阆中中学高2023级2023年秋12月月考
英语试题
(满分 150 分 考试时间：120分钟 )
第I卷(选择题，共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共 5 小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1 What will the man do at seven o’clock tomorrow evening
A. Phone the woman. B. Attend a meeting. C. Have supper.
2. How much should the man pay for a dozen red roses now
A. 15 dollars. B. 17 dollars. C. 20 dollars.
3. When did the woman want to be a writer
A. When she was a kid.
B. When she worked at a bookstore.
C. When she had some books published.
4. Where does the smell probably come from
A. The kitchen. B. The bedroom. C. The living room.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回6、7小题。
6. What is the woman going to do on Saturday afternoon
A. Go to a festival. B. Take a part-time job. C. Meet her friends.
7. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a factory. B. In a company. C. In a supermarket.
听下面一段对话，回答8至10小题。
8. Where does the man come from
A. Ohio. B. Birmingham. C. Los Angeles.
9. How long will the woman stay there
A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Two weeks.
10. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Waiting for their friends.
B. Visiting several places of interest.
C. Spending a holiday.
听下面一段对话，回答11至14小题。
11. Who needs to be nursed in the man’s family
A. His wife. B. His mom. C. His kid.
12. Why is someone in her forties preferable
A. She likes taking care of old people.
B. She can live with the man’s mother.
C. She is more patient and experienced.
13. How much is a live-in nursing worker’s monthly salary at least
A. 3,400 dollars. B. 4,300 dollars. C. 5,000 dollars.
14. What will the man probably do next
A. Check the workers. B. Fill out a form. C. Meet a nursing worker.
听下面一段对话，回答15至17小题。
15. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. How to learn a language well.
B. When the course will be finished.
C. Which course they should take.
16. What might the woman do
A. Take an advanced class.
B. Get a private tutor.
C. Get a part-time job.
17. Who are the speakers probably
A. Foreign students in China.
B. Overseas Chinese students.
C. Experienced Chinese learners.
听下面一段独白，回答18至20小题。
18. What did the woman’s father think of her plan
A. It was a fantastic idea.
B. It wasn’t suitable for her.
C. It wasn’t an interesting sport.
19. How did the woman feel before the marathon started
A. Confident. B. Nervous. C. Painful.
20. What do we know about the woman’s father
A He offended her daughter a little.
B. He knew his daughter very much.
C. He promised to help his daughter train.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Social networking websites are an important tool for us to keep up with the world, make new friends, and share pictures, videos, or bits of interesting news. But for people who have very specific interests, a comprehensive site like Twitter is not sufficient. They want to be part of a supportive online community that shares their particular passions. The following are examples of specialized websites for these people.
Stache Passions
It is a social site for people who wear, admire, or have an interest in moustaches. It features photos of men with all sizes and styles of moustaches, forums for discussing the history, growing, and styling of the stache, and even a meet-up page to help you meet other moustache-lovers.
Horyou
It is a website for people who want to do good in the world. On the site, you can connect with other social activists and entrepreneurs (企业家), plan meetings, share fund-raising strategies, and keep up with thousands of people who are working hard to make the world a better place.There are no funny videos here, but Horyou offers its own web-based video channel that features programs and documentaries about. efforts to improve people’s lives around the globe. Watching them will warm your heart and inspire you to work harder for a better world.
Purrsonals
It is a specialized site for those who love cats. Here you can meet and chat with cat-loving friends, set up play-dates with local people and their pets, and even find a temporary home for a cat in need. If your friends don’t like it when you share endless cute cat videos on your regular social site, Purrsonals is where people are sure to appreciate them!
1. Which site might be useful for those who are interested in appearance
A. Twitter. B. Stache Passions.
C. Horyou. D. Purrsonals.
2. What can you do on Horyou
A. Watch funny short films. B. Collect ideas for making videos.
C. Advertise for social activists. D. Discuss how to raise money.
3. Which of the following is true about Purrsonals
A. It offers a great many cat videos. B. It collects beautiful photos of cats.
C. It helps people find their lost pets. D. It enables people to adopt various pets.
B
Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France on December 27, 1822. His family was poor, and during his early education, Pasteur was an ordinary student who enjoyed art and singing. However, when Pasteur was exposed to science as a teenager, he knew he found his career.
In 1848, Pasteur went to college to become a science teacher. He then became a chemistry professor at the University of Strasbourg. He got married in 1849 and had five children. However, three died young from typhoid fever (伤寒). It was the deaths of his children that drove Pasteur to investigate infectious diseases in order to find a cure. During Pasteur’s time, people believed that bacteria appeared due to “spontaneous generation”(自然发生). They thought that the bacteria just appeared out of nowhere. Pasteur carried out experiments to see if this was true.
Through his experiments he proved that bacteria were living things that came from other living things. They didn’t just spontaneously appear. This was a major discovery in the study of biology and earned Pasteur the title of Father of Microbiology.
As Pasteur learned more about bacteria, he began to think they may be the cause of diseases in humans. When the French silk market was threatened by a disease to silkworms(蚕), Pasteur decided to investigate. He discovered that this disease was caused by bacteria. By killing them from the silkworm farms, he was able to cease the disease and save the French silk business.
Today Louis Pasteur is known as one of the most important scientists in history. His discoveries led to an understanding of bacteria and diseases that has helped save millions and millions of lives.
4. After his children’s deaths, Louis Pasteur ________.
A. became afraid of infectious diseases
B. was frustrated and wanted to do nothing
C. decided to find out how to treat the disease
D. didn’t know it was typhoid fever that caused their deaths
5. What is implied about Louis Pasteur’s discovery in Paragraph 3
A. It supported what most people thought at that time.
B. It revealed that bacteria often appeared out of nowhere.
C. It attracted the attention of the Father of Microbiology.
D. It was a very important discovery in the history of biology.
6. What does the underlined word “cease” in Paragraph 4
A. End. B. Find.
C. Develop. D. Spread.
7. What is the author intended to tell us in the text
A. A disease that killed children easily in history.
B. A great scientist in the field of biology in history.
C. Some of the most important scientists in history.
D. Some of the most important discoveries in history.
C
Some dogs are exceptional. Take Chaser for example, an American border collie (边境牧羊犬) regarded as the “smartest dog in the world”, who could recognize and remember 1, 022 nouns — one for each of her toys. In Germany, another border collie, a male named Rico, practiced “fast-mapping”, or figuring out the names of new things with the speed and cleverness of a three-year-old child.
Yet such examples of dog genius are often “about only one dog”, says Claudia Fugazza, an ethologist who studies dog cognition (认知) at Budapest’s Eotvos Lorand University. She and her colleagues asked owners of 34 pet dogs of various breeds (品种) to teach their dogs names for two separate toys. Out of those 34 animals, only one dog passed the test — a border collie named Oliva. “These results mean talent must be something special,” says Fugazza, lead author of a new study on the experiment.
The scientists looked for dog owners worldwide via social media, then asked them to play fetch with their dogs daily in their homes while repeating the name of the toy, a process that lasted three months. Once a month, with a scientist present, the owners tested the dogs—the study participants included both adults and little dogs — by asking the dogs to fetch one of two toys by name. Dogs that succeeded were then given a new toy and new name to learn. Despite the intensive training, only Oliva learned to match a single word to a toy — in fact, she learned 21 names in two months.
“None of the breeds learned a thing. It was such a surprise,” Fugazza says. To check if the study design worked, the scientists also tested six border collies that could already fetch some toys by name; as predicted, all six of those control dogs, including a dog named Nina, learned additional names.
It’s interesting that 18 of the 33 dogs that failed the test were also border collies, Fugazza points out, showing that the breed isn’t always high performing.
Because of such individual difference, the scientists next plan to track the genetics(基因) and history of a variety of dog breeds to try to identify the factors that produce such smart creatures.
8. Which of the following is recognized as the smartest dog in the world
A. Chaser. B. Rico. C. Oliva. D. Nina.
9. What can we know about the test led by Fugazza
A. 15 dogs successfully passed the test.
B. The participants included only adult dogs.
C. The participants were dogs of different breeds.
D. There were altogether 18 border collies in 33 dogs.
10. What do scientists plan to do next
A. Train different dogs to become smart.
B. Research what can influence dogs gift.
C. Find which breed of dog is the smartest.
D. How to teach dogs to learn new words.
11. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guide book.
C. A novel. D. A science magazine.
D
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated (估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate (足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
12. What would be the best title for this passage
A. The Difficulties of Learning English
B. International Communications
C. The Standard Varieties of English
D. English as a World Language
13. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B. There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C. It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D. People learn English for a variety of reasons.
14. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English
A. It was popular during Shakespeare's time.
B. It is used in former British colonies.
C. It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D. It is a world language that is used for international communication.
15. What forms an adequate working knowledge of English
A. The ability to read a newspaper.
B. It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C. Being a multilingual.
D. Being a native speaker.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Physical exercise has positive effects on our health. If you are focusing on increasing muscle strength and muscle size, an evening workout may be best. ____16____
Understand the pros and cons.
First of all, you have eaten throughout the day, and your body has plenty of fuel and your muscles are warm. Beside, you are less likely to get injured during evening exercise because your muscles and joints have been working all day. ____17____ If you have a lot of evening arrangements or are usually tired at the end of the day, it will be hard to find time or energy to exercise.
Pay attention to how well you seep.
Evening exercise helps some people fall asleep. However, it may give others an energy increase. Evening training also help you sleep deeply throughout the night. ____18____ If you find that you have trouble going to sleep at night, yoga or stretching exercises can help you relax.
____19____
It takes your body two to three hours to digest a meal and absorb nutrients. Eat a snack before your workout and have dinner when you finish exercise. If you want to eat dinner first, eat earlier than you typically would. Foods such as white rice, pasta, bread, and potatoes encourage sleep. Eat them at least one hour before you plan to go to bed. If you plan to go to bed at 11:00 pm, you need to eat before 10:00 pm.
Do not harm your sleeping time.
____20____ This will give your body time to cool down. For example, if you plan to go to bed at 11:00 pm, finish your workout by 9:00 pm. Sleep is as important as exercise and helps your body recover after exercise.
A. Adjust your meal time.
B. Get ready to have a balanced diet.
C. But evening workouts can be easy to give up.
D. Here are some tips to help you exercise in the evening.
E. It is a good idea to join a sports club with your close friends.
F. Too much training could cause you to be too excited to fall asleep.
G. Try to finish your workout two hours before it is time to go to bed.
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My parents gave me a cell phone as my birthday present. They said, “We got you this because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good ___21___ .” Of course I will! I said excitedly.
As soon as I got to school the next morning I asked everyone for their ___22___ . It was cool that I got so many contacts(联系人), I wouldn’t ___23___ the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. ___24___ , I didn’t get caught using it.
A week later we took a test and I failed. To make matters worse, my mom had to ___25___ the test. It was ___26___ to show my mom the test. Well eventually I showed her and she was angry but most of all, she was ___27___ . Seeing her like that made me feel ___28___ .
Weeks passed and my dad started to ___29___ the fact that I had a phone We would argue every day about why phones are bad for us.
I started to wonder what was ___30___ . A week later I tried going a whole day without a cell phone and it didn’t go that ___31___ . That day I had so much ___32___ because I spent time with my family ___33___ . From that day I had a(n) ___34___ point of view towards cell phones.
I will keep using my phone but I have it under ___35___ now so that it doesn’t interfere with(干扰)my real life.
21. A. gifts B. friends C. teachers D. grades
22. A. wishes B. addresses C. numbers D. names
23. A. put up with B. pay attention to C. get along with D. stand up for
24. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Globally D. Equally
25. A. return B. formal C. sign D. take
26 A. strange B. unique C. curious D. hard
27. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. sensitive D. positive
28. A. tired B. determined C. terrible D. surprised
29. A. dislike B. recognize C. check D. misunderstand
30. A. wrong B. classic C. busy D. free
31. A. obviously B. badly C. quickly D. secretly
32. A. wisdom B. courage C. fun D. work
33. A. actually B. anxiously C. formally D. fluently
34. A. interesting B. confusing C. official D. different
35. A. control B. guarantee C. consideration D. pressure
第 II 卷 (非选择题,共55分)
第四部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分55分)
第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Light pollution is a serious problem. This became completely obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a computer-created map based on thousands of satellite (卫星) photos, ____36____ (publish) in 2016. The map shows how and where ____37____(we) world is lit up at night. Large areas of North America, Europe, and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote (偏远的) places on Earth are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted____38____ (country) in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait.
Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because____39____the electric lights of cars, streetlamps, offices, factories and buildings, turning night into day.
People ____40____ live in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time ____41____ (see) stars at night. Scientists are ____42____ (particular) worried about sky glow pollution as it influences their ability ____43____ (view) space.
According to research, more____44____ 80% of the world’s population, and 99% of Americans and Europeans, live under sky glow. It sounds pretty, but sky glow_____45_____(cause) by human activities is one of the most common forms of light pollution.
第二节 写作(满分15分)
46. 你校将举行英语演讲比赛，请你以“Be a Part of Nature”为题写一篇发言稿参赛。内容包括：
1.人与自然的关系；
2.保护自然的倡议。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Be a Part of Nature
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第三节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Looking at her worn-out sneakers(运动鞋), Sarah felt embarrassed going to school wearing them
“What’s the matter, Sarah Is there something wrong ” her mother Meghan asked;
Sarah, in a high voice, shouted, “I am sick of these shoes! I am no longer wearing these to my school! Do you know how embarrassing it is ”
Meghan was a single mother working in a nearby town café. She explained, “Right now, we’re on a tight budget(预算很紧).I’ll make sure to get you a new pair next month.”
Sarah picked up her schoolbag and walked to school, giving her mother a dissatisfied look.
The school was going to organize a sports competition and Sarah filled out the form for a 100-meter race.
When one of her friends saw this, she asked Sarah if she was certain about running the race. Sarah didn’t understand what her friend meant.
“Dear, if you have a new pair of shoes, then it’s fine. But if you choose to wear the ones you are wearing now, I’m afraid you will lose the race!” the friend said, pointing at Sarah’s shoes. Sarah simply nodded and returned to her classroom without saying anything.
Later that day, on her way home, Sarah realized she hadn’t eaten her lunch, so she stopped at a bus stop to finish it.
When she began eating, she noticed that a child was standing next to her in poor clothes. Sarah knew the kid needed that sandwich that she was eating since the kid stared at her and then at her food.
Sarah handed the sandwich to the child, who ran up to her, excitedly got the sandwich from Sarah’s hand and began eating it. After finishing the sandwich, the child thanked Sarah, saying, “I haven’t had such a:tasty sandwich in a long time. My father is a cleaner in a house down the street and my mother is a patient at a hospital. Oh, and my name is Sam”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sarah felt very sad after hearing this.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The race started, and Sarah felt a bit uncomfortable in her old sneakers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1—5 CBBAC 6—10 BABBC 11—15 BCABA 16—20 CABAB阆中中学高2023级2023年秋12月月考
英语试题
(满分 150 分 考试时间：120分钟 )
第I卷(选择题，共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共 5 小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What will the man do at seven o’clock tomorrow evening
A. Phone the woman. B. Attend a meeting. C. Have supper.
2. How much should the man pay for a dozen red roses now
A. 15 dollars. B. 17 dollars. C. 20 dollars.
3. When did the woman want to be a writer
A. When she was a kid.
B. When she worked at a bookstore.
C. When she had some books published.
4. Where does the smell probably come from
A. The kitchen. B. The bedroom. C. The living room.
5. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回6、7小题。
6. What is the woman going to do on Saturday afternoon
A. Go to a festival. B. Take a part-time job. C. Meet her friends.
7. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a factory. B. In a company. C. In a supermarket.
听下面一段对话，回答8至10小题。
8. Where does the man come from
A. Ohio. B. Birmingham. C. Los Angeles.
9. How long will the woman stay there
A. Two days. B. Three days. C. Two weeks.
10. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Waiting for their friends.
B. Visiting several places of interest.
C. Spending a holiday.
听下面一段对话，回答11至14小题。
11. Who needs to be nursed in the man’s family
A. His wife. B. His mom. C. His kid.
12. Why is someone in her forties preferable
A. She likes taking care of old people.
B. She can live with the man’s mother.
C. She is more patient and experienced.
13. How much is a live-in nursing worker’s monthly salary at least
A. 3,400 dollars. B. 4,300 dollars. C. 5,000 dollars.
14. What will the man probably do next
A. Check the workers. B. Fill out a form. C. Meet a nursing worker.
听下面一段对话，回答15至17小题。
15. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. How to learn a language well.
B. When the course will be finished.
C. Which course they should take.
16. What might the woman do
A. Take an advanced class.
B. Get a private tutor.
C. Get a part-time job.
17. Who are the speakers probably
A. Foreign students in China.
B. Overseas Chinese students.
C. Experienced Chinese learners.
听下面一段独白，回答18至20小题。
18. What did the woman’s father think of her plan
A. It was a fantastic idea.
B. It wasn’t suitable for her.
C. It wasn’t an interesting sport.
19. How did the woman feel before the marathon started
A Confident. B. Nervous. C. Painful.
20. What do we know about the woman’s father
A. He offended her daughter a little.
B. He knew his daughter very much.
C. He promised to help his daughter train.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Social networking websites are an important tool for us to keep up with the world, make new friends, and share pictures, videos, or bits of interesting news. But for people who have very specific interests, a comprehensive site like Twitter is not sufficient. They want to be part of a supportive online community that shares their particular passions. The following are examples of specialized websites for these people.
Stache Passions
It is a social site for people who wear, admire, or have an interest in moustaches. It features photos of men with all sizes and styles of moustaches, forums for discussing the history, growing, and styling of the stache, and even a meet-up page to help you meet other moustache-lovers.
Horyou
It is a website for people who want to do good in the world. On the site, you can connect with other social activists and entrepreneurs (企业家), plan meetings, share fund-raising strategies, and keep up with thousands of people who are working hard to make the world a better place.There are no funny videos here, but Horyou offers its own web-based video channel that features programs and documentaries about. efforts to improve people’s lives around the globe. Watching them will warm your heart and inspire you to work harder for a better world.
Purrsonals
It is a specialized site for those who love cats. Here you can meet and chat with cat-loving friends, set up play-dates with local people and their pets, and even find a temporary home for a cat in need. If your friends don’t like it when you share endless cute cat videos on your regular social site, Purrsonals is where people are sure to appreciate them!
1. Which site might be useful for those who are interested in appearance
A. Twitter. B. Stache Passions.
C. Horyou. D. Purrsonals.
2. What can you do on Horyou
A. Watch funny short films. B. Collect ideas for making videos.
C. Advertise for social activists. D. Discuss how to raise money.
3. Which of the following is true about Purrsonals
A. It offers a great many cat videos. B. It collects beautiful photos of cats.
C. It helps people find their lost pets. D. It enables people to adopt various pets.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了三个特色网站。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stache Passions部分“It is a social site for people who wear, admire, or have an interest in moustaches.”( 这是一个面向那些对穿着，欣赏，或对胡子感兴趣的人们的社交网站。)由此可知，对外表感兴趣的人，这个网站或许是有用的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Horvou部分“On the site, you can connect with other social activists and entrepreneurs (企业家), plan meetings, share fund-raising strategies, and keep up, with thousands of people who are working hard to make the world a better place.”( 在这个网站上，你可以与其他社会活动家和企业家建立联系，与成千上万的努力工作让世界成为一个更好的地方的人一起计划会议、分享筹款策略，齐步前进。)可知，在Horyou网站上，你可以讨论如何筹款。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Purrsonals部分“If your friends don’t like it when you share endless cute eat videos on your regular social site, Purrsonals is where people are sure to appreciate them!”( 如果你的朋友不喜欢你在社交网站上无止境地分享可爱的猫咪视频，那么Pursonals肯定是人们一定欣赏的地方)可知，这个网站经常提供许多猫的视频。故选A项。
B
Louis Pasteur was born in Dole, France on December 27, 1822. His family was poor, and during his early education, Pasteur was an ordinary student who enjoyed art and singing. However, when Pasteur was exposed to science as a teenager, he knew he found his career.
In 1848, Pasteur went to college to become a science teacher. He then became a chemistry professor at the University of Strasbourg. He got married in 1849 and had five children. However, three died young from typhoid fever (伤寒). It was the deaths of his children that drove Pasteur to investigate infectious diseases in order to find a cure. During Pasteur’s time, people believed that bacteria appeared due to “spontaneous generation”(自然发生). They thought that the bacteria just appeared out of nowhere. Pasteur carried out experiments to see if this was true.
Through his experiments he proved that bacteria were living things that came from other living things. They didn’t just spontaneously appear. This was a major discovery in the study of biology and earned Pasteur the title of Father of Microbiology.
As Pasteur learned more about bacteria, he began to think they may be the cause of diseases in humans. When the French silk market was threatened by a disease to silkworms(蚕), Pasteur decided to investigate. He discovered that this disease was caused by bacteria. By killing them from the silkworm farms, he was able to cease the disease and save the French silk business.
Today Louis Pasteur is known as one of the most important scientists in history. His discoveries led to an understanding of bacteria and diseases that has helped save millions and millions of lives.
4. After his children’s deaths, Louis Pasteur ________.
A. became afraid of infectious diseases
B. was frustrated and wanted to do nothing
C. decided to find out how to treat the disease
D. didn’t know it was typhoid fever that caused their deaths
5. What is implied about Louis Pasteur’s discovery in Paragraph 3
A. It supported what most people thought at that time.
B. It revealed that bacteria often appeared out of nowhere.
C. It attracted the attention of the Father of Microbiology.
D. It was a very important discovery in the history of biology.
6. What does the underlined word “cease” in Paragraph 4
A. End. B. Find.
C. Develop. D. Spread.
7. What is the author intended to tell us in the text
A. A disease that killed children easily in history.
B. A great scientist in the field of biology in history.
C. Some of the most important scientists in history.
D. Some of the most important discoveries in history.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了微生物学之父路易斯·巴斯德的个人成长和发展经历，路易斯·巴斯德被认为是历史上最重要的科学家之一。他的发现使人们了解了细菌和疾病，帮助拯救了数百万人的生命。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后“It was the deaths of his children that drove Pasteur to investigate infectious diseases in order to find a cure.（正是孩子们的死亡促使巴斯德研究传染病以找到治疗方法）”可知， 孩子的去世驱使巴斯德的调查传染病从而找到治愈的方法。C选项“decided to find out how to treat the disease（决定找出治疗这种疾病的方法）”为正确选项。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This was a major discovery in the study of biology and earned Pasteur the title of Father of Microbiology. （这是生物学研究中的一个重大发现，也为巴斯德赢得了微生物学之父的称号）”可知, 这是生物学研究领域的重要发现, 而且使巴斯德获得了"微生物之父"的称号。D选项“It was a very important discovery in the history of biology.（这是生物史上一个非常重要的发现。）“故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线后“save the French silk business（拯救法国的丝绸业）”可知cease意为“终止, 停止”。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“Today Louis Pasteur is known as one of the most important scientists in history. His discoveries led to an understanding of bacteria and diseases that has helped save millions and millions of lives.（今天，路易斯·巴斯德被认为是历史上最重要的科学家之一。他的发现使人们了解了细菌和疾病，帮助拯救了数百万人的生命）”和全文来看，本文主要讲述了历史上伟大的科学家巴斯德的一些生平经历以及其在细菌与疾病等方面的部分发现。B选项“A great scientist in the field of biology in history.（历史上生物学领域的伟大科学家）”为正确选项。故选B项。
C
Some dogs are exceptional. Take Chaser for example, an American border collie (边境牧羊犬) regarded as the “smartest dog in the world”, who could recognize and remember 1, 022 nouns — one for each of her toys. In Germany, another border collie, a male named Rico, practiced “fast-mapping”, or figuring out the names of new things with the speed and cleverness of a three-year-old child.
Yet such examples of dog genius are often “about only one dog”, says Claudia Fugazza, an ethologist who studies dog cognition (认知) at Budapest’s Eotvos Lorand University. She and her colleagues asked owners of 34 pet dogs of various breeds (品种) to teach their dogs names for two separate toys. Out of those 34 animals, only one dog passed the test — a border collie named Oliva. “These results mean talent must be something special,” says Fugazza, lead author of a new study on the experiment.
The scientists looked for dog owners worldwide via social media, then asked them to play fetch with their dogs daily in their homes while repeating the name of the toy, a process that lasted three months. Once a month, with a scientist present, the owners tested the dogs—the study participants included both adults and little dogs — by asking the dogs to fetch one of two toys by name. Dogs that succeeded were then given a new toy and new name to learn. Despite the intensive training, only Oliva learned to match a single word to a toy — in fact, she learned 21 names in two months.
“None of the breeds learned a thing. It was such a surprise,” Fugazza says. To check if the study design worked, the scientists also tested six border collies that could already fetch some toys by name; as predicted, all six of those control dogs, including a dog named Nina, learned additional names.
It’s interesting that 18 of the 33 dogs that failed the test were also border collies, Fugazza points out, showing that the breed isn’t always high performing.
Because of such individual difference, the scientists next plan to track the genetics(基因) and history of a variety of dog breeds to try to identify the factors that produce such smart creatures.
8. Which of the following is recognized as the smartest dog in the world
A Chaser. B. Rico. C. Oliva. D. Nina.
9. What can we know about the test led by Fugazza
A. 15 dogs successfully passed the test.
B. The participants included only adult dogs.
C. The participants were dogs of different breeds.
D. There were altogether 18 border collies in 33 dogs.
10. What do scientists plan to do next
A. Train different dogs to become smart.
B. Research what can influence dogs gift.
C. Find which breed of dog is the smartest.
D. How to teach dogs to learn new words.
11. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guide book.
C. A novel. D. A science magazine.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由研究狗认知的动物行为学家Fugazza领导的一项研究发现，相比于其他狗，边境牧羊犬是比较聪明的狗，它们能识别并记住不同玩具的名字，但是在实验中，有一些边境牧羊犬未能通过测试，所以科学家认为这个品种的狗并不是一直都表现好，它们是有个体差异的，所以下一步科学家计划要找出影响这种狗聪明的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Take Chaser for example, an American border collie(边境牧羊犬) regarded as the “smartest dog in the world”, who could recognize and remember 1, 022 nouns—one for each of her toys.”(以美国边境牧羊犬Chaser为例，它被认为是“世界上最聪明的狗”，它能够识别并记住1022个名词，每个名词代表一个玩具。)可知，Chaser被认为世界上最聪明的狗，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She and her colleagues asked owners of 34 pet dogs of various breeds(品种) to teach their dogs names for two separate toys.”(她和她的同事要求34只不同品种的宠物狗主人，教他们的狗识别并记住两个不同玩具的名字。)可知，参加实验的狗是不同的品种。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Because of such individual difference, the scientists next plan to track the genetics(基因) and history of a variety of dog breeds to try to identify the factors that produce such smart creatures.”( 由于这种个体差异，科学家们下一步计划跟踪各种不同品种狗的遗传学和历史，试图找出产生这种聪明生物的因素。)可知，科学家下一步计划要找出是什么影响狗的天赋，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了由研究狗认知的动物行为学家Fugazza领导的一项研究发现，相比于其他狗，边境牧羊犬是比较聪明的狗，它们能识别并记住不同玩具的名字，但是有一些边境牧羊犬未能通过测试，所以科学家认为这个品种的狗并不是一直都表现好，它们是有个体差异的，所以下一步科学家计划要找出影响这种狗聪明的原因。所以可以推断出，文章最有可能来自科学杂志，故选D。
D
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated (估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate (足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
12. What would be the best title for this passage
A. The Difficulties of Learning English
B. International Communications
C. The Standard Varieties of English
D. English as a World Language
13. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B. There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C. It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D. People learn English for a variety of reasons.
14. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English
A. It was popular during Shakespeare's time.
B. It is used in former British colonies.
C. It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D. It is a world language that is used for international communication.
15. What forms an adequate working knowledge of English
A. The ability to read a newspaper.
B. It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C. Being a multilingual.
D. Being a native speaker.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语的发展变化情况，说明了会说英语的人的数量是难以估测的，人们学习英语的原因多种多样，以及英语作为一种世界语言在当代社会中的重要性。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language.(对英语的广泛需求的主要原因是它作为一门世界语言的重要性)”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了英语作为一种世界语言在当代社会中的重要性，所以这篇文章最好的标题是“作为世界语言的英语”。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate (足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.(事实上，我们无法估计世界上有多少人除了掌握自己的语言外，还掌握了足够的英语实用知识)”可知，具备足够的英语实用知识的人数是无法估计的，A项“世界上约有2.6亿人具备足够的英语实用知识”表述错误。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language.(对英语的广泛需求的主要原因是它作为一门世界语言的重要性)”以及“It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.(它被广泛用于气象和机场通信、国际会议以及通过许多国家的广播和电视网络传播信息等目的。它是许多发展中国家，特别是前英国殖民地更广泛交流的语言。其中许多国家拥有多语言人口，需要一种语言来进行政府、商业、工业、法律和教育等事务的内部沟通，以及国际沟通和进入西方科学技术发展的机会)”可知，英语被广泛使用的主要原因是它是一种用于国际交流的世界语言。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.(学习英语的目的和学习英语的情景千差万别，很难解释清楚，更难判断在每种情况下怎样才能形成足够的实用知识)”可知，很难判断是什么构成了足够的英语实用知识，因为情况不同。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Physical exercise has positive effects on our health. If you are focusing on increasing muscle strength and muscle size, an evening workout may be best. ____16____
Understand the pros and cons.
First of all, you have eaten throughout the day, and your body has plenty of fuel and your muscles are warm. Beside, you are less likely to get injured during evening exercise because your muscles and joints have been working all day. ____17____ If you have a lot of evening arrangements or are usually tired at the end of the day, it will be hard to find time or energy to exercise.
Pay attention to how well you seep.
Evening exercise helps some people fall asleep. However, it may give others an energy increase. Evening training also help you sleep deeply throughout the night. ____18____ If you find that you have trouble going to sleep at night, yoga or stretching exercises can help you relax.
____19____
It takes your body two to three hours to digest a meal and absorb nutrients. Eat a snack before your workout and have dinner when you finish exercise. If you want to eat dinner first, eat earlier than you typically would. Foods such as white rice, pasta, bread, and potatoes encourage sleep. Eat them at least one hour before you plan to go to bed. If you plan to go to bed at 11:00 pm, you need to eat before 10:00 pm.
Do not harm your sleeping time.
____20____ This will give your body time to cool down. For example, if you plan to go to bed at 11:00 pm, finish your workout by 9:00 pm. Sleep is as important as exercise and helps your body recover after exercise.
A. Adjust your meal time.
B. Get ready to have a balanced diet.
C. But evening workouts can be easy to give up.
D. Here are some tips to help you exercise in the evening.
E. It is a good idea to join a sports club with your close friends.
F. Too much training could cause you to be too excited to fall asleep.
G. Try to finish your workout two hours before it is time to go to bed.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些帮助晚上锻炼的建议。
【16题详解】
上文“If you are focusing on increasing muscle strength and muscle size, an evening workout may be best.”（如果你正专注于增加肌肉力量和肌肉大小，晚上锻炼可能是最好的。）说明晚上锻炼很好，空处应给出一些帮助晚上锻炼的建议，D项“这里有一些建议可以帮助你在晚上锻炼。”符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
下文“If you have a lot of evening arrangements or are usually tired at the end of the day, it will be hard to find time or energy to exercise.”（如果你有很多晚上的安排，或者通常在一天结束时很累，你将很难找到时间或精力来锻炼。）说明有很多原因会导致晚上锻炼无法完成，空处应说明晚上锻炼很难坚持，C项“但是晚上的锻炼很容易放弃。”符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“However, it may give others an energy increase.”（然而，它可能会给其他人增加能量。）说明锻炼可能会导致能量增加，以及下文“If you find that you have trouble going to sleep at night, yoga or stretching exercises can help you relax.”（如果你发现晚上难以入睡，瑜伽或伸展运动可以帮助你放松。）说明入睡困难时可以采用的方法，所以空处应说明锻炼可能会导致入睡困难，F项“过多的训练会使你兴奋得无法入睡。”符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
下文“It takes your body two to three hours to digest a meal and absorb nutrients.”（你的身体消化一顿饭和吸收营养需要两到三个小时。）说明身体消化吸收食物需要时间，以及下文具体举例说明吃东西的时间，所以本段主要建议调整用餐时间，A项“调整你的用餐时间。”符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
下文“For example, if you plan to go to bed at 11:00 pm, finish your workout by 9:00 pm.”（例如，如果你计划晚上11:00上床睡觉，那么在晚上9:00之前完成训练。）说明应该在睡觉前两个小时完成锻炼，G项“试着在睡觉前两小时完成锻炼。”符合题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My parents gave me a cell phone as my birthday present. They said, “We got you this because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good ___21___ .” Of course I will! I said excitedly.
As soon as I got to school the next morning I asked everyone for their ___22___ . It was cool that I got so many contacts(联系人), I wouldn’t ___23___ the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. ___24___ , I didn’t get caught using it.
A week later we took a test and I failed. To make matters worse, my mom had to ___25___ the test. It was ___26___ to show my mom the test. Well eventually I showed her and she was angry but most of all, she was ___27___ . Seeing her like that made me feel ___28___ .
Weeks passed and my dad started to ___29___ the fact that I had a phone. We would argue every day about why phones are bad for us.
I started to wonder what was ___30___ . A week later I tried going a whole day without a cell phone and it didn’t go that ___31___ . That day I had so much ___32___ because I spent time with my family ___33___ . From that day, I had a(n) ___34___ point of view towards cell phones.
I will keep using my phone but I have it under ___35___ now so that it doesn’t interfere with(干扰)my real life.
21. A. gifts B. friends C. teachers D. grades
22 A. wishes B. addresses C. numbers D. names
23. A. put up with B. pay attention to C. get along with D. stand up for
24. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Globally D. Equally
25. A. return B. formal C. sign D. take
26. A. strange B. unique C. curious D. hard
27. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. sensitive D. positive
28. A. tired B. determined C. terrible D. surprised
29. A. dislike B. recognize C. check D. misunderstand
30. A. wrong B. classic C. busy D. free
31. A. obviously B. badly C. quickly D. secretly
32. A. wisdom B. courage C. fun D. work
33. A. actually B. anxiously C. formally D. fluently
34. A. interesting B. confusing C. official D. different
35. A. control B. guarantee C. consideration D. pressure
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章用作者在学校用手机的经历为线索，告诉我们应善用手机，做生活的主人。
【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望你能继续取得好成绩。A.gifts 礼物；B.friends朋友；C.teachers老师；D.grades分数。根据上文的“We got you this because you are doing well in school”可知，我的父母希望我能继续保持好成绩。故选D。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上我一到学校，就问每个人要电话号码。A.wishes愿望；B.addresses地址；C.numbers号码；D.names名字。根据下文的“It was cool that I got so many contacts”可知，我向每一位同学索要他们的电话号码。故选C。
3.考查短语词义辨析。句意：我有这么多联系人，真是太酷了，我都没注意到老师，因为我忙着打电话。A.put up with忍受；B.pay attention to注意；C.get along with与……相处； D.stand up for拥护；支持。根据下文的“because I was too busy on my phone”可知，我不再注意老师讲课。故选B。
4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我没有被抓到使用手机。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Finally最终；C.Globally全球地；D.Equally同样地；平等地。根据下文的“I didn’t get caught using it”可知，老师没发现我上课玩手机，所以我是幸运地。故选A。
5.考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我妈妈不得不在测试上签字。A.return返回；B.formal 正式的；C.sign签名；D.take带走。根据下文的“show my mom the test. Well eventually I showed her and she was angry”可知，我得把试卷拿给妈妈签字。故选C。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给我妈妈看测试结果很难。A.strange奇怪的；B.unique独一无二的；C.curious好奇的；D.hard困难的。根据上文的“A week later we took a test and I failed.”可知，让妈妈看我的试卷对我而言是很艰难的事。故选D。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后我给她看了，她很生气，但最重要的是，她很失望。A.ashamed惭愧的；B.disappointed失望的；C.sensitive善解人意的；容易生气的；D.positive积极的。结合前文“We expect you to keep getting good __1__.”“A week later we took a test and I failed.”可知，我的考试结果并未实现父母的期望，所以妈妈对我是失望的。故选B。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她那样让我感觉很糟糕。A.tired累的；B.determined意志坚定的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文的“she was angry but most of all, she was__7___ ”可知，妈妈对我感到很失望，所以此处指看到妈妈如此不开心，我也感到很难受。故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了，我爸爸开始不赞成我有电话。A.dislike 不喜欢；B.recognize认出；C.check检查； D.misunderstand误解。根据下文的“We would argue every day about why phones are bad for us”可知，过了几周，我的爸爸也不赞成我继续使用手机了。故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑到底是怎么回事。A.wrong错误的；B.classic经典的；C.busy忙碌的； D.free自由的。根据下文的“A week later I tried going a whole day without a cell phone”可知，我开始反思是哪里 出了问题（wrong）”。故选A。
11.考查副词词义辨析。句意：一周后，我试着一整天都不用手机，结果也没那么糟。A.obviously 显而易见地；B.badly糟糕地；C.quickly快地；D.secretly秘密地。结合下文“That day I had so much 12 because I spent time with my family 13 .”可知，此处指我觉得没有手机也并不是糟糕的，故选B。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天我很开心，因为我和家人真真切切地在一起。A.wisdom 智慧；B.courage勇气；C.fun乐趣；D.work工作。结合下文“because I spent time with my family ”可知，和家人在一起自然是快乐的。故选C。
13.考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.actually 真真切切地；B.anxiously 焦虑地；C.formally正式地；D.fluently流利地。根据文中的“That day I had so much_____ spent time with my family”可知，我真正的和家人度过了一段时光。故选A。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我对手机有了不同的看法。A.interesting 有趣的；B.confusing 困惑的；C.official 官方的；D.different不同的。根据下文的“it doesn’t interfere with my real life”可知，从那以后，我对手机有了不同的看法。故选D。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会继续用我的手机，但我现在已经控制住了，这样它就不会干扰我的真实生活。A.control控制；B.guarantee保证；C.consideration 考虑；D.pressure压力。短语：under control“在控制下”，根据下文“so that it doesn’t interfere with my real life”可知，在保证正常生活不被干扰的前提下，我会继续有节制地使用手机。故选A。
第 II 卷 (非选择题,共55分)
第四部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分55分)
第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Light pollution is a serious problem. This became completely obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a computer-created map based on thousands of satellite (卫星) photos, ____36____ (publish) in 2016. The map shows how and where ____37____(we) world is lit up at night. Large areas of North America, Europe, and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote (偏远) places on Earth are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted____38____ (country) in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait.
Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because____39____the electric lights of cars, streetlamps, offices, factories and buildings, turning night into day.
People ____40____ live in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time ____41____ (see) stars at night. Scientists are ____42____ (particular) worried about sky glow pollution as it influences their ability ____43____ (view) space.
According to research, more____44____ 80% of the world’s population, and 99% of Americans and Europeans, live under sky glow. It sounds pretty, but sky glow_____45_____(cause) by human activities is one of the most common forms of light pollution.
【答案】36. was published
37. our 38. countries
39. of 40. who ## that
41. seeing 42. particularly
43. to view
44. than 45. caused
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人工照明给人类与环境带来的问题。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：2016年发布《世界人工夜空亮度地图集》(World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness)是一幅基于数千张卫星照片的计算机绘制的地图，这一点变得非常明显。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语in 2016可知动作发生在过去且主语a computer-created map与publish之间为被动关系，应用一般过时的被动语态。故填was published。
【37题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这张地图显示了我们的世界在夜晚是如何被照亮的，以及在哪里被照亮。由句意及空后的名词world可知应填形容词性物主代词our，作定语。故填our。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：世界上光污染最严重的国家包括新加坡、卡塔尔和科威特。由句意及空前的Some of the most light-polluted可知应填名词复数形式countries，作主语。故填countries。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于汽车、路灯、办公室、工厂和建筑物的电灯把黑夜变成了白天，天空变得明亮，主要是在城市上空。由句意知空处应填介词of，because of“由于；因为”，固定搭配。故填of。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：居住在高亮度城市的人们在晚上很难看到星星。此处为定语从句，先行词为People，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：居住在高亮度城市的人们在晚上很难看到星星。have a hard time(in)doing sth“做某事由有困难”，固定搭配，介词in可以省略。故填seeing。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：科学家们特别担心天光污染，因为这会影响他们观察太空的能力。修饰形容词worried应用副词particularly，作状语。故填particularly。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：科学家们特别担心天光污染，因为这会影响他们观察太空的能力。由句意知此处应填不定式的形式，the ability to do sth“做某事的能力”。故填to view。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据研究，世界上超过80%的人口，以及99%的美国人和欧洲人生活在天空的光芒下。more than意为“超过”，固定搭配。故填than。
【45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这听起来不错，但人类活动造成的天光是最常见的光污染之一。空处应填非谓语动词的形式，sky glow与cause之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填caused。
第二节 写作(满分15分)
46. 你校将举行英语演讲比赛，请你以“Be a Part of Nature”为题写一篇发言稿参赛。内容包括：
1.人与自然的关系；
2.保护自然的倡议。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Be a Part of Nature
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Be a Part of Nature
Hello, everyone!I’m glad to give a speech here titled “Be a Part of Nature”. As we all know, we humans depend on nature to live and in turn, all human activity has an impact on the natural environment. This means that humans should live in harmony with nature, making reasonable use of natural resources and respecting the laws of nature.
We are all part of nature, not separate from it. Let’s begin now, starting from small things to protect nature and work hard toward making our world a better place!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Be a Part of Nature”为题写一篇发言稿参加学校举行的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →delighted
依赖：depend on →rely on
应该：should →be supposed to
影响：impact →effect/influence
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：As we all know, we humans depend on nature to live and in turn, all human activity has an impact on the natural environment.
拓展句：It’s known to us all that we humans depend on nature to live and in turn, all human activity has an impact on the natural environment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to give a speech here titled “Be a Part of Nature”.（运用了过去分词短语作定语修饰speech）
【高分句型2】This means that humans should live in harmony with nature, making reasonable use of natural resources and respecting the laws of nature.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及现在分词短语作状语）
第三节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Looking at her worn-out sneakers(运动鞋), Sarah felt embarrassed going to school wearing them
“What’s the matter, Sarah Is there something wrong ” her mother Meghan asked;
Sarah, in a high voice, shouted, “I am sick of these shoes! I am no longer wearing these to my school! Do you know how embarrassing it is ”
Meghan was a single mother working in a nearby town café. She explained, “Right now, we’re on a tight budget(预算很紧).I’ll make sure to get you a new pair next month.”
Sarah picked up her schoolbag and walked to school, giving her mother a dissatisfied look.
The school was going to organize a sports competition and Sarah filled out the form for a 100-meter race.
When one of her friends saw this, she asked Sarah if she was certain about running the race. Sarah didn’t understand what her friend meant.
“Dear, if you have a new pair of shoes, then it’s fine. But if you choose to wear the ones you are wearing now, I’m afraid you will lose the race!” the friend said, pointing at Sarah’s shoes. Sarah simply nodded and returned to her classroom without saying anything.
Later that day, on her way home, Sarah realized she hadn’t eaten her lunch, so she stopped at a bus stop to finish it.
When she began eating, she noticed that a child was standing next to her in poor clothes. Sarah knew the kid needed that sandwich that she was eating since the kid stared at her and then at her food.
Sarah handed the sandwich to the child, who ran up to her, excitedly got the sandwich from Sarah’s hand and began eating it. After finishing the sandwich, the child thanked Sarah, saying, “I haven’t had such a:tasty sandwich in a long time. My father is a cleaner in a house down the street and my mother is a patient at a hospital. Oh, and my name is Sam”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sarah felt very sad after hearing this.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The race started, and Sarah felt a bit uncomfortable in her old sneakers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
Sarah felt very sad after hearing this. She realized she had not valued what she had. So when her mother returned from the cafe, Sarah ran up to her and told her that she no longer needed new shoes because her current white sneakers were good and worked just fine. Her mother smiled as she thought her daughter had realized a lot of things. Days passed, and finally the day of the sports competition arrived. Sarah was all set and ready to win.
Paragraph 2
The race started, and Sarah felt a bit uncomfortable in her old sneakers. But she didn’t give up. Sarah managed to reach the final and finally won second place. The award ceremony arrived! The first prize was a sports watch. To Sarah’s surprise, the second prize was a new pair of sneakers. Sarah couldn’t help but cry with happiness when she saw the new shoes in her hands.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事的发展为线索展开，讲述了Sarah穿着一双破旧的鞋子，她想要换一双新鞋子，但母亲答应下个月再给她买，Sarah很不高兴，后来她报名参加100米赛跑，也遭到了同学的质疑，认为她穿着这双旧鞋子不会获胜，但是，在等公交车回家的时候，一个穿着破烂的孩子吃了她给的三明治后所说的话，让Sarah有了新的决定。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“莎拉听到这话后感到非常难过。”并结合第二段的提示可知，第一段可描写Sarah听后做出什么样的决定以及她的感受和接下来发生的事情，要涉及到比赛的相关情况。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛开始了，莎拉穿着她的旧运动鞋感到有点不舒服。”可知，第二段可描写Sarah在比赛中表现如何，又有了什么样的结果，考虑一下把鞋子与比赛结果联系一下。
2.续写线索：听后感受——做出不买鞋决定——母亲的感受——参加比赛——赢得奖励——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.珍惜：value/cherish/treasure
②.流逝：pass/elapse/pass by/go by
③.放弃：give up/quit/abandon
情绪类
①.惊讶：surprise/amazement
②.喜悦：happiness/delight/joy
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She realized she had not valued what she had.（运用了省略that的宾语从句和what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Sarah couldn’t help but cry with happiness when she saw the new shoes in her hands.（运用了高级表达couldn’t help but...以及when引导的时间状语从句）
听力1—5 CBBAC 6—10 BABBC 11—15 BCABA 16—20 CABAB
