中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题08 选词填空技巧及进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇
·模块一 选词填空技巧
·模块二 选词填空进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇
(有做题的方法，也需要语感，平时背得熟练，一眼就看出来答案)
1.考查角度：
1）动词常考时态和搭配
2）名词常考单复数
3）形容词常考变为副词、比较级、最高级
词性的变化
常见名词的后缀
1.tion
pollute---- pollution invent--- invention
2.ness
happy---- happiness sad--- sadness
3.ment
develop--- development encourage---- encouragement
t结尾的形容词,把t变为 ce，转为名词
important--- importance silent--- silence patient--- patience
职业常见后缀
er
teach---teacher work--- worker
Or
act--- actor invent--- inventot
ist
tour---- tourist science--- scientist
ian
music-- musician magic--- magician
2.解题步骤：
(1) 先浏览所给的选词；
(2) 通读全文，了解大意，结合文章，把选词放进去，看意思前后是否连贯；
(3 ) 如果对选词的意思不明确，可以判断空格上缺少的词性，从备选项中进行排除；
(4 ) 完成后，要阅读全文，检查是否出现错误，以防出现一个错误，很大可能会牵涉到另一个错误，所以检查尤为重要。
3.解题技巧：
1）把方框里的词都填上相应的词性，名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，情态动词等。
2）分析每个句子中所需要的句子成分，主语，谓语动词，宾语，表语，状语，定语，补语等。
基本句子结构：主谓宾，主谓，主系表结构。
I met friend last week.
He left. He has left.
They get so tall.
We are happy.
定状补
定语修饰名词或者代词，定语种类也比较多，简单举例说明一下：
She is a kind girl.
These teenagers from Japan are his friends.
I need your help.
The smiling girl is my daughter.
There is an apple tree there.
He is the earliest student to come here.
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件等。一般是副词，介词短语，状语从句等充当。
He speaks quickly.
I will meet you in front of the cinema.
They always hang out on the weekend.
He studies hard to get a good grade.
I didn’t go out because the weather wasn’t good.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
补语：不定式(to do) 名词 形容词 副词 现在分词
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
I name my dog Pit.我叫我的狗Pit。
I found the classroom empty.我发现教室里空无一人。
I found him lying in bed, sleeping.我发现他躺在床上,睡着了。
We hear him singing in the hall.我们听到他在大厅里唱歌。
词性和句子成分的关系：
名词一般做句子中的主语，宾语（谓语动词或者介词之后），表语（系动词之后），定语（修饰名词）
My teacher is a tall woman. She likes fruits. There is an apple tree in her yard.
名词有单数和复数形式，一般单数形式前面有a/an/one等，名词复数形式一般是以s,es结尾，还有个别是不规则的形式。
动词做句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词形式，谓语动词的形式会随着时态的变化有现在分词，过去分词，非谓语动词有to do不定式，doing，省略to do不定式里的to等变化形式，需要平时的积累。
He likes reading Mo Yan’s novels.
They were speaking when their teacher came in.
I enjoy reading in the rainy days.
另外: 动词的现在分词和过去分词还可以做定语，我们主要熟悉常用的那些就可以了swimming pool waiting room fallen leaves
情态动词后面接动词的原形，共同构成句子的谓语动词。can could must may might shall should will would等
I can do it myself.
形容词 做定语，表语等
They are very interesting.
He is an interesting boy.
副词修饰动词，形容词和其他副词.
He runs quickly.
He runs very quickly.
He is so funny.
介词不能单独使用，介词后面接名词，代词的宾格形式以及动名词.介词也需要在平时背书的时候多积累。
I can’t stop him from eating too much.
It is good _____ our health.
He is very strict _______his son.
连词后面接的是句子。
He is the boy who I like very much.
I will visit you if I have time next week.
代词有人称代词（he），指示代词(this)，复合不定代词(something)等。
He is my father.
I saw her just now.
There is something wrong with the car.
人称代词有主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，反身代词等。主格做主语，宾格放在动词和介词的后面，形容词性物主代词后面一定要接名词，其他的代词后面不能接名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，所以就相当于一个名词了。
关于各个人称的主宾格整理出来。？？？？？？？
指示代词：this that后面要加上名词的单数形式，these，those后面要接复数形式
3）当需要填的词性有几个选择时，应该根据各词性的形式和意思来判断。形式：名词单复数，动词的原形和过去式等等。
4）当主要的成分都不缺失时，试着把介词短语或者副词放进去看看。
5）如果做题时遇到了不会标注的词性，不用介意，就试着回想一下这个单词或词组以前怎么用的。
6）最重要的是把单词背下来意思，会了意思，了解了词性，选词填空就能做的很好了。
4.词性的用法以及在句子的位置
词性 主要用法与句中位置 例句
名词 放在句首作主语 动词或者介词后作宾语 特点：代词或冠词后需用名词 Milk is my favorite drink. We can’t live without air. The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词 放句中作谓语 放句中作主语 在介词后（动名词） 在另一动词后（非谓语形式） The man enjoyed a wonderful night. Making a plan is very important. We are fond of playing football. We hope to have another chance.
形容词 系动词作表语 名词前作定语 比较级和最高级 The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car. Health is more important than wealth.
副词 修饰动词 在形容词或副词或整句句首 比较级和最高级 They finally worked out the problem. Luckily, we found our way. Sam was extremely happy. He listens to the teacher the most carefully.
介词 后加名词，动名词等 The young man made a living by selling newspapers. I had a good time with the familiy.
连词 并列连词：连接平行的词，短语或句子 从属连词：通常引导另一个从句 We need to encourage him as well as give him a hand. The boy is late for school because he stayed up last night.
数词 基数词 序数词表示顺序，意为“第” There are fifty students in our class. He is the first one to arrive at school.
代词 人称代词：I she he we they... 物主代词：my her his our their... 反身代词：myself herself himself ourselves... 指示代词：this these that those She is my best friend. Our school is bigger than theirs. She can look after herself.
冠词 不定冠词：a /an 定冠词：the 零冠词 I have an idea. He is one of the most famous writers in China.
一、短文选词填空
（2023上·上海奉贤·八年级统考校考）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)：
A．instead B．inventions C． especially D．different E. got F. activity
What do you think Americans in the early twentieth century (1900—1925) did on weekends What do they do on weekends now
THEN
Once upon a time, people spent lots of time at home on weekends. Then, new 1 changed the weekend.
● People used electric streetcars to travel in cities. On weekends, they rode the streetcars to parks. Young people liked roller coasters (过山车).
● The first movies lasted only one minute. Soon, however, movies 2 longer. In the 1920s, movie theatres sold millions of tickets each week! In 1927, movies finally had sound. Sometimes, people stayed home 3 and listened to another new invention—the radio.
● People in cities worked indoors during the week, so they wanted to be outdoors on weekends. Bicycling became a popular 4 .
NOW
With more time, money, and inventions people have many more choices.
● They can visit huge parks like Disney World and ride modern roller coasters that go higher and faster than ever before.
● They can choose from lots of 5 movies at a multiplex (a building with many movie theatres) or watch a video at home.
● Many people jog, bicycle, work out at the gym, or play sports. Others turn on their TV and watch sports.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了美国人20世纪初度过周末的情况和现在的情况。
1．句意：然后新发明改变了周末。根据“People used electric streetcars to travel in cities.”，“another new invention—the radio.”和“People in cities worked indoors during the week”，可知是新发明改变了周末，备选词汇“inventions发明”符合语境。故选B。
2．句意：然而，不久，电影变长了。根据“The first movies lasted only one minute”，可知以前电影的时间很短，备选词汇“got变得”符合语境。故选E。
3．句意：有时，人们反而会待在家听另一项发明——收音机。根据“In the 1920s, movie theatres sold millions of tickets each week!”，可知看电影的人很多，但是也会有一些人在家听收音机，备选词汇“instead反而”符合语境。故选A。
4．句意：骑自行车变成了一种流行的活动。根据“a popular ”，可知空处应为可数名词单数，备选词汇“activity活动”符合语境。故选F。
5．句意：他们可以在多功能影院从很多不同的电影中选择，也可以在家看电影。根据“a building with many movie theatres”，可知电影院中有很多可供选择的不同的电影，备选词汇“different不同的”符合语境。故选D。
（2022上·上海闵行·八年级统考期末）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
A．when B．with C． strong D．stay E. babies
People like travelling to Australia. There are many kangaroos in Australia. You can see them everywhere outside the cities and towns (镇). Kangaroos have very 6 legs, so they are very good at jumping. Their tails are very strong, too. So 7 they want to have a rest (休息), they rest on their tails. Kangaroos are very good at looking after their 8 . Mother kangaroos make their babies 9 in their pockets because it is safe and warm.
【答案】6．C 7．A 8．E 9．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了袋鼠的生活习性和外貌特点。
6．句意：袋鼠有非常强壮的腿，所以它们很擅长跳跃。根据空后的“so they are very good at jumping”并结合所给单词可知，应该是袋鼠的腿很强壮，形容词strong意为“强壮的”，故选C。
7．句意：所以当它们想休息时，它们就靠在尾巴上休息，根据空后的“they want to have a rest (休息), they rest on their tails”可知，当袋鼠想休息时，就靠在尾巴上休息，空缺处应该用连词when“当……时”，故选A。
8．句意：袋鼠很擅长照顾它们的宝宝。根据空前的“looking after”以及“Mother kangaroos make their babies”可知，应该是照顾宝宝，babies“宝宝”符合语境，故选E。
9．句意：袋鼠妈妈让它们的宝宝待在口袋里。根据空后的“in their pockets because it is safe and warm”以及常识可知，应该是让袋鼠宝宝待在口袋里，空前的“make”是使役动词，后面接省略to的不定式作宾补，所以空缺处用动词原形stay“待”，故选D。
（2022上·上海闵行·八年级统考期末）
A．well B．why C． what D．countries E. useful
English is spoken as a first language（语言）by most people in the USA, Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. But it is also used in many other 10 . If you go to France（法国）or India, you will use English. It is used by travelers and business（生意）people all over the world（世界）. That’s 11 we are learning English in China. It is one of the most 12 languages because it is used everywhere. If we learn English 13 , we will find that it is both useful and interesting.
【答案】10．D 11．B 12．E 13．A
【导语】本文是篇说明文，主要讲英语在世界其他非母语的国家被广泛使用，是世界通用的语言，告诉我们在中国为什么我们每天都在学英语以及学会后有什么用处。
10．句意：但在许多其他国家也使用英语。前面列举了一些国家如 “USA, Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. ”，根据句意和语境后面说的是其他国家。countries“国家”是country的复数，前面有“many other”修饰，所以用复数。故选D。
11．句意：那就是为什么我们在中国正在学英语的原因。That’s why +从句表示“那就是什么的原因”，固定搭配，符合语境。故选B。
12．句意：它是世界上最有用的语言之一，因为到处都用到。One of the most+形容词＋名词 表示最……的……之一。 选项中useful“有用的”，最高级是most useful，符合语境。故选E。
13．句意：如果我们学好英语，我们会发现它既有用又有趣。修饰动词的用副词，根据句意这里是用来修饰动词learn“学习”的，选项中的well 是副词，表示“好”的意思。符合语境。故选A。
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级统考期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
A．looked like B．science C． found D．received E. information F. slowly G. special
About five years ago, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (大都会艺术博物馆) in the US changed the way we experience with exhibits forever: it stopped asking visitors not to use their cell-phones. The museum made the decision because it 14 that banning (禁止) cell-phones was useless because they were everywhere these days.
As museums 15 accept the presence (存在) of cell-phones, they also start to think about ways that they can work with 16 and technology. One way is to design apps that can provide visitors with more 17 . The Brooklyn Museum, for example, has an app through which visitors can ask the staff questions about artworks in real time.
Virtual reality (虚拟现实), too, is becoming part of the experience of going to museums. The British Museum has experimented with virtual-reality headphones. These 18 headphones make it possible for visitors to explore a Bronze Age (铜器时代) at home, or see what the Parthenon Temple (帕特农神庙) 19 thousands of years ago. People all feel like they are just there.
【答案】14．C 15．F 16．B 17．E 18．G 19．A
【导语】本文主要讲述五年前，美国的大都会艺术博物馆允许游客使用手机，因为它意识到禁止游客携带手机是没有用的。
14．句意：该博物馆做出这一决定是因为它发现禁止使用手机是没有用的，因为它们现在无处不在。根据“it...that banning (禁止) cell-phones was useless because they were everywhere these days.”可知，是它发现禁止使用手机是没有用的；根据“made”可知，此处是一般过去时，因此动词填过去式，found“发现”。故答案为C。
15．句意：随着博物馆慢慢接受手机的存在，他们也开始思考与科技合作的方式。根据“As museums...accept the presence (存在) of cell-phones”可知，此处句子成分完整，因此填副词slowly“缓慢地”。故答案为F。
16．句意：随着博物馆慢慢接受手机的存在，他们也开始思考与科技合作的方式。根据“and technology”可知，表示科学与技术，science“科学”。故答案为B。
17．句意：一种方法是设计能够为访客提供更多信息的应用程序。根据“apps that can provide visitors with more...”可知，这个应用程序能为访客提供更多信息，information“信息”，不可数名词。故答案为E。
18．句意：这些特殊的耳机使游客可以在家里探索青铜时代，或看到帕台农神庙几千年前的样子。根据“The British Museum has experimented with virtual-reality headphones.”可知，这是一种特殊的耳机，special“特殊的”，形容词作定语。故答案为G。
19．句意：这些特殊的耳机使游客可以在家里探索青铜时代，或看到帕台农神庙几千年前的样子。根据“what the Parthenon Temple (帕特农神庙) ...thousands of years ago.”可知，是看帕台农神庙几千年前的样子，look like“看起来像”，时态是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故答案为A。
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级上海民办华二浦东实验学校校考期末）
A．handed B．patiently C． more than D．actually E. heard
A beggar (乞丐) found a purse that someone had dropped in the marketplace. Opening it, he discovered that it contained 100 pieces of gold. Then he 20 a merchant (商人) shout, “A reward (重赏) ! A reward to the one who finds my purse!”
Being an honest man, the beggar came forward and 21 the purse to the merchant, saying, “Here is your purse. May I have the reward now ”
“Reward ” said the merchant, greedily counting his gold. “Why, the purse I dropped had 200 pieces of gold in it. You’ve already stolen 22 the reward! Go away, or I’ll tell the police.”
“I’m an honest man,” said the beggar, “Let us take this matter to the court (法庭).” In the court the judge 23 listened to both sides of the story and said, “The law is fair! Merchant, you said you lost 200 pieces of gold. But, the purse this beggar found had only 100 pieces of gold. Therefore, it couldn’t be the one you lost.” And, with that, the judge gave the purse and all the gold to the beggar.
【答案】20．E 21．A 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个乞丐捡到一个商人的钱包，商人承诺重赏给捡到他钱包的人，但是当乞丐把钱包还给他时，他却说乞丐偷了钱包里的钱，于是乞丐把他告上了法庭，最后法官巧妙地惩罚了商人。
20．句意：然后他听到一个商人喊道：“奖赏！奖赏给捡到我钱包的人！”根据“a merchant (商人) shout”以及所给词可知是听到商人大喊，heard“听到”符合语境。故选E。
21．句意：作为一个诚实的人，乞丐上前把钱包交给了商人。根据“the purse to the merchant”以及所给词可知是把钱包递给商人，handed“递给”。故选A。
22．句意：你偷的钱已经超过了奖励！根据“You’ve already stolen...the reward”以及所给词可知偷的金币比奖励多，more than“多”符合。故选C。
23．句意：在法庭上，法官耐心听取了双方的陈述。根据“listened to both sides of the story”以及所给词可知是耐心听了双方的陈述，patiently“耐心地”符合。故选B。
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级上海民办华二浦东实验学校校考期末）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．living B．danger C． closely D．welcomed E. fighting
Animals can be more like humans than you might think. They have feelings of love, friendship and anger, just like we do. A BBC documentary (纪录片) shows animal relationships in a special way, more 24 than ever before.
Spy in the Wild is a five-episode (五集) documentary. The video team sent 34 robot animals into the wild. These robots look and move like real animals. But they are actually spying (侦察) animals with cameras inside them.
A wild dog was sent to the grasslands of Africa. The dog first bowed to other wild dogs as a way of saying, “I am not a 25 .” This allowed it to be accepted by the group. The robot dog recorded a mother protecting her children: a lion was coming close to her 12 little ones. Suddenly, the mother dog jumped in to draw the beast away. Her children were safe.
The robots and real animals even became friends. A spy monkey became popular with real monkeys after 26 with them for a month. One day, he fell from a tree. All the other monkeys thought he died. They were so sad that they surrounded (围绕) his body. One even hugged their robot friend.
However, not all of the newcomers were 27 . Hippos are fierce protectors of their own land. They hit a spy hippo with their big heads. The spy squirrel was bullied (欺负), too. The real squirrels first stole his food, and then they stole his camera, too.
With the help of the animal spies, the documentary lets us into the heart of the wildlife world. It shows “how like us other animals really are,” director John Downer told the BBC．
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文主要描述了一部纪录片，内容是机器人和野生动物之间的相处。
24．句意：BBC的一部纪录片以一种特殊的方式展现了动物之间的关系，比以往任何时候都更加密切。根据“A BBC documentary (纪录片) shows animal relationships in a special way, more...than ever before.”可知，此处描述动物之间的关系，在句中修饰动词要用副词，备选词closely“密切地”符合语境，故选C。
25．句意：这只狗首先向其他野狗鞠躬表示：“我没有危险。” 不定冠词“a”后面要用单数名词，备选词danger“危险”符合语境，在句中作表语，故选B。
26．句意：一只间谍猴子在与真猴子生活了一个月后，受到了它们的欢迎。“after”是介词，后面要用动名词作宾语，结合“A spy monkey became popular with real monkeys after...with them for a month.”可知，是在一起生活了一个月，备选词living“生活，居住”符合语境，故选A。
27．句意：然而，并不是所有的新人都受到欢迎。此处在句中作表语，结合“However, not all of the newcomers were...”可知，并不是所有的新人都受到欢迎，备选词welcomed“受欢迎的”符合语境，故选D。
（2022上·上海普陀·八年级校联考期末）
A．trouble B．quietly C． stared D．understand E. unusual F. joy
One day a boy called Charles Chaplin was walking 28 along the street in London. It was a cold winter day in 1900. He 29 at the bread and wanted to buy it, but he didn’t have any money. There was something 30 happened that his father had died when he was young.
He and his brother had to work to help their sick mother. Charles was small, sometimes he might be in 31 , but his dream was very big. He wanted to be a great man in the world of the films, so he worked hard to be a good dancer and singer. Later his dream came true.
Even if you don’t 32 English, you can enjoy his films because no words are used in his films.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．E 31．A 32．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了Charles Chaplin的成长经历。
28．句意：一天，一个名叫查尔斯·卓别林的男孩静静地走在伦敦的街上。分析句子结构可知，此句结构完整，所以应填入一个副词，quietly“安静地”符合，故选B。
29．句意：他盯着面包想买，但他没有钱。根据“at the bread”及备选词可知，盯着面包，stared“盯着”符合，故选C。
30．句意：有一件不寻常的事情发生了，他的父亲在他很小的时候就去世了。此空缺少形容词修饰something，unusual“不寻常的”符合，故选E。
31．句意：查尔斯个子矮小，有时他可能会有麻烦。根据“Charles was small, sometimes he might be in”及备选词可知，有的时候会有麻烦，in trouble“处于困难中”，故选A。
32．句意：即使你不懂英语，你也可以欣赏他的电影，因为他的电影里没有文字。根据“Even if you don’t …English”及备选词可知，此处指即使不懂英语，understand“理解”符合，故选D。
（2022上·上海金山·八年级校联考期末）
A．looks like B．near C． because D．spaceship E. costs F. takes
The moon is the nearest neighbour in space. It is our satellite (卫星) and men have visited it already. It is smaller than the earth. Plants can’t grow on the moon 33 there is no air or water on it.
The moon doesn’t have its own light. It shines back the light of the sun. When the sun is shining on the side of the moon which faces us, it 34 a great ball. We can’t see the other side of the moon. Because that side never faces the earth.
In fact, the moon isn’t as 35 as it looks. It is three hundred and eighty thousand kilometres away from the earth. Of course we can fly to the moon in a 36 . A spaceship flies very, very fast, and it flies at about eleven kilometres a second. So it only 37 more than three days to get there by spaceship.
【答案】33．C 34．A 35．B 36．D 37．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了月球的情况。
33．句意：植物不能在月球上生长，因为月球上没有空气或水。结合“Plants can’t grow on the moon...there is no air or water on it.”和备选词汇可知“because因为”符合语境，因前后两句为因果关系，because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
34．句意：当太阳照射在月球面向我们的一侧时，它看起来就像一个大球。结合“When the sun is shining on the side of the moon which faces us, it...a great ball.”和备选词汇可知“looks like看起来像……”符合语境，it为主语，时态是一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
35．句意：事实上，月球并不像看起来那么近。结合“In fact, the moon isn’t as...as it looks. It is three hundred and eighty thousand kilometres away from the earth.”和备选词汇可知“near近的，形容词”符合语境，月球离我们三十八万公里，离我们不如看起来的近，not+as+形容词原级+as表示“……不如……”。故选B。
36．句意：当然，我们可以乘坐宇宙飞船飞往月球。结合“Of course we can fly to the moon in a... A spaceship flies very, very fast, and it flies at about eleven kilometres a second.”和备选词汇可知“spaceship宇宙飞船”符合语境，宇宙飞船飞的非常快，我们可以乘坐宇宙飞船去月球，不定冠词a后接首字母发音为辅音音素的可数名词单数形式。故选D。
37．句意：所以乘坐宇宙飞船只需要花费三天多的时间到达那里。结合“So it only...more than three days to get there by spaceship.”和备选词汇可知“takes花费（时间），动词第三人称单数形式”符合语境，It takes sb some time to do sth.表示“花费某人（多长）时间做某事”，“...more than three days ”应为花费三天多时间。故选F。
（2022上·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）
A．hometown B．intelligent C． quickly D．shocked E. abroad
A young prince had just recently become king. In order to rule his country, he was determined to learn all the wisdom of the world. Therefore, he gathered all the wise men from his country and 38 and ordered them to look for books for him to read and learn from. Five years passed 39 . The wise men returned with their camels, carrying 5,000 books full of wisdom. Seeing so many books, the king was so 40 that he didn’t know how to start. So he ordered the wise men to condense (精简) the books and bring them back to him. Another five years passed. The 41 men again went to see the king, this time bringing 500 books, but the king still thought there were too many. He never took interest in the real wisdom and his country was destroyed.
【答案】38．E 39．C 40．D 41．B
【导语】本文讲述了一位年轻的国王想学习世上真正的智慧，智者们劝他多读书，他最终没能坚持看书学习，国家也覆灭了。
38．句意：因此，他召集了国内外所有的智者，命令他们寻找书籍，供他阅读和学习。根据“from his country and”可知备选词汇abroad可构成“from his country and abroad”表示“国内外”。故填E。
39．句意：五年很快就过去了。passed为动词，应用副词修饰。备选词汇quickly符合语境。故填C。
40．句意：看到这么多书，国王非常震惊，不知道该怎么开始。根据“the king was so…that he didn’t know how to start”可知此处应填入形容词。备选词汇shocked符合语境。故填D。
41．句意：那些智者再次去见国王，这次带了500本书，但国王仍然认为书太多了。men为名词，此处应用形容词修饰。根据上文“The wise men returned with their camels, carrying 5,000 books full of wisdom.”可知，此处这个男人就是上文提到的“The wise men”，应用备选词汇intelligent来修饰。故填B。
（2022上·上海奉贤·八年级统考期末）将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语限填写一次。
A．feel B．useful C． between D．make E. take part in
Alice is a Chinese-American student. She has found many differences of values 42 Chinese and Americans.
About money
The American children love to 43 money by themselves. Chinese children always ask their parents for money. American parents don’t think it is 44 to send their children to an expensive university. Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to good universities even if it could make them very poor.
About school
Many American girls take part in sports, dancing and singing groups. Many Chinese girls 45 academic (学术的) activities. American students usually feel happy when they get a “B” in an exam. Chinese students feel sad when they get a “B”.
【答案】42．C 43．D 44．B 45．E
【导语】本文讲了爱丽丝发现中国人和美国人的价值观有很多不同，并详细地介绍了关于金钱和学校的看法。
42．句意：她发现了中美两国价值观的许多不同之处。根据“Chinese and Americans”可知指的是中美两国之间的价值观，between...and...意为“在……之间”。故选C。
43．句意：美国孩子喜欢自己挣钱。根据“money by themselves”可知指的是make money“赚钱”，故选D。
44．句意：美国父母认为把孩子送进昂贵的大学没什么用。根据“Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to good universities even if it could make them very poor.”（中国父母会想尽一切办法把孩子送到好的大学，即使这会让他们很穷），可知是两国对学校的看法。且分析“it is…to send their children to an expensive university”可知空处应填形容词，结合备选词可填useful“有用的”，故选B。
45．句意：许多中国女孩参加学术活动。根据“Many American girls take part in sports, dancing and singing groups.”（许多美国女孩参加体育、舞蹈和歌唱团体。）可知此处指的是参加学术活动，take part in意为“参加”。故选E。
（2023上·上海浦东新·八年级上海市实验学校校考校考）
A．busy B．collected C． repaired D．warm E. wet
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests.
Before the rainy season arrived, all the animals of the jungle 46 their homes. The birds also made their homes safer.
“We should also store some food for our children,” said one of the birds. And they 47 food until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves 48 preparing for the tough times.
Soon it began to rain. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey came into the forest. He sat on a branch, 49 and cold. But the tree leaves were not enough to save him from the rain. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
A．advice B．happy C． helpless D．situation E. sorry
The birds were watching all this. They felt 50 for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.” Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had done the same, you would not be in this sad 51 .”
“How dare you tell me what to do ” said the monkey angrily. It climbed up the tree, tore the bird’s nest and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were 52 . The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good 53 . It is better not to advise them.”
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．A 49．E 50．E 51．D 52．C 53．A
【导语】本文讲述了鸟儿们为雨季的到来做了充足的准备，而一只猴子没有准备只好淋雨；鸟儿们建议猴子应早些作准备，猴子却恼羞成怒，破坏了鸟巢。这个故事告诉我们：愚蠢者从不重视好的建议，所以不要给他们忠告。
46．句意：在雨季到来之前，丛林里所有的动物都修复了自己的家园。根据下文“The birds also made their homes safer.”可知，此处是指丛林所有的动物让它们的家在雨季到来之前更安全；结合备选词汇，C项“修理”符合语境。故选C。
47．句意：它们收集食物，直到它们有足够的食物来度过雨季。根据上文“…store some food…”和下文“they had enough to see them through the rainy season”可知，在雨季来临之前，动物们必须寻找、收集、储存足够的食物来度过雨季；选项B“收集”符合语境。故选B。
48．句意：它们忙着为艰难时期做准备。根据“…kept themselves … preparing …”可知，此处是指在雨季来临之前，动物们忙于准备食物；选项A“忙于”符合语境，be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做……”。故选A。
49．句意：它坐在一根树枝上，又湿又冷。由语境可知，下雨了，猴子没有家，只能淋着雨，全身湿透了。选项E“湿的”符合语境。故选E。
50．句意：它们为猴子感到难过，但它们也无能为力。由“…felt…for…”和结合备选词汇可知，此处考查短语feel sorry for, 意为“为……难过”。故选E。
51．句意：如果你做了同样的事，你就不会有现在这样悲伤的处境了。分析句子可知此处应填一个名词，结合语境和备选词汇，situation“情况，处境”符合语境。故选D。
52．句意：这只鸟和它的孩子们束手无策。分析句子结构，此处应填一个形容词作表语；结合备选词汇和语境，猴子爬上树，破坏了鸟儿的家，鸟儿和孩子们应该是束手无策，无可奈何；helpless“无助的”符合语境。故选C。
53．句意：傻瓜从不重视好的建议。根据下文“It is better not to advise them.”可知此处是指不要给傻瓜们提建议；选项A“建议”符合语境。故选A。
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级上海市徐汇中学校考期末）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
A．asleep B．all the time C． before D．crying E. looked like F. laughing G. continued
When I was ten, my mother worked all day, so I had to take care of my younger brother. At that time, my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum 54 .
One day, after I had given him his dinner, he started 55 for mum. He was so young and really needed mum. So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. Soon he fell 56 . About half an hour later, I found that he had lost a shoe while sleeping. I took him off my back and put him down I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn’t afford (负担不起)new shoes. I had to go back to find it, so I told my brother to wait right there. A man heard it and stopped me just 57 walked off. He asked me. “You are leaving your brother here to find the shoe What would you do if he is not here when you return ” I didn’t know how to answer that question. He 58 , “It’s OK if you can’t find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother.” Then he sent us to mum’s workplace by taxi.
During my whole life I have depended on the kindness of many strangers, I feel sorry that I can’t find them and say “thank you”. I do not even remember what their faces 59 but they taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.
【答案】54．B 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．G 59．E
【导语】本文主要是作者通过想要去帮助弟弟找鞋子的经历告诉我们：人比物重要。
54．句意：那时，我的小弟弟大约四岁，他一直想念妈妈。根据“my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum”结合备选词汇可知，弟弟一直想念妈妈，all the time“一直”符合语境，故选B。
55．句意：有一天，在我给他吃完晚饭后，他开始哭着要妈妈。根据“He was so young and really needed mum”结合备选词汇可知，弟弟开始哭着要妈妈，start doing sth“开始做某事”，crying“哭”，故选D。
56．句意：不久他就睡着了。根据“while sleeping”可知，弟弟不久就睡着了，fall asleep“睡着”，故选A。
57．句意：一个男人听到了，就在我走之前拦住了我。根据“A man heard it and stopped me just”和“walked off”可知，一个男人听到了，就在作者走之前拦住了作者，句子是before“在……之前”引导的时间状语从句，故选C。
58．句意：他继续说道：“如果你找不到那只鞋也没关系，但是失去你的弟弟就不好了。”根据“It’s OK if you can’t find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother.”结合备选词汇可知，男人继续说道，continued“继续”符合语境，故选G。
59．句意：我甚至不记得他们的脸是什么样子，但他们给我上了一课——人比物更重要。根据“I do not even remember what their faces”可知，作者不记得他们的脸是什么样子，look like“看起来像”符合语境，故选E。
（2023上·上海松江·八年级校考校考）
A．only B．name C． around D．send E. before
In the 1950s and 1960s, Russia and America were both very interested in space exploration. Each country wanted to be the first to 60 a man to the Moon.
In 1957, Russia sent the first satellite into space. The 61 of the satellite was Sputnik. It was 62 as long as a basketball, but it was the start of the space race! In 1959, the Russian sent a spacecraft to the Moon. Its name was Luna3. It went 63 the Moon and took photographs, but it didn’t land on the Moon. There weren’t any astronauts on Luna3.
A．wish B．safely C． heart D．before E. real
In March 1961, the Russians sent an astronaut called Ivan into space. He wasn’t a 64 person—he was only a toy. The Russians wanted to test the spacecraft and the astronaut’s spacesuit 65 they sent a real person into space. Ivan returned to the Earth 66 . (He’s now in a museum, and he’s still wearing his spacesuit!) In April 1961, the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to travel into space and go around the Earth.
A month after Gagarin’s flight, President Kennedy of the USA made a famous speech. He wanted an American astronaut to walk on the Moon, and return to the Earth, before the end of the 1960s. When he made the speech in May 1961, Russia was ahead in the space race. However, winning was very important to the Americans. They spent a lot of money on new spacecraft. In July 1969, Kennedy’s 67 came true. Two American astronauts walked on the Moon. Their names were Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.
【答案】60．D 61．B 62．A 63．C 64．E 65．D 66．B 67．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国和俄罗斯的太空探索的进程。
60．句意：每个国家都想成为第一个送人上月球的国家。根据短语send sb to sp“送某人到某地”，结合所给单词，此空填动词原形send 。故选D。
61．句意：卫星的名字叫Sputnik。根据“Sputnik”可知，这是一个卫星的名称，结合所给单词，此空填名词name“名字”作主语。故选B。
62．句意：它仅仅就和篮球一样长，但它是太空竞赛的开始。根据“but”表转折可知，此处应该是指卫星尺寸不大，结合所给单词，此空填only“仅仅” 。故选A。
63．句意：它绕着月球拍照，但没有降落在月球上。根据“but it didn’t land on the Moon.”可知，它只是绕着月球拍照，根据固定搭配go around“围绕……运转”，结合所给单词，此空填around。故选C。
64．句意：他不是一个真人，只是一个玩具。根据“he was only a toy.”可知，他不是一个真人，结合所给单词，此空填形容词real“真的”。故选E。
65．句意：俄罗斯人想在将一个真实的人送入太空之前，先对航天器和宇航员的太空服进行测试。根据上文“the Russians sent an astronaut called Ivan into space.”可知，俄罗斯人先把这个玩具人送入太空的目的是对航天器和宇航员的太空服进行测试，以保证真人的安全，结合所给单词，此空填连词before。故选D。
66．句意：Ivan安全返回地球。根据“Ivan returned to the Earth…”可知，此空填副词safely修饰动词returned，表示“安全返回”。故选B。
67．句意：在1969年7月，Kennedy的希望成真。根据“He wanted an American astronaut to walk on the Moon, and return to the Earth”和“Two American astronauts walked on the Moon.”可知，Kennedy希望美国宇航员能在月球上行走的梦想成真了，结合所给单词，此空填名词wish作主语。故选A。
（2023上·上海静安·八年级上海市回民中学校考校考）
A．feel sorry for B．careful C． unnecessary D．quickly E. name F. number
A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery (彩票). It changed his life. He did not have much money. Actually, the money he got from the company was very little. Sometimes Al even had to accept gifts from his family and friends. He was always very 68 with the money he spent. In fact, he did not like to waste money.
One day, Al paid a few dollars for a lottery ticket. He didn’t think it would bring him a lot of money unexpectedly. However, his 69 was chosen and he won a great deal of money.
Al was so excited. The first thing he did was to buy a very expensive new car. Then he started spending money on 70 things. He started to waste it. It was like he had more money than he needed and it was burning a hole in his pocket so he spent it 71 .
When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time. But, Al spent too much money. Soon my friend had no money left. He had not saved any of the money.
I admit (承认) I 72 my friend. He had enough money to live like a king. Instead, he was back to being poor. He was wise about small things, but not about important things.
【答案】68．B 69．F 70．C 71．D 72．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的朋友艾尔中奖之后过度挥霍，不会理财，最后又回到了没有钱的日子的故事。
68．句意：他花钱总是很仔细。根据上文“Actually, the money he got from the company was very little. Sometimes Al even had to accept gifts from his family and friends.”和参考词汇可知，艾尔挣得不多，有时候甚至不得不接受来自朋友和家人的礼物，可推测此处是他花钱总是很仔细，was后需填形容词，作表语，形容词careful“仔细的”符合语境。故选B。
69．句意：然而，他的号码被选中了，他赢得了一大笔钱。根据上文“One day, Al paid a few dollars for a lottery ticket.”和参考词汇可知，艾尔买了一张彩票，彩票上有自选号码，可推测此处是他的号码被选中了，句子缺少主语，形容词性物主代词his后需填名词，名词number“号码”符合语境。故选F。
70．句意：然后他开始把钱花在不必要的事情上。根据下文“He started to waste it.”和参考词汇可知，他开始浪费钱，可推测此处是他开始把钱花在不必要的事情上，things前需填形容词，作定语，形容词unnecessary“不必要的”符合语境。故选C。
71．句意：这就像他手头的钱比他需要的还多，而且它正在他的口袋里烧了一个洞，所以他很快就花掉了。根据上文“He started to waste it.”和参考词汇可知，他开始浪费钱，可推测此是他很快就把这些钱花掉了，空处需填副词，修饰spent，副词quickly“很快地”符合语境。故选D。
72．句意：我承认我为我的朋友感到难过。根据上文“Soon my friend had no money left. He had not saved any of the money.”和参考词汇可知，很快我的朋友没钱了，他没存下一分钱，可推测此处是我为我的朋友感到难过，句子缺少谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语为I，动词用原形，feel sorry for sb表示“为某人感到难过”。故选A。
（2023上·上海浦东新·八年级校联考校考）
A．satisfy B．hungry C． needs D．likely E.depends on F. motivation
A person’s motivation（动机) is a combination of desire and energy directed at achieving a goal. Influencing someone’s motivation means getting him or her to want to do what you know must be done. A person’s motivation 73 two things.
One is the strength of certain needs. For example, you are 74 , but you must have a task completed by a nearing deadline. If you are starving, you will eat. If you are slightly hungry, you will finish the task at hand.
The other is the perception (感觉）that taking a certain action will help 75 . For example, you have two burning 76 —the desire to complete the task and the desire to go to lunch. Your perception of how you view those two needs will determine which one takes priority. If you believe that you could be fired for not completing the task, you will probably put off lunch and complete the task. If you believe that you will not get into trouble or perhaps finish the task in time, then you will be more 77 to go to lunch.
【答案】73．E 74．B 75．A 76．C 77．D
【导语】本文介绍了影响一个人的动机的两个因素：一是某些需求的力量；另一种是认为采取某种行动将有助于满足这些需求。
73．句意：一个人的动机是欲望和能量的结合，旨在实现一个目标。分析句子结构，主语“A person’s motivation”为第三人称单数，句子应采用一般现在时，谓语用动词的三单形式。备选词汇depends on符合语境。故选E。
74． 句意：例如，你很饿，但你必须在临近的最后期限前完成一项任务。根据下一句“If you are starving, you will eat. If you are slightly hungry, you will finish the task at hand.”可知，此处指的是你在饥饿的情况下，还得去完成任务。be动词“are”后接形容词作表语。备选词汇hungry“饥饿的”符合语境。故选B。
75．句意：另一种感觉是认为采取某种行动将有助于满足这些需求。动词“help”后可接省略to的不定式作宾语，即填入动词原形。根据“those needs”可知备选词汇“satisfy”可构成动词短语satisfy one’s needs表示“满足某人的需求”。故选A。
76．句意：例如，你有两个迫切的需求：完成任务的愿望和去吃午饭的愿望。基数词“two”后接复数名词。根据“the desire to complete the task and the desire to go to lunch”可知这两个是需求，备选词汇“needs”符合语境。故选C。
77．句意：如果你相信自己不会遇到麻烦，或者可能不会及时完成任务，那么你就更有可能去吃午饭。根据“be more…to go to lunch”可知，此处可用形容词短语be likely to do sth表示“可能做某事”，备选词汇“likely”符合语境。故选D。
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级统考阶段练习）将下列单词或词组前的字母填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．used B．In addition C． own D．For example E. meanings
A national flower represents the culture of a country. More than 100 countries have their 78 national flowers. 79 , the rose is the national flower of the U.S. and the U.K.
In Chinese culture, many flowers have been given cultural 80 . In ancient Chinese poems, flowers were often 81 to represent the different personalities of people. Therefore, the choosing of a national flower has always been very important to the Chinese people.
A．at last B．wealth C． instead D．originated E. symbol
In 2019, a vote was carried out to choose China’s national flower. The peony (牡丹) won 82 . After the vote, many Chinese netizens were surprised. They thought the peony had long been the national flower of China. The peony 83 in China. It was seen as a 84 of the country during the Tang dynasty. In Chinese culture, the peony represents 85 and happiness. It can also be used to make medicine.
【答案】78．C 79．D 80．E 81．A 82．A 83．D 84．E 85．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了国花是代表国家文化的花。世界上大部分的国家都有自己的国花，玫瑰是英国和美国的国花，牡丹是中国的国花。
78．句意：100多个国家都有自己的国花。根据“their…”可知，此处表示“他们自己的”，own“自己的”符合题意。故选C。
79．句意：例如，玫瑰是美国和英国的国花。根据“the rose is the national flower of the U.S. and the U.K.”可知，此处是在举例，For example符合题意。故选D。
80．句意：在中国文化中，许多花都被赋予了文化意义。根据“In ancient Chinese poems, flowers were often…to represent the different personalities of people.”可知，许多花都被赋予了文化意义。故选E。
81．句意：在中国古代诗歌中，花经常被用来代表人们的不同性格。根据“flowers were often…to represent the different personalities of people”可知，花经常被用来代表人们的不同性格，used符合题意。故选A。
82．句意：牡丹最后赢了。根据“In 2019, a vote was carried out to choose China’s national flower.”可知，牡丹最后赢了。故选A。
83．句意：牡丹原产于中国。根据“in China”可知，此处表示“牡丹原产于中国”。故选D。
84．句意：在唐朝，它被视为国家的象征。a symbol of“……的象征”。故选E。
85．句意：在中国文化中，牡丹代表财富和幸福。根据“In Chinese culture, the peony represents…and happiness”可知，此空应该填一个名词，wealth“财富”符合题意。故选B。
（2022上·上海杨浦·八年级统考期末）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次：
A．special B．difficult C． also D．still
E. country F. decided to G. clearer H. called
Walt Whitman is one of the world’s most famous poets. What is 86 about his writing is that he usually doesn’t rhyme, yet he can 87 make a poem just as well.
Walt Whitman once wrote a poem so strange that no publisher (出版商) would publish it, but that didn’t stop Walt. He 88 publish that poem and others himself. In 1885, he published his own volume of 12 poems. He 89 the book Leaves of Grass. As he revised (修订) and enlarged the book, Whitman’s goal as the nation’s poet became 90 . Leaves of Grass is actually a poem in progress, with each representing (表现) an usual period in the poet’s life and his 91 as well.
As a poet who passionately sang of life and himself, Whitman is today called one of the few truly great American men of letters.
【答案】86．A 87．D 88．F 89．H 90．G 91．E
【分析】本文介绍了沃尔特·惠特曼是世界上最著名的诗人之一。他写作的特别之处在于，他通常不押韵，但他仍然可以把诗写得一样好。
86．句意：他写作的特别之处在于，他通常不押韵，但他仍然可以把诗写得一样好。根据“What is...about his writing is that he usually doesn’t rhyme, yet he can...make a poem just as well.”结合结合备选词汇可知此处是指他写作的特别之处在于，他通常不押韵，special“特殊的”，是形容词，符合句意，故选A。
87．句意：他写作的特别之处在于，他通常不押韵，但他仍然可以把诗写得一样好。根据“ he usually doesn’t rhyme, yet he can...make a poem just as well.”结合备选词汇可知此处是指他仍然可以把诗写得一样好，still“仍然”，是副词，符合句意，故选D。
88．句意：他决定自己出版那首诗和其他诗。根据“no publisher (出版商) would publish it, but that didn’t stop Walt. He...publish that poem and others himself”结合备选词汇可知此处是指因为没有人帮他出版，他决定自己出版，decided to“决定”，符合句意，故选F。
89．句意：他把这本书叫做《草叶集》。根据“In 1885, he published his own volume of 12 poems. He...the book Leaves of Grass”结合备选词汇可知此处是指他把这本书叫做《草叶集》，called“称为”，符合句意，故选H。
90．句意：在修改和扩充这本书的过程中，惠特曼作为美国诗人的目标变得更加明确。根据“As he revised ( 修 订 ) and enlarged the book, Whitman’s goal as the nation’s poet became...”结合备选词汇可知此处是指目标变得更加明确，clearer“更加明确”，符合句意，故选G。
91．句意：《草叶集》实际上是一首创作中的诗，每一首都代表了诗人生活中的一个时期，也代表了他的国家。根据“Leaves of Grass is actually a poem in progress, with each representing (表现) an usual period in the poet’s life and his...as well.”结合备选词汇可知此处是指代表了他的国家，country“国家”，符合句意，故选E。
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级校考期末）
A．worst B．cost C． serious D．pleasant E. owner F. best
Today, football players are asked to stop spitting because kids are copying them on the streets.
The coach of the Manchester United, Alex Ferguson, has this bad habit. He always spits out his gum after matches. People think he is not a 92 hero for the children.
The football fans said, it was the 93 thing they saw on the field— one player was spitting at another player.
Children always copy their favourite football players. They also copy them by spitting gum (口香糖) on the streets. It has become a very 94 problem in England now. Gum is all over the streets.
Alan Woods — the 95 of the organization said, “It is not just terrible for people to see the gum everywhere— It has a 96 . It has to be cleaned up.”
For children, they should know the football stars do well at playing football. It doesn’t mean the stars do well in everything. Copying everything from them is not good. Children should know what is right and what is wrong. What do you think
【答案】92．D 93．A 94．C 95．E 96．B
【导语】本文讲述足球运动员被要求停止吐口香糖，因为孩子们在模仿他们，但吐口香糖也被模仿，现在英国到处都是口香糖，必须清理。孩子们应该知道什么是对的，什么是错的。
92．句意：人们认为他对于孩子们来说不是一个礼貌而友善的人。根据上文“He always spits out his gum after matches.”可知，他总是在比赛后吐口香糖，结合备选词汇可知他不是一个礼貌而友善的人，形容词pleasant“礼貌而友善的”符合语境。故选D。
93．句意：球迷们说，这是他们在球场上看到的最糟糕的事情——一名球员向另一名球员吐口香糖。根据“one player was spitting at another player”可知，吐口香糖是糟糕的事，形容词worst“最糟的”符合语境，在句中作定语。故选A。
94．句意：现在它在英国已经成为一个非常严重的问题。根据下文“Gum is all over the streets.”可知，口香糖被吐得到处都是，所以吐口香糖已经成为了严重的问题，形容词serious“严重的”符合语境，在句中作定语。故选C。
95．句意：该组织的负责人Alan Woods说：“人们看到到处都是口香糖，这不仅很可怕，而且是有代价的。它必须被清理。”根据“of the organization”和备选词汇可知，此处指组织的所有人，应用名词owner“所有人”。故选E。
96．句意：该组织的负责人Alan Woods说：“人们看到到处都是口香糖，这不仅很可怕，而且是有代价的。它必须被清理。”根据下文“It has to be cleaned up.”可知，清理口香糖需要付出努力和时间，这可以被视为一种代价或成本。名词cost“代价”符合语境。故选B。
（2022上·上海黄浦·八年级统考阶段练习） Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。)
A．similar to B．places C． keen on D．level E. break F. low
Girls in my primary school were 97 rubber band skipping(跳皮筋). We played at school during the 98 or in my neighbourhood in the afternoons. We never got tired of it because we had such a good time.
Rubber band skipping was a 99 cost game. We only needed some rubber bands. When we got three people together, we could start our game. Two players, one in each corner, held a rubber band and the rest played. If one of the players lost, she had to change 100 with one of the girls who was holding the rubber band. As the game went on, the 101 of jumping got higher and higher. A player started by jumping the rubber band at ankle (脚踝). Then it was raised to the middle of the leg, then to the knees, the hips, the waist (腰部), the chest, the shoulders, the neck, and the head.
【答案】97．C 98．E 99．F 100．B 101．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了女孩们常玩的一个游戏——跳皮筋。
97．句意：我小学里的女孩们都热衷于跳皮筋。根据“We played at school during the...or in my neighbourhood in the afternoons.”可知，女孩们很喜欢跳皮筋，结合备选词汇，C选项keen on表示“喜爱，热衷于”，符合语境，故选C。
98．句意：我们在学校的休息时间玩儿或者下午在街区玩儿。根据“We played at school”可知，在学校时，休息时间才能玩儿，E选项break“课间休息”符合语境，故选E。
99．句意：跳皮筋是一个低成本的游戏。根据“We only needed some rubber bands.”可知，这个游戏只需要一些皮筋，成本很低，F选项low“低的”符合语境，故选F。
100．句意：如果一个玩家输了，她必须与其中一个撑皮筋的女孩换位置。根据常识可知，跳皮筋的人如果输了，要去撑皮筋，即与别的女孩换位置，B选项places表示“位置”，故选B。
101．句意：随着游戏的进行，跳的高度会越来越高。根据“A player started by... the neck, and the head.”可知，跳皮筋会从最低脚踝开始，逐渐上升高度，一直到脖子，再到头，D选项level表示“水平”，此处可指皮筋的高度和跳的难度，故选D。
（2022上·上海虹口·八年级上外附中校考期末）
compete reduce protect various science recommend annually whale value creation
The definition of 102 in the dictionary is “the practice or industry of hunting and killing whales for their oil, meat, or whalebone.” This industry has greatly increased in the past century, making it a highly 103 business and slowly making the whales a dying species.
People hunt whales because every part of the whale is useful. Meat, skin, blubber, and organs contain a 104 of nutrients, such as protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Whale oil and baleen (sometimes called whalebone, although it’s not bone at all) are also 105 . Technological developments since the mid-nineteenth century have increased their kill. For example, the steamboat and floating factory ships are responsible for bringing about a dramatic 106 in whale population.
Countries all over the world have been paying more and more attention to the 107 of whale populations. Lots of efforts have been made to protect whales.The International Whaling Commission (IWC) was 108 in 1946 to protect these creatures. The IWC encourages, funds whale research and publishes the results of these and other 109 research. The IWC has three committees (委员会) to assist it in performing these functions. The Scientific Committee analyzes data on whales and makes its 110 to the Technical Committee. The Technical Committee drafts rules for consideration by the IWC at its 111 meetings. The Finance and Administration Committee oversees the entire IWC．
【答案】
102．whaling 103．competitive 104．variety 105．valuable 106．reduction 107．protection 108．created 109．scientific 110．recommendations 111．annual
【导语】本文介绍了鲸鱼数量减少的原因以及如何保护鲸鱼。
102．句意：字典中对捕鲸的定义是“为获取鲸鱼的油、肉或鲸骨而捕杀鲸鱼的做法或行业。”根据“the practice or industry of hunting and killing whales for their oil, meat, or whalebone.”可知，这里是字典中对捕鲸的定义，whale意为“捕鲸”，动词，介词of后跟动名词。故填whaling。
103．句意：在过去的一个世纪里，这个行业有了很大的发展，使其成为一个竞争激烈的行业，并慢慢地使鲸鱼成为濒临灭绝的物种。根据“and slowly making the whales a dying species.”可知，这里指竞争激烈的行业，compete意为“竞争”，动词；这里用形容词competitive，意为“竞争的”，作定语。故填competitive。
104．句意：肉、皮肤、鲸脂和器官含有多种营养素，如蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质。根据“such as protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals.”可知，这里指多种营养素，various意为“各种各样的”，形容词；这里需用名词variety，意为“不同种类”， a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。
105．句意：鲸油和鲸须（有时被称为鲸骨，虽然它根本不是骨头）也很有价值。根据“Whale oil and baleen”可知，这些都是有价值的东西，value意为“价值”，名词；这里用形容词valuable，意为“有价值的”，作表语。故填valuable。
106．句意：例如，汽船和浮式工厂船导致鲸鱼数量急剧减少。根据“bringing about a dramatic…in whale population.”可知，这里指鲸鱼数量急剧减少，reduce意为“减少”，动词；这里需用名词reduction，意为“减少”。故填reduction。
107．句意：世界各国越来越重视保护鲸鱼种群。根据“have been paying more and more attention to the…of whale populations.”可知，这里指保护鲸鱼种群，protect 意为“保护”，动词；这里需用名词protection，意为“保护”。故填protection。
108．句意：国际捕鲸委员会（IWC）成立于1946年，旨在保护这些生物。根据“The International Whaling Commission (IWC) was…in 1946”可知，这里指国际捕鲸委员会的成立， creation意为“创建”，名词；这里需用动词的过去分词created，指被成立于1946年。故填created。
109．句意：国际捕鲸委员会鼓励、资助鲸鱼研究，并公布这些和其他科学研究的结果。根据“publishes the results of these and other…research.”可知，这里指公布这些和其他科学研究的结果，science意为“科学”，名词；这里需用形容词scientific，意为“科学的”，作定语。故填scientific。
110．句意：科学委员会分析鲸鱼的数据，并向技术委员会提出建议。根据“makes its…to the Technical Committee.”可知，这里指向技术委员会提出建议，recommend 意为“建议”，动词；这里需用名词复数recommendations，意为“建议”。故填recommendations。
111．句意：技术委员会起草规则，供国际捕鲸委员会年度会议审议。根据“by the IWC at its…meetings.”可知，这里指每年的会议，annually意为“一年一次地”，副词；这里需用形容词annual，意为“年度的”，作定语。故填annual。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题08 选词填空技巧及进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇
·模块一 选词填空技巧
·模块二 选词填空进阶练（最新名校期末）20篇
(有做题的方法，也需要语感，平时背得熟练，一眼就看出来答案)
1.考查角度：
1）动词常考时态和搭配
2）名词常考单复数
3）形容词常考变为副词、比较级、最高级
词性的变化
常见名词的后缀
1.tion
pollute---- pollution invent--- invention
2.ness
happy---- happiness sad--- sadness
3.ment
develop--- development encourage---- encouragement
t结尾的形容词,把t变为 ce，转为名词
important--- importance silent--- silence patient--- patience
职业常见后缀
er
teach---teacher work--- worker
Or
act--- actor invent--- inventot
ist
tour---- tourist science--- scientist
ian
music-- musician magic--- magician
2.解题步骤：
(1) 先浏览所给的选词；
(2) 通读全文，了解大意，结合文章，把选词放进去，看意思前后是否连贯；
(3 ) 如果对选词的意思不明确，可以判断空格上缺少的词性，从备选项中进行排除；
(4 ) 完成后，要阅读全文，检查是否出现错误，以防出现一个错误，很大可能会牵涉到另一个错误，所以检查尤为重要。
3.解题技巧：
1）把方框里的词都填上相应的词性，名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词，连词，情态动词等。
2）分析每个句子中所需要的句子成分，主语，谓语动词，宾语，表语，状语，定语，补语等。
基本句子结构：主谓宾，主谓，主系表结构。
I met friend last week.
He left. He has left.
They get so tall.
We are happy.
定状补
定语修饰名词或者代词，定语种类也比较多，简单举例说明一下：
She is a kind girl.
These teenagers from Japan are his friends.
I need your help.
The smiling girl is my daughter.
There is an apple tree there.
He is the earliest student to come here.
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件等。一般是副词，介词短语，状语从句等充当。
He speaks quickly.
I will meet you in front of the cinema.
They always hang out on the weekend.
He studies hard to get a good grade.
I didn’t go out because the weather wasn’t good.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
补语：不定式(to do) 名词 形容词 副词 现在分词
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
I name my dog Pit.我叫我的狗Pit。
I found the classroom empty.我发现教室里空无一人。
I found him lying in bed, sleeping.我发现他躺在床上,睡着了。
We hear him singing in the hall.我们听到他在大厅里唱歌。
词性和句子成分的关系：
名词一般做句子中的主语，宾语（谓语动词或者介词之后），表语（系动词之后），定语（修饰名词）
My teacher is a tall woman. She likes fruits. There is an apple tree in her yard.
名词有单数和复数形式，一般单数形式前面有a/an/one等，名词复数形式一般是以s,es结尾，还有个别是不规则的形式。
动词做句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词形式，谓语动词的形式会随着时态的变化有现在分词，过去分词，非谓语动词有to do不定式，doing，省略to do不定式里的to等变化形式，需要平时的积累。
He likes reading Mo Yan’s novels.
They were speaking when their teacher came in.
I enjoy reading in the rainy days.
另外: 动词的现在分词和过去分词还可以做定语，我们主要熟悉常用的那些就可以了swimming pool waiting room fallen leaves
情态动词后面接动词的原形，共同构成句子的谓语动词。can could must may might shall should will would等
I can do it myself.
形容词 做定语，表语等
They are very interesting.
He is an interesting boy.
副词修饰动词，形容词和其他副词.
He runs quickly.
He runs very quickly.
He is so funny.
介词不能单独使用，介词后面接名词，代词的宾格形式以及动名词.介词也需要在平时背书的时候多积累。
I can’t stop him from eating too much.
It is good _____ our health.
He is very strict _______his son.
连词后面接的是句子。
He is the boy who I like very much.
I will visit you if I have time next week.
代词有人称代词（he），指示代词(this)，复合不定代词(something)等。
He is my father.
I saw her just now.
There is something wrong with the car.
人称代词有主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词，反身代词等。主格做主语，宾格放在动词和介词的后面，形容词性物主代词后面一定要接名词，其他的代词后面不能接名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词，所以就相当于一个名词了。
关于各个人称的主宾格整理出来。？？？？？？？
指示代词：this that后面要加上名词的单数形式，these，those后面要接复数形式
3）当需要填的词性有几个选择时，应该根据各词性的形式和意思来判断。形式：名词单复数，动词的原形和过去式等等。
4）当主要的成分都不缺失时，试着把介词短语或者副词放进去看看。
5）如果做题时遇到了不会标注的词性，不用介意，就试着回想一下这个单词或词组以前怎么用的。
6）最重要的是把单词背下来意思，会了意思，了解了词性，选词填空就能做的很好了。
4.词性的用法以及在句子的位置
词性 主要用法与句中位置 例句
名词 放在句首作主语 动词或者介词后作宾语 特点：代词或冠词后需用名词 Milk is my favorite drink. We can’t live without air. The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词 放句中作谓语 放句中作主语 在介词后（动名词） 在另一动词后（非谓语形式） The man enjoyed a wonderful night. Making a plan is very important. We are fond of playing football. We hope to have another chance.
形容词 系动词作表语 名词前作定语 比较级和最高级 The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car. Health is more important than wealth.
副词 修饰动词 在形容词或副词或整句句首 比较级和最高级 They finally worked out the problem. Luckily, we found our way. Sam was extremely happy. He listens to the teacher the most carefully.
介词 后加名词，动名词等 The young man made a living by selling newspapers. I had a good time with the familiy.
连词 并列连词：连接平行的词，短语或句子 从属连词：通常引导另一个从句 We need to encourage him as well as give him a hand. The boy is late for school because he stayed up last night.
数词 基数词 序数词表示顺序，意为“第” There are fifty students in our class. He is the first one to arrive at school.
代词 人称代词：I she he we they... 物主代词：my her his our their... 反身代词：myself herself himself ourselves... 指示代词：this these that those She is my best friend. Our school is bigger than theirs. She can look after herself.
冠词 不定冠词：a /an 定冠词：the 零冠词 I have an idea. He is one of the most famous writers in China.
一、短文选词填空
（2023上·上海奉贤·八年级统考校考）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)：
A．instead B．inventions C． especially D．different E. got F. activity
What do you think Americans in the early twentieth century (1900—1925) did on weekends What do they do on weekends now
THEN
Once upon a time, people spent lots of time at home on weekends. Then, new 1 changed the weekend.
● People used electric streetcars to travel in cities. On weekends, they rode the streetcars to parks. Young people liked roller coasters (过山车).
● The first movies lasted only one minute. Soon, however, movies 2 longer. In the 1920s, movie theatres sold millions of tickets each week! In 1927, movies finally had sound. Sometimes, people stayed home 3 and listened to another new invention—the radio.
● People in cities worked indoors during the week, so they wanted to be outdoors on weekends. Bicycling became a popular 4 .
NOW
With more time, money, and inventions people have many more choices.
● They can visit huge parks like Disney World and ride modern roller coasters that go higher and faster than ever before.
● They can choose from lots of 5 movies at a multiplex (a building with many movie theatres) or watch a video at home.
● Many people jog, bicycle, work out at the gym, or play sports. Others turn on their TV and watch sports.
（2022上·上海闵行·八年级统考期末）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.(将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
A．when B．with C． strong D．stay E. babies
People like travelling to Australia. There are many kangaroos in Australia. You can see them everywhere outside the cities and towns (镇). Kangaroos have very 6 legs, so they are very good at jumping. Their tails are very strong, too. So 7 they want to have a rest (休息), they rest on their tails. Kangaroos are very good at looking after their 8 . Mother kangaroos make their babies 9 in their pockets because it is safe and warm.
（2022上·上海闵行·八年级统考期末）
A．well B．why C． what D．countries E. useful
English is spoken as a first language（语言）by most people in the USA, Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. But it is also used in many other 10 . If you go to France（法国）or India, you will use English. It is used by travelers and business（生意）people all over the world（世界）. That’s 11 we are learning English in China. It is one of the most 12 languages because it is used everywhere. If we learn English 13 , we will find that it is both useful and interesting.
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级统考期末）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
A．looked like B．science C． found D．received E. information F. slowly G. special
About five years ago, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (大都会艺术博物馆) in the US changed the way we experience with exhibits forever: it stopped asking visitors not to use their cell-phones. The museum made the decision because it 14 that banning (禁止) cell-phones was useless because they were everywhere these days.
As museums 15 accept the presence (存在) of cell-phones, they also start to think about ways that they can work with 16 and technology. One way is to design apps that can provide visitors with more 17 . The Brooklyn Museum, for example, has an app through which visitors can ask the staff questions about artworks in real time.
Virtual reality (虚拟现实), too, is becoming part of the experience of going to museums. The British Museum has experimented with virtual-reality headphones. These 18 headphones make it possible for visitors to explore a Bronze Age (铜器时代) at home, or see what the Parthenon Temple (帕特农神庙) 19 thousands of years ago. People all feel like they are just there.
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级上海民办华二浦东实验学校校考期末）
A．handed B．patiently C． more than D．actually E. heard
A beggar (乞丐) found a purse that someone had dropped in the marketplace. Opening it, he discovered that it contained 100 pieces of gold. Then he 20 a merchant (商人) shout, “A reward (重赏) ! A reward to the one who finds my purse!”
Being an honest man, the beggar came forward and 21 the purse to the merchant, saying, “Here is your purse. May I have the reward now ”
“Reward ” said the merchant, greedily counting his gold. “Why, the purse I dropped had 200 pieces of gold in it. You’ve already stolen 22 the reward! Go away, or I’ll tell the police.”
“I’m an honest man,” said the beggar, “Let us take this matter to the court (法庭).” In the court the judge 23 listened to both sides of the story and said, “The law is fair! Merchant, you said you lost 200 pieces of gold. But, the purse this beggar found had only 100 pieces of gold. Therefore, it couldn’t be the one you lost.” And, with that, the judge gave the purse and all the gold to the beggar.
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级上海民办华二浦东实验学校校考期末）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．living B．danger C． closely D．welcomed E. fighting
Animals can be more like humans than you might think. They have feelings of love, friendship and anger, just like we do. A BBC documentary (纪录片) shows animal relationships in a special way, more 24 than ever before.
Spy in the Wild is a five-episode (五集) documentary. The video team sent 34 robot animals into the wild. These robots look and move like real animals. But they are actually spying (侦察) animals with cameras inside them.
A wild dog was sent to the grasslands of Africa. The dog first bowed to other wild dogs as a way of saying, “I am not a 25 .” This allowed it to be accepted by the group. The robot dog recorded a mother protecting her children: a lion was coming close to her 12 little ones. Suddenly, the mother dog jumped in to draw the beast away. Her children were safe.
The robots and real animals even became friends. A spy monkey became popular with real monkeys after 26 with them for a month. One day, he fell from a tree. All the other monkeys thought he died. They were so sad that they surrounded (围绕) his body. One even hugged their robot friend.
However, not all of the newcomers were 27 . Hippos are fierce protectors of their own land. They hit a spy hippo with their big heads. The spy squirrel was bullied (欺负), too. The real squirrels first stole his food, and then they stole his camera, too.
With the help of the animal spies, the documentary lets us into the heart of the wildlife world. It shows “how like us other animals really are,” director John Downer told the BBC．
（2022上·上海普陀·八年级校联考期末）
A．trouble B．quietly C． stared D．understand E. unusual F. joy
One day a boy called Charles Chaplin was walking 28 along the street in London. It was a cold winter day in 1900. He 29 at the bread and wanted to buy it, but he didn’t have any money. There was something 30 happened that his father had died when he was young.
He and his brother had to work to help their sick mother. Charles was small, sometimes he might be in 31 , but his dream was very big. He wanted to be a great man in the world of the films, so he worked hard to be a good dancer and singer. Later his dream came true.
Even if you don’t 32 English, you can enjoy his films because no words are used in his films.
（2022上·上海金山·八年级校联考期末）
A．looks like B．near C． because D．spaceship E. costs F. takes
The moon is the nearest neighbour in space. It is our satellite (卫星) and men have visited it already. It is smaller than the earth. Plants can’t grow on the moon 33 there is no air or water on it.
The moon doesn’t have its own light. It shines back the light of the sun. When the sun is shining on the side of the moon which faces us, it 34 a great ball. We can’t see the other side of the moon. Because that side never faces the earth.
In fact, the moon isn’t as 35 as it looks. It is three hundred and eighty thousand kilometres away from the earth. Of course we can fly to the moon in a 36 . A spaceship flies very, very fast, and it flies at about eleven kilometres a second. So it only 37 more than three days to get there by spaceship.
（2022上·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）
A．hometown B．intelligent C． quickly D．shocked E. abroad
A young prince had just recently become king. In order to rule his country, he was determined to learn all the wisdom of the world. Therefore, he gathered all the wise men from his country and 38 and ordered them to look for books for him to read and learn from. Five years passed 39 . The wise men returned with their camels, carrying 5,000 books full of wisdom. Seeing so many books, the king was so 40 that he didn’t know how to start. So he ordered the wise men to condense (精简) the books and bring them back to him. Another five years passed. The 41 men again went to see the king, this time bringing 500 books, but the king still thought there were too many. He never took interest in the real wisdom and his country was destroyed.
（2022上·上海奉贤·八年级统考期末）将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语限填写一次。
A．feel B．useful C． between D．make E. take part in
Alice is a Chinese-American student. She has found many differences of values 42 Chinese and Americans.
About money
The American children love to 43 money by themselves. Chinese children always ask their parents for money. American parents don’t think it is 44 to send their children to an expensive university. Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to good universities even if it could make them very poor.
About school
Many American girls take part in sports, dancing and singing groups. Many Chinese girls 45 academic (学术的) activities. American students usually feel happy when they get a “B” in an exam. Chinese students feel sad when they get a “B”.
（2023上·上海浦东新·八年级上海市实验学校校考校考）
A．busy B．collected C． repaired D．warm E. wet
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests.
Before the rainy season arrived, all the animals of the jungle 46 their homes. The birds also made their homes safer.
“We should also store some food for our children,” said one of the birds. And they 47 food until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves 48 preparing for the tough times.
Soon it began to rain. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey came into the forest. He sat on a branch, 49 and cold. But the tree leaves were not enough to save him from the rain. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
A．advice B．happy C． helpless D．situation E. sorry
The birds were watching all this. They felt 50 for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.” Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had done the same, you would not be in this sad 51 .”
“How dare you tell me what to do ” said the monkey angrily. It climbed up the tree, tore the bird’s nest and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were 52 . The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good 53 . It is better not to advise them.”
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级上海市徐汇中学校考期末）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
A．asleep B．all the time C． before D．crying E. looked like F. laughing G. continued
When I was ten, my mother worked all day, so I had to take care of my younger brother. At that time, my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum 54 .
One day, after I had given him his dinner, he started 55 for mum. He was so young and really needed mum. So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. Soon he fell 56 . About half an hour later, I found that he had lost a shoe while sleeping. I took him off my back and put him down I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn’t afford (负担不起)new shoes. I had to go back to find it, so I told my brother to wait right there. A man heard it and stopped me just 57 walked off. He asked me. “You are leaving your brother here to find the shoe What would you do if he is not here when you return ” I didn’t know how to answer that question. He 58 , “It’s OK if you can’t find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother.” Then he sent us to mum’s workplace by taxi.
During my whole life I have depended on the kindness of many strangers, I feel sorry that I can’t find them and say “thank you”. I do not even remember what their faces 59 but they taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.
（2023上·上海松江·八年级校考校考）
A．only B．name C． around D．send E. before
In the 1950s and 1960s, Russia and America were both very interested in space exploration. Each country wanted to be the first to 60 a man to the Moon.
In 1957, Russia sent the first satellite into space. The 61 of the satellite was Sputnik. It was 62 as long as a basketball, but it was the start of the space race! In 1959, the Russian sent a spacecraft to the Moon. Its name was Luna3. It went 63 the Moon and took photographs, but it didn’t land on the Moon. There weren’t any astronauts on Luna3.
A．wish B．safely C． heart D．before E. real
In March 1961, the Russians sent an astronaut called Ivan into space. He wasn’t a 64 person—he was only a toy. The Russians wanted to test the spacecraft and the astronaut’s spacesuit 65 they sent a real person into space. Ivan returned to the Earth 66 . (He’s now in a museum, and he’s still wearing his spacesuit!) In April 1961, the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to travel into space and go around the Earth.
A month after Gagarin’s flight, President Kennedy of the USA made a famous speech. He wanted an American astronaut to walk on the Moon, and return to the Earth, before the end of the 1960s. When he made the speech in May 1961, Russia was ahead in the space race. However, winning was very important to the Americans. They spent a lot of money on new spacecraft. In July 1969, Kennedy’s 67 came true. Two American astronauts walked on the Moon. Their names were Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.
（2023上·上海静安·八年级上海市回民中学校考校考）
A．feel sorry for B．careful C． unnecessary D．quickly E. name F. number
A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery (彩票). It changed his life. He did not have much money. Actually, the money he got from the company was very little. Sometimes Al even had to accept gifts from his family and friends. He was always very 68 with the money he spent. In fact, he did not like to waste money.
One day, Al paid a few dollars for a lottery ticket. He didn’t think it would bring him a lot of money unexpectedly. However, his 69 was chosen and he won a great deal of money.
Al was so excited. The first thing he did was to buy a very expensive new car. Then he started spending money on 70 things. He started to waste it. It was like he had more money than he needed and it was burning a hole in his pocket so he spent it 71 .
When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time. But, Al spent too much money. Soon my friend had no money left. He had not saved any of the money.
I admit (承认) I 72 my friend. He had enough money to live like a king. Instead, he was back to being poor. He was wise about small things, but not about important things.
（2023上·上海浦东新·八年级校联考校考）
A．satisfy B．hungry C． needs D．likely E.depends on F. motivation
A person’s motivation（动机) is a combination of desire and energy directed at achieving a goal. Influencing someone’s motivation means getting him or her to want to do what you know must be done. A person’s motivation 73 two things.
One is the strength of certain needs. For example, you are 74 , but you must have a task completed by a nearing deadline. If you are starving, you will eat. If you are slightly hungry, you will finish the task at hand.
The other is the perception (感觉）that taking a certain action will help 75 . For example, you have two burning 76 —the desire to complete the task and the desire to go to lunch. Your perception of how you view those two needs will determine which one takes priority. If you believe that you could be fired for not completing the task, you will probably put off lunch and complete the task. If you believe that you will not get into trouble or perhaps finish the task in time, then you will be more 77 to go to lunch.
（2022上·上海徐汇·八年级统考阶段练习）将下列单词或词组前的字母填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．used B．In addition C． own D．For example E. meanings
A national flower represents the culture of a country. More than 100 countries have their 78 national flowers. 79 , the rose is the national flower of the U.S. and the U.K.
In Chinese culture, many flowers have been given cultural 80 . In ancient Chinese poems, flowers were often 81 to represent the different personalities of people. Therefore, the choosing of a national flower has always been very important to the Chinese people.
A．at last B．wealth C． instead D．originated E. symbol
In 2019, a vote was carried out to choose China’s national flower. The peony (牡丹) won 82 . After the vote, many Chinese netizens were surprised. They thought the peony had long been the national flower of China. The peony 83 in China. It was seen as a 84 of the country during the Tang dynasty. In Chinese culture, the peony represents 85 and happiness. It can also be used to make medicine.
（2022上·上海杨浦·八年级统考期末）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次：
A．special B．difficult C． also D．still
E. country F. decided to G. clearer H. called
Walt Whitman is one of the world’s most famous poets. What is 86 about his writing is that he usually doesn’t rhyme, yet he can 87 make a poem just as well.
Walt Whitman once wrote a poem so strange that no publisher (出版商) would publish it, but that didn’t stop Walt. He 88 publish that poem and others himself. In 1885, he published his own volume of 12 poems. He 89 the book Leaves of Grass. As he revised (修订) and enlarged the book, Whitman’s goal as the nation’s poet became 90 . Leaves of Grass is actually a poem in progress, with each representing (表现) an usual period in the poet’s life and his 91 as well.
As a poet who passionately sang of life and himself, Whitman is today called one of the few truly great American men of letters.
（2022上·上海浦东新·八年级校考期末）
A．worst B．cost C． serious D．pleasant E. owner F. best
Today, football players are asked to stop spitting because kids are copying them on the streets.
The coach of the Manchester United, Alex Ferguson, has this bad habit. He always spits out his gum after matches. People think he is not a 92 hero for the children.
The football fans said, it was the 93 thing they saw on the field— one player was spitting at another player.
Children always copy their favourite football players. They also copy them by spitting gum (口香糖) on the streets. It has become a very 94 problem in England now. Gum is all over the streets.
Alan Woods — the 95 of the organization said, “It is not just terrible for people to see the gum everywhere— It has a 96 . It has to be cleaned up.”
For children, they should know the football stars do well at playing football. It doesn’t mean the stars do well in everything. Copying everything from them is not good. Children should know what is right and what is wrong. What do you think
（2022上·上海黄浦·八年级统考阶段练习） Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。)
A．similar to B．places C． keen on D．level E. break F. low
Girls in my primary school were 97 rubber band skipping(跳皮筋). We played at school during the 98 or in my neighbourhood in the afternoons. We never got tired of it because we had such a good time.
Rubber band skipping was a 99 cost game. We only needed some rubber bands. When we got three people together, we could start our game. Two players, one in each corner, held a rubber band and the rest played. If one of the players lost, she had to change 100 with one of the girls who was holding the rubber band. As the game went on, the 101 of jumping got higher and higher. A player started by jumping the rubber band at ankle (脚踝). Then it was raised to the middle of the leg, then to the knees, the hips, the waist (腰部), the chest, the shoulders, the neck, and the head.
（2022上·上海虹口·八年级上外附中校考期末）
compete reduce protect various science recommend annually whale value creation
The definition of 102 in the dictionary is “the practice or industry of hunting and killing whales for their oil, meat, or whalebone.” This industry has greatly increased in the past century, making it a highly 103 business and slowly making the whales a dying species.
People hunt whales because every part of the whale is useful. Meat, skin, blubber, and organs contain a 104 of nutrients, such as protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Whale oil and baleen (sometimes called whalebone, although it’s not bone at all) are also 105 . Technological developments since the mid-nineteenth century have increased their kill. For example, the steamboat and floating factory ships are responsible for bringing about a dramatic 106 in whale population.
Countries all over the world have been paying more and more attention to the 107 of whale populations. Lots of efforts have been made to protect whales.The International Whaling Commission (IWC) was 108 in 1946 to protect these creatures. The IWC encourages, funds whale research and publishes the results of these and other 109 research. The IWC has three committees (委员会) to assist it in performing these functions. The Scientific Committee analyzes data on whales and makes its 110 to the Technical Committee. The Technical Committee drafts rules for consideration by the IWC at its 111 meetings. The Finance and Administration Committee oversees the entire IWC．
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