2023—2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高二（1-3）班英语参考答案
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A篇
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【1题详解】细节理解题。第二个观景点中提到那个十四世纪的 tower 是吸引摄影师的地方。故选B。
【2题详解】细节理解题。第四个观景点免费进入，只要买份喝的就行了。故选 D。
【3题详解】细节理解题。C 根据文章第一段可知，这几个观景点不拥挤，只有内部人、知情人才知道。故选C。
B篇
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【文章导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者处理并控制收件箱的过程。
4题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Could I do that It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. (我可以这样做吗？这很吸引人。但我停顿了一下。我不能。我确实犯难！然后我决定折中)”可知，作者对丈夫建议的第一反应是犹豫不决。故选C项。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中“To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails, FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are ‘offers’. What if that amazing offer never comes up again (说实话，我真的对删除邮件感到焦虑，对于很多像我这样有邮件问题的人来说，错失恐惧症是一个真正的问题。很多邮件都是‘主动提供的’。如果那个惊人的工作机会再也没有了怎么办？)”可知，作者是害怕会错过一些东西而导致对删除邮件感到焦虑。故选D项。
6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when ‘Dress like a Roman’ day or ‘Bring an onion to school’ day (yes really) is coming up! (我发现把我的电子邮件限制在50封很有用，我使用的电子邮件系统可以确保所有学校的电子邮件都放在一个单独的收件箱里，所以我可以一眼看到‘穿得像罗马人’日或‘带洋葱到学校’(是的，真地)即将到来！)”可知，作者最后限制了邮件数量。故选D项。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“I’m on top of my inbox. (我正在处理并控制我的收件箱)”可知，本文主要讲述可作者是如何处理并控制收件箱的。故选B项。
C篇
【答案】8. D 9. A 10 C 11. B
【文章导读】本篇文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即人们做志愿的动机影响着人们的健康。
【8题详解】 细节理解题。从文章第一段我们可知，研究发现人们为什么自愿（做志愿者）、而不是是否做志愿者，才是真正重要的东西；第二段中说的是志愿者比不做志愿的活得更长；第三段中说人们志愿服务的动机影响着死亡率，综合这三段可知人们为什么做志愿者是对自己的健康有影响的。故选D项
【9题详解】 研究方法题。文章第二段开头就提到研究人员分析了2008和2012年针对3376人的相同随机样本收集的数据，同时这一段也列举了实验中的诸多数据，比如2.3%、4.3%等等，这就说明研究人员是通过统计分析数据来进行这项研究的。故选A项
【10题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段“Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died”可知，如果这个人的志愿服务的动机是为了自己的利益，那么他的死亡率和那些不做志愿的人是一样的，因此我们应该选择“为别人利益”的选项，因此C“帮助穷人”符合这一条件。故选C项
【11题详解】 理解排除题。A选项错在研究人员并没有提出和进一步研究有关的内容，C选项错在如果要介绍“研究方法的潜在应用”，就应该说一下现在的情况以及如何利用这种发现、通过什么方式来帮助人们健康，但文章只是说了现在的情况，没有说和应用或者方法有关的内容；D选项错在无中生有，文章可看出，正是因为研究人员很相信自己的研究结果，他才能基于这一结果对现在的情况做解释分析。故选B项。
D篇
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【文章导读】介绍了一种可以改变形状并产生热量的小型机器人在靶向癌细胞和防止骨髓间出血方面显示出潜力，并进行了实验。
【12题详解】细节理解题。第二段中提到，研究人员以穿山甲为灵感开发了一个机器人，它是用软磁性材料建造的材料，使机器人能够改变其形状，可知制造机器人是以自然界为灵感，故选A。
【13题详解】细节理解题。第三段中提到，机器人能够加热并将热量散发到周围环境中。第四段中提到，研究人员利用机器人的热量在模拟环境中输送物质胃环境。由此可知，通过加热可以使机器人传送物质，故选B。
【14题详解】推测词义题。第五段中写到他们团队用注射器通过小切口抽血，模拟出血，最后释放热量来止血。可以推断出研究人员测试了机器人的止血能力，“halt”与后文中的stop是同一种意思，故选C。
【15题详解】文章大意题。根据最后一段可知，该机器人有可能用于靶向破坏肿瘤细胞，可以杀死癌细胞，此机器人可用于药学，故选A。
第二节 七选五 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. C
【文章导读】本文是一篇说明文。数字技术占用了我们太多的时间和注意力，针对这个问题，作者介绍了三个具体的步骤解决。
【16题详解】后文“Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life: (尝试以下三个步骤来平衡你和你家人的数字生活:)”作者提出三个具体的步骤解决问题。结合选项，D项“But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance. (但真正获得控制的唯一方法是提前采取积极的步骤。)”语意顺承。且同词复现“steps”。故选D。
【17题详解】前文“Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. (或者你可能会在餐桌上沉迷于你的电子设备，最终分心。)”介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因。结合选项，E项“Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping. (或者你工作效率低下，因为你在网上购物太多了。)”同为介绍介绍沉迷电子设备的可能场景或者原因，语意一致。故选E。
【18题详解】本句应为小标题。下文“In other words, what are you actually hungry for (换句话说，你到底在渴望什么 )”作者建议找到真正的愿望。结合选项，A项“Identify your true desire. (确定你真正的愿望。)”为中心句，总领下文。故选A。
【19题详解】小标题“Try a substitute (试一试替代品)”作者建议找替代品来减少屏幕时间。结合选项，F项“Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something instead of screen time. (问问你自己，如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。)”照应小标题，反思自己如何通过屏幕时间以外的东西来满足这些需求。故选F。
【20题详解】前文“If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. (如果你的目标是灵感，那就安排时间画油画、读历史小说或任何能让你振奋的东西。)”是作者给出的具体建议。结合选项，C项“Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied. (很快，这些替代品会让你感到更满意。)”承接上文，符合逻辑关系。故选C。
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】21-25 CADBD 26-30 ABCCD 31-35 BCABD
【文章导读】作者通过一次乘坐巴士的经历讲述了这样一个道理:我们可以分享我们的所有,包括我们的负担,帮助与我们在人生旅程中一同前行的人。
【详细解析】
第21题C 根据more than packed可知，这辆巴士塞得满满的，所有座位都被占用了。故选C。
第22题A 炎热的天气使得颠簸的旅途更加不舒服。add to 意为“增添，增加，增进”,故选 A。
第23题D 因为“我”出行用的是学生证，不能要求预留座位。故选D。
第24题B 作者没有座位，只好站在过道里，天气炎热，车里拥挤不堪，所以说很不舒服。故选B。
第25题 D “我”两条腿轮替着承担身体的重量，保持平衡化解不适。故选D。
第26题 A “我”突然觉得有人轻轻地碰了下“我”的肘部。故选A。
第27题 B 根据前文的"He stood up",他站了起来，可知，现在有一个空座位了。表示我可以坐他的位置。
第28题 C 根据上文的" After 20 minutes"，过了二十分钟后，作者应该是把作为归还给他。因此，作者给他指示，故选C项。
第29题 C 根据上文作者起身并且示意座位。可知，这个男人遵循了我们的这个交换。故选C项。
第30题 D 这个人也主动给旁边的人让座。故选D。
第31题 B 让座这一行为传遍了整辆巴士，很快，几乎所有站着的乘客都有机会坐下了。故选B。
第32题 C 交换位置的同时，大家互相交流起来。故选C。
第33题 A 根据上文的"The bus reached its destination in the early morning."(巴士在清晨到达目的地。)可知，这群人快速分散然后走到自己的轨迹上，故选A项。
第34题 B 作者认为这次旅行意义非同寻常。故选B。
第35题 D 作者通过一次乘坐巴士的经历讲述了这样一个道理:我们可以分享我们的所有,包括我们的负担,帮助与我们在人生旅程中一同前行的人。故选D项。
第二节 短文填空(共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【文章导读】本文主要介绍了幸运鸟咖啡和茅台酒品牌的合作，介绍了他们的产品的特点，以及他们的产品在网络上引起的关注。
【详细解析】
第36题 advertised 考查非谓语动词。设空处为过去分词作定语，修饰名词“drink”，与“drink” 有逻辑上的动宾关系。（be）advertised as…意为“被宣传为……”。
第37题 curiosity 考查词性转换。设空处作“arouse”的宾语，应用名词。arouse curiosity 意为“引起好奇心”。
第38题 it 考查代词。设空处为 it 作形式宾语，后面的不定式短语“to have their first taste of the luxury Chinese liquor”为真正的宾语。
第39题 definitely 考查词性转换。设空处修饰后面的动词“wanted”，故应用副词形式。
第40题 to try 考查非谓语动词。设空处考查动词不定式在句型“主+be+adj．+to do”中的用法。
第41题 latest 考查形容词。设空处应用形容词最高级作定语，修饰后面的名词“data”, 意为“最新的”。
第42题 than 考查介词。设空处与前面“more”连用，more than意为“超过，多于”。
第43题 has teamed考查动词的时态。在句型“It is the first time that... ”中，从句部分应用现在完成时。
第44题 where考查定语从句。设空处为关系副词where引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的名词“market”。where在从句中作地点状语。
第45题 companies 考查名词。设空处应用名词的复数形式。
第三部分XB2 U1-U4课本知识考查（共三节，满分20分）
第一节：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
46. contradictory 47. presentations 48. minimum 49. anticipate 50. decrease
51. adaptation 52. arise 53. consists 54. exposure 55. proof
第二节：单句语法填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
had left 57. Lost 58. What 59. that 60. burned/burnt
第三节：根据汉语完成下列句子, 每空填一词（共5小题，每题1分，满分5分）
participated/engaged in 62. subscribed to 63. bound for 64. Prior to 65. in charge
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分）
【范文1】
Dear George,
Informed of the approaching English Poetry Recitation Contest, I’m writing to convey my earnest longing for your assistance.
The competition, featuring its wide topic ranging from harmony to nature, provides a platform for us to finish a five-minute-long recitation. However, I have encountered a tricky problem in selecting English poetry, for which I sincerely hope that you could recommend one for me. Additionally, I find it challenging to recite poems, so I am wondering if you can share me some practical skills on how to read English poetry.
Your gracious assistance will be appreciated. Keenly anticipating your prompt reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文2】
Dear George,
I’m writing to ask for your help.
To offer students an opportunity to enjoy the beauty of poems, the English Poetry Recitation Contest is to be held next Friday, in which each participant is required to recite an English poem in five minutes.
However, I have encountered a tricky problem in selecting English poetry, for which I am sincerely hope that you could recommend one for me. Besides, I’ve been exerting myself to read poems. Yet I fail to grasp the skills of it. Would you be kind enough to provide me with professional guidance
Your generous assistance and immediate response are enthusiastically expected and truly appreciated.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
参考范文1：
An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry began. Under a barrage of inquiries, Missy recapped her concocted story unhurriedly, while I stood there in silent agreement. After Missy finishing her seemingly perfect statement, her father raised his eyebrows and turned to me, waiting for my proof. However, once again, I chose silence under his scrutinizing eyes with my heart pounding violently. Suddenly, he walked over to the dented area for a closer inspection. It was at that point that pieces of bark from the tree that Missy had hit fell out.
Her father looked at me with great disbelief. An enormous sense of guilt rose up in me as his cold eyes seemed to proclaim me as the “guilty” bystander. I was so flustered that I wanted to explain but was interrupted by his harsh words, “You guys really failed me! Especially...” Instead of continuing his reproach, he took a deep breath and turned his back on me. It dawned on me that the precious but fragile trust had been smashed by my silence. In fact, the process of how we apologized to make amends was just a blur, but the bitter lesson of being a silent accomplice was branded on my memory.
【解析】本文以友谊与道德冲突为线索展开，讲述了Missy和叙述者是青梅竹马的好朋友，随着年龄的增长，价值观变得不同，叙述者更沉稳，她更喜欢按照自己的方式做事，因此她的家人似乎更信任叙述者而不是她。Missy因损坏了她父亲的汽车而陷入困境，她要求叙述者撒谎并帮她掩护，尽管叙述者强烈反对和父母撒谎，但最终答应做一个沉默的掩护者，这凸显了她们友谊不断发展的动态和道德困境。
段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“大约一个小时后，我们把车交给了Missy的父亲，询问开始了。”可知，第一段可描写Missy用她编造的故事向她父亲解释，她父亲询问我，我却一直保持沉默。
②由第二段首句内容“她父亲难以置信地看着我。”可知，第二段可描写我内心的挣扎，既不想出卖Missy，又不想向她父亲说谎，我陷入了友谊和道德的困境。
2. 续写线索：Missy和我是最好的朋友——价值观变得不太相同——Missy因损坏父亲汽车求我掩护——我做个沉默的掩护者——她父亲责备我沉默——我陷入做帮凶的痛苦
3. 词汇激活
行为类：①扼要重述：recapped /recapitulated ②扬起眉毛：raised his eyebrows / elevated his eyebrows
③选择沉默：chose silence / remained silent/fell silent
情绪类： ①内疚：guilt/guiltiness/guilty conscience ②慌张的：flustered /perturbed/rattled
[高分句型1]. It was at that point that pieces of bark from the tree that Missy had hit fell out.（运用了强调句型以及定语从句）
[高分句型2]. It dawned on me that the precious but fragile trust had been smashed by my silence.（运用了It作形式主语，that引导主语从句以及过去完成时的被动语态）
参考范文2【教师下水文】：
An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry began. ①I stood rooted to the ground, lost for words while Missy, who looked as if full of poise (看上去非常沉着), was in her element blurting out (脱口而出) her seemingly persuasive story. Hardly did she show any sign of panic or restlessness. ②After her vivid explanation, there was complete silence for a few seconds. Unexpectedly, however, the pieces of bark sticking to the dent fell out in the nick of time (关键时刻), which caught her father’s attention immediately. ③He stepped forward to take a closer look at the dent. “ Is that true ” Jerking his head in my direction, he inquired, “ I know you are the last person to lie to me.”
【创作意图讲解】①处通过描写“我”的惊慌赖凸显Missy的镇定自若，回应原文所说的Missy总能想到方法让事情按照她的意图进展。通过对Missy表情和动作的描写使得人物性格跃然纸上。②处通过周边环境描写，从侧面烘托“我”内心的慌乱与无措，同时承上启下，为真相的败露埋下伏笔。③处没有直接说明父亲的怀疑，而是通过一系列动作和语言的描写，让读者自然体会到父亲已经心生疑虑，同时与第二段第一句自然衔接。体现了小说创作中“To show it, not to tell it”的创作原则。
Her father looked at me with great disbelief. ④Tugging at the corner of my overcoat, I kept my eyes off his face and broke into a sweat. Missy’s father advanced on me, squinting fixedly at my face, whose expectant stares strained all my previous guts. It was not long before I told him the whole story. ⑤My genuine explanation gave Missy the creeps, who looked stunned and raised her eyebrows. To our surprise, her father nodded his understanding and simply asked us to get the car repaired in no time. ⑥On hearing this, we both felt a great leap of excitement and relief. ⑦It was not until then did I realize it was actually a clear breezy (微风送爽) day and the grass was glistening (闪闪发光) in the sunlight.
【创作意图讲解】④处依然没有直接交代“我”的慌张和不安，而是通过“我”的动作、表情和父亲的动作、表情的对比描写，让人物的核心情绪一目了然，同时又增加了情节的可读性。⑤⑥通过三位人物的内心、表情的对比描写，烘托出Missy与“我”在真相暴露时的紧张情绪与得到原谅后的欣喜之情。内心戏的描写增添了紧张效果，提升了叙事的质感。⑦处通过环境描写，对于叙事结果进行适当留白，自然点题，回味无穷。2023—2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高二（1-3）班英语试题
全卷满分130分, 考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．填空题和解答题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
While attractions like the Shard and the London Eye offer excellent perspectives, they’re always busy and ticket prices are steep. But with a little insider knowledge, you can save your pounds and bag your skyline photos without the crowds through accessing the following viewpoints.
Parliament Hill
London is mostly flat, but if you know where to look there are a few hills that provide natural (and free) high points offering city views with a side order of fresh air.
One of the most central is Parliament Hill on Hampstead Heath—at 98m, one of London’s highest natural viewpoints. From here, on a clear day, you can sit on the park bench that featured in movies like Run Fatboy Run and Notes on a Scandal.
Entry fee: free
The Garden Museum Tower
If you exit left out of Westminster station, battle your way over the bridge and then turn right, past the view of Big Ben and walk along the south side of the Thames, you’ll come to a medieval (中世纪的) church.
While you might be interested in British garden design, it’s the 14th-Century tower that’s the main attraction for photographers. Climb the 131 steps of the narrow spiral staircase and you’ll emerge onto one of the finest riverside viewpoints in the city—with views across to the Palace of Westminster on the right.
Entry fee: Adult f16, or Tower only 4
The IFS Cloud Cable Car
If you want to soar over London in a glass pod, the obvious place to go is the London Eye. But a cheaper and crowd-free alternative is to ride the IFS Cloud Cable Car.
The views are impressive at any time, but the Cable Car stays open late, so you can even enjoy magnificent sunsets from the west-facing side or admire the twinkling city lights after dark.
Entry fee: E6 one-way
Seabird, Southwark
London has no shortage of rooftop venues (场所) offering knockout cityscape views, so it can be hard to pick just one or two. But for location, angles and a great experience, it doesn’t get much better than Seabird, on the 14th floor of the Hoxton hotel in Southwark with nothing to block views on three sides.
Entry fee: Buy a drink: draught beer costs￡6.50 or small glass of wine is￡9; a portion of olives costs￡5.
1. Where can you go if you want to photograph the 14th-Century tower
A. The London Eye. B. The south side of the Thames.
C. The rooftop venues. D. A place near St Paul's Cathedral.
2. In which viewpoint can you just buy a drink and enjoy free city views
A. Parliament Hill. B. The Garden Museum Tower.
C. The IFS Cloud Cable Car. D. Seabird, Southwark.
3. What do the 4 viewpoints have in common
A. They are free. B. They are well-known.
C. They are not crowded. D. They are not cheap.
B
“Why do you have 9,632 emails in your inbox (收件箱) ”
I looked at my husband, “Um...is that a lot How many are in your inbox ”
“About twenty,” he replied. I looked at my inbox. There were emails I had meant to deal with; emails from customers and the kids’ schools with information I needed; there were time-sensitive offers I’d never got around to investigating; endless updates from the social media platforms I subscribed to, and the rest I had kept just in case.
I realized that I had become an email hoarder (囤积者). I clearly had a problem and I needed to act. I paused my work and began to delete unwanted emails. An hour later I made little progress.
“Just delete the whole lot,” my husband strongly suggested.
Could I do that It was appealing. But I paused. I couldn’t. I did have a problem! Then I decided to compromise. I kept the last month’s emails and deleted everything else. I looked at my almost empty inbox. Wow, it felt so good.
To be honest, I feel genuine anxiety about deleting emails. FOMO (错失恐惧症) is a real problem for many people like me with email issues. So many emails are “offers”. What if that amazing offer never comes up again But the fact is that they do...frequently. What’s more, these great offers are often time-sensitive and so we hang on to them “just in case”, then miss the deadline anyway and still don’t delete them.
I found it useful to limit my emails to 50 and I use an email system which ensures all school emails go into a separate inbox, so I can see at a glance when “Dress like a Roman” day or “Bring an onion to school” day (yes really) is coming up! I feel more in control and organized now. I’m on top of my inbox. Now I’m off to handle the cupboard under the stairs!
4. What was the author’s immediate reaction to her husband’s suggestion
A. She approved of it. B. She felt annoyed at it.
C. She hesitated about it. D. She was astonished at it.
5. What led to the author’s anxiety about deleting emails
A. The deadline that she forgot to meet.
B. The fact that she liked keeping emails.
C. The offer that she might never give.
D. The fear that she would miss out something.
6. What does the author do with her inbox at last
A. Adopt an email system to classify all emails.
B. Separate unwanted emails into a new inbox.
C. Reply to school emails as soon as possible.
D. Set a restriction to the number of emails.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. How the author became an email hoarder.
B. How the author takes her inbox in hand.
C. Why FOMO is a real problem.
D. Why emails turned out to be a headache.
C
People who give, live longer, studies have shown. Now, a new study by University of Michigan shows that why people volunteer—not whether they volunteer—is what really counts.
For the study, Konrath and colleagues analyzed data collected in 2008 and 2012 aiming at the same random samples of 3,376 people. Overall, they found that just 2.3 percent of those who once worked as volunteers had died, compared to 4.3 percent of non-volunteers. They further found that how much people volunteered mattered as well—only 1.8 percent of regular volunteers died, compared with 2.5 percent of occasional volunteers.
But what really made a difference were people’s motives for volunteering. The researchers asked people to rate how important they found various reasons for volunteering, and they found that the more important people rated reasons such as feeling pity for people in need, the more likely they were to be alive. Those who rated motives related to personal benefit as more important were more likely to have died, and just as likely to die as those who didn’t volunteer at all. These reasons included volunteering because they enjoyed the social contact, to escape their own problems, or to explore their own strengths.
Konrath says the current findings suggest it may be a poor idea to encourage people to volunteer because it’s good for them. “Volunteering is increasingly being encouraged in schools and organizations. Some groups say that it’s okay to want benefits for yourself, and encourage people to think of volunteering as an exchange for personal interests. Some groups emphasize the health benefits received through volunteering.” Konrath added, “Of course, it’s reasonable for volunteers to expect benefits for themselves. But the potential health benefits of volunteering are significantly reduced if self-benefit becomes a person’s main motive.”
8. What does the new study mainly find
A. How we volunteer makes sense to others.
B. How often we volunteer makes a difference.
C. Whether we volunteer decides our well-being.
D. Why we volunteer has an impact on our health.
9. How did the researchers do the study
A. By analyzing statistics.
B. By rating volunteers’ performances.
C. By doing lab experiments.
D. By grouping participants randomly.
10. Which of the following motives will probably contribute to a longer life
A. To develop abilities.
B. To make more friends.
C. To help the poor people.
D. To solve personal problems.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Practical suggestions on further studies.
B. A further explanation of the current findings.
C. Potential applications of the research method.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research results.
D
A small robot that can change its shape and produce heat shows potential in targeting cancer cells and preventing internal bleeding. It can also be used for delivering drugs directly to tumors (肿瘤) or inaccessible areas within the human body.
Researchers, led by Ren Hao Soon at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Stuttgart, Germany, developed a centimeter-sized robot inspired by pangolins (穿山甲). It is constructed with soft and magnetic (磁性的) materials, allowing the robot to change its shape. To enable movement, shape shifting, and heat generation, the researchers applied magnetic fields to the robot’s metal parts. By adjusting the frequency of these fields, the robot was able to heat up and give out heat into its surroundings. The team observed that the robot’s body temperature could be over 70℃.
In addition, the researchers used the robot’s heat to deliver substances within a simulated (模拟的) stomach environment. They attached something simulating medicine capsules onto the robot, which dissolved upon heating, thereby releasing the goods. This technique holds promise for targeted drug delivery inside the body.
Soon, his team also tested the robot’s ability to halt bleeding. They created wounds using a dead pig’s stomach. By pumping blood through a small incision using a syringe, they simulated bleeding. Subsequently, the robot extended and covered the area, giving out heat to help stop bleeding.
According to Jake Abbott from the University of Utah, the robot could potentially be employed for targeted destruction of tumor cells, reducing the need for exposing large amounts of tissue to radiation or chemicals. By raising the robot’s temperature to a level unsafe for normal cells and keeping it in place for a few minutes, cancer cells can be killed.
12. What can we know about the small robot from the text
A. It was born out of inspiration from the natural world.
B. It can be applied to targeting cancer cells and goods delivery.
C. It can be used to deliver substances to inaccessible rural areas.
D. It can generate heat constructed with specially-selected materials.
13. How do the researchers make the robot deliver goods
A. By using magnets.
C. By using radiation.
B. By using heat.
D. By using chemicals.
14. What does the underlined word “halt” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Control. B. Detect. C. Stop. D. Monitor.
15. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Tiny Robots Will Be Used In Medicine.
B. Tiny Robots Will Be Made to Give Out Heat.
C. Small Robots Will Be Made To Deliver Goods.
D. Small Robots Have Been Used To Cure Tumors.
第二节 七选五 (共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Digital technologies are taking up too much of our time and attention. Many of us will spend a significant part of our lives staring at screens, missing out on satisfying relationships and feeling more emotional pain. For many years, we’ve been taught that the solution to this potential harm is some form of digital detox (脱瘾), which mainly shows us what not to do after our digital addiction. _ 16 Try the following three steps to achieve balance in your and your family’s digital life:
Determine your problem times
Identify the times and situations when being on screens is making your life worse. It could be when you are streaming a TV series right before bed, feeling depressed afterward and losing hours of sleep. Or you could be getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. 17 Identify your top two or three problem situations.
18
Once you identify the pain points, for example, scrolling (滚动浏览) on TikTok for hours keeps you from sleeping and makes you feel depressed afterward, ask yourself: What is screen time replacing and what goals is it serving In other words, what are you actually hungry for You might be endlessly scrolling because you want to feel uplifted at the end of the day. Write down the things you really want.
Try a substitute
19 It’s crucial to pick something that consistently makes you feel good. For example, if your goal is social connection, make plans for a nice meal with a friend or take that weekly meeting in person rather than via Zoom. If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that uplifts you. 20 And at last, you will become empowered, healthy and wise digital citizens.
A. Identify your true desire.
B. Determine your pain points.
C. Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied.
D. But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance.
E. Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping.
F. Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something instead of screen time.
G. If your digital life is out of balance, reducing time on devices is an important first step.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was traveling on an overnight bus in Maharashtra. The bus was more than packed; all 55 seats were 21 and there were some 20 people standing in the aisle. The air inside was hot and filled with strange, unpleasant smells. The hot day 22 the discomfort of the bumpy, 10-hour journey. Because I was traveling on a student pass, I could not 23 a reserved seat. I had no option but to stand --quite 24 .
After around two long hours, I was beyond exhausted and bored. I kept trying to 25 myself, shifting my body weight from one leg to the other to manage the comfort. I suddenly felt a soft hand 26 my elbow. Turning around, I found a middle-aged man with a kind smile looking up at me. He stood up and said I could take his 27 for some time. I was pleasantly surprised and immediately accepted his offer. After 20 minutes, I 28 him to take back his space. A man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus, had observed our 29 .
Just then, something magical happened. Our observer 30 stood up and offered his seat to another standing man. This game of seat-sharing 31 through the bus and, before long, almost all the standers got a chance to be seated. People even started chatting with each other while exchanging 32 , and soon began sharing jokes and singing. The rest of the journey was quite enjoyable.
The bus reached its destination in the early morning. The groups quickly 33 and went their way. But this 34 experience has stayed with me even after all these years. It revealed to me an important fact that we can all 35 what we have, including our burdens, and help our co-passengers in this journey called life.
21. A. booked B. offered C. occupied D. used
22. A. added to B. belonged to C. referred to D. turned to
23. A. admit B. complain C. notice D. claim
24. A. freely B. uncomfortably C. pleasantly D. sadly
25. A. enjoy B. promise C. remind D. balance
26. A. tapping B. hitting C. raising D. dropping
27. A. ticket B. seat C. order D. chance
28. A. informed B. instructed C. signaled D. required
29. A. cooperation B. argument C. exchange D. conflict
30. A. occasionally B. especially C. properly D. voluntarily
31. A. extended B. spread C. went D. grew
32. A. numbers B. cards C. positions D. addresses
33. A. separated B. united C. mixed D. rested
34. A. practical B. extraordinary C. common D. unpleasant
35. A. reflect B. treasure C. change D. share
第二节 短文填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sauce-flavored or liquor latte, a new drink 36 (advertise) as containing the Chinese spirit baijiu , exploded on Chinese social media on September 4th.
The co-branded product from Luckin, China’s biggest coffee brand, and Moutai, a renowned baijiu brand, has aroused 37 (curious) due to its unique combination of coffee and baijiu. Priced at 19 RMB per cup, that’s about $3; it also makes 38 possible for many customers to have their first taste of the luxury Chinese liquor. “It tastes like liquor-flavored chocolate. Yesterday, almost everyone posted their cup of latte on their SNS (社交网络). “I got one today.” “It’s a bit light for me because I’m an alcohol person not a coffee person. But I 39 (definite) wanted to try this, and the combination is good 40 (try).”
The co-branding marketing campaign has clearly been a success. According to the 41 (late) data from Luckin, it made almost 100 million RMB in revenue (收益) ; that’s more 42 _ $13.7 million by selling 5.4 million cups on September 4th alone. But this is not the first time that a Chinese drink brand 43 ( team) up with another company. Hey Tea with luxury brand Fendi, Manner Coffee with Louis Vuitton, both triggered (引发) excitement among consumers.
In a highly-competitive market, 44 Chinese customers have plenty of options to choose from, it means drink 45 (company) need to continuously find new ways to dominate the beverage(饮料) industry.
第三部分XB2 U1-U4课本知识考查（共三节，满分20分）
第一节：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列句子所给的汉语意思，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。
In general, doctors in those days had two ____________(相互矛盾的) theories to explain how cholera spread.
Students need to generate ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give ____________ (报告).
At a ___________ (至少，最小) , the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like.
However, they did not ____________ (预料, 预见) seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.
There has been a ___________ (减少) of about 10% in the number of violent crime this year.
Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her ___________ (适应) to the new culture.
Accidents usually __________ (由……引起) from carelessness, so you should be careful while driving.
For example, America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which ___________ (包含) of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers.
The visit to Russia gave them ___________ (使接触) to the language.
It was correct, but he still needed ___________ (证据).
第二节：单句语法填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
在空白处填入 1个适当的单词，或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不限词数）。
Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I___________(leave) my book in the café.
_________ (lose) in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.
_________ seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ______it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
With my leg________(burn), I won’t be able to go on holiday.
第三节：根据汉语完成下列句子, 每空填一词（共5小题，每题1分，满分5分）
我参加过几次类似的活动，那些活动让我具备了相关的经验。
I have ________ _______ several similar activities, which equipped me with relevant experience.
斯诺赞同第二种看法。
Snow __________ __________ the second theory .
我不小心上了一趟开往城市的火车，然后不得不一路赶回郊区。
I accidentally got on a train ________ _______ the city and then had to come all the way back to the suburbs.
来中国之前， 我唯一接触到中国烹饪的经历时在美国。
________ _______ coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America.
他要求和负责人说话。
He asked to speak to the person ________ _______.
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，
内容包括：
说明比赛要求；
请他推荐英文诗；
请教朗诵技巧。
注意：
写作词数应为80左右；
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear George,
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Missy was absolutely my best friend in the whole world. We had known each other since first grade, and we literally did everything together. We frequently visited each other’s homes, we knew each other’s families like they were our own. The interesting thing about our relationship, however, the fact was that the older we got, the more our values seemed to differ. We still enjoyed a lot of the same things, but I was a bit more settled while she loved being associated with popular people and things. Although she was basically a good person, she had no problem with forcing things to go her way.
Perhaps this is why it seemed that her family actually trusted me more than they trusted her. So, on the day when Missy showed up at my house with a huge dent (凹痕) in her father’s car, I knew that we were in for a troublesome time.
She had banged the car into a tree while out that day, and she knew her father was going to have an explanation. So she stopped by my house in order to make up a story that would lessen her father’s anger. Missy decided to tell him that while in a parking lot, someone must have backed into the car and dented it. Looking at the dent with some crashed leaves and bark (树皮) still sticking there, I attempted to perish (打消) her thought. “I don’t think your father will buy it.” “Don’t worry,” she insisted, “even if my dad doesn’t trust me, he’ll trust you.” My role was to confirm for her. Now keep in mind that I had strong objections to lying and I wanted absolutely nothing to do with the situation. I loved her parents just like my own, and I did not want to be a party to this lie that Missy was creating. Nevertheless, after much request and a general questioning of my loyalty to our friendship, I decided that the least I could do was to act as a silent witness. That way, I wasn’t actually lying; I just wasn’t telling the full truth.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry(询问) began.__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Her father looked at me with great disbelief.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
