中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题08 阅读理解技巧及（名校期末真题）过关练20篇
·模块一 阅读单选技巧
·模块二 阅读单选（名校期末真题）进阶练20篇
（一）直接理解题
这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
（1）Which of the following statements is true ／ false
（2）Which of the following is（not）mentioned
（3）How many ／ How much ／ Where ／ How ／ What……
（4）What does the writer think about
（5）Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage
要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是读者在对材料有所了解的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻找答案，往往与略读综合使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
（1）略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
（2）按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example，first，second……预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
（3）将自己的精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形扫视，待找到含有相关细节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至找到答案。
（二）语义理解题
在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的意思。此类问题考查学生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、词语或短句意义的能力。常见的题型有：直接对生词进行解释；对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意义作出准确判断；对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释；对文中一些代词的指代对象作出界定等。这种题型常见的设题方式如下：
（1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means______.
（2）The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
（4）What does the underlined word“…”refer to______.
（5）By … the writer means______.
在做此类题时，考生应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切不要望文生义或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有：
1）根据构词法猜测词义；
（2）根据上下文猜测词义；
（3）根据定义或解释猜测词义；
（4）根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义；
（5）根据生活常识猜测词义。
（三）逻辑推理题
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题型常见的设题方式有：
（1）From the text，it can be inferred that______.
（2）The passage suggests that______.
（3）Which of the following best describes______.
（4）The writer’s attitude towards…is______.
（5）From the text，we learn that______.
这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
（1）根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。
（2）根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。
（3）根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。
（4）根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
（四）归纳总结题
这种题型要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题（title）、主题（main idea）、结论（conclusion）、结局（end）等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中的内在信息。常见的设题方式有：
（1）The general idea of the passage is about______.
2）The main idea of the article is______.
（3）The main purpose of this selection is______.
4）The passage suggests that______.
5）Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage
具体解题时，应注意一些技巧：
（1）首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一句话往往会提供重要信息，可以帮助我们搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
（2）速读全文，整体理解短文大意，抓住关键词语，弄清文章的主旨。
（3）根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先将文后的选择题看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于对文章进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
（4）迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。通过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级广州市白云区金广实验学校校考期末）When you walk in a Chinese city early in the morning, you’re likely to see groups of people exercising in the park. You’ll see them moving through a series of slow graceful movements. As their bodies flow from one exercise to the next, their minds are focused only on their deep, relaxed breathing.
Tai chi is part of national cultural heritage (遗产) which Chinese people take pride in. This ancient mind-body exercise is known as tai chi, and you don’t have to live in China to benefit from it. According to a survey in 2007, more than 2 million Americans are currently practicing tai chi.
Tai chi is called a mind-body type of exercise because it combines meditation (冥想), focused breathing, and physical movement. Because it’s also a low-impact (低强度的) exercise, it may be particularly suitable for older adults, but it’s a helpful exercise for people of all ages.
Tai chi developed in China as a type of Wushu. Today tai chi is used to develop fitness, meditation, balance, breathing, and well-being.
If tai chi is something you might like to try, look for a tai chi class near you. Keep in mind that training programs are different in many ways. You might want to ask around for a recommendation or try a class before you sign up. Ask some tai chi instructors about their training and experience.
Tai chi is generally considered a low-risk exercise that is both safe and enjoyable. If you have any physical or medical problems, talk with your health care provider before starting any exercise program. And remember, although tai chi has many advantages, it can’t take the place of regular medical care.
1．Why does the author give the example in paragraph 1
A．To describe a scene. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To summarize the text. D．To guide the readers around the city.
2．What can we know from paragraph 2
A．Some foreigners are interested in tai chi.
B．Tai chi makes people happy, wise and energetic.
C．Chinese people don’t take tai chi seriously now.
D．Tai chi was considered a way to lengthen one’s life.
3．What is the best title of this passage
A．Different Schools of Tai Chi around the World
B．Tai Chi—a National Heritage and Wonderful Exercise
C．The Origin and Forms of Tai Chi
D．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Practicing Tai Chi for the old
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）Two men were sitting together. They were flying on a long journey. One of the men was a businessman. The other was a farmer. They sat without talking for a while, but then the farmer said, “Let’s do something to kill the time.”
“What do you want to do ” the businessman asked.
“We can ask each other some riddles,” the farmer said.
“OK. Let’s make rules first,” the businessman said. “If you don’t know the answer to a riddle, you pay me $100. And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll pay you $100.”
“That’s not fair. You are a businessman with much knowledge. You know more things than I do. I am just a farmer,” the farmer said.
“That’s true,” the businessman said. “What do you want us to do ”
“If you don’t know the answer to a riddle, you pay me $100. And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll pay you $50,” the farmer said. The businessman thought about this. Then he said, “OK. That’s fair. Who will go first ”
“I will,” the farmer said, “Here is my riddle. What has three legs when it walks, but only two legs when it flies ”
The businessman thought for 10 minutes and said, “Mm, that’s a good one. I’m afraid I don’t know the answer.” He gave the farmer $100. Then he said, “Tell me the answer.”
“I don’t know, either.” the farmer said. Then he gave the businessman $50.
4．Where did the story happen？
A．On a plane. B．In a shop. C．On a farm. D．In a company.
5．What does the underlined word “riddles” in Paragraph 3 mean in this story
A．Games in doing business.
B．Difficult games to make rules.
C．Great ways to win money.
D．Questions to find the answers to.
6．Why did the businessman agree to give more money if he lost
A．He was interested in making riddles.
B．He was better at playing riddle games.
C．He thought he knew more than the farmer.
D．He made much more money than the farmer.
7．What can we know about the farmer according to the passage
A．He spent all his money on his ticket.
B．He didn’t want to pay even one dollar.
C．He won fifty dollars by playing the game.
D．He didn’t enjoy himself on his long journey.
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）
Instagram is a popular way for users to share pictures, videos and messages with family and friends. Most people use the service on their mobile phones.
Now, Instagram users can use the service for a completely different activity reading books. The New York Public Library recently has started a new service called Insta Novels. This new service will include a collection of classic books through Instagram. All Instagram users can get these service, not just people in New York City.
Library officials have promised to provide readers with “some of the greatest stories ever told”. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was the first on Instagram. The New York Public Library said this famous story was specially designed for Instagram to include colorful cartoons and modern drawings.
The books can be found in Instagram Stories. This Instagram feature (特色) was to let users post photos and videos that would disappear after 24 hours. But then, Story Highlights was introduced last year as a way for users to keep content in Stories for as long as they want.
Library officials say the main purpose is to make people read in general. But it also shows how the library is changing to fit an online world and attract younger people.
Christopher Platt, the New York Public Library’s chief library officer, spoke about the service. “We want people to understand that libraries aren’t just places full of dusty books.” he said.
The library has lined up several other classic works for the coming months. These include The Yellow Wallpaper, a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and The Metamorphos is by Franz Kafka.
8．What does people usually use Instagram for
A．Collecting some classic books.
B．Sharing pictures, books and news.
C．Posting photos, videos and messages.
D．Showing colorful cartoons and drawings.
9．The New York Public Library started the new service mainly to _______.
A．earn more money
B．ask people to surf the Internet
C．make itself more famous
D．encourage more people to read
10．What does the underlined word “These” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The classic works.
B．The new services.
C．The coming months.
D．The public libraries.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．Free library for everyone.
B．A new service on Instagram.
C．The great feature of Instagram.
D．New York City’s reading project.
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom Qin, made the pen better. When Meng was leading an army to fight outside, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking how to make it better.
One day after hunting, Meng went home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with ”
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too soft to write well. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.
A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, today students are taught to use the brush pens in schools. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
12．Why did Meng Tian want to make the pen better
A．Because the king asked him to do so.
B．Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C．Because he didn’t have silk to write on.
D．Because the pen brought him much trouble.
13．When did Meng think of the good idea in Paragraph 3
A．When he saw the trail.
B．Before hunting animals.
C．During cleaning the hair.
D．After he wrote a report.
14．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
A．d-b-a-c B．b-d-c-a C．b-d-a-c D．d-c-b-a
15．What can we learn from the passage
A．Build a peaceful world.
B．Keep trying what you think.
C．Make friends with animals.
D．Value wonderful memories.
（2023·广东广州·八年级统考期末）Stargazing（观星） is rising in China. If you like seeing stars, this is the article to read!
When the night arrives, try looking up at the sky. It will help you shake off your worries and get closer to nature. Stargazing is becoming popular in China, especially among the young.
Stargazing can happen in the city. You can go to a park with equipment （设备） to look at the stars. There is also a big group of people who enjoy watching the night sky using only the naked（裸 的） eyes. But to get great pictures of stars, many stargazing lovers travel across provinces. The best conditions for stargazing are dry air, little to no rainfall, light to no air pollution, and a location on a mountain or in the desert.
Here are the top 10 most beautiful places for stargazing in China.
★ Ngari Dark Sky Park, Tibet
★ Changbai Mountain Scenic Area, Jilin
★ Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang
★ Chaka Salt Lake, Qinghai
★ Nam Co Lake, Tibet
★ Seven Stars Terrace Scenic Spot, Jinan
★ Heimahe Town, Qinghai
★ Yamdrok Lake, Tibet
★ Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area, Anhui
★Kuocang Mountain, Zhejiang
Using stargazing apps can help you enjoy the beauty of the night sky easily. Try these two apps and see!
STAR WALK
This app is friendly to stargazing beginners. Just let the app view the sky through your phone’s camera. It will show stars in the direction you’re facing. You can also track （追踪） the movement of planets. There is a “Visible Tonight” section. It helps you watch objects you can see on a given evening.
STELLARIUM MOBILE
This app is known for its good constellation （星座） pictures and big database, which has over 1.69 billion stars. You can find and label （标注） your favourite constellations and planets by pointing your phone at the sky. Zoom in, you can see very clear photos of galaxies（星系）. The app can be connected to most telescopes.
16．________ most beautiful places for stargazing are located in Tibet.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
17．With STAR WALK, you can ________.
A．follow the movement of planets B．label your favourite planets
C．take clear photos of the sky D．use it alone without a camera
18．This passage is most probably written for ________.
A．Jane, who is crazy about photographing B．Lily, who has interest in indoor activities
C．Jim, who likes playing basketball D．Tom, who loves nature and space
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）The following are two news articles from TEENS.
China’s women’s basketball team made history once again! On Sept. 30, 2022, they won second place at the FIBA Women’s World Cup. It’s the second time in history, 28 years after taking silver at the ________ competition. Although the Chinese players lost to Team USA, they’ve given a performance to be proud of. “We have to try our very best in every match and show the spirit of our Chinese women basketball players,” team member Li Meng told China Daily. The team is very young. Head coach Zheng Wei just took over the team in May. The team also had a reshuffle (重组) after the Tokyo Games. The two center players, Han Xu, 22, and Lí Yueru, 23, are now the key players. Both played in the US Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) last season. They think their WNBA experience has helped a lot.
On April 9, the International Space Station (ISS) welcomed its first all-private (全私人的) team of astronauts. They were part of the Ax-1 mission. The four space travelers are on a 10-day trip to the station. They include former (前任的) NASA astronaut Michael Lopez-Alegria and passengers rich enough to buy the expensive ticket: American Larry Connor, Canadian Mark Pathy and Israeli Eytan Stibbe. Each of them paid $55 million (about 350 million yuan) for the rocket ride, reported NPR. Unlike other tourist flights into space, the three passengers did hundreds of hours of training. Instead of just being tourists, the team plans to carry out 25 experiments in science, education and human health, reported Space website. One of the experiments could help NASA build larger space telescopes than ever before.
19．Which of the following year can be put in the blank of the first article
A．1993. B．1994. C．1995. D．1996.
20．According to the first article, which is NOT TRUE
A．Team USA won the first place at this year’s FIBA Women’s World Cup.
B．Four China’s women’s basketball team players are mentioned.
C．The team had a reshuffle before the FIBA Women’s World Cup.
D．Both Han Xu and Li Yueru played in the US WNBA last season.
21．According to the second article, who needn’t pay for the space trip
A．Michael Lopez-Alegria. B．Larry Connor. C．Mark Pathy. D．Eytan Stibbe.
22．When did the all-private team of astronauts return to the Earth
A．On April 9. B．On April 19. C．On April 20. D．On April 2.
23．What can we learn from the second article
A．The space passengers of the team are all from the same country.
B．The space tickets were very expensive and cost 5,500,000 yuan each.
C．The three passengers did thousands of hours of training before the trip.
D．The team members did more than being tourists during the space trip.
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）
China’s railway miracles have been on since last century.
During the Qing Dynasty, building a railway without foreign help was believed to be impossible. But Zhan Tianyou, the chief engineer of the Jingzhang Railway, overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200-kilometer-long Jingzhang railway was completed (完成) in 1909. As China’s first independently-designed railway, it plays an important role in Chinese railway history.
110 years later, the world’s first intelligent, high-speed railway line, connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou, came into operation. The railway line is 174 kilometers long with 10 stations. Running at a high speed of 350 km/h, the railway line has greatly reduced the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou, from over three hours to only 47 minutes. Some trains on the Beijing—Zhangjiakou line are smart because they provide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) for passengers. These trains can start, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies by themselves.
All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Passengers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.
In addition, the Badaling Great Wall station, the deepest underground railway station, is another great example of the country’s miracles in railway building.
24．Why is Jingzhang railway important in Chinese railway history
A．It was built in Qing Dynasty.
B．It was built by Zhan Tianyou.
C．It was completed by Chinese ourselves.
D．It was completed with the help of foreigners.
25．How much time does the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway line save
A．More than 2 hours. B．About 47 minutes.
C．More than 3 hours. D．About over 3 hours.
26．What is the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway line like
A．Smart and long. B．Fast and intelligent.
C．Fast and wireless. D．Intelligent and wireless.
27．What do all the ten stations bring about
A．Paper tickets. B．Their ID cards.
C．E-ticket services. D．Online passengers.
28．What is the passage mainly about
A．The speed of Chinese railway. B．The history of Chinese railway.
C．The changes of Chinese railway. D．The miracles of Chinese railway.
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）
If you have to describe (描述) yourself to someone else, what will you say It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside, but knowing who you are, or being self-aware, can help you understand feelings and make friendships closer.
Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character. If you’re self-aware, you may know that you love playing an instrument because you do well in it, and music makes you happy, or that you like watching TV better on your own because it helps you relax.
Knowing what you like and dislike, what you are good or bad at allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and build confidence. The WHO (World Health Organization) says self-awareness is one of ten important life skills that help young people live healthier and happier lives. Being self-aware doesn’t mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too.
How do you learn to be self-aware It is a good way to ask questions. Ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why”. For example, if you don’t understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you’re arguing.
Learning to be more self-aware is a skill. You learn it as you grow. So be bold and try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different kinds of music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something —discovering what you don’t like is a key part of learning more about yourself.
29．Which of the following statements shows you are self-aware
A．Knowing your personality well.
B．Knowing you prefer watching TV.
C．Knowing how to play an instrument.
D．Knowing how to make friendships closer.
30．Why does WHO believe self-awareness an important skill
A．It helps to make better decisions.
B．It helps the young build confidence.
C．It stops you only thinking of yourself.
D．It helps improve young people’s lives.
31．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about
A．The way of being self-aware.
B．The result of being self-aware.
C．The reason of being self-aware.
D．The problem of being self-aware.
32．What does the underlined word “bold” in the last paragraph mean
A．Worried. B．Brave. C．Active. D．Smart.
33．Where can we probably read the passage
A．In an advertisement. B．In a history book.
C．In a health magazine. D．In a news report.
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives （侦探） looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes （前缀） and suffixes（后缀） can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it
If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
34．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The situation. B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known.
35．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them.
36．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
37．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
38．What should you do if you want to use your “rooting for words” skills well
A．You should use your dictionary first. B．You should practice and work hard.
C．You should work as a detective. D．You should make more examples.
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles（车辆）in 2030. Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines（传统内燃机）. In January, American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric vehicles in 2035.
Henrik Green is Volvo’s chief technology officer（首席技术官）. Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet（满足）the expectations of their customers. Second, there is no long-term future for cars with traditional engines. Third, it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution. As governments try to reduce pollution, more carmakers like Volvo are increasing production of electric vehicles.
If you want to buy one of these Volvos in about nine years, you will have to make your order online. You will still be able to look at cars at a Volvo store now. The Volvo stores, which are known as dealership（经销商）, will remain in place so that customers can look at cars and have them repaired.
In making the announcement, Volvo says it also plans to show a new eclectic vehicle. The company hopes that in four years, half of its sales around the world will come from electric vehicles. The other half will come from cars known as hybrid cars. Hybrid cars use mixed power of electric and traditional engine to move the vehicles.
Volvo sold about 660, 000 cars worldwide last year. Around the world, about 2-and-a-half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts（分析家）expect that to increase by 70% in 2021.
39．By 2030 ________ will have stopped making traditional internal combustion engines.
A．Volvo B．General Motors
C．both Volvo and General Motors D．neither Volvo nor General Motors
40．________ reasons for the Volvo’s move to electric vehicle production are mentioned.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
41．Who is the chief technology officer of Volvo
A．General Motors. B．Volvo. C．Henry Smith. D．Henrik Green.
42．How many cars did Volvo sell in the year 2020
A．About six hundred and sixty thousand. B．About six million.
C．About 2-and-a-half million. D．About 70% of the year 2021.
43．What does the writer want to tell us
A．Traditional internal combustion will be more popular.
B．The government doesn’t want to fight against air pollution.
C．Volvo will only make electric vehicles in 2030.
D．Volvo is the largest car company in the world.
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级南山实验教育麒麟中学校考期末）Sharon Reasonover first started volunteering at the age of 16. She hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that summer day.
Sharon got to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas. RMH is a “home-away-from-home” for families so they can spend little money or no money to stay close by their sick children.
Sharon remembered her first time walking into RMH—nervous and afraid of doing something wrong. After only 5 minutes, she began to communicate with families. “That day, I played with kids, laughed with their parents, and heard so many stories.” says Sharon.
Now Sharon is a 21-year-old student at the University of North Texas. She is still volunteering with RMH. “I met so many people there, and they changed my life,” she says.
A smile that Sharon will always remember came from a girl named Caroline. Caroline was badly ill, and she had great difficulty in eating. One day, Caroline’s mom was angry with her, because she refused to have dinner. To help, Sharon said to Caroline that if she ate 5 bites, Sharon would do whatever she wanted. Little Caroline ate dinner that day, and Sharon had to dance in front of everyone! Although Caroline has passed away (去世), Sharon will never forget her smile.
44．RMH is a group to help ________.
A．sick children B．sick children’s parents
C．sick parents D．sick parents’ children
45．What’s the meaning of the trip to RMH for Sharon
A．What being sick is like. B．What it is like to help others.
C．What can be done to make others happy. D．What is the relationship between parents and children.
46．How did Sharon feel about her first day in RMH
A．Busy. B．Stressed. C．Relaxed. D．Bored.
47．What did Sharon do to help Caroline eat
A．She talked with her mother. B．She danced for others.
C．She laughed with her. D．She cooked for others.
48．Why can’t Sharon forget Caroline’s smile
A．Her smile changed Sharon’s life. B．The smile is a beautiful one.
C．It’s hard to make her smile. D．Caroline is a special girl.
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级南山实验教育麒麟中学校考期末）Logan Guleff, a 13-year-old boy, won 51,000.000 in a TV cooking competition for kids. How could he win Why is he good at cooking “I practiced a lot, and I knew I had to be my best. I never looked at the prize. I just cared what to do next.” says Guleff.
Guleff loves Mexican food, hamburgers, and anything over an open fire. He also loves cooking food and trying new dishes. Let’s find out how he makes Pack Fish, his dish in the competition. This is going to be a great healthy way to eat your fresh fish.
To get ready, mix some butter and herb (香草) together. Put the butter mix in the fridge for future use. It can get bigger in cold temperatures. It is great on fish. And you can also try other butter mix, and put it on meat or chicken. To make Pack Fish, you need fresh fish, potatoes, asparagus (芦笋), salt, pepper, and the butter mix. First, cut a small potato into thin places, and clean some asparagus. Next, put the potato on a piece of aluminum foil (铝箔), and add some salt and pepper. Then, put the fish and asparagus on the potato, cover the fish with the butter mix, and add more salt and pepper. After that, fold (包) the aluminum foil around the fish and put the pack into the oven (烤箱).
Turn on the oven and wait for about 20 minutes. Now you can enjoy your Pack Fish!
49．What can we learn from Guleff s words in Paragraph 1
A．He was sure he could win the prize. B．He thought he was the best kid cook.
C．Ho just planned for another competition. D．He was well prepared for the competition.
50．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The fridge. B．The open fire. C．The butter mix. D．The cold tempcrature.
51．Which of the following is at the bottom (底部)
A．Fresh fish. B．The small potato. C．Asparagus. D．Some salt.
52．What should you do to make Pack Fish
A．Cut up the fish. B．Make the butter mix at last.
C．Add salt and pepper twice. D．Cover the fish with asparagus.
53．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Pack fish from a TV cooking winner B．How to cook Pack Fish in 20 minutes
C．Make healthy food by yourself D．Pack Fish: a very healthy dish
（2022上·广东广州·八年级广州市白云区金广实验学校校考期末）“Life is speeding up. Everyone is becoming unwell.” This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unwell person who lived in ancient Rome wrote it.
We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives. But is it true that having all these developments really improves the quality (质量) of our lives.
Picture this: You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. A message from your friend appears on the screen. The noise from the telephone is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up (熬夜) all night to get it done.
Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often make us feel stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier Perhaps that is because they live simpler lives.
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions that we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons, Benjamin, 10, and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phone.
The grandmother, Lyn, said, “The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes.” The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a fashionable (时尚的) granny to one who cooked things.
54．Who was the quote (引语) in paragraph 1 written by
A．The old granny. B．The unwell writer.
C．An ancient Roman. D．A creative inventor.
55．What does the writer want to tell us in paragraph 3
A．New inventions can bring us some troubles.
B．New inventions can help us work more efficiently.
C．New inventions can improve the quality of our lives.
D．New inventions can make people feel relaxed while working.
56．Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house in paragraph 5
A．Because they loved to live simple lives.
B．Because they were troubled by modern inventions.
C．Because they all enjoyed by modern inventions.
D．Because they wanted to experience life without modern inventions.
57．What is the passage mainly about
A．The history of technology.
B．Problems caused by technology.
C．The development of the new inventions.
D．How the telephone improves our life.
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
The 8th Art Festival is coming! Many activities will be held to celebrate this important and meaningful festival at Xinhua Junior High School! There will be 10 artistic events including a musical show and an art show and so on. The events will last until the end of December. We will hold our opening ceremony(开幕式) in the Harrington Center on Friday, Dec. 3rd. It will be a day of laughs and lots of fun. It’s the time to get together for an enjoyable two-hour activity. Look forward to your coming! Students’ Union
Our school is hosting the Musical Show on Dec. 19th at Harrington Center, Bank Road at 9 a.m. All students are welcome to try out for the show at the audition (试演), which will be held on Dec. 8th in the school’s Music Club. Grade 7: 9:30~11:30 a.m. Grade 8&9: 1:40~3:40 p.m.
Art works are made by students in Grades 8-9. It opens on Dec 21st. Visual arts show in the school’s Central Hall. Enjoy until the last day of December, weekdays. If you are interested in buying one, you can pay by WeChat or cash. Please call Ms. Carlee Green at 632-336-0945.
58．Where should you go if you want to take part in the opening ceremony
A．In the Music Club. B．In the Harrington Center.
C．In the Central Hall. D．In the school library.
59．Lucy, an 8th grader, can go at ________ if she would like to try out for the musical show.
A．10:30 a.m. on Dec 8th B．3:00 p.m. on Dec 19th
C．9:00 a.m. on Dec 19th D．2:40 p.m. on Dec 8th
60．What can you know from the passage
A．Some works of art will be made by 7th graders.
B．Only 7th graders can take part in the musical show.
C．Students can buy some of the art pieces in the art show.
D．Students can see the art show any time before December.
61．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To introduce Art Festival to parents.
B．To show students how to make music.
C．To ask students to join in the Art Festival.
D．To tell students where to go at weekends.
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
Mr. Ratchett enjoyed a good grumble（牢骚）. He got plenty of practice because he lived next door to the Goat family. The Goat family liked making trouble. They butted and bleated. They nibbled（啃）his hedge. Sometimes they put their horns down and chased his cat. It didn’t matter. Mr. Ratchett enjoyed having something to grumble about. One day, he put on his grumpy gardening clothes and his special moaning boots and went out to garden and grumble. What was this Things were very quiet. Things were too quiet. Mr. Ratchett looked over the hedge. He saw a furniture van. The Goats’ grandfather clock was being loaded into it by two furniture movers. Then the movers loaded the Goats’ television set. The moving van drove away. Up in the high hills, the Goat family was jumping around. “It’s very quiet up here,” said Father Goat. He sounded rather sad. “It’s too quiet,” said Mother Goat. “There is no one to tease,” said the little Goats sadly. Back in his garden, Mr. Ratchett sighed to himself, “It’s going to take me a long time to get to all this peace and quiet. A man needs a bit of grumbling to bring a sparkle（火花）to his eyes.” Rrrrm! Rrrrm! Went something next door. Mr. Ratchett looked over the fence. The furniture van was coming back again. Out of it leapt the Goat family. “You again!” shouted Mr. Ratchett. Under his grumpy gardening clothes his heart was singing for joy. “We couldn’t stay away!” shouted the little Goats. They began to butt and bleat and make a big noise. “We like making trouble and we need a scratchy neighbour close by.” “Fiddle-faddle!” shouted Mr. Ratchett, but he smiled as he said it. What a lot of wonderful grumbling he would be able to do tomorrow! When the Goat family couldn’t see him, he did a little grumbler’s tap dance in his grumpy gardening clothes and his moaning boots.
62．How did Mr. Ratchett feel about the trouble made by the Goat family
A．He didn’t mind it. B．He didn’t like it.
C．He was unhappy with it. D．He wanted to keep it off.
63．What can we infer from the talk among the Goat family
A．They liked the quiet place.
B．They missed their old home.
C．They wanted to find a new friend.
D．They had a good time in the hills.
64．Which of the following shows the correct order of the story
a. The Goat family jumped around in the high hills.
b. Two furniture movers helped the goats move away.
c. Mr. Ratchett always grumbled the noisy Goat family.
d. Mr. Ratchett was sad and lonely in his garden.
e. Mr. Ratchett was happy to see the Goat family again.
A．b-a-c-d-e B．c-b-e-a-d C．b-e-a-c-d D．c-b-a-d-e
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
The Flowbee was invented in the late 1980s. What is it It is a special kind of machine. It cuts hair with little mess. The Flowbee was made by an American man who built things with wood.
In 1987, Rick Hunt was working in his wood shop. A lot of wood was cut in the shop, so little pieces of wood were everywhere. They were on the ground, on Hunt’s shirt and even in his hair. The shop had a big vacuum（真空吸尘器） for cleaning. Hunt used it to clean not only the shop, but also himself.
The pieces of wood were easily sucked（ 吸 ） from his clothes and his hair. As Hunt used the vacuum to clean his hair, he got an idea. “This would be a good way to cut hair with less mess,” he thought.
He added some special parts to a common vacuum. In this way, the first Flowbees were born. Those first Flowbees were sold out of Hunt’s home. Then, a fall festival was held near Hunt’s home. He took all of his Flowbees there, and a lot of people bought them. Next, Hunt went on television with the Flowbee. More and more Flowbees were sold.
More than a million Flowbees were sold in America over the next ten years. Today, this interesting machine is sold to people around the world. Hunt’s clever way to cut hair really works. Sometimes great ideas come from surprising places.
65．What kind of machine is the Flowbee
A．A funny machine to dry hair. B．A useful machine to cut hair.
C．A modern machine to cut wood. D．A smart machine to clean the floor.
66．Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________.
A．when the Flowbee was invented B．what the Flowbee was used for
C．where the Flowbee was invented D．how the idea of the Flowbee came
67．Which of the following about the Flowbee is TRUE
A．Hunt added some parts to a vacuum to invent the Flowbee.
B．Thousands of Hunt’s Flowbees were sold out of his house.
C．A million people knew about Flowbees at the fall festival.
D．People around the world could buy Flowbees in the 1980s.
68．What can we learn from the story
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．It’s never too old to learn.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Success may come from creativity.
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）Hold your hands together and you feel the heat from them. Did you know that this heat could be a kind of energy
Ann Makosinski, a girl from British Columbia, Canada, made a flashlight(手电筒) that only uses the heat from your hands as power. The invention won top prize in last year’s Google Science Fair’s 15~16 age group. Makosinski was just 15 then.
Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6.
She said as humans, we produce heat every minute. She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight.
She found a kind of tiles(瓷片). These tiles produce electricity when one side is heated and the other side is cooled.
She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it. Holding the flashlight with your hands would make the tiles heat up on one side. At the same time, the air cools the tiles on the inside of the flashlight.
The electricity that was made by the tiles was enough for an LED light, but it did not make so much voltage(电压). Without voltage, flashlights will not light up.
To deal with the problem, Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home. She said sometimes she thought it would never work, but she knew “You just have to keep going”. In the end, she made a circuit(电路) by herself and it worked!
Makosinski is working on getting a patent(专利) for her flashlight.
69．Which of the following is TRUE about the flashlight
A．It was invented by a girl from Britain. B．It only uses the heat from people’s heads.
C．It won the second prize in Google Science Fair. D．It had tiles both inside and outside of it.
70．How old is Ann Makosinski now
A．13. B．14. C．15. D．16.
71．What does the underlined word “that” refer to
A．A special type of tiles. B．Electricity produced by tiles.
C．Heat produced by humans. D．2020 Google Science Fair.
72．How did Ann Makosinski deal with the problem of voltage
A．She put tiles inside and outside of the flashlight. B．She held the flashlight with her both hands.
C．She worked hard to make a circuit on her own. D．She worked on getting a patent for her flashlight.
73．Which phrases can best describe Makosinski
A．Being gifted and pretty. B．Helping scientists warmly.
C．Working at school carefully. D．Sticking firmly to her interest.
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
letter I V X L C D M
value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows.
Hand signals（ 手 势 ）may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs(拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”.
Roman numbers are read from left to right.
The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules.
If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90.
If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113.
Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths.
However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth II. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us.
74．Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4
A． B． C． D．
75．What does the Roman number LXXII mean
A．28 B．32 C．68 D．72
76．Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times
A．Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers.
B．Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers.
C．Because people widely used them in their daily life.
D．Because the number zero brought a problem to maths.
77．What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Arabic numbers. B．Roman numbers. C．Subjects like music. D．Watches and clocks.
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）Stage I of Metro Line 20 began test runs on Monday. It will become Shenzhen’s first driverless subway line when it is put into use at the end of this year.
The 8.36-kilometer Stage I of Metro Line 20 has five stations, connecting Terminal 4 of Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport with Shenzhen World Exhibition & Convention Center (深圳国际会展中心) in Bao’an District.
Driverless trains will run for 20 days, between 7:30 a.m. and 8 p.m. every 5 minutes and 36 seconds during rush hours and 7 minutes during off-peak hours. The line has used the communication-based train control (CBTC) technology. The new technology improves railway work efficiency (效率) and driverless trains become much safer.
Driverless metro lines have many good sides over their human-controlled metro lines. They can achieve higher work efficiency and improve safety by over 50 percent. Driverless metro lines can also run by themselves all the time, including opening and closing doors and dealing with accidents.
According to Shenzhen Metro Group, the driverless train technology will be first tested on Line 20. It will continue to be put into use to other lines including Lines 12, 13, 14 and 16. Because of the good sides of driverless train lines, many Chinese cities plan to build such metro lines in the future.
78．Which district does Stage I of Metro Line 20 run in
A．Luohu District. B．Nanshan District. C．Bao’an District. D．Futian District.
79．What can we know about Stage I of Metro Line 20 in the passage
A．It will run for twenty-two days. B．It has used the CBTC technology.
C．It has been put into use this summer. D．It became Shenzhen’s first subway line.
80．Which of the following is NOT the good side of driverless metro lines
A．They can stop accidents from happening.
B．They can run by themselves all the time.
C．They can achieve higher work efficiency.
D．They can improve safety by over 50 percent.
81．Why will many Chinese cities build new driverless metro lines
A．Because driverless train lines have many good sides.
B．Because human-controlled metro lines are out of date.
C．Because Shenzhen Metro Group wants to make money.
D．Because driverless train lines has begun running tests.
82．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Metro Line 16 is not as dangerous as other lines.
B．Many cities will build new driverless metro lines.
C．Metro Line 20 has more good sides than other lines.
D．Shenzhen put first driverless metro line on running test.
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）
In Lhasa, the capital of Tibet(西藏) China, stands a great palace —Potala Palace. The palace built by Songtsen Gampo to honor Princess Wencheng makes both the Han people and the Tibetans think of a beautiful story that happened 1,300 years ago.
The story began with a 16-year-old girl, who was beautiful and full of imaginations of the faraway lands. She was Princess Wencheng—one of the daughters of the most powerful emperor (皇帝) of the Tang at that time. Many heads from neighboring countries, including Songtsen Gampo from the Tubo Kingdom wanted to marry(娶) her, but got no answer. Gampo was a hero. He joined the whole Tibet together and developed a written system of the Tibetan language. For the peace with Tang, he once again sent his man to Tang to ask for marriage and succeeded.
Travelling thousands of miles from Chang’an to Lhasa was very difficult. Princess Wencheng and her men had to cross the deserts full of wild winds and stormy weather. They spent one year on the road. However, she had great courage with no regret.
As they reached Lhasa, Tibetans warmly welcomed the Chinese princess to her new home—Potala Palace, a palace with Tang’s style. Songtsen Gampo even began to learn Chinese language. He did all these to make less the homesickness of his wife. And with her knowledge from books and her careful watching, Princess Wencheng made suggestions to her husband but never tried to make him do anything.
Princess Wencheng lived in Lhasa for 40 years. In memory of her contribution (贡献) to the peace of the nation, the locals built a temple in the late seventh century, a historical place that has been kept for 1,300 years.
83．Why did Songtsen Gampo build Potala Palace
A．To develop Tibetan people’s culture. B．To make Han people live a happy life.
C．To let people think of a beautiful story. D．To show respect for Princess Wencheng.
84．Who was Songtsen Gampo
A．The ruler of Tubo Palace. B．A hero of peace from Tibet.
C．A worker of Potala Palace. D．The emperor of Tang Dynasty.
85．Which is the topic sentence of Paragraph 3
A．The first sentence. B．The second sentence.
C．The third sentence. D．The last sentence.
86．How was their married life
A．Peaceful. B．Quiet. C．Funny. D．Hard.
87．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Potala Palace. B．Songtsen Gampo.
C．A Historic Story. D．Princess Wencheng.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题08 阅读理解技巧及（名校期末真题）过关练20篇
·模块一 阅读单选技巧
·模块二 阅读单选（名校期末真题）进阶练20篇
（一）直接理解题
这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
（1）Which of the following statements is true ／ false
（2）Which of the following is（not）mentioned
（3）How many ／ How much ／ Where ／ How ／ What……
（4）What does the writer think about
（5）Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage
要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是读者在对材料有所了解的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻找答案，往往与略读综合使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
（1）略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
（2）按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example，first，second……预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
（3）将自己的精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形扫视，待找到含有相关细节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至找到答案。
（二）语义理解题
在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的意思。此类问题考查学生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、词语或短句意义的能力。常见的题型有：直接对生词进行解释；对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意义作出准确判断；对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释；对文中一些代词的指代对象作出界定等。这种题型常见的设题方式如下：
（1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means______.
（2）The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
（4）What does the underlined word“…”refer to______.
（5）By … the writer means______.
在做此类题时，考生应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切不要望文生义或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有：
1）根据构词法猜测词义；
（2）根据上下文猜测词义；
（3）根据定义或解释猜测词义；
（4）根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义；
（5）根据生活常识猜测词义。
（三）逻辑推理题
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题型常见的设题方式有：
（1）From the text，it can be inferred that______.
（2）The passage suggests that______.
（3）Which of the following best describes______.
（4）The writer’s attitude towards…is______.
（5）From the text，we learn that______.
这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
（1）根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。
（2）根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。
（3）根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。
（4）根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
（四）归纳总结题
这种题型要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题（title）、主题（main idea）、结论（conclusion）、结局（end）等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中的内在信息。常见的设题方式有：
（1）The general idea of the passage is about______.
2）The main idea of the article is______.
（3）The main purpose of this selection is______.
4）The passage suggests that______.
5）Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage
具体解题时，应注意一些技巧：
（1）首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一句话往往会提供重要信息，可以帮助我们搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
（2）速读全文，整体理解短文大意，抓住关键词语，弄清文章的主旨。
（3）根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先将文后的选择题看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于对文章进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
（4）迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。通过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级广州市白云区金广实验学校校考期末）When you walk in a Chinese city early in the morning, you’re likely to see groups of people exercising in the park. You’ll see them moving through a series of slow graceful movements. As their bodies flow from one exercise to the next, their minds are focused only on their deep, relaxed breathing.
Tai chi is part of national cultural heritage (遗产) which Chinese people take pride in. This ancient mind-body exercise is known as tai chi, and you don’t have to live in China to benefit from it. According to a survey in 2007, more than 2 million Americans are currently practicing tai chi.
Tai chi is called a mind-body type of exercise because it combines meditation (冥想), focused breathing, and physical movement. Because it’s also a low-impact (低强度的) exercise, it may be particularly suitable for older adults, but it’s a helpful exercise for people of all ages.
Tai chi developed in China as a type of Wushu. Today tai chi is used to develop fitness, meditation, balance, breathing, and well-being.
If tai chi is something you might like to try, look for a tai chi class near you. Keep in mind that training programs are different in many ways. You might want to ask around for a recommendation or try a class before you sign up. Ask some tai chi instructors about their training and experience.
Tai chi is generally considered a low-risk exercise that is both safe and enjoyable. If you have any physical or medical problems, talk with your health care provider before starting any exercise program. And remember, although tai chi has many advantages, it can’t take the place of regular medical care.
1．Why does the author give the example in paragraph 1
A．To describe a scene. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To summarize the text. D．To guide the readers around the city.
2．What can we know from paragraph 2
A．Some foreigners are interested in tai chi.
B．Tai chi makes people happy, wise and energetic.
C．Chinese people don’t take tai chi seriously now.
D．Tai chi was considered a way to lengthen one’s life.
3．What is the best title of this passage
A．Different Schools of Tai Chi around the World
B．Tai Chi—a National Heritage and Wonderful Exercise
C．The Origin and Forms of Tai Chi
D．The Advantages and Disadvantages of Practicing Tai Chi for the old
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了中国的传统文化形式——太极。
1．推理判断题。第一段向我们描述了一副人们成群结队在公园优雅锻炼的画面，而描述的正是我国的传统文化——太极，由此推断本段旨在介绍主题，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“According to a survey in 2007, more than 2 million Americans are currently practicing tai chi.”可知一些外国人对太极感兴趣，故选A。
3．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了我国的文化瑰宝——太极，故选B。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）Two men were sitting together. They were flying on a long journey. One of the men was a businessman. The other was a farmer. They sat without talking for a while, but then the farmer said, “Let’s do something to kill the time.”
“What do you want to do ” the businessman asked.
“We can ask each other some riddles,” the farmer said.
“OK. Let’s make rules first,” the businessman said. “If you don’t know the answer to a riddle, you pay me $100. And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll pay you $100.”
“That’s not fair. You are a businessman with much knowledge. You know more things than I do. I am just a farmer,” the farmer said.
“That’s true,” the businessman said. “What do you want us to do ”
“If you don’t know the answer to a riddle, you pay me $100. And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll pay you $50,” the farmer said. The businessman thought about this. Then he said, “OK. That’s fair. Who will go first ”
“I will,” the farmer said, “Here is my riddle. What has three legs when it walks, but only two legs when it flies ”
The businessman thought for 10 minutes and said, “Mm, that’s a good one. I’m afraid I don’t know the answer.” He gave the farmer $100. Then he said, “Tell me the answer.”
“I don’t know, either.” the farmer said. Then he gave the businessman $50.
4．Where did the story happen？
A．On a plane. B．In a shop. C．On a farm. D．In a company.
5．What does the underlined word “riddles” in Paragraph 3 mean in this story
A．Games in doing business.
B．Difficult games to make rules.
C．Great ways to win money.
D．Questions to find the answers to.
6．Why did the businessman agree to give more money if he lost
A．He was interested in making riddles.
B．He was better at playing riddle games.
C．He thought he knew more than the farmer.
D．He made much more money than the farmer.
7．What can we know about the farmer according to the passage
A．He spent all his money on his ticket.
B．He didn’t want to pay even one dollar.
C．He won fifty dollars by playing the game.
D．He didn’t enjoy himself on his long journey.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．C 7．C
【导语】本文讲述了一个发生在飞机上的小故事，农民用自己的机智赚取了商人的钱。
4．细节理解题。根据“They were flying on a long journey.” 可知故事发生在飞机上。故选A。
5．词句猜测题。根据“We can ask each other some riddles”和“ If you don’t know the answer to a riddle, you pay me $100. And if I don’t know the answer, I’ll pay you $100.”可知，“riddle”在这个故事中意思是“要找到答案的问题”。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据“That’s not fair. You are a businessman with much knowledge. You know more things than I do. I am just a farmer”和“ ‘That’s true,’ the businessman said.”可知，商人同意如果他输了就给更多的钱的原因是他认为自己比那个农民了解得更多。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据“He gave the farmer $100. Then he said, ‘Tell me the answer.’ ”和“ ‘I don’t know, either.’ the farmer said. Then he gave the businessman $50.”可知，农民通过玩这个游戏赢了五十美元。故选C。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）
Instagram is a popular way for users to share pictures, videos and messages with family and friends. Most people use the service on their mobile phones.
Now, Instagram users can use the service for a completely different activity reading books. The New York Public Library recently has started a new service called Insta Novels. This new service will include a collection of classic books through Instagram. All Instagram users can get these service, not just people in New York City.
Library officials have promised to provide readers with “some of the greatest stories ever told”. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was the first on Instagram. The New York Public Library said this famous story was specially designed for Instagram to include colorful cartoons and modern drawings.
The books can be found in Instagram Stories. This Instagram feature (特色) was to let users post photos and videos that would disappear after 24 hours. But then, Story Highlights was introduced last year as a way for users to keep content in Stories for as long as they want.
Library officials say the main purpose is to make people read in general. But it also shows how the library is changing to fit an online world and attract younger people.
Christopher Platt, the New York Public Library’s chief library officer, spoke about the service. “We want people to understand that libraries aren’t just places full of dusty books.” he said.
The library has lined up several other classic works for the coming months. These include The Yellow Wallpaper, a short story by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and The Metamorphos is by Franz Kafka.
8．What does people usually use Instagram for
A．Collecting some classic books.
B．Sharing pictures, books and news.
C．Posting photos, videos and messages.
D．Showing colorful cartoons and drawings.
9．The New York Public Library started the new service mainly to _______.
A．earn more money
B．ask people to surf the Internet
C．make itself more famous
D．encourage more people to read
10．What does the underlined word “These” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The classic works.
B．The new services.
C．The coming months.
D．The public libraries.
11．What is the passage mainly about
A．Free library for everyone.
B．A new service on Instagram.
C．The great feature of Instagram.
D．New York City’s reading project.
【答案】8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了纽约公共图书馆通过与Instagram合作，推出新的功能：在社交应用软件上阅读经典图书。这项功能将对所有用户开放，目的在于鼓励人们提高阅读意识。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Instagram is a popular way for users to share pictures, videos and messages with family and friends.”可知，人们通常使用Instagram分享图片、视频和消息。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第五段“Library officials say the main purpose is to make people read in general.”可知，主要的目的是鼓励人们阅读。故选D。
10．代词指代题。根据前文“The library has lined up several other classic works for the coming months.”可知，图书馆已经为未来几个月安排了其他几部经典作品。由此可推知，此处解释了这些经典作品包括什么，所以划线词指代的是前文提到的“classic works”。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文可知,，本文主要介绍了纽约公共图书馆通过与Instagram合作，推出新的功能：在社交应用软件上阅读经典图书。故选B。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级增城中学校考期末）The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom Qin, made the pen better. When Meng was leading an army to fight outside, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking how to make it better.
One day after hunting, Meng went home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with ”
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too soft to write well. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.
A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, today students are taught to use the brush pens in schools. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
12．Why did Meng Tian want to make the pen better
A．Because the king asked him to do so.
B．Because he wanted to be an inventor.
C．Because he didn’t have silk to write on.
D．Because the pen brought him much trouble.
13．When did Meng think of the good idea in Paragraph 3
A．When he saw the trail.
B．Before hunting animals.
C．During cleaning the hair.
D．After he wrote a report.
14．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen
a. The brush pen could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
A．d-b-a-c B．b-d-c-a C．b-d-a-c D．d-c-b-a
15．What can we learn from the passage
A．Build a peaceful world.
B．Keep trying what you think.
C．Make friends with animals.
D．Value wonderful memories.
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了蒙恬经过不懈的努力，克服种种困难，终于发明了毛笔的故事。
12．细节理解题。根据“But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking how to make it better.”可知，蒙恬想把笔做得更好是因为笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind, ‘If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with ’”可知，蒙恬是看见痕迹时想到的主意。故选A。
14．细节排序题。根据“On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too soft to write well. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard.”和“He picked it up. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. ” 可知，改进画笔的正确顺序是b. 蒙恬将兔子的毛发绑在一根棍子上；d. 蒙恬把棍子掉进了一个石头洞里；c. 特殊的水把油冲走了；a. 这只画笔写得很好。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据“However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了蒙恬经过不懈的努力，克服种种困难，终于发明了毛笔的故事。因此我们能从这篇文章中学到继续尝试你的想法。故选B。
（2023·广东广州·八年级统考期末）Stargazing（观星） is rising in China. If you like seeing stars, this is the article to read!
When the night arrives, try looking up at the sky. It will help you shake off your worries and get closer to nature. Stargazing is becoming popular in China, especially among the young.
Stargazing can happen in the city. You can go to a park with equipment （设备） to look at the stars. There is also a big group of people who enjoy watching the night sky using only the naked（裸 的） eyes. But to get great pictures of stars, many stargazing lovers travel across provinces. The best conditions for stargazing are dry air, little to no rainfall, light to no air pollution, and a location on a mountain or in the desert.
Here are the top 10 most beautiful places for stargazing in China.
★ Ngari Dark Sky Park, Tibet
★ Changbai Mountain Scenic Area, Jilin
★ Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang
★ Chaka Salt Lake, Qinghai
★ Nam Co Lake, Tibet
★ Seven Stars Terrace Scenic Spot, Jinan
★ Heimahe Town, Qinghai
★ Yamdrok Lake, Tibet
★ Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area, Anhui
★Kuocang Mountain, Zhejiang
Using stargazing apps can help you enjoy the beauty of the night sky easily. Try these two apps and see!
STAR WALK
This app is friendly to stargazing beginners. Just let the app view the sky through your phone’s camera. It will show stars in the direction you’re facing. You can also track （追踪） the movement of planets. There is a “Visible Tonight” section. It helps you watch objects you can see on a given evening.
STELLARIUM MOBILE
This app is known for its good constellation （星座） pictures and big database, which has over 1.69 billion stars. You can find and label （标注） your favourite constellations and planets by pointing your phone at the sky. Zoom in, you can see very clear photos of galaxies（星系）. The app can be connected to most telescopes.
16．________ most beautiful places for stargazing are located in Tibet.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
17．With STAR WALK, you can ________.
A．follow the movement of planets B．label your favourite planets
C．take clear photos of the sky D．use it alone without a camera
18．This passage is most probably written for ________.
A．Jane, who is crazy about photographing B．Lily, who has interest in indoor activities
C．Jim, who likes playing basketball D．Tom, who loves nature and space
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的观星活动正在兴起，特别受到年轻人的喜爱。无论是在城市还是乡村，人们都可以通过观星来放松心情、接近大自然。文章还列举了中国十大最美观星地点，并推荐了两款观星应用程序，方便人们欣赏夜空的美丽。
16．细节理解题。根据“Ngari Dark Sky Park, Tibet”“ Nam Co Lake, Tibet”以及“Yamdrok Lake, Tibet”可知一共有三个观星之地位于西藏。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“You can also track （追踪） the movement of planets”可知通过星光大道，你可以追踪行星的运动。故选A。
18．推理判断题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了中国的观星活动正在兴起，特别受到年轻人的喜爱。无论是在城市还是乡村, 人们都可以通过观星来放松心情、接近大自然。文章还列举了中国十大最美观星地点，并推荐了两款观星应用程序，方便人们欣赏夜空的美丽。故推理出，文章很可能是为热爱自然和太空的汤姆写的。故选D。
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）The following are two news articles from TEENS.
China’s women’s basketball team made history once again! On Sept. 30, 2022, they won second place at the FIBA Women’s World Cup. It’s the second time in history, 28 years after taking silver at the ________ competition. Although the Chinese players lost to Team USA, they’ve given a performance to be proud of. “We have to try our very best in every match and show the spirit of our Chinese women basketball players,” team member Li Meng told China Daily. The team is very young. Head coach Zheng Wei just took over the team in May. The team also had a reshuffle (重组) after the Tokyo Games. The two center players, Han Xu, 22, and Lí Yueru, 23, are now the key players. Both played in the US Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) last season. They think their WNBA experience has helped a lot.
On April 9, the International Space Station (ISS) welcomed its first all-private (全私人的) team of astronauts. They were part of the Ax-1 mission. The four space travelers are on a 10-day trip to the station. They include former (前任的) NASA astronaut Michael Lopez-Alegria and passengers rich enough to buy the expensive ticket: American Larry Connor, Canadian Mark Pathy and Israeli Eytan Stibbe. Each of them paid $55 million (about 350 million yuan) for the rocket ride, reported NPR. Unlike other tourist flights into space, the three passengers did hundreds of hours of training. Instead of just being tourists, the team plans to carry out 25 experiments in science, education and human health, reported Space website. One of the experiments could help NASA build larger space telescopes than ever before.
19．Which of the following year can be put in the blank of the first article
A．1993. B．1994. C．1995. D．1996.
20．According to the first article, which is NOT TRUE
A．Team USA won the first place at this year’s FIBA Women’s World Cup.
B．Four China’s women’s basketball team players are mentioned.
C．The team had a reshuffle before the FIBA Women’s World Cup.
D．Both Han Xu and Li Yueru played in the US WNBA last season.
21．According to the second article, who needn’t pay for the space trip
A．Michael Lopez-Alegria. B．Larry Connor. C．Mark Pathy. D．Eytan Stibbe.
22．When did the all-private team of astronauts return to the Earth
A．On April 9. B．On April 19. C．On April 20. D．On April 2.
23．What can we learn from the second article
A．The space passengers of the team are all from the same country.
B．The space tickets were very expensive and cost 5,500,000 yuan each.
C．The three passengers did thousands of hours of training before the trip.
D．The team members did more than being tourists during the space trip.
【答案】19．B 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是选自《TEENS》的两篇新闻，第一篇介绍中国女篮再创历史，第二篇介绍4月9日，国际空间站迎来了第一支全私人宇航员团队。
19．推理判断题。根据“On Sept. 30, 2022, they won second place at the FIBA Women’s World Cup. It’s the second time in history, 28 years after taking silver at the ... competition.”可知第二次是在第一次的28年后，2022年，由此推出第一次是1994年。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“team member Li Meng told China Daily”及“The two center players, Han Xu, 22, and Lí Yueru, 23”可知四名中国女篮队员被提及。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据“They include former NASA astronaut Michael Lopez-Alegria and passengers rich enough to buy the expensive ticket: American Larry Connor, Canadian Mark Pathy and Israeli Eytan Stibbe.”可知Michael Lopez-Alegria没有付费。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据“On April 9, the International Space Station (ISS) welcomed its first all-private team of astronauts. ... The four space travelers are on a 10-day trip to the station.”可知4月9日到达国际空间站，旅行有10天，由此推出4月19日返回地球。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“Instead of just being tourists, the team plans to carry out 25 experiments in science, education and human health, reported Space website.”可知在太空旅行中，队员们不仅仅是游客。故选D。
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）
China’s railway miracles have been on since last century.
During the Qing Dynasty, building a railway without foreign help was believed to be impossible. But Zhan Tianyou, the chief engineer of the Jingzhang Railway, overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200-kilometer-long Jingzhang railway was completed (完成) in 1909. As China’s first independently-designed railway, it plays an important role in Chinese railway history.
110 years later, the world’s first intelligent, high-speed railway line, connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou, came into operation. The railway line is 174 kilometers long with 10 stations. Running at a high speed of 350 km/h, the railway line has greatly reduced the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou, from over three hours to only 47 minutes. Some trains on the Beijing—Zhangjiakou line are smart because they provide 5G signals and wireless charging (无线充电) for passengers. These trains can start, open and close doors, and deal with emergencies by themselves.
All the ten stations provide e-ticket services. Passengers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets.
In addition, the Badaling Great Wall station, the deepest underground railway station, is another great example of the country’s miracles in railway building.
24．Why is Jingzhang railway important in Chinese railway history
A．It was built in Qing Dynasty.
B．It was built by Zhan Tianyou.
C．It was completed by Chinese ourselves.
D．It was completed with the help of foreigners.
25．How much time does the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway line save
A．More than 2 hours. B．About 47 minutes.
C．More than 3 hours. D．About over 3 hours.
26．What is the Beijing—Zhangjiakou high-speed railway line like
A．Smart and long. B．Fast and intelligent.
C．Fast and wireless. D．Intelligent and wireless.
27．What do all the ten stations bring about
A．Paper tickets. B．Their ID cards.
C．E-ticket services. D．Online passengers.
28．What is the passage mainly about
A．The speed of Chinese railway. B．The history of Chinese railway.
C．The changes of Chinese railway. D．The miracles of Chinese railway.
【答案】24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展和奇迹。
24．推理判断题。根据“During the Qing Dynasty, building a railway without foreign help was believed to be impossible. But Zhan Tianyou, the chief engineer of the Jingzhang Railway, overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task.”可知，在清朝的时候，没有外国的帮助修建铁路被认为是不可能的，但是詹天佑克服了所有困难并成功完成了这项任务，由此可知京张铁路起到了重要作用是因为它是由我们中国人自己建造的，故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Running at a high speed of 350 km/h, the railway line has greatly reduced the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou, from over three hours to only 47 minutes.”可知，从3个多小时缩短到47分钟，节省了2个多小时，故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据“Running at a high speed of 350 km/h, the railway line has greatly reduced the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou, from over three hours to only 47 minutes.”可知，从3个多小时缩短到47分钟，说明它很快。根据“Some trains on the Beijing—Zhangjiakou line are smart”可知，它也很智能，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“All the ten stations provide e-ticket services.”可知，10个车站都提供电子票务服务，故选C。
28．主旨大意题。根据“China’s railway miracles have been on since last century.”可知，本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展和奇迹，故选D。
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）
If you have to describe (描述) yourself to someone else, what will you say It can be difficult to see yourself from the outside, but knowing who you are, or being self-aware, can help you understand feelings and make friendships closer.
Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character. If you’re self-aware, you may know that you love playing an instrument because you do well in it, and music makes you happy, or that you like watching TV better on your own because it helps you relax.
Knowing what you like and dislike, what you are good or bad at allows you to make better decisions about friendships, schoolwork and build confidence. The WHO (World Health Organization) says self-awareness is one of ten important life skills that help young people live healthier and happier lives. Being self-aware doesn’t mean only thinking of yourself. By understanding your own feelings, you will better understand other people too.
How do you learn to be self-aware It is a good way to ask questions. Ask yourself questions that start with “What” instead of “Why”. For example, if you don’t understand why you keep arguing with a friend, ask yourself what you disagree on instead of why you’re arguing.
Learning to be more self-aware is a skill. You learn it as you grow. So be bold and try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different kinds of music. Don’t be afraid to dislike something —discovering what you don’t like is a key part of learning more about yourself.
29．Which of the following statements shows you are self-aware
A．Knowing your personality well.
B．Knowing you prefer watching TV.
C．Knowing how to play an instrument.
D．Knowing how to make friendships closer.
30．Why does WHO believe self-awareness an important skill
A．It helps to make better decisions.
B．It helps the young build confidence.
C．It stops you only thinking of yourself.
D．It helps improve young people’s lives.
31．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about
A．The way of being self-aware.
B．The result of being self-aware.
C．The reason of being self-aware.
D．The problem of being self-aware.
32．What does the underlined word “bold” in the last paragraph mean
A．Worried. B．Brave. C．Active. D．Smart.
33．Where can we probably read the passage
A．In an advertisement. B．In a history book.
C．In a health magazine. D．In a news report.
【答案】29．A 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了自我意识是什么，它的重要性以及如何学会自我意识。
29．细节理解题。根据“Self-awareness means having a good understanding of our own character. ”可知，自我意识意味着对我们自己的性格有一个很好的理解，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“The WHO (World Health Organization) says self-awareness is one of ten important life skills that help young people live healthier and happier lives.”可知，它可以帮助年轻人更健康地生活，故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据“How do you learn to be self-aware ”可知，本段主要介绍了如何培养自我意识，故选A。
32．词义猜测题。根据“try out new things, like playing a new sport or listening to different kinds of music.”以及“Don’t be afraid”可知此处建议要大胆尝试新事物，故选B。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了自我意识是什么，它的重要性以及如何学会自我意识，与健康有关，故选C。
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives （侦探） looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes （前缀） and suffixes（后缀） can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it
If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
34．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The situation. B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known.
35．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them.
36．How does the author explain his ideas about root words
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
37．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root
A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
38．What should you do if you want to use your “rooting for words” skills well
A．You should use your dictionary first. B．You should practice and work hard.
C．You should work as a detective. D．You should make more examples.
【答案】34．C 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了在语言学习中，词根学习的重要性。
34．词义猜测题。根据“Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，首先要做的是判断情况，看看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。所以it指的是新的和困难的单词，故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果吉姆和莉莉去看电影, 他们轮流付款就是“交替付费”。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“Let’s look at one common root word used in English. ‘Alter’ from the Latin word means ‘other’. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with ‘other’. Examine the word ‘alternate’.”可知，作者通过举例子来解释他对词根的理解。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据题干中“‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’”（“Sen”来自拉丁词，意思是“old”。）可知，A项中，我哥哥比我大两岁。senior一词用到了词根“Sen”。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.”可知，如果你想很好地运用你的“词根”技能，你你应该练习并努力学习。故选B。
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级校考期末）The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles（车辆）in 2030. Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines（传统内燃机）. In January, American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric vehicles in 2035.
Henrik Green is Volvo’s chief technology officer（首席技术官）. Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet（满足）the expectations of their customers. Second, there is no long-term future for cars with traditional engines. Third, it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution. As governments try to reduce pollution, more carmakers like Volvo are increasing production of electric vehicles.
If you want to buy one of these Volvos in about nine years, you will have to make your order online. You will still be able to look at cars at a Volvo store now. The Volvo stores, which are known as dealership（经销商）, will remain in place so that customers can look at cars and have them repaired.
In making the announcement, Volvo says it also plans to show a new eclectic vehicle. The company hopes that in four years, half of its sales around the world will come from electric vehicles. The other half will come from cars known as hybrid cars. Hybrid cars use mixed power of electric and traditional engine to move the vehicles.
Volvo sold about 660, 000 cars worldwide last year. Around the world, about 2-and-a-half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts（分析家）expect that to increase by 70% in 2021.
39．By 2030 ________ will have stopped making traditional internal combustion engines.
A．Volvo B．General Motors
C．both Volvo and General Motors D．neither Volvo nor General Motors
40．________ reasons for the Volvo’s move to electric vehicle production are mentioned.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
41．Who is the chief technology officer of Volvo
A．General Motors. B．Volvo. C．Henry Smith. D．Henrik Green.
42．How many cars did Volvo sell in the year 2020
A．About six hundred and sixty thousand. B．About six million.
C．About 2-and-a-half million. D．About 70% of the year 2021.
43．What does the writer want to tell us
A．Traditional internal combustion will be more popular.
B．The government doesn’t want to fight against air pollution.
C．Volvo will only make electric vehicles in 2030.
D．Volvo is the largest car company in the world.
【答案】39．A 40．B 41．D 42．A 43．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了以沃尔沃为代表的汽车制造商将向电动汽车生产转型。这不仅仅是为了满足客户的需求也是为了对抗空气污染。
39．细节理解题。根据“The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles（车辆）in 2030. Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines”可知，到2030年停止生产传统内燃机的汽车制造商是沃尔沃。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet（满足）the expectations of their customers. Second, there is no long-term future for cars with traditional engines. Third, it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution.”可知，沃尔沃转向电动汽车生产的原因一共有三个。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据“Henrik Green is Volvo’s chief technology officer”可知，Henrik Green是沃尔沃的首席技术官。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“Volvo sold about 660, 000 cars worldwide last year. Around the world, about 2-and-a-half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts（分析家）expect that to increase by 70% in 2021.”可知，分析家预计2021年的数据会增加70%，因此上文的last year指的是2020年，沃尔沃2020年在全球销售了约66万辆汽车。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles（车辆）in 2030.”可知，作者想告诉我们沃尔沃将在2030年只生产电动汽车。故选C。
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级南山实验教育麒麟中学校考期末）Sharon Reasonover first started volunteering at the age of 16. She hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that summer day.
Sharon got to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas. RMH is a “home-away-from-home” for families so they can spend little money or no money to stay close by their sick children.
Sharon remembered her first time walking into RMH—nervous and afraid of doing something wrong. After only 5 minutes, she began to communicate with families. “That day, I played with kids, laughed with their parents, and heard so many stories.” says Sharon.
Now Sharon is a 21-year-old student at the University of North Texas. She is still volunteering with RMH. “I met so many people there, and they changed my life,” she says.
A smile that Sharon will always remember came from a girl named Caroline. Caroline was badly ill, and she had great difficulty in eating. One day, Caroline’s mom was angry with her, because she refused to have dinner. To help, Sharon said to Caroline that if she ate 5 bites, Sharon would do whatever she wanted. Little Caroline ate dinner that day, and Sharon had to dance in front of everyone! Although Caroline has passed away (去世), Sharon will never forget her smile.
44．RMH is a group to help ________.
A．sick children B．sick children’s parents
C．sick parents D．sick parents’ children
45．What’s the meaning of the trip to RMH for Sharon
A．What being sick is like. B．What it is like to help others.
C．What can be done to make others happy. D．What is the relationship between parents and children.
46．How did Sharon feel about her first day in RMH
A．Busy. B．Stressed. C．Relaxed. D．Bored.
47．What did Sharon do to help Caroline eat
A．She talked with her mother. B．She danced for others.
C．She laughed with her. D．She cooked for others.
48．Why can’t Sharon forget Caroline’s smile
A．Her smile changed Sharon’s life. B．The smile is a beautiful one.
C．It’s hard to make her smile. D．Caroline is a special girl.
【答案】44．B 45．B 46．C 47．B 48．A
【导语】本文介绍了莎伦在RMH做志愿者的经历，以及这段志愿者经历对她的人生的影响。
44．细节理解题。根据“RMH is a ‘home-away-from-home’ for families so they can spend little money or no money to stay close by their sick children.”可知，RMH是家庭的“家外之家”，所以他们可以花很少的钱或不花钱来陪伴生病的孩子。由此可知，RMH帮助的是要陪伴生病的孩子的父母们。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“She hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that summer day. Sharon got to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas.”可知，莎伦到了德克萨斯州达拉斯的RMH之后才真正理解了为他人做事背后的意义。即对于Sharon而言，RMH之行让她知道了帮助别人的意义。故选B。
46．推理判断题。根据“Sharon remembered her first time walking into RMH—nervous and afraid of doing something wrong. After only 5 minutes, she began to communicate with families. ‘That day, I played with kids, laughed with their parents, and heard so many stories.’ says Sharon.”可知，莎伦第一次走进RMH时，紧张又害怕做错事，仅仅过了五分钟，她就开始和那里的人聊天，和孩子们一起玩，和他们的父母们一起笑，还听了很多故事。由此可推断，虽然莎伦一开始走进RMH是紧张又害怕的，但5分钟后就好了，整个过程应是轻松的。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“To help, Sharon said to Caroline that if she ate 5 bites, Sharon would do whatever she wanted. Little Caroline ate dinner that day, and Sharon had to dance in front of everyone!”可知，为了帮助卡罗琳吃饭，莎伦向卡罗琳承诺只要她吃5口饭，莎伦就在大家面前跳舞。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据“‘I met so many people there, and they changed my life,’ she says. (她说，‘我在那里遇到很多人，他们改变了我的生活。’)”和“Although Caroline has passed away (去世), Sharon will never forget her smile. (虽然卡罗琳已经去世，但莎伦永远不会忘记她的笑容)”可推知，卡罗琳的微笑改变了莎伦的生活，因此她永远不会忘记卡罗琳的微笑。故选A。
（2023上·广东深圳·八年级南山实验教育麒麟中学校考期末）Logan Guleff, a 13-year-old boy, won 51,000.000 in a TV cooking competition for kids. How could he win Why is he good at cooking “I practiced a lot, and I knew I had to be my best. I never looked at the prize. I just cared what to do next.” says Guleff.
Guleff loves Mexican food, hamburgers, and anything over an open fire. He also loves cooking food and trying new dishes. Let’s find out how he makes Pack Fish, his dish in the competition. This is going to be a great healthy way to eat your fresh fish.
To get ready, mix some butter and herb (香草) together. Put the butter mix in the fridge for future use. It can get bigger in cold temperatures. It is great on fish. And you can also try other butter mix, and put it on meat or chicken. To make Pack Fish, you need fresh fish, potatoes, asparagus (芦笋), salt, pepper, and the butter mix. First, cut a small potato into thin places, and clean some asparagus. Next, put the potato on a piece of aluminum foil (铝箔), and add some salt and pepper. Then, put the fish and asparagus on the potato, cover the fish with the butter mix, and add more salt and pepper. After that, fold (包) the aluminum foil around the fish and put the pack into the oven (烤箱).
Turn on the oven and wait for about 20 minutes. Now you can enjoy your Pack Fish!
49．What can we learn from Guleff s words in Paragraph 1
A．He was sure he could win the prize. B．He thought he was the best kid cook.
C．Ho just planned for another competition. D．He was well prepared for the competition.
50．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The fridge. B．The open fire. C．The butter mix. D．The cold tempcrature.
51．Which of the following is at the bottom (底部)
A．Fresh fish. B．The small potato. C．Asparagus. D．Some salt.
52．What should you do to make Pack Fish
A．Cut up the fish. B．Make the butter mix at last.
C．Add salt and pepper twice. D．Cover the fish with asparagus.
53．What can be the best title for the passage
A．Pack fish from a TV cooking winner B．How to cook Pack Fish in 20 minutes
C．Make healthy food by yourself D．Pack Fish: a very healthy dish
【答案】49．D 50．C 51．B 52．C 53．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了Logan Guleff是如何做在比赛中做的菜——打包鱼的。
49．细节理解题。根据“I practiced a lot, and I knew I had to be my best”可知，他练习了很多，所以他为比赛做好了准备。故选D。
50．词义猜测题。根据“Put the butter mix in the fridge for future use. It can get bigger in cold temperatures”可知，把黄油混合物放进冰箱里备用，在寒冷的温度下它会变得更大，故此处it指代“黄油混合物”。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“Next, put the potato on a piece of aluminum foil (铝箔), and add some salt and pepper”可知，紧挨着铝箔的是土豆块，所以土豆块在最底层。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“add some salt and pepper”以及“and add more salt and pepper.”可知，要加两次盐和胡椒。故选C。
53．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了Logan Guleff是如何做在比赛中做的菜——打包鱼的。故选A。
（2022上·广东广州·八年级广州市白云区金广实验学校校考期末）“Life is speeding up. Everyone is becoming unwell.” This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unwell person who lived in ancient Rome wrote it.
We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives. But is it true that having all these developments really improves the quality (质量) of our lives.
Picture this: You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings. A message from your friend appears on the screen. The noise from the telephone is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up (熬夜) all night to get it done.
Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often make us feel stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier Perhaps that is because they live simpler lives.
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions that we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons, Benjamin, 10, and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phone.
The grandmother, Lyn, said, “The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes.” The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a fashionable (时尚的) granny to one who cooked things.
54．Who was the quote (引语) in paragraph 1 written by
A．The old granny. B．The unwell writer.
C．An ancient Roman. D．A creative inventor.
55．What does the writer want to tell us in paragraph 3
A．New inventions can bring us some troubles.
B．New inventions can help us work more efficiently.
C．New inventions can improve the quality of our lives.
D．New inventions can make people feel relaxed while working.
56．Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house in paragraph 5
A．Because they loved to live simple lives.
B．Because they were troubled by modern inventions.
C．Because they all enjoyed by modern inventions.
D．Because they wanted to experience life without modern inventions.
57．What is the passage mainly about
A．The history of technology.
B．Problems caused by technology.
C．The development of the new inventions.
D．How the telephone improves our life.
【答案】54．C 55．A 56．D 57．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了科技带来的问题。
54．细节理解题。根据“But in fact, an unwell person who lived in ancient Rome wrote it.”可知，这句话是古罗马人说的。故选C。
55．段落大意题。根据“Picture this: You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. ... Now you have to stay up (熬夜) all night to get it done.”可知，第三段举例告诉我们新发明会给我们带来一些麻烦。故选A。
56．细节理解题。根据“One family in the UK went ‘back in time’ to see what life was like without all the inventions that we have today.”可知，因为他们想体验没有现代发明的生活。故选D。
57．主旨大意题。根据“Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often make us feel stressed and tired.”可知，本文主要讲述的是科技带来的问题。故选B。
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
The 8th Art Festival is coming! Many activities will be held to celebrate this important and meaningful festival at Xinhua Junior High School! There will be 10 artistic events including a musical show and an art show and so on. The events will last until the end of December. We will hold our opening ceremony(开幕式) in the Harrington Center on Friday, Dec. 3rd. It will be a day of laughs and lots of fun. It’s the time to get together for an enjoyable two-hour activity. Look forward to your coming! Students’ Union
Our school is hosting the Musical Show on Dec. 19th at Harrington Center, Bank Road at 9 a.m. All students are welcome to try out for the show at the audition (试演), which will be held on Dec. 8th in the school’s Music Club. Grade 7: 9:30~11:30 a.m. Grade 8&9: 1:40~3:40 p.m.
Art works are made by students in Grades 8-9. It opens on Dec 21st. Visual arts show in the school’s Central Hall. Enjoy until the last day of December, weekdays. If you are interested in buying one, you can pay by WeChat or cash. Please call Ms. Carlee Green at 632-336-0945.
58．Where should you go if you want to take part in the opening ceremony
A．In the Music Club. B．In the Harrington Center.
C．In the Central Hall. D．In the school library.
59．Lucy, an 8th grader, can go at ________ if she would like to try out for the musical show.
A．10:30 a.m. on Dec 8th B．3:00 p.m. on Dec 19th
C．9:00 a.m. on Dec 19th D．2:40 p.m. on Dec 8th
60．What can you know from the passage
A．Some works of art will be made by 7th graders.
B．Only 7th graders can take part in the musical show.
C．Students can buy some of the art pieces in the art show.
D．Students can see the art show any time before December.
61．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To introduce Art Festival to parents.
B．To show students how to make music.
C．To ask students to join in the Art Festival.
D．To tell students where to go at weekends.
【答案】58．B 59．D 60．C 61．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍学校第八届艺术节的相关信息。
58．细节理解题。根据“We will hold our opening ceremony(开幕式) in the Harrington Center on Friday, Dec. 3rd.”可知，我们将于12月3日星期五在哈林顿中心举行开幕式。故选B。
59．推理判断题。根据“All students are welcome to try out for the show at the audition (试演), which will be held on Dec. 8th in the school’s Music Club.”和“Grade 8&9: 1:40~3:40 p.m.”可知，8年级的露西可以在12月8日下午1:40到3:40参加选拔。故选D。
60．细节理解题。根据“Art works are made by students in Grades 8-9 ... If you are interested in buying one, you can pay by WeChat or cash.”可知，可以在艺术展上买到一些艺术品。故选C。
61．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍学校第八届艺术节的相关信息，结合“Look forward to your coming!”可知，是邀请学生们来参加艺术节。故选C。
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
Mr. Ratchett enjoyed a good grumble（牢骚）. He got plenty of practice because he lived next door to the Goat family. The Goat family liked making trouble. They butted and bleated. They nibbled（啃）his hedge. Sometimes they put their horns down and chased his cat. It didn’t matter. Mr. Ratchett enjoyed having something to grumble about. One day, he put on his grumpy gardening clothes and his special moaning boots and went out to garden and grumble. What was this Things were very quiet. Things were too quiet. Mr. Ratchett looked over the hedge. He saw a furniture van. The Goats’ grandfather clock was being loaded into it by two furniture movers. Then the movers loaded the Goats’ television set. The moving van drove away. Up in the high hills, the Goat family was jumping around. “It’s very quiet up here,” said Father Goat. He sounded rather sad. “It’s too quiet,” said Mother Goat. “There is no one to tease,” said the little Goats sadly. Back in his garden, Mr. Ratchett sighed to himself, “It’s going to take me a long time to get to all this peace and quiet. A man needs a bit of grumbling to bring a sparkle（火花）to his eyes.” Rrrrm! Rrrrm! Went something next door. Mr. Ratchett looked over the fence. The furniture van was coming back again. Out of it leapt the Goat family. “You again!” shouted Mr. Ratchett. Under his grumpy gardening clothes his heart was singing for joy. “We couldn’t stay away!” shouted the little Goats. They began to butt and bleat and make a big noise. “We like making trouble and we need a scratchy neighbour close by.” “Fiddle-faddle!” shouted Mr. Ratchett, but he smiled as he said it. What a lot of wonderful grumbling he would be able to do tomorrow! When the Goat family couldn’t see him, he did a little grumbler’s tap dance in his grumpy gardening clothes and his moaning boots.
62．How did Mr. Ratchett feel about the trouble made by the Goat family
A．He didn’t mind it. B．He didn’t like it.
C．He was unhappy with it. D．He wanted to keep it off.
63．What can we infer from the talk among the Goat family
A．They liked the quiet place.
B．They missed their old home.
C．They wanted to find a new friend.
D．They had a good time in the hills.
64．Which of the following shows the correct order of the story
a. The Goat family jumped around in the high hills.
b. Two furniture movers helped the goats move away.
c. Mr. Ratchett always grumbled the noisy Goat family.
d. Mr. Ratchett was sad and lonely in his garden.
e. Mr. Ratchett was happy to see the Goat family again.
A．b-a-c-d-e B．c-b-e-a-d C．b-e-a-c-d D．c-b-a-d-e
【答案】62．A 63．B 64．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了主人公雷切特先生和他的山羊邻居由“聚散离合”而引发的相处方式和情绪态度的转变。
62．细节理解题。根据“It didn’t matter. Mr. Ratchett enjoyed having something to grumble about.”可知，雷切特先生对于山羊家制造的麻烦不介意，故选A。
63．推理判断题。根据“‘It’s very quiet up here,’ said Father Goat. He sounded rather sad. ‘It’s too quiet,’ said Mother Goat. ‘There is no one to tease,’ said the little Goats sadly.” 结合“He saw a furniture van. The Goats’ grandfather clock was being loaded into it by two furniture movers. Then the movers loaded the Goats’ television set. The moving van drove away.”可知，山羊一家搬到一个新地方，但是他们很想念老家，故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据“Mr. Ratchett enjoyed a good grumble（牢骚）.”可知，雷切特先生总是抱怨吵闹的山羊一家。根据“He saw a furniture van. The Goats’ grandfather clock was being loaded into it by two furniture movers. ”可知，两个家具搬运工帮助山羊搬走了。根据“Up in the high hills, the Goat family was jumping around.”可知，山羊一家在高山上跳来跳去。根据“Back in his garden, Mr. Ratchett sighed to himself, ‘It’s going to take me a long time to get to all this peace and quiet. A man needs a bit of grumbling to bring a sparkle（火花）to his eyes.’”可知，雷切特先生在他的花园里感到悲伤和孤独。根据“but he smiled as he said it. What a lot of wonderful grumbling he would be able to do tomorrow!”可知，雷切特先生很高兴再次见到山羊一家。所以正确顺序是c-b-a-d-e。故选D。
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
The Flowbee was invented in the late 1980s. What is it It is a special kind of machine. It cuts hair with little mess. The Flowbee was made by an American man who built things with wood.
In 1987, Rick Hunt was working in his wood shop. A lot of wood was cut in the shop, so little pieces of wood were everywhere. They were on the ground, on Hunt’s shirt and even in his hair. The shop had a big vacuum（真空吸尘器） for cleaning. Hunt used it to clean not only the shop, but also himself.
The pieces of wood were easily sucked（ 吸 ） from his clothes and his hair. As Hunt used the vacuum to clean his hair, he got an idea. “This would be a good way to cut hair with less mess,” he thought.
He added some special parts to a common vacuum. In this way, the first Flowbees were born. Those first Flowbees were sold out of Hunt’s home. Then, a fall festival was held near Hunt’s home. He took all of his Flowbees there, and a lot of people bought them. Next, Hunt went on television with the Flowbee. More and more Flowbees were sold.
More than a million Flowbees were sold in America over the next ten years. Today, this interesting machine is sold to people around the world. Hunt’s clever way to cut hair really works. Sometimes great ideas come from surprising places.
65．What kind of machine is the Flowbee
A．A funny machine to dry hair. B．A useful machine to cut hair.
C．A modern machine to cut wood. D．A smart machine to clean the floor.
66．Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________.
A．when the Flowbee was invented B．what the Flowbee was used for
C．where the Flowbee was invented D．how the idea of the Flowbee came
67．Which of the following about the Flowbee is TRUE
A．Hunt added some parts to a vacuum to invent the Flowbee.
B．Thousands of Hunt’s Flowbees were sold out of his house.
C．A million people knew about Flowbees at the fall festival.
D．People around the world could buy Flowbees in the 1980s.
68．What can we learn from the story
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．It’s never too old to learn.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．Success may come from creativity.
【答案】65．B 66．D 67．A 68．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了Flowbee的发明过程。
65．细节理解题。根据“What is it It is a special kind of machine. It cuts hair with little mess. ”可知，它是一个有用的剪头发的机器。故选B。
66．段落大意题。根据“A lot of wood was cut in the shop, so little pieces of wood were everywhere. They were on the ground, on Hunt’s shirt and even in his hair. The shop had a big vacuum（真空吸尘器） for cleaning. Hunt used it to clean not only the shop, but also himself.”（商店里切了很多木头，所以到处都是小木头。它们在地上，在亨特的衬衫上，甚至在他的头发上。这家商店有一台大吸尘器用来清洁。亨特不仅用它来清洁商店，还用它来清洁自己。）可知，第二段主要讲述了Flowbee的想法是怎么来的。故选D。
67．细节理解题。根据“He added some special parts to a common vacuum. In this way, the first Flowbees were born. ”可知，亨特在吸尘器中添加了一些部件，发明了“Flowbee”。故选A。
68．推理判断题。根据“As Hunt used the vacuum to clean his hair, he got an idea. ‘This would be a good way to cut hair with less mess,’ he thought.”以及“He added some special parts to a common vacuum. In this way, the first Flowbees were born.”可知，里克是为了剪头发不那么乱发明了这个机器，所以成功可能来自于创造力。故选D。
（2022上·广东深圳·八年级统考期末）Hold your hands together and you feel the heat from them. Did you know that this heat could be a kind of energy
Ann Makosinski, a girl from British Columbia, Canada, made a flashlight(手电筒) that only uses the heat from your hands as power. The invention won top prize in last year’s Google Science Fair’s 15~16 age group. Makosinski was just 15 then.
Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6.
She said as humans, we produce heat every minute. She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight.
She found a kind of tiles(瓷片). These tiles produce electricity when one side is heated and the other side is cooled.
She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it. Holding the flashlight with your hands would make the tiles heat up on one side. At the same time, the air cools the tiles on the inside of the flashlight.
The electricity that was made by the tiles was enough for an LED light, but it did not make so much voltage(电压). Without voltage, flashlights will not light up.
To deal with the problem, Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home. She said sometimes she thought it would never work, but she knew “You just have to keep going”. In the end, she made a circuit(电路) by herself and it worked!
Makosinski is working on getting a patent(专利) for her flashlight.
69．Which of the following is TRUE about the flashlight
A．It was invented by a girl from Britain. B．It only uses the heat from people’s heads.
C．It won the second prize in Google Science Fair. D．It had tiles both inside and outside of it.
70．How old is Ann Makosinski now
A．13. B．14. C．15. D．16.
71．What does the underlined word “that” refer to
A．A special type of tiles. B．Electricity produced by tiles.
C．Heat produced by humans. D．2020 Google Science Fair.
72．How did Ann Makosinski deal with the problem of voltage
A．She put tiles inside and outside of the flashlight. B．She held the flashlight with her both hands.
C．She worked hard to make a circuit on her own. D．She worked on getting a patent for her flashlight.
73．Which phrases can best describe Makosinski
A．Being gifted and pretty. B．Helping scientists warmly.
C．Working at school carefully. D．Sticking firmly to her interest.
【答案】69．D 70．D 71．C 72．C 73．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的女孩Ann Makosinski制作了一个只用手的热量作为能量的手电筒，这项发明在去年的谷歌科学博览会上获得了15~16岁年龄组的最高奖。
69．细节理解题。根据“She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it.”可知，手电筒里面和外面都有瓷片，故选D。
70．推理判断题。根据“The invention won top prize in last year’s Google Science Fair’s 15~16 age group. Makosinski was just 15 then.”可知，去年获得了奖项，那时候她是15岁，那么今年就是16岁，故选D。
71．词义猜测题。根据“She said as humans, we produce heat every minute. She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight.”可知，她想利用人体产生的热量来点亮手电筒，所以that指代“Heat produced by humans”，故选C。
72．细节理解题。根据“In the end, she made a circuit(电路) by herself and it worked!”可知，她自己做了一个电路，故选C。
73．推理判断题。根据“Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6”以及倒数第二段可知，她自从6年级就对人类的能量感兴趣，她坚持自己的兴趣，在她的不懈努力下，她制造了一种只用手的热量作为能量的手电筒，由此可见她是对自己的兴趣坚持不懈的，故选D。
（2023上·广东广州·八年级统考期末）
letter I V X L C D M
value 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
Roman numbers are the number system with hundreds of years’ history. They were created by the Romans with seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Their meanings are as follows.
Hand signals（ 手 势 ）may tell us how Roman numbers were invented. “I”, a single line, is one finger, and “V” means five fingers. “X” is two hands showing two fives with thumbs(拇指) crossed, like the shape “X”.
Roman numbers are read from left to right.
The order of the letters is important. There are two main rules.
If a letter comes before a letter of greater value, you use subtraction. For example, IV is 4 and XC is 90.
If one or more letters come after a letter of greater value, you add them. For example, XII equals 12; CXIII means 113.
Roman numbers have played an important part in Roman times. People used them in everyday business, engineering and maths. People in Europe kept using them until the 15th century. Later, people realized the Arabic numbers were easier when they had to calculate larger numbers. Also, zero was not in the Roman number system. It was a big problem in maths.
However, Roman numbers are still used on watches and clocks to show people the time. In the names of streets and buildings, you can also see them. Subjects like chemistry and music might still use them. Besides, they are used to refer to kings and queens, such as Queen Elizabeth II. While they are not the main number system in modern maths, they are still around us.
74．Which of following stands for “subtraction” in Paragraph 4
A． B． C． D．
75．What does the Roman number LXXII mean
A．28 B．32 C．68 D．72
76．Why were Roman numbers important in Roman times
A．Because they were easier than the Arabic numbers.
B．Because Europeans had to calculate larger numbers.
C．Because people widely used them in their daily life.
D．Because the number zero brought a problem to maths.
77．What does “they” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Arabic numbers. B．Roman numbers. C．Subjects like music. D．Watches and clocks.
【答案】74．B 75．D 76．C 77．B
【导语】本文主要介绍罗马数字的相关
