2023-2024学年上期高一年级第二次调考考试
英语试题
试卷满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There is a day in the life with AI, who follows your move: the way you travel, the food you eat, how you spend your money, the news you read and your social interactions...
7a.m You wake up and glance at your iPhone, which unlocks itself using facial recognition
Apple’s Face ID changes your face to a set of numbers that act as your own unique identifier. This biometric portrait is not set in stone-it uses AI to track changes in your appearance, updating its model if you grow a beard, change your makeup style or get older and it also detects whether your eyes are open and your attention is directed at your phone.
8:30a.m You drive to work in your electric car
Cars such as the Tesla can do most of the ordinary aspects of driving. The vehicle’s AI system collects data from eight cameras, identifies obstacles, lanes, intersections and traffic lights and decides what action to take, whether moving skillfully into an awkward parking spot or overtaking a slow lorry. But self-driving cars know only how to deal with situations they have seen before and an ongoing challenge is how to equip them for rare and unexpected events.
4:30p.m Your phone rings with a message from your Amazon Ring doorbell-a package has been delivered to your doorstep
Last year, about one in five households in the UK reported having an AI-based home security system. Amazon Ring uses a motion-activated camera, heat sensor and radar and uses computer vision software to make users different when a person, or a package, is outside their property. Humans have a heavy heat signature and with the radar, the object moving in 3D spaces can be detected.
9:30p.m You scroll (滚动) through a newspaper article that contains a special ad
As you read news articles, scroll through social media, make Google searches and buy things online, you leave a trail of clues about who you are, what you might want to spend your money on-that is incredibly valuable for digital advertisers. AI sift (筛) this data for insights into your age, gender, lifestyle, income and your hobbies. This allows companies such as Google to serve up specific, targeted adverts that pop up as you scroll through a news article.
1. Which of the following is the disadvantage of electric cars
A. Tendency to cut in. B. Speeding on the lane.
C. Uncontrolled parking areas. D. Lack of information about emergencies.
2. What can we learn about AI from the text
A. Apple’s Face ID may change your facial features.
B. Self-driving vehicles can replace human drivers.
C. About 20% of English homes adopt Amazon Ring.
D. AI can work out your personal online preference.
3. What information does the text convey
A. We will live a better life with AI. B. AI enters many aspects of our life.
C. The smartphone is a necessity for us. D. Personal information is no longer secure.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过四个时间点做的事情，来说明人工智能进入了我们生活的方方面面。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But self-driving cars know only how to deal with situations they have seen before and an ongoing challenge is how to equip them for rare and unexpected events.(但自动驾驶汽车只知道如何处理它们以前见过的情况，一个持续的挑战是如何装备它们应对罕见和意外事件)”可知，缺乏关于紧急情况的信息是电动汽车的缺点。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“AI sift (筛) this data for insights into your age, gender, lifestyle, income and your hobbies.(AI筛选这些数据来了解你的年龄、性别、生活方式、收入和爱好)”可知，人工智能可以计算出你的个人上网偏好。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a day in the life with AI, who follows your move: the way you travel, the food you eat, how you spend your money, the news you read and your social interactions...(生活中总有一天，人工智能会跟踪你的一举一动：你旅行的方式、你吃的食物、你花钱的方式、你读的新闻和你的社交互动……)”结合文章主要通过四个时间点做的事情，来说明人工智能进入了我们生活的方方面面。可推知，文章传达的信息是人工智能进入我们生活的许多方面。故选B。
B
During the summer of 2021, I flew to Greece to learn more about the wildfires there. I wanted to hear people’s stories, to understand what it meant to be displaced by environmental disaster.
In a cafe for people surviving the fire, I met brave children who now have to live with terrible scars, physical and emotional. I met a man who could not even speak to me, his eyes filling with tears.
I was expecting to hear a lot about loss; I was not expecting to learn so much about the attribution (归因) of blame. I came to understand how desperately people needed to blame a tangible entity (实体) –a person, a group of people, the government. Indeed, this was understandable and reasonable. The outbreak and mishandling of the fire needed to be explored, looked into and dealt with.
What surprised me, however, was that the survivors were completely silent over any mention of the climate crisis and global heating. It was made clear to me that this subject was unacceptable. Survivors felt that these issues had nothing to do with what they had suffered, and that the people actually responsible needed to pay.
But when it comes to climate breakdown, blame did not come to just one person, one corporation, one country. In Greece, the fire didn’t rage so hard because someone had set of a spark-it raged so hard because years of global heating had dried up the land, part of a set of unsustainable (不能持续的) practices and inaction that had set our planet on fire. And now the fires are even worse.
The more I spoke to people, including climate scientists, the more I came to see that there is often a gap that separates science from public awareness. In her book “Engaging With Climate Change” Sally Weintrobe says that “many people who accept global warming continue to regard it as a problem of the future”. To my astonishment, this seemed to apply even to people who had themselves been affected directly by wildfires.
4. What did the author hardly expect to learn in Greece
A. Kids’ scars. B. Economic loss.
C. Survivors’ blame. D. Duration of the fire.
5. What did the survivors think of the fire
A. It was closely related to global heating.
B. They couldn’t accept its massive destruction.
C. The government should be responsible for it.
D. It resulted from someone’s setting fire to the forest.
6. What does Sally Weintrobe say about global warming
A. Much attention has been given to it.
B. People don’t consider it serious now.
C. Scientists are urged to apply efficient way to it.
D. People should make their opinions about it heard.
7. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To inform readers of wildfires in Greece.
B. To encourage readers to donate to survivors.
C. To equip people with surviving skills in wildfires.
D. To raise people’s awareness about the climate crisis.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲到作者在希腊了解经历了希腊野火的人们的生活以及他们对于气候问题的看法，然而当地人们认为政府更应该为这件事负责，而忽视了隐形的全球气候变暖这一原因。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句提到“I was expecting to hear a lot about loss; I was not expecting to learn so much about the attribution (归因) of blame.”（起初，我以为会听到许多关于损失的事情；然而出乎我的意料之外的是对于责任归属的抱怨却如此之多。）由此判断，作者起初只想听到关于人们对于损失的陈述，但是没有想到听到人们对于责任归属的抱怨。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第二句提到“I came to understand how desperately people needed to blame a tangible entity (实体) –a person, a group of people, the government. ”（我逐渐明白人们迫切需要将责任归咎于有形实体——个人、群体或政府机构等等，这也是可以理解且合理的行为。）作者在听到了当地人对于希腊大火的陈述后，发现当地人最想要政府来为这一场大火负责，并且进行调查。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句提到“In her book “Engaging With Climate Change” Sally Weintrobe says that “many people who accept global warming continue to regard it as a problem of the future”.”（Sally Weintrobe在她的书《参与气候变化》中说:“许多接受全球变暖的人仍然认为这是一个未来的问题。”）在Sally的书里提到，人们虽然知道有全球变暖这一问题的存在，但他们仍然觉得这个问题是未来才会发生的事情，而不是现在很严重的情况，所以人们现在并不觉得这个问题很严重。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。第一段提到“During the summer of 2021, I flew to Greece to learn more about the wildfires there. I wanted to hear people’s stories, to understand what it meant to be displaced by environmental disaster.”（2021年夏天，我飞往希腊，更多地了解那里的野火。我想听听人们的故事，了解因环境灾难而流离失所意味着什么。）但是在作者访问的过程中，当地人们并没有考虑到全球气候变暖也是导致这一大火的隐形原因，反而想要政府或者机构对这件事情负责。最后一段提到“To my astonishment, this seemed to apply even to people who had themselves been affected directly by wildfires.”（令我惊讶的是，这似乎甚至适用于那些自己直接受到野火影响的人。）作者发现经历过火灾的人，也几乎忽视了全球气候变暖在这场大火中造成的后果。因此作者想要引起人们对于气候危机的意识。故选D。
【点睛】
C
Compassion has not been a traditional characteristic of sport. With its UK roots in 19th-century British public schools and universities, modern sport developed as way of creating strong military leaders, training them to develop adaptability defined in those times by iron will and biting the bullet. Fear and harsh criticism were crucial to toughening up players and soldiers alike. The “tough guy” narrative was strengthened by 20th-century media stereotypes and Hollywood’s heroes and became rooted into sport and society.
I’ve heard countless stories like the popular culture I found when I joined the Olympic rowing team in the mid-1990s. We were expected to suffer after mistakes or losses to show that we truly cared, and everyone believed coaches needed to be severe and unforgiving to get results. These approaches still exist. But an alternative approach with compassion at its center addresses aims of performance and wellbeing for those with greater ambitions.
This isn’t some soft option which plays down hard work, as supporters of the earlier traditional sporting mindset might criticize. Research across branches of psychology — behavioral, sports, positive — shows how compassion creates the strongest foundation for adaptability and sustained performance under pressure whether in sport, the military, healthcare or business. Rather than activating our threat system which began to help us survive way back, compassion helps us to feel safe and protected, leaving us free to learn, connect with others and start exploring what we’re capable of.
The continuous need to improve performance has led top coaches to appreciate that high performance requires levels of support to match the level of challenge. When you provide that, players start thriving while striving to achieve more. Rooted in compassion, a different coach-athlete relationship thus develops.
The dictionary definition of compassion includes the recognition of another’s suffering and the desire and support to relieve passion has been shown to decrease fear of failure and increase the likelihood of trying again when failure does happen. But how many talented athletes experience that depth of support in moments of crisis and failure
8. What does the underlined phrase “biting the bullet” in paragraph one mean
A. Commitment. B. Ambition. C. Suffering. D. Toughness.
9. Why is the example of rowing team mentioned in the second paragraph
A To arouse people’s interest about rowing.
B. To recall a painful training experience.
C. To draw a distinction between training approaches.
D. To bring out a compassion-centered training approach.
10. What does the paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Criticism about the compassion. B. Necessity of employing compassion.
C. Characteristics about the compassion. D. Fields that compassion is involved in.
11. What would the author possibly agree
A. The media is active in developing tough training style.
B. Extraordinary athletes rarely received enough support.
C. The compassion-centered training is widely used in sports.
D. Compassion means more openness to failure and less training.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了以同情为中心的训练方法的起源及在体育界的应用和其优势。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Compassion has not been a traditional characteristic of sport. With its UK roots in 19th-century British public schools and universities, modern sport developed as way of creating strong military leaders, training them to develop adaptability defined in those times by iron will and...”（同情心并不是体育运动的传统特征。现代体育起源于19世纪的英国公立学校和大学，作为培养强大军事领袖的一种方式而发展起来，训练他们发展适应能力，在那个时代，这种适应能力是由钢铁般的意志和……所定义的。）及最后一句“The “tough guy” narrative was strengthened by 20th-century media stereotypes and Hollywood’s heroes and became rooted into sport and society.”（“硬汉”的叙事被20世纪媒体的刻板印象和好莱坞的英雄所强化，并扎根于体育和社会。）可知，钢铁般的意志和“biting the bullet”是早期军事领袖适应性强的一个特征，是一种硬汉形象的精神特征，故可以推测“biting the bullet”指坚韧不拔的精神，与前文“iron will”含义一致。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“We were expected to suffer after mistakes or losses to show that we truly cared, and everyone believed coaches needed to be severe and unforgiving to get results. These approaches still exist. But an alternative approach with compassion at its center addresses aims of performance and wellbeing for those with greater ambitions.”（我们被期望在犯错或输球后承受痛苦，以表明我们真的在乎，每个人都认为教练需要严厉和无情才能取得成绩。这些方法仍然存在。但另一种以同情为中心的方法，使那些有更大抱负的人实现了优秀的表现和幸福的目标。）可知，作者提到赛艇队的例子说明了当时以严厉和批评为主的训练方法，从而引出同情为中心的方法，说明这种方法更有优势，能实现更大的抱负。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Research across branches of psychology — behavioral, sports, positive — shows how compassion creates the strongest foundation for adaptability and sustained performance under pressure whether in sport, the military, healthcare or business. Rather than activating our threat system which began to help us survive way back, compassion helps us to feel safe and protected, leaving us free to learn, connect with others and start exploring what we’re capable of.”（跨心理学分支——行为、体育、积极心理学——研究表明，无论是在体育、军事、医疗还是商业领域，同情心都为适应压力和持续表现创造最坚实基础。它不是激活帮助我们生存下去的威胁系统，相反，同情帮助我们感到安全和保护，让我们自由地学习，与他人联系，并开始探索我们的能力。）可知，本段主要论述了同情心对我们的重要作用，即应用同情心的重要性。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Compassion has been shown to decrease fear of failure and increase the likelihood of trying again when failure does happen. But how many talented athletes experience that depth of support in moments of crisis and failure ”（同情心已经被证明可以减少对失败的恐惧，并在失败发生时增加再次尝试的可能性。但有多少天才运动员能在危机和失败的时刻得到如此深度的支持呢 ）可知，同情心对运动员有好处，根据“but”转折可知，作者认为并没有多少杰出的运动员在面对失败和危机时能获得这样的支持。故选B项。
D
The past three weeks have witnessed the dramatic rise and fall of a new candidate for the materials science: a superconductor (超导体) that works at room temperature. On July 22th 2023, a team of researchers in South Korea reported their findings on a substance they called LK-99, claiming that its discovery was a “brand new historical moment”. A hit of online physics discussions followed, only to fall flat two weeks later. LK-99, it seemed, was a bubble (泡沫).
Whenever electrical power runs through a transmission (传送) line, some is lost as waste heat, a common tax forced by the laws of nature. The huge potential of superconductors is that they carry electricity over large distances with perfect efficiency, having the greatest impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution. If we ever figure out how to produce them cheaply and make them work at room temperature rather than only at hundreds of degrees below zero, it would revolutionize our economy and help save the environment.
Superconductors can also achieve things like powerful magnetic (磁场的) fields in mid-air, enabling new electronic devices, computers and modes of transportation. This technology has been in development in Japan for decades, with maglev trains originally projected to open to the public in 2027, running at speeds up to 375 miles per hour between Tokyo and Nagoya.
The pull of a room-temperature superconductor grows as our economic and environmental picture darkens. It’s the kind of miracle material that could slow climate change while driving global economy, realized new technologies seen in science fiction.
We still don’t know whether the field of superconductivity research will benefit from the new paths opened up by the LK-99 in the last few weeks. It’s a field where theory and experiment have often challenged each other, and our expectations of what is possible have frequently been questioned by what has been observed. Although public interest will no doubt fade for now, an obvious promise remains: a superconducting golden age might be just over the horizon, and the role of science is clear-to find a way to get us there.
12. What can we learn about electricity from the text
A. We should pay the tax using electricity.
B. The law of nature regulates the electricity tax.
C. Electricity loss during transmission is unavoidable.
D. Electricity loss can be reduced to zero by superconductors.
13. What may happen if superconductors are materialized
A. The electricity bill will become a huge burden.
B. The issue of climate change will be dealt with.
C. The economy and environment will start to fade.
D. The new modes of transportation are more available.
14. What is the author’s attitude to superconductors
A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Confident. D. Indifferent.
15. What would be the best title of the passage
A. Bubble Burst: Where Is Superconductor LK-99 Going.
B. Superconductor: Why It Sends Scientists Heart Racing.
C. Material Science: How It Booms with Superconductors.
D. Superconductor: How It Becomes the Commander of Technology.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为LK-99的超导体，在韩国被发现后引起了全球物理学讨论的热潮。此外，超导体还可以实现一些科幻中看到的功能，然而，目前该领域的理论和实验研究仍有待突破，超导体的“黄金时代”是否真的到来还有待观察。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenever electrical power runs through a transmission (传送) line, some is lost as waste heat, a common tax forced by the laws of nature. (每当电力通过传输线时，都会产生一些浪费热量，这是自然法则强制执行的普遍损失。)”可知，输电过程中的损耗是不可避免的。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The huge potential of superconductors is that they carry electricity over large distances with perfect efficiency, having the greatest impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution. (超导体的巨大潜力在于，它们能以完美的效率远距离传输电力，对能源的产生、传输和分配产生最大的影响。)”以及本段中“If we ever figure out how to produce them cheaply and make them work at room temperature rather than only at hundreds of degrees below zero, it would revolutionize our economy and help save the environment.( 如果我们能弄清楚如何廉价地生产它们，并使它们在室温下工作，而不是仅仅在零下几百度的环境下工作，这将彻底改变我们的经济，并有助于拯救环境。)”可知，如果可以在室温下制造和运行超导体，那么它们将在能源的生产、传输和分配方面产生重大影响，即这将使得能源的生产、传输和分配方面更加便利有效。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“If we ever figure out how to produce them cheaply and make them work at room temperature rather than only at hundreds of degrees below zero, it would revolutionize our economy and help save the environment.( 如果我们能弄清楚如何廉价地生产它们，并使它们在室温下工作，而不是仅仅在零下几百度的环境下工作，这将彻底改变我们的经济，并有助于拯救环境。)”可知，如果可以在室温下制造和运行超导体，那么它们将在能源的生产、传输和分配方面产生重大影响；以及根据倒数第二段中“The pull of a room-temperature superconductor grows as our economic and environmental picture darkens. It’s the kind of miracle material that could slow climate change while driving global economy, realized new technologies seen in science fiction.(随着经济和环境形势的恶化，室温超导体的吸引力越来越大。这是一种神奇的材料，可以减缓气候变化，同时推动全球经济，实现科幻小说中的新技术。)”以及最后一段中“Although public interest will no doubt fade for now, an obvious promise remains: a superconducting golden age might be just over the horizon, and the role of science is clear-to find a way to get us there.(虽然公众的兴趣无疑会暂时消退，但一个明显的承诺仍然存在：超导的黄金时代可能即将到来，科学的作用也很清楚——找到一种方法让我们到达那里。)”可知，文章通过描述超导体在经济和环境方面的积极作用之外，作者也相信超导的黄金时代可能即将到来。故推断作者对超导体的态度是充满自信的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“On July 22th 2023, a team of researchers in South Korea reported their findings on a substance they called LK-99, claiming that its discovery was a “brand new historical moment”. (2023年7月22日，韩国的一组研究人员报告了他们对一种名为LK-99的物质的发现，声称这是一个“全新的历史时刻”。)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了一种名为LK-99的超导体，如果可以在室温下制造和运行超导体，那么它们将在能源的生产、传输和分配方面产生重大影响，并可能革命化我们的经济和帮助拯救环境。此外，超导体还可以实现一些科幻中看到的功能，例如制造强大的磁场，在电子设备、计算机和交通运输等领域实现创新。B选项“Superconductor: Why It Sends Scientists Heart Racing.(超导体：为什么它让科学家心跳加速。)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Take a Leap to Find Luck
What is luck I’ve realized, by watching so long, that luck is rarely a lightning strike, isolated and dramatic. ____16____ Sometimes it’s calm, and sometimes it blows in gusts, and sometimes it comes from directions that you didn’t even imagine.
So how do you catch the winds of luck ____17____ So I’m going to share three things with you that you can do to build a sail to capture the winds of luck. The first thing to do is to change your relationship with yourself. ____18____ When we’re children, we do this all the time. We have to do this if we’re going to learn how to walk or talk or ride a bike. The problem is, as we get older, we rarely do this. We sort of lock down the sense of who we are and don’t stretch anymore.
The second thing to do is to change your relationship with other people. You need to understand that everyone who helps you on your journey is playing a huge role in getting you to your goals. ____19____ And if you don’t show appreciation, not only are you not closing the loop, but you’re missing an opportunity.
And third, you want to change your relationship with ideas. Most people look at new ideas that come their way and they judge them. “That’s a great idea” or “That’s a terrible idea.” But it’s actually much more different. Ideas are neither good nor bad. And in fact, the seeds of terrible ideas are often something truly remarkable. ____20____
So, yes, sometimes people were born into terrible circumstances, and sometimes, luck is a lightning bolt that hits us with something wonderful or something terrible. But the winds of luck are always there.
A. It’s easy, but it’s not obvious.
B. Judgment brings fear and hope.
C. You need to acknowledge what they’re doing.
D. Nothing comes to you accidentally or randomly.
E. It’s much more like the wind, blowing constantly.
F. Be willing to take small risks that get you out of your comfort zone.
G. When they’re turned into something brilliant, amazing things may happen.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种有助于抓住运气的风的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I’ve realized, by watching so long, that luck is rarely a lightning strike, isolated and dramatic.”（经过这么长时间的观察，我意识到，运气很少像闪电一样，孤立而戏剧性。）说明运气很少像闪电一样，孤立而戏剧性。以及下文“Sometimes it’s calm, and sometimes it blows in gusts, and sometimes it comes from directions that you didn’t even imagine.”（有时它很平静，有时它像阵风一样吹来，有时它来自你甚至想象不到的方向。）说明有时像风有时很平静。结合选项E项It’s much more like the wind, blowing constantly.（它更像风，不停地吹。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“So how do you catch the winds of luck ”（那么怎样才能抓住幸运之风呢？）提出问题，怎么样才能抓到幸运之风。以及下文“So I’m going to share three things with you that you can do to build a sail to capture the winds of luck.”（所以我要和你分享三件事，你可以做一个帆来捕捉幸运之风。）结合选项A项It’s easy, but it’s not obvious.（这很简单，但并不明显。）可知，为回答上文的提问，同时引起下文，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The first thing to do is to change your relationship with yourself.”（首先要做的是改变你和自己的关系。）提到要改变自己。以及下文“When we’re children, we do this all the time. We have to do this if we’re going to learn how to walk or talk or ride a bike.”（当我们还是孩子的时候，我们总是这样做。如果我们要学走路、说话或骑自行车，我们就必须这样做。）为具体举例说明改变自己的行为。结合选项F项Be willing to take small risks that get you out of your comfort zone.（愿意冒点小风险，走出你的舒适区。）可知，为改变自己的方法，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“You need to understand that everyone who helps you on your journey is playing a huge role in getting you to your goals.”（你需要明白，每一个在你的人生旅途中帮助你的人都在帮助你实现目标的过程中扮演着重要的角色。）可知，讲的是在你的人生旅途中帮助你的人扮演着重要角色。以及下文“And if you don’t show appreciation, not only are you not closing the loop, but you’re missing an opportunity.”（如果你不表达感激之情，你不仅没有完成这个循环，而且还失去了一个机会。）说明要表达感激之情。结合选项C项You need to acknowledge what they’re doing.（你需要承认他们在做什么。）和上下文内容相关，上下文紧密连接，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“And in fact, the seeds of terrible ideas are often something truly remarkable.”（事实上，可怕想法的种子往往是真正了不起的东西。）说明可怕想法往往是了不起的东西。结合选项G项When they’re turned into something brilliant, amazing things may happen.（当它们变成辉煌的东西时，神奇的事情就会发生。）承接上文内容，该句中的they指的就是上文中的the seeds of terrible ideas（可怕想法的种子），上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Today was another enlightening day at my new American school. Back in China, lunchtime is a ____21____ hour. We eat, talk, and most importantly, take a short nap (小睡) to ____22____ for the afternoon. This relaxing routine of our midday break allowed for a ____23____ escape from the day’s demands. But here It’s like a ____24____ against the clock.
The bell rang, and everyone ____25____ to the cafeteria. I followed, naively (天真地) thinking I’d have ____26____ time to eat and perhaps even close my eyes for a moment. However, I barely had time to finish my sandwich before the next bell hit. Where did the time go
And the nap Forget about it. There’s no ____27____ for that comfort here. In China, we have these cozy mats in the classroom for our post-lunch rest. But in America, the ____28____ of napping in school seems as ____29____ to them as the absence of a nap is to me.
At first, I felt quite sleepy in the afternoon classes. I ____30____ that brief break we get in China. But then I noticed something. Even without the nap, my classmates were hardly tired. Perhaps they’re used to this fast schedule, or maybe they ____31____ on pure youthful energy. Who knows
I’m beginning to ____32____ that life here is simply faster. People eat ____33____, converse rapidly, and shift swiftly. It’s a(n) ____34____ with the life style back in China, but perhaps it’s not harmful, just another ____35____ of life.
21. A. cherished B. productive C. fixed D. secure
22. A. fight B. recharge C. settle D. evaluate
23. A. narrow B. secret C. desperate D. peaceful
24. A. march B. test C. race D. game
25. A. paraded B. wandered C. leapt D. rushed
26. A. inadequate B. sufficient C. limited D. golden
27. A. excuse B. doubt C. boundary D. access
28. A. concept B. application C. benefit D. knowledge
29. A. scary B. odd C. awkward D. shallow
30. A. replaced B. postponed C. missed D. supported
31. A. operate B. insist C. concentrate D. reflect
32. A. consider B. question C. grasp D. imagine
33. A. regularly B. hurriedly C. properly D. eventually
34. A. agreement B. interaction C. connection D. contrast
35. A. manner B. circumstance C. moment D. challenge
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要对比了中国和美国学校不同的生活方式，在中国，午餐时间是一段珍贵的时光，可以吃东西，聊天，最重要的是，打个小盹，为下午充电。但是美国学校没有这样的传统，一切都很匆忙，和时间赛跑。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在中国，午餐时间是一段珍贵的时光。A. cherished珍贵的；B. productive多产的；C. fixed固定的；D. secure稳固的。根据后文“This relaxing routine of our midday break”可知，中国午餐时间可以放松，是珍贵的时光。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们吃东西，聊天，最重要的是，打个小盹，为下午充电。A. fight战斗；B. recharge充电；C. settle解决；D. evaluate评价。根据上文“take a short nap to”以及常识，打盹是为了给下午充电。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种午休的放松习惯让我们可以平静地逃离一天的工作。A. narrow狭窄的；B. secret秘密的；C. desperate绝望的；D. peaceful和平的。根据后文“escape from the day’s demands”可知，午休的放松习惯让我们可以平静地逃离一天的工作。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像是在和时间赛跑。A. march行军；B. test测试；C. race比赛；D. game游戏。根据后文“I barely had time to finish my sandwich before the next bell hit. (下一个铃响之前，我几乎没来得及吃完三明治)”可知，美国的时间很紧张，就像是在和时间赛跑。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下课铃响了，每个人都冲向自助餐厅。A. paraded游行；B. wandered徘徊；C. leapt跳跃；D. rushed急忙。上文提到和时间赛跑，所以每个人都很匆忙，下课铃响了，每个人都冲向自助餐厅。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我跟在后面，天真地以为我有足够的时间吃东西，甚至可能闭上眼睛一会儿。A. inadequate不足的；B. sufficient充足的；C. limited有限的；D. golden金色的。根据后文“However, I barely had time to finish my sandwich before the next bell hit. Where did the time go (然而，下一个铃响之前，我几乎没来得及吃完我的三明治。时间都去哪儿了？)”可知，作者天真地以为自己还有足够的时间吃东西，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里没有那种舒适。A. excuse借口；B. doubt怀疑；C. boundary边界；D. access入口。根据上文“And the nap Forget about it.(午睡？别想了)”可知，没有午睡的舒适，no access for表示“无法获得，无法得到”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在美国，在学校里打盹的概念对他们来说就像对我来说没有打盹一样奇怪。A. concept概念；B. application申请；C. benefit利益；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“of napping in school”此处指中国在学校里午睡的概念，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在美国，在学校里打盹的概念对他们来说就像对我来说没有打盹一样奇怪。A. scary可怕的；B. odd奇怪的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. shallow浅的。根据上文可知，作者是中国人，习惯了午睡，但是美国学校没有这样的传统，所以在美国，在学校里打盹的概念对他们来说就像对作者来说没有打盹一样奇怪。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念了我们在中国的短暂休息。A. replaced代替；B. postponed推迟；C. missed想念；D. supported支持。根据上文“At first, I felt quite sleepy in the afternoon classes.(起初，我在下午的课上感到很困)”可知，作者没有午睡下午上课感到困，所以想念在中国的短暂休息。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们已经习惯了这种快节奏的日程安排，或者他们纯粹是靠年轻的精力来运作的。A. operate操作；B. insist坚持；C. concentrate集中；D. reflect反思。根据后文“on pure youthful energy”指依靠年轻的精力来运作。故选A。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白这里的生活就是快得多。A. consider考虑；B. question质问；C. grasp明白，抓住；D. imagine想象。根据后文“that life here is simply faster”可知，作者开始明白这里的生活就是快得多。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们吃得匆忙，交谈得迅速，移动得迅速。A. regularly定期地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. properly合适地；D. eventually最后。根据后文“converse rapidly, and shift swiftly”可知，这里一切都很匆忙，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与中国的生活方式形成了鲜明的对比，但也许这没有害处，只是另一种生活方式。A. agreement协议；B. interaction互动；C. connection联系；D. contrast差异。根据后文“with the life style back in China”可知，这里匆忙的生活方式，和中国放松的生活方式形成了对比，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与中国的生活方式形成了鲜明的对比，但也许这没有害处，只是另一种生活方式。A. manner礼貌，方式；B. circumstance环境；C. moment时刻；D. challenge挑战。呼应上文“with the life style back in China”这里快节奏的生活方式，也只是另一种生活方式而已。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, a man of distinction. He ____36____ (bear) in Hangzhou, was admitted to the aeronautics department of the MIT in 1934. After graduating with his PhD, he was employed as ____37____ assistant researcher at Caltech. Qian’s missile designs laid the foundation for the successful building of missiles in the US in the 1940s and 1950s, ____38____ (make) him a world-renowned rocketeer.
When he learnt of the ____39____ (thrill) news of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Qian resolutely gave up his privileged conditions in the US and decided to return to his longed-for homeland to contribute as much as he could ____40____ his own nation.
Upon returning to China, Qian Xuesen was actively involved in research work. Under his ____41____ (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first rocket in 1960, ____42____ in 1964, it was a great success to run the flight test of China’s first self-designed medium-range rocket. In 1965, Qian’s proposal ____43____ (develop) an artificial satellite was included in the country’s key projects, after ____44____ the first artificial satellite was finally launched into space in 1970.
In 1999, Qian Xuesen ____45____ (award) the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” Meritorious Medal by the government of PRC, and was hailed as the “Father of China’s Missiles” for his significant contributions to China’s space industry.
【答案】36. born
37. an 38. making
39. thrilling
40. to 41. participation
42 and 43. to develop
44. which 45. was awarded
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名科学家钱学森的生平事迹。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：出生于杭州，1934年考入麻省理工学院航空系。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语was admitted to（被录取），空处需使用非谓语，主语he和bear（出生）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词。故填born。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：博士毕业后，他被加州理工学院聘为助理研究员。分析句子结构可知，此处表示泛指“一位”助理研究员，应使用不定冠词进行修饰，assistant（助手）为元音因素开头的单词，因此需使用不定冠词an进行修饰。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：钱的导弹设计为20世纪40年代和50年代美国成功制造导弹奠定了基础，使他成为世界知名的火箭专家。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语laid（奠定），空处需使用非谓语形式，主语Qian’s missile designs与make之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词在句中作状语。故填making。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：1949年，当他得知中华人民共和国成立的激动人心的消息时，他毅然放弃在美国的优越条件，决定回到他梦寐以求的祖国，为祖国尽自己的一份力量。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词thrilling（令人激动的）在句中作定语修饰名词news。故填thrilling。
【40题详解】
考查介词。1949年，当他得知中华人民共和国成立的激动人心的消息时，他毅然放弃在美国的优越条件，决定回到他梦寐以求的祖国，为祖国尽自己的一份力量。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语contribute to，意为“有助于；为......做贡献”。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他的参与和指导下，中国于1960年成功发射了第一枚火箭。1964年，中国自行设计的第一枚中程火箭进行了飞行试验，取得了巨大成功。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词his（他的）后接名词进行修饰，故填participation。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：在他的参与和指导下，中国于1960年成功发射了第一枚火箭。1964年，中国自行设计的第一枚中程火箭进行了飞行试验，取得了巨大成功。分析句子结构可知，“1960年发射的第一枚”与“1964年发射的中程火箭”是并列关系，因此需使用表示并列关系的连词and。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：1965年，钱提出的研制人造卫星的建议被列入国家重点工程，1970年，第一颗人造卫星终于发射升空。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用不定式在句中作定语修饰名词Qian’s proposal。故填to develop。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1965年，钱提出的研制人造卫星的建议被列入国家重点工程，1970年，第一颗人造卫星终于发射升空。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，此处表示“在钱提出的研制人造卫星的建议被列入国家重点工程之后”，因此可使用关系代词which在句中指代前半句的内容。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：1999年，钱学森被中华人民共和国政府授予“两弹一星”功勋奖章，并因其对中国航天事业的重大贡献被誉为“中国导弹之父”。分析句子结构可知，主语为第三人称单数形式，和award（授予）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，根据时间状语in 1999可知，该句应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，与交换生同学Sam要共同完成一篇英语小论文。Sam提议用AI完成初稿。请你用英语给他发一封邮件，内容包括：1. 你对Sam提议的想法和理由；2. 你的建议及计划。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
I do agree that AI can be a helpful companion when utilized into our writing assignment, as you suggested before. But I don’t think we become totally dependent on it to finish our draft. So I have to reject your proposal.
While working on the first draft, we should explore our own experiences to express our own thoughts and opinions. Convenient and efficient as AI is, it lacks a certain aura and reflection, which is crucial for the development of critical-thinking. Therefore, from my perspective, it can be more prudent if we finish the work originally with our creativity and imagination. Besides, why not meet after school this Friday and work out an outline together and then split up for our own parts BTW, turn to AI to polish our language is a workable idea!
Hope you can consider my suggestions and let’s write our own stories. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。因要与交换生同学Sam要共同完成一篇英语小论文，Sam提议用AI完成初稿。要求考生用英语给他发一封邮件，告诉Sam自己对提议的想法和理由；以及给出建议及计划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有益处的：helpful→ beneficial
使用： utilize → use
拒绝：reject→ turn down/refuse
建议：suggestion→ advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： BTW, turn to AI to polish our language is a workable idea!
拓展句： BTW, turn to AI to polish our language is a workable idea, which is bound to help us a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I do agree that AI can be a helpful companion when utilized into our writing assignment, as you suggested before. （运用了that引导的宾语从句，以及as引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】 Convenient and efficient as AI is, it lacks a certain aura and reflection, which is crucial for the development of critical-thinking. （运用了倒装句以及which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad, John, was a basketball fan. He played in college and even coached a local youth team for a few years. His love for the game was unbelievable, and some of my earliest memories are of us playing basketball in the nearby court. I’ve even seen old photos of him in his college days, a proud smile on his face as he held a basketball. But when it came to my own involvement in basketball, he was surprisingly positive that I should focus only on study. “Basketball won’t pay the bills,” he’d often say, a statement that always struck me as ironic (讽刺的) given how much he loved the sport.
I loved basketball too, and I was pretty good at it. My school coach, Coach Miller, saw potential in me and encouraged me to join the school team. He said I had a natural talent that could take me far if I trained hard. But my dad was against it. He believed that sports would distract me from my studies, and with the final exam around the corner, he didn’t want to take any chances. “Your future is in the classroom, not on the court,” he would insist, dashing my dreams of following in his athletic footsteps.
This tension between us reached a peak when my head teacher, Mrs. Williams, announced a school basketball tournament (联赛). It was a big deal; students from the whole city would come to watch. My friends were excited, and even some teachers were talking about it. However, I knew I couldn’t participate without my dad’s approval. It felt like an invisible chain holding me back, a conflict between my passion and his expectations.
Then something unexpected happened. Mrs. Williams called my dad for a meeting. I was nervous but also hopeful. Mrs. Williams was not just an educator; she was also a parent and understood the balance between academics and extracurricular activities. She had seen students succeed in both, and I hoped she could convince my dad.
After the meeting, my dad seemed to be in deep thought. He didn’t speak immediately, taking his time as if weighing his words carefully. Finally, he broke the silence, “Mrs. Williams made some good points about teamwork and discipline. Maybe it’s time to rethink my stance (立场) on you playing basketball.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was thrilled but also cautious. “So can I play in the tournament ” I asked.
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As I scanned the audience, I spotted my dad.
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【答案】参考范文：
I was thrilled but also cautious. “So, can I play in the tournament ” I asked. Dad met my gaze with a thoughtful expression before finally breaking into a nod. “Sure,” he said, “Playing in college and coaching that youth team were some of the best times of my life. I shouldn’t deprive you of the right to pursue your passion. ” The moment I heard dad’s words, I was so excited that I couldn’t help but spring to my feet. The tournament was super fun. We got to the finals, and I even made the last shot that won us the game. The crowd got all excited and started clapping and cheering.
As I scanned the audience, I spotted my dad. He was clapping, wearing a proud smile on his face. It was the same smile I had seen in old photos of him playing basketball. After the game, he enveloped me in a warm, tight embrace. “You did well, both on the court and in balancing your responsibilities. I’m proud of you.” As we strolled back home, it dawned on me that basketball had done more than just win me a game. It had bridged a generational gap, promoting mutual understanding between dad and me.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一直想参加学校的篮球比赛，可是爸爸一直不同意，认为作者要把心思放在学习上。后来在班主任的建议和引导下说服爸爸，作者终于如愿以偿的参加了比赛，并且在比赛中取得优异表现的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我很激动，但也很谨慎。“那么，我能参加比赛吗？”我问。”可知，第一段可描写作者谨慎地等待爸爸答复的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“当我扫视观众时，我发现了我的父亲。”可知，第二段可描写作者的优秀表现得到了父亲的肯定以及弥合了代沟。
2.续写线索：谨慎征求爸爸态度——爸爸点头同意——作者很开心可以参加比赛——比赛中表现很出色——得到爸爸的肯定——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①追求：pursue/go after
②促进：promoting/ motivating
③漫步，闲逛：strolled /rambled/ wandered
情绪类
①激动的：excited /thrilled
②为……感到骄傲：be proud of /take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]The moment I heard dad’s words, I was so excited that I couldn’t help but spring to my feet.（运用了The moment引导的时间状语从句和so...that引导的结果状语从句）
[高分句型2]It had bridged a generational gap, promoting mutual understanding between dad and me.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语）2023-2024学年上期高一年级第二次调考考试
英语试题
试卷满分：120分 考试时间：100分钟
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There is a day in the life with AI, who follows your move: the way you travel, the food you eat, how you spend your money, the news you read and your social interactions...
7a.m You wake up and glance at your iPhone, which unlocks itself using facial recognition
Apple’s Face ID changes your face to a set of numbers that act as your own unique identifier. This biometric portrait is not set in stone-it uses AI to track changes in your appearance, updating its model if you grow a beard, change your makeup style or get older and it also detects whether your eyes are open and your attention is directed at your phone.
8:30a.m You drive to work in your electric car
Cars such as the Tesla can do most of the ordinary aspects of driving. The vehicle’s AI system collects data from eight cameras, identifies obstacles, lanes, intersections and traffic lights and decides what action to take, whether moving skillfully into an awkward parking spot or overtaking a slow lorry. But self-driving cars know only how to deal with situations they have seen before and an ongoing challenge is how to equip them for rare and unexpected events.
4:30p.m Your phone rings with a message from your Amazon Ring doorbell-a package has been delivered to your doorstep
Last year, about one in five households in the UK reported having an AI-based home security system. Amazon Ring uses a motion-activated camera, heat sensor and radar and uses computer vision software to make users different when a person, or a package, is outside their property. Humans have a heavy heat signature and with the radar, the object moving in 3D spaces can be detected.
9:30p.m You scroll (滚动) through a newspaper article that contains a special ad
As you read news articles, scroll through social media, make Google searches and buy things online, you leave a trail of clues about who you are, what you might want to spend your money on-that is incredibly valuable for digital advertisers. AI sift (筛) this data for insights into your age, gender, lifestyle, income and your hobbies. This allows companies such as Google to serve up specific, targeted adverts that pop up as you scroll through a news article.
1. Which of the following is the disadvantage of electric cars
A. Tendency to cut in. B. Speeding on the lane.
C Uncontrolled parking areas. D. Lack of information about emergencies.
2. What can we learn about AI from the text
A. Apple’s Face ID may change your facial features.
B. Self-driving vehicles can replace human drivers.
C. About 20% of English homes adopt Amazon Ring.
D AI can work out your personal online preference.
3. What information does the text convey
A. We will live a better life with AI. B. AI enters many aspects of our life.
C. The smartphone is a necessity for us. D. Personal information is no longer secure.
B
During the summer of 2021, I flew to Greece to learn more about the wildfires there. I wanted to hear people’s stories, to understand what it meant to be displaced by environmental disaster.
In a cafe for people surviving the fire, I met brave children who now have to live with terrible scars, physical and emotional. I met a man who could not even speak to me, his eyes filling with tears.
I was expecting to hear a lot about loss; I was not expecting to learn so much about the attribution (归因) of blame. I came to understand how desperately people needed to blame a tangible entity (实体) –a person, a group of people, the government. Indeed, this was understandable and reasonable. The outbreak and mishandling of the fire needed to be explored, looked into and dealt with.
What surprised me, however, was that the survivors were completely silent over any mention of the climate crisis and global heating. It was made clear to me that this subject was unacceptable. Survivors felt that these issues had nothing to do with what they had suffered, and that the people actually responsible needed to pay.
But when it comes to climate breakdown, blame did not come to just one person, one corporation, one country. In Greece, the fire didn’t rage so hard because someone had set of a spark-it raged so hard because years of global heating had dried up the land, part of a set of unsustainable (不能持续的) practices and inaction that had set our planet on fire. And now the fires are even worse.
The more I spoke to people, including climate scientists, the more I came to see that there is often a gap that separates science from public awareness. In her book “Engaging With Climate Change” Sally Weintrobe says that “many people who accept global warming continue to regard it as a problem of the future”. To my astonishment, this seemed to apply even to people who had themselves been affected directly by wildfires.
4. What did the author hardly expect to learn in Greece
A. Kids’ scars. B. Economic loss.
C. Survivors’ blame. D. Duration of the fire.
5. What did the survivors think of the fire
A. It was closely related to global heating.
B. They couldn’t accept its massive destruction.
C. The government should be responsible for it.
D. It resulted from someone’s setting fire to the forest.
6. What does Sally Weintrobe say about global warming
A. Much attention has been given to it.
B. People don’t consider it serious now.
C. Scientists are urged to apply efficient way to it.
D. People should make their opinions about it heard.
7. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To inform readers of wildfires in Greece.
B. To encourage readers to donate to survivors.
C. To equip people with surviving skills in wildfires.
D. To raise people’s awareness about the climate crisis.
C
Compassion has not been a traditional characteristic of sport. With its UK roots in 19th-century British public schools and universities, modern sport developed as way of creating strong military leaders, training them to develop adaptability defined in those times by iron will and biting the bullet. Fear and harsh criticism were crucial to toughening up players and soldiers alike. The “tough guy” narrative was strengthened by 20th-century media stereotypes and Hollywood’s heroes and became rooted into sport and society.
I’ve heard countless stories like the popular culture I found when I joined the Olympic rowing team in the mid-1990s. We were expected to suffer after mistakes or losses to show that we truly cared, and everyone believed coaches needed to be severe and unforgiving to get results. These approaches still exist. But an alternative approach with compassion at its center addresses aims of performance and wellbeing for those with greater ambitions.
This isn’t some soft option which plays down hard work, as supporters of the earlier traditional sporting mindset might criticize. Research across branches of psychology — behavioral, sports, positive — shows how compassion creates the strongest foundation for adaptability and sustained performance under pressure whether in sport, the military, healthcare or business. Rather than activating our threat system which began to help us survive way back, compassion helps us to feel safe and protected, leaving us free to learn, connect with others and start exploring what we’re capable of.
The continuous need to improve performance has led top coaches to appreciate that high performance requires levels of support to match the level of challenge. When you provide that, players start thriving while striving to achieve more. Rooted in compassion, a different coach-athlete relationship thus develops.
The dictionary definition of compassion includes the recognition of another’s suffering and the desire and support to relieve passion has been shown to decrease fear of failure and increase the likelihood of trying again when failure does happen. But how many talented athletes experience that depth of support in moments of crisis and failure
8. What does the underlined phrase “biting the bullet” in paragraph one mean
A. Commitment. B. Ambition. C. Suffering. D. Toughness.
9. Why is the example of rowing team mentioned in the second paragraph
A. To arouse people’s interest about rowing.
B. To recall a painful training experience.
C. To draw a distinction between training approaches.
D. To bring out a compassion-centered training approach.
10. What does the paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Criticism about the compassion. B. Necessity of employing compassion.
C. Characteristics about the compassion. D. Fields that compassion is involved in.
11. What would the author possibly agree
A. The media is active in developing tough training style.
B. Extraordinary athletes rarely received enough support.
C. The compassion-centered training is widely used in sports.
D. Compassion means more openness to failure and less training.
D
The past three weeks have witnessed the dramatic rise and fall of a new candidate for the materials science: a superconductor (超导体) that works at room temperature. On July 22th 2023, a team of researchers in South Korea reported their findings on a substance they called LK-99, claiming that its discovery was a “brand new historical moment”. A hit of online physics discussions followed, only to fall flat two weeks later. LK-99, it seemed, was a bubble (泡沫).
Whenever electrical power runs through a transmission (传送) line, some is lost as waste heat, a common tax forced by the laws of nature. The huge potential of superconductors is that they carry electricity over large distances with perfect efficiency, having the greatest impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution. If we ever figure out how to produce them cheaply and make them work at room temperature rather than only at hundreds of degrees below zero, it would revolutionize our economy and help save the environment.
Superconductors can also achieve things like powerful magnetic (磁场的) fields in mid-air, enabling new electronic devices, computers and modes of transportation. This technology has been in development in Japan for decades, with maglev trains originally projected to open to the public in 2027, running at speeds up to 375 miles per hour between Tokyo and Nagoya.
The pull of a room-temperature superconductor grows as our economic and environmental picture darkens. It’s the kind of miracle material that could slow climate change while driving global economy, realized new technologies seen in science fiction.
We still don’t know whether the field of superconductivity research will benefit from the new paths opened up by the LK-99 in the last few weeks. It’s a field where theory and experiment have often challenged each other, and our expectations of what is possible have frequently been questioned by what has been observed. Although public interest will no doubt fade for now, an obvious promise remains: a superconducting golden age might be just over the horizon, and the role of science is clear-to find a way to get us there.
12. What can we learn about electricity from the text
A. We should pay the tax using electricity.
B. The law of nature regulates the electricity tax.
C. Electricity loss during transmission is unavoidable.
D. Electricity loss can be reduced to zero by superconductors.
13. What may happen if superconductors are materialized
A. The electricity bill will become a huge burden.
B. The issue of climate change will be dealt with.
C. The economy and environment will start to fade.
D. The new modes of transportation are more available.
14. What is the author’s attitude to superconductors
A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Confident. D. Indifferent.
15. What would be the best title of the passage
A. Bubble Burst: Where Is Superconductor LK-99 Going.
B. Superconductor: Why It Sends Scientists Heart Racing.
C. Material Science: How It Booms with Superconductors.
D. Superconductor: How It Becomes the Commander of Technology.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Take a Leap to Find Luck
What is luck I’ve realized, by watching so long, that luck is rarely a lightning strike, isolated and dramatic. ____16____ Sometimes it’s calm, and sometimes it blows in gusts, and sometimes it comes from directions that you didn’t even imagine.
So how do you catch the winds of luck ____17____ So I’m going to share three things with you that you can do to build a sail to capture the winds of luck. The first thing to do is to change your relationship with yourself. ____18____ When we’re children, we do this all the time. We have to do this if we’re going to learn how to walk or talk or ride a bike. The problem is, as we get older, we rarely do this. We sort of lock down the sense of who we are and don’t stretch anymore.
The second thing to do is to change your relationship with other people. You need to understand that everyone who helps you on your journey is playing a huge role in getting you to your goals. ____19____ And if you don’t show appreciation, not only are you not closing the loop, but you’re missing an opportunity.
And third, you want to change your relationship with ideas. Most people look at new ideas that come their way and they judge them. “That’s a great idea” or “That’s a terrible idea.” But it’s actually much more different. Ideas are neither good nor bad. And in fact, the seeds of terrible ideas are often something truly remarkable. ____20____
So, yes, sometimes people were born into terrible circumstances, and sometimes, luck is a lightning bolt that hits us with something wonderful or something terrible. But the winds of luck are always there.
A. It’s easy but it’s not obvious.
B. Judgment brings fear and hope.
C. You need to acknowledge what they’re doing.
D. Nothing comes to you accidentally or randomly.
E. It’s much more like the wind, blowing constantly.
F. Be willing to take small risks that get you out of your comfort zone.
G. When they’re turned into something brilliant, amazing things may happen.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Today was another enlightening day at my new American school. Back in China, lunchtime is a ____21____ hour. We eat, talk, and most importantly, take a short nap (小睡) to ____22____ for the afternoon. This relaxing routine of our midday break allowed for a ____23____ escape from the day’s demands. But here It’s like a ____24____ against the clock.
The bell rang, and everyone ____25____ to the cafeteria. I followed, naively (天真地) thinking I’d have ____26____ time to eat and perhaps even close my eyes for a moment. However, I barely had time to finish my sandwich before the next bell hit. Where did the time go
And the nap Forget about it. There’s no ____27____ for that comfort here. In China, we have these cozy mats in the classroom for our post-lunch rest. But in America, the ____28____ of napping in school seems as ____29____ to them as the absence of a nap is to me.
At first, I felt quite sleepy in the afternoon classes. I ____30____ that brief break we get in China. But then I noticed something. Even without the nap, my classmates were hardly tired. Perhaps they’re used to this fast schedule, or maybe they ____31____ on pure youthful energy. Who knows
I’m beginning to ____32____ that life here is simply faster. People eat ____33____, converse rapidly, and shift swiftly. It’s a(n) ____34____ with the life style back in China, but perhaps it’s not harmful, just another ____35____ of life.
21. A. cherished B. productive C. fixed D. secure
22. A. fight B. recharge C. settle D. evaluate
23. A. narrow B. secret C. desperate D. peaceful
24. A. march B. test C. race D. game
25. A. paraded B. wandered C. leapt D. rushed
26. A. inadequate B. sufficient C. limited D. golden
27. A. excuse B. doubt C. boundary D. access
28. A. concept B. application C. benefit D. knowledge
29. A. scary B. odd C. awkward D. shallow
30. A. replaced B. postponed C. missed D. supported
31. A. operate B. insist C. concentrate D. reflect
32. A. consider B. question C. grasp D. imagine
33. A. regularly B. hurriedly C. properly D. eventually
34. A. agreement B. interaction C. connection D. contrast
35 A. manner B. circumstance C. moment D. challenge
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, a man of distinction. He ____36____ (bear) in Hangzhou, was admitted to the aeronautics department of the MIT in 1934. After graduating with his PhD, he was employed as ____37____ assistant researcher at Caltech. Qian’s missile designs laid the foundation for the successful building of missiles in the US in the 1940s and 1950s, ____38____ (make) him a world-renowned rocketeer.
When he learnt of the ____39____ (thrill) news of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, Qian resolutely gave up his privileged conditions in the US and decided to return to his longed-for homeland to contribute as much as he could ____40____ his own nation.
Upon returning to China, Qian Xuesen was actively involved in research work. Under his ____41____ (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first rocket in 1960, ____42____ in 1964, it was a great success to run the flight test of China’s first self-designed medium-range rocket. In 1965, Qian’s proposal ____43____ (develop) an artificial satellite was included in the country’s key projects, after ____44____ the first artificial satellite was finally launched into space in 1970.
In 1999, Qian Xuesen ____45____ (award) the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” Meritorious Medal by the government of PRC, and was hailed as the “Father of China’s Missiles” for his significant contributions to China’s space industry.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，与交换生同学Sam要共同完成一篇英语小论文。Sam提议用AI完成初稿。请你用英语给他发一封邮件，内容包括：1. 你对Sam提议的想法和理由；2. 你的建议及计划。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad, John, was a basketball fan. He played in college and even coached a local youth team for a few years. His love for the game was unbelievable, and some of my earliest memories are of us playing basketball in the nearby court. I’ve even seen old photos of him in his college days, a proud smile on his face as he held a basketball. But when it came to my own involvement in basketball, he was surprisingly positive that I should focus only on study. “Basketball won’t pay the bills,” he’d often say, a statement that always struck me as ironic (讽刺的) given how much he loved the sport.
I loved basketball too, and I was pretty good at it. My school coach, Coach Miller, saw potential in me and encouraged me to join the school team. He said I had a natural talent that could take me far if I trained hard. But my dad was against it. He believed that sports would distract me from my studies, and with the final exam around the corner, he didn’t want to take any chances. “Your future is in the classroom, not on the court,” he would insist, dashing my dreams of following in his athletic footsteps.
This tension between us reached a peak when my head teacher, Mrs. Williams, announced a school basketball tournament (联赛). It was a big deal; students from the whole city would come to watch. My friends were excited, and even some teachers were talking about it. However, I knew I couldn’t participate without my dad’s approval. It felt like an invisible chain holding me back, a conflict between my passion and his expectations.
Then something unexpected happened. Mrs. Williams called my dad for a meeting. I was nervous but also hopeful. Mrs. Williams was not just an educator; she was also a parent and understood the balance between academics and extracurricular activities. She had seen students succeed in both, and I hoped she could convince my dad.
After the meeting, my dad seemed to be in deep thought. He didn’t speak immediately, taking his time as if weighing his words carefully. Finally, he broke the silence, “Mrs. Williams made some good points about teamwork and discipline. Maybe it’s time to rethink my stance (立场) on you playing basketball.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was thrilled but also cautious. “So, can I play in the tournament ” I asked.
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As I scanned the audience, I spotted my dad.
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