江苏省南京市金陵河西中学2023-2024学年
高一下上学期英语10月月考试卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
Bullying(欺凌) can happen to anyone. A great many children around the world are bullied every year, but there are things that can be done to help.
What is bullying
Bullying is when someone makes you feel bad or hurts you again and again. Bullying can happen at school, out of school and online. Bullying includes:
·calling people mean(恶意的)names
·laughing at people
·telling lies about people
·taking someone’s things without permission
·not letting someone play in a group
·hitting people
What is cyberbullying
Cyberbullying includes:
·sending bad messages online
·sharing photos online without permission
·not letting someone be part of an online group
·spreading lies online
What can you do
If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult that you know and like. For example, talk to a parent or a teacher.
If you get bad messages, don’t reply. You should save them and give them to your teacher, your family, or the police. Ask an adult for help. Don’t share anything before you make sure it is true. That will help stop the cyberbullying.
Talk to your parent or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend.
Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person.
And always remember: think about how to be kind in the future.
For more information, click(点击) here and visit our home page at www..
1. Which of the following behaviours is considered as bullying
A. Laughing with people. B. Hitting people.
C. Telling funny stories about people. D. Calling people nicknames.
2. What should you do if you’re unkind to someone
A Talk with the person to say sorry. B. Forget it and learn to be kind in the future.
C. Send a bad message to the person. D. Turn to his/her parents for help.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. The Internet. D. A science report.
B
On Sept 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
Called the “daughter of Dunhuang”, her story with the caves started 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time.
“Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking. But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine (神圣的) beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth,” Fan told Gansu Daily.
Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water. They stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do whatever they could to protect and restore them.
In 2011, after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves compiled (编写) by Fan’s team was finally published. It was known as China’s first professional report on cave archaeology, reported Gansu Daily.
As time passed Fan found a serious problem. The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade. A solution needed to be found to preserve (保护) Dunhuang’s heritage.
In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance. She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics (文物) there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world.
“In my whole life, I’ve only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves,” she told People’s Daily. “My heart belongs to Dunhuang.”
4. What can we learn about Fan from the article
A. She began her work at the Mogao Caves at 23.
B. She is a woman of great determination.
C. Her health was affected by her hard work.
D. She studied archaeology at Nanjing University.
5. What was Fan’s first impression of Dunhuang
A. The environment was terrible.
B. It was an amazing place.
C. The working conditions were better than expected.
D. She felt a deep connection to the caves.
6. What pushed Fan to establish a digital database for the Mogao Caves
A. Her desire to promote Chinese culture.
B Her interest in computer technology.
C. The need to document the restoration work.
D. The increasing threat to the physical caves.
7. What does Fan think of her work in Dunhuang
A. It has been her lifelong calling. B. It has won her recognition.
C. It has inspired many young people. D. It has promoted cultural exchange.
C
A recent study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important. These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion connections in the brain o a three-year-old child.
Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at telling different sound patterns. The researchers produced images o the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example5one order was mu—ba—ba. This is the pattern "A -B— B”. Another order was mu—ba—ge. This is the pattern "A-B—C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the "A—B-B” pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive（敏感）to where it occurred in the order.
Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the base of words and grammar, "Position is key to language," she says. "If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference： 'John caught the bear' is very different from 'The bear caught John.
Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphones——no matter how educational—— doesn't appear to be enough for children's brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who'd watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to- face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish （辨别）between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies-regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing.
8. Why are early experiences so important to children according to the study
A. They can show connections in their brains.
B. They can increase new information of IQs.
C. They can offer children more attention,
D. They can help to develop their brains.
9. How was the research carried out
A. By recognizing babies5 different appearances.
B. By producing images of new words for babies,
C. By testing how babies' brains learn to speak language.
D. By checking babies' brains to identify different sound patterns.
10. Why is Gervain excited about the findings
A. Grammar is important in learning languages,
B. Different orders of sounds have different meanings.
C. The order of words comes from its grammar meaning.
D. Different languages have different grammar rules.
11. What is Patricia Kuhl most likely to agree
A. Learning Chinese is of great benefit to babies' brains.
B. Babies are better than adults in learning a foreign language.
C. Face-to-face communication can improve babies' brains.
D. Babies learn a lot from television, audio books or the Internet.
D
There are many idioms or sayings in English that we use when we want to describe relationships between and among friends. Here are a few to practice with your friends.
The idiom “through thick and thin” is used to describe a friend who is loyal and supportive during bad times as well as good times. It most often describes a friendship that has been strong for a long time. Here are two examples: John and Lisa have been friends through thick and thin. My best friend and I stayed together through thick and thin.
If two people are “like two peas(豌豆) in a pod”, it means that they get along very well. They are two very good friends and they are very similar to each other. I have never seen Lola and Camille argue; they are like two peas in a pod.
Some friends are especially sympathetic and easy to talk to. They are not judgmental or impatient. They are good at sharing our pain, which helps ease our pain. A friend like this is often called “a shoulder to cry on”.We can go to this person with a problem or sadness and they bring comfort to us.
“To hit it off” with someone means to immediately like or get along with someone. This usually happens the first time two people are meeting. They often share interests, goals, and beliefs. This can happen between friends who like each other at first sight. Carmen and Isabel hit it off at the party and are going to a movie together today. Mike and I did not hit it off on our first date but we are going to try once more.
12. Which of the following may be friends through thick and thin
A. Friends who often play games.
B. Friends who help reduce pain.
C. Friends who are easy to deal with.
D. Friends who share a long friendship.
13. Which of the following idioms describes two similar friends
A. To hit it off.
B. Two peas in a pod.
C. A shoulder to cry on.
D. Through thick and thin.
14. What can a friend with a shoulder to cry on provide when we are in trouble
A. Impatience.
B. Advice.
C. Judgment.
D. Comfort.
15. What’s the purpose of writing the article
A. To introduce some English idioms.
B. To explain what a good friendship is.
C. To teach readers how to learn idioms well.
D. To offer some examples of English sentences.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For many high school students, it seems that there is never enough time. There are several steps you can take to organize your time better.
Make a to-do list every day. It makes it easy to plan any activities or meetings you may have in addition to homework. Be sure to set priorities (优先事项).______16______
Use spare time wisely. Instead of wasting your spare time, read a book or do homework._____17_____If a friend asks you to do something and you have homework to do, think about which is more important and see your friend later.
Decide on the time that is good for you to do certain things. If you are more of a morning person, try getting up an hour earlier and do schoolwork before school.
Review your notes every day.____18____. If you spend a few minutes at the end of every day going over what you learned, it will mean less time spent on studying when it is time for the exam.
_____19_____Studies have shown that getting enough rest helps your memory. When you are tired, everything seems more difficult. It is best to stay on a regular sleeping cycle as much as possible.
Tell your friends and family about your work timetable. Explain that you will be working at certain times and ask them not to disturb you.___20___you can call your friends later.
A. Set goals for yourself.
B. Get a good night’s sleep.
C. Do the most important tasks first.
D. And also, do not be afraid to say “no”.
E. You should finish your task on time.
F. Don’t take phone calls during the time you set aside for work.
G. Don’t wait until just before a test to try and remember everything.
第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Preschool girl lifts old man’s spirits
When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some birthday cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing ___21___.
As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she ___22___ an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor (举止、态度) changed from distant and serious to warm and ___23___. “How old are you today ” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a ___24___ of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82 and then went their separate ways. That could have been the ___25___ of the story. But it was actually the beginning of a(n) ___26___ relationship.
Tara ___27___ the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook. Someone who ___28___ him reached out to her with Mr. Dan’s contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been ___29___ from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan ____30____ since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a ____31____ unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter.
Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted ____32____ Anxiety kept him up at all hours and ____33____ him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents—and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to ____34____ people, you will never know how you can ____35____ impact a life,” Tara Wood said.
21. A. question B. idea C. experience D. promise
22. A. passed B. stopped C. welcomed D. shocked
23. A. calm B. unpleasant C. rude D. friendly
24. A. look B. picture C. seat D. message
25. A. end B. clue C. scene D. truth
26. A. poor B. special C. ordinary D. strange
27. A. took B. drew C. sold D. posted
28. A. followed B. confused C. recognized D. cured
29 A. escaping B. benefiting C. suffering D. learning
30. A. talk B. smile C. walk D. eat
31. A. plan B. skill C. knowledge D. friendship
32. A. sleep B. chat C. meal D. view
33. A. found B. made C. watched D. regarded
34. A. notice B. award C. rescue D. attract
35. A. legally B. suitably C. responsibly D. positively
第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bringing the past to life by restoring (修复) old buildings from yesterday can show ___36___ (confident) in tomorrow. Jinan, the capital city of Shandong province, understands this.
Named a State-level historical and cultural city in 1986 by the State Council, Jinan _____37_____ (have) a large number of cultural relics (遗迹) and historic buildings.
One main example is in the ancient downtown area of Jinan. The Baroque-style building is _____38_____ former site of the city’s first cinema—Xiaoguanghan, ____39____ was built in 1904 when Jinan opened up to the outside world. By the late 1990s, the building was ____40____ danger of collapse (倒塌). The days of a good crowd of film lovers were long ____41____(go).
Li, 45, a film lover who works in the catering industry (餐饮业), decided to help restore the historic building with the local government’s support in 2008. Restoration work started in 2009, During the process, Li began to learn about the history of the cinema and _____42_____ the old building really means to Jinan’s history and China’s wider film culture.
After nearly 26 months, Xiaoguanghan ____43____ (give) new life as a film museum and restaurant. The museum now has more than 4,000 historic items, _____44_____ (include) cameras, projectors, posters and classic props (道具), making it a perfect place for visitors _____45_____ (learn) about the history and culture of Chinese cinema.
第三节：单句填空（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. I see that the public facilities are ________ (advance) in your city. (用适当的词填空)
47. We should have a ________ (balance) diet rich in fruit and vegetables. (所给词的适当形式填空）
48. ______ is known to all，the Great Wall is one of the top attractions in the world.(用适当的词填空)
49. The interesting news and stories in these resources are so ________(amaze) that you will never feel bored. (所给词的适当形式填空）
50. How do you like the Spring Festival I look forward to ________(hear) from you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Learning English is ________(challenge) but can also be interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. Most answers lie ______________ the data you collect from your customer interactions. (用适当词填空)
53. Don’t expect a junior high school student to rise ______________ the occasion like that. (用适当的词填空)
54. When he walked into the old building, he saw an ______________ (alarm) scene. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. We all thank him for his great contribution(s) ______________ the community. (用适当的词填空)
56. I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I’m ______________ (anxiety) to get help from you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. Mary decided to find a way to end the ______________ (argue) with her husband. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. In addition, there are famous artists who will perform ______________ to cut paper on the spot.
59. The little girl is eager __________that lovely new doll. (用适当的词填空)
60. It is likely ______________ the famous scientist will offer me some advice. (用适当的词填空)
61. He decided to hold a meeting in ________ (respond) to the news. （所给词的适当形式填空）
62. What will you do when you graduate __________that famous university (用适当的词填空)
63. John was at _______ loss as to how to use the new machine.(用适当的词填空)
64. It will take him a long time to make a full _______(recover)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
65. All people, whether they are young _______ old, will benefit a lot from the new policy. (用适当的词填空)
66. ______________ tough the situation is, you should take a positive attitude. (用适当的词填空)
67. This is the building________windows were all painted green. （用适当的词填空）
68. Please pass me the book the cover of ______________ is green. (用适当的词填空)
69. The way _____________ you came up with at the meeting yesterday is well worth trying. (用适当的词填空)
70. This is the very scarf ______________ mother has been looking for. (用适当的词填空)
第四部分：应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助和建议。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.安慰朋友；2.提出改善家庭关系的建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tony,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________江苏省南京市金陵河西中学2023-2024学年
高一下上学期英语10月月考试卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
Bullying(欺凌) can happen to anyone. A great many children around the world are bullied every year, but there are things that can be done to help.
What is bullying
Bullying is when someone makes you feel bad or hurts you again and again. Bullying can happen at school, out of school and online. Bullying includes:
·calling people mean(恶意的)names
·laughing at people
·telling lies about people
·taking someone’s things without permission
·not letting someone play in a group
·hitting people
What is cyberbullying
Cyberbullying includes:
·sending bad messages online
·sharing photos online without permission
·not letting someone be part of an online group
·spreading lies online
What can you do
If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult that you know and like. For example, talk to a parent or a teacher.
If you get bad messages, don’t reply. You should save them and give them to your teacher, your family, or the police. Ask an adult for help. Don’t share anything before you make sure it is true. That will help stop the cyberbullying.
Talk to your parent or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend.
Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person.
And always remember: think about how to be kind in the future.
For more information, click(点击) here and visit our home page at www..
1. Which of the following behaviours is considered as bullying
A. Laughing with people. B. Hitting people.
C. Telling funny stories about people. D. Calling people nicknames.
2. What should you do if you’re unkind to someone
A. Talk with the person to say sorry. B. Forget it and learn to be kind in the future.
C. Send a bad message to the person. D. Turn to his/her parents for help.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. The Internet. D. A science report.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了校园霸凌和网络霸凌的相关信息，以及遇到霸凌时该采取什么措施。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What is bullying 部分“·hitting people(打人)”可知，打人是欺凌行为。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 What can you do 部分“Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person.(如果你对别人不好，就说对不起。你可以写一条信息或者和那个人说话)”可知，如果你对某人不友好，你该和那个人说对不起。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一句“For more information, click(点击) here and visit our home page at www..(欲了解更多信息，请点击这里和访问我们的主页www.)”可推知，本文来源于网络。故选C。
B
On Sept 7, famous Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi, 85, was awarded by UNESCO for her contribution (贡献) to the protection of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang.
Called the “daughter of Dunhuang”, her story with the caves started 60 years ago. In 1963, Fan, then a 25-year-old Peking University graduate, had the chance to work at the Mogao Caves, a place she had wanted to explore for a long time.
“Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking. But only when truly staying here did I realize that inside the caves is a world of divine (神圣的) beauty while outside is a land of blowing sand and yellow earth,” Fan told Gansu Daily.
Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water. They stayed inside the caves to do research, copy murals (壁画), and do whatever they could to protect and restore them.
In 2011, after 40 years of hard work, a report on 10 Mogao Caves compiled (编写) by Fan’s team was finally published. It was known as China’s first professional report on cave archaeology, reported Gansu Daily.
As time passed, Fan found a serious problem. The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade. A solution needed to be found to preserve (保护) Dunhuang’s heritage.
In the late 1980s Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance. She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics (文物) there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world.
“In my whole life, I’ve only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves,” she told People’s Daily. “My heart belongs to Dunhuang.”
4. What can we learn about Fan from the article
A. She began her work at the Mogao Caves at 23.
B. She is a woman of great determination.
C. Her health was affected by her hard work.
D. She studied archaeology at Nanjing University.
5. What was Fan’s first impression of Dunhuang
A. The environment was terrible.
B. It was an amazing place.
C. The working conditions were better than expected.
D. She felt a deep connection to the caves.
6. What pushed Fan to establish a digital database for the Mogao Caves
A. Her desire to promote Chinese culture.
B. Her interest in computer technology.
C. The need to document the restoration work.
D. The increasing threat to the physical caves.
7. What does Fan think of her work in Dunhuang
A. It has been her lifelong calling. B. It has won her recognition.
C. It has inspired many young people. D. It has promoted cultural exchange.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟所做的贡献。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Back in those days, the Mogao Caves were almost completely cut off from the world. Fan and her coworkers had to live in mud houses and drink salty water. (那时候，莫高窟几乎与外界完全隔绝。樊和她的同事不得不住在泥房子里，喝咸水)”可推知，在如此艰难的环境工作，樊锦诗是一个意志坚定的女人。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Seeing Dunhuang for the first time was breathtaking (第一次看到敦煌是惊人的)”可知，樊锦诗第一次见到敦煌时觉得那是一个令人惊奇的地方。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第六段中“The increasing number of tourists visiting Dunhuang might harm the caves, causing the murals inside to fade. (越来越多的游客来敦煌旅游，可能会损害洞穴，导致里面的壁画褪色)”和第七段中“In the late 1980s, Fan stumbled upon computer technology by chance. She realized that this might preserve the Mogao Caves forever. After over 30 years of exploration, the Dunhuang Academy built a digital database to protect cultural relics (文物) there, allowing Dunhuang’s art to live forever and to step out of the caves to meet the world. (在20世纪80年代末，范偶然发现了计算机技术。她意识到这可能会永远保存莫高窟。经过30多年的探索，敦煌研究院建立了一个数字数据库来保护那里的文物，让敦煌的艺术永远活下去，走出洞穴，与世界相遇)”可推知，越来越多的游客来敦煌旅游，对实体洞穴的威胁越来越大，促使范为莫高窟建立数字数据库。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段““In my whole life, I’ve only done one thing: protect and promote the world cultural heritage of the Mogao Caves,” she told People’s Daily. “My heart belongs to Dunhuang.” (“在我的一生中，我只做了一件事：保护和促进莫高窟的世界文化遗产，”她在接受《人民日报》采访时表示。“我的心属于敦煌。”)”可知，樊锦诗觉得她在敦煌的工作是她一生的使命。故选A。
C
A recent study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important. These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion connections in the brain o a three-year-old child.
Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at telling different sound patterns. The researchers produced images o the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example5one order was mu—ba—ba. This is the pattern "A -B— B”. Another order was mu—ba—ge. This is the pattern "A-B—C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the "A—B-B” pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive（敏感）to where it occurred in the order.
Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the base of words and grammar, "Position is key to language," she says. "If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference： 'John caught the bear' is very different from 'The bear caught John.
Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphones——no matter how educational—— doesn't appear to be enough for children's brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who'd watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to- face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish （辨别）between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies-regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing.
8. Why are early experiences so important to children according to the study
A. They can show connections in their brains.
B. They can increase new information of IQs.
C. They can offer children more attention,
D. They can help to develop their brains.
9. How was the research carried out
A. By recognizing babies5 different appearances.
B. By producing images of new words for babies,
C. By testing how babies' brains learn to speak language.
D. By checking babies' brains to identify different sound patterns.
10. Why is Gervain excited about the findings
A. Grammar is important in learning languages,
B. Different orders of sounds have different meanings.
C. The order of words comes from its grammar meaning.
D. Different languages have different grammar rules.
11. What is Patricia Kuhl most likely to agree
A. Learning Chinese is of great benefit to babies' brains.
B. Babies are better than adults in learning a foreign language.
C. Face-to-face communication can improve babies' brains.
D. Babies learn a lot from television, audio books or the Internet.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。通过研究表明，孩子们早期经历很重要。这些经历会影响大脑的发育。当孩子得到更多的关注时，他们的智商通常会更高。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“These experiences affect the development of the brain. ”（这些经历会影响大脑的发育。）可知，早期经历对孩子如此重要是因为它们可以帮助发育孩子的大脑。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at telling different sound patterns.”（研究人员朱迪特·格尔万测试了新生儿辨别不同声音模式的能力。）可知，这个研究是通过检查婴儿的大脑如何识别不同的声音模式来实施的。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the base of words and grammar, "Position is key to language," she says. "If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference： 'John caught the bear' is very different from 'The bear caught John.”（Gervain对这些发现感到兴奋，因为声音的顺序是单词和语法的基础，“位置是语言的关键，”她说。“如果某件事是在开头还是在结尾，这有很大的不同:‘John caught the bear’和‘the bear caught John’是非常不同的。）可知，Gervain对这些发现感到兴奋的原因是不同顺序的声音有不同的含义。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They expected the first group who'd watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to- face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish （辨别）between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies-regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing.”（他们希望，第一组看了中文视频人和第二组面对面用同样的声音学习的人表现出同样的学习效果。相反，他们发现了巨大的差异。第二组的婴儿能够区分相似的汉语声音，也能区分母语的人。但是其他的宝宝——不管它们是看电视还是听音频，都没有学到东西）可知，接受面对面交流的宝宝大脑发育更好。所以Patricia Kuhl最可能认同面对面的交流可以改善婴儿的大脑。故选C。
D
There are many idioms or sayings in English that we use when we want to describe relationships between and among friends. Here are a few to practice with your friends.
The idiom “through thick and thin” is used to describe a friend who is loyal and supportive during bad times as well as good times. It most often describes a friendship that has been strong for a long time. Here are two examples: John and Lisa have been friends through thick and thin. My best friend and I stayed together through thick and thin.
If two people are “like two peas(豌豆) in a pod”, it means that they get along very well. They are two very good friends and they are very similar to each other. I have never seen Lola and Camille argue; they are like two peas in a pod.
Some friends are especially sympathetic and easy to talk to. They are not judgmental or impatient. They are good at sharing our pain, which helps ease our pain. A friend like this is often called “a shoulder to cry on”.We can go to this person with a problem or sadness and they bring comfort to us.
“To hit it off” with someone means to immediately like or get along with someone. This usually happens the first time two people are meeting. They often share interests, goals, and beliefs. This can happen between friends who like each other at first sight. Carmen and Isabel hit it off at the party and are going to a movie together today. Mike and I did not hit it off on our first date but we are going to try once more.
12. Which of the following may be friends through thick and thin
A. Friends who often play games.
B. Friends who help reduce pain.
C. Friends who are easy to deal with.
D. Friends who share a long friendship.
13. Which of the following idioms describes two similar friends
A. To hit it off.
B. Two peas in a pod.
C. A shoulder to cry on.
D. Through thick and thin.
14. What can a friend with a shoulder to cry on provide when we are in trouble
A. Impatience.
B. Advice.
C. Judgment.
D. Comfort.
15. What’s the purpose of writing the article
A. To introduce some English idioms.
B. To explain what a good friendship is.
C. To teach readers how to learn idioms well.
D. To offer some examples of English sentences.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些与友情相关的习语。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The idiom “through thick and thin” is used to describe a friend who is loyal and supportive during bad times as well as good times. It most often describes a friendship that has been strong for a long time.（“同甘共苦”这个成语用来描述无论顺境还是逆境，朋友都是忠诚的、支持你的。它通常用来形容一段长久的友谊。）”可知，拥有长久友谊的朋友可能是同甘共苦的朋友。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“If two people are “like two peas(豌豆) in a pod”, it means that they get along very well. They are two very good friends and they are very similar to each other.（如果两个人" like two peas in a pod "，意思是他们相处得很好。他们是两个非常好的朋友，他们非常相像。）”可知，“Two peas in a pod.”这个习语描述了两个相似的朋友。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A friend like this is often called “a shoulder to cry on”.We can go to this person with a problem or sadness and they bring comfort to us.（这样的朋友通常被称为“可以依靠的肩膀”。我们可以带着问题或悲伤去找这个人，他们会给我们带来安慰。）”可知，当我们陷入困境时，一个有肩膀可以依靠的朋友能提供安慰。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There are many idioms or sayings in English that we use when we want to describe relationships between and among friends. Here are a few to practice with your friends.（当我们想要描述朋友之间的关系时，英语中有很多习语或谚语。这里有一些可以和你的朋友一起练习。）”可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一些关于友情的习语。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For many high school students, it seems that there is never enough time. There are several steps you can take to organize your time better.
Make a to-do list every day. It makes it easy to plan any activities or meetings you may have in addition to homework. Be sure to set priorities (优先事项).______16______
Use spare time wisely. Instead of wasting your spare time, read a book or do homework._____17_____If a friend asks you to do something and you have homework to do, think about which is more important and see your friend later.
Decide on the time that is good for you to do certain things. If you are more of a morning person, try getting up an hour earlier and do schoolwork before school.
Review your notes every day.____18____. If you spend a few minutes at the end of every day going over what you learned, it will mean less time spent on studying when it is time for the exam.
_____19_____Studies have shown that getting enough rest helps your memory. When you are tired, everything seems more difficult. It is best to stay on a regular sleeping cycle as much as possible.
Tell your friends and family about your work timetable. Explain that you will be working at certain times and ask them not to disturb you.___20___you can call your friends later.
A. Set goals for yourself.
B. Get a good night’s sleep.
C. Do the most important tasks first.
D. And also, do not be afraid to say “no”.
E. You should finish your task on time.
F. Don’t take phone calls during the time you set aside for work.
G Don’t wait until just before a test to try and remember everything.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章针对似乎永远没有足够的时间的高中生，主要介绍了合理安排时间的一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文“Be sure to set priorities(优先事项).(一定要确定优先次序)”说明做事情要有优先顺序，先做重要的，然后做次要的。选项C“先做最重要的任务。”承接上文，做事情有优先次序，先做最重要的。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下文“If a friend asks you to do something and you have homework to do, think about which is more important and see your friend later.(如果一个朋友让你做某事，而你有家庭作业要做，想想哪个更重要，然后再去找你的朋友)”说明有作业要做时，要拒绝朋友让你做的事情，选项D“还有，不要害怕说‘不’。”引出下文，是对下文的总结，故选D项。
【18题详解】
上文“Review your notes every day.(每天复习你的笔记)”说明要每天都复习笔记，笔记的知识点是不能一下子记住的。选项G“不要等到考试前才试图记住所有的东西。”承接上文，是对上文的进一步解释。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“Studies have shown that getting enough rest helps your memory. When you are tired, everything seems more difficult. It is best to stay on a regular sleeping cycle as much as possible.(研究表明，充足的休息有助于提高记忆力。当你累的时候，一切似乎都变得更加困难。最好尽可能保持有规律的睡眠周期)”说明良好睡眠的重要性，选项B“得到一个良好的睡眠。”能概括本段大意，为最佳小标题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
下文“you can call your friends later.(你可以稍后打给你的朋友)”说明在你工作时，不能接电话，之后再回过去。选项F“在你工作时，不要接电话。”引出下文，之后再回电话。故选F项。
第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Preschool girl lifts old man’s spirits
When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some birthday cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing ___21___.
As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she ___22___ an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor (举止、态度) changed from distant and serious to warm and ___23___. “How old are you today ” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a ___24___ of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82 and then went their separate ways. That could have been the ___25___ of the story. But it was actually the beginning of a(n) ___26___ relationship.
Tara ___27___ the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook. Someone who ___28___ him reached out to her with Mr. Dan’s contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been ___29___ from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan ____30____ since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a ____31____ unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter.
Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted ____32____ Anxiety kept him up at all hours and ____33____ him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents—and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to ____34____ people, you will never know how you can ____35____ impact a life,” Tara Wood said.
21. A. question B. idea C. experience D. promise
22. A. passed B. stopped C. welcomed D. shocked
23. A. calm B. unpleasant C. rude D. friendly
24. A. look B. picture C. seat D. message
25. A. end B. clue C. scene D. truth
26. A. poor B. special C. ordinary D. strange
27. A. took B. drew C. sold D. posted
28. A. followed B. confused C. recognized D. cured
29. A. escaping B. benefiting C. suffering D. learning
30. A. talk B. smile C. walk D. eat
31. A. plan B. skill C. knowledge D. friendship
32. A. sleep B. chat C. meal D. view
33. A. found B. made C. watched D. regarded
34. A. notice B. award C. rescue D. attract
35. A. legally B. suitably C. responsibly D. positively
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了4岁的小女孩诺拉用爱温暖了82岁的孤身老人丹·彼得森，让他摆脱了抑郁和焦虑之苦。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当塔拉·伍德带着四岁的女儿去杂货店给她买生日蛋糕时，她不知道这将是一次改变人生的经历。A. question问题；B. idea想法；C. experience经历；D. promise承诺。根据下文讲述的诺拉与82岁的老人丹·彼得森结为朋友并用爱温暖他、让他摆脱了抑郁和焦虑之苦这件事可知此处指“经历”，故C项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，当塔拉推着女儿诺拉逛商店时，她们从一个孤身老人身边经过。A. passed经过；B. stopped拦下； C. welcomed欢迎；D. shocked使震惊。根据空后的“an old man who was by himself”及诺拉与这位老人对话的情节可知，逛商店时，她们从一个孤身老人身边经过，故A项正确。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人停了下来，表情从冷淡严肃变为热情友好。A. calm冷静的；B. unpleasant不高兴的；C. rude粗鲁的；D. friendly友好的。根据空前的“warm”可知此处指“热情友好”，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺拉让妈妈给她和82岁的新朋友丹·彼得森拍一张合影。A. look看；B. picture照片；C. seat座位；D. message信息。根据下文中的“the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan”可知，诺拉让妈妈给她和丹·彼得森拍一张合影，take a photo of表示“给……拍一张照片”，故B项正确。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可能以为故事就这样结束了，但这实际上是一种特殊关系的开始。A. end结束；B. clue线索；C. scene场景；D. truth真相。根据空后的“But it was actually the beginning of a(n) ___6___ relationship.”可知此处是说你可能以为故事就这样结束了，故A项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. poor贫穷的；B. special特殊的；C. ordinary普通的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文所说的“诺拉和82岁的丹建立了一种不同于其他人的友谊”可知，他们之间是一种特殊的关系，故B项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：塔拉把女儿和丹·彼得森的合影发到了脸书上。A. took拿；B. drew画；C. sold卖；D. posted发帖。根据空后的“the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook.”可知，塔拉把诺拉和丹·彼得森的合影发到了脸书上，故D项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个认出了丹·彼得森的人向她提供了丹·彼得森的联系方式。A. followed跟随；B. confused使困惑；C. recognized认出；D. cured治愈。空后说这个人向塔拉提供了丹·彼得森的联系方式，这说明他认出了照片中的丹·彼得森，故C项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来，丹·彼得森的妻子于今年3月去世，此后他一直饱受抑郁和焦虑之苦。A. escaping from从……中逃离；B. benefiting from从……中受益；C. suffering from患有……、受……之苦；D. learning from向……学习。根据空前的“Mr. Dan’s wife died”及空后的“depression and anxiety”可知，妻子的死让丹·彼得森饱受抑郁和焦虑之苦，故C项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人告诉塔拉，这是丹的妻子去世后，他们第一次看到他的脸上露出了笑容。A. talk说话；B. smile微笑；C. walk走路；D. eat吃饭。空前一句说丹的妻子去世后他一直饱受抑郁症和焦虑之苦，应该是很少笑，因此这是别人第一次看到他的脸上露出了笑容，故B项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：塔拉联系了丹，自此诺拉和82岁的丹建立了一种不同于其他人的友谊。A. plan计划；B. skill技能；C. knowledge知识；D. friendship友谊。根据上文中的“her new friend”及下文诺拉给丹送去了生日礼物的情节可知，诺拉和丹建立起了友谊，故D项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丹告诉塔拉，在见到诺拉之前，他没有睡过一晚整觉。A. sleep睡眠；B. chat聊天；C. meal膳食；D. view观察。空后一句说焦虑使丹终日睡不着，坐立不安，因此他没有睡过一晚整觉，故A项正确。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：焦虑使他终日睡不着，坐立不安。A. found发现；B. made使、让；C. watched看；D. regarded看待。根据空前的“Anxiety kept him up at all hours”可知，焦虑使他终日睡不着，坐立不安，故B项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你不花时间去注意别人，你就永远不知道你如何能对生活产生积极的影响。A. notice注意；B. award奖励、授予；C. rescue援救；D. attract吸引。根据上文情节可知，当塔拉推着女儿诺拉逛商店时，诺拉注意到了一个孤身老人并主动和他说话，因此此处指“注意别人”，故A项正确。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. legally合法地；B. suitably适当地；C. responsibly负责地；D. positively积极地。根据全文内容可知，诺拉用爱温暖了82岁的孤身老人丹·彼得森，让他摆脱了抑郁和焦虑之苦，这说明诺拉对他产生了积极的影响，故D项正确。
【点睛】本篇第14空C项rescue干扰性较大，有些同学认为塔拉帮助82岁的丹·彼得森而误选此项，但根据上文中的“As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she ___2___ an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!””可知，当塔拉推着女儿诺拉逛商店时，诺拉注意到了一个孤身老人并主动和他说话，这说明诺拉留意身边的人，因此此处指“注意别人”，即：如果你不花时间去注意别人，你就永远不知道你如何能对生活产生积极的影响，故A项（notice）正确。
第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bringing the past to life by restoring (修复) old buildings from yesterday can show ___36___ (confident) in tomorrow. Jinan, the capital city of Shandong province, understands this.
Named a State-level historical and cultural city in 1986 by the State Council, Jinan _____37_____ (have) a large number of cultural relics (遗迹) and historic buildings.
One main example is in the ancient downtown area of Jinan. The Baroque-style building is _____38_____ former site of the city’s first cinema—Xiaoguanghan, ____39____ was built in 1904 when Jinan opened up to the outside world. By the late 1990s, the building was ____40____ danger of collapse (倒塌). The days of a good crowd of film lovers were long ____41____(go).
Li, 45, a film lover who works in the catering industry (餐饮业), decided to help restore the historic building with the local government’s support in 2008. Restoration work started in 2009, During the process, Li began to learn about the history of the cinema and _____42_____ the old building really means to Jinan’s history and China’s wider film culture.
After nearly 26 months, Xiaoguanghan ____43____ (give) new life as a film museum and restaurant. The museum now has more than 4,000 historic items, _____44_____ (include) cameras, projectors, posters and classic props (道具), making it a perfect place for visitors _____45_____ (learn) about the history and culture of Chinese cinema.
【答案】36. confidence
37. has 38. the
39. which 40. in
41. gone 42. what
43. was given
44. including
45. to learn
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述修复昨天的旧建筑可以重现过去，并以济南的小广寒电影院的修复为例进行说明。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过修复昨天的旧建筑来重现过去，可以显示对明天的信心。设空处为宾语，应用名词confidence，表示信心，不可数名词，故填confidence。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：济南于1986年被国务院命名为国家级历史文化名城，拥有大量的文物和历史建筑。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Jinan，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这座巴洛克风格的建筑是这座城市第一家电影院的旧址——小广寒电影院建于1904年，当时济南对外开放。设空处修饰名词短语former site，并且表示特指以前的地址，所以应用定冠词the，故填the。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xiaoguanghan，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：到20世纪90年代末，这座建筑有倒塌的危险。短语in danger of，意为“处于……危险中”，符合句意，故填in。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：大批电影爱好者的日子早已一去不复返了。表示“一去不复返”短语为long gone。故填gone。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：修复工作始于2009年，在这个过程中，李开始了解电影院的历史，以及这座老建筑对济南历史和中国更广泛的电影文化的真正意义。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what引导。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：经过近26个月的改造，小广寒作为一家电影博物馆和餐厅获得了新生。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语Xiaoguanghan，和谓语动词give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，谓语用第三人称单数，故填was given。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：该博物馆现在拥有4000多件历史物品，包括相机、投影仪、海报和经典道具，使其成为游客了解中国电影历史和文化的理想场所。结合句意，用介词including (包括)，后接名词作宾语。故填including。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该博物馆现在拥有4000多件历史物品，包括相机、投影仪、海报和经典道具，使其成为游客了解中国电影历史和文化的理想场所。此处为make it…for sb. to do sth.，it为形式宾语，所以真正的宾语应是不定式，故填to learn。
第三节：单句填空（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. I see that the public facilities are ________ (advance) in your city. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我看到你们城市的公共设施很先进。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，“advance”意为“发展，进步”，动词词性，对应的形容词为“advanced”，意为“先进的”，符合句意。故填advanced。
47. We should have a ________ (balance) diet rich in fruit and vegetables. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】balanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该有富含水果和蔬菜的平衡饮食。分析句子可知，空格处是形容词，作定语，修饰diet。故填balanced。
48. ______ is known to all，the Great Wall is one of the top attractions in the world.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，长城是世界上最吸引人的景点之一。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，且从句位于主句前，从句中缺少主语，使用关系代词as意为“正如”符合句意，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。
49. The interesting news and stories in these resources are so ________(amaze) that you will never feel bored. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】amazing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些资源中有趣的新闻和故事是如此惊人，以至于你永远不会感到无聊。are后接形容词作表语，主语为 these resources，形容词为amazing。故填amazing。
50. How do you like the Spring Festival I look forward to ________(hear) from you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hearing
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：你觉得春节怎么样 我期待着你的消息。look forward to doing sth.期待做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词hearing作宾语。故填hearing。
51. Learning English is ________(challenge) but can also be interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】challenging
【解析】
分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学习英语很有挑战性，但也很有趣。分析可知，空前“is”为系动词，所填应是形容词作表语。“challenge”，名词，意为“挑战”，其形容词形式为“challenging”，意为“有挑战性的”，符合语境和句意表达。故填challenging。
52. Most answers lie ______________ the data you collect from your customer interactions. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：大多数答案在于你从客户互动中收集的数据。lie in意为“在于”，为固定搭配。故填in。
53. Don’t expect a junior high school student to rise ______________ the occasion like that. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：不要指望一个初中生能自如应付像那样的事。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语rise to the occasion“应付自如，能够应付”，其中to为介词。故填to。
54. When he walked into the old building, he saw an ______________ (alarm) scene. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】alarming
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当他走进那栋老建筑时，他看到了令人恐慌的一幕。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词alarming“引起恐慌的，令人惊慌的”，作定语，修饰名词scene。故填alarming。
55. We all thank him for his great contribution(s) ______________ the community. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们都感谢他对社会的巨大贡献。根据空前的contribution(s) 可知，本空填介词to。固定搭配contribution(s) to表示“对……的贡献”。故填to。
56. I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I’m ______________ (anxiety) to get help from you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】anxious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我被告知学习中心为学生提供帮助，我很想得到你的帮助。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词anxious“渴望的”，作表语。故填anxious。
57. Mary decided to find a way to end the ______________ (argue) with her husband. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】argument
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：玛丽决定想办法结束和丈夫的争吵。分析句子可知，空处作end的宾语，应用名词argument，意为“争吵，争论”，且此处应该是特指与丈夫的一次争吵，argument应用单数形式。故填argument。
58. In addition, there are famous artists who will perform ______________ to cut paper on the spot.
【答案】how
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：此外，还有一些著名的艺术家将在现场表演如何剪纸。此处是 “疑问词+不定式” 结构在从句中作perform的宾语，根据句意，空处缺少“如何，怎样”，应用疑问词how。故填how。
59. The little girl is eager __________that lovely new doll. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个小女孩渴望得到那个可爱的新洋娃娃。分析句子可知，that lovely new doll为名词词组，be eager for意思为：渴望……。故填for。
60. It is likely ______________ the famous scientist will offer me some advice. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这位著名科学家很可能会给我一些建议。It作形式主语，本空引导主语从句，从句不缺少成分和含义，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。It is likely that意为“可能……”。故填that。
61. He decided to hold a meeting in ________ (respond) to the news. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】response
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他决定召开一次会议以回应这一消息。根据句意“作为回应”，空前的“in”和空后的“to”可知，此处为固定短语in response to。故填response。
62. What will you do when you graduate __________that famous university (用适当的词填空)
【答案】from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你从那所著名的大学毕业后会做什么？分析句子可知，这里考查graduate from表“从……毕业”，为固定搭配。故填from。
63. John was at _______ loss as to how to use the new machine.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：约翰不知道如何使用这台新机器。根据句意，此处表达“不知所措”，结合句子结构，at a loss不知所措，固定介词短语搭配，符合句意。故填a。
64. It will take him a long time to make a full _______(recover)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recovery
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他需要很长时间才能完全康复。full是形容词，修饰名词，recover的名词是recovery，意为“康复”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填recovery。
65. All people, whether they are young _______ old, will benefit a lot from the new policy. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】or
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：所有人，无论是年轻人还是老年人，都将从新政策中受益匪浅。根据句意和逻辑关系，whether...or...无论是…还是…，引导让步状语从句，固定搭配，符合题意。故填or。
66. ______________ tough the situation is, you should take a positive attitude. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】However
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管情况多么艰难，你都应该采取积极的态度。根据空后内容可推知，此处表示让步的关系，且空后为“形容词+主语+系动词”的结构，应用意为“不管怎样，无论如何”的连接副词however引导让步状语从句，且空处位于句首，however的首字母需大写。故填However。
67. This is the building________windows were all painted green. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是那座窗户全部漆成绿色的建筑物。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的定语从句，先行词the building与空后的名词windows之间存在所属关系，所以使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
68. Please pass me the book the cover of ______________ is green. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：请把那本封面是绿色的书递给我。此处为介词+关系代词结构的限定性定语从句，修饰先行词book，关系词作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
69. The way _____________ you came up with at the meeting yesterday is well worth trying. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that##which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你昨天在会上提出的方法很值得一试。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是way，在从句中作宾语，应用that或者which引导。故填that或者which。
70. This is the very scarf ______________ mother has been looking for. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这正是妈妈一直在找的围巾。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词scarf，指物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，并且先行词前有the very修饰，故只能用that引导。故填that。
第四部分：应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助和建议。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.安慰朋友；2.提出改善家庭关系的建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tony,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tony,
I am sorry to hear about your communication problems with your parents, but I know how you feel since I’ve had similar problems before. Here are my suggestions and I hope things can get better soon.
First, let’s put ourselves in their shoes. Parents love us and often try to prevent us from making mistakes that seem obvious to them. Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart, not a solution.So, what you need to do is tell them about this difference and put trust in them.
I hope these suggestions will help. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友托尼回信，对朋友给予安慰，并就如何改善家庭关系向对方提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestions→advice
明显的：obvious→apparent
另外：besides→in addition
信任某人：put trust in sb→believe in sb
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here are my suggestions and I hope things can get better soon.
拓展句：Here are my suggestions， which I hope can help things get better soon.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Parents love us and often try to prevent us from making mistakes that seem obvious to them.（运用了that引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】So, what you need to do is tell them about this difference and put trust in them.（运用了what引导主语从句）
