中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题13 选词填空（期末必考题型过关练）15篇
·模块一 选词填空技巧
·模块二 选词填空进阶练（最新名校期末）15篇
(有做题的方法，也需要语感，平时背得熟练，一眼就看出来答案)
1.考查角度：
1）动词常考时态和搭配
2）名词常考单复数
3）形容词常考变为副词、比较级、最高级
词性的变化
常见名词的后缀
1.tion
pollute---- pollution invent--- invention
2.ness
happy---- happiness sad--- sadness
3.ment
develop--- development encourage---- encouragement
t结尾的形容词,把t变为 ce，转为名词
important--- importance silent--- silence patient--- patience
职业常见后缀
er
teach---teacher work--- worker
Or
act--- actor invent--- inventot
ist
tour---- tourist science--- scientist
ian
music-- musician magic--- magician
2.解题步骤：
(1) 先浏览所给的选词；
(2) 通读全文，了解大意，结合文章，把选词放进去，看意思前后是否连贯；
(3 ) 如果对选词的意思不明确，可以判断空格上缺少的词性，从备选项中进行排除；
(4 ) 完成后，要阅读全文，检查是否出现错误，以防出现一个错误，很大可能会牵涉到另一个错误，所以检查尤为重要。
3.解题技巧：
1）把方框里的词都填上相应的词性，名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，情态动词等。
2）分析每个句子中所需要的句子成分，主语，谓语动词，宾语，表语，状语，定语，补语等。
基本句子结构：主谓宾，主谓，主系表结构。
I met friend last week.
He left. He has left.
They get so tall.
We are happy.
定状补
定语修饰名词或者代词，定语种类也比较多，简单举例说明一下：
She is a kind girl.
These teenagers from Japan are his friends.
I need your help.
The smiling girl is my daughter.
There is an apple tree there.
He is the earliest student to come here.
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件等。一般是副词，介词短语，状语从句等充当。
He speaks quickly.
I will meet you in front of the cinema.
They always hang out on the weekend.
He studies hard to get a good grade.
I didn’t go out because the weather wasn’t good.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
补语：不定式(to do) 名词 形容词 副词 现在分词
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
I name my dog Pit.我叫我的狗Pit。
I found the classroom empty.我发现教室里空无一人。
I found him lying in bed, sleeping.我发现他躺在床上,睡着了。
We hear him singing in the hall.我们听到他在大厅里唱歌。
词性和句子成分的关系：
名词一般做句子中的主语，宾语（谓语动词或者介词之后），表语（系动词之后），定语（修饰名词）
My teacher is a tall woman. She likes fruits. There is an apple tree in her yard.
名词有单数和复数形式，一般单数形式前面有a/an/one等，名词复数形式一般是以s,es结尾，还有个别是不规则的形式。
动词做句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词形式，谓语动词的形式会随着时态的变化有现在分词，过去分词，非谓语动词有to do不定式，doing，省略to do不定式里的to等变化形式，需要平时的积累。
He likes reading Mo Yan’s novels.
They were speaking when their teacher came in.
I enjoy reading in the rainy days.
另外: 动词的现在分词和过去分词还可以做定语，我们主要熟悉常用的那些就可以了swimming pool waiting room fallen leaves
情态动词后面接动词的原形，共同构成句子的谓语动词。can could must may might shall should will would等
I can do it myself.
形容词 做定语，表语等
They are very interesting.
He is an interesting boy.
副词修饰动词，形容词和其他副词.
He runs quickly.
He runs very quickly.
He is so funny.
介词不能单独使用，介词后面接名词，代词的宾格形式以及动名词.介词也需要在平时背书的时候多积累。
I can’t stop him from eating too much.
It is good _____ our health.
He is very strict _______his son.
连词后面接的是句子。
He is the boy who I like very much.
I will visit you if I have time next week.
代词有人称代词（he），指示代词(this)，复合不定代词(something)等。
He is my father.
I saw her just now.
There is something wrong with the car.
人称代词有主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，反身代词等。主格做主语，宾格放在动词和介词的后面，形容词性物主代词后面一定要接名词，其他的代词后面不能接名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，所以就相当于一个名词了。
关于各个人称的主宾格整理出来。？？？？？？？
指示代词：this that后面要加上名词的单数形式，these，those后面要接复数形式
3）当需要填的词性有几个选择时，应该根据各词性的形式和意思来判断。形式：名词单复数，动词的原形和过去式等等。
4）当主要的成分都不缺失时，试着把介词短语或者副词放进去看看。
5）如果做题时遇到了不会标注的词性，不用介意，就试着回想一下这个单词或词组以前怎么用的。
6）最重要的是把单词背下来意思，会了意思，了解了词性，选词填空就能做的很好了。
4.词性的用法以及在句子的位置
词性 主要用法与句中位置 例句
名词 放在句首作主语 动词或者介词后作宾语 特点：代词或冠词后需用名词 Milk is my favorite drink. We can’t live without air. The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词 放句中作谓语 放句中作主语 在介词后（动名词） 在另一动词后（非谓语形式） The man enjoyed a wonderful night. Making a plan is very important. We are fond of playing football. We hope to have another chance.
形容词 系动词作表语 名词前作定语 比较级和最高级 The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car. Health is more important than wealth.
副词 修饰动词 在形容词或副词或整句句首 比较级和最高级 They finally worked out the problem. Luckily, we found our way. Sam was extremely happy. He listens to the teacher the most carefully.
介词 后加名词，动名词等 The young man made a living by selling newspapers. I had a good time with the familiy.
连词 并列连词：连接平行的词，短语或句子 从属连词：通常引导另一个从句 We need to encourage him as well as give him a hand. The boy is late for school because he stayed up last night.
数词 基数词 序数词表示顺序，意为“第” There are fifty students in our class. He is the first one to arrive at school.
代词 人称代词：I she he we they... 物主代词：my her his our their... 反身代词：myself herself himself ourselves... 指示代词：this these that those She is my best friend. Our school is bigger than theirs. She can look after herself.
冠词 不定冠词：a /an 定冠词：the 零冠词 I have an idea. He is one of the most famous writers in China.
一、短文选词填空
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级校联考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺。
four sleep good year happy
A few years ago, my father bought a parrot. It has black feathers and can learn say any words it is taught. Every morning, it greets my parents warmly. This brings the great 1 to my parents. My parents live in the countryside. They have three sons—my two brothers and me. However, all of us are in different cities. For my parents, the happiest time of the year is the 2 gathering at the Spring Festival. For most of the year, my parents only speak to each other, they feel a bit lonely sometimes. With the parrot at home, they feel much 3 . The parrot is like their 4 son. It usually stays in a cage, sometimes my parents let it fly out of the cage, but it always returns to the cage. In the daytime, it talks a lot and talks loudly. But at night when my parents fall 5 , it always keeps quiet.
【答案】1．happiness 2．yearly 3．better 4．fourth 5．asleep
【导语】本文介绍鹦鹉给父母带来的快乐。
1．句意：这给我的父母带来很大的快乐。great形容词，修饰名词，根据“Every morning, it greets my parents warmly. ”可知鹦鹉热情打招呼，会让人感觉幸福快乐，happiness表示“快乐”。故填happiness。
2．句意：对我父母来说，一年中最快乐的时光就是每年的春节团聚。根据“gathering at the Spring Festival.”和所给词可知，春节一年一次，yearly表示“每年的”，形容词作定语。故填yearly。
3．句意：有鹦鹉在家，他们会感觉更好。feel后接形容词作表语，much后接形容词比较级，better表示“更好”。故填better。
4．句意：鹦鹉就像他们第四个儿子。根据“They have three sons—my two brothers and me.”和所给词可知，鹦鹉是第四个儿子，fourth表示“第四”，序数词。故填fourth。
5．句意：但是晚上当我父母睡着了时，它总是保持安静。动词短语fall asleep表示“睡着”。故填asleep。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使短文内容完整正确。
high temperatures; some time; around the world; clear skies; rainy
Hi there! Welcome to the weather report. Let’s see what kind of weather conditions we have 6 .
First over to Asia（亚洲）, because of typhoon, southern China will be 7 in the coming days. We may see heavy rain on Sundays in central and southern Vietnam. Please be well prepared. In Singapore, we would see light rainfall and 8 be around 30 degrees.
Over to Europe（欧洲）, we are expecting a round of wet weather, with rain and snowfall in eastern part. And there will also be some heavy rain in Norway. But we can see 9 in Copenhagen, with the temperature around 20 degrees.
Finally, over to North America, wet weather will last for 10 , starting from Texas all the way to the northeast over this weekend. For western part, there will be sunny days. Big cities like Chicago will see high temperatures around 24 degrees and partly sunny sky on Sunday.
【答案】6．around the world 7．rainy 8．high temperatures 9．clear skies 10．some time
【分析】本文是一篇全球的天气预报。
6．句意：我们来看一看全世界的天气状况。根据“First over to Asia…Over to Europe…over to North America”可知，下文主要介绍的是全世界的天气状况，结合所给词汇，around the world表示“全世界”符合句意。故填around the world。
7．句意：由于台风的影响，中国南部在未来几天将会下雨。根据“because of typhoon”可知，台风的到来会造成雨天的情况。形容词rainy表示“多雨的”，在句中作表语。故填rainy。
8．句意：在新加坡，我们会看到少量降雨以及30度左右的高温。根据“around 30 degrees”及常识可知，气温在30度属于高温天气了。high temperatures表示“高温”。故填high temperatures。
9．句意：但是我们可以在哥本哈根看到晴天，气温在20度左右。根据“But”以及“around 20 degrees”可知，哥本哈根的天气与挪威的相反，天气状况很好。clear skies表示“晴天”。故填clear skies。
10．句意：潮湿的天气将会持续一段时间。根据“starting from Texas all the way to the northeast over this weekend”可知，潮湿的天气会持续一段时间。some time表示“一段时间”。故填some time。
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级校联考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使短文通顺。
be move wake not tell give
Sam and Jason are best friends. One day, they had an accident on their way home. The next morning, Sam 11 up blind and Jason was still unconscious (不省人事). Dr. Berkeley asked, “How are you feeling today, Sam ”
Sam smiled and said, “I feel wonderful now, Doctor. Thank you for all that you have done for me.”
Dr. Berkeley looked at Sam’s eyes with sadness. Then he said, “You are a brave and kind man, Sam. And you are the real friend of Jason.”
While Dr. Berkeley 12 out, Sam called him suddenly. He said, “I hope you 13 Jason anything.” Dr. Berkeley agreed. Months later Jason became much healthier but he didn’t like staying in touch with Sam. He felt bored to spend time with a blind person.
Sam was lonely because he didn’t have any other friends. Things went from bad to worse. And one day Sam died. Dr. Berkeley gave a letter to Jason and said, “This is for you. Sam had asked me 14 it to you when he was gone.”
In the letter Sam said, “Dear Jason, I have kept my promise in the end to lend you my eyes if something bad had happened to your eyes. Now there 15 nothing more that I can do for you. You will always be my best friend. I’m happy you can see the world through my eyes...”
【答案】11．woke 12．was moving 13．won’t tell 14．to give 15．is
【导语】本文讲述了一对朋友在车祸中受伤，残疾的Sam把自己的眼睛给了Jason。但是后来Jason因为Sam的残疾而疏远了他。
11．句意：第二天早上，Sam醒来时眼睛是瞎的，而Jason仍然没有意识。根据“Sam... up blind”及备选词可知，此处是指早上醒来，wake up表示“醒来”；根据“Jason was still unconscious”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式woke。故填woke。
12．句意：当Berkeley医生正要出去时，Sam突然叫住他。根据“While Dr. Berkeley... out”及备选词可知，此处是指医生要离开房间，move out表示“搬出，离开”；while引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，结构为“was/were doing”，主语是单数，be动词用was，move现在分词为moving。故填was moving。
13．句意：我希望你不要告诉Jason任何事。根据“I hope you... Jason anything.”可知，此处是指不要告诉Jason，从句时态应用一般将来时的否定形式，结合备选词可知，won’t tell符合语境。故填won’t tell。
14．句意：Sam让我在他走后把它交给你。根据上文“Dr. Berkeley gave a letter to Jason”及“... it to you”可知，此处是指把信给Jason，give sth. to sb.“把某物给某人”；ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to give。
15．句意：现在我不能再为你做什么了。此句为there be句型，时态为一般现在时，主语是nothing，be动词应用单数is。故填is。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或者短语填空，并且将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
another, died, protect wild animals, millions of, causes
In the past 200 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct (灭绝的). One of these extinct kinds is the passenger pigeon. At one time there were 16 these birds in North America, but now there are none. The last one 17 in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Another extinct animal is the cape lion. The animal has been extinct since 1860. What 18 animals to become extinct Too much hunting is one cause, and pollution is 19 . Governments around the world have begun to 20 in danger. In the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for endangered animals. It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.
【答案】16．millions of 17．died 18．causes 19．another 20．protect wild animals
【导语】本文介绍在北美，很多野生动物已经灭绝了，并提到了野生动物灭绝的原因以及政府采取的措施。
16．句意：北美曾经有数百万只这种鸟，但现在一只也没有了。根据“At one time there were...these birds in North America, but now there are none.”可知，此处强调数量，北美曾经有数百万只这种鸟，备选词millions of“数百万的”符合语境，故填millions of。
17．句意：最后一只死于1914年的辛辛那提动物园。根据“The last one...in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914.”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，且时态是一般过去时，备选词died“死于”符合语境，故填died。
18．句意：什么原因导致动物灭绝？根据“What...animals to become extinct Too much hunting is one cause...”可知，此处询问灭绝的原因，备选词causes“引起”符合语境，故填causes。
19．句意：过度狩猎是一个原因，污染是另一个原因。根据“Too much hunting is one cause, and pollution is...”可知，此处介绍污染是另一个原因，备选词another“另一个”符合语境，故填another。
20．句意：世界各地的政府已经开始保护处于危险之中的野生动物。根据“Governments around the world have begun to...in danger.”可知，世界各地的政府开始保护处于危险之中的野生动物，protect wild animals“保护野生动物”符合语境，故填protect wild animals。
（2022·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）从方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使文本内容完整正确, 并将答案写在相应横线上。
something funny is full of What’s more suggestions cheer them up
If you want to build a stronger friendship, please read the following 21 . First, remember to be honest and open with your friends, and let your friends know your habit and hobbies. Second, life 22 ups and downs. When your friends are unhappy, you can tell them 23 about the shape of your own body to 24 . You can play small tricks when your friends and you are not in agreement. Third, it’s meaningful to contact your friends often. 25 , organize some activities and invite your friends to join you. In a word, the tips above can work and your friendship will last forever.
【答案】21．suggestions 22．is full of 23．something funny 24．cheer them up 25．What’s more
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何建立更牢固的友谊的建议。
21．句意：如果你想建立更牢固的友谊，请阅读以下建议。结合下文中的几条内容以及前文“If you want to build a stronger friendship”可知，此处指的是“建议”，suggestions意为“建议”，可数名词复数形式。故填suggestions。
22．句意：其次，人生充满了起起落落。根据“life…ups and downs.”可推知，空格处缺谓语动词，is full of意为“充满……”，符合语境。故填is full of。
23．句意：当你的朋友不开心时，你可以告诉他们一些关于你自己的身材的有趣事情，让他们开心起来。根据“ When your friends are unhappy, you can tell them … about the shape of your own body to …”知，空处缺宾语，something funny意为“有趣的事情”，符合语境。故填something funny。
24．句意：当你的朋友不开心时，你可以告诉他们一些关于你自己的身材的有趣事情，让他们开心起来。根据“When your friends are unhappy”可知，上面所讲的方式是为了能让朋友开心起来，cheer them up意为“让他们开心”，符合语境。故填cheer them up。
25．句意：此外，组织一些活动并邀请你的朋友加入你。根据空格后的逗号以及后文“… organize some activities and invite your friends to join you.”可知，此处填一个插入语来衔接下文，“What’s more”意为“此外”，符合语境。故填What’s more。
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选用合适的词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺，每词限用一次。
care artist win you proud
It was at a show of the 26 works organized by the Red Cross. Two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature (签名). I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel 27 and happier. One of the girls handed her notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, writing a few words of encouragement and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me 28 and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Charboss ”
“No,” I told her excitedly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the 29 of two Pulitzer Prizes.”
The young girl turned to the other and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my pride turned into a bubble immediately. Since then, I always remind myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of 30 .
【答案】26．artists’ 27．prouder 28．carefully 29．winner 30．yourself
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在艺术家作品展上遇到了两个女孩要签名，看到作者的签名，作者很骄傲地介绍自己，而其中一个女孩意识到认错人了，向另外一个女孩借橡皮把作者的签名擦掉，从这个经历上作者想告诉我们：不管你有多优秀，都不要把自己看得太高。
26．句意：那是在红十字会组织的艺术家作品展上。根据“a show of the … works”及备选词可知，此处指艺术家作品展上，此空修饰名词works，应填artist的复数名词所有格形式，故填artists’。
27．句意：当然，他们的兴奋也让我感到更加骄傲和快乐。根据“happier”可知，此空应填形容词比较级，备选词proud的比较级prouder符合，故填prouder。
28．句意：女孩读了我的签名，皱起眉头，仔细地看着我，问道。根据“Aren’t you Robert Charboss”可知，看到作者的签名，并不是自己认为的那个人，所以此处指女孩仔细地看着作者，副词carefully修饰动词短语looked at，故填carefully。
29．句意：我是《爱丽丝·亚当斯》的作者，曾两次获得普利策奖。根据“the…of two Pulitzer Prizes”及备选词可知，普利策奖的获奖者，winner“获胜的人”，故填winner。
30．句意：不管你有多优秀，都不要把自己看得太高。根据“no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of”可知，不要把你自己看得太高，此空应填反身代词yourself，故填yourself。
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选用合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使短文通顺，每词限用一次。
attend learn make offer try
Last year, the government required schools to develop students’ labour (劳动) skills. All the schools 31 their best to achieve the goal now. Students 32 at least one such class every week.
The government said the move’s purpose is to “get students involved in labour”. The ministry 33 a list (清单) of ten different groups of activities last year. The lessons are designed according to students’ ages. For example, primary school students are taught basic skills, such as how to peel (给……剥皮) vegetables and how to use a knife. When they enter secondary schools, they 34 how to properly prepare dishes.
A primary school in Chengdu 35 such courses to its students for a year. “These classes are really good,” said Chen Xiaomei, whose child studies at that school. “My child has learned how to do some housework this term. I think practical skills are necessary for every child.”
【答案】31．are trying 32．attend 33．made 34．will learn 35．has offered
【导语】本文主要介绍了政府去年要求学校培养学生们的劳动技能，介绍了这样做的目的，以及学校的执行情况。
31．句意：现在所有的学校都在努力实现这个目标。try one’s best to do sth“尽某人最大努力做某事”，根据now可知，此处用现在进行时表示这一阶段正在发生的动作，主语是复数形式，故填are trying。
32．句意：学生们每周至少参加一次这样的课程。根据“at least one such class”可知，此处指至少参加一次这样的课程，根据every week可知，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形，故填attend。
33．句意：该部门去年列出了十个不同的活动组。make a list“制定清单”，根据“last year”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填made。
34．句意：当他们进入中学时，他们将学习如何正确地准备菜肴。根据“how to properly prepare dishes”可知，此处指学习如何正确地准备菜肴，when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will learn。
35．句意：成都的一所小学已经为学生提供了一年的此类课程。根据“such courses to its students”及备选词可知，此处向学生提供这样的课程，offer“提供”，“for+一段时间”要与现在完成时连用，主语是单数形式，助动词用has，故填has offered。
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）阅读与词组选择。
A．make a difference B．depend on C． run out D．give a helping hand E. achieve our dream F. develop quickly G. push in
With the increasing population and cars, many countries worry their fuel or petrol（汽油）will 36 soon, so fuel price has risen up to nearly 10 yuan per litre（升）.
Have you thought of buying an electric（有电的）car Now it’s clear that it will 37 to our lives. We may make our environment greener than it is now. If you want to buy an electric car, which would you like That is a question. It may 38 your personal taste. However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. The good news is that electric-car technology（技术）may 39 . As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down. Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will 40 of having a clean and green world in the near future. Maybe, you can give them a chance, especially those made in China.
【答案】36．C 37．A 38．B 39．F 40．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的使用会成为一种趋势以及其优势。
36．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心他们的燃料和汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“With the increasing population and cars, many countries worry their fuel or petrol”可知，随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心他们的燃料和汽油。备选词汇“run out用完”符合语境。助动词will后面用动词原形。故选C。
37．句意：现在很明显，它将改变我们的生活。根据下文“We may make our environment greener than it is now.我们可能会使我们的环境比现在更环保。”可知，这是在说电动汽车对人们生活的影响。备选词汇“make a difference有影响”符合语境。故选A。
38．句意：这可能取决于你的个人品味。根据上文“If you want to buy an electric car, which would you like That is a question.如果你想买一辆电动汽车，你喜欢哪一辆？这是个问题。”可知，每个人的选择都不一样。备选词汇“depend on取决于”符合语境。情态动词may后用动词原形。故选B。
39．句意：好消息是电动汽车技术可能会迅速发展。根据“The good news is that electric-car technology（技术）may…好消息是电动汽车技术可能会……”可知，备选词汇“develop quickly迅速发展”符合语境。情态动词may后用动词原形。故选F。
40．句意：那么越来越多的人会使用电动轿车，在不久的将来我们将实现拥有一个清洁和绿色世界的梦想。根据“Then more people will use electric cars and we will…of having a clean and green world in the near future.”可知，随着越来越多的人会使用电动轿车，我们将有一个清洁和绿色世界。这是我们没有实现的梦想。备选词汇“achieve our dream实现我们的梦想”符合语境。助动词will后面用动词原形。故选E。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应位置上。
one of heavily wash away In fact take pity on
Believe it or not, flood is the deadliest (最致命的) type of natural disaster. Usually, it is caused by lasting heavy rain. A flood can 41 thousands of buildings. Moreover, a number of people lost their family members in the disaster. We really 42 those victims because we can do nothing to stop the floods from happening. But is that true 43 , some cities around the world are trying new and creative ways to reduce the possibility of a flood happening again.
A “sponge city” (海绵城市) is a city with a nature-friendly way to prevent against floods. Just as a sponge can absorb water, a sponge city can deal with heavy rain. Wuhan is 44 China’s first cities to start the project. By the end of last year, 20 percent of the city’s area reached the standard of a sponge city. People also created rain gardens, which are grasslands to collect and absorb water. All in all, when it rains 45 , these facilities can hold rainwater. So, there will be less flooding.
【答案】41．wash away 42．take pity on 43．In fact 44．one of 45．heavily
【导语】本文主要介绍了洪水的危害，以及海绵城市的作用。
41．句意：洪水可以冲走成千上万的建筑物。根据“A flood can...thousands of buildings”可知洪水可以冲走建筑物，wash away“冲走”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填wash away。
42．句意：我们真的很同情那些受害者，因为我们无法阻止洪水的发生。根据“those victims”可知是同情受害者，take pity on“同情”，句子用一般现在时，主语是We，谓语动词用原形。故填take pity on。
43．句意：事实上，世界各地的一些城市正在尝试新的和创造性的方法来减少洪水再次发生的可能性。根据“But is that true...some cities around the world are trying new and creative ways”可知事实上，一些城市正在想办法来对抗洪水，in fact“事实上”符合语境。故填In fact。
44．句意：武汉是中国首批启动该项目的城市之一。根据“China’s first cities to start the project”可知武汉是开始这个项目的城市之一，one of…“……之一”。故填one of。
45．句意：总而言之，当下大雨时，这些设施可以容纳雨水。根据“when it rains”可知此处指下大雨时，修饰动词用副词heavily。故填heavily。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。
keeps growing Because of falls However is home to
Elephants are the largest of all land animals. 46 , there are not many of them left in the world. Today, the earth 47 three species (种) of elephants: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant and the Asian elephant. World Elephant Day 48 on Aug. 12 every year. It calls on people to care more about the animal.
In China, the Asian elephant is a first-class protected wild animal. The animal mainly lives in Yunnan. 49 China’s hard work, the number of elephants in China rose to about 300 by the end of 2021. In the past 10 years, the number has risen by about 100, China Daily reported. And the number 50 . China has made a great home for elephants.
【答案】46．However 47．is home to
48．falls 49．Because of 50．keeps growing
【导语】本文主要介绍中国是如何保护大象的。
46．句意：然而，世界上已经没有多少大象了。分析前后两句可知，构成转折关系，备选词However“然而”符合语境，故填However。
47．句意：今天，地球上生活着三种大象：非洲丛林象、非洲森林象和亚洲象。根据“the earth...three species (种) of elephants”可知，地球上生活着三种大象，备选词is home to“是……的所在地”符合语境，故填is home to。
48．句意：每年的8月12日是世界大象日。根据“World Elephant Day...on Aug. 12 every year.”可知，世界大象日在每年的8月12日，备选词falls符合语境，故填falls。
49．句意：由于中国的努力，到2021年底，中国的大象数量增加到300头左右。“China’s hard work”是“the number of elephants in China rose to about 300 by the end of 2021”的原因，备选词Because of“因为”符合语境，故填Because of。
50．句意：大象的数量还在不断增长。根据“And the number...China has made a great home for elephants.”可知，大象的数量还在不断增长，备选词keeps growing“持续增长”符合语境，故填keeps growing。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。
area have breakfast reach I feel tired tour many cover size final
Qiandao Lake is a freshwater lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The lake 51 an area of about 580 square kilometres. It is called Qiandao lake in Chinese because there are thousands of islands in different shapes（形状）and 52 in the lake. The lake is famous for its clear water and green mountains. The scenery make 53 feel comfortable and enjoyable no matter in summer or winter.
I took a tour of Qiandao lake with my dad last year. We 54 there on October 2nd and camped by the lake. The next morning, after 55 , we went to the central lake area of Qiandao Lake. It is one of the first 5A tourist 56 in our country. While walking along the path in the forest, I lost 57 in the wonderful environment（环境）. 58 , we visited some old houses, trees and bridges in Qinchuan. The huge tree in the village is over 800 years old. We 59 after walking a long way, but we all had a lot of fun.
I hope to visit Qiandao Lake one 60 time this year. Do you want to come and pay a visit
【答案】
51．covers 52．sizes 53．tourists 54．reached 55．having breakfast 56．areas 57．myself 58．Finally 59．felt tired 60．more
【导语】本文介绍了千岛湖的美丽景色和去年作者和爸爸去千岛湖旅游的经历。
51．句意：这个湖占地约580平方公里。根据“an area of about 580 square kilometres.”可知，此处表达占地面积，cover“覆盖”符合语境，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“The lake”为第三人称单数。故填covers。
52．句意：千岛湖之所以被称为千岛湖，是因为千岛湖中有成千上万个不同形状和大小的岛屿。根据“there are thousands of islands in different shapes（形状）and … in the lake.”可知，此处表达千岛湖中有成千上万个不同形状和大小的岛屿，size“大小”符合语境，空处应用复数形式。故填sizes。
53．句意：无论是夏天还是冬天，这里的风景都让游客感到舒适和愉快。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少宾语，结合备选单词，tourist“游客”符合语境，空处应用复数形式。故填tourists。
54．句意：我们10月2日抵达那里，在湖边露营。根据“there on October 2nd and camped by the lake”可知，空处表达抵达千岛湖，reach“到达”符合语境，句子为一般过去时，空处用动词过去式。故填reached。
55．句意：第二天早上，吃过早饭之后，我们去了千岛湖的中央湖区。根据“The next morning, after …, ”可知，此处表达吃过早饭之后，have breakfast“吃早饭”符合语境，介词after后接动名词形式。故填having breakfast。
56．句意：它是我国首批5A旅游区之一。根据“It is one of the first 5A tourist”可知，此处表达5A 旅游区，area“区域”符合语境，one of 后接可数名词复数形式。故填areas。
57．句意：走在森林里的小路上，我美妙的环境中迷失了自我。lost oneself“迷失自我”，I的反身代词myself“我自己”符合语境，故填myself。
58．句意：最后，我们参观了秦川的一些老房子、树木和桥梁。根据“we visited some old houses, trees and bridges in Qinchuan.”可知，空处缺少副词修饰整个句子，final的副词形式“finally”符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Finally。
59．句意：我们走了很长一段路后感到很累，但是我们都玩得很开心。根据“but we all had a lot of fun.”可知，空处表达走了很长一段路后感到很累，feel tired“感到疲倦”符合语境，句子时态为一般过去时，故填felt tired。
60．句意：我希望今年能访问一次千岛湖。结合备选单词，one more time“再来一次”，故填more。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整、每词或短语限用一次。
autumn two describe quick look at
There was a man who had four sons. He hoped that his sons could learn not to judge things too 61 . So he gave each of his four sons a question, asking them to go and 62 a pear tree during different seasons.
The first son set out in the winter, the 63 in the spring, the third in the summer and the youngest son in the 64 .
When all of them returned home, he called them together 65 what they saw.
brother agree miss because be covered with
The first son said the tree was ugly and there was nothing there.
The second son said the tree 66 green buds and full of hope.
The third son didn’t have the same idea as his two 67 , saying that it was full of flowers. He said they smelled sweet and looked beautiful.
The last son 68 with all of them, saying that there were lots of fruit on the tree, and the tree was full of life.
The man told his sons that they were all right, 69 each of them only saw the tree during one season. He told his sons that they cannot judge a tree only by one season.
If you give up during the coldness of winter, you 70 the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and harvest of autumn in your life.
【答案】
61．quickly 62．look at
63．second 64．autumn 65．to describe 66．was covered with 67．brothers 68．disagreed 69．because 70．will miss
【导语】本文讲述了一则小故事，老人的四个儿子在不同的季节去观察同一棵苹果树，他们四人看到四种不同的景象，虽然都是真的，但是每个人说的都不一样，由此告诉人们，看事物要看全面，不能太快下结论。
61．句意：他希望他的儿子们能学会不要太快地判断事情。此空修饰动词judge，应填副词，备选词quick的副词quickly“快速地”符合，故填quickly。
62．句意：于是他给他的四个儿子每人一个问题，让他们在不同的季节去看一棵梨树。根据“go and…a pear tree”及备选词可知，让他们去看一棵梨树，look at“看”，根据go可知，此空应填动词原形，故填look at。
63．句意：大儿子是冬天出发的，老二是春天出发的，老三是夏天出发的，小儿子是秋天出发的。根据“The first son”及“the third”可知，此处指第二个儿子，用序数词second表示顺序，故填second。
64．句意：大儿子是冬天出发的，老二是春天出发的，老三是夏天出发的，小儿子是秋天出发的。根据“in the winter”及“in the summer”可知，此处提到某个季节，autumn“秋天”，故填autumn。
65．句意：当他们都回到家时，他把他们叫到一起，描述他们所看到的。根据“he called them together… what they saw”可知，把他们叫到一起，让描述他们所看到的，describe“描述”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to describe。
66．句意：二儿子说那棵树长满了绿芽，充满了希望。根据“the tree…green buds and full of hope”及备选词可知，二儿子看的那棵树充满了绿芽，cover with“覆盖”，主语tree与动词cover之间是被动关系，根据“said”可知主过从必过，从句用一般过去时被动语态was/were done，主语“the tree”为名词单数，助动词用was，cover过去分词为covered，故填was covered with。
67．句意：第三个儿子不像他的两个兄弟有同样的想法，他说树上开满了花。根据“The third son didn’t have the same idea as his two ”可知，第三个儿子与他们的哥哥们有不同的看法，根据two可知，此空应填复数形式，故填brothers。
68．句意：小儿子不同意他们所有人的看法，他说树上有很多果实，树上充满了生命。根据“saying that there were lots of fruit on the tree, and the tree was full of life”及前文的内容可知，小儿子看到的和哥哥们看到的都不一样，所以他不同意他们的看法，disagree“不同意”，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填disagreed。
69．句意：父亲告诉他的儿子们，他们都是对的，因为他们每个人只在一个季节里看到过这棵树。根据“each of them only saw the tree during one season”可知，空格后是解释老人说儿子都对的原因，because“因为”，引导原因状语从句，故填because。
70．句意：如果你在冬天的寒冷中放弃，你就会错过生命中春天的希望、夏天的美丽和秋天的收获。根据“give up during the coldness of winter, you will miss the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and harvest of autumn in your life”可知，放弃了就会错过生命中春天的希望、夏天的美丽和秋天的收获，miss“错过”，if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will miss。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）从方框中选择合适的词或词组填空，完成短文。
lead to, prevent, get lost, nearly, are born
Shijiu Lake is famous for its birds. Every November, over 1,000 swans fly here to rest. They stay here for 71 five months and leave in March. They fly between South China and North China every year. It is amazing that these birds can fly such a long distance and they never 72 . Our biology teacher says they 73 with the special abilities.
Old people say the lake is a gift for humans from nature. They say the lake can also hold water so they can 74 floods. Our geography teacher says that with the lake, extreme（极端）weather will 75 less damage（损害） and loss. In this way, not only birds and fish, humans are also living under its protection.
【答案】71．nearly 72．get lost 73．are born 74．prevent 75．lead to
【导语】本文作者介绍了石臼湖以其鸟类而闻名，老人们说这个湖是大自然给人类的礼物。
71．句意：它们在这里待将近五个月，三月离开。根据“They stay here for ... five months”可知，它们在这里待将近五个月，nearly“将近”符合。故填nearly。
72．句意：令人惊讶的是，这些鸟可以飞这么远的距离，它们从来没有迷路。根据“It is amazing that these birds can fly such a long distance and they never”可知，这些鸟飞这么远的距离且从不迷路是令人惊讶的，get lost“迷路”符合，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填get lost。
73．句意：我们的生物老师说它们天生就有这种特殊能力。根据“they ... with the special abilities.”可知，这些鸟类天生就有这种特殊能力，are born“天生具有”符合，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are born。
74．句意：他们说，这个湖还可以蓄水，这样他们就可以防止洪水。根据“They say the lake can also hold water so they can ... floods”可知，可以防止洪水，prevent“防止”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填prevent。
75．句意：我们的地理老师说，有了这个湖，极端天气会导致更少的损害和损失。根据“extreme（极端）weather will ... less damage（损害） and loss”可知，极端天气会导致更少的损害和损失，lead to“导致”，will后跟动词原形。故填lead to。
（2023·江苏苏州·八年级统考期末）请阅读下面句子，将方框中单词或短语的正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每空格限填一个单词和短语，每个单词或短语只能填一次。
as well as；abroad；include；take place；important
The 5th Life Festival 76 from May 13 to 14 in Suzhou, Jiangsu province.
Around 100 artists from home and 77 took part in the event. The theme of the festival this year was “reborn”, with the purpose of remembering the past 78 hoping for a better future.
Organizer of the festival and head of the Life Art Education Fund, Yang Ping, shared her view on the 79 and value(价值) of humans and called on people to make the most of each day.
“Life Festival will continue to keep an eye on life art and fields 80 education, women and soon. ”
【答案】76．took place 77．abroad 78．as well as 79．importance 80．including
【导语】本文主要向我们介绍苏州“生命艺术节”的情况。
76．句意：第五届生命艺术节于5月13日至14日在江苏苏州举行。根据“The 5th Life Festival...from May 13 to 14”和备选词汇可知，生命艺术节于5月13日至14日举办，take place表示“举办”，且时态是一般过去时，故填took place。
77．句意：大约100名来自国内外的艺术家参加了这次活动。根据“from home and...took part in the event”和备选词汇可知，and连接两个对等的成份，因此abroad符合语境，表示“来自国内国外”。故填abroad。
78．句意：今年节日的主题是“重生”，目的是缅怀过去，也展望更美好的未来。根据“with the purpose of remembering the past...hoping for a better future.”和备选词汇可知，指的是“缅怀过去和展望未来”。as well as表示“也，和”，连接两个并列成份。故填as well as。
79．句意：该节日的组织者、生命艺术教育基金的负责人杨萍分享了她对人类的重要性和价值的看法。根据“shared her view on the...and value(价值) of humans ”和备选词汇可知，是分享了人类重要性的看法，important表示“重要的”，是形容词，其名词是importance，表示“重要性”。故填importance。
80．句意：生命节将继续关注生活艺术和其他领域，包括教育、女性等。根据“Life Festival will continue to keep an eye on life art and fields...education, women”和备选词汇可知，生命节关注包括教育，女性等领域。education是名词，因此前面需要填介词。include表示“包含”，是动词，其介词是including。故填including。
（2022上·江苏·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，将方框中单词或短语的正确形式填入横线上。每个单词或短语只能填一次。
example cut down small take action as a result
Many animals live in a place called the Amazon rain forest. This is a very big forest in South America. Some people are 81 lots of trees there. The rainforest is 82 now than ever before. This means that more animals, like frogs and butter lies, are now in danger. One 83 is the “poison dart” frog (箭毒蛙). These very little frogs can be red, yellow or blue and they often have black spots. They use these colors to frighten other animals. But the trees they live in are in danger and 84 so are the frogs. It’s very important for people to 85 to protect the rainforest right away.
【答案】81．cutting down 82．smaller 83．example 84．as a result 85．take action
【导语】本文介绍了由于人们的过度砍伐，亚马逊雨林变的越来越小，本文呼吁人们要立刻行动起来保护雨林。
81．句意：一些人正在那里大量砍伐树木。根据“lots of trees there.”可知，这里是砍伐树木，cut down意为“砍到”，此处应使用动词的-ing形式，和are一起构成现在进行时，作句子的谓语。故填cutting down。
82．句意：雨林现在比以往任何时候都小。前文说一些人正在那里大量砍伐树木，所以雨林变得越来越小，small意为“小的”；根据句子中的“than”可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级形式。故填smaller。
83．句意：其中的一个例子就是箭毒蛙。根据“is the “poison dart” frog (箭毒蛙).”可知，这里是举例，example意为“例子”，此处应填名词单数形式。故填example。
84．句意：然而它们居住的树木处于危险中，结果，箭毒蛙也一样。as a result 意为“结果”，符合此处语境。故填as a result。
85．句意：人们立刻行动起来保护雨林是很重要的。根据“to protect the rainforest right away.”可知，这里是立刻行动起来保护雨林，take action意为“采取行动”，此处应使用动词原形。故填take action。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题13 选词填空（期末必考题型过关练）15篇
·模块一 选词填空技巧
·模块二 选词填空进阶练（最新名校期末）15篇
(有做题的方法，也需要语感，平时背得熟练，一眼就看出来答案)
1.考查角度：
1）动词常考时态和搭配
2）名词常考单复数
3）形容词常考变为副词、比较级、最高级
词性的变化
常见名词的后缀
1.tion
pollute---- pollution invent--- invention
2.ness
happy---- happiness sad--- sadness
3.ment
develop--- development encourage---- encouragement
t结尾的形容词,把t变为 ce，转为名词
important--- importance silent--- silence patient--- patience
职业常见后缀
er
teach---teacher work--- worker
Or
act--- actor invent--- inventot
ist
tour---- tourist science--- scientist
ian
music-- musician magic--- magician
2.解题步骤：
(1) 先浏览所给的选词；
(2) 通读全文，了解大意，结合文章，把选词放进去，看意思前后是否连贯；
(3 ) 如果对选词的意思不明确，可以判断空格上缺少的词性，从备选项中进行排除；
(4 ) 完成后，要阅读全文，检查是否出现错误，以防出现一个错误，很大可能会牵涉到另一个错误，所以检查尤为重要。
3.解题技巧：
1）把方框里的词都填上相应的词性，名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，情态动词等。
2）分析每个句子中所需要的句子成分，主语，谓语动词，宾语，表语，状语，定语，补语等。
基本句子结构：主谓宾，主谓，主系表结构。
I met friend last week.
He left. He has left.
They get so tall.
We are happy.
定状补
定语修饰名词或者代词，定语种类也比较多，简单举例说明一下：
She is a kind girl.
These teenagers from Japan are his friends.
I need your help.
The smiling girl is my daughter.
There is an apple tree there.
He is the earliest student to come here.
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件等。一般是副词，介词短语，状语从句等充当。
He speaks quickly.
I will meet you in front of the cinema.
They always hang out on the weekend.
He studies hard to get a good grade.
I didn’t go out because the weather wasn’t good.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
补语：不定式(to do) 名词 形容词 副词 现在分词
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
I name my dog Pit.我叫我的狗Pit。
I found the classroom empty.我发现教室里空无一人。
I found him lying in bed, sleeping.我发现他躺在床上,睡着了。
We hear him singing in the hall.我们听到他在大厅里唱歌。
词性和句子成分的关系：
名词一般做句子中的主语，宾语（谓语动词或者介词之后），表语（系动词之后），定语（修饰名词）
My teacher is a tall woman. She likes fruits. There is an apple tree in her yard.
名词有单数和复数形式，一般单数形式前面有a/an/one等，名词复数形式一般是以s,es结尾，还有个别是不规则的形式。
动词做句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词形式，谓语动词的形式会随着时态的变化有现在分词，过去分词，非谓语动词有to do不定式，doing，省略to do不定式里的to等变化形式，需要平时的积累。
He likes reading Mo Yan’s novels.
They were speaking when their teacher came in.
I enjoy reading in the rainy days.
另外: 动词的现在分词和过去分词还可以做定语，我们主要熟悉常用的那些就可以了swimming pool waiting room fallen leaves
情态动词后面接动词的原形，共同构成句子的谓语动词。can could must may might shall should will would等
I can do it myself.
形容词 做定语，表语等
They are very interesting.
He is an interesting boy.
副词修饰动词，形容词和其他副词.
He runs quickly.
He runs very quickly.
He is so funny.
介词不能单独使用，介词后面接名词，代词的宾格形式以及动名词.介词也需要在平时背书的时候多积累。
I can’t stop him from eating too much.
It is good _____ our health.
He is very strict _______his son.
连词后面接的是句子。
He is the boy who I like very much.
I will visit you if I have time next week.
代词有人称代词（he），指示代词(this)，复合不定代词(something)等。
He is my father.
I saw her just now.
There is something wrong with the car.
人称代词有主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，反身代词等。主格做主语，宾格放在动词和介词的后面，形容词性物主代词后面一定要接名词，其他的代词后面不能接名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，所以就相当于一个名词了。
关于各个人称的主宾格整理出来。？？？？？？？
指示代词：this that后面要加上名词的单数形式，these，those后面要接复数形式
3）当需要填的词性有几个选择时，应该根据各词性的形式和意思来判断。形式：名词单复数，动词的原形和过去式等等。
4）当主要的成分都不缺失时，试着把介词短语或者副词放进去看看。
5）如果做题时遇到了不会标注的词性，不用介意，就试着回想一下这个单词或词组以前怎么用的。
6）最重要的是把单词背下来意思，会了意思，了解了词性，选词填空就能做的很好了。
4.词性的用法以及在句子的位置
词性 主要用法与句中位置 例句
名词 放在句首作主语 动词或者介词后作宾语 特点：代词或冠词后需用名词 Milk is my favorite drink. We can’t live without air. The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词 放句中作谓语 放句中作主语 在介词后（动名词） 在另一动词后（非谓语形式） The man enjoyed a wonderful night. Making a plan is very important. We are fond of playing football. We hope to have another chance.
形容词 系动词作表语 名词前作定语 比较级和最高级 The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car. Health is more important than wealth.
副词 修饰动词 在形容词或副词或整句句首 比较级和最高级 They finally worked out the problem. Luckily, we found our way. Sam was extremely happy. He listens to the teacher the most carefully.
介词 后加名词，动名词等 The young man made a living by selling newspapers. I had a good time with the familiy.
连词 并列连词：连接平行的词，短语或句子 从属连词：通常引导另一个从句 We need to encourage him as well as give him a hand. The boy is late for school because he stayed up last night.
数词 基数词 序数词表示顺序，意为“第” There are fifty students in our class. He is the first one to arrive at school.
代词 人称代词：I she he we they... 物主代词：my her his our their... 反身代词：myself herself himself ourselves... 指示代词：this these that those She is my best friend. Our school is bigger than theirs. She can look after herself.
冠词 不定冠词：a /an 定冠词：the 零冠词 I have an idea. He is one of the most famous writers in China.
一、短文选词填空
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级校联考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺。
four sleep good year happy
A few years ago, my father bought a parrot. It has black feathers and can learn say any words it is taught. Every morning, it greets my parents warmly. This brings the great 1 to my parents. My parents live in the countryside. They have three sons—my two brothers and me. However, all of us are in different cities. For my parents, the happiest time of the year is the 2 gathering at the Spring Festival. For most of the year, my parents only speak to each other, they feel a bit lonely sometimes. With the parrot at home, they feel much 3 . The parrot is like their 4 son. It usually stays in a cage, sometimes my parents let it fly out of the cage, but it always returns to the cage. In the daytime, it talks a lot and talks loudly. But at night when my parents fall 5 , it always keeps quiet.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或词组填空，使短文内容完整正确。
high temperatures; some time; around the world; clear skies; rainy
Hi there! Welcome to the weather report. Let’s see what kind of weather conditions we have 6 .
First over to Asia（亚洲）, because of typhoon, southern China will be 7 in the coming days. We may see heavy rain on Sundays in central and southern Vietnam. Please be well prepared. In Singapore, we would see light rainfall and 8 be around 30 degrees.
Over to Europe（欧洲）, we are expecting a round of wet weather, with rain and snowfall in eastern part. And there will also be some heavy rain in Norway. But we can see 9 in Copenhagen, with the temperature around 20 degrees.
Finally, over to North America, wet weather will last for 10 , starting from Texas all the way to the northeast over this weekend. For western part, there will be sunny days. Big cities like Chicago will see high temperatures around 24 degrees and partly sunny sky on Sunday.
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级校联考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使短文通顺。
be move wake not tell give
Sam and Jason are best friends. One day, they had an accident on their way home. The next morning, Sam 11 up blind and Jason was still unconscious (不省人事). Dr. Berkeley asked, “How are you feeling today, Sam ”
Sam smiled and said, “I feel wonderful now, Doctor. Thank you for all that you have done for me.”
Dr. Berkeley looked at Sam’s eyes with sadness. Then he said, “You are a brave and kind man, Sam. And you are the real friend of Jason.”
While Dr. Berkeley 12 out, Sam called him suddenly. He said, “I hope you 13 Jason anything.” Dr. Berkeley agreed. Months later Jason became much healthier but he didn’t like staying in touch with Sam. He felt bored to spend time with a blind person.
Sam was lonely because he didn’t have any other friends. Things went from bad to worse. And one day Sam died. Dr. Berkeley gave a letter to Jason and said, “This is for you. Sam had asked me 14 it to you when he was gone.”
In the letter Sam said, “Dear Jason, I have kept my promise in the end to lend you my eyes if something bad had happened to your eyes. Now there 15 nothing more that I can do for you. You will always be my best friend. I’m happy you can see the world through my eyes...”
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或者短语填空，并且将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
another, died, protect wild animals, millions of, causes
In the past 200 years, more than 130 kinds of animals have become extinct (灭绝的). One of these extinct kinds is the passenger pigeon. At one time there were 16 these birds in North America, but now there are none. The last one 17 in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Another extinct animal is the cape lion. The animal has been extinct since 1860. What 18 animals to become extinct Too much hunting is one cause, and pollution is 19 . Governments around the world have begun to 20 in danger. In the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for endangered animals. It has listed nearly 200 kinds of endangered animals in North America.
（2022·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）从方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空, 使文本内容完整正确, 并将答案写在相应横线上。
something funny is full of What’s more suggestions cheer them up
If you want to build a stronger friendship, please read the following 21 . First, remember to be honest and open with your friends, and let your friends know your habit and hobbies. Second, life 22 ups and downs. When your friends are unhappy, you can tell them 23 about the shape of your own body to 24 . You can play small tricks when your friends and you are not in agreement. Third, it’s meaningful to contact your friends often. 25 , organize some activities and invite your friends to join you. In a word, the tips above can work and your friendship will last forever.
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选用合适的词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺，每词限用一次。
care artist win you proud
It was at a show of the 26 works organized by the Red Cross. Two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature (签名). I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel 27 and happier. One of the girls handed her notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, writing a few words of encouragement and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me 28 and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Charboss ”
“No,” I told her excitedly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the 29 of two Pulitzer Prizes.”
The young girl turned to the other and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my pride turned into a bubble immediately. Since then, I always remind myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of 30 .
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据句意从方框中选用合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使短文通顺，每词限用一次。
attend learn make offer try
Last year, the government required schools to develop students’ labour (劳动) skills. All the schools 31 their best to achieve the goal now. Students 32 at least one such class every week.
The government said the move’s purpose is to “get students involved in labour”. The ministry 33 a list (清单) of ten different groups of activities last year. The lessons are designed according to students’ ages. For example, primary school students are taught basic skills, such as how to peel (给……剥皮) vegetables and how to use a knife. When they enter secondary schools, they 34 how to properly prepare dishes.
A primary school in Chengdu 35 such courses to its students for a year. “These classes are really good,” said Chen Xiaomei, whose child studies at that school. “My child has learned how to do some housework this term. I think practical skills are necessary for every child.”
（2023·江苏·八年级统考期末）阅读与词组选择。
A．make a difference B．depend on C． run out D．give a helping hand E. achieve our dream F. develop quickly G. push in
With the increasing population and cars, many countries worry their fuel or petrol（汽油）will 36 soon, so fuel price has risen up to nearly 10 yuan per litre（升）.
Have you thought of buying an electric（有电的）car Now it’s clear that it will 37 to our lives. We may make our environment greener than it is now. If you want to buy an electric car, which would you like That is a question. It may 38 your personal taste. However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. The good news is that electric-car technology（技术）may 39 . As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down. Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will 40 of having a clean and green world in the near future. Maybe, you can give them a chance, especially those made in China.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应位置上。
one of heavily wash away In fact take pity on
Believe it or not, flood is the deadliest (最致命的) type of natural disaster. Usually, it is caused by lasting heavy rain. A flood can 41 thousands of buildings. Moreover, a number of people lost their family members in the disaster. We really 42 those victims because we can do nothing to stop the floods from happening. But is that true 43 , some cities around the world are trying new and creative ways to reduce the possibility of a flood happening again.
A “sponge city” (海绵城市) is a city with a nature-friendly way to prevent against floods. Just as a sponge can absorb water, a sponge city can deal with heavy rain. Wuhan is 44 China’s first cities to start the project. By the end of last year, 20 percent of the city’s area reached the standard of a sponge city. People also created rain gardens, which are grasslands to collect and absorb water. All in all, when it rains 45 , these facilities can hold rainwater. So, there will be less flooding.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。
keeps growing Because of falls However is home to
Elephants are the largest of all land animals. 46 , there are not many of them left in the world. Today, the earth 47 three species (种) of elephants: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant and the Asian elephant. World Elephant Day 48 on Aug. 12 every year. It calls on people to care more about the animal.
In China, the Asian elephant is a first-class protected wild animal. The animal mainly lives in Yunnan. 49 China’s hard work, the number of elephants in China rose to about 300 by the end of 2021. In the past 10 years, the number has risen by about 100, China Daily reported. And the number 50 . China has made a great home for elephants.
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。
area have breakfast reach I feel tired tour many cover size final
Qiandao Lake is a freshwater lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The lake 51 an area of about 580 square kilometres. It is called Qiandao lake in Chinese because there are thousands of islands in different shapes（形状）and 52 in the lake. The lake is famous for its clear water and green mountains. The scenery make 53 feel comfortable and enjoyable no matter in summer or winter.
I took a tour of Qiandao lake with my dad last year. We 54 there on October 2nd and camped by the lake. The next morning, after 55 , we went to the central lake area of Qiandao Lake. It is one of the first 5A tourist 56 in our country. While walking along the path in the forest, I lost 57 in the wonderful environment（环境）. 58 , we visited some old houses, trees and bridges in Qinchuan. The huge tree in the village is over 800 years old. We 59 after walking a long way, but we all had a lot of fun.
I hope to visit Qiandao Lake one 60 time this year. Do you want to come and pay a visit
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整、每词或短语限用一次。
autumn two describe quick look at
There was a man who had four sons. He hoped that his sons could learn not to judge things too 61 . So he gave each of his four sons a question, asking them to go and 62 a pear tree during different seasons.
The first son set out in the winter, the 63 in the spring, the third in the summer and the youngest son in the 64 .
When all of them returned home, he called them together 65 what they saw.
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The first son said the tree was ugly and there was nothing there.
The second son said the tree 66 green buds and full of hope.
The third son didn’t have the same idea as his two 67 , saying that it was full of flowers. He said they smelled sweet and looked beautiful.
The last son 68 with all of them, saying that there were lots of fruit on the tree, and the tree was full of life.
The man told his sons that they were all right, 69 each of them only saw the tree during one season. He told his sons that they cannot judge a tree only by one season.
If you give up during the coldness of winter, you 70 the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and harvest of autumn in your life.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）从方框中选择合适的词或词组填空，完成短文。
lead to, prevent, get lost, nearly, are born
Shijiu Lake is famous for its birds. Every November, over 1,000 swans fly here to rest. They stay here for 71 five months and leave in March. They fly between South China and North China every year. It is amazing that these birds can fly such a long distance and they never 72 . Our biology teacher says they 73 with the special abilities.
Old people say the lake is a gift for humans from nature. They say the lake can also hold water so they can 74 floods. Our geography teacher says that with the lake, extreme（极端）weather will 75 less damage（损害） and loss. In this way, not only birds and fish, humans are also living under its protection.
（2023·江苏苏州·八年级统考期末）请阅读下面句子，将方框中单词或短语的正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每空格限填一个单词和短语，每个单词或短语只能填一次。
as well as；abroad；include；take place；important
The 5th Life Festival 76 from May 13 to 14 in Suzhou, Jiangsu province.
Around 100 artists from home and 77 took part in the event. The theme of the festival this year was “reborn”, with the purpose of remembering the past 78 hoping for a better future.
Organizer of the festival and head of the Life Art Education Fund, Yang Ping, shared her view on the 79 and value(价值) of humans and called on people to make the most of each day.
“Life Festival will continue to keep an eye on life art and fields 80 education, women and soon. ”
（2022上·江苏·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，将方框中单词或短语的正确形式填入横线上。每个单词或短语只能填一次。
example cut down small take action as a result
Many animals live in a place called the Amazon rain forest. This is a very big forest in South America. Some people are 81 lots of trees there. The rainforest is 82 now than ever before. This means that more animals, like frogs and butter lies, are now in danger. One 83 is the “poison dart” frog (箭毒蛙). These very little frogs can be red, yellow or blue and they often have black spots. They use these colors to frighten other animals. But the trees they live in are in danger and 84 so are the frogs. It’s very important for people to 85 to protect the rainforest right away.
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