqi, Feng’s classmate, knew that one of her relatives couldn’t read the latest books because of the same reason. They then teamed up to help the blind by fixing the problem.
One year later, the two teenagers succeeded in inventing a new kind of Braille reader. In July, their work won first prize in a national competition. When connected to a computer, their Braille reader can turn words into raised dots (凸起的点). Blind people can then read by touching the dots.
“After doing market research by comparing different Braille readers, we’ve found that most Braille readers are very hard to use and expensive. Each of them sells for over 10,000 yuan,” Feng said. “So we decided to develop a user-friendly product especially for young blind children from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Moreover, it only costs about 2,000 yuan. ”
To make the invention, the team gained (获得) lots of knowledge and skills by reading online materials and asking their teachers for help.
After making their first device (设备), Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice. They then improved their device. For example, they changed the size of the screen and the amount of space between the dots. “We hope the invention will be widely used in the future to help those blind people who can’t afford expensive Braille readers,” Meng said.
43．Feng and Meng invented the new Braille reader in order to ________.
A．make money B．learn Braille
C．help the blind D．enter a competition
44．How does the new Braille reader work
A．By reading books aloud.
B．By helping the blind touch the dots.
C．By changing words into raised dots.
D．By making raised dots on blind people’s computers.
45．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．The Braille reader’s screen is very small.
B．The Braille reader has become popular at a school.
C．Feng and Meng gave away their devices to a school.
D．The Braille reader has been improved according to users’ advice.
46．What is the passage mainly about
A．The development of Braille readers.
B．A new way for the blind to read.
C．An invention competition.
D．Tools for the blind people.
（2022上·江苏盐城·九年级校考期末）It’s widely believed that Chinese is one of the most difficult languages in the world. For one thing, Chinese has tens of thousands of characters. And its writing system is also one of the main challenges to all Chinese learners. More importantly, the language has different tones (声调), so how you speak a word can completely change its meaning. For example, “ma” with the first Chinese tone means “mom”, but with the third tone, “ma”, it means “horse”.
However, according to the Ministry of Education in China, the Chinese language learning is available in more than 180 countries and regions around the world. 76 countries have included the Chinese language in their national education systems and nearly 200 million people have received Chinese language training.
With so many interesting foreign languages to learn, why do they choose Chinese For one, China plays an important role in the world events. Learning Chinese may help one find a good job. Also, China has a long history with rich culture and its culture and cooking styles have long influenced its neighbors and the West. Knowing the language also makes traveling around China easier and more enjoyable.
As for learning Chinese, there is no magic way. Just spend time practicing it. Listen and speak as often as possible. Listen to Chinese music and watch Chinese movies and shows. Try to speak with native Chinese speakers and encourage them to correct your mistakes. Or practice speaking on your own. Read traditional Chinese stories to understand its culture. Or try reading a Chinese newspaper. As for writing, practice by writing Chinese characters in a notebook. As you improve, create sentences with them. In all, you have to be patient, and you really have to push yourself hard.
47．How many reasons are given to show Chinese is difficult to learn
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
48．The word “available” in the second paragraph means ________ in Chinese.
A．可获得的 B．可能的 C．禁止的 D．普遍的
49．What can we learn from the Ministry of Education
A．Less than 76 million people learn Chinese now.
B．Students from 180 countries must learn Chinese at school.
C．There are 200 foreign schools having Chinese language training.
D．Chinese language learning has drawn more and more foreigners’ attention.
50．Which of the following is mentioned in Para.3
①China’s history ②China’s role in the world ③China’s places of interest ④China’s education system
A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④
51．What does the last paragraph want to tell us
A．Learning Chinese is magic. B．It’s easy to start learning Chinese.
C．It takes hard work to learn Chinese. D．Speaking is more important than writing.
（2022上·重庆·九年级校联考期末）Have you ever seen the day begin The dark sky starts to look brighter. Then suddenly the sky is all pink and red and gold even a little green. The earth has turned bright until the sun is shining on the place where you are. This is what makes it day.
The sun is always shining, but it can only shine on one side of the earth at a time. It can’t light the side that is away from it. When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, it is night where you are. At night, you can see the stars.
All day the stars are in the sky, but the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them. When the sun is gone, the stars are bright enough to see. Stars look as tiny as pinheads (针头), but some are even bigger than the sun. Big things look little when they are far away. In the sky, planes look like toys, but on the ground you can see that they are big. Stars are millions of times bigger than planes. They look very small because they are so far away. The sun is closer than the other stars. So it looks bigger.
52．We can’t see the stars in the sky because ________.
A．it’s dark B．when the sun is gone
C．the light from the sun is not bright D．the light from the sun is so bright
53．Big things look little ________.
A．when they are far away B．when they are close to us
C．when the sun is too bright D．when the sun is gone
54．Why does the sun look bigger than the other stars
A．Farther than the others. B．Closer than the others.
C．Bigger than the others. D．Brighter than the others.
55．When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, ________ where you are.
A．it is bright B．it is darker C．it looks brighter D．it is night
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了购物车是如何发明的及其发展。
1．段落大意题。根据“more and more people owned cars and fridges. They wanted to buy lots of food at a time, but there were no ways to carry everything they want while walking around the supermarket.”可知，人们想一次性买很多食物但是却没办法在超市逛的时候拿所有东西，所以本段主要介绍了发明购物车的原因，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Men refused to use it as they thought they could easily carry a shopping basket.”可知，男人们拒绝使用它，因为他们认为自己可以轻松拎着购物篮，故选A。
3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了购物车是如何发明的及其发展。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“They wanted to buy lots of food at a time, but there were no ways to carry everything they want while walking around the supermarket.”可知，因为人们的需要所以才发明了手推车，说明“需要是发明之母”，即④；根据手推车发明初期，人们拒绝使用到后来采取各种措施使人们接受并使用直到流行起来，以及手推车从发明初期到最后被改良成我们今天使用的购物车，可知，其验证了“罗马不是一天建成的”这一谚语，故选B。
5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了正在想办法拯救地球的孩子们。
5．细节理解题。根据“One of the kids is 11-year-old Beckett from Georgetown, Texas”和“In Los Angeles, California, 10-year-old Justin is worried about frogs”可知文中提到了两个孩子，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“With the help of his schoolmates, Beckett has started a group called Protection of Earth.”可知Beckett在同学的帮助下建立了一个叫“地球的保护”的组织，故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“When the COVID-19 came, Beckett put together an online activity called Trivia: People could test their knowledge of birds, endangered species, and climate change. That raised $600 for rainforest land.”可知在新冠期间Beckett通过组合一个叫作Trivia的线上活动筹钱，故选C。
8．词义猜测题。根据“Justin calls them ... Last year he joined Rainforest Trust to help Ecuador’s rainforest and its frogs. He appeared on local TV news, and many people learned about what he had done. That helped him raise $2,000 to save almost three acres of Cloud Forest.”可猜测此段中“he”和“him”都是代指Justin，故选B。
9．主旨大意题。根据第五段可知本段告诉我们，如果我们生存的地方没有了蛙就意味着我们的饮用水受到污染，所以保护蛙就是保护我们自己，故选A。
10．A 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了阿联酋是一个严重干旱缺水的国家，为了最终解决这个难题，企业家Abdulla Alshehi计划将南极的一座冰山拖到波斯湾。
10．推理判断题。根据“the United Arab Emirates (UAE) depends heavily on desalinated water...hoping to provide drinking water for millions of people for up to five years, as well as change the weather in this area.”可知，阿拉伯联合酋长国严重依赖脱盐水，企业家Abdulla Alshehi计划从南极拖一座冰山来解决人们的饮水问题，也改善一下该地区的天气，由此可推知，阿联酋气候干旱少雨。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中“How to keep the iceberg from turning into water fast is another big challenge.”可知，如何防止冰山融化是另一个巨大的挑战，由此可推知，科技是整个计划的关键。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“.If that works out well, preparations will be made to have a huge one moved.”可知，如果进展顺利，它可以为阿联酋人民提供五年饮用水，几年后阿联酋会再次拖一座大冰山。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段中“and the iceberg is as deep as 300 meters in the sea”可知，冰山可能深达海下300米。由此可推知，计划中选用的冰山在水下的部分可能深达海平面下几百米。故选D。
14．代词指代题。根据最后一段可知，今年晚些时候将会做更多的实验，用小船将一座较小的冰山近距离拖拽。如果这一切顺利，Abdulla Alshehi就准备移动一座大冰山了。画线词one指代的是冰山。故选B。
15．D 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了新冠肺炎疫情期间挽救人命的口罩，如今却成了野生动物的“杀手”。作者呼吁人们使用口罩后，勿随意丢弃。
15．细节理解题。根据“that also means single-use face masks, gloves, and other PPE are the newest forms of rubbish on city streets, beaches, and in the ocean.”可知一次性口罩、手套和其他个人防护装备是最新的垃圾形式。故选D。
16．词句猜测题。根据“Face masks aren’t going away soon”可知口罩不会很快消失，即要花费很长时间才能消失。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“Monkeys have been found biting the straps (带子) of used masks in the hills outside Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur...In Britain, a seabird”可知作者通过猴子和海鸟的例子讲述了乱扔口罩对动物的危害。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据“These days, wearing a face mask (口罩) is a common thing to do, and it helps prevent diseases during COVID-19”以及“Please don’t let the masks become a night-mare for wildlife. Thank you for doing your part to keep all animals safe”可知口罩可以阻止疾病，但是乱扔口罩也会对野生动物造成威胁，所以人们要采取措施，为保护所有动物的安全尽自己的一份力量，由此可推知口罩好不好取决于人们如何处理口罩。故选D。
19．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了新冠肺炎疫情期间挽救人命的口罩，如今却成了野生动物的“杀手”。作者呼吁人们使用口罩后，勿随意丢弃，故文章可能出现在一本环境杂志上。故选D。
20．B 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个关于环境污染调查的结果。
20．细节理解题。根据原文“As we all know, environmental pollution is still serious nowadays”可知，这个调查主要是关于环境污染的。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据原文“Our group wanted to know how many students knew about each kind of the pollution and we wanted to learn how often they sorted (分类) rubbish”可知，这个调查问卷分两部分，一个是关于环境污染，一个是关于垃圾分类。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据原文“noise pollution | 30%”可知，关于环境污染的种类，学生最不了解的是噪声污染。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据原文“always | 5% | sometimes | 20%”可知，一些学生开始实践垃圾分类。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据原文“air pollution | 90%”可知，空气污染问题被许多学生所熟知。故选A。
25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了太空锻炼自行车。
25．细节理解题。根据“On June 23, astronaut Nie Haisheng opened a box with a space exercise bike in it. Then he tried to ride it.”可知6月23日，航天员Nie Haisheng打开一个装有太空健身车的盒子。然后他试着骑它。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据“The space exercise bike was made by a company in Changzhi, Shanxi.”可知这辆太空健身自行车是由Shanxi，Changzhi的一家公司制造的。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“The first challenge was to choose the proper materials to make the bike.”可知第一个挑战是选择合适的材料来制造自行车。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据第五段可知，这个公司早在2012年就已经将他们的设备用于太空，并且及时跟进宇航员的感受以作更好的改进，选项C“展示公司在该项目上的努力和成就”符合段意。故选C。
29．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了太空锻炼自行车，因此可以推断出在科技网站上看到。故选D。
30．A 31．B 32．D 33．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能写小说的强大机器人。
30．推理判断题。根据“Type in (输入) ‘A cat wants to go to space’ and ask the robot to write a bedtime story. Just one second later...”和“This robot writer is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US company Open AI developed it to make up human-like texts. It can translate languages, talk with people and write songs, poems and even jokes.”可知，作者以“猫的故事”为例展示ChatGPT可以做的创造性工作。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“This robot writer is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US company Open AI developed it to make up human-like texts. It can translate languages, talk with people and write songs, poems and even jokes.”和“We may spend hours researching, understanding and writing an article on a certain topic. But ChatGPT can produce a well-written one in seconds.”可知，ChatGPT除了“给人们唱歌”外，可以执行以下操作：编造类似人类的文本、 写歌、写诗甚至写笑话以及几秒钟内写出一篇好文章。故选B。
32．词句猜测题。根据“Another good thing about it is that if you ask dark, harmful questions, such as how to make weapons (武器), it will not give you an answer.”可知，如果你问一些黑暗、有害的问题，比如如何制造武器， 它不会给你答案，因此划线的单词“harmful”表示”有害的”。故选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据“The materials they create are difficult to distinguish (区分) from those made by humans. This also causes many problems, such as the copyright (版权) and the definition (定义) of art...”可知，本段主要讲述了人工智能写作可能会带来的问题。故选B。
34．B 35．C 36．D 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了在10月12日，“太空教师”陈冬在中国空间站给广大青少年上第三次太空科普课的经过。
34．主旨大意题。根据“They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct. 12th. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station...”可知，文章主要讲述了宇航员在中国空间站给广大青少年上太空科普课的事情，故文章的主旨是有关科技方面的。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“What does the new ‘classroom’ look like Chen, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, showed us around.”和“The astronauts also showed their ‘space farm’”和“Can you see the water drops coming from the leaves This is called ‘guttation’ (植物吐水现象),... ”可知，第三次太空课程包括展示新的教室、介绍太空农场以及描述植物吐水现象。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“Then he used scissors to cut a sample (样本).”可知，他用剪刀剪一个拟南芥的样本，然后放冰箱冷冻再带到地球给科学家研究，所以it指代的是一个拟南芥的样本。故选D。
37．篇章结构题。第一段引出文章的主旨：第三次太空课程；中间三段主要介绍了第三次太空课程的内容；最后一段作出总结，表达希望。因此文章结构是总分总。故选D。
38．主旨大意题。根据“They were giving a science class 400 kilometers above Earth on Oct. 12th. It was the third space class from the Tiangong space station...”以及后文内容可知，作者的目的是给我们展示第三次太空课程。故选A。
39．B 40．B 41．D 42．A
【导语】文章是一篇期刊文章。主要讲述了公众可以为保护当地环境做些什么。
39．推理判断题。根据“we look at things we can do for our local environment.”可知，文章讲述了可以为保护当地环境做些什么，主要是面向公众。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据“Do you want to grow your own vegetables or keep a few chickens Do you think you have green fingers ”可知，这一段主要讲了租地进行自己的种植或养殖农产品。故选B。
41．推理判断题。根据“They are clearly marked and you can find a complete route map on our website.”可知，可以在网页上找到。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“The green one is for recyclable rubbish, such as paper, plastic, glass and cards”可知，瓶子放在绿色垃圾箱。故选A。
43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个学生发明了新的盲文阅读器来帮助盲人阅读的故事。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段“They then teamed up to help the blind by fixing the problem.”和第三段“One year later, the two teenagers succeeded in inventing a new kind of Braille reader… Blind people can then read by touching the dots.”可知，冯伯尧和孟书绮发明了新的盲文阅读器，以帮助盲人阅读。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据“When connected to a computer, their Braille reader can turn words into raised dots.”可知，阅读器是通过将文字改变成凸起的点来工作的。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段“After making their first device, Feng and Meng visited a school for the blind to get advice. They then improved their device.”可知，冯和孟参观了一所盲人学校，寻求建议，然后他们改进了他们的设备；选项D“根据用户的建议对盲文阅读器进行了改进。”符合语境。故选D。
46．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两个学生发明了新的盲文阅读器来帮助盲人阅读的故事；选项B“盲人阅读的新方法。”符合文章主题。故选B。
47．C 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了虽然学汉语很难，但现在世界上很多国家的人都在学习汉语。文章介绍了他们学习汉语的原因，以及学习汉语的正确方法。
47．细节理解题。根据“For one thing, Chinese has tens of thousands of characters. And its writing system is also one of the main challenges to all Chinese learners. More importantly, the language has different tones (声调), so how you speak a word can completely change its meaning.”可知，这里例举了汉语难学的三点原因，分别是：汉字多；书写难；有不同声调。故选C。
48．词义猜测题。根据“76 countries have included the Chinese language in their national education systems and nearly 200 million people have received Chinese language training.”可知，76个国家将汉语纳入国民教育体系，近2亿人接受了汉语培训，说明汉语在很多国家和地区是可获得的。故选A。
49．推理判断题。根据第二段教育部给出的数据可知，汉语引起了越来越多外国人的关注，A、B、C选项的数字都对应错误。故选D。
50．细节理解题。根据“China has a long history with rich culture”可知，这里提及了中国的历史；根据“China plays an important role in the world events”可知，这里提及了中国的国际地位。第三段并未提及中国的名胜古迹和教育体系。故选A。
51．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As for learning Chinese, there is no magic way.”和“In all, you have to be patient, and you really have to push yourself hard.”可知，学习汉语没有捷径，需要耐心和努力。故选C。
52．D 53．A 54．B 55．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了和太阳相关的信息。
52．细节理解题。根据“All day the stars are in the sky, but the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them.”可知我们看不到天上的星星，因为太阳发出的光太亮了。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“Big things look little when they are far away.”可知大的东西在很远的地方看起来很小。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“The sun is closer than the other stars.So it looks bigger.”可知是因为太阳比其他恒星更近。故选B。
55．细节理解题。根据“When the sun is shining on the other side of the world, it is night where you are.”可知当太阳照射在世界的另一边时，你所在的地方就是夜晚。故选D。
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