乌鲁木齐市第四中学2023-2024学年
高一上学期12月月考 英语试题
总分120分 考试时间120分钟 (人教2019必修一)
一、阅读理解(共40分)
A
Scandinavian architecture is a relatively new construct that drew public attention within the last century. It tends to include works associated with Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland, and it is undoubtedly one of the more influential styles in modern times.
The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic. Home builders influenced by this style are expert at mixing traditional vernacular (民间风俗的) styles with modern technology to create a space that is beautiful and aims to make your life better.
Before the early 20th century, much of Scandinavian architecture was vernacular in nature. Homes were built in a simple way using locally sourced materials and knowledge. However, it can be argued that this lack of formal architectural schooling promoted more craftsmanship and creativity as time went on. These vernacular builders were more concerned with function than form. An early example of this is the turf houses in Iceland, which were homes with green roofs that could keep the house in comfortable temperature throughout seasons in an affordable way.
The modern-day version of Scandinavian architecture grew out of this grassroots approach to building. Public buildings originally mixed Neoclassical elements with traditional building styles based on local practices. In the 1930s, the concept of Functionalism was introduced in Scandinavia. With its inspiration, architects wanted the buildings to be simple, but they also wanted them to be beneficial to people in some thoughtful way. For instance, the Paimio Sanatorium that was built in 1933 focused on maximizing quality air and light for tuberculosis (结核病) patients. So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about how public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind.
1. What is a feature of Scandinavian architecture before the early 20th century
A. Practical function. B. Professional design.
C. Creative appearance. D. Recyclable material.
2. What can we learn about the modern Scandinavian architecture
A. Modern technology is the biggest advantage of it.
B. Architects of this style focus on both simplicity and comfort.
C. The concept of Functionalism was rejected by Scandinavian architects.
D. Its appearance is different from that of other styles of modern architecture.
3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To attract tourists to visit Scandinavia.
B. To show respect to Scandinavian architects.
C. To introduce an architecture style from Europe.
D. To encourage more people to major in architecture.
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Entertainment. B. Society.
C. Education. D. Culture.
B
In 2002, Huang Hui, a researcher of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, went diving near Xisha. In addition to getting an irremovable suntan (晒黑), she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals (珊瑚). However, much of the breathtaking scenery of this reef has disappeared due to climate change and human activities. All of these factors led to the decline of the coral reef in the near shore waters. “We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.
In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. Now, China is in a leading position in terms of technology and coral planting scale.
Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs. “I want to call on more people to love nature and look at the ocean in awe,” Huang said.
Partly due to her efforts, Hainan Province released a law in 2017 banning reef exploitation (开发), trading and damaging.
Huang works as a consultant for customs and frontier police on coral protection and promotes coral protection in her local schools. Huang also provides online free training for divers to teach them proper behavior in the sea to protect coral reefs.
“A group of ‘folk scientists’ have also been trained with the hope that more people can gain awareness of the significance of coral reef protection and know how to protect them,” said Huang.
“I am 50 and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.
5. What impressed Huang most when going diving near Xisha in 2002
A A permanent sunburn on her skin.
B. A large quantity of colorful corals.
C. A sweet memory of her childhood.
D. The sudden disappearance of corals.
6. What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on
A. China’s advances in coral protection. B. Huang’s devotion to coral protection.
C. Huang’s concern over coral protection. D. People’s ignorance of coral protection.
7. What is the key to protecting corals according to Huang Hui
A. Introduction of advanced technology.
B. Tough laws banning reef exploitation.
C. Public awareness of coral protection.
D. Communication with foreign countries.
8. What is the best title for this passage
A. Corals in South China Sea are in danger.
B. Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem.
C. China is taking the lead in planting corals.
D. Measures are to be taken to protect corals.
C
In August 2012, when thousands of honeybees landed on the wings of a Delta aircraft headed to New York, interrupting refueling and baggage loading, Ben Shertzer, wildlife administrator at Pittsburgh International Airport, turned to master beekeeper Steve Repasky. Shertzer learned from Repasky that honeybee numbers have sharply declined in recent years. Perhaps, thought Shertzer, the airport could host some hives (蜂箱).
Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), first reported in 2006 by Pennsylvania beekeeper David Hackenberg, occurs when the vast majority of bees in any given colony — generally worker bees — die out unexpectedly. Therefore, Hackenberg transports his hives across the country to pollinate (对……授粉) crops: They might travel from Pennsylvania to California, and then, a few months later, those same hives might be moved to Maine for the blueberry crop. In 2006, Hackenberg had left 400 hives in a field to pollinate Brazilian pepper trees; when he returned to the hives a month later, all but 36 hives had been abandoned. The bees had just disappeared, leaving behind the queen and a few baby bees. By 2013, more than 10 million bee colonies had been lost worldwide.
Shertzer and Repasky approached airport management about placing hives in 2013, but were told that the program didn’t fit the airport’s vision. It wasn’t until Christina Cassotis came on board as CEO in 2015 that things turned around. The airport currently has 110 colonies. The program actually benefits the airport as well as the honeybees.
“Swarming (成群飞行) is reproductive behavior,” says Repasky. “In the spring, a healthy colony will divide into two parts, and will take off in a swarm to locate a new home, traveling upwards of a mile or more. While they’re searching, they’ll stop to rest on the first solid object they can find, whether it’s the wing of an aircraft, a runway taxi light, or a baggage cart.” To prevent this behavior, Shertzer and Repasky have placed 15 “swarm traps” around the airfield offering the bees alternative landing spots. It’s worked: Whereas the airport used to have 15 or more swarms a year interrupting air operations, in the past year it has had just three.
9 Why did Shertzer contact Repasky in 2012
A. To let him help with baggage loading.
B. To learn how to refuel a Delta aircraft.
C. To ask him to help relocate the honeybees.
D. To seek advice on how to raise honeybees.
10. What is Hackenberg’s purpose of traveling around
A. To come to crops’ rescue. B. To do research on CCD.
C. To build more new hives. D. To search for bee colonies.
11. What do “swarm traps” mentioned in the last paragraph refer to
A. Baggage carts. B. Beehives.
C. The wings of an aircraft. D. Runway taxi lights.
12. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Fun facts about honeybees B. Colony Collapse Disorder
C. The latest in airport jobs: beekeeper D. Unwanted visitors at an airport
D
People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.
All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. But it wasn’t known if stress could cause changes that could be detected. So researchers at Queen’s University Belfast, led by scientist Clara Wilson, collected breath and sweat samples(样品) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were calm and when they were stressed.
The calm part was easy. They asked people to report their stress level, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. The people were asked to wipe their skin with a clean piece of cloth. Then they had to put the cloth sample in a tube(管子), breathe on it hard three times, and seal the tube.
Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. On average, the heart rate increased from about 91 beats per minute to about 105 beats per minute.
The scientists used one of the stressed samples, along with two clean pieces of cloth, to train the dogs to find the stressed smell. Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time.
The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. Ms. Wilson says the news could be especially useful in training service dogs, since their job is to help relieve stress.
13. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2
A. One’s body smell almost stays the same.
B. Our breath and sweat contain chemicals.
C. Stress plays a big role in one’s body smell.
D. Our bodies produce chemicals only when we’re awake.
14. What was the purpose of the scientists’ behaviors during the three minutes
A. To stress people out. B. To hold people back.
C. To cheer people up. D. To keep people interested.
15. The figures in paragraph 5 are mainly used to show_________
A. the difficulty of the challenge
B. the complexity of the experiment
C. the dogs finished the challenge quite well
D the experiment needed to be improved
16. What is the best title for the text
A. Dogs Prove to Have a Great Sense of Smell
B. It Turns Out That Stress Does Have a Smell
C. Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress
D. Research Shows That Dogs Can Be Stress Relievers
二、七选五(共10分)
Humans have been known to develop strong connections with dangerous animals. Werner Freund, aged 79, has spent the last 40 years of his life in the company of wolves. While why the former soldier became attached to these beautiful wild animals is a little unclear, he has been caring for them since 1972. ____17____ This, Werner has the great ability to survive in the period of entering this group of animals and getting along with these cold-blooded creatures.
____18____ They touch him with noses, play with him. What’s more, they are generally very submissive when he is around, just like they would be around a head wolf!
This, however, does not happen by chance. ____19____ Whenever it’s feeding time, he calls his pack to come for the raw meat by howling. As the hungry animals rush to get their food, they always meet with this scene. Werner sinks his teeth into the raw meat first.
What may sound a little cruel is how the position of hierarchy (等级制度) is built in the animal world. ____20____ When he signals, the rest of the pack can join in. Werner’s wolves know this rule quite well and never challenge his authority.
Wolves, the largest member of the dog family, are mistakenly believed to be dangerous. ____21____They are beautiful gentle souls, whose reputation has been spoiled by fairy tales like Red Riding Hood!
A. But in reality they rarely attack humans.
B. They are considered as the smartest beasts.
C. Werner works on it with a simple act every day.
D. Werner seems to know where wolves come from.
E. It is always the strongest male that gets the first meal.
F. The wolves treat Werner as if he were one of their own.
G. Army experience leaves him a strong body and energetic state.
三、完形填空(共25分)
This era of “Industry 4. 0” is being driven by the same technological advances that enable the capabilities of the smartphones in our pockets. It is a mix of low-cost and high-power computers, high-speed communication and artificial intelligence. This will produce smarter robots with better sensing and communication abilities that can ____22____ different tasks, and even adjust their work to meet demand without the input of humans.
In the manufacturing industry, where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division, this will mean a(n) ____23____ shift from centralized to decentralized cooperative production. ____24____ robots focused on single, fixed, high - speed operations and required a highly skilled human workforce to operate and maintain them. Industry 4. 0 machines are flexible, cooperative and can operate more independently which ____25____ removes the need for a highly skilled workforce.
For large-scale manufacturers, Industry 4. 0 means their robots will be able to sense their environment and communicate in an industrial network that can be run and ____26____ remotely. Each machine will produce large amounts of data that can be ____27____ studied using what is known as “big data” analysis. This will help ____28____ ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plat, for example by better predicting when repairing is needed and automatically ____29____ it.
For ____30____ manufacturing businesses, Industry 4. 0 will make it cheaper and easier to use robots. It will create machines that can be rearranged to perform _____31_____ jobs and adjusted to work on a more diverse product range and different production volumes. This part is already beginning to benefit from robots designed to cooperate with human workers and analyse their own work to look for _____32_____.
While these machines are getting smarter, they are still not as smart as us. Today's industrial artificial intelligence operates at a _____33_____ level, which gives the appearance of human intelligence exhibited by machines, but designed by humans.
What's coming next is known as “deep learning”. Similar to big data analysis, it involves processing large quantities of data in real time to _____34_____ what is the best action to take, The _____35_____ is that the machine learns from the data so it can improve its decision making. A perfect example of deep learning was _____36_____ by Google's Alpha Go software, which taught itself to beat the world's greatest Go players.
22. A. compare with B. adapt to C. pick out D. hold on
23. A. extensive B. accidental C. convenient D. dramatic
24. A. Traditional B. Removable C. Fashionable D. Potential
25. A. temporarily B. thoroughly C. eventually D. initially
26. A. arranged B. evaluated C. monitored D. composed
27. A. gradually B. collectively C. similarly D. approximately
28. A. identify B. reserve C. exploit D. indicate
29. A. dominating B. imposing C. eliminating D. scheduling
30. A. high-speed B. mass-produced C. small-to-medium D. multi-cultural
31. A. multiple B. feasible C. profitable D. independent
32. A. promotions B. improvements C. highlights D. resolutions
33. A. separate B. peculiar C. narrow D. mysterious
34. A. come up with B. account for C. give way to D. make decisions about
35. A. difference B. commission C. phenomenon D. expectation
36. A. introduced B. described C. prepared D. demonstrated
四、根据课文内容填空(共5分)
课本原文填空
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He____37____ with the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to ____38____ across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bond between China and the rest of the world.
五、写作(共20分)
39. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter打算来中国旅游，希望你给他推荐一个去处。恰好你的家乡最近几年在大力发展乡村旅游，请你给他回一封电子邮件，向他推荐你的家乡。主要内容包括：
1.推荐理由；
2.特色简介；
3.交通情况。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
I'm so glad that you will come to China for a visit.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
六、读后续写(共20分)
40. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the first day of school, Tina’ s teacher told the class, “Everyone of you will have a turn to be the Terrific (极好的) Kid of the Day!”
All year, Terrific Kids celebrated their special days in special ways, but Tina hoped her turn would never come.
When Ben was the Terrific Kid, his aunt Sarah taught the class how to draw funny cartoon faces. Tina didn’t have aunts. When Ken was the Terrific Kid, his twin baby sisters came to school. Tina didn’t have sisters or brothers. When Curtis’s turn arrived, his family came to school. Curtis’s mom baked cakes. Curtis’s father was a gardener and gave every child a plant. Curtis’s grandmother taught the class a song. Tina didn’t have a dad or grandmother.
After school that day, Tina walked to the library for Story Hour. Mrs. Kaplan, the children’s librarian, greeted Tina with a bright smile. “Today’s story is about your favorite animal, Tina!”
A dog story! Tina loved dogs, but wasn’t allowed to have pets.
“Will you work the puppet (手偶) while I read the story ” Mrs. Kaplan asked Tina.
The little black and white dog puppet felt soft. Tina liked it so much. So when Mrs. Kaplan read Tina’s favorite dog story, Tina moved the dog puppet alongside.
After Story Hour, Tina waited until 7: 00 for her mom to pick her up. That night, Tina kept thinking about being a Terrific Kid. “I hope my turn never comes,” Tina thought.
Sure enough, Tina’s turn came. When she told Mrs. Kaplan that the next day was her turn to be the Terrific Kid, she had tears in her eyes. When Tina’s mom arrived, Mrs. Kaplan asked her into her office to chat while Tina waited.
On the way home, Tina and her mom stopped at Tico Tony’s for hot dogs. Tico Tony noticed Tina’s sad face. “Hey, Tina! What’s up ” Tico Tony listened while Tina told him about her Terrific Kid day. “We think you’re a Terrific Kid.” He smiled and, winked (眨眼示意) knowingly at her mother.
That night, Tina’s mom stayed up late baking cookies.
Then, the day arrived. Tina walked slowly to school with her mom. Her Terrific Kid day wouldn’t be terrific-just cookies.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Para l. When Tina and her mom got to her classroom, there was a sign on the door, reading “Tina____________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2. “We came to honor our friend on her special day,” Mrs. Kaplan said.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________乌鲁木齐市第四中学2023-2024学年
高一上学期12月月考 英语试题
总分120分 考试时间120分钟 (人教2019必修一)
一、阅读理解(共40分)
A
Scandinavian architecture is a relatively new construct that drew public attention within the last century. It tends to include works associated with Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland, and it is undoubtedly one of the more influential styles in modern times.
The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic. Home builders influenced by this style are expert at mixing traditional vernacular (民间风俗的) styles with modern technology to create a space that is beautiful and aims to make your life better.
Before the early 20th century much of Scandinavian architecture was vernacular in nature. Homes were built in a simple way using locally sourced materials and knowledge. However, it can be argued that this lack of formal architectural schooling promoted more craftsmanship and creativity as time went on. These vernacular builders were more concerned with function than form. An early example of this is the turf houses in Iceland, which were homes with green roofs that could keep the house in comfortable temperature throughout seasons in an affordable way.
The modern-day version of Scandinavian architecture grew out of this grassroots approach to building. Public buildings originally mixed Neoclassical elements with traditional building styles based on local practices. In the 1930s, the concept of Functionalism was introduced in Scandinavia. With its inspiration, architects wanted the buildings to be simple, but they also wanted them to be beneficial to people in some thoughtful way. For instance, the Paimio Sanatorium that was built in 1933 focused on maximizing quality air and light for tuberculosis (结核病) patients. So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about how public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind.
1. What is a feature of Scandinavian architecture before the early 20th century
A. Practical function. B. Professional design.
C. Creative appearance. D. Recyclable material.
2. What can we learn about the modern Scandinavian architecture
A. Modern technology is the biggest advantage of it.
B. Architects of this style focus on both simplicity and comfort.
C. The concept of Functionalism was rejected by Scandinavian architects.
D. Its appearance is different from that of other styles of modern architecture.
3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A. To attract tourists to visit Scandinavia.
B. To show respect to Scandinavian architects.
C. To introduce an architecture style from Europe.
D. To encourage more people to major in architecture.
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Entertainment. B. Society.
C. Education. D. Culture.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给读者介绍了现代斯堪的纳维亚的建筑风格，以及它是如何发展而来的。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Before the early 20th century, much of Scandinavian architecture was vernacular in nature. Homes were built in a simple way using locally sourced materials and knowledge. (20世纪初之前，斯堪的纳维亚的许多建筑在本质上都是乡土建筑。房屋是用当地来源的材料和知识以简单的方式建造的)”可知，在20世纪初之前斯堪的纳维亚的建筑特点是实用性。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic.(斯堪的纳维亚设计风格既简单又舒适，既现代又历史)”和最后一段的“So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about tow public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind. (因此，虽然现代建筑都是简单、干净的线条，但斯堪的纳维亚建筑是这样的，而且也是一种考虑到公共空间和住宅对人类有价值的建筑风格)”可知，现代斯堪的纳维亚的建筑风格是更注重简单和舒适，同时也兼顾公共空间和住宅对人类的价值。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“The Scandinavian design style is both simple and comfortable, modern and historic.(斯堪的纳维亚设计风格既简单又舒适，既现代又历史)”，第四段的“The modern-day version of Scandinavian architecture grew out of this grassroots approach to building. (斯堪的纳维亚建筑的现代版本源于这种草根的建筑方式)”和最后一段的“So while modern architecture is all about simple, clean lines, Scandinavian architecture is that and also a style of building that thinks about tow public spaces and homes can be valuable to humankind. (因此，虽然现代建筑都是简单、干净的线条，但斯堪的纳维亚建筑是这样的，而且也是一种考虑到公共空间和住宅对人类有价值的建筑风格)”推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给读者介绍来自欧洲的一种（斯堪的纳维亚位于欧洲）的建筑风格。故选C。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要给读者介绍了现代斯堪的纳维亚的建筑风格，以及它是如何发展而来的。文章讲述的是建筑文化知识，可以推测，本文可能选自于报纸的文化版块。故选D。
B
In 2002, Huang Hui, a researcher of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, went diving near Xisha. In addition to getting an irremovable suntan (晒黑), she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals (珊瑚). However, much of the breathtaking scenery of this reef has disappeared due to climate change and human activities. All of these factors led to the decline of the coral reef in the near shore waters. “We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.
In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. Now, China is in a leading position in terms of technology and coral planting scale.
Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs. “I want to call on more people to love nature and look at the ocean in awe,” Huang said.
Partly due to her efforts, Hainan Province released a law in 2017 banning reef exploitation (开发), trading and damaging.
Huang works as a consultant for customs and frontier police on coral protection and promotes coral protection in her local schools. Huang also provides online free training for divers to teach them proper behavior in the sea to protect coral reefs.
“A group of ‘folk scientists’ have also been trained with the hope that more people can gain awareness of the significance of coral reef protection and know how to protect them,” said Huang.
“I am 50, and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.
5. What impressed Huang most when going diving near Xisha in 2002
A. A permanent sunburn on her skin.
B. A large quantity of colorful corals.
C. A sweet memory of her childhood.
D. The sudden disappearance of corals.
6. What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on
A. China’s advances in coral protection. B. Huang’s devotion to coral protection.
C. Huang’s concern over coral protection. D. People’s ignorance of coral protection.
7. What is the key to protecting corals according to Huang Hui
A. Introduction of advanced technology.
B. Tough laws banning reef exploitation.
C. Public awareness of coral protection.
D. Communication with foreign countries.
8. What is the best title for this passage
A. Corals in South China Sea are in danger.
B. Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem.
C. China is taking the lead in planting corals.
D. Measures are to be taken to protect corals.
【答案】5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了研究员黄晖为保护珊瑚礁而做出的努力。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals .(清澈的海水和丰富多彩的珊瑚给她留下了美好的回忆)”可知，大量色彩斑斓的珊瑚给她留下了美好的回忆。故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. (2004年，当黄晖参加第十届国际珊瑚礁研讨会时，她发现自己是中国大陆唯一的代表。她说她感到悲伤，但她决心加强与其他国家的沟通，以提高中国在珊瑚研究方面的水平和地位。她访问了美国和澳大利亚的顶级珊瑚研究机构，与一些世界顶级珊瑚研究人员建立了长期合作关系。到目前为止，黄晖已经从事珊瑚研究和保护工作22年了)”可知，本段讲述的是黄晖对保护珊瑚礁的全身心投入以及贡献。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs.(黄晖认为，人们保护珊瑚的意识对珊瑚礁的可持续发展至关重要)”可知，人们树立保护珊瑚的意识是修复珊瑚礁的关键。故选C。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.(黄晖说：“2010年，我们开始在西沙群岛附近培育珊瑚，修复了20多万平方米的珊瑚礁。”)”和最后一段““I am 50, and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.(她说：“我今年50岁，当我60岁时，我希望建造的不仅仅是一座珊瑚岛，而是一个可持续发展的模式。”她补充说：“理想状态是珊瑚岛应该能够支持渔民和保护生态系统。”)”以及总览全文，文章讲述的是黄晖培育珊瑚，对保护珊瑚礁的全身心投入，同时希望以此来形成一种可持续的发展模式，保护生态系统。故B选项“Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem.(科学家种植珊瑚以拯救生态系统。)”适合文章的标题。故选B。
C
In August 2012, when thousands of honeybees landed on the wings of a Delta aircraft headed to New York, interrupting refueling and baggage loading, Ben Shertzer, wildlife administrator at Pittsburgh International Airport, turned to master beekeeper Steve Repasky. Shertzer learned from Repasky that honeybee numbers have sharply declined in recent years. Perhaps, thought Shertzer, the airport could host some hives (蜂箱).
Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), first reported in 2006 by Pennsylvania beekeeper David Hackenberg, occurs when the vast majority of bees in any given colony — generally worker bees — die out unexpectedly. Therefore, Hackenberg transports his hives across the country to pollinate (对……授粉) crops: They might travel from Pennsylvania to California, and then, a few months later, those same hives might be moved to Maine for the blueberry crop. In 2006, Hackenberg had left 400 hives in a field to pollinate Brazilian pepper trees; when he returned to the hives a month later, all but 36 hives had been abandoned. The bees had just disappeared, leaving behind the queen and a few baby bees. By 2013, more than 10 million bee colonies had been lost worldwide.
Shertzer and Repasky approached airport management about placing hives in 2013, but were told that the program didn’t fit the airport’s vision. It wasn’t until Christina Cassotis came on board as CEO in 2015 that things turned around. The airport currently has 110 colonies. The program actually benefits the airport as well as the honeybees.
“Swarming (成群飞行) is reproductive behavior,” says Repasky. “In the spring, a healthy colony will divide into two parts, and will take off in a swarm to locate a new home, traveling upwards of a mile or more. While they’re searching, they’ll stop to rest on the first solid object they can find, whether it’s the wing of an aircraft, a runway taxi light, or a baggage cart.” To prevent this behavior, Shertzer and Repasky have placed 15 “swarm traps” around the airfield offering the bees alternative landing spots. It’s worked: Whereas the airport used to have 15 or more swarms a year interrupting air operations, in the past year it has had just three.
9. Why did Shertzer contact Repasky in 2012
A. To let him help with baggage loading.
B. To learn how to refuel a Delta aircraft.
C. To ask him to help relocate the honeybees.
D. To seek advice on how to raise honeybees.
10. What is Hackenberg’s purpose of traveling around
A. To come to crops’ rescue. B. To do research on CCD.
C. To build more new hives. D. To search for bee colonies.
11. What do “swarm traps” mentioned in the last paragraph refer to
A. Baggage carts. B. Beehives.
C. The wings of an aircraft. D. Runway taxi lights.
12. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Fun facts about honeybees B. Colony Collapse Disorder
C. The latest in airport jobs: beekeeper D. Unwanted visitors at an airport
【答案】9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是2012年8月，数千只蜜蜂降落在一架飞往纽约的Delta飞机机翼上，中断了飞机的加油和行李装载，而近几年蜜蜂的数量又急剧下降，针对于这一情况研究人员想出了在机场设置蜂群居住点的办法，既不影响航班，又帮助了蜜蜂，一举两得。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In August 2012, when thousands of honeybees landed on the wings of a Delta aircraft headed to New York, interrupting refueling and baggage loading(2012年8月，数千只蜜蜂降落在一架飞往纽约的Delta飞机机翼上，中断了飞机的加油和行李装载)”以及“Shertzer leaned from Repasky that honeybee numbers have sharply declined in recent years.Perhaps, thought Shertzer, the airport could host some hives.(Shertzer从Repasky那里了解到蜜蜂的数量近年来急剧下降。也许，Shertzer想，机场可以容纳一些蜂箱)”以及文章第三段“Shertzer and Repasky approached airport management about placinghives in 2013, but were told that the program didn’t fit the airport’s vision.(2013年，Shertzer和Repasky就放置蜂箱的问题与机场管理部门洽谈，但被告知该项目不符合机场的前景)”可知数千只蜜蜂在机翼上降落严重影响了飞机的正常飞行，而近年来由于蜂群衰竭失调症蜜蜂数量又有所下降，所以Shertzer找到Repasky是希望在机场重新安置蜜蜂。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), first reported in 2006 by Pennsylvania beekeeper David Hackenberg, occurs when the vast majority of bees in any given colony — generally worker bees — die out unexpectedly. Therefore, Hackenberg transports his hives across the country to pollinate crops.(蜂群衰竭失调症(CCD)于2006年由宾夕法尼亚州的养蜂人David Hackenberg首次报道，当任何给定蜂群中的绝大多数蜜蜂(通常是工蜂)意外死亡时，蜂群衰竭失调症就会发生。因此，David Hackenberg将他的蜂箱运送到全国各地，为农作物授粉)”可知因为蜂群衰竭失调症的发生使得农作物无法进行授粉，所以David Hackenberg带着他的蜂箱到全国各地去给农作物进行授粉，即帮助农作物。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段““Swarming is reproductive behavior,” says Repasky. “In the spring, a healthy colony will divide into two parts, and will take off in a swarm to locate a new home, traveling upwards of a mile or more. While they’re searching, they’ll stop to rest on the first solid object they can find, whether it’s the wing of an aircraft, a runway taxi light, or a baggage cart.” (“蜂群是繁殖行为，”Repasky说。“在春天，一个健康的蜂群会分裂成两部分，成群结队地飞到一英里以上的地方寻找新家。当它们搜索时，它们会停下来在它们能找到的第一个固体物体上休息，无论是飞机的机翼，跑道上的出租车灯，还是行李车。”)”以及“around the airfield offering the bees alternative landing spots.(在机场附近为蜜蜂提供了另一个降落点。)”以及倒数第二段中的“The airport currently has 110 colonies.(该机场目前有110个蜂群。)”可以推测此处的swarm traps指代的是蜂群居住点，即蜂房。故选B项。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In August 2012, when thousands of honeybees landed on the wings of a Delta aircraft headed to New York, interrupting refueling and baggage loading(2012年8月，数千只蜜蜂降落在一架飞往纽约的Delta飞机机翼上，中断了飞机的加油和行李装载)”可知机场来了一群不速之客——数千只蜜蜂，文章第二段讲的是因为蜂群衰竭失调症的发生使得农作物无法进行授粉，所以David Hackenberg带着他的蜂箱到全国各地去给农作物进行授粉，第三段讲的是Shertzer and Repasky设法为蜜蜂在机场安置了蜂房，最后一段讲的是为什么要设置蜂房以及蜂房设置之后的积极作用，纵观全文，文章都是在围绕着机场的这一群蜜蜂展开，所以D项“Unwanted visitors at an aiport(机场不受欢迎的游客)”作为文章的标题最合适。故选D项。
D
People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.
All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. But it wasn’t known if stress could cause changes that could be detected. So researchers at Queen’s University Belfast, led by scientist Clara Wilson, collected breath and sweat samples(样品) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were calm and when they were stressed.
The calm part was easy. They asked people to report their stress level, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. The people were asked to wipe their skin with a clean piece of cloth. Then they had to put the cloth sample in a tube(管子), breathe on it hard three times, and seal the tube.
Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. On average, the heart rate increased from about 91 beats per minute to about 105 beats per minute.
The scientists used one of the stressed samples, along with two clean pieces of cloth, to train the dogs to find the stressed smell. Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time.
The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. Ms. Wilson says the news could be especially useful in training service dogs, since their job is to help relieve stress.
13. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2
A. One’s body smell almost stays the same.
B. Our breath and sweat contain chemicals.
C. Stress plays a big role in one’s body smell.
D. Our bodies produce chemicals only when we’re awake.
14. What was the purpose of the scientists’ behaviors during the three minutes
A. To stress people out. B. To hold people back.
C. To cheer people up. D. To keep people interested.
15. The figures in paragraph 5 are mainly used to show_________
A. the difficulty of the challenge
B. the complexity of the experiment
C. the dogs finished the challenge quite well
D. the experiment needed to be improved
16. What is the best title for the text
A. Dogs Prove to Have a Great Sense of Smell
B. It Turns Out That Stress Does Have a Smell
C. Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress
D. Research Shows That Dogs Can Be Stress Relievers
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章阐述了科学家们的实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味，狗能嗅出这种气味。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一、二句“All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. (一整天，我们的身体都在经历变化，产生不同的化学物质。它们从我们的呼吸和汗水中释放出来，略微改变了我们的气味。)”可知我们的呼吸和汗液中含有化学物质。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They got samples when the people were calm and when they were stressed.(他们分别在受试者平静和紧张时抽取样本。)”可知研究人员采集了人们在平静和紧张两种状态下的样本；根据文章第三段第一句“The calm part was easy.(平静的部分很容易。)”可知本段是介绍研究人员采集人们平静状态下的样本；根据文章第四段“Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. (然后，科学家们问了一个非常难的数学问题，并强迫人们快速在脑海中做。他们不停地叫人们快点，却不给他们任何帮助。这种情况持续了三分钟。然后，研究人员又收集了两个汗液和呼吸样本。他们还询问了这些人的压力水平，并测量了他们的心率和血压。大多数人说他们感到压力很大。)”结合文章结构分析可知科学家们那三分钟的行为目的是给人们施加压力，以获取人们在压力状态下的样本。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句到段末“ Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time. (接下来的是挑战：它们有三个选择——来自冷静的人的样本，来自同一个人的压力样本和一块干净的布。这些狗总共做了720个这样的测试，它们对压力样本的正确识别率是大约94%。)”以及最后一段第一句“The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. (研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察觉到的气味。)”可以推断，文章第五段中的数字主要是为了说明狗狗们很好地完成了挑战。故选C。
16题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.(人们早就知道狗有很好的嗅觉。但科学家们不确定压力大的人是否有一种特殊的气味。即使他们有特殊气味，他们也不确定狗是否能嗅到这种气味。)”以及下文针对此问题所做的实验以及获得的实验结果“The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect.(研究结果清楚地表明，压力确实有狗能察觉到的气味。)”可知，本文主要是介绍科学家们通过实验发现：人在承受压力时会释放与平时不同的气味，狗能嗅出这种气味，C选项“Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress(科学家了解到狗可以闻到压力)”可以概括全文，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
二、七选五(共10分)
Humans have been known to develop strong connections with dangerous animals. Werner Freund, aged 79, has spent the last 40 years of his life in the company of wolves. While why the former soldier became attached to these beautiful wild animals is a little unclear, he has been caring for them since 1972. ____17____ This, Werner has the great ability to survive in the period of entering this group of animals and getting along with these cold-blooded creatures.
____18____ They touch him with noses, play with him. What’s more, they are generally very submissive when he is around, just like they would be around a head wolf!
This, however, does not happen by chance. ____19____ Whenever it’s feeding time, he calls his pack to come for the raw meat by howling. As the hungry animals rush to get their food, they always meet with this scene. Werner sinks his teeth into the raw meat first.
What may sound a little cruel is how the position of hierarchy (等级制度) is built in the animal world. ____20____ When he signals, the rest of the pack can join in. Werner’s wolves know this rule quite well and never challenge his authority.
Wolves, the largest member of the dog family, are mistakenly believed to be dangerous. ____21____They are beautiful gentle souls, whose reputation has been spoiled by fairy tales like Red Riding Hood!
A. But in reality they rarely attack humans.
B. They are considered as the smartest beasts.
C. Werner works on it with a simple act every day.
D. Werner seems to know where wolves come from.
E. It is always the strongest male that gets the first meal.
F. The wolves treat Werner as if he were one of their own.
G. Army experience leaves him a strong body and energetic state.
【答案】17. G 18. F 19. C 20. E 21. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了老兵Werner和狼和谐共处故事。
【17题详解】
根据上文“While why the former soldier became attached to these beautiful wild animals is a little unclear, he has been caring for them since 1972. (虽然这位退伍军人为什么会对这些美丽的野生动物产生感情还不太清楚，但他从1972年开始就一直在照顾它们。)”和下文“This, Werner has the great ability to survive in the period of entering this group of animals and getting along with these cold-blooded creatures.(因此，沃纳在进入这群动物并与这些冷血动物相处的时期有着很强的生存能力。)”可知，空处承上启下说明以前的从军经历对于与狼一起的生存能力的影响，空前的“former solder”呼应G选项中的Army experience，空后的“Thus”, “the great ability”呼应G选项中的“a strong body and energetic state”。G项：Army experience leaves him a strong body and energetic state.(从军经历使他体魄强健，精力充沛。)符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They touch him with noses, play with him. What’s more, they are generally very submissive when he is around, just like they would be around a head wolf!( 他们用鼻子碰他，和他玩。更重要的是，当他在身边的时候，它们通常都非常顺从，就像它们在头狼身边一样!)”可知，空后的They指代的是F项中提到的wolves，本段最后的“just like they would be around a head wolf”呼应选项F中的“as if he were one of their own”。F项：The wolves treat Werner as if he were one of their own.(狼对待Werner就好像他是狼一样。)符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“This, however, does not happen by chance.(然而，这不是偶然发生的。)”可知，空前说，发生的这件事并非偶然，呼应选项C中的“every day”。C项：Werner works on it with a simple act every day.(Werner每天都用一个简单的动作来练习。)符合语境。说明并非偶然的原因。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“What may sound a little cruel is how the position of hierarchy (等级制度) is built in the animal world.(听起来有点残酷的是，等级制度在动物世界中的地位是如何建立的。)”可知，空前说，动物之中有等级制度，选项E接着上问继续讲等级制度的具体表现。E项：It is always the strongest male that gets the first meal.(最强壮的雄性总是得到第一顿饭。)符合语境。故选E。
【21题详解】
根据上文“Wolves, the largest member of the dog family, are mistakenly believed to be dangerous.( 狼，狗家族中最大的成员，被错误地认为是危险的。)”和下文“They are beautiful gentle souls, whose reputation has been spoiled by fairy tales like Red Riding Hood!( 他们是美丽温柔的灵魂，却被《小红帽》这样的童话故事毁了名声！)”可知，空处与上文形成转折关系，说明其实狼并不是很危险。A项：But in reality they rarely attack humans.(但事实上，它们很少攻击人类。)符合语境。故选A。
三、完形填空(共25分)
This era of “Industry 4. 0” is being driven by the same technological advances that enable the capabilities of the smartphones in our pockets. It is a mix of low-cost and high-power computers, high-speed communication and artificial intelligence. This will produce smarter robots with better sensing and communication abilities that can ____22____ different tasks, and even adjust their work to meet demand without the input of humans.
In the manufacturing industry, where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division, this will mean a(n) ____23____ shift from centralized to decentralized cooperative production. ____24____ robots focused on single, fixed, high - speed operations and required a highly skilled human workforce to operate and maintain them. Industry 4. 0 machines are flexible, cooperative and can operate more independently which ____25____ removes the need for a highly skilled workforce.
For large-scale manufacturers, Industry 4. 0 means their robots will be able to sense their environment and communicate in an industrial network that can be run and ____26____ remotely. Each machine will produce large amounts of data that can be ____27____ studied using what is known as “big data” analysis. This will help ____28____ ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plat, for example by better predicting when repairing is needed and automatically ____29____ it.
For ____30____ manufacturing businesses, Industry 4. 0 will make it cheaper and easier to use robots. It will create machines that can be rearranged to perform _____31_____ jobs and adjusted to work on a more diverse product range and different production volumes. This part is already beginning to benefit from robots designed to cooperate with human workers and analyse their own work to look for _____32_____.
While these machines are getting smarter, they are still not as smart as us. Today's industrial artificial intelligence operates at a _____33_____ level, which gives the appearance of human intelligence exhibited by machines, but designed by humans.
What's coming next is known as “deep learning”. Similar to big data analysis, it involves processing large quantities of data in real time to _____34_____ what is the best action to take, The _____35_____ is that the machine learns from the data so it can improve its decision making. A perfect example of deep learning was _____36_____ by Google's Alpha Go software, which taught itself to beat the world's greatest Go players.
22. A. compare with B. adapt to C. pick out D. hold on
23. A. extensive B. accidental C. convenient D. dramatic
24. A. Traditional B. Removable C. Fashionable D. Potential
25. A. temporarily B. thoroughly C. eventually D. initially
26. A. arranged B. evaluated C. monitored D. composed
27. A. gradually B. collectively C. similarly D. approximately
28. A. identify B. reserve C. exploit D. indicate
29. A. dominating B. imposing C. eliminating D. scheduling
30. A. high-speed B. mass-produced C. small-to-medium D. multi-cultural
31. A. multiple B. feasible C. profitable D. independent
32. A. promotions B. improvements C. highlights D. resolutions
33. A. separate B. peculiar C. narrow D. mysterious
34. A. come up with B. account for C. give way to D. make decisions about
35. A. difference B. commission C. phenomenon D. expectation
36. A. introduced B. described C. prepared D. demonstrated
【答案】22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章阐述了人工智能机器人Industry 4.0，介绍了它的特点，并将它与“深度学习”进行了对比。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这将创造具有更好的感知和通信能力的智能机器人，能够适应不同的任务，甚至在没有人类输入的情况下协调它们的工作以满足需求。A. compare with比较；B. adapt to适应；C. pick out挑选；D. hold on坚持。根据下文“even adjust their work to meet demand without the input of humans”可知，这款新机器人可以在没有人输入的情况下，协调工作来满足需求，因此推断它能够适应不同的任务。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在制造业中，机器人可以说是取得了所有行业中进展最大的一步，这将意味着从集中合作生产向分散合作生产的巨大转变。A. extensive广阔的，广大的；B. accidental意外；C. convenient方便的；D. dramatic巨大的，引入注目的。根据上文“In the manufacturing industry, where robots have arguably made the most headway of any division”可知，在制造行业，机器人可以说是取得了进展最大的一步，因此推断这意味着一个从集中合作生产向分散合作生产的巨大的转变。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传统的机器人专注于单一的、固定的、高速的操作，需要高技能的劳动力来操作和维护它们。A. Traditional传统的；B. Removable可移动的；C. Fashionable时髦的；D. Potential潜在的。根据下文“Industry 4. 0 machines are flexible, cooperative and can operate more independently(工业4.0机器人是灵活的、协作的，可以更独立地运行)”可知，此处是传统机器人与Industry 4. 0作对比，讲述传统机器人的特征。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：工业4.0机器人是灵活的、协作的，可以更独立地运行，这最终消除了对高技能劳动力的需求。A. temporarily短暂地；B. thoroughly彻底地；C. eventually最终；D. initially最初。根据上文“Industry 4. 0 machines are flexible, cooperative and can operate more independently”可知，工业4.0机器灵活，协作，更独立，因此推断最终会不需要高技能劳动力。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于大型制造商来说，工业4.0意味着他们的机器人将能够感知他们的环境，并在一个可以远程运行和监控的工业网络中进行通信。A. arranged安排；B. evaluated评估；C. monitored监控；D. composed组成，构成。that引导定语从句，指代network，由上文的“can be run”可推断，这个网络可以远程运行和监控。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：每台机器都将产生大量的数据，这些数据可以使用所谓的“大数据”分析来集中研究。A. gradually逐渐地；B. collectively集体地，共同地；C. similarly相似地；D. approximately大约，近似。根据下文“This will help ____7____ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plat(提高整个平台的经营性能和生产质量)”可推断，这些数据可以使用“大数据”分析集中研究。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这将有助于确定提高整个工厂的运行性能和生产质量的方法，例如，通过更好地预测何时需要维护，并自动安排它。A. identify确定；B. reserve保留；C. exploit利用；D. indicate表明。根据上文“that can be ____6____ studied using what is known as “big data” analysis.”和下文“for example by better predicting when repairing is needed and automatically ____8____ it.”可推断，通过使用大数据分析可以帮助确定整个工厂的运行性能和生产质量的方法。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dominating捐赠；B. imposing强迫；C. eliminating排除，除掉；D. scheduling安排。根据上文“This will help ____7____ ways to improve operating performance and production quality across the whole plat, for example by better predicting by better predicting when repairing is needed”可推断，这有助于确定提高整个工厂的运行性能和生产质量的方法，此处举例说明，通过使用大数据集中研究，可以更好地预测什么时候需要维修，并可以自动做出安排。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于中小型制造企业，工业4.0将使其更便宜、更容易地使用机器人。A. high-speed高速的；B. mass-produced大规模生产的；C. small-to- medium中小型的；D. multi-cultural多文化的。根据上文“For large-scale manufacturers, Industry 4. 0 means their robots will be able to sense their environment…”可推断，此处说的是中小型制造企业，对比大规模制作业，介绍工业4.0的运用。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它将创建可以重新配置以执行多个任务，并可以进行调整以在更多样化的产品范围和不同的产量上工作的机器。A. multiple多重的，多个的；B. feasible可行的；C. profitable有利可图的；D. independent自主的。根据下文“adjusted to work on a more diverse product range and different production volumes”可知，机器可以被重新配置执行多重任务。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门已经开始受益于可重组的机器人，这些机器人旨在与人类工人合作，并分析他们自己的工作，以寻求改进。A. promotions促进；B. improvements改善，改进；C. highlights最有趣的部分；D. resolutions决心。根据上文“analyse their own work”可推断，这些机器人可以分析自己的工作以寻求改进。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天的工业人工智能的运作范围很窄，这使人类智能看起来由机器展示，但由人类设计。A. separate独立的；B. peculiar奇怪的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据上文“While these machines are getting smarter, they are still not as smart as us.”和下文“which gives the appearance of human intelligence exhibited by machines, but designed by humans”可知，机器仍旧没有人类聪明，因此今天的工业人工智能运作范围很狭窄，看起来就像是人类设计，机器来展示。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：与大数据分析类似，它涉及到实时处理大量数据，以决定采取什么是最好的行动。A. come up with提出；B. account for导致，引起；C. give way to让步；D. make decisions about做出决定。根据上文“processing large quantities of data in real time”和下文“what is the best action to take”可推断，此处说的是处理大量数据来决定最好的行动是什么。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不同之处在于，机器可以从数据中学习，从而提高其决策能力。A. difference不同；B. commission委员会；C. phenomenon现象；D. expectation期待。根据上文“Similar to big data analysis”和下文“taught itself to beat the world's greatest Go players”可推断，此处说的是机器与大数据分析的不同，机器可以从数据中学习，从而提高其决策能力。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谷歌的Alpha Go展示了深度学习的一个完美例子，它自学打败了世界上最伟大的围棋选手。A. introduced介绍；B. described描述；C. prepared准备；D. demonstrated证明。根据下文“which taught itself to beat the world's greatest Go players”可推断，Alpha Go自学打败了世界上最伟大的围棋选手，展示了深度学习的一个完美的例子。故选D。
四、根据课文内容填空(共5分)
课本原文填空
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He____37____ with the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to ____38____ across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bond between China and the rest of the world.
【答案】37. are being revisited
38. encourage cooperation and trade
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是郑和下西洋的路线与现在“一带一路”倡议的关联及其意义。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：郑和走过的古代海上航线正在与“一带一路”倡议的一部分“二十一世纪海上丝绸之路”一起重游。根据下文句意可知，此处句意应该为“正在重游”，根据句意可知，此处描述的是现在正在进行的动作，故使用现在进行时态，且主语sea routes为复数，与谓语动词“重游”之间为被动关系。故填are being revisited。
【38题详解】
考查动词和名词短语。句意：该倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。根据郑和下西洋的意义和下文中介绍的“一带一路”倡议的目的可知，此处的句意为“鼓励合作与贸易”，英文为encourage cooperation and trade，空前是不定式符号to，所以此处填动词原形。故填encourage cooperation and trade
五、写作(共20分)
39. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter打算来中国旅游，希望你给他推荐一个去处。恰好你的家乡最近几年在大力发展乡村旅游，请你给他回一封电子邮件，向他推荐你的家乡。主要内容包括：
1.推荐理由；
2.特色简介；
3.交通情况。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
I'm so glad that you will come to China for a visit.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm so glad that you will come to China for a visit. As you know, China is a large country abundant in tourism resources, many of which exist in the countryside. Here I’d like to advise you to pay a visit to my hometown.
My hometown is a beautiful village, where you can feast your eyes on its fascinating scenery. You can also go fishing, harvest fruits and learn to make our traditional dishes. Moreover, you can experience some folk activities here. As for the transportation, far away from the city as our hometown is, it is situated close to the expressway. Therefore, the transportation is quite convenient.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter打算来中国旅游，希望你给他推荐一个去处。恰好你的家乡最近几年在大力发展乡村旅游，请你给他回一封电子邮件，向他推荐你的家乡。
【详解】1.词汇积累
富有：rich in→abundant in
建议：suggest→advise
美丽的：pretty→beautiful
景色：landscape→scenery
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：You can also go fishing, harvest fruits and learn to make our traditional dishes. Moreover, you can experience some folk activities here.
拓展句：Not only can you go fishing, harvest fruits and learn to make our traditional dishes, but also you can experience some folk activities here.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As you know, China is a large country abundant in tourism resources, many of which exist in the countryside. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] As for the transportation, far away from the city as our hometown is, it is situated close to the expressway. (运用了as引导的部分倒装)
六、读后续写(共20分)
40. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the first day of school, Tina’ s teacher told the class, “Everyone of you will have a turn to be the Terrific (极好的) Kid of the Day!”
All year, Terrific Kids celebrated their special days in special ways, but Tina hoped her turn would never come.
When Ben was the Terrific Kid, his aunt Sarah taught the class how to draw funny cartoon faces. Tina didn’t have aunts. When Ken was the Terrific Kid, his twin baby sisters came to school. Tina didn’t have sisters or brothers. When Curtis’s turn arrived, his family came to school. Curtis’s mom baked cakes. Curtis’s father was a gardener and gave every child a plant. Curtis’s grandmother taught the class a song. Tina didn’t have a dad or grandmother.
After school that day, Tina walked to the library for Story Hour. Mrs. Kaplan, the children’s librarian, greeted Tina with a bright smile. “Today’s story is about your favorite animal, Tina!”
A dog story! Tina loved dogs, but wasn’t allowed to have pets.
“Will you work the puppet (手偶) while I read the story ” Mrs. Kaplan asked Tina.
The little black and white dog puppet felt soft. Tina liked it so much. So when Mrs. Kaplan read Tina’s favorite dog story, Tina moved the dog puppet alongside.
After Story Hour, Tina waited until 7: 00 for her mom to pick her up. That night, Tina kept thinking about being a Terrific Kid. “I hope my turn never comes,” Tina thought.
Sure enough, Tina’s turn came. When she told Mrs. Kaplan that the next day was her turn to be the Terrific Kid, she had tears in her eyes. When Tina’s mom arrived, Mrs. Kaplan asked her into her office to chat while Tina waited.
On the way home, Tina and her mom stopped at Tico Tony’s for hot dogs. Tico Tony noticed Tina’s sad face. “Hey, Tina! What’s up ” Tico Tony listened while Tina told him about her Terrific Kid day. “We think you’re a Terrific Kid.” He smiled and, winked (眨眼示意) knowingly at her mother.
That night, Tina’s mom stayed up late baking cookies.
Then, the day arrived. Tina walked slowly to school with her mom. Her Terrific Kid day wouldn’t be terrific-just cookies.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Para l. When Tina and her mom got to her classroom, there was a sign on the door, reading “Tina____________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2. “We came to honor our friend on her special day,” Mrs. Kaplan said.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para1 When Tina and her mom got to her classroom, there was a sign on the door, reading “Tina Brown-Terrific Kid of the Day.” Tina’s eyes grew round. She could not believe such nice words. Everyone clapped when Tina and her mom came into the room. Just then there was a knock at the door. “Is this the room of Tina Brown, Terrific Kid of the Day ” asked a voice. “It certainly is,” her teacher answered. “Won’t you come in ” Tina’s heart pounded when she saw Mrs. Kaplan and Tico Tony walk into the room.
Para2 “We came to honor our friend on her special day,” Mrs. Kaplan said. Tina helped Tico Tony give out delicious hot dogs. Mrs. Kaplan read Tina’s favorite dog story while Tina moved the dog puppet. After the story, Mrs. Kaplan gave Tina the puppet to keep! Tina’s mom’s cookies were a hit. “Good cookies and hot dogs!” Curtis said. “You have a great family of friends,” Ken said. “The dog story is cool!” said Ben. Tina couldn’t stop smiling. Her teacher stood in front of the room. “I’m so lucky to have a class full of Terrific Kids! Always keep celebrating yourselves and each other!”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了上学的第一天，Tina的老师对全班同学说：“你们每个人都有机会成为最棒的孩子!”一整年，了不起的孩子们都以特殊的方式庆祝他们的特殊日子，但Tina希望永远不要轮到她，因为她觉得自己没有最棒孩子应有的一切。终于轮到了Tina的Terrific Kid of the Day，Tina忧心忡忡，却不知一切自从Tina参加了图书馆的“故事时间”活动之后都在悄然发生改变——妈妈准备了精美的小饼干，Tico Tony’s的热狗，儿童图书管理员Mrs. Kaplan的小狗故事和那只可爱的小狗玩偶，一切都表明Tina就是那个最棒的孩子。
详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“当Tina和妈妈来到教室时，门上挂着一个牌子，上面写着‘Tina”可知，第一段可描写Tina看到的牌子上写的内容、Mrs. Kaplan and Tico Tony的到来以及Tina的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“‘在这个特别的日子里，我们是来纪念我们的朋友的，’Mrs. Kaplan说。”可知，第二段可描写Mrs. Kaplan讲的的故事，Tico Tony的热狗和妈妈精心制作的饼干以及Tina、老师和同学们的反应。
2.续写线索
牌子内容——Tina的反应——图书管理员和热狗店朋友的到来——庆祝——反应及感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
变得：grow/become/turn
分发：give out/hand out/hand around
庆祝：celebrate/observe
情绪类
心砰砰跳：pound/pump
幸运的：lucky/fortunately
【点睛】【高分句型1】Tina’s heart pounded when she saw Mrs. Kaplan and Tico Tony walk into the room.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Mrs. Kaplan read Tina’s favorite dog story while Tina moved the dog puppet.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)
