中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06 首字母填空技巧及进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇（详解版）
·模块一 首字母填空技巧
·模块二 首字母填空（最新名校期末）进阶练20篇
Ⅰ. 专题知识梳理
首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识，还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和连词、代词、介词这几大词类。
能力考察
词汇量与具体运用能力（基础）
句子结构分析能力（确定词性和词形）
语义、语境分析能力（确定词义）
逻辑推断能力（确定词义）
前后文关键信息提取能力（更为准确确定词义）
解题思路
词性的判断（句法结构、词性的句法功能）
词义的判断（句意理解）
脑海中搜索符合相关条件的考纲词汇
复查（名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词副词形式级别、固定搭配与文意等）
Ⅱ. 专题精讲
Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
【案例分析1】
A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare time. Here they report the r 81 of the survey. It’s not at all surprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities.
P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.
Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of those surveyed said that music was their favourite activity. This i 83 both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine.
Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v 84 collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
V 85 friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day. Surprisingly, teenagers s 87 went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.
前后文呼应、理解
(1) P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.
（2）They had v 84 collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
(3)V____85______ friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week.
Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone.
句间关系（递进、转折、因果、让步等）
(1) Surprisingly, teenagers s 87 went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.
【案例分析2】华二开学摸底卷
It’s a great but difficult project to set up a permanent human settlement on Mars. Over 200,000 volunteers from more than 120 countries have applied to take a one-way trip to Mars.
The project, run by a Dutch company named Mars One, aims to send a group of volunteers to Mars, and because of the physiological(生理上的) change in the human body after a stay on Mars, there’d be no chance of c 81 back. So it’s only a one-way trip ! However, that hasn’t stop volunteers becoming one of Mars’ first citizens. “This is turning out to be the most welcome job in history.” Says Bas Lansdorp, co-founder of Mars One.
Day-to-day life on Mars will be not easy. The daily work will i 82 building greenhouses or doing some research---all in a lonely environment.
Mars is not f 83 to life. Its atmosphere is so thin that it won’t project you from harmful radiation(辐射) from the sun. You can’t breathe the air and it is very cold on Mars, with an average temperature of around -50℃.There is no running water on the surface of Mars. The water is frozen or hidden u 84 .
But Mars One says the project is not looking for volunteers with some skill, such as a science degree.
I 85 , they are looking for people who have “a deep sense of purpose and responsibility”. As the first group of people living on Mars, volunteers should be “willing to building and keep a healthy r 86 with the Earth”. They also want volunteers who are “curious, creative, and good at finding ways of dealing with all kinds of problems”.
The volunteer will receive at least eight years’ training b 87 they leave Earth, the company says. The first group of 24 volunteers is set to fly to Mars in 2004.
【解析】
前后文呼应、理解
(1) there’d be no chance of c 81 back. So it’s only a one-way trip !
The daily work will i 82 building greenhouses or doing some research---all in a lonely environment.
(3) Mars is not f 83 to life. Its atmosphere is so thin that it won’t project you from harmful radiation(辐射) from the sun.
There is no running water on the surface of Mars. The water is frozen or hidden u 84 .
(5)The volunteer will receive at least eight years’ training b 87 they leave Earth.
句间关系（递进、转折、因果、让步等）
(1) But Mars One says the project is not looking for volunteers with some skill, such as a science degree.
I 85 , they are looking for people who have “a deep sense of purpose and responsibility”.
Ⅲ. 学法提炼
知识收获
首字母考查词性
解题思路、方法
重在句意理解、上下文分析
注意事项
二、方法总结
1. 通读全文, 通读是为了知道这篇文章讲什么，了解大意后才能做题。首填选篇第一句一般不设空，并且一般会给出主题，所以一定要细读首句。跳过空格与生词，要快速阅读。
2. 词性判定，逻辑关系,逻辑关系是全文的脉络，也是理解文章最重要和最容易成为障碍的地方。阅读时养成随手圈划逻辑关系词的习惯，是提高理解文章能力的很好方法
3. 联系上下文,有不少提示答案的关键信息，就出现在前后句甚至同句中。
4. 固定搭配、常识理解
5. 复查：
名词检查单复数
动词检查时态、语态、主谓一致等
形容词、副词检查形式、级别
连词检查逻辑关系
代词检查人称、数、格
介词检查句意、固定搭配和习惯用法
三、技巧提炼
通读全文，了解大意
2. 判断空格填何种词性，是名词，是动词，是形容词，还是副词等。
3. 根据上下文、句意填出适当的词；判断词的形式。
（名词的单复数，动词的形式、时态语态，形容词、副词的形式、级别等）
4. 复读全文，全面检查：根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌
一、短文首字母填空
（2022上·上海金山·七年级校联考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
A countryman (乡下人) was visiting a big city for the first time. When he went i 1 a high building, he saw a fat o 2 woman walk into a small room. It was a lift, b 3 the countryman didn’t know. The door c 4 , lights flashed (闪亮), and after a while the door o 5 , and a beautiful young lady came out.
The countryman was v 6 surprised (惊讶) . He said slowly, “I should b 7 my old fat wife here!”
（2022上·上海嘉定·七年级统考期末）Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，首字母已给)
Some people collect all kinds of paintings, drawings and photographs. Others collect goods such as balls, cards and clothes from their favorite shops. It seems e 8 to start a collection, but how do you become a smart collector Here are several rules for you to follow.
● E 9 things you collect
Collect things that you are interested in. Collect things that you want to keep for a long time. Don’t waste your money and time on something you don’t r 10 like. Think twice before you start a collection.
● Learn to become an expert (专家)
Read a lot of books about the things you collect as well as visit many m 11 . Go to different markets and talk to antique (古董) experts there. Feel free to ask them a lot of questions. Don’t worry! Experts love to talk and share.
● Collect rare (稀有的) things
Rare things are more valuable than common (常见) ones. I 12 the things you collect are rare today, they will be more valuable in the future.
Everyone can be a smart collector. Why not start your collection in a wise way
（2022上·上海宝山·七年级校联考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many b 13 stamps are published(发行）to mark the great games. The f 14 stamps came out to January 25, 1932 for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps becoming a rule.
During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany.
The F 15 Rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear for the first time.
China published four stamps in 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to t 16 part in the games. Japan is the only Asian c 17 that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to collect money for this sport meeting.
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can e 18 the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.
（2022上·上海浦东新·七年级上海市实验学校校考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Every day some people are killed while they are crossing the roads. Most of these people are old people and children. Old people are often killed because they can’t see or h 19 well. Children are killed because they aren’t c 20 . They forget to look and listen before they cross the roads.
A car can’t stop quickly. If a car is going very fast, it will travel many metres before it s 21 . Some people don’t u 22 this. They think a car can stop in a few metres. It’s difficult to know how fast a car is moving. The only way to cross the roads safely is to look b 23 ways, right and left. Then if the roads are empty, you can cross the roads.
（2022上·上海普陀·七年级校联考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
For most people, birthday is very important. Young people u 24 like to have parties on their birthdays. They invite their f 25 to their house. And their parents may make a big dinner. Everyone brings a p 26 . They often have a big b 27 cake with the word “Happy Birthday” on it. There are candles on it, too. One candle is f 28 one year. After the birthday person makes a wish and blow out the candles, they can e 29 the nice cake.
（2022上·上海·七年级上海市西延安中学校考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. （阅读短文, 在空格内填入适当的词, 每空格限填一词。）
Good n 30 for science-fiction fans! A Bilibili animation series （动画剧集） based on . The Three-Body Problem （三体） which is p 31 among the young people will come out on Dec 3rd.
The writer Liu Cixin said he was excited about it. “Animation, like science fiction, is the art of imagination （想象力）. I b 32 in the world of animation, a science-fiction story like The Three-Body Problem can really come alive （成真）, ” he told Bilibili.
This animation is special because it mainly tells the stories in the second book of The Three-Body Problem trilogy （三部曲）. At the s 33 time, it uses the background （背景） of the first book in the series too.
As the 1905 website noted, the second book has the most e 34 stories and the most complicated settings （复杂设定）. It will be h 35 to show them in a live﹣action （真人的） series. But the animation uses simple drawing styles and many grand scenes（场景）to show them. We’ll see some s 36 , the aliens（外星人）fly and many space elevators. We’ll also meet the Wallfacers （面壁者） in the animation series.
（2023上·上海徐汇·七年级位育中学校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work or when your best friend does not wait for you after school If you do, you need to take control of your feelings. Getting angry with others can cause you to 1 37 friends.
Cary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written a book named My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animal to help you control your feelings. The book tells how to stay cool when bad things happen.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems more serious. It can never make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act, “ the book says. “It is just a h 38 , like smoking.”
The book says you can control you feelings e 39 — all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry.
The book gives many tips to help you if you get angry frequently. Here are the top three:
*Keep a r 40 . Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry so often.
*Ask your friends to s 41 talking to you when you get angry. Leave you alone. This will teach you not to be angry.
*Do something d 42 . When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh.
（2023上·上海长宁·七年级校考校考）Read the passage below and fill in the blanks with proper words. (根据文章内容填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Bill Gates is the richest person in the world. He’s not only a very f 43 computer scientist, but also a very successful businessman.
Bill's father was a lawyer and his mother was a teacher. From his p 44 , he learnt a lot. He learnt from his father the m 45 of the famous saying “No pains, no gains”. He also learnt from his mother that a person must know how to make the best of time by making schedules (时间表).
When Bill was young, he s 46 a lot of time reading books. His favourite was The World Book Encyclopedia I (百科全书). He also did lots of s 47 such as tennis, swimming and water-skiing. He loved to be the winner and hated to lose. And he became more and more interested in computers. When he was still a college student, he developed the world’s first computer language for personal computers and created software. Then he realized that every family was going to have a c 48 one day, and every computer would need his software. So he s 49 his Microsoft Company without finishing his lessons in college. He said, “I'm making my first million dollars on software by the time I’m twenty-five.” And he did!
（2023上·上海浦东新·七年级校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
There is an English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” U 50 recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter can r 51 improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has s 52 effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper; it also w 53 several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to r 54 the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programs. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of c 55 in the brain which diminishes (减少) both stress and pain.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by e 56 them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
（2023上·上海闵行·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格上填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每个空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Hi, everyone! My name is Hamilton. I love animals and have wanted a pet since I was a little kid. However, I can’t have pets because two of my family members don’t feel well when they touch animal hair. L 57 , my job helps make my dream come true—I’m a pet taxi driver!
One day about two years ago, I was at a friend’s home. We were talking when his pet dog s 58 started vomiting（呕吐）. It also had a fever. My friend tried to get a taxi to take the dog to the vet. He made three calls, but none of the drivers a 59 to drive a dog to the clinic.
That experience gave me the i 60 to start helping animals myself. I began offering “Taxi Dog” service（服务）. My p 61 are animals like dogs, cats, birds and more.
I make three to four t 62 a day. Pet owners usually ask me to take them and their pets to vet clinics. When I return the pets to their home safely, I know the animals are healthy. This is the most wonderful part of my job. Of course, I also take them to pet homes, shopping centers, beaches and many other places. Now, I make new friends every day. I’m more than h 63 to help these animal friends!
（2023上·上海奉贤·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给
There are many cities in most countries. But every country has one special city—the capital. For example, China’s capital city is Beijing.
The capital city is very important. It is home to a country’s central government (中央政府).
Leaders of a country w 64 and live there. It is often the centre of a country’s economy (经济) and culture too.
The capital city is very special, so countries do not often change it. But Indonesia is going to b 65 a new capital on the island of Borneo. Jakarta, the capital is sinking into the sea now. The city has taken out too much groundwater.
People cannot change the capital city easily in a few m 66 . It will take around 10 years and cost about $32 billion.
There are some interesting things to know about capital cities around the world.
◎ Capitals are usually large cities, but not a 67 the largest city in a country. For example, Canberra is the capital of Australia, but the largest city in Australia is Sydney.
◎ Some countries have more than o 68 capital. For example, South Africa has three and Bolivia has two.
◎ Some s 69 countries take the whole country itself as the capital, such as Singapore in Asia. It just has an area of 719 square kilometers, while Beijing is 16410 square kilometers.
（2022上·上海静安·七年级统考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Animals, Not Cars!
Do you know why people use animals a lot Walking is too slow and difficult s 70 people all over the world use animals for transportation. Let’s look at some of these animals today.
First, the horse is a common animal for riding. People ride horses in most parts of the world. They move very fast. Horses are easy to train (训练). They’re also f 71 to ride. Some people even ride horses a 72 water!
Elephant riding is popular in Thailand. They are slow but they can c 73 many people. You need to climb up high to get on an elephant’s back. Its back is also safe and cool. But be careful.
Last, people ride camels in northern Africa and Asia. Camels only need a little water. They can walk for a long time in the hot desert. They can also run very fast. It is not h 74 to get on a camel.
We ride each animal differently. But these animals have one thing in common: they make travelling e 75 and faster.
（2022上·上海杨浦·七年级统考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
In Brooklyn, New York, a little girl, Diana, always played with some boys. “Diana!” her father called. “Play with the girls! You’re a girl, not a boy!”
Diana’s father sounded a little a 76 . But Diana knew that her father was proud of her because she was strong and good at sports.
Diana g 77 up and stopped having sports with the boys. She got married and m 78 to California.
When Diana was 48 years old, she went to a gym. She exercised and lifted weights. She really enjoyed it. At first Diana went to the gym o 79 three times a week. Then she started going every day. She got stronger and stronger. Her muscles got bigger and bigger. She has won over 24 awards（奖）for bodybuilding (健美).
Diana is proud of her awards. But she doesn’t exercise and lift weights only to win awards. Diana’s father said, “Good health is very important. If you don’t have good health, you have n 80 .”
Diana says, “Good food is very important, too. I don’t eat butter, oil or a lot of sweets. I eat e 81 vegetables, fruit, yogurt, and rice. I also get plenty of sleep and fresh air.”
Bodybuilding and eating good food keep Diana healthy and young-looking.
（2022上·上海黄浦·七年级上海市民办立达中学校考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Text messaging, or simply “texting”, allows people to send and r 82 messages on mobile phones. The advantages of texting are obvious. Texting helps to save money. If you have a few words to greet your families and friends on their birthdays or on some important festivals, sending messages can be c 83 than phone calling.
Texting helps to save time. Even if you want to send a message to 100 people, you can do it in one s 84 . Texting helps you to “talk” to someone when he is too busy to answer the phone. Texting can also help you to “talk” to someone in silence if you don’t want o 85 to hear what you are talking on the phone. These advantages are so amazing that many people are c 86 about it. They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, sending dozens of messages each day.
However, texting has its disadvantages. Junk messages may come into your mobile phone box now and then.
What’s more, if you don’t do texting properly, for example, texting w 87 driving or walking, it can be dangerous. It can cause injuries and even d 88 .
Texting is a wonderful way of communication. Only when we use it properly, can we fully enjoy the fun it brings.
（2022上·上海奉贤·七年级校联考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Learning a new language is difficult. Do you want to be a better learner Here is some a 89 :
Listen to the teacher c 90 in class. Listen to what the teacher says, and then write them down. But you don’t need to write down everything the teacher says. Try to remember as many facts and ideas as you can. Underline(在……下面画线) important facts or main ideas.
Work h 91 in class. You should speak out a lot. And answer the questions as many as possible.
Do your homework carefully. Exercises are very i 92 to you. They can help you go over the knowledge you learned. Read over the notes you wrote in class. If there is anything you don’t u 93 , ask the teacher at the next class.
Practise more. For example, keep a diary or write stories.
（2022上·上海·七年级上海市建平中学西校校考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
26-year-old Anna from Australia is a full-time sofa tester. She spends 10 hours every day trying out new sofas for their comfort and s 94 .
In F 95 , Australian furniture company told the public that it was going to hire a full-time sofa tester. In just a few days, it r 96 more than 5000 job applications from people who were eager to spend most of their time sitting and l 97 on sofas. In the end, Anna stood out from the rest and got the job.
Although Anna describe h 98 as an active person, spending about 10 hours a day sitting on sofas doesn’t s 99 bad to her at all. She believes that the more time she spends on them, the b 100 it will be for her work.
Now the young woman receives a monthly salary of 5000 dollars. Of course, that is a lot of money for just sitting on sofas.
（2023上·上海静安·七年级上海市回民中学校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak, and when you start using them a 101 , they’ll slowly become strong. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (记忆力) works in the same w 102 .
When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it e 103 chance to become strong.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed (被责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t r 104 or write but usually they have better memories This is because they cannot read or write and when they have to remember things, they cannot write them down in a small notebook. As a result, they have to remember days, names, songs and stories, so their memory is being exercised the whole t 105 .
So if you w 106 to have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering things in a way as other people do.
（2023上·上海宝山·七年级校考校考）在短文的空格上填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每个空格限填一词，首字母已给。
George and his wife Marge go to the State Fair every year. Every year George would say, “Marge, I’d like to ride in that plane.” And every year Marge would say, “I know, George, but that plane ride costs ten dollars, and ten dollars is ten dollars.”
This year George and Marge go to the State Fair a 107 , and George says, “Marge, I’m 71 years old. If I don’t ride that plane this year, I may never get a 108 chance.”
Marge answers, “George, that plane ride costs ten dollars, and ten dollars is ten dollars.”
The pilot(飞行员) is bored of h 109 the argument once a year, and he says, “I’ll give you a chance. I’ll take you both up for a ride. If you can stay q 110 for the whole ride and not say one word, I won’t ask you to pay for it, but if you say one word, it’s ten dollars.”
George and Marge a 111 and up they go. The pilot does all kinds of twists and turns, roils and dives, but not a word is heard. He does all this over again, but still not a word. They land and the pilot turns to George, “I did everything I could think of to get you to call out, but you didn’t.”
George replies, “Well, I was r 112 to say something when Marge fell out of the plane, but ten dollars is ten dollars.”
（2023上·上海松江·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Hi, everyone! My name is Benson. As you can see in the photo, I’m a fashion star (时尚明星).
Five years ago, Vivian and Rick r 113 me from the street. After I arrived at my new home, I soon fell in love with my humans and their tuna (金枪鱼).
One day, Rick pointed his camera at me. I stopped moving and sat q 114 to let him take my picture. I am a smart and patient cat, by the way. After a while, Vivian bought me some nice c 115 and then even some hats. I like to wear glasses, but I hate shoes very much. It kills me to have a 116 kind of shoes or socks put on my feet!
Now I have all kinds of clothes for each s 117 . When it’s a cold winter day, Vivian often dresses me in a coat with a cute hat. In h 118 weather, you can see me in a beach shirt with a pair of cool sunglasses. I enjoy taking pictures in these interesting clothes. Do you like them too
（2022上·上海闵行·七年级统考期末）Fill in the blanks with proper words.
Every community has people who help others. These people are called community helpers. There are many different kinds jobs that helpers have.
Firefighters help if there is a fire. They use fire trucks. Each truck has a big ladder, which helps firefighters r 119 peolpe in high places.
Firefighters must wear heavy clothes to keep the fire f 120 burning them. They also wear helmet on their heads. That is in case things fall on them. Their job is to put out fires and save people.
Police are helpers too. They drive cars with red and blue flashing lights. Police cars make loud n 121 . The lights and noise tell people they are on the way. Police help in many ways. When you call for help in an emergency, the police will a 122 come.
What’s more, ambuance drivers are important. They take people to the hospital i 123 they are hurt, so they can see a doctor.
All of these workers are e 124 of community helpers. There are many other people in your community who help too.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06 首字母填空技巧及进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇（详解版）
·模块一 首字母填空技巧
·模块二 首字母填空（最新名校期末）进阶练20篇
Ⅰ. 专题知识梳理
首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。它不仅考查学生在词汇、语法等方面的基础知识，还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和连词、代词、介词这几大词类。
能力考察
词汇量与具体运用能力（基础）
句子结构分析能力（确定词性和词形）
语义、语境分析能力（确定词义）
逻辑推断能力（确定词义）
前后文关键信息提取能力（更为准确确定词义）
解题思路
词性的判断（句法结构、词性的句法功能）
词义的判断（句意理解）
脑海中搜索符合相关条件的考纲词汇
复查（名词单复数、动词时态三单、形容词副词形式级别、固定搭配与文意等）
Ⅱ. 专题精讲
Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
【案例分析1】
A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare time. Here they report the r 81 of the survey. It’s not at all surprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities.
P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.
Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of those surveyed said that music was their favourite activity. This i 83 both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine.
Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v 84 collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
V 85 friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day. Surprisingly, teenagers s 87 went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.
Keys: 81. result(s) 82. Physical 83. included 84. various 85. Visiting 86. Another 87. seldom
名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词
1 2 2 1 1
【解析】
前后文呼应、理解
(1) P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.
【答案】 Physical
【精讲】本空首先判定为副词，接着根据后文提及的Favourite sports可知
（2）They had v 84 collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
【答案】various
【精讲】本空首先初步判定为形容词，虽也有可能填动词分词形式，形容词概率大些，再根据后文的from.......to.....可知
(3)V____85______ friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week.
【答案】visiting
【精讲】根据后文的met friends知道填拜访访问朋友，注意动词放开头做主语要用动名词形式
Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone.
【答案】Another
【精讲】首先本空判定为形容词或者具有形容词性的代词，再根据前文的through the Internet 以及后文的the telephone知表示另外一种方式。
句间关系（递进、转折、因果、让步等）
(1) Surprisingly, teenagers s 87 went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.
【答案】seldom
【精讲】根据surprisingly以及only，前后句成递进关系，进一步解释说明青少年很少去跳舞。
【案例分析2】华二开学摸底卷
It’s a great but difficult project to set up a permanent human settlement on Mars. Over 200,000 volunteers from more than 120 countries have applied to take a one-way trip to Mars.
The project, run by a Dutch company named Mars One, aims to send a group of volunteers to Mars, and because of the physiological(生理上的) change in the human body after a stay on Mars, there’d be no chance of c 81 back. So it’s only a one-way trip ! However, that hasn’t stop volunteers becoming one of Mars’ first citizens. “This is turning out to be the most welcome job in history.” Says Bas Lansdorp, co-founder of Mars One.
Day-to-day life on Mars will be not easy. The daily work will i 82 building greenhouses or doing some research---all in a lonely environment.
Mars is not f 83 to life. Its atmosphere is so thin that it won’t project you from harmful radiation(辐射) from the sun. You can’t breathe the air and it is very cold on Mars, with an average temperature of around -50℃.There is no running water on the surface of Mars. The water is frozen or hidden u 84 .
But Mars One says the project is not looking for volunteers with some skill, such as a science degree.
I 85 , they are looking for people who have “a deep sense of purpose and responsibility”. As the first group of people living on Mars, volunteers should be “willing to building and keep a healthy r 86 with the Earth”. They also want volunteers who are “curious, creative, and good at finding ways of dealing with all kinds of problems”.
The volunteer will receive at least eight years’ training b 87 they leave Earth, the company says. The first group of 24 volunteers is set to fly to Mars in 2004.
Keys:
81.coming 82.include/involve 83.friendly 84.underground 85. Instead 86.relationship 87.before
名词 动词 形容词 副词 连词
2 2 1 1 1
【解析】
前后文呼应、理解
(1) there’d be no chance of c 81 back. So it’s only a one-way trip !
【答案】coming
【精讲】判定此空的词性为动词，且前面是of所以填动词的ing形式，根据后文的a one-way trip可知
The daily work will i 82 building greenhouses or doing some research---all in a lonely environment.
【答案】involve/include
【精讲】判定空格为及物动词的原形，，再根据后文的building greenhouses or doing some research
(3) Mars is not f 83 to life. Its atmosphere is so thin that it won’t project you from harmful radiation(辐射) from the sun.
【答案】friendly
【精讲】判定空格词性为形容词，再根据后文所提及的 Its atmosphere is so thin that it won’t project you......知道火星不适合人类
There is no running water on the surface of Mars. The water is frozen or hidden u 84 .
【答案】underground
【精讲】根据前文的no running water on the surface 可知表示地底下
(5)The volunteer will receive at least eight years’ training b 87 they leave Earth.
【答案】before
【精讲】首先判定本空词性为连词，根据意思知道是在离开地球之前接受培训的。
句间关系（递进、转折、因果、让步等）
(1) But Mars One says the project is not looking for volunteers with some skill, such as a science degree.
I 85 , they are looking for people who have “a deep sense of purpose and responsibility”.
【答案】Instead
【精讲】判定空格为副词，再根据前面的转折but以及 is not looking for ........are looking for.
Ⅲ. 学法提炼
知识收获
首字母考查词性
解题思路、方法
重在句意理解、上下文分析
注意事项
二、方法总结
1. 通读全文, 通读是为了知道这篇文章讲什么，了解大意后才能做题。首填选篇第一句一般不设空，并且一般会给出主题，所以一定要细读首句。跳过空格与生词，要快速阅读。
2. 词性判定，逻辑关系,逻辑关系是全文的脉络，也是理解文章最重要和最容易成为障碍的地方。阅读时养成随手圈划逻辑关系词的习惯，是提高理解文章能力的很好方法
3. 联系上下文,有不少提示答案的关键信息，就出现在前后句甚至同句中。
4. 固定搭配、常识理解
5. 复查：
名词检查单复数
动词检查时态、语态、主谓一致等
形容词、副词检查形式、级别
连词检查逻辑关系
代词检查人称、数、格
介词检查句意、固定搭配和习惯用法
三、技巧提炼
通读全文，了解大意
2. 判断空格填何种词性，是名词，是动词，是形容词，还是副词等。
3. 根据上下文、句意填出适当的词；判断词的形式。
（名词的单复数，动词的形式、时态语态，形容词、副词的形式、级别等）
4. 复读全文，全面检查：根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌
一、短文首字母填空
（2022上·上海金山·七年级校联考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
A countryman (乡下人) was visiting a big city for the first time. When he went i 1 a high building, he saw a fat o 2 woman walk into a small room. It was a lift, b 3 the countryman didn’t know. The door c 4 , lights flashed (闪亮), and after a while the door o 5 , and a beautiful young lady came out.
The countryman was v 6 surprised (惊讶) . He said slowly, “I should b 7 my old fat wife here!”
【答案】1．(i)nto/(i)nside 2．(o)ld 3．(b)ut 4．(c)losed 5．(o)pened 6．(v)ery 7．(b)ring
【导语】本文讲述了一个乡下人第一次坐电梯时发生的趣事。
1．句意：当他走进一幢高楼时，他看见一个肥胖的老妇人走进一间小房间。根据“When he went...a high building”可知，他走进一个高楼，go into/inside“进入”。故填(i)nto/(i)nside。
2．句意：当他走进一幢高楼时，他看见一个肥胖的老妇人走进一间小房间。根据“he saw a fat...woman”结合首字母可知，此处是指老妇人，old“老的”，形容词，故填(o)ld。
3．句意：这是一个电梯，但乡下人不知道。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系，应用but连接。故填(b)ut。
4．句意：门关上了，灯光闪烁着，过了一会儿，门开了，一位美丽的年轻女士走了出来。根据“The door...lights flashed (闪亮),”可知，电梯门关上可，close“关闭”，动词，根据后面可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式closed。故填(c)losed。
5．句意：门关上了，灯光闪烁着，过了一会儿，门开了，一位美丽的年轻女士走了出来。根据“after a while the door...and a beautiful young lady came out.”可知电梯门打开了，open“打开”，动词，句子是一般过去时，故填(o)pened。
6．句意：乡下人很惊讶。根据“The countryman was...surprised (惊讶)”可知乡下人很惊讶，very“非常”，副词修饰形容词。故填(v)ery。
7．句意：我应该把我的老胖妻子带到这里来！根据“I should...my old fat wife here”可知，乡下人想把自己的妻子带到这里来，bring“带来”，动词，情态动词should后加动词原形。故填(b)ring。
（2022上·上海嘉定·七年级统考期末）Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的单词，首字母已给)
Some people collect all kinds of paintings, drawings and photographs. Others collect goods such as balls, cards and clothes from their favorite shops. It seems e 8 to start a collection, but how do you become a smart collector Here are several rules for you to follow.
● E 9 things you collect
Collect things that you are interested in. Collect things that you want to keep for a long time. Don’t waste your money and time on something you don’t r 10 like. Think twice before you start a collection.
● Learn to become an expert (专家)
Read a lot of books about the things you collect as well as visit many m 11 . Go to different markets and talk to antique (古董) experts there. Feel free to ask them a lot of questions. Don’t worry! Experts love to talk and share.
● Collect rare (稀有的) things
Rare things are more valuable than common (常见) ones. I 12 the things you collect are rare today, they will be more valuable in the future.
Everyone can be a smart collector. Why not start your collection in a wise way
【答案】8．(e)asy 9．(E)njoy 10．(r)eally 11．(m)useums 12．(I)f
【导语】本文主要介绍了成为一个明智的收藏家的规则。
8．句意：似乎开始一个收集是很容易的，但是你知道如何成为一个明智的收藏家吗？根据“It seems ... to start a collection, but how do you become a smart collector ”可知，开始一个收集是很容易的，seems为系动词，后跟形容词。故填(e)asy。
9．句意：享受你收集的东西。根据“Collect things that you are interested in.”可知，是享受你收集的东西，enjoy“享受”，本句为祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填(E)njoy。
10．句意：不要在你确实不喜欢的东西上浪费金钱和时间。根据“you don’t ... like”及首字母提示可知，此处用副词really“确实”修饰动词。故填(r)eally。
11．句意：阅读很多关于你收集的东西的书，以及参观许多博物馆。根据“visit many ...”及首字母提示可知，此处指参观博物馆，museum“博物馆”，many后跟名词复数。故填(m)useums。
12．句意：如果你收集的东西现在很稀缺，它们在未来将会更有价值。根据“the things you collect are rare today, they will be more valuable in the future.”及首字母可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填(I)f。
（2022上·上海宝山·七年级校联考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many b 13 stamps are published(发行）to mark the great games. The f 14 stamps came out to January 25, 1932 for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps becoming a rule.
During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany.
The F 15 Rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear for the first time.
China published four stamps in 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to t 16 part in the games. Japan is the only Asian c 17 that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to collect money for this sport meeting.
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can e 18 the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.
【答案】13．(b)eautiful 14．(f)irst 15．(F)ive 16．(t)ake 17．(c)ountry 18．(e)njoy
【导语】本文介绍了的是有关奥运会发行邮票的情况。
13．句意：在这个时候，许多漂亮的邮票被发行以纪念伟大的运动会。空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，结合首字母提示及事实可知，是很多漂亮的邮票被发行，故填(b)eautiful。
14．句意：第一批邮票于1932年1月25日发行。根据首字母提示及“stamps came out to January 25, 1932 for the 3rd White Olympics.”可知，此处说的是第一批邮票被发行的时间，此处应用序数词表示顺序，故填(f)irst。
15．句意：奥运五环标志首次被画在运动服的正面。根据“Rings of Olympics”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“奥运五环”，故填(F)ive。
16．句意：1980年，当中国运动员开始参加奥运会时，中国发行了四枚邮票。根据“part in the games”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是take part in“参加”，空前有to，此处动词用原形，故填(t)ake。
17．句意：日本是唯一一个举办过白色奥运会的亚洲国家。根据“Japan is the only Asian”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是country“国家”，空前有the only修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(c)ountry。
18．句意：人们可以欣赏到一些运动员的精彩动作之美。根据“the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是enjoy“欣赏”，can是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填(e)njoy。
（2022上·上海浦东新·七年级上海市实验学校校考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Every day some people are killed while they are crossing the roads. Most of these people are old people and children. Old people are often killed because they can’t see or h 19 well. Children are killed because they aren’t c 20 . They forget to look and listen before they cross the roads.
A car can’t stop quickly. If a car is going very fast, it will travel many metres before it s 21 . Some people don’t u 22 this. They think a car can stop in a few metres. It’s difficult to know how fast a car is moving. The only way to cross the roads safely is to look b 23 ways, right and left. Then if the roads are empty, you can cross the roads.
【答案】19．(h)ear 20．(c)areful 21．(s)tops 22．(u)nderstand 23．(b)oth
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了过马路的时候每天都会有人死亡，大部分都是老人和孩子，所以过马路的时候一定左右两边都看清楚。
19．句意：老人经常死亡因为他们看不好或者听不好。“or”表示“或者”，属于并列连词，前后词性、语法应该是一致的。前面“see”表示“看见”，动词原形，后面“h”开头，且为动词原形，应该是“hear”表示“听见”。故填(h)ear。
20．句意：孩子们死亡因为他们不小心。根据后一句“They forget to look and listen before they cross the roads.”可知，他们过马路时候忘记看和听，比较粗心，不细致，不小心。“are”后面加形容词，构成表语，“c”开头的形容词表示“仔细的，小心的”，用“careful”，故填(c)areful。
21．句意：如果一辆车开得很快，在它停车之前还会开出好几米。根据第二段第一句“A car can’t stop quickly.”可知，一辆车不会很快停下。所以在它停之前，还会开出好几米。“s”开头，表示“停止”，用“stop”。“before”表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用将来时，从句应该是一般现在时，“it”是第三人称单数，谓语动词变三单，故填(s)tops。
22．句意：一些人不理解这个。根据后一句“They think a car can stop in a few metres.”可知，他们认为汽车可以在几米内停下来。对于“车在停止之前还要开出好多米”这件事人们表示不理解，“don’t”后面加动词原形，故填(u)nderstand。
23．句意：安全过马路的唯一方式就是左右两边都要看。根据本句“The only way to cross the roads safely is to look b…ways, right and left.”可知，安全过马路要看左边和右边，所以应该是两边，“两者都”用“both”，故填(b)oth。
（2022上·上海普陀·七年级校联考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
For most people, birthday is very important. Young people u 24 like to have parties on their birthdays. They invite their f 25 to their house. And their parents may make a big dinner. Everyone brings a p 26 . They often have a big b 27 cake with the word “Happy Birthday” on it. There are candles on it, too. One candle is f 28 one year. After the birthday person makes a wish and blow out the candles, they can e 29 the nice cake.
【答案】24．(u)sually 25．(f)riends 26．(p)resent 27．(b)irthday 28．(f)or 29．(e)njoy
【导语】本文主要介绍了生日时人们会做的事情。
24．句意：年轻人通常喜欢在生日那天举行聚会。根据“like to have parties on their birthdays”以及首字母可知是通常在生日那天举行聚会，usually“通常”。故填(u)sually。
25．句意：他们邀请朋友到家里来。根据“invite their...to their house”以及首字母可知是邀请朋友们来自己家，此处用名词复数friends“朋友们”。故填(f)riends。
26．句意：每个人都带礼物。根据“Everyone brings a...”以及首字母可知是每个人都带一个礼物，a后加可数名词单数present“礼物”。故填(p)resent。
27．句意：他们经常有一个大生日蛋糕，上面写着“生日快乐”。根据“a big...cake”以及首字母可知是生日蛋糕，birthday cake“生日蛋糕”。故填(b)irthday。
28．句意：一支蜡烛代表一岁。根据“One candle is...one year”以及首字母可知，一支蜡烛代表一岁，用介词for。故填(f)or。
29．句意：当生日的人许愿并吹灭蜡烛后，他们就可以享用美味的蛋糕了。根据“they can...the nice cake”以及首字母可知是享受蛋糕，can后加动词原形enjoy“享受”。故填(e)njoy。
（2022上·上海·七年级上海市西延安中学校考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. （阅读短文, 在空格内填入适当的词, 每空格限填一词。）
Good n 30 for science-fiction fans! A Bilibili animation series （动画剧集） based on . The Three-Body Problem （三体） which is p 31 among the young people will come out on Dec 3rd.
The writer Liu Cixin said he was excited about it. “Animation, like science fiction, is the art of imagination （想象力）. I b 32 in the world of animation, a science-fiction story like The Three-Body Problem can really come alive （成真）, ” he told Bilibili.
This animation is special because it mainly tells the stories in the second book of The Three-Body Problem trilogy （三部曲）. At the s 33 time, it uses the background （背景） of the first book in the series too.
As the 1905 website noted, the second book has the most e 34 stories and the most complicated settings （复杂设定）. It will be h 35 to show them in a live﹣action （真人的） series. But the animation uses simple drawing styles and many grand scenes（场景）to show them. We’ll see some s 36 , the aliens（外星人）fly and many space elevators. We’ll also meet the Wallfacers （面壁者） in the animation series.
【答案】30．(n)ovels 31．(p)opular 32．(b)elieve 33．(s)ame 34．(e)xciting 35．(h)elpful 36．(s)paceships
【导语】本文主要讲了在年轻人中很流行的《三体》被改编成动画的一些具体情况。
30．句意：科幻迷的好小说！根据第二段开头“The writer Liu Cixin said he was excited about it.”可知，空处是指作家写的小说，novel“小说”是可数名词，这里表示泛指，故填(n)ovels。
31．句意：B站以在年轻人中很流行的《三体》为基础改编的动画剧集将于12月3日上映。根据“which is p...among the young people”可知，应该是在年轻人中流行，故需形容词popular“流行的”，放在be后作表语，故填(p)opular。
32．句意：我相信在动画世界里，像《三体》这样的科幻故事真的会变得栩栩如生。根据“a science-fiction story like TheThree-Body Problem can really come alive （成真）”可知，这是作者相信的具体内容，需填believe“相信”，时态是一般现在时， I做主语，动词要用原形。故填(b)elieve。
33．句意：同时它也使用了该系列第一本书的背景。根据首字母及“At the s...time”可知，考查固定短语at the same time“同时”，故填(s)ame。
34．句意：第二本书有最激动人心的故事和最复杂的背景。根据首字母及“...story”可知，此空需填形容词exciting“兴奋的”，修饰后面的名词stories，故填(e)xciting。
35．句意：在真人系列中展示它们会很有帮助。根据“It will be h...to”及首字母可知，在动画中去展示有益于人们理解复杂的背景。helpful“有益处的”，故填(h)elpful。
36．句意：我们会看到一些外星人驾驶的宇宙飞船和许多太空电梯。根据句中“the aliens（外星人）fly and many space elevators.”及首字母可知，都是有关太空的东西，故spaceship“宇宙飞船”合适，因some+可数名词复数，故填(s)paceships。
（2023上·上海徐汇·七年级位育中学校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work or when your best friend does not wait for you after school If you do, you need to take control of your feelings. Getting angry with others can cause you to 1 37 friends.
Cary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written a book named My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animal to help you control your feelings. The book tells how to stay cool when bad things happen.
The book says that getting angry only makes problems more serious. It can never make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act, “ the book says. “It is just a h 38 , like smoking.”
The book says you can control you feelings e 39 — all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry.
The book gives many tips to help you if you get angry frequently. Here are the top three:
*Keep a r 40 . Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry so often.
*Ask your friends to s 41 talking to you when you get angry. Leave you alone. This will teach you not to be angry.
*Do something d 42 . When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh.
【答案】37．(l)ose 38．(h)abit 39．(e)asily 40．(r)ecord 41．(s)top 42．(d)ifferent
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一本书是如何教大家控制自己的情绪。
37．句意：对别人生气可能会让你失去朋友。此处填动词原形和其前to构成动词不定式；根据“Getting angry with others”及常识和首字母可知，老是生气会失去朋友；lose表示“失去”，是动词，故填(l)ose。
38．句意：这只是一种习惯，就像吸烟一样。根据“like smoking”及首字母可知，此处指“生气是一种习惯”，habit“习惯”，a后跟单数名词，故填(h)abit。
39．句意：这本书说你可以很容易地控制自己的情绪。此处修饰动词control，可知要用副词；根据后文“ all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry.”可知，此处是说很容易控制情绪；easily表示“容易地”，是副词，故填(e)asily。
40．句意：做记录。a后跟可数名词单数形式；根据“Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry so often.”可知，写下来生气的原因，也就是做记录，record“记录”，故填(r)ecord。
41．句意：当你生气时，让你的朋友停止和你讲话。不定式符号to后跟动词原形；根据“Leave you alone. ”和首字母可知，应是要求朋友停止和自己讲话，stop表示“停止”，是动词，又和其后动名词构成固定用法stop doing sth.，表示“停止做某事”，故填(s)top。
42．句意：做一些不同的事。此处作定语修饰其前复合不定代词，应该用形容词；根据后文“When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. ”可知是建议转移注意力，做点不同的事；different表示“不同的”，是形容词，符合语境。故填(d)ifferent。
（2023上·上海长宁·七年级校考校考）Read the passage below and fill in the blanks with proper words. (根据文章内容填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Bill Gates is the richest person in the world. He’s not only a very f 43 computer scientist, but also a very successful businessman.
Bill's father was a lawyer and his mother was a teacher. From his p 44 , he learnt a lot. He learnt from his father the m 45 of the famous saying “No pains, no gains”. He also learnt from his mother that a person must know how to make the best of time by making schedules (时间表).
When Bill was young, he s 46 a lot of time reading books. His favourite was The World Book Encyclopedia I (百科全书). He also did lots of s 47 such as tennis, swimming and water-skiing. He loved to be the winner and hated to lose. And he became more and more interested in computers. When he was still a college student, he developed the world’s first computer language for personal computers and created software. Then he realized that every family was going to have a c 48 one day, and every computer would need his software. So he s 49 his Microsoft Company without finishing his lessons in college. He said, “I'm making my first million dollars on software by the time I’m twenty-five.” And he did!
【答案】43．(f)amous 44．(p)arents 45．(m)eaning 46．(s)pent 47．(s)ports 48．(c)omputer 49．(s)tarted
【导语】本文主要介绍了比尔盖茨的经历。
43．句意：他不仅是一位非常著名的计算机科学家，也是一位非常成功的商人。根据“Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.”可知比尔盖茨很出名，famous“著名的”，形容词作定语，故填(f)amous。
44．句意：从父母那里，他学到了很多。根据“He learnt from his father”和“He also learnt from his mother”可知是指父母，应用parents，故填(p)arents。
45．句意：他从父亲那里学到了那句名言“一分耕耘，一分收获”的含义。根据“He learnt from his father the m...of the famous saying”可知是指名言的含义，应用meaningful“含义，意思”。故填(m)eaning。
46．句意：当比尔年轻的时候，他花了很多时间读书。根据“a lot of time reading books.”可知考查短语spend time doing“花时间”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)pent。
47．句意：他还做了很多运动，如网球、游泳和滑水。根据“such as tennis, swimming and water-skiing”可知网球、游泳和滑水都是运动，应用sports。故填(s)ports。
48．句意：然后他意识到有一天每个家庭都会有一台电脑，而每台电脑都需要他的软件。根据“and every computer ”可知每个家庭都会有一台电脑，应用单数名词computer，故填(c)omputer。
49．句意：因此，他没有完成大学课程就创办了微软公司。根据“So he s...his Microsoft Company”可知是指比尔盖茨创办了微软公司，start“创办”，动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)tarted。
（2023上·上海浦东新·七年级校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
There is an English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine.” U 50 recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter can r 51 improve people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has s 52 effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper; it also w 53 several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to r 54 the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny programs. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of c 55 in the brain which diminishes (减少) both stress and pain.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by e 56 them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
【答案】50．(U)ntil 51．(r)eally 52．(s)imilar 53．(w)orks 54．(r)educe 55．(c)hemical 56．(e)ncouraging
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了笑对健康的影响。研究发现笑的效果与体育锻炼相似，笑能够减轻疼痛对身体的影响，美国的一些医生基于这个发现，开设了笑容诊所，通过鼓励患者笑来改善他们的病情。
50．句意：直到最近，很少有人认真看待这句话。根据下文“Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.”可知，前后两句话内容上是转折关系，现在医生才开始关注笑对人体的影响，说明从之前到最近都鲜有人重视，结合首字母，此空填时间介词until。故填(U)ntil。
51．句意：他们发现笑真的能改善人的健康。根据下文内容可知，笑确实能改善健康状况，此空填副词表程度，结合首字母，此空填副词really。故填(r)eally。
52．句意：研究发现笑的效果与体育锻炼相似。根据“It increases blood pressure, makes the heart beat quicker and makes people breathe deeper”可知，笑的效果与体育锻炼相似，结合首字母，此空是形容词作定语。故填(s)imilar。
53．句意：它还可以锻炼面部、腹部甚至脚部的几组肌肉。根据上文“It was found that laughter has...effects to physical exercise.”可知，研究发现笑的效果与体育锻炼相似，可以锻炼一些肌肉群，上下文语境提示句子用一般现在时，主语是it，结合首字母，此空填动词三单形式works。故填(w)orks。
54．句意：其他测试表明，笑声似乎能够减少疼痛对身体的影响。根据下文“The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that...”可知，笑声似乎能够减少疼痛对身体的影响，空前是不定式符号to，结合首字母，此空填动词原形。故填(r)educe。
55．句意：笑声能减轻疼痛的原因似乎是因为它在大脑中产生一种减轻压力和疼痛的化学物质。根据“...produce a kind of...in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain.”可知，应该是在大脑中产生一种减轻压力和疼痛的化学物质，chemical“化学物质”，是可数名词，由a kind of“一种”修饰，此空填名词单数。故填(c)hemical。
56．句意：这些发现的结果是，美国的一些医生现在开了笑容诊所，在这种诊所中，他们通过鼓励患者笑来帮助改善他们的病情。根据下文“...making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.”可知，鼓励不想笑的人去笑也会产生同样的有利的效果，此空在介词后，应填动名词，结合首字母，空处是encouraging。故填(e)ncouraging。
（2023上·上海闵行·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格上填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每个空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Hi, everyone! My name is Hamilton. I love animals and have wanted a pet since I was a little kid. However, I can’t have pets because two of my family members don’t feel well when they touch animal hair. L 57 , my job helps make my dream come true—I’m a pet taxi driver!
One day about two years ago, I was at a friend’s home. We were talking when his pet dog s 58 started vomiting（呕吐）. It also had a fever. My friend tried to get a taxi to take the dog to the vet. He made three calls, but none of the drivers a 59 to drive a dog to the clinic.
That experience gave me the i 60 to start helping animals myself. I began offering “Taxi Dog” service（服务）. My p 61 are animals like dogs, cats, birds and more.
I make three to four t 62 a day. Pet owners usually ask me to take them and their pets to vet clinics. When I return the pets to their home safely, I know the animals are healthy. This is the most wonderful part of my job. Of course, I also take them to pet homes, shopping centers, beaches and many other places. Now, I make new friends every day. I’m more than h 63 to help these animal friends!
【答案】57．(L)uckily 58．(s)uddenly 59．(a)greed 60．(i)dea 61．(p)assengers 62．(t)rips 63．(h)appy
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何成为一名宠物出租车司机的过程。
57．句意：幸运的是，我的工作帮助我实现这一梦想——我是一名宠物出租车司机。根据“my job helps make my dream come true”可知，我的工作帮助我实现这一梦想，这是一件幸运的事。空格位于句首，因此应用副词luckily来修饰整个句子，首字母为L。故填(L)uckily。
58．句意：当时我们正在聊天，他的宠物狗突然呕吐越来。结合语境，可知此处表示宠物狗呕吐是突发事件，应用副词suddenly来修饰整个句子，首字母为s。故填(s)uddenly。
59．句意：他打了三个电话，但没有一个司机同意载一只小狗去诊所。结合语境，可知此处表示司机们都不同意载小狗去医院，首字母为a，agree to do sth“同意做某事”，句子应用一般过去时，动词agree的过去式为agreed。故填(a)greed。
60．句意：那次经历让我有了开始帮助动物的想法。定冠词the后接名词。根据“to start helping animals myself”可知帮助动词是一个想法，首字母为i，“想法”是名词idea，此处应用其单数形式。故填(i)dea。
61．句意：我的乘客是像小狗、小猫、小鸟和更多这样的动物。根据上文“I’m a pet taxi driver”可知作者是一名宠物出租车司机，因此此处所提到的小动物就是作者的乘客。首字母为p，“乘客”是名词passenger，根据“are”可知主语应是复数名词passengers。故填(p)assengers。
62．句意：一天我要开三到四趟车程。基数词three to four后接复数名词。make a trip“进行一趟车程”，首字母为t，因此此处应填入trip的复数形式trips。故填(t)rips。
63．句意：我非常乐意帮助这些动物朋友们。结合语境可知作者当了宠物出租车司机后帮助了动物，也结交了新的朋友，由此可知作者应是非常乐意做这件事。首字母为h，more than happy表示“非常乐意”。故填(h)appy。
（2023上·上海奉贤·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给
There are many cities in most countries. But every country has one special city—the capital. For example, China’s capital city is Beijing.
The capital city is very important. It is home to a country’s central government (中央政府).
Leaders of a country w 64 and live there. It is often the centre of a country’s economy (经济) and culture too.
The capital city is very special, so countries do not often change it. But Indonesia is going to b 65 a new capital on the island of Borneo. Jakarta, the capital is sinking into the sea now. The city has taken out too much groundwater.
People cannot change the capital city easily in a few m 66 . It will take around 10 years and cost about $32 billion.
There are some interesting things to know about capital cities around the world.
◎ Capitals are usually large cities, but not a 67 the largest city in a country. For example, Canberra is the capital of Australia, but the largest city in Australia is Sydney.
◎ Some countries have more than o 68 capital. For example, South Africa has three and Bolivia has two.
◎ Some s 69 countries take the whole country itself as the capital, such as Singapore in Asia. It just has an area of 719 square kilometers, while Beijing is 16410 square kilometers.
【答案】64．(w)ork 65．(b)uild 66．(m)onths 67．(a)lways 68．(o)ne 69．(s)mall
【导语】本文讲述了每个国家都有一个特别的城市——首都。首都非常重要。它是一个国家中央政府的所在地。一个国家的领导人在那里工作和生活。它通常也是一个国家经济和文化的中心。文章还介绍了一些关于世界各地首都城市的趣事。
64．句意：一个国家的领导人在那里工作和生活。根据“Leaders of a country w...and live there”可知，此处是指国家领导人在首都工作和生活。work“工作”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(w)ork。
65．句意：但印度尼西亚将在婆罗洲岛上建立一个新首都。根据“a new capital on the island of Borneo”和首字母可知，此处是指建立一个新首都。build“建造”，动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。故填(b)uild。
66．句意：人们不可能在几个月内轻易地改变首都。根据“It will take around 10 years”和首字母可知，此处说的是花费时间，a few months“几个月”。故填(m)onths。
67．句意：首都通常是大城市，但不一定是一个国家最大的城市。根据“For example, Canberra is the capital of Australia, but the largest city in Australia is Sydney.”可知，首都并不总是一个国家最大的城市。always“总是”符合语境，故填(a)lways。
68．句意：有些国家有不止一个首都。根据“For example, South Africa has three and Bolivia has two.”可知，有的国家不止有一个首都。one“一个”符合语境，故填(o)ne。
69．句意：有些小国以整个国家本身为首都，如亚洲的新加坡。根据“take the whole country itself as the capital”可知，以整个国家本身为首都，说明国家很小，应用small“小的”。故填(s)mall。
（2022上·上海静安·七年级统考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Animals, Not Cars!
Do you know why people use animals a lot Walking is too slow and difficult s 70 people all over the world use animals for transportation. Let’s look at some of these animals today.
First, the horse is a common animal for riding. People ride horses in most parts of the world. They move very fast. Horses are easy to train (训练). They’re also f 71 to ride. Some people even ride horses a 72 water!
Elephant riding is popular in Thailand. They are slow but they can c 73 many people. You need to climb up high to get on an elephant’s back. Its back is also safe and cool. But be careful.
Last, people ride camels in northern Africa and Asia. Camels only need a little water. They can walk for a long time in the hot desert. They can also run very fast. It is not h 74 to get on a camel.
We ride each animal differently. But these animals have one thing in common: they make travelling e 75 and faster.
【答案】70．(s)o 71．(f)un 72．(a)cross 73．(c)arry 74．(h)ard 75．(e)asier
【分析】短文主要介绍了用于骑行的三种动物。
70．句意：走路太慢、太困难，所以全世界的人都用动物来运输。分析空前后句句意和首字母提示可知，空处的词应是so“因此、所以”，引出结果，连词。故填(s)o。
71．句意：骑马也很有趣。空处的词在系动词之后，应是形容词；承接前句“Horses are easy to train (训练).”语境和首字母提示可知，空处应是fun“有趣的”，形容词。故填(f)un。
72．句意：有些人甚至骑马过河！根据空后“water”和首字母提示可知，空处应是across“穿过”，介词。故填(a)cross。
73．句意：它们很慢，但能载很多人。根据空后“many people”和首字母提示可知，空处应是carry“搬、运送”，动词；can是情态动词，后加动词原形。故填(c)arry。
74．句意：骑骆驼并不难。根据空后“to get on a camel”和首字母提示可知，空处应是hard“困难的”，形容词。故填(h)ard。
75．句意：但这些动物有一个共同点：它们使旅行更容易、更快。根据上文语境和首字母提示可知，空处应是easier“更容易的”，形容词比较级。故填(e)asier。
（2022上·上海杨浦·七年级统考期末）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
In Brooklyn, New York, a little girl, Diana, always played with some boys. “Diana!” her father called. “Play with the girls! You’re a girl, not a boy!”
Diana’s father sounded a little a 76 . But Diana knew that her father was proud of her because she was strong and good at sports.
Diana g 77 up and stopped having sports with the boys. She got married and m 78 to California.
When Diana was 48 years old, she went to a gym. She exercised and lifted weights. She really enjoyed it. At first Diana went to the gym o 79 three times a week. Then she started going every day. She got stronger and stronger. Her muscles got bigger and bigger. She has won over 24 awards（奖）for bodybuilding (健美).
Diana is proud of her awards. But she doesn’t exercise and lift weights only to win awards. Diana’s father said, “Good health is very important. If you don’t have good health, you have n 80 .”
Diana says, “Good food is very important, too. I don’t eat butter, oil or a lot of sweets. I eat e 81 vegetables, fruit, yogurt, and rice. I also get plenty of sleep and fresh air.”
Bodybuilding and eating good food keep Diana healthy and young-looking.
【答案】76．(a)ngry 77．(g)rew 78．(m)oved 79．(o)nly 80．(n)othing 81．(e)nough
【导语】本文主要讲述了戴安娜听从父亲的建议，她锻炼不仅仅是为了得到奖项，而是为了保持健康，她的锻炼和健康的饮食让她保持年轻。
76．句意：戴安娜的父亲听起来有点生气。根据“Play with the girls! You’re a girl, not a boy!”以及首字母可知，她父亲不想让她和男孩子玩，听起来有点生气，angry“生气的”。故填(a)ngry。
77．句意：戴安娜长大了，不再和男孩们一起运动了。根据“up and stopped having sports with the boys”以及首字母可知是她长大了，grow up“长大”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(g)rew。
78．句意：她结婚后搬到了加利福尼亚。根据“to California”以及首字母可知是搬到了加利福尼亚，move“搬到”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(m)oved。
79．句意：起初，戴安娜每周只去健身房三次。根据“three times a week. Then she started going every day.”以及首字母可知，她刚开始只是一周去三次，之后就是每天都去，only“仅仅”。故填(o)nly。
80．句意：如果你身体不好，你什么都没有。根据“If you don’t have good health, you have”以及首字母可知是如果没有健康，就什么都没有了，nothing“什么都没有”。故填(n)othing。
81．句意：我吃了足够的蔬菜、水果、酸奶和米饭。根据“vegetables, fruit, yogurt, and rice”以及首字母可知她不吃黄油、甜品等，她吃足够的蔬菜和水果等，enough“足够的”。故填(e)nough。
（2022上·上海黄浦·七年级上海市民办立达中学校考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Text messaging, or simply “texting”, allows people to send and r 82 messages on mobile phones. The advantages of texting are obvious. Texting helps to save money. If you have a few words to greet your families and friends on their birthdays or on some important festivals, sending messages can be c 83 than phone calling.
Texting helps to save time. Even if you want to send a message to 100 people, you can do it in one s 84 . Texting helps you to “talk” to someone when he is too busy to answer the phone. Texting can also help you to “talk” to someone in silence if you don’t want o 85 to hear what you are talking on the phone. These advantages are so amazing that many people are c 86 about it. They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, sending dozens of messages each day.
However, texting has its disadvantages. Junk messages may come into your mobile phone box now and then.
What’s more, if you don’t do texting properly, for example, texting w 87 driving or walking, it can be dangerous. It can cause injuries and even d 88 .
Texting is a wonderful way of communication. Only when we use it properly, can we fully enjoy the fun it brings.
【答案】82．(r)eceive 83．(c)heaper 84．(s)econd 85．(o)thers 86．(c)razy 87．(w)hile 88．(d)eath
【导语】本文主要介绍了短信息的优点和缺点。
82．句意：短信，或者简称“短信”，允许人们在手机上发送和接收信息。根据“Text messaging”和“send and”可知此处指“收发信息”，首字母为r，应用动词receive表示“接收”，此处应用其动词原形。故填(r)eceive。
83．句意：如果你有几句话要在家人和朋友的生日或一些重要的节日问候他们，发送信息可能比打电话更便宜。根据上文“Texting helps to save money.”可知此处表示短信比打电话更便宜，根据than及首字母c可知此处应用形容词cheap的比较级cheaper。故填(c)heaper。
84．句意：即使你想给100个人发信息，你也可以在一秒钟内完成。根据“Texting helps to save time.”可知，短信帮助节约时间，因此可以在一秒钟内给100个人发信息，根据首字母s可知此处应用名词second表示“秒”，in one second表示“在一秒钟内”。故填(s)econd。
85．句意：如果你不想让别人听到你在电话里说的话，发短信也可以帮助你在沉默中“说话”。根据“Texting can also help you to ‘talk’ to someone in silence”可知，此处表示“不想让别人听见”，首字母为o，应用others表示“别人”。故填(o)thers。
86．句意：这些优点太神奇了，以至于很多人都为之疯狂。根据“These advantages are so amazing”及首字母c可知此处应用形容词短语be crazy about表示“为……疯狂”。故填(c)razy。
87．句意：而且，如果你没有正确的发短信，例如，当开车或者散步时发短信，可能会很危险。根据“driving or walking”及首字母w可知，表示正在开车或者散步的时候，应用while引导时间状语从句。故填(w)hile。
88．句意：它会导致受伤甚至死亡。根据上文“it can be dangerous”可知，它是危险的，因此这会导致受伤甚至死亡，根据首字母d可知应用名词death表示“死亡”。故填(d)eath。
（2022上·上海奉贤·七年级校联考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Learning a new language is difficult. Do you want to be a better learner Here is some a 89 :
Listen to the teacher c 90 in class. Listen to what the teacher says, and then write them down. But you don’t need to write down everything the teacher says. Try to remember as many facts and ideas as you can. Underline(在……下面画线) important facts or main ideas.
Work h 91 in class. You should speak out a lot. And answer the questions as many as possible.
Do your homework carefully. Exercises are very i 92 to you. They can help you go over the knowledge you learned. Read over the notes you wrote in class. If there is anything you don’t u 93 , ask the teacher at the next class.
Practise more. For example, keep a diary or write stories.
【答案】89．(a)dvice 90．(c)arefully 91．(h)ard 92．(i)mportant 93．(u)nderstand
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为我们提供了一些学习一门新语言的建议。
89．句意：以下是一些建议。根据“Learning a new language is difficult. Do you want to be a better learner ”及下文可知此处应是提出建议，结合首字母，advice“建议”符合语境，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。
90．句意：课上认真听老师讲课。此处应填副词，修饰动词，根据“Listen to the teacher”并结合首字母可知应是认真听课，故填(c)arefully。
91．句意：在课上努力学习。此处应填副词修饰动词，结合首字母可知，work hard“努力学习”符合语境，故填(h)ard。
92．句意：对于你来说练习是非常重要的。此处应填形容词作表语，根据“Do your homework carefully.”并结合首字母可知应是重要的，故填(i)mportant。
93．句意：如果有你不理解的东西，在下节课时问老师。根据“ask the teacher at the next class”并结合首字母可知，understand“理解”符合语境，don’t为助动词，后续动词原形，故填(u)nderstand。
（2022上·上海·七年级上海市建平中学西校校考期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
26-year-old Anna from Australia is a full-time sofa tester. She spends 10 hours every day trying out new sofas for their comfort and s 94 .
In F 95 , Australian furniture company told the public that it was going to hire a full-time sofa tester. In just a few days, it r 96 more than 5000 job applications from people who were eager to spend most of their time sitting and l 97 on sofas. In the end, Anna stood out from the rest and got the job.
Although Anna describe h 98 as an active person, spending about 10 hours a day sitting on sofas doesn’t s 99 bad to her at all. She believes that the more time she spends on them, the b 100 it will be for her work.
Now the young woman receives a monthly salary of 5000 dollars. Of course, that is a lot of money for just sitting on sofas.
【答案】94．(s)afety 95．(F)ebruary 96．(r)eceived 97．(l)ying 98．(h)erself 99．(s)ound 100．(b)etter
【导语】本文主要介绍了安娜是一名全职沙发测试员，为了舒适和安全，她每天花10个小时试用新沙发。她相信，她花在它们上的时间越多，对她的工作就越好。
94．句意：为了舒适和安全，她每天花10个小时试用新沙发。根据“comfort and…”可知，此空应填与comfort保持并列的名词，结合首字母提示可知，safety意为“安全”，符合语境，故填(s)afety。
95．句意：今年2月，澳大利亚家具公司告诉公众，它将聘请一名全职沙发测试人员。根据语境和首字母提示可知，这里缺少时间状语，且为大写字母开头，February意为“二月”符合语境，故填(F)ebruary。
96．句意：在短短几天内，它收到了5000多份求职申请，这些人渴望把大部分时间都花在沙发上。根据“hire a full-time sofa tester”和“job applications”可知，这里表示“收到求职申请”，received意为“收到”符合语境，故填(r)eceived。
97．句意：在短短几天内，它收到了5000多份求职申请，这些人渴望把大部分时间都花在沙发上。根据“on sofas”和首字母提示可知，这里指“躺在沙发上”，lying意为“躺”符合语境，故填(l)ying。
98．句意：尽管安娜称自己是一个活跃的人，但每天花大约10个小时坐在沙发上对她来说一点也不坏。根据“Anna describe h…as an active person”和首字母提示可知，这里表示“描述她自己”，herself意为“她自己”符合语境，故填(h)erself。
99．句意：尽管安娜称自己是一个活跃的人，但每天花大约10个小时坐在沙发上对她来说一点也不坏。根据“active”和“sitting on sofas”可知，前后是相对关系，花时间坐在沙发上并没有任何坏处，sound意为“听到”符合语境，故填(s)ound。
100．句意：她相信，她花在它们上的时间越多，对她的工作就越好。根据“the more”和首字母可知，此处表示“越……越……”，应用比较级，结合上下文可知，花在沙发上的时间越多，对自己的工作越好，better意为“更好”符合语境，故填(b)etter。
（2023上·上海静安·七年级上海市回民中学校考校考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak, and when you start using them a 101 , they’ll slowly become strong. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (记忆力) works in the same w 102 .
When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it e 103 chance to become strong.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed (被责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t r 104 or write but usually they have better memories This is because they cannot read or write and when they have to remember things, they cannot write them down in a small notebook. As a result, they have to remember days, names, songs and stories, so their memory is being exercised the whole t 105 .
So if you w 106 to have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering things in a way as other people do.
【答案】101．(a)gain 102．(w)ay 103．(e)nough 104．(r)ead 105．(t)ime 106．(w)ant
【导语】本文作者主要通过举例，介绍了如何才能拥有好的记忆力，及提高记忆力的方法。
101．句意：如果你有一段时间不使用你的胳膊或腿，它们会变得虚弱，当你再次开始使用它们时，它们会慢慢变得强壮。根据“If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak,”和首字母可知，当你再次开始使用胳膊或腿时，它们会慢慢变得强壮。again“再一次”符合语境，故填(a)gain。
102．句意：然而，许多人似乎并不知道记忆也是以同样的方式工作的。根据“Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (记忆力) works in the same w...”和上文可知记忆力也是需要锻炼的，也是以同样的方式，应用单数名词way“方式”。故填(w)ay。
103．句意：当别人说他的记忆力差时，他真正的意思是他没有给它足够的机会变得强大。根据“he really means that he does not give it e...chance to become strong.”可知指的是没有足够的机会，enough“足够的”作定语修饰chance。故填(e)nough。
104．句意：你有没有发现有些人不能读或写，但通常他们有更好的记忆力？根据“or write”和首字母可知，read“阅读”和write并列，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填(r)ead。
105．句意：因此，他们必须记住日子、名字、歌曲和故事，所以他们的记忆力一直在锻炼。根据“As a result, they have to remember days, names, songs and stories,”可知这些人的记忆力一直处于锻炼之中，the whole time“自始至终”，故填(t)ime。
106．句意：所以，如果你想有一个好的记忆力，向别人学习：用别人的方式练习记忆。根据“So if you w...to have a good memory, learn from the people”可知是指想要一个好的记忆力。if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故填(w)ant。
（2023上·上海宝山·七年级校考校考）在短文的空格上填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每个空格限填一词，首字母已给。
George and his wife Marge go to the State Fair every year. Every year George would say, “Marge, I’d like to ride in that plane.” And every year Marge would say, “I know, George, but that plane ride costs ten dollars, and ten dollars is ten dollars.”
This year George and Marge go to the State Fair a 107 , and George says, “Marge, I’m 71 years old. If I don’t ride that plane this year, I may never get a 108 chance.”
Marge answers, “George, that plane ride costs ten dollars, and ten dollars is ten dollars.”
The pilot(飞行员) is bored of h 109 the argument once a year, and he says, “I’ll give you a chance. I’ll take you both up for a ride. If you can stay q 110 for the whole ride and not say one word, I won’t ask you to pay for it, but if you say one word, it’s ten dollars.”
George and Marge a 111 and up they go. The pilot does all kinds of twists and turns, roils and dives, but not a word is heard. He does all this over again, but still not a word. They land and the pilot turns to George, “I did everything I could think of to get you to call out, but you didn’t.”
George replies, “Well, I was r 112 to say something when Marge fell out of the plane, but ten dollars is ten dollars.”
【答案】107．(a)gain 108．(a)nother 109．(h)earing 110．(q)uiet 111．(a)gree 112．(r)eady
【导语】本文主要讲述了乔治和他的妻子玛吉去参加州博览会的经历。
107．句意：今年乔治和玛吉又去参加州博览会了。根据“George and his wife Marge go to the State Fair every year.”并结合首字母可知，他们每年都去参加博览会，今年又去了，again“再一次，又一次”。故填(a)gain。
108．句意：如果我今年不坐那架飞机，我可能再也没有机会了。根据“If I don’t ride that plane this year”并结合首字母可知，此处使用another“另一，又一”，表示“无法再次获得乘坐飞机的机会”。故填(a)nother。
109．句意：飞行员厌倦了每年听一次这样的争论。根据“George, that plane ride costs ten dollars, and ten dollars is ten dollars.”和“and he says”可知，飞行员听到了他们之间的争论，hear“听到”，动词，介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填(h)earing。
110．句意：如果你们能全程保持安静，一句话也不说，我就不要求你们付钱，但如果你们说了一个字，就要付十美元。根据“not say one word”并结合首字母可知，此处使用quiet“安静的”，形容词，表示“全程保持安静”。故填(q)uiet。
111．句意：乔治和玛吉同意了，然后他们就上去了。根据“If you can stay quiet for the whole ride and not say one word, I won’t ask you to pay for it, but if you say one word, it’s ten dollars.”和“up they go”可知，他们同意了飞行员的条件，agree“同意”，动词，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填(a)gree。
112．句意：唉，当玛吉从飞机上摔下来的时候，我正想说点什么，但十美元就是十美元。根据“was…to”和“but ten dollars is ten dollars”以及首字母可知，此处使用ready，be ready to do sth“准备做某事”，表示“正准备说话时，但想到了钱，所以忍住没有说一句话”。故填(r)eady。
（2023上·上海松江·七年级统考校考）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Hi, everyone! My name is Benson. As you can see in the photo, I’m a fashion star (时尚明星).
Five years ago, Vivian and Rick r 113 me from the street. After I arrived at my new home, I soon fell in love with my humans and their tuna (金枪鱼).
One day, Rick pointed his camera at me. I stopped moving and sat q 114 to let him take my picture. I am a smart and patient cat, by the way. After a while, Vivian bought me some nice c 115 and then even some hats. I like to wear glasses, but I hate shoes very much. It kills me to have a 116 kind of shoes or socks put on my feet!
Now I have all kinds of clothes for each s 117 . When it’s a cold winter day, Vivian often dresses me in a coat with a cute hat. In h 118 weather, you can see me in a beach shirt with a pair of cool sunglasses. I enjoy taking pictures in these interesting clothes. Do you like them too
【答案】113．(r)escued 114．(q)uietly 115．(c)lothes 116．(a)ny 117．(s)eason 118．(h)ot
【导语】本文主要介绍了一只名叫本森的猫，它是一位时尚明星。
113．句意：五年前，薇薇安和里克从街上救了我。根据下文“After I arrived at my new home, I soon fell in love with my humans and their tuna (金枪鱼).”和首字母提示可知，此处表示的是营救，rescue“营救”，动词；根据“Five years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式rescued。故填(r)escued。
114．句意：我停下脚步，安静地坐着让他给我拍照。根据“let him take my picture ”和首字母提示可知，应是安静地坐着，修饰动词sat，应用副词quietly“安静地”。故填(q)uietly。
115．句意：过了一会儿，薇薇安给我买了一些漂亮的衣服，甚至还买了一些帽子。根据下文“Now I have all kinds of clothes”和首字母提示可知，此处表示买了一些漂亮的衣服，用名词复数clothes“衣服”。故填(c)lothes。
116．句意：我脚上穿任何一种鞋或袜子都很难受！空后kind为单数，且根据上文“I like to wear glasses, but I hate shoes very much.”和首字母提示可知，应是把任何一种鞋子或袜子穿在脚上都会让我很难过，any“任何的”符合语境。故填(a)ny。
117．句意：现在我每个季节都有各种各样的衣服。根据下文“When it’s a cold winter day, Vivian often dresses me in a coat with a cute hat. In h... weather, you can see me in a beach shirt with a pair of cool sunglasses.”和首字母提示可知，应是每个季节都有各种各样的衣服，season“季节”，名词；根据“each”可知，此处用名词单数。故填(s)eason。
118．句意：在炎热的天气里，你可以看到我穿着沙滩衬衫，戴着一副很酷的太阳镜。根据空后的“you can see me in a beach shirt with a pair of cool sunglasses”和首字母提示可知，应是在炎热的天气里，hot“炎热的”，形容词修饰名词weather。故填(h)ot。
（2022上·上海闵行·七年级统考期末）Fill in the blanks with proper words.
Every community has people who help others. These people are called community helpers. There are many different kinds jobs that helpers have.
Firefighters help if there is a fire. They use fire trucks. Each truck has a big ladder, which helps firefighters r 119 peolpe in high places.
Firefighters must wear heavy clothes to keep the fire f 120 burning them. They also wear helmet on their heads. That is in case things fall on them. Their job is to put out fires and save people.
Police are helpers too. They drive cars with red and blue flashing lights. Police cars make loud n 121 . The lights and noise tell people they are on the way. Police help in many ways. When you call for help in an emergency, the police will a 122 come.
What’s more, ambuance drivers are important. They take people to the hospital i 123 they are hurt, so they can see a doctor.
All of these workers are e 124 of community helpers. There are many other people in your community who help too.
【答案】119．(r)each/(r)escue 120．(f)rom 121．(n)oise 122．(a)lways 123．(i)f 124．(e)xamples
【导语】本文主要介绍了社区帮手，重点介绍了消防员和警察所做的工作。
119．句意：每辆卡车都有一个大梯子，可以帮助消防员到达/营救高处的人。根据“Each truck has a big ladder, which helps firefighters...peolpe in high places”可知消防员用梯子能够够得着/营救高处的人，reach“够得着”/rescue“拯救”，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填(r)each/(r)escue。
120．句意：消防员必须穿着厚重的衣服，以防止火烧着他们。keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填(f)rom。
121．句意：警车发出很大的噪音。根据“The lights and noise”以及首字母可知，警车发出噪音，noise“噪音”，不可数名词。故填(n)oise。
122．句意：当你在紧急情况下求救时，警察总会来的。根据“When you call for help in an emergency, the police will a...come.”以及首字母可知，警察总是会来，always“总是”。故填(a)lways。
123．句意：如果人们受伤，他们会带他们去医院。“they are hurt”是“They take people to the hospital”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填(i)f。
124．句意：所有这些工人都是社区帮手的榜样。根据“All of these workers are...of community helpers.”可知上文提到的消防员和警察都是社区帮手的例子，example“例子”，此处用名词复数。故填(e)xamples。
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