中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题03 首字母填空（期末重难点）20篇
·模块一 首字母填空技巧
·模块二 短文首字母填空（名校期末真题）进阶练20篇
1.步骤如下：
看第一句动词的时态，确定本文的基本时态。
通读全文
做题：看前后文确定词性。注意名词单复数、动词时态、单词拼写等。
检查所填单词是否符合文意。
判断词性
（1）实词（表示完整意的词汇）
动词：动作或状态.
在主语后，考虑时态. 如： I basketball now./ I basketball yesterday.
时态辨别方法：
第一：通过标志性词，比如：yesterday----一般过去时；tomorrow----一般将来时。
第二：看连词，比如：并列连词and前后的句子时态一致。
第三：看整个文章主体时态。
在动词之后，考虑搭配，如：I like basketbal. / I want basketball.）
名词:人或物的名称。（常位于动词前后。如：I like ./ The like .）
可数名词单数
可数名词复数
不可数名词
形容词：表示人或物的特征。
位于名词之前：He is a boy.
位于系动词之后：He looks ./ The cat is .
复习系动词：
be动词
感官动词：look/smell/sound/taste/feel
保持：keep、stay、remain
变化：become、get、turn、go等
副词：
位于动词/动词短语之后：表示动作的状态或特征。
如：He runs ./ He does his homework .
位于形容词之前：修饰形容词。
如：He looks happy.
位于副词之前：修饰副词。
如：He runs quickly.
位于句首/句末：修饰整个句子。
如：，he arrived on time.
（2）虚词（功能词，没有完整的词汇意义，只表示语法意义。
冠词：在名词之前，限定所指范围。
如：He is a student.
介词：在名词性成分（名词、名词短语、动名词、代词等）之前。
如：He looks me.
注意：积累固定搭配（如：look for寻找/look after照顾 ）
连词：连接单词、短语、句子。
如：He likes English it is interesting.
He likes English he doesn’t like math.
助动词：帮助主要动词构成时态、句型等，常在主要动词之前。
如：He n’t like math.
（3）数词：表示数目（基数词）、顺序（序数词）
hundred百/thousand 千/million百万/billion十亿
表示明确的数：基数词+hundred百/thousand 千/million百万/billion十亿
如：2 hundred / 4 billion
表示不明确的数：基数词+hundreds百/thousands 千/millions百万/billions十亿 + of
如：hundreds of/ thousands of
（4）感叹词：oh、hello、yeah.
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
The art of blowing sugar is an important part of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). It has a long h 1 of more than 600 years. Xiong Chuanfa, 34 years old, has been working on blowing sugar figurines (糖人) for more than twenty years. He said it looks easy, b 2 it’s very difficult to master the skill. Do you know how to make sugar figurines Here are three steps.
First, the artist heats (加热) the syrup to a certain t 3 to 140°C． Next, he pulls (拉) off a small piece, m 4 it into a ball with an open center, then presses (按压) the open area together and stretches (拉伸) it to form a tube (管子). F 5 , he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.
Every morning, Xiong gets up early to prepare the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city. “Many people are interested in it, especially kids. When he blew a cute puppy out of molten maltose (溶化的麦芽糖) in just m 6 , kids looked carefully at him with great i 7 , thinking he was a magician (魔术师).
He hopes this special a 8 can let people feel its beauty. He also hopes to help them learn more about the Chinese c 9 . Xiong said, “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to make paper-cutting skills and modern elements (元素) together with sugar figurines.” He also said, “I will keep working and spend the r 10 of my life helping pass on this cultural heritage.”
【答案】
1．(h)istory 2．(b)ut 3．(t)emperature 4．(m)akes 5．(F)inally 6．(m)inutes 7．(i)nterest 8．(a)rt 9．(c)ulture 10．(r)est
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
1．句意：它有着600多年的悠久的历史。根据“...of more than 600 years.”可知，它有着600多年的悠久的历史。故填(h)istory。
2．句意：他说这个看起来简单，但是想掌握技能很难。“简单”和“难”之间是转折关系。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：首先，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定温度至140°C。根据“140°C”可知，指加热温度。故填(t)emperature。
4．句意：接下来，他取出一小块，把它做成一个中心开放的球，然后把开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管子。make sth into...“使成为，把……做成”，且根据动词“pulls (拉)”可知，时态为一般现在时，动词用三单形式。故填(m)akes。
5．句意：最后，他将空气吹入管子中，并变成不同的形状。根据“he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.”可知，这是最后一步了，结合首字母，故填(F)inally。
6．句意：当他在短短几分钟之内用溶化的麦芽糖吹出一只可爱的小狗时，孩子们非常感兴趣地认真看着他，以为他是魔术师。in+时间段“在一段时间之内/在一段时间之后”，结合首字母，故填(m)inutes。
7．句意：当他在短短几分钟之内用溶化的麦芽糖吹出一只可爱的小狗时，孩子们非常感兴趣地认真看着他，以为他是魔术师。with great interest“怀着极大的兴趣”，故填(i)nterest。
8．句意：他希望这种特殊的艺术能让人们感受到它的美丽。根据“The art of blowing sugar is an important part of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产).”可知，这是一种非物质文化遗产，一种艺术，故填(a)rt。
9．句意：他还希望帮助他们进一步了解中国文化。根据“I will keep working and spend the...of my life helping pass on this cultural heritage.”可知，传递这种文化遗产，帮助人们进一步了解中国文化。故填(c)ulture。
10．句意：我将继续努力并花费余生的时光来帮助传递这种文化遗产。the rest of...“其余的，剩下的”。故填(r)est。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
There are robots (机器人) all around us. They are very helpful. Some do very d 11 work like flying a plane or driving a subway train, and some do easy work. People put the program into the robots to t 12 them what to do. So they never make m 13 . They are very important in factories because they can do the s 14 job over and over again, and they never get bored.
In our d 15 life, robots are useful, too. In the past, people hoped that robots could help them w 16 their housework. And now, it has become t 17 . There’s even a kind of robots that can look after babies w 18 at home. Usually we think a robot must look like a real person, but in f 19 , it just looks like a machine most of the time.
In the future, robots will be smarter. It’s p 20 that robots will help people do more things.
【答案】
11．(d)ifficult 12．(t)ell 13．(m)istakes 14．(s)ame 15．(d)aily 16．(w)ith 17．(t)rue 18．(w)ell 19．(f)act 20．(p)ossible
【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人的用处。
11．句意：有些做非常困难的工作，比如开飞机或开地铁，有些做简单的工作。根据“some do easy work”可知，有些机器人做简单的工作，有些就做难的工作，difficult“困难的”，故填(d)ifficult。
12．句意：人们把程序放进机器人里，告诉它们该做什么。根据“them what to do”及首字母可知，告诉机器人该做些什么，tell“告诉”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(t)ell。
13．句意：所以它们从未犯错误。根据“People put the program into the robots to … them what to do”可知，人们在机器人里放入程序，来告诉机器人做些什么，所以机器人不会犯错误，make mistakes“犯错误”，故填(m)istakes。
14．句意：他们在工厂里非常重要，因为他们可以一遍又一遍地做同样的工作，而且他们永远不会感到无聊。根据“because they can do the… job over and over again”及首字母可知，不断重复做相同的工作，same“相同的”，故填(s)ame。
15．句意：在我们的日常生活中，机器人也很有用。根据“In our … life”及首字母可知，此处指在日常生活中，daily“日常的”，故填(d)aily。
16．句意：在过去，人们希望机器人能帮助他们做家务。help sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”，动词短语，故填(w)ith。
17．句意：现在，梦想成真了。根据“people hoped that robots could help them with their housework”及“There’s even a kind of robots that can look after babies”可知，之前人们希望机器人可以帮助他们做家务，现在梦想实现了，机器人甚至可以帮助他们照顾婴儿，become后接形容词true“真实的”作表语，故填(t)rue。
18．句意：甚至有一种机器人可以很好地在家照顾婴儿。根据“look after babies”及首字母可知，此处指好好照顾婴儿，副词well修饰动词短语look after，故填(w)ell。
19．句意：但事实上，大多数时候它看起来就像一台机器。in fact“事实上”，介词短语，故填(f)act。
20．句意：机器人可能会帮助人们做更多的事情。根据“In the future, robots will be smarter”可知，在未来机器人会更聪明，所以帮助人们做更多的事情也是可能的，possible“可能的”，故填(p)ossible。
（2022上·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）短文填空，根据首字母提示写出文中所缺的单词。
Lucy and Kate both work in a supermarket. They are good f 21 and they enjoy working together. Lucy and Kate like telling jokes and w 22 programmes about music on TV. They do not like their boss, Mr Brown, because he is very strict and always shouts at them. Once, Mr Brown s 23 so loudly at Lucy that he made her cry. Lucy and Kate stop telling jokes w 24 Mr Brown is nearby.
Mr Brown likes playing tennis very much. He p 25 tennis three times a week and takes part in many tennis matches, b 26 he never won any tennis titles (赢得网球冠军). One day, Mr Brown arrived at work as u 27 and smiled at Lucy and Kate as he gave them two big boxes of chocolates each. The girls were very s 28 . At the end of the day, they found out the reason why Mr Brown was so h 29 . He won his first title in a local competition! Lucy and Kate t 30 that life will be much better working at the supermarket from then on.
【答案】
21．(f)riends 22．(w)atching 23．(s)houted 24．(w)hen 25．(p)lays 26．(b)ut 27．(u)sual 28．(s)urprised/(s)hocked 29．(h)appy 30．(t)hink
【导语】本文主要讲述了超市的两个很要好的朋友Lucy和Kate，她们的老板Mr Brown经常对他们大喊大叫，但是有一天老板获得了他的第一个冠军，老板很高兴，也让Lucy和Kate很开心。
21．句意：她们是好朋友并且她们很喜欢一起工作。根据“they enjoy working together.”可知，她们是好朋友，放在形容词good后面，用名词。故填(f)riends。
22．句意：Lucy和Kate喜欢讲笑话和一起看电视上关于音乐的节目。根据首字母提示和“programmes about music on TV.”可知，是看节目。又根据前文“Lucy and Kate like telling jokes and...”可知，此处的“watch”应与“telling”保持一致，用动词ing形式。故填(w)atching。
23．句意：有一次，Mr Brown朝 Lucy大声喊叫，让Lucy哭了。根据“because he is very strict and always shouts at them.”可知，是大喊。又根据后文“so loudly at Lucy that he made her cry”可知，此处的“shout”应用一般过去时，故填(s)houted。
24．句意：当 Mr Brown在旁边的时候，Lucy和Kate会停止讲笑话。根据句意可知，此处需填入中文意思为“当……时”的单词when，故填(w)hen。
25．句意：他一周打3次网球并且参加很多网球比赛，但是他从来没有赢得网球冠军。根据“tennis three times a week”可知，是表示“打网球”，又根据“takes part in many tennis matches”可知，用一般现在时，主语是三单。故填(p)lays。
26．句意：他一周打3次网球并且参加很多网球比赛，但是他从来没有赢得网球冠军。根据“takes part in many tennis matches...won any tennis titles (赢得网球冠军).”可知，前后是转折关系。故填(b)ut。
27．句意：一天，Mr Brown和往常一样到公司并且朝Lucy and Kate微笑，给她们一人一盒巧克力。根据句意，可知考查“as usual”。表示“和往常一样”。故填(u)sual。
28．句意：女孩们都很震惊。根据“ as he gave them two big boxes of chocolates each.”可知，Mr Brown的反常行为让女孩们震惊。故填(s)urprised/(s)hocked。
29．句意：她们发现了Mr Brown如此开心的原因。根据“He won his first title in a local competition!”可知，Mr Brown是开心的。故填(h)appy。
30．句意：Lucy和Kate认为从那以后，在超市的工作会更好。根据句意及首字母提示，可知这是她们的想法。故填(t)hink。
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示，补全短文中所缺单词。
Maybe many of us like reading. But how many books do you read in a day Caleb Green, a little boy f 31 the USA, read 100 books in a day at the age of 4.
Caleb likes reading a lot. One day, he told his parents he d 32 to read 100 books in a day. They were very surprised b 33 that was too much for a 4-year-old child. So they a 34 him to read fewer books, but he wanted to have a try. Then they collected 100 books and live- streamed(在线直播) Caleb’s reading. Lots of people were i 35 in the boy and watched him reading. Caleb did a little dance every time he finished 10 books.
Caleb finished the reading marathon(马拉松) successfully. Everyone was h 36 for him. His father said, “After watching Caleb achieve his goal(达成目标), I’m p 37 to do the same. I will set(设定)some high goals for myself in the coming years. And then Caleb’s sisters and brothers also set high goals for t 38 . They said Caleb was their e 39 . They should learn from him.”
Everything is p 40 if you put your heart into it.
【答案】
31．(f)rom 32．(d)ecided 33．(b)ecause 34．(a)dvised 35．(i)nterested 36．(h)appy 37．(p)reparing 38．(t)hemselves 39．(e)xample 40．(p)ossible
【导语】本文主要讲述Caleb决定完成一天阅读100本书的挑战，并在网络上直播，最后成功的故事。
31．句意：来自美国的小男孩Caleb Green在4岁的时候一天读了100本书。根据“Caleb Green, a little boy f...the USA”可知，男孩来自美国，from“来自”符合语境。故填(f)rom。
32．句意：有一天，他告诉他的父母他决定在一天内读100本书。根据“he told his parents he d...to read 100 books in a day”可知，他决定在一天内读100本书，decide“决定”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。
33．句意：他们非常惊讶，因为这对一个4岁的孩子来说太多了。“that was too much for a 4-year-old child”是“They were very surprised”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。
34．句意：所以他们建议他少读些书，但他还是想试一试。根据“So they a...him to read fewer books, but he wanted to have a try.”可知，他们建议他少读些书，advise“建议”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(a)dvised。
35．句意：许多人对这个男孩很感兴趣，看着他读书。根据“Lots of people were i...in the boy and watched him reading.”可知，许多人对这个男孩很感兴趣，be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填(a)dvised。
36．句意：每个人都为他感到高兴。根据“Caleb finished the reading marathon(马拉松) successfully.”可知，他成功了，所以大家为他开心，happy“开心的”，在句中作表语。故填(h)appy。
37．句意：在看到Caleb实现了他的目标后，我也准备这么做。根据“After watching Caleb achieve his goal(达成目标), I’m p...to do the same.”可知，作者也准备这么做，prepare“准备”，时态是现在进行时。故填(p)reparing。
38．句意：Caleb的兄弟姐妹们也为自己设定了很高的目标。根据“And then Caleb’s sisters and brothers also set high goals for t...”可知，Caleb的兄弟姐妹们也为自己设定了很高的目标，themselves“他们自己”符合语境。故填(t)hemselves。
39．句意：他们说Caleb是他们的榜样。根据“They said Caleb was their e... They should learn from him.”可知，Caleb是他们的榜样，example“榜样”符合语境。故填(e)xample。
40．句意：只要你用心，一切皆有可能。根据“Everything is p...if you put your heart into it.”可知，一切皆有可能，possible“可能的”，在句中作表语。故填(p)ossible。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
Many have heard of shark fin soup（鱼翅汤）. This famous and expensive d 41 is especially popular in southern China. But do you know that you’re killing a whole shark each t 42 you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup
When people c 43 sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the sea. It is l 44 cutting off your arms and legs and then leaving you bleeding（流血）to death. This is not only cruel（残忍）, but also harmful to the sea. W 45 a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain（链条）in the ocean’s ecosystem（生态系统）. If their numbers d 46 too low, it will bring huge problems to all sea life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered as they are the strongest in their food chain. But the f 47 is that around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. A r 48 says the numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Some countries, like the US and the UK, have made l 49 to stop people buying and selling shark fins.
No scientific studies show that shark fins are of value in making people healthy and strong. I 50 , scientists say they can cause health problems, so why eat them Help save the sharks!
【答案】
41．(d)ish 42．(t)ime 43．(c)atch 44．(l)ike 45．(W)ithout 46．(d)rop 47．(f)act 48．(r)eport 49．(l)aws 50．(I)nstead
【导语】本文主要讲了人们为了喝鱼翅汤，大量捕杀鲨鱼，导致鲨鱼数量下降，从而整个海洋生态系统处在危险之中。作者呼吁人们禁止捕杀鲨鱼。
41．句意：这种著名而昂贵的菜在中国南方尤其流行。根据“Many have heard of shark fin soup（鱼翅汤）.”结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“菜”，dish“菜”，是名词，空前有“this”修饰，空处使用单数形式。故填(d)ish。
42．句意：但你知道吗，每次享用一碗鱼翅汤，你都会杀死一整条鲨鱼？根据空前“each”及空后“you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup”及首字母提示可知，空处表示“次”。应用time，此处名词用单数形式，故填(t)ime。
43．句意：人们捕杀鲨鱼时，他们割下鲨鱼的鳍，把鲨鱼扔回海里。根据“they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the sea.”可知，空处表示“抓住”。catch“抓住”，动词。空处句子为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填(c)atch。
44．句意：这就像割下你的胳膊和腿，然后让你流血致死。根据“When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the sea.”可知，空处表示“像……一样”，应用介词like，故填(l)ike。
45．句意：如果没有鳍，鲨鱼就不能再游泳，慢慢地就会死亡。根据“a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies.”结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“没有”。without“没有”，是介词。故填(W)ithout。
46．句意：如果它们的数量下降得太低，将给所有海洋生物带来巨大的问题。根据“it will bring huge problems to all sea life”及结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“下降”。空处句子时态为一般现在时，主语numbers 为复数主语，谓语动词使用原形，drop“下降”，动词。故填(d)rop。
47．句意：但事实是，每年约有7000万只鲨鱼在这个行业被捕获和交易。根据“is that around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year.”及结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“事实”，fact“事实”，是名词，根据空后“is”可知，空处使用名词单数形式。故填(f)act。
48．句意：一份报告称，在过去的20到30年里，某些种类的鲨鱼数量下降了90%以上。根据“says the numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.”及结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“报告”，report“报告”，空前有不定冠词a修饰，空处使用名词单数形式。故填(r)eport。
49．句意：一些国家，如美国和英国，已经制定了法律来阻止人们买卖鱼翅。根据“to stop people buying and selling shark fins.”及结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“法令”，应用名词law表示，表示泛指应用复数形式，故填(l)aws。
50．句意：反而，科学家说鱼翅会导致健康问题，那为什么要吃鱼翅呢？根据“No scientific studies show that shark fins are of value in making people healthy and strong.”及下文“scientists say they can cause health problems”及结合首字母提示可知，空处表示“反而”，应用副词instead“反而”，故填(I)nstead。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）A boy and his father walk in the mountains. Suddenly, the boy f 51 and cries, “Ah!” To his surprise, he hears a v 52 repeat, “Ah!”
The boy f 53 curious. He asks, “Who are you ” He gets the answer, “Who are you ” The boy is a little a 54 . He shouts, “Coward!” He hears the voice repeat, “Coward!” The boy looks at his father and a 55 , “What’s that in the mountains ” The father s 56 and says, “My son, pay attention.” And he shouts, “You are g 57 !” The voice answers, “You are great!” Again the father shouts, “You are a hero!” And the voice answers, “You are a hero!”
The boy is very s 58 . The father says to him, “People call this ‘echo’. I want you to know that life is l 59 an echo. It gives you back e 60 you say or do.”
If you want more love from other people, create more love in your heart first. If you want your team to be strong, you should try to be strong first. Life will give you back everything you have given to it.
【答案】
51．(f)alls 52．(v)oice 53．(f)eels 54．(a)ngry 55．(a)sks 56．(s)miles 57．(g)reat 58．(s)urprised 59．(l)ike 60．(e)verything
【导语】本文讲述了一位父亲通过回声的原理告诉儿子，生活就像回声，你对生活付出了什么，生活就会回报你什么。
51．句意：突然，男孩摔倒了，大叫一声：“啊！”根据“Ah!”及首字母判断，男孩摔倒了；fall“跌倒”，动词；由“and cries”可知，此处应用第三人称单数。故填(f)alls。
52．句意：令他惊讶的是，他听到一个声音重复道：“啊！”根据“ repeat, ‘Ah!’ ”可知，有一个声音重复地说了句“啊”；voice“嗓音”，符合语境，此处用名词单数。故填(v)oice。
53．句意：男孩感到好奇。根据“curious”及首字母可知，此处是感到好奇；feel“感觉”，动词；时态为一般现在时，主语为“The boy”，故动词用第三人称单数。故填(f)eels。
54．句意：男孩有点生气。根据“He shouts, ‘Coward!’ ”可知，男孩问对方是谁，对方重复他的话，由此推知男孩有点生气了；angry“生气的”，形容词。故填(a)ngry。
55．句意：小男孩看着他的父亲问道：“山上那是什么 ”根据“What’s that in the mountains ”是男孩的问题可知，此处指男孩询问父亲；ask“询问”，动词；时态为一般现在时，主语为“The boy”，故动词用第三人称单数。故填(a)sks。
56．句意：父亲笑着说：“儿子，注意听。”根据“The father ... and says”及首字母可知，父亲是笑着说的；smile“微笑”，动词；时态为一般现在时，主语为“The father”，动词用第三人称单数。故填(s)miles。
57．句意：你真棒！根据下文“You are great!”可知，此处是父亲对大山说的话，great“很棒的”，符合语境。故填(g)reat。
58．句意：男孩非常惊讶。根据上文可知，不管男孩和他父亲对大山说什么，大山给的是同样的回应，男孩对此不解，应是感到惊讶；surprised“惊讶的”，形容词，作表语。故填(s)urprised。
59．句意：我想让你知道，生活就像回声。根据“life is ... an echo”可知，生活就像回声，like“像”，介词。故填(l)ike。
60．句意：你所说或所做的一切都会回馈给你。根据“It gives you back ... you say or do.”可知，生活就像回声，你所说的和做的一切都会得到回应；结合首字母提示，应填everything“一切”。故填(e)verything。
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的英文单词，使短文通顺。
March 22 is the World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only m 61 us think about the importance of water, but also calls on us to s 62 and protect water. Water is very important in our daily life. Its true value is much more t 63 its price. As we all know, usually a man can only stay a 64 for three or four days without water.
Today, the water problems are serious, such as water pollution, water waste and water shortage. Luckily, many g 65 and organizations have already taken action to protect water. Also, many charities (慈善机构) are t 66 their best to make more people have clean water.
What can we students do to help We can s 67 the charities, take part in the World Water Day a 68 . We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to f 69 out more events near us. We should be careful with how we use water in our own lives. For example, when we b 70 our teeth, we should turn off the tap. We should also take showers for less than 10 minutes.
If all of us do something, we can make a difference.
【答案】
61．(m)akes 62．(s)ave 63．(t)han 64．(a)live 65．(g)roups 66．(t)rying 67．(s)upport 68．(a)ctivities 69．(f)ind 70．(b)rush
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了水的重要性以及节约用水的方法。
61．句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且还呼吁我们节约和保护水。根据句意可知，此处考查make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，make“使得”符合题意，一般现在时中it后谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，所以应该填makes。故填(m)akes。
62．句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，而且还呼吁我们节约和保护水。根据“Water is very important in our daily life.”可知，此处应该是号召节约用水。save“节约”符合题意，to后跟动词原形。故填(s)ave。
63．句意：它的真正价值远远超过它的价格。根据分析句子可知，此处考查more than“超过”，是固定短语。故答案为(t)han。
64．句意：我们都知道，如果没有水，一个人通常只能活三四天。根据“a man can only stay ”和“for three or four days without water”可知，此处指的是没有水人能活的时间。又由stay“保持”，是持续系动词，后面跟形容词。所以alive“活着的”符合题意。故填(a)live。
65．句意：幸运的是，许多团体和组织已经采取了保护水的行动。根据many后跟可数名词复数可知，此处应该填一个复数名词，结合语境和首字母提示，此处跟organizations并列，groups“团体”符合题意。故填(g)roups。
66．句意：此外，许多慈善机构正在尽最大努力使更多的人有干净的水。根据分析句子可知，此处考查try one’s best to do sth.“尽全力做某事”，是固定搭配，are后跟动词的现在分词构成现在进行时的谓语动词。故填(t)rying。
67．句意：我们可以支持慈善事业，参加世界水日的活动。根据“What can we students do to help ”，结合首字母提示可知，此处表示支持慈善机构，所以support“支持”符合题意，又由can后跟动词原形，所以填动词原形。故填(s)upport。
68．句意：我们可以支持慈善事业，参加世界水日的活动。根据“…take part in the World Water Day”可知，此处应该是参加活动，并且活动不止一个，所以名词要用复数形式，activities“活动”符合题意。故填(a)ctivities。
69．句意：我们还可以访问联合国世界水日网站，了解更多离我们很近的活动。根据“We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to…out more events near us.”可知，此处应该是通过这个网站去找出更出更多我们身边的事件。结合首字母提示和“out”可知，考查动词短语find out“找出”，to后跟动词原形。故填(f)ind。
70．句意：例如，当我们刷牙时，我们应该关掉水龙头。根据“we”可知，此处主语是复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数形式，结合句意和首字母提示，brush“刷”符合题意，brush one’s teeth“刷牙”。故填(b)rush。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级盐城文港路初级中学校考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，完成短文。(每空一词)
Winter is cold in some places. Many plants stop g 71 during the winter and some plants die. Snow and ice may cover the ground. It can be d 72 for animals to find food during the winter. Animals get through this time in many ways.
Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them do not stick around for the winter. They go to a place w 73 warm weather. Then they come home in spring. Migrating (迁徙) is a good way to avoid the cold.
A 74 good way to keep away from the cold is to sleep through it. Many animals sleep during the winter. Their bodies slow down in order to save their energy. They n 75 eat anything. They get energy from their fat. They do so till their f 76 comes back. We call this hibernation (冬眠).
Some animals keep food in their homes. They do not sleep all winter, but they do much less. They live on w 77 they save in summer and fall. Other animals do not leave or hide. They may try to live during such cold days. Sometimes nature h 78 them out. Some animals grow thicker coats in winter. Other animals change c 79 . The article fox is brown in summer but his coat turns white in winter.
Winter may be pleasant. It is nice to see snow on the tree. But it is dangerous too. People also face such a p 80 . How do you beat the winter Do you wear a thick coat Do you stay inside Or do you live somewhere warm
【答案】
71．(g)rowing 72．(d)ifficult 73．(w)ith 74．(A)nother 75．(n)ever 76．(f)ood 77．(w)hat 78．(h)elps 79．(c)olors/(c)olours 80．(p)roblem
【导语】本文介绍了动物们过冬的几种方式。
71．句意：在冬天，很多植物停止生长，还有一些会死亡。根据“some plants die”结合常识可知有些会停止生长，grow“生长”，stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”，此处用growing。故填(g)rowing。
72．句意：在冬天，对于动物们来说寻找到食物是困难的。根据“Snow and ice may cover the ground.”可知大地被冰雪覆盖，动物们很难找到食物，difficult“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。
73．句意：它们会去天气暖和的地方。根据“They go to a place w... warm weather.”可知是去有暖和天气的地方，用with表示“有”。故填(w)ith。
74．句意：另外一个远离寒冷的好方法是睡觉。根据“Migrating is a good way to avoid the cold.”可知此处是另外一个方法，another“另一个”。故填(A)nother。
75．句意：它们从不吃东西。根据“They get energy from their fat.”可知他们在冬天从不吃东西，never“从不”。故填(n)ever。
76．句意：它们这样做直到它们的食物回来。根据“They n... eat anything. They get energy from their fat.”可知此处和食物有关，food“食物”。故填(f)ood。
77．句意：它们依靠在夏天和秋天储存的食物生活。此处为宾语从句引导词，并且在宾语从句中作save的宾语，用what。故填(w)hat。
78．句意：有时候，大自然会帮助它们。根据“Some animals grow thicker coats in winter.”可推出是大自然有时候会帮忙，help“帮助”，nature后接第三人称单数形式。故填(h)elps。
79．句意：另一些动物改变颜色。根据“The article fox is brown in summer but his coat turns white in winter.”可知这是颜色的改变，此处用复数。故填(c)olors/(c)olours。
80．句意：人们也要面对这个问题。根据“How do you beat the winter Do you wear a thick coat Do you stay inside Or do you live somewhere warm ”可知人们也面临这样一个问题，problem“问题”，a后接单数。故填(p)roblem。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
April 2nd, Sunday Fine
Wang Qiang and I went f 81 in the river near our village this morning. We stayed at the bank of it almost the whole day, b 82 we got nothing. The water in it was very d 83 . Maybe fish can’t live there.
A few years ago, the w 84 here was clean and people could see lots of fish in it. C 85 often swam in it in summer. But after many factories moved here, they gave off many poisonous things i 86 the river. They m 87 the river very dirty. The flowers, the grass and many other living things near the river died. It even made some people sick. The balance (平衡) of n 88 near the river was broken.
We both feel s 89 . We should do s 90 for our river.
Loving the nature is loving ourselves!
【答案】
81．(f)ishing 82．(b)ut 83．(d)irty 84．(w)ater 85．(C)hildren 86．(i)nto 87．(m)ade 88．(n)ature 89．(s)ad/(s)orry 90．(s)omething
【导语】本文是一篇日记，讲述了作者和王强去河里钓鱼一无所获，进而分析造成这种现象的原因是工厂向河里排放了许多有害物质，打破了河流附近的生态平衡。
81．句意：今天早上我和王强到我们村附近的河里钓鱼去了。根据“We stayed at the bank of it almost the whole day”和“Maybe fish can’t live there.”可知，作者和王强去钓鱼了；go fishing“钓鱼”，固定短语。故填(f)ishing。
82．句意：我们几乎在河岸边待了一整天，但一无所获。前后句意转折，结合首字母提示，应用转折连词but。故填(b)ut。
83．句意：河里的水非常脏。根据下文“They ... the river very dirty.”推知，河水很脏；dirty“脏的”，形容词作表语。故填(d)irty。
84．句意：几年前，这里的水很干净，人们可以看到很多鱼。根据“people could see lots of fish in it”可知，几年前，水是干净的；water“水”，不可数名词。故填(w)ater。
85．句意：夏天孩子们经常在里面游泳。根据“... often swam in it in summer.”及首字母可知，此处指孩子们夏天经常在河里游泳；children“孩子们”，名词复数作主语。故填(C)hildren。
86．句意：但许多工厂搬到这里后，他们向河里排放了许多有毒的东西。根据“they gave off many poisonous things ... the river.”可知，工厂将有毒的东西排放进河里；结合首字母提示，应填into“到……里面”。故填(i)nto。
87．句意：他们把河弄得很脏。根据“They ... the river very dirty.”及首字母可知，make“使，让”，符合语境；时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式made；make sth. adj.“使某物……”。故填(m)ade。
88．句意：河流附近的自然平衡被打破了。根据上文“The flowers, the grass and many other living things near the river died. It even made some people sick.”可知，河流周围的自然平衡很打破了；nature“自然”，符合语境。故填(n)ature。
89．句意：我们都感到很难过/抱歉。根据上文介绍河流被污染，周边的生态被破坏，以及“We should do ... for our river.”可知，对于河流的遭遇，作者和王强都感到很难过/抱歉；sad“难过的”/sorry“抱歉的”，形容词作表语。故填(s)ad/(s)orry。
90．句意：我们应该为我们的河流做点什么。根据“We should do ... for our river.”及首字母可知，此处指为河流做一些事情；something“某事物”，符合语境。故填(s)omething。
（2022上·江苏淮安·八年级统考期末）Soon the real noise name, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to s 91 . People screamed in fear. Some ran out of the building. I tried my beat to run out too, but I could not. Outside, people were running in all d 92 while pieces of glasses and bricks were falling down. Then the walls began to come down too!
Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and s 93 around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not know i 94 anyone else was near me. I felt n 95 and my heart was b 96 fast “I’m trapped, I said to myself. A moment of fear went through my m 97 , but I told myself to calm down since I was still a 98 .
I s 99 for help, but no one came. I started to pull myself slowly through the d 100 . Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.
【答案】
91．(s)hake 92．(d)irections 93．(s)ilent 94．(i)f 95．(n)ervous 96．(b)eating 97．(m)ind 98．(a)live 99．(s)houted 100．(d)ark
【导语】本文介绍作者在地震中的经历。
91．句意：地面开始晃动。start to do sth表示“开始做某事”，根据“Soon the real noise name, like bombs under the ground. ”可知此处介绍地震的情况，地面会晃动，shake表示“晃动”。故填(s)hake。
92．句意：外面，人们向四面八方跑去，玻璃碎片和砖块纷纷落下。in all directions表示“四面八方”。故填(d)irections。
93．句意：我周围漆黑，安静。and连接并列的形容词，地震过后，应该是安静的，用silent表示。故填(s)ilent。
94．句意：我不知道我附近是否还有别人。根据“and I did not know...anyone else was near me.”可知此处指不知道是否还有人，用if引导宾语从句。故填(i)f。
95．句意：我感觉很紧张，我的心跳的很快。feel后接形容词作表语，地震过后应该感到紧张，nervous表示“紧张的”。故填(n)ervous。
96．句意：我感觉很紧张，我的心跳的很快。根据“ my heart was ...fast ”可知此处指心跳快，用动词beat表示，此处是过去进行时。故填(b)eating。
97．句意：我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要冷静下来，因为我还活着。根据“A moment of fear went through my ”可知恐惧掠过脑海，mind表示“脑海”。故填(m)ind。
98．句意：我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要冷静下来，因为我还活着。此空为形容词作表语，根据“for help, but no one came.”可知作者还活着，alive表示“活着”。故填(a)live。
99．句意：我大喊求救，但是没人来。全文一般过去时，根据“for help, but no one came.”可知此处指大喊呼救，shout表示“喊”。故填(s)houted。
100．句意：我开始慢慢地在黑暗中挣扎。根据“Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and ...around me. ”可知作者在黑暗中，dark表示“黑暗”。故填(d)ark。
（2022上·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the Tang dynasty, there lived a man called Meng Jiao. He was born in a poor family. Meng loved poems. He spent time studying them. He gave all of his life to the art. His hard work showed. It helped him become an e 101 poet.
Meng made a living by w 102 poems, but it was not really a paying job at that time. Meng was poor most of his life. When he got older, he wanted to change this. He needed to make more m 103 , so he decided to take Keju exams.
The Keju was China’s official test system(系统) at that time. A 104 could take the exams. The Keju gave everyone a chance and it was highly p 105 for them to become officers after passing the exams.
Meng p 106 very hard for the tests. He took them a few times. Each time, he failed. But he n 107 gave up. He studied harder and harder. At the age of 46, Meng f 108 made it.
Meng put on his new clothes and rode on a horse through Chang’an city. D 109 his ride, Meng wrote a poem. “On the crest(顶峰) of success, with my horse trotting(疾走) in the breeze(和风), I viewed all the flowers in Chang’an in one day.” Meng d 110 his feelings of excitement. On that day, he was able to let go of the disappointments of the past.
【答案】
101．(e)xcellent 102．(w)riting 103．(m)oney 104．(A)nyone 105．(p)ossible 106．(p)repared 107．(n)ever 108．(f)inally 109．(D)uring 110．(d)escribed
【导语】本文主要讲述了唐代古代诗人孟郊参加科举，最终高中的故事。
101．句意：这帮助他成为了一名杰出的诗人。根据首字母和上文“His hard work showed.”可知，他成为了一名杰出的诗人。excellent意为“杰出的”。故填(e)xcellent。
102．句意：孟郊以写诗为生，但在当时这并不是一份真正有报酬的工作。孟郊是一个诗人，结合首字母和“poems”可知，此处指写诗。write意为“写”,跟在介词by后用其动名词形式。故填(w)riting。
103．句意：他需要赚更多的钱，所以他决定参加科举考试。结合首字母和上文“made a living”可知，此处指赚钱。money意为“钱”。故填(m)oney。
104．句意：任何人可以参加考试。结合首字母和句意可知，任何人可以参加考试。anyone意为“任何人”。故填(A)nyone。
105．句意：科举给了每个人一个机会，他们通过考试成为官员的可能性很大。根据“for them to become officers after passing the exams.”可知通过科举考试，他们很可能成为官员，possible“可能的”。故填(p)ossible。
106．句意：孟郊为考试很努力准备。结合首字母和句意可知，孟郊为考试做了很多准备。prepare意为“准备”，文章时态为一般过去时，此处用其过去式。故填(p)repared。
107．句意：但是他从不放弃。根据上文“Each time, he failed.”和转折词“But”可知，此处表示他没有放弃。never意为“从不”。故填(n)ever。
108．句意：46岁的时候，孟郊终于成功了。结合首字母和上文“He studied harder and harder.”可知，他终于成功了。finally意为“最后，终于”。故填(f)inally。
109．句意：在旅途中，孟郊写了一首诗。根据首字母和上文“Meng put on his new clothes and rode on a horse through Chang’an city.”可知，他去骑马旅行了，此处指在旅途过程中，他作了一首诗。during意为“在……期间”。故填(D)uring。
110．句意：孟郊形容他激动的心情。根据首字母和上文孟郊作诗可知，他用诗句表达内心的“兴奋”。describe意为“描述，形容”，此处用其过去式。故填(d)escribed。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）
The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 111 in Chinese culture.
The chrysanthemum is known as one of the “F 112 Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the plum blossom, the orchid, and bamboo. In the past, they s 113 for noble(高尚的) qualities.
The chrysanthemum comes out in bright colours during cold autumn days, w 114 most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired ancient Chinese poets. They praised its beauty and a 115 used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) themselves in their works.
Tao Yuanming was a f 116 poet. He once wrote a poem about living as a hermit (隐士). He d 117 how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his spirit in the poem.
“I pluck chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山),” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the symbol of the hermit. But chrysanthemums are not only found in Chinese poems. They are also p 118 of Chinese food.
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month on the lunar calendar (阴历). On that day, d 119 wine (酒) made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It tastes great. People believe it is good for one’s h 120 .
In a word, the chrysanthemum has brought great influence to people’s life.
【答案】
111．(m)eanings 112．(F)our 113．(s)tood 114．(w)hen 115．(a)lso 116．(f)amous 117．(d)escribed 118．(p)art 119．(d)rinking 120．(h)ealth
【导语】本文介绍了在中国传统文化中，“菊”所代表的含义以及人们对于“菊花”的饮食偏爱。
111．句意：这美丽的花在中国文化中有许多含义。根据“The beautiful flower has many...in Chinese culture.”和首字母m可知，菊花在中国传统文化中有许多含义，名词meaning“意思”符合语境；many后接复数名词。故填(m)eanings。
112．句意：菊花被誉为“植物四君子”之一。根据下文“The other three are the plum blossom, the orchid, and bamboo.”可知，加上菊花，此处提及四种植物，four“四”，基数词表数量。故填(F)our。
113．句意：在过去，它们代表高尚的品质。根据“...for noble(高尚的) qualities.”和首字母s可知，此处应用短语stand for“代表”，表示“菊花代表高尚的品质”；根据“In the past”可知，谓语动词stand应用过去式。故填(s)tood。
114．句意：菊花在寒冷的秋日里开出鲜艳的颜色，此时大多数花都枯萎了。根据“The chrysanthemum comes out in bright colours during cold autumn days,...most flowers die.”和首字母w可知，此处指当大多数花枯萎的时候，菊花却开出鲜艳的颜色，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填(w)hen。
115．句意：他们赞美菊花的美丽，并在作品中用菊花来指代自己。根据“They praised its beauty and...used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) themselves in their works.”和首字母a可知，此处指中国的诗人们不仅赞美菊花，而且用菊花指代自己，用also“也”来表示意思的递进。故填(a)lso。
116．句意：陶渊明是一位著名的诗人。根据“Tao Yuanming was a...poet.”和首字母f可知，陶渊明是著名的诗人，应用形容词famous“著名的”作定语。故填(f)amous。
117．句意：他在诗中描述了自己是多么喜爱菊花，并用它来展示自己的精神。根据“...how he loved the chrysanthemum”和首字母d可知，此处指他描述对菊花的喜爱，动词describe“描述”符合题意；讲述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，谓语动词describe用过去式。故填(d)escribed。
118．句意：它们也是中国食物的一部分。根据上文“But chrysanthemums are not only found in Chinese poems.”可知，菊花不仅出现在诗中，也出现在中国食物中，是中国食物的一部分，用固定短语be part of“是……的一部分”。故填(p)art。
119．句意：在那一天，喝菊花做的酒是一个流行的传统。根据“wine”和首字母d可知，酒是用来喝的，动词drink“喝”符合题意，此处应用动名词形式作主语。故填(d)rinking。
120．句意：人们相信它对健康有益。根据“Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. ...People believe it is good for one’s...”和首字母h可知，菊花茶对健康有益，不可数名词health“健康”符合题意。故填(h)ealth。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）（二）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
The official mascot（吉祥物）for the FIFA World Cup in Qatar 2022 is La’eeb—a figure whose name m 121 “super-skilled player” in Arabic. It is liked by young and old football fans from all over the world. Chinese fans call it “wonton wrapper”（馄饨皮）because it l 122 like the dumpling-like food.
With heavy eyebrows and big eyes, La‘eeb is i 123 the shape of the traditional headdress in Qatar. La’eeb can play football very well. He is fun, playful and curious. He encourages people to believe in t 124 as “Now is All”. The World Cup is a football festival of different c 125 around the world. And it celebrates people’s love for f 126 . During the Game, La’eeb is busy—welcoming the world, inspiring young fans and cheering the action. As a wonderful football player, he b 127 the joy of football to everyone.
The Qatar World Cup was held from November 21 to December 18 in 2022. It is the f 128 World Cup held in the Middle East and the Arab world. And it was held in winter because the t 129 in this Arabian country is very high during the summer. It was a successful event. La’eeb is very e 130 to be the mascot. He spreads joy, confidence and his youthful spirit everywhere he goes.
【答案】
121．(m)eans 122．(l)ooks 123．(i)n 124．(t)hemselves 125．(c)ountries/(c)ultures 126．(f)ootball 127．(b)rings 128．(f)irst 129．(t)emperature 130．(e)xcited
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。向我们介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯的吉祥物——拉伊卜。
121．句意：2022年卡塔尔世界杯的官方吉祥物是拉伊卜，这个名字在阿拉伯语中的意思是“超级技术娴熟的球员”。此处指 “super-skilled player”是La’eeb的含义，mean“表示……的意思”，主语a figure 为第三人称单数。故填(m)eans。
122．句意：中国粉丝称它为“馄饨皮”，因为它看起来像饺子。此处描述的是La’eeb长得像个馄饨皮，look“看起来”，时态为一般现在时且主语it为第三人称单数。故填(l)ooks。
123．句意：拉伊卜有着浓密的眉毛和大大的眼睛，外形酷似卡塔尔的传统头饰。in the shape of“呈……的形状”为固定搭配。故填(i)n。
124．句意：他鼓励人们相信自己，因为“现在就是一切”。此处指相信他们自己，应用反身代词，主语them为第三人称复数。故填(t)hemselves。
125．句意：世界杯是世界各国/不同文化的足球盛会。根据different可知，空格处应填一首字母为c的复数名词，结合常识可知世界杯是世界各国或者说各文化的足球盛会。故填(c)ountries/(c)ultures。
126．句意：它庆祝人们对足球的热爱。根据前文football festival 可知，世界杯是足球盛会，因此表达的是人们对足球的热爱。故填(f)ootball。
127．句意：作为一名出色的足球运动员，他把足球的乐趣带给了每个人。bring...to...“把……带给……”，时态为一般现在时且主语he为第三人称单数，故填(b)rings。
128．句意：这是首次在中东和阿拉伯地区举办的世界杯。根据常识可知，卡塔尔世界杯是首次在中东和阿拉伯地区举办的世界杯，应用序数词“第一”，故填(f)irst。
129．句意：它在冬天举行，因为这个阿拉伯国家夏天的温度非常高。常识可知，中东和阿拉伯地区夏季温度非常高，所以这次世界杯在冬季举办。temperature“温度”。故填(t)emperature。
130．句意：拉伊布很高兴能成为吉祥物。根据“He spreads joy, confidence and his youthful spirit everywhere he goes.”可知，La’eeb所到之处都传播着快乐、自信和年轻的精神，因此La’eeb成为吉祥物很兴奋，结合首字母e可知，应用excited“兴奋的”，be excited to do sth.“很高兴做某事”。故填(e)xcited。
（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
When the doctor arrived later that morning, he was very surprised. Colin was sitting on the sofa looking at one of his books. He was talking to Mary.
“So, you were i 131 last night, Colin.” he said.
“I’m better now, much better.” Colin answered in his young Rajah voice. “I’m going out in my wheelchair soon if it is f 132 , I want some fresh air.”
The doctor l 133 without saying anything else. That night Colin slept well. He d 134 about the garden again, and Dickon and his animals.
Early the next morning Mary ran into his room.
“Dickon and his animals are here, sir.” Mary said Just then Martha opened the door. Colin stared as Dickon gave him the new born lamb. Colin looked very e 135 . Then Colin and Mary asked Dickon questions about the names of flowers, he k 136 exactly which one were already growing in the secret garden.
“I’m going to s 137 them.” cried Colin. “I can’t believe it!”
The next day Colin sat in the wheelchair and Dickon p 138 slowly and carefully to the garden.
Mary walked next to it. They went a 139 the lawn to the long path near the wall.
“This is where 1 walked up and down looking for the door!” whispered Mary. Then Mary whispered again: “The robin f 140 over the wall here and there.” She said, pointing under a big bush in the flower bed. “Is where I found the key”.
Then Dickon stopped pushing the chair.
“And look!” Mary moved the ivy branch. “Here is the door.”
—Taken from The Secret Garden
【答案】
131．(i)ll 132．(f)ine 133．(l)eft 134．(d)reamed/(d)reamt 135．(e)xcited 136．(k)new 137．(s)ee 138．(p)ushed 139．(a)cross 140．(f)lew
【导语】本文是摘自《秘密花园》中的片段，讲述了几个主人公去秘密花园的情景。
131．句意：“科林，你昨晚病了。”他说。由“When the doctor arrived later that morning”和首字母可知，此处指生病了，be ill生病，固定搭配。故填(i)ll。
132．句意：“如果天气好的话，我很快就会坐轮椅出门，我想呼吸新鲜空气。”由“I want some fresh air”和首字母可知，此处指天气好才能出去呼吸新鲜空气。故填(f)ine。
133．句意：医生什么也没说就走了。由“The doctor l… without saying anything else”可知，医生看完病，应该就离开了，整篇文章用的一般过去时，应用leave的过去式。故填(l)eft。
134．句意：他又梦见了花园，梦见狄肯和他的动物们。由“That night Colin slept well”和首字母可知，此处指晚上做梦了，文章为一般过去时，应用dream的过去式。故填(d)reamed/(d)reamt。
135．句意：科林看起来非常兴奋。由“Then Colin and Mary asked Dickon questions about the names of flowers”和首字母可知，他问了很多问题，看起来很兴奋，excited兴奋的。故填(e)xcited。
136．句意：然后，科林和玛丽问狄肯关于花的名字的问题，他确切地知道了秘密花园里已经长出了哪种花。由“which one were already growing in the secret garden”和首字母可知，狄肯非常了解花园里的花，文章为一般过去时，应用know的过去式。故填(k)new。
137．句意：“我要去看它们。”科林喊道。由“which one were already growing in the secret garden”和首字母可知，科林知道有花长出来了，他想去看一看，to后接动词原形。故填(s)ee。
138．句意：第二天，科林坐在轮椅上，狄肯慢慢地、小心翼翼地推着他向花园走去。由“The next day Colin sat in the wheelchair”和首字母可知，科林坐在轮椅上由狄肯推着去花园，文章为一般过去时，应用push的过去式。故填(p)ushed。
139． 句意：他们穿过草坪，来到墙边那条长长的小路上。根据“They went a...the lawn”可知，是穿过草坪，go across穿过，固定搭配。故填(a)cross。
140．句意：然后玛丽又低声说：“知更鸟到处翻墙。”由“The robin f… over the wall here and there”可知，鸟飞来飞去，文章为一般过去时，应用fly的过去式。故填(f)lew。
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers. I was s 141 to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明).
Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time. It might be easy to c 142 fire. Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop. Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees. This turned out to be a pretty bright i 143 .
A 144 cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873. Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold. Chester had a c 145 idea. He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned. His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩). Greenwood’s one good idea p 146 jobs for people in the Farmington area.
Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E. Knight b 147 a small-town hero. She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12. Her brothers were working at a cloth factory. One day she was visiting them. A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker. She thought she could make the machines safer. She invented an effective(高效的) system. Her method(方法) was later used in many factories. She saved a lot of l 148 .
Some young people feel powerless. They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults. But the t 149 is that everyone has the power to change the world. A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer. A 15-year-old boy, blind in b 150 eyes, made written communication more accessible. Who knows what’s in store for your future
【答案】
141．(s)urprised/(s)hocked 142．(c)atch/(c)ause 143．(i)dea 144．(A)nother 145．(c)lever 146．(p)rovided 147．(b)ecame 148．(l)ives 149．(t)ruth 150．(b)oth
【导语】本文作者主要向我们介绍了几位年轻的小发明家的故事。
141．句意：得知年轻人创造了许多改变世界的发明，我感到震惊。根据“When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. ”可知，作者认为发明家都是一群灰白胡子的老人，所以得知是年轻人发明了很多东西时应是很吃惊/震惊，surprised/shocked符合语境。故填(s)urprised/(s)hocked。
142．句意：它可能很容易引起火灾。catch fire“着火”，固定短语；cause“引起”，to后跟动词原形构成动词不定式结构。故填(c)atch/(c)ause。
143．句意：这被证明是一个非常聪明的想法。根据“Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees.”和首字母可知，此处指“他把灯挂到圣诞树上”这种想法很聪明，idea“想法”，被a修饰用名词单数形式。故填(i)dea。
144．句意：另一个很酷的孩子，15岁的切斯特·格林伍德在1873年的一天滑冰。上文讲述了一个15岁的Albert Sadacca的小发明家的例子，此处是介绍另一个小发明家，所以用another表示“另一个”，故填(A)nother。
145．句意：切斯特有个聪明的的主意。根据“He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned.”及首字母可知，他想到了一个聪明的办法解决问题，clever“聪明的”符合语境。故填(c)lever。
146．句意：格林伍德的一个好主意为法明顿地区的人们提供就业机会。根据“jobs for people”及语境可知，此处指“给人们提供了工作”，provide sth for sb“提供某物给某人”，由“invented ”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(p)rovided。
147．句意：说到酷孩子，Margaret E. Knight是个小镇英雄。本句是主系表结构，结合首字母可知，此处指“是”，become符合语境，由made可知，时态一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填(b)ecame。
148．句意：她救了很多人的生命。根据“She made her first life-saving device”及备选词可知，这是一个救命设备，life“生命”，a lot of 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填(l)ives。
149．句意：但事实是，每个人都有能力改变世界。根据“everyone has the power to change the world.”及首字母可知，此处是反驳上文“一些年轻人感到无能为力。他们觉得自己生活在一个成年人为成年人创造的成人世界里”的观点，讲述的是真实的情况是什么样的，truth符合语境。故填(t)ruth。
150．句意：一个双目失明的15岁男孩，让书面交流变得更容易。根据“blind in ...eyes”及首字母可知，此处指“双目失明”，也就是两只眼睛失明，both“两个”符合语境。故填(b)oth。
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示，补全短文中所缺单词。
Wang Shunjin, a 64-year-old man from Xiamen, has begun planning his next cycling trip after taking a 94-day bike tour in the USA in September.
His friends and he started cycling in June and went a 151 the USA from the east to the west. “Our bike tour covered 4, 300 kilometers in A 152 so that we saw many amazing natural wonders,” Wang said.
However, they also met with many d 153 on their way. The hardest part was that they don’t know w 154 to spend the nights. Most of the time, they stayed in their tents on the streets. Besides, they had to c 155 all their equipment （装备）—about 25 kilograms—on their bikes. What’s worse, one of them l 156 her bike and bags during the tour. But l 157 for her, a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike. With the help of the friendly people, she f 158 the cycling trip at last.
“Though the trip was a hard time for us, we were happy and e 159 . It was a meaningful cycling tour and we all e 160 ourselves.” Wang said.
【答案】
151．(a)cross/(a)round 152．(A)merica 153．(d)ifficulties 154．(w)here 155．(c)arry 156．(l)ost 157．(l)uckily 158．(f)inished 159．(e)xcited 160．(e)njoyed
【导语】本文介绍了来自厦门的64岁男子王顺进在9月完成了他的美国自行车之旅后，又开始计划他的下一次自行车之旅，文章介绍了他的旅行经历。
151．句意：他的朋友和他在六月份开始骑自行车，从东到西环游美国。根据“the USA from the east to the west”可知，此处应该是从东到西环游（横穿）美国，across意为“穿过”，around意为“环绕”，故填(a)cross/(a)round。
152．句意：我们的自行车之旅在美国行驶了4300公里，因此我们看到了许多令人惊叹的自然奇观。由上文的the US可知，此处是指美国，故填(A)merica。
153．句意：然而，他们在路上也遇到了许多困难。根据“met with many”及“The hardest part”可知，遇见了许多困难，difficulty“困难”，many修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填(d)ifficulties。
154．句意：最难的是他们不知道在哪里过夜。由“spend the nights.”可知，此处应该是由where引导的宾语从句，指在哪里过夜，故填(w)here。
155．句意：此外，他们必须在他们的自行车上携带所有的设备，重约25公斤。根据“all their equipment —around 25 kilograms—on their bikes.”可知，此处应该是携带这些设备，carry意为“搬、运”；had to后跟动词原形，故填(c)arry。
156．句意：更糟糕的是，其中一人在旅行中丢失了自行车和包。根据“a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike”推测，上文应该是在旅行中丢失了自行车。lose意为“丢失”，此处需用过去式，故填(l)ost。
157．句意：幸运的是，一位好心的年轻人给了她一辆自行车。根据“a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike.”可知，此处应该是幸运的是一位好心人帮助了她，luckily意为“幸运的是”，故填(l)uckily。
158．句意：在友好的人们的帮助下，她完成了自行车旅行。根据“With the help of the friendly people, she…the cycling trip.”可知，此处应该是完成了此次旅行，finish意为 “完成”；此处讲述过去的事情，需用过去式，故填(f)inished。
159．句意：虽然这次旅行充满了困难，但我们很高兴，也很兴奋。根据“we were happy and….”可知，此处应该是我们既高兴又兴奋，excited意为“兴奋的”，形容词，与happy并列，故填(e)xcited。
160．句意：这是一次有意义的自行车旅行，我们都玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，根据was可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(e)njoyed。
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容和所给首字母，在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。
Welcome back home! On Sept 25, Huawei’s Chief Financial Officer MengWanzhou, 49, a 161 in Shenzhen, Guangdong, after being illegally (非法地) held for n 162 three years in Canada, Xinhua reported.
“A 163 more than 1,000 days of suffering, I finally returned to the motherland,” Meng said after she got off the plane. She described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s 164 light that led her on the long journey home.
On Dec 1, 2018, Meng was held in Canada b 165 the US charged her with fraud (欺诈). The US wanted to take her to the US for trial (审讯). Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f 166 to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.
“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying s 167 on Sept 25. Meng’s safe return s 168 that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.
“A strong China u 169 the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China will always be the strong backing of each one of us,” said Hua. She a 170 that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.
【答案】
161．(a)rrived 162．(n)early 163．(A)fter 164．(s)hiny 165．(b)ecause 166．(f)ree 167．(s)aid 168．(s)hows 169．(u)nder 170．(a)dded
【导语】本文主要讲述了华为首席财务官孟晚舟，在加拿大被非法拘留了近三年后，在中国政府的帮助下回到了国内。
161．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。arrive in“到达”，为固定短语，结合语境可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)rrived。
162．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。根据“after being illegally (非法地) held for n...three years”可知是指非法关押了接近三年，nearly“几乎”，副词，故填(n)early。
163．句意：经过1000多天的煎熬，我终于回到了祖国。根据“A...more than 1,000 days of suffering”可知是经过1000多天的煎熬，after“在……之后”。故填(A)fter。
164．句意：她把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒。根据“described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s...light that led her on the long journey home.”可知孟晚舟把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒，shiny“闪亮的”，形容词作定语，故填(s)hiny。
165．句意：2018年12月1日，孟在加拿大被拘留，因为美国指控她犯有欺诈罪。分析语境可知前后是因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
166．句意：孟对指控拒不认罪，最终于当地时间9月24日被释放离开加拿大。根据“Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f...to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.”可知是指孟晚舟被释放了，自由了，free“自由的”，形容词，故填(f)ree。
167．句意：9月25日，外交部发言人华春莹表示：“这是一起企图破坏中国高科技企业的政治案件。”根据“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies”可知这是华春莹所说的话，say“说”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)aid。
168．句意：华春莹表示，孟的安全返回表明中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。根据“Meng’s safe return s...that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.”可知孟晚舟的安全回归，这表明了中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。show“展示”，是动词，此句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(s)hows。
169．句意：华春莹说：“在中国共产党的坚强领导下，一个强大的中国永远是我们每个人的坚强后盾。”根据“A strong China u...the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China”可知是指在中国共产党的坚强领导下，under“在……之下”，是介词，故填(u)nder。
170．句意：她补充说，中国的发展不会被任何力量阻挡。根据“ She a...that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.”结合语境可知，这是华春莹的补充，add“补充”，是动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)dded。
（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词。 (每空一词)
In Lijiang, Yunnan, the Huaping Senior High School for Girls is famous n 171 only because it is the first girls’ public high school that doesn’t charge tuition fees (收学费) in our country, but also because a lot of students there enter universities (大学).
In 2001, Zhang, a teacher of a local middle school, noticed that many girls from p 172 families couldn’t go to school. Then the idea of starting a school for girls came to her m 173 . She also decided that the girls could study at her school for free. To raise money, b 174 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets a 175 people to give away money to her school. However, she only c 176 about 10,000 yuan. Later, a reporter reported her story. F 177 , she got one million yuan from the government, and the Huaping Senior High School for Girls o 178 in September 2008. In the b 179 , there were many difficulties, but Zhang didn’t give up. “I want my students to e 180 good universities,” she said.
【答案】
171．(n)ot 172．(p)oor 173．(m)ind 174．(b)etween 175．(a)sking 176．(c)ollected 177．(F)inally 178．(o)pened 179．(b)eginning 180．(e)nter
【导语】本文介绍了张老师与她的华坪女子高级中学的办学初衷和过程。
171．句意：在云南丽江，华坪女子高级中学不仅因为它是我国第一所不收学费的女子高中而出名，还因为它让很多学生考上了大学。“not only ... but also ...”结构意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的结构。根据首字母提示，则所缺单词为not。故填(n)ot。
172．句意：在2001年，一名当地姓张的中学老师注意到许多穷苦人家的女孩子都无法上学。根据句意及首字母提示可知，许多家庭因贫困支付不起孩子的学费，所以导致许多女孩没学可上，贫困的英文表达为“poor”。故填(p)oor。
173．句意：兴建一所女子学校的想法涌入脑海。“come to one’s mind”意为“涌入脑海”，mind意为“头脑，大脑”，根据首字母提示，所缺单词为mind。故填(m)ind。
174．句意：为了筹钱，在2002到2007年间，张老师利用寒暑假在路上向人们寻求善款来支援她的学校。“between ... and ...”意为“在……之间”，“between 2002 and 2007”意为“在2002年到2007年间”，根据首字母提示，可知所缺单词为between。故填(b)etween。
175．句意：为了筹钱，在2002到2007年间，张老师利用寒暑假在路上向人们寻求善款来支援她的学校。根据句意和首字母提示可知，张老师向路人寻求帮助，“ask sb. to do sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构意为“花时间做某事”，所以ask应变为asking。故填(a)sking。
176．句意：然而，她只筹集到了约一万元。根据上文可知，张老师利用寒暑假筹集募款，但是最终只收集到了一万元。根据首字母提示，所缺单词为collect，意为“收集”，又因该动作发生于过去，应使用一般过去时，collect应变为collected。故填(c)ollected。
177．句意：最终，她获得了来自政府的一百万元，华坪女子高级中学于2008年9月正式开学。根据上文可知，张老师筹集募款十分艰辛，但是被报道后，引起各方关注，最终筹集到了钱款，这是努力的结果。finally意为“最终”。故填(F)inally。
178．句意：最终，她获得了来自政府的一百万元，华坪女子高级中学于2008年9月正式开学。筹集到善款后，该学校终于开学。open意为“开张，开始”，此处表示学校开学，该动作发生于过去，应使用一般过去时，open应变为opened。故填(o)pened。
179．句意：起初困难重重，但是张老师从未放弃。根据上文可知，张老师创办学校之初困难重重，beginning意为“开始”，in the beginning意为“起初”。故填(b)eginning。
180．句意：“我想让我的学生们进入好的大学。”张老师说。根据句意及首字母提示可知，张老师希望学生们的都能上好大学，enter universities意为“上大学”，此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语，enter用原形。故填(e)nter。
（2022·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b 181 with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p 182 him from going to a mainstream school.
When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n 183 more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H 184 , he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out.
This book has t 185 my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I 186 , the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i 187 his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o 188 readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.
I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d 189 , but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c 190 back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile.
【答案】
181．(b)orn 182．(p)revented 183．(n)othing 184．(H)owever 185．(t)ouched 186．(I)nstead 187．(i)ncluding 188．(o)ffers 189．(d)ifferences 190．(c)onfidence
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，读者介绍了读《奇迹男孩》有感。
181．句意：它讲述了一个特殊的男孩奥中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题03 首字母填空（期末重难点）20篇
·模块一 首字母填空技巧
·模块二 短文首字母填空（名校期末真题）进阶练20篇
1.步骤如下：
看第一句动词的时态，确定本文的基本时态。
通读全文
做题：看前后文确定词性。注意名词单复数、动词时态、单词拼写等。
检查所填单词是否符合文意。
判断词性
（1）实词（表示完整意的词汇）
动词：动作或状态.
在主语后，考虑时态. 如： I basketball now./ I basketball yesterday.
时态辨别方法：
第一：通过标志性词，比如：yesterday----一般过去时；tomorrow----一般将来时。
第二：看连词，比如：并列连词and前后的句子时态一致。
第三：看整个文章主体时态。
在动词之后，考虑搭配，如：I like basketbal. / I want basketball.）
名词:人或物的名称。（常位于动词前后。如：I like ./ The like .）
可数名词单数
可数名词复数
不可数名词
形容词：表示人或物的特征。
位于名词之前：He is a boy.
位于系动词之后：He looks ./ The cat is .
复习系动词：
be动词
感官动词：look/smell/sound/taste/feel
保持：keep、stay、remain
变化：become、get、turn、go等
副词：
位于动词/动词短语之后：表示动作的状态或特征。
如：He runs ./ He does his homework .
位于形容词之前：修饰形容词。
如：He looks happy.
位于副词之前：修饰副词。
如：He runs quickly.
位于句首/句末：修饰整个句子。
如：，he arrived on time.
（2）虚词（功能词，没有完整的词汇意义，只表示语法意义。
冠词：在名词之前，限定所指范围。
如：He is a student.
介词：在名词性成分（名词、名词短语、动名词、代词等）之前。
如：He looks me.
注意：积累固定搭配（如：look for寻找/look after照顾 ）
连词：连接单词、短语、句子。
如：He likes English it is interesting.
He likes English he doesn’t like math.
助动词：帮助主要动词构成时态、句型等，常在主要动词之前。
如：He n’t like math.
（3）数词：表示数目（基数词）、顺序（序数词）
hundred百/thousand 千/million百万/billion十亿
表示明确的数：基数词+hundred百/thousand 千/million百万/billion十亿
如：2 hundred / 4 billion
表示不明确的数：基数词+hundreds百/thousands 千/millions百万/billions十亿 + of
如：hundreds of/ thousands of
（4）感叹词：oh、hello、yeah.
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
The art of blowing sugar is an important part of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). It has a long h 1 of more than 600 years. Xiong Chuanfa, 34 years old, has been working on blowing sugar figurines (糖人) for more than twenty years. He said it looks easy, b 2 it’s very difficult to master the skill. Do you know how to make sugar figurines Here are three steps.
First, the artist heats (加热) the syrup to a certain t 3 to 140°C． Next, he pulls (拉) off a small piece, m 4 it into a ball with an open center, then presses (按压) the open area together and stretches (拉伸) it to form a tube (管子). F 5 , he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.
Every morning, Xiong gets up early to prepare the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city. “Many people are interested in it, especially kids. When he blew a cute puppy out of molten maltose (溶化的麦芽糖) in just m 6 , kids looked carefully at him with great i 7 , thinking he was a magician (魔术师).
He hopes this special a 8 can let people feel its beauty. He also hopes to help them learn more about the Chinese c 9 . Xiong said, “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to make paper-cutting skills and modern elements (元素) together with sugar figurines.” He also said, “I will keep working and spend the r 10 of my life helping pass on this cultural heritage.”
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
There are robots (机器人) all around us. They are very helpful. Some do very d 11 work like flying a plane or driving a subway train, and some do easy work. People put the program into the robots to t 12 them what to do. So they never make m 13 . They are very important in factories because they can do the s 14 job over and over again, and they never get bored.
In our d 15 life, robots are useful, too. In the past, people hoped that robots could help them w 16 their housework. And now, it has become t 17 . There’s even a kind of robots that can look after babies w 18 at home. Usually we think a robot must look like a real person, but in f 19 , it just looks like a machine most of the time.
In the future, robots will be smarter. It’s p 20 that robots will help people do more things.
（2022上·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）短文填空，根据首字母提示写出文中所缺的单词。
Lucy and Kate both work in a supermarket. They are good f 21 and they enjoy working together. Lucy and Kate like telling jokes and w 22 programmes about music on TV. They do not like their boss, Mr Brown, because he is very strict and always shouts at them. Once, Mr Brown s 23 so loudly at Lucy that he made her cry. Lucy and Kate stop telling jokes w 24 Mr Brown is nearby.
Mr Brown likes playing tennis very much. He p 25 tennis three times a week and takes part in many tennis matches, b 26 he never won any tennis titles (赢得网球冠军). One day, Mr Brown arrived at work as u 27 and smiled at Lucy and Kate as he gave them two big boxes of chocolates each. The girls were very s 28 . At the end of the day, they found out the reason why Mr Brown was so h 29 . He won his first title in a local competition! Lucy and Kate t 30 that life will be much better working at the supermarket from then on.
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示，补全短文中所缺单词。
Maybe many of us like reading. But how many books do you read in a day Caleb Green, a little boy f 31 the USA, read 100 books in a day at the age of 4.
Caleb likes reading a lot. One day, he told his parents he d 32 to read 100 books in a day. They were very surprised b 33 that was too much for a 4-year-old child. So they a 34 him to read fewer books, but he wanted to have a try. Then they collected 100 books and live- streamed(在线直播) Caleb’s reading. Lots of people were i 35 in the boy and watched him reading. Caleb did a little dance every time he finished 10 books.
Caleb finished the reading marathon(马拉松) successfully. Everyone was h 36 for him. His father said, “After watching Caleb achieve his goal(达成目标), I’m p 37 to do the same. I will set(设定)some high goals for myself in the coming years. And then Caleb’s sisters and brothers also set high goals for t 38 . They said Caleb was their e 39 . They should learn from him.”
Everything is p 40 if you put your heart into it.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示, 在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
Many have heard of shark fin soup（鱼翅汤）. This famous and expensive d 41 is especially popular in southern China. But do you know that you’re killing a whole shark each t 42 you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup
When people c 43 sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the sea. It is l 44 cutting off your arms and legs and then leaving you bleeding（流血）to death. This is not only cruel（残忍）, but also harmful to the sea. W 45 a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain（链条）in the ocean’s ecosystem（生态系统）. If their numbers d 46 too low, it will bring huge problems to all sea life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered as they are the strongest in their food chain. But the f 47 is that around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. A r 48 says the numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Some countries, like the US and the UK, have made l 49 to stop people buying and selling shark fins.
No scientific studies show that shark fins are of value in making people healthy and strong. I 50 , scientists say they can cause health problems, so why eat them Help save the sharks!
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）A boy and his father walk in the mountains. Suddenly, the boy f 51 and cries, “Ah!” To his surprise, he hears a v 52 repeat, “Ah!”
The boy f 53 curious. He asks, “Who are you ” He gets the answer, “Who are you ” The boy is a little a 54 . He shouts, “Coward!” He hears the voice repeat, “Coward!” The boy looks at his father and a 55 , “What’s that in the mountains ” The father s 56 and says, “My son, pay attention.” And he shouts, “You are g 57 !” The voice answers, “You are great!” Again the father shouts, “You are a hero!” And the voice answers, “You are a hero!”
The boy is very s 58 . The father says to him, “People call this ‘echo’. I want you to know that life is l 59 an echo. It gives you back e 60 you say or do.”
If you want more love from other people, create more love in your heart first. If you want your team to be strong, you should try to be strong first. Life will give you back everything you have given to it.
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的英文单词，使短文通顺。
March 22 is the World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only m 61 us think about the importance of water, but also calls on us to s 62 and protect water. Water is very important in our daily life. Its true value is much more t 63 its price. As we all know, usually a man can only stay a 64 for three or four days without water.
Today, the water problems are serious, such as water pollution, water waste and water shortage. Luckily, many g 65 and organizations have already taken action to protect water. Also, many charities (慈善机构) are t 66 their best to make more people have clean water.
What can we students do to help We can s 67 the charities, take part in the World Water Day a 68 . We can also visit the UN World Water Day website to f 69 out more events near us. We should be careful with how we use water in our own lives. For example, when we b 70 our teeth, we should turn off the tap. We should also take showers for less than 10 minutes.
If all of us do something, we can make a difference.
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级盐城文港路初级中学校考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，完成短文。(每空一词)
Winter is cold in some places. Many plants stop g 71 during the winter and some plants die. Snow and ice may cover the ground. It can be d 72 for animals to find food during the winter. Animals get through this time in many ways.
Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them do not stick around for the winter. They go to a place w 73 warm weather. Then they come home in spring. Migrating (迁徙) is a good way to avoid the cold.
A 74 good way to keep away from the cold is to sleep through it. Many animals sleep during the winter. Their bodies slow down in order to save their energy. They n 75 eat anything. They get energy from their fat. They do so till their f 76 comes back. We call this hibernation (冬眠).
Some animals keep food in their homes. They do not sleep all winter, but they do much less. They live on w 77 they save in summer and fall. Other animals do not leave or hide. They may try to live during such cold days. Sometimes nature h 78 them out. Some animals grow thicker coats in winter. Other animals change c 79 . The article fox is brown in summer but his coat turns white in winter.
Winter may be pleasant. It is nice to see snow on the tree. But it is dangerous too. People also face such a p 80 . How do you beat the winter Do you wear a thick coat Do you stay inside Or do you live somewhere warm
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
April 2nd, Sunday Fine
Wang Qiang and I went f 81 in the river near our village this morning. We stayed at the bank of it almost the whole day, b 82 we got nothing. The water in it was very d 83 . Maybe fish can’t live there.
A few years ago, the w 84 here was clean and people could see lots of fish in it. C 85 often swam in it in summer. But after many factories moved here, they gave off many poisonous things i 86 the river. They m 87 the river very dirty. The flowers, the grass and many other living things near the river died. It even made some people sick. The balance (平衡) of n 88 near the river was broken.
We both feel s 89 . We should do s 90 for our river.
Loving the nature is loving ourselves!
（2022上·江苏淮安·八年级统考期末）Soon the real noise name, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to s 91 . People screamed in fear. Some ran out of the building. I tried my beat to run out too, but I could not. Outside, people were running in all d 92 while pieces of glasses and bricks were falling down. Then the walls began to come down too!
Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and s 93 around me. I could not see anything at all, and I did not know i 94 anyone else was near me. I felt n 95 and my heart was b 96 fast “I’m trapped, I said to myself. A moment of fear went through my m 97 , but I told myself to calm down since I was still a 98 .
I s 99 for help, but no one came. I started to pull myself slowly through the d 100 . Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.
（2022上·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
In the Tang dynasty, there lived a man called Meng Jiao. He was born in a poor family. Meng loved poems. He spent time studying them. He gave all of his life to the art. His hard work showed. It helped him become an e 101 poet.
Meng made a living by w 102 poems, but it was not really a paying job at that time. Meng was poor most of his life. When he got older, he wanted to change this. He needed to make more m 103 , so he decided to take Keju exams.
The Keju was China’s official test system(系统) at that time. A 104 could take the exams. The Keju gave everyone a chance and it was highly p 105 for them to become officers after passing the exams.
Meng p 106 very hard for the tests. He took them a few times. Each time, he failed. But he n 107 gave up. He studied harder and harder. At the age of 46, Meng f 108 made it.
Meng put on his new clothes and rode on a horse through Chang’an city. D 109 his ride, Meng wrote a poem. “On the crest(顶峰) of success, with my horse trotting(疾走) in the breeze(和风), I viewed all the flowers in Chang’an in one day.” Meng d 110 his feelings of excitement. On that day, he was able to let go of the disappointments of the past.
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）
The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 111 in Chinese culture.
The chrysanthemum is known as one of the “F 112 Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the plum blossom, the orchid, and bamboo. In the past, they s 113 for noble(高尚的) qualities.
The chrysanthemum comes out in bright colours during cold autumn days, w 114 most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired ancient Chinese poets. They praised its beauty and a 115 used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) themselves in their works.
Tao Yuanming was a f 116 poet. He once wrote a poem about living as a hermit (隐士). He d 117 how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his spirit in the poem.
“I pluck chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山),” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the symbol of the hermit. But chrysanthemums are not only found in Chinese poems. They are also p 118 of Chinese food.
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month on the lunar calendar (阴历). On that day, d 119 wine (酒) made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It tastes great. People believe it is good for one’s h 120 .
In a word, the chrysanthemum has brought great influence to people’s life.
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）（二）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
The official mascot（吉祥物）for the FIFA World Cup in Qatar 2022 is La’eeb—a figure whose name m 121 “super-skilled player” in Arabic. It is liked by young and old football fans from all over the world. Chinese fans call it “wonton wrapper”（馄饨皮）because it l 122 like the dumpling-like food.
With heavy eyebrows and big eyes, La‘eeb is i 123 the shape of the traditional headdress in Qatar. La’eeb can play football very well. He is fun, playful and curious. He encourages people to believe in t 124 as “Now is All”. The World Cup is a football festival of different c 125 around the world. And it celebrates people’s love for f 126 . During the Game, La’eeb is busy—welcoming the world, inspiring young fans and cheering the action. As a wonderful football player, he b 127 the joy of football to everyone.
The Qatar World Cup was held from November 21 to December 18 in 2022. It is the f 128 World Cup held in the Middle East and the Arab world. And it was held in winter because the t 129 in this Arabian country is very high during the summer. It was a successful event. La’eeb is very e 130 to be the mascot. He spreads joy, confidence and his youthful spirit everywhere he goes.
（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
When the doctor arrived later that morning, he was very surprised. Colin was sitting on the sofa looking at one of his books. He was talking to Mary.
“So, you were i 131 last night, Colin.” he said.
“I’m better now, much better.” Colin answered in his young Rajah voice. “I’m going out in my wheelchair soon if it is f 132 , I want some fresh air.”
The doctor l 133 without saying anything else. That night Colin slept well. He d 134 about the garden again, and Dickon and his animals.
Early the next morning Mary ran into his room.
“Dickon and his animals are here, sir.” Mary said Just then Martha opened the door. Colin stared as Dickon gave him the new born lamb. Colin looked very e 135 . Then Colin and Mary asked Dickon questions about the names of flowers, he k 136 exactly which one were already growing in the secret garden.
“I’m going to s 137 them.” cried Colin. “I can’t believe it!”
The next day Colin sat in the wheelchair and Dickon p 138 slowly and carefully to the garden.
Mary walked next to it. They went a 139 the lawn to the long path near the wall.
“This is where 1 walked up and down looking for the door!” whispered Mary. Then Mary whispered again: “The robin f 140 over the wall here and there.” She said, pointing under a big bush in the flower bed. “Is where I found the key”.
Then Dickon stopped pushing the chair.
“And look!” Mary moved the ivy branch. “Here is the door.”
—Taken from The Secret Garden
（2022上·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）When I used to think of inventors, I pictured old men with grey beards. I pictured white lab coats and smoky beakers. I was s 141 to learn that young people have created many world-changing inventions(发明).
Like 15-year-old Albert Sadacca, who invented Christmas tree lights in 1917, people were hanging candles from a Christmas tree at that time. It might be easy to c 142 fire. Sadacca’s parents sold electric lighting in their shop. Young Albert thought to use these lights on Christmas trees. This turned out to be a pretty bright i 143 .
A 144 cool kid, the 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating one day in 1873. Naturally, as tends to happen during winter play, his ears got cold. Chester had a c 145 idea. He asked his grandma to sew some fur tufts to a wire loop(线圈) that he had fashioned. His design worked well! He invented earmuffs(耳罩). Greenwood’s one good idea p 146 jobs for people in the Farmington area.
Speaking of cool kids, Margaret E. Knight b 147 a small-town hero. She made her first life-saving device at the age of 12. Her brothers were working at a cloth factory. One day she was visiting them. A loom(织布机) broke down and injured a worker. She thought she could make the machines safer. She invented an effective(高效的) system. Her method(方法) was later used in many factories. She saved a lot of l 148 .
Some young people feel powerless. They feel like they are living in an adult world, created by adults for adults. But the t 149 is that everyone has the power to change the world. A 12-year-old girl growing up in 1868 made factories safer. A 15-year-old boy, blind in b 150 eyes, made written communication more accessible. Who knows what’s in store for your future
（2022上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）根据首字母提示，补全短文中所缺单词。
Wang Shunjin, a 64-year-old man from Xiamen, has begun planning his next cycling trip after taking a 94-day bike tour in the USA in September.
His friends and he started cycling in June and went a 151 the USA from the east to the west. “Our bike tour covered 4, 300 kilometers in A 152 so that we saw many amazing natural wonders,” Wang said.
However, they also met with many d 153 on their way. The hardest part was that they don’t know w 154 to spend the nights. Most of the time, they stayed in their tents on the streets. Besides, they had to c 155 all their equipment （装备）—about 25 kilograms—on their bikes. What’s worse, one of them l 156 her bike and bags during the tour. But l 157 for her, a kind-hearted young man gave her a bike. With the help of the friendly people, she f 158 the cycling trip at last.
“Though the trip was a hard time for us, we were happy and e 159 . It was a meaningful cycling tour and we all e 160 ourselves.” Wang said.
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容和所给首字母，在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。
Welcome back home! On Sept 25, Huawei’s Chief Financial Officer MengWanzhou, 49, a 161 in Shenzhen, Guangdong, after being illegally (非法地) held for n 162 three years in Canada, Xinhua reported.
“A 163 more than 1,000 days of suffering, I finally returned to the motherland,” Meng said after she got off the plane. She described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s 164 light that led her on the long journey home.
On Dec 1, 2018, Meng was held in Canada b 165 the US charged her with fraud (欺诈). The US wanted to take her to the US for trial (审讯). Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f 166 to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.
“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying s 167 on Sept 25. Meng’s safe return s 168 that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.
“A strong China u 169 the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China will always be the strong backing of each one of us,” said Hua. She a 170 that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.
（2022上·江苏扬州·八年级校联考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词。 (每空一词)
In Lijiang, Yunnan, the Huaping Senior High School for Girls is famous n 171 only because it is the first girls’ public high school that doesn’t charge tuition fees (收学费) in our country, but also because a lot of students there enter universities (大学).
In 2001, Zhang, a teacher of a local middle school, noticed that many girls from p 172 families couldn’t go to school. Then the idea of starting a school for girls came to her m 173 . She also decided that the girls could study at her school for free. To raise money, b 174 2002 and 2007, Zhang spent the summer and winter vacations on the streets a 175 people to give away money to her school. However, she only c 176 about 10,000 yuan. Later, a reporter reported her story. F 177 , she got one million yuan from the government, and the Huaping Senior High School for Girls o 178 in September 2008. In the b 179 , there were many difficulties, but Zhang didn’t give up. “I want my students to e 180 good universities,” she said.
（2022·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b 181 with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p 182 him from going to a mainstream school.
When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n 183 more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H 184 , he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out.
This book has t 185 my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I 186 , the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i 187 his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o 188 readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.
I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d 189 , but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c 190 back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile.
（2022上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
What season is it in October If you a 191 people from the UK, they will tell you it’s “autumn”. But if you go to the US, you will find that people use b 192 “autumn” and “fall”. Why does this season have two names in English
According to Dictionary.com, these two words have been around for a long time, but neither of them was the f 193 to describe this season. D 194 this season, crops (庄稼) would become ripe (成熟) and farmers would have a big harvest (丰收). So in Old English, this season was simply called “harvest”.
Then, in the 1600s, more people left their farms and moved to cities. With f 195 people farming, the word “harvest” became less useful. English speaker needed a d 196 name for the season. They knew l 197 fell from trees during the season, so people started calling it “the fall of the leaf”, or “fall” for short.
But near the e 198 of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word “autompne” and the Latin “autumnus”, came to England. It gradually replaced (替代) “fall” as the word for this season.
At the s 199 time, British people were making their first trips to North America. They brought the two words “fall” and “autumn” with them. That’s w 200 today’s American have two names for one season.
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