华斯达学校2023-2024学年度第一学期高二英语
第一次月考试题
考试时长：120分钟 试卷满分：120分
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Homes Built Using Everyday Objects
Can newspapers and bottles be used as building materials The answer is yes
Plastic Bottle Village, Bocas del Toro
One man’s trash (垃圾) is another man’s treasure. Truer words could not describe Robert Bezeau’s project which began in 2012. After collecting tens of thousands of bottles, Bezeau recruited (招收) a team of locals to construct a building using the unwanted materials.
The Bottle Houses, Cape Egmont, Prince Edward Island
The Bottle Houses on Prince Edward Island, Canada, are the creation of Edouard T Arsenault and his daughter Rejeanne. The father and daughter began construction in 1980 and opened the house to the public in 1981.
Earthship Biotecture, Taos, New Mexico
Michael Reynolds built his first Earthship when he was 23 years old. Started out with empty bottles. the Earthship is sustainable and easy to build. Earthship Biotecture offers nightly stays. Self-guided tours are also available (可获得的).
The Paper House, Rockport, Massachusetts
When Elis F. Stenman built his summer home in 1922, he turned to paper for materials. The design has proven to be quite durable (耐用的), as it’s still standing nearly 100 years later. The home has been open to visitors since the 1930s, and only began charging 10 cents per person in 1942 when it became a museum. Today visitors can experience the Paper House for themselves for $2 for adults and $1 for children.
1. When was the Plastic Bottle Village built
A. In 1981. B. In 2021. C. In 2012. D. In 1922.
2. Where can visitors spend the night
A. In an Earthship. B. In the Paper House.
C. In the Bottle Houses. D. In Plastic Bottle Village.
3. How much should 4 adults and 2 children pay if they visit the Paper House now
A. $11. B. $10. C. $12. D. $20.
B
Online classes in space got lots of attention among Chinese students. The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth. The space classes make the young be proud of our country. As a special “teacher”, Wang Yaping is regarded as “the most beautiful astronaut”.
Wang Yaping, 43 years old now, was born in a small village in Shandong. She studied hard all those years. She was good at all subjects, especially sports. Luckily, in 1997, she was accepted by the Air Force, Changchun Flight Academy.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be a female one ” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. In 2013, Wang realized her space dream. She was sent to space by Shenzhou-10. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.
However, it is difficult to be an astronaut. She has to experience a lot of pain that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream come true.
“You are on the way to success as long as you stick to your dreams.” Wang Yaping said. She set a good example to the young. Millions of students are encouraged and inspired by the most beautiful astronaut.
4. When was Wang Yaping born
A. In 1977. B. In 1980. C. In 1990. D. In 2013.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Wang did well in all subjects except sports.
B. Wang took part in Shenzhou-10 tasks in 2003.
C. Wang flew into the space for the second time in 2021.
D. Wang’s training was different from men astronauts.
6. What made Wang Yaping achieve her dream
A. Beautiful look. B. Good luck.
C. Nice family. D. Strong spirit.
7. What’s the best title of this passage
A The Most Beautiful Astronaut.
B. The Special Space Classes.
C. The Introduction to Science.
D. The Life in Space Station.
C
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory,your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”.
According to Sparrow we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organise huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
8. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research
A. We are using memory differently.
B. We are becoming more intelligent.
C. We have poorer memories than before.
D. We need a better way to access information.
9. Why does the passage begin with two questions
A. To introduce the main topic.
B. To show the author’s attitude.
C. To describe how to use the Internet.
D. To explain how to store information.
10. What can we learn about the first experiment
A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.
B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C. The first group did not try to remember the information.
D. The second group did not understand the information.
11. What do people do in transactive memory
A. To keep the information in mind.
B. To change the quantity of information.
C. To organise information like a computer.
D. To remember how to find the information.
D
Fabrizio Fidati, who lost his right hand in an accident 25 years ago, had not experienced the feeling of temperature in his missing fingers until trials for a technology unlocked the cool of iced water and heat of a stove burner for him.
Eventually, the researchers hope it could lead to a more natural feeling of loved ones when he is wearing his prosthetic (义肢). With thermal electrodes( 热电极) placed on the skin of their remaining arm, amputees such as Fidati reported feeling hot or cold in their phantom(幻象) hand and fingers, as well as directly on the arm, according to the trials by the Swiss university EPFL.
The 59-year old Italian is among 27 amputees who took part in the trials, with 17 of them reporting a successful test. Those tested have also been able to differentiate between plastic, glass and copper，pointing to where they feel the feelings on images of a hand.
“By stimulating (刺激) specific parts of the remaining arm of the amputees, we could induce the sense of touch in the missing phantom hands,“ said Dr. Solaiman Shokur, a senior scientist at EPFL who co-led the study. “What they feel in this phantom hand is similar to what they feel on their undamaged hand.”
The technology, which has been tested for more than two years, does not need to be implanted. It can be worn on the skin and combined with a regular prosthetic.
Dr. Silvestro Micera, who co-led the study with Dr. Shokur, said they now wanted to test the device on a larger scale before combining it with other technologies to improve sense of touch in amputees. “We think that we could give people a better sense of embodiment of their hands and maybe even give them the possibility to feel their loved ones in a much more natural way,” Dr. Shokur added.
12. What happened to Fabrizio Fidati
A. He carried out an experiment. B. He was unable to sense iced water.
C. He accidentally lost his right hand. D. He encountered a traffic accident recently.
13. What does the underlined word“induce“ in paragraph 4 mean
A. Predict. B. Increase. C. Imagine. D. Cause.
14. What is Dr. Silvestro Micera’s plan for the near future
A. Perfecting the device. B. Cutting down on costs.
C. Employing more volunteers. D. Producing the device on a large scale.
15. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An educational speech. B. A news report.
C. A course brochure. D. A movie review.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know how emotionally taxing being a college student can be with difficult assignments, hundreds of pages of reading and challenging tests. ____16____ Here are some strategies helpful for you.
●Recognize sad feeling moments as a must. Maybe you just find out that you get a bad grade in a test, or that you have a stressful presentation you need to start. ____17____ When you’re really upset about something, you’re not in the right mindset to do homework. You’d better calm down before attempting anything else.
●See stress as part of the college experience and relax yourself properly. When feeling stressed out, you can try giving yourself a 15-minute break between assignments to do what you like-watching videos, going for a walk, etc. If you have multiple classes that day, you can try taking the scenic route to class and enjoy the fresh air. ____18____
●Remind yourself that you’re just a human. This is hard but necessary. If you’re mentally incapable of attending that class, let the professor know that you can’t go. If you’re struggling but you have lots of assignments, see if you can get extensions or attend office hours to get help so you can feel less stressed. ____19____ So don’t push your sanity (理智) beyond its limits.
●____20____ We have multiple places on campus for you to reach out. Don’t feel embarrassed about it. College life can be full of many things, and it’s completely normal to find yourself completely overwhelmed. But you have resources. There are lots of trusted people very willing to help you!
A. Look for good places.
B. Remember to ask for help.
C. As a person, you can take only so much.
D. It helps to keep you healthy and energetic.
E. It’s hard to balance college life and emotional well-being.
F. Regardless of your reasons, it’s okay to give yourself a break.
G. Doing something you enjoy between work intervals can really help.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
28-year-old Jermaine Scott set up in business as a barber in Madison. Tennessee, about a year ago. He gradually noted the kids were ___21___ to tablets and cellphones when they came to the barbershop. It was ___22___ to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the ___23___ of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day” when kids could come and get a ___24___ haircut. What was required They had to ___25___ a book while they got it.
He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents. Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their ___26___ on. For people in this community, $ 15 for a haircut per kid is not easy to ___27___ so in some way a reduction in the price can ___28___.
Scott began his initiative (倡议) by ___29___ five library books and putting them near his chair. Book ___30___ began pouring in when a local news station got ___31___ of what he was doing. Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by ___32___ his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he ___33___ to get kids excited to learn while also giving them ___34___ role models through motivational speakers. Scott said, “If I step outside my comfort zone and tell them school is cool, ___35___ it will guide them in the right direction.”
21. A. adapted B. reduced C. glued D. accustomed
22. A. safe B. hard C. possible D. pleasant
23. A. advertisement B. support C. celebration D. birth
24. A. satisfied B. discounted C. free D. thorough
25. A. borrow B. purchase C. read D. choose
26. A. hands B. hair C. shirt D. lights
27. A. overlook B. afford C. believe D. decline
28. A. arise B. compensate C. count D. progress
29. A. stealing B. buying C. donating D. borrowing
30. A. contents B. titles C. orders D. donations
31. A. wind B. hold C. sight D. chance
32. A. expanding B. applying C. comparing D. adding
33. A. agrees B. intends C. deserves D. proves
34. A. typical B. classic C. positive D. alternative
35. A. generally B. certainly C. accordingly D. hopefully
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei was born to a family of ethnic Manchu minority group in Heilongjiang Province in1957. ___36___ the age of 17, she came with her sister to Yunnan as part of a team supporting the country’s border regions.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in ___37___ (relative) poor rural areas. Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief ___38___ males are superior to females worsened rural girls’ inferior situation. Some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam because they had to provide for ___39___ (they) brothers.
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea ___40___, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. That was a tough task. She had to raise money and hire teachers. Six years later, she ___41___ (found) the Huaping All-Girls High School. Given the tough environment, however, nine of the ___42___ (origin) 17 teachers later resigned. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite ___43___ (suffer) from illnesses. In spite of her poor health, she has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about ___44___ importance of education for girls.
Because of Zhang’s efforts ____45____ (improve) female education in China, many girls have changed their fate.
第三部分 词汇基础与写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意及括号内的汉语提示写出下列单词。
46. It is important for us to hold an_________(客观的) attitude to life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. Thank you for sharing this encouraging story with us, which has increased our confidence and arouse our________ (激情). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. It’s a _____(科学的) way to trace the origin of the virus for the team. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. It is now generally _______(承认，公认) that he was innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. The university hired leading scholars from all over the world to raise its ______ (学术的) standards. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51. __________(逐渐地), factory workers have been displaced by machines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. Technological advances play a ___(关键性的) role in the process of building a modern China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. He is kind, ________ (温柔) and helpful. To sum up, he is a nice guy. (根据汉语提示单拼写)
54. Whenever we________(遇到) difficulties, we ought to try our best to solve them.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
55. Mr. Wang was a strongly __________(尽心尽力的) comrade of the Party. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假定你李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第三节 续写(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Jane, hurry and get your coat. We’re going to the store,” Dad said. I ran to do as my father instructed. A shopping trip with Dad was a rare experience. He traveled a great deal of time, and I valued the unexpected chance to be alone with him. Once in the car, I asked, “Where are we going ” Dad only smiled, “You’ll see.” To my surprise, we didn’t take the usual turn to the area’s one department store.
Instead, we turned down an alley (小巷) where small houses lined the road. Dad parked the car, got out, and walked to the front door of the first house on the street. Within a few minutes, he returned with Connor, a boy from our school. I tried to hide my disappointment. I had wanted my father to accompany me. At that time, it looked as though I would have to share him with someone else. “Hi, Connor,” I said, only just able to keep the upset and unhappiness from my voice.
“Hi,” he replied. He looked as uncomfortable as I felt. Then, Dad drove to the store. Once inside, he led us to the boys’ clothing section. I was much unhappier. Not only did I have to share my dad, but I also had to look at boring clothes. “Connor will give a poem-reading performance in your school’s 40th anniversary celebration next Friday,” Dad said. “He’ll need a suit to wear for this big occasion. So we’re here.” Connor looked with wonder at the row of clothes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dad must have noticed my unhappiness.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________华斯达学校2023-2024学年度第一学期高二英语
第一次月考试题
考试时长：120分钟 试卷满分：120分
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Homes Built Using Everyday Objects
Can newspapers and bottles be used as building materials The answer is yes.
Plastic Bottle Village, Bocas del Toro
One man’s trash (垃圾) is another man’s treasure. Truer words could not describe Robert Bezeau’s project which began in 2012. After collecting tens of thousands of bottles, Bezeau recruited (招收) a team of locals to construct a building using the unwanted materials.
The Bottle Houses Cape Egmont, Prince Edward Island
The Bottle Houses on Prince Edward Island, Canada, are the creation of Edouard T Arsenault and his daughter Rejeanne. The father and daughter began construction in 1980 and opened the house to the public in 1981.
Earthship Biotecture, Taos, New Mexico
Michael Reynolds built his first Earthship when he was 23 years old. Started out with empty bottles. the Earthship is sustainable and easy to build. Earthship Biotecture offers nightly stays. Self-guided tours are also available (可获得的).
The Paper House, Rockport, Massachusetts
When Elis F. Stenman built his summer home in 1922, he turned to paper for materials. The design has proven to be quite durable (耐用的), as it’s still standing nearly 100 years later. The home has been open to visitors since the 1930s, and only began charging 10 cents per person in 1942 when it became a museum. Today visitors can experience the Paper House for themselves for $2 for adults and $1 for children.
1. When was the Plastic Bottle Village built
A. In 1981. B. In 2021. C. In 2012. D. In 1922.
2 Where can visitors spend the night
A. In an Earthship. B. In the Paper House.
C. In the Bottle Houses. D. In Plastic Bottle Village.
3. How much should 4 adults and 2 children pay if they visit the Paper House now
A. $11. B. $10. C. $12. D. $20.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了4座用报纸，瓶子等日常用品建造的房子。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Plastic Bottle Village, Bocas del Toro中“One man’s trash (垃圾) is another man’s treasure. Truer words could not describe Robert Bezeau’s project which began in 2012.”（一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝贝。罗伯特·贝佐(Robert Bezeau)的这个项目始于2012年，再贴切不过了。）可知，塑料瓶村是在2012年建的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Earthship Biotecture, Taos, New Mexico中“Earthship Biotecture offers nightly stays.”（Earthship Biotecture提供夜间住宿。）可知，游客可以在Earthship Biotecture过夜。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Paper House, Rockport, Massachusetts中“Today visitors can experience the Paper House for themselves for $2 for adults and $1 for children.”（如今，游客可以自己体验纸屋，成人2美元，儿童1美元。）可知，如果现在参观纸屋，4个大人和2个小孩要付$10。故选B。
B
Online classes in space got lots of attention among Chinese students. The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth. The space classes make the young be proud of our country. As a special “teacher”, Wang Yaping is regarded as “the most beautiful astronaut”.
Wang Yaping, 43 years old now, was born in a small village in Shandong. She studied hard all those years. She was good at all subjects, especially sports. Luckily, in 1997, she was accepted by the Air Force, Changchun Flight Academy.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be a female one ” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. In 2013, Wang realized her space dream. She was sent to space by Shenzhou-10. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.
However, it is difficult to be an astronaut. She has to experience a lot of pain that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream come true.
“You are on the way to success as long as you stick to your dreams.” Wang Yaping said. She set a good example to the young. Millions of students are encouraged and inspired by the most beautiful astronaut.
4. When was Wang Yaping born
A. In 1977. B. In 1980. C. In 1990. D. In 2013.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Wang did well in all subjects except sports.
B. Wang took part in Shenzhou-10 tasks in 2003.
C. Wang flew into the space for the second time in 2021.
D. Wang’s training was different from men astronauts.
6. What made Wang Yaping achieve her dream
A. Beautiful look. B. Good luck.
C. Nice family. D. Strong spirit.
7. What’s the best title of this passage
A. The Most Beautiful Astronaut.
B. The Special Space Classes.
C. The Introduction to Science.
D. The Life in Space Station.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了最美航天员——王亚平的事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Wang Yaping, 43 years old now, was born in a small village in Shandong.(现年43岁的王亚平出生在山东的一个小村庄)”以及常识可知，今年为2023年，王亚平43岁，即她出生于1980年。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.(她于2021年加入神舟十三号团队，并第二次飞入太空)”可知，王亚平在2021年第二次飞入太空，C项表述正确。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“She has to experience a lot of pain that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells. That finally made her dream come true.(她经历了很多痛苦，大多数人都无法一直忍受和保持训练。王亚平告诉新华社记者，“太空环境不会因为你是女性而改变。”她努力锻炼自己，接受了和男性一样的训练，包括引体向上和杠铃。这使她的梦想终于实现了)”可知，王亚平经历了很多痛苦，以自己坚强的精神实现了自己的梦想。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a special “teacher”, Wang Yaping is regarded as “the most beautiful astronaut”.(作为一名特殊的“老师”，王亚平被誉为“最美航天员”)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了最美航天员——王亚平的事迹，所以“最美宇航员”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
C
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory,your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”.
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organise huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
8. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research
A. We are using memory differently.
B. We are becoming more intelligent.
C. We have poorer memories than before.
D. We need a better way to access information.
9. Why does the passage begin with two questions
A. To introduce the main topic.
B. To show the author’s attitude.
C. To describe how to use the Internet.
D. To explain how to store information.
10. What can we learn about the first experiment
A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.
B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C. The first group did not try to remember the information.
D. The second group did not understand the information.
11. What do people do in transactive memory
A. To keep the information in mind.
B. To change the quantity of information.
C. To organise information like a computer.
D. To remember how to find the information.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过实验回答了互联网是否正在改变我们的记忆，以及如何改变这个问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段末句“This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing. (这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或更不聪明，但毫无疑问，我们使用记忆的方式正在发生变化。)”可知，根据斯派洛的研究，互联网的影响是：我们使用记忆的方式正在发生变化。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory,your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how. (随着互联网用户越来越依赖互联网来存储信息，人们的记忆是不是越来越少了？如果你知道你的电脑会保存信息，为什么要把它存储在你自己的个人记忆中，你的大脑中呢？专家们想知道，互联网是否正在改变我们的记忆，以及如何改变。)”可知，文章以两个问题开头主要是为了介绍“互联网是否正在改变我们的记忆，以及如何改变”这个主题。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段末句“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it. (第一组的人知道他们可以再次找到这些信息，所以他们没有试图记住它。)”可知，关于第一个实验，第一组没有试图记住这些信息。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”. (当人们使用互联网时，他们不会记住信息。相反，他们记得如何找到它。这被称为“交互记忆”。)”可知，人们在交互记忆中，不会记住信息，而是记住如何查找信息。故选D。
D
Fabrizio Fidati, who lost his right hand in an accident 25 years ago, had not experienced the feeling of temperature in his missing fingers until trials for a technology unlocked the cool of iced water and heat of a stove burner for him.
Eventually, the researchers hope it could lead to a more natural feeling of loved ones when he is wearing his prosthetic (义肢). With thermal electrodes( 热电极) placed on the skin of their remaining arm, amputees such as Fidati reported feeling hot or cold in their phantom(幻象) hand and fingers, as well as directly on the arm, according to the trials by the Swiss university EPFL.
The 59-year old Italian is among 27 amputees who took part in the trials, with 17 of them reporting a successful test. Those tested have also been able to differentiate between plastic, glass and copper，pointing to where they feel the feelings on images of a hand.
“By stimulating (刺激) specific parts of the remaining arm of the amputees, we could induce the sense of touch in the missing phantom hands,“ said Dr. Solaiman Shokur, a senior scientist at EPFL who co-led the study. “What they feel in this phantom hand is similar to what they feel on their undamaged hand.”
The technology, which has been tested for more than two years, does not need to be implanted. It can be worn on the skin and combined with a regular prosthetic.
Dr. Silvestro Micera, who co-led the study with Dr. Shokur, said they now wanted to test the device on a larger scale before combining it with other technologies to improve sense of touch in amputees. “We think that we could give people a better sense of embodiment of their hands and maybe even give them the possibility to feel their loved ones in a much more natural way,” Dr. Shokur added.
12. What happened to Fabrizio Fidati
A. He carried out an experiment. B. He was unable to sense iced water.
C. He accidentally lost his right hand. D. He encountered a traffic accident recently.
13. What does the underlined word“induce“ in paragraph 4 mean
A. Predict. B. Increase. C. Imagine. D. Cause.
14. What is Dr. Silvestro Micera’s plan for the near future
A. Perfecting the device. B. Cutting down on costs.
C. Employing more volunteers. D. Producing the device on a large scale.
15. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An educational speech. B. A news report.
C. A course brochure. D. A movie review.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道的是一项新的技术给戴上假肢的人带的喜讯，描述了该装置的原理以及其测试的情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Fabrizio Fidati, who lost his right hand in an accident 25 years ago( Fabrizio Fidati在25年前的一次事故中失去了右手。)”可知，Fabrizio Fidati在25年前得一次意外中失去了右臂。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“What they feel in this phantom hand is similar to what they feel on their undamaged hand.(他们在这只幻手上的感觉和他们在未受伤的手上的感觉很相似。)”可知，通过实验，这只幻手上的感觉与未受伤的手上的感觉是一样的，划线单词前的“By stimulating (刺激) specific parts of the remaining arm of the amputees(通过刺激截肢者剩余手臂的特定部位)”可知，通过刺激剩余手臂的特定部位，应该可以使在失去的手臂上产生感觉，由此可猜测，该单词的意思与“使产生”相近。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Dr. Silvestro Micera, who co-led the study with Dr. Shokur, said they now wanted to test the device on a larger scale before combining it with other technologies to improve sense of touch in amputees.(与Dr. Shokur,博士共同领导这项研究的Dr. Silvestro Micera博士说，他们现在希望在将该设备与其他技术结合起来改善截肢者的触觉之前，对该设备进行更大规模的测试。)”可知，Dr. Silvestro Micera想在与其他技术联合前进行大量的测试，为了改善被截肢人的触感，由此可知，Dr. Silvestro Micera的近期计划是完善该设备。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Fabrizio Fidati, who lost his right hand in an accident 25 years ago, had not experienced the feeling of temperature in his missing fingers until trials for a technology unlocked the cool of iced water and heat of a stove burner for him.( Fabrizio Fidati在25年前的一次事故中失去了右手，直到一项技术的试验为他解锁了冰水的凉爽和炉子的热量，他才体验到失去的手指的温度感。)”可知，本文以在一次事故中失去右手的Fabrizio Fidati在一项技术测试后，让他重新感受到了温度引出本文的主题，结合下文中描述的该装技术的原理及其测试的情况可知，本文介绍的是一项技术带给戴假肢者带来的喜讯，所以本文很可能是来自于一篇新闻报道。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all know how emotionally taxing being a college student can be with difficult assignments, hundreds of pages of reading and challenging tests. ____16____ Here are some strategies helpful for you.
●Recognize sad feeling moments as a must. Maybe you just find out that you get a bad grade in a test, or that you have a stressful presentation you need to start. ____17____ When you’re really upset about something, you’re not in the right mindset to do homework. You’d better calm down before attempting anything else.
●See stress as part of the college experience and relax yourself properly. When feeling stressed out, you can try giving yourself a 15-minute break between assignments to do what you like-watching videos, going for a walk, etc. If you have multiple classes that day, you can try taking the scenic route to class and enjoy the fresh air. ____18____
●Remind yourself that you’re just a human. This is hard but necessary. If you’re mentally incapable of attending that class, let the professor know that you can’t go. If you’re struggling but you have lots of assignments, see if you can get extensions or attend office hours to get help so you can feel less stressed. ____19____ So don’t push your sanity (理智) beyond its limits.
●____20____ We have multiple places on campus for you to reach out. Don’t feel embarrassed about it. College life can be full of many things, and it’s completely normal to find yourself completely overwhelmed. But you have resources. There are lots of trusted people very willing to help you!
A Look for good places.
B. Remember to ask for help.
C. As a person, you can take only so much.
D. It helps to keep you healthy and energetic.
E. It’s hard to balance college life and emotional well-being.
F. Regardless of your reasons, it’s okay to give yourself a break.
G. Doing something you enjoy between work intervals can really help.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，就当代大学生怎样调节学习压力和保持情感健康的问题提出了几条有益的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We all know how emotionally taxing being a college student can be with difficult assignments, hundreds of pages of reading and challenging tests.(我们都知道，作为一名大学生，面对困难的作业、数百页的阅读和具有挑战性的考试，情绪上是多么费力)”可知，上文提到了情绪费力以及学业困难，本句总结上文：很难平衡大学生活和情感健康。故E选项“很难平衡大学生活和情感健康”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据后文“When you’re really upset about something, you’re not in the right mindset to do homework. You’d better calm down before attempting anything else.(当你真的为某件事心烦意乱时，你就没有正确的心态去做作业。你最好先冷静下来再做别的事)”可知，后文提到了先冷静下来再做别的事情，即建议先休息。故F选项“不管你的理由是什么，让自己休息一下是可以的”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“●See stress as part of the college experience and relax yourself properly. When feeling stressed out, you can try giving yourself a 15-minute break between assignments to do what you like—watching videos, going for a walk, etc. If you have multiple classes that day, you can try taking the scenic route to class and enjoy the fresh air.( ●将压力视为大学生活的一部分，适当放松自己。当你感到压力很大的时候，你可以试着在作业之间给自己15分钟的休息时间，做你喜欢做的事情——看视频、散步等等。如果那天你有多节课，你可以尝试走风景优美的路线去上课，呼吸新鲜空气)”可知，上文提到了“15分钟的休息时间，做你喜欢做的事情”，上文do what you like对应G选项中Doing something you enjoy。故G选项“在工作间隙做一些你喜欢的事情真的很有帮助”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“●Remind yourself that you’re just a human. This is hard but necessary. If you’re mentally incapable of attending that class, let the professor know that you can’t go. If you’re struggling but you have lots of assignments, see if you can get extensions or attend office hours to get help so you can feel less stressed. (●提醒自己，你只是个普通人。这很难，但却是必要的。如果你精神上不能参加那门课，让教授知道你不能去。如果你正在挣扎，但你有很多任务，看看你是否可以延长或参加办公时间寻求帮助，这样你就可以减轻压力)”可知，本段主要说明了不要勉强自己，自己只是个普通人，C选项中As a person呼应上文you’re just a human，故C选项“作为一个人，你只能接受这么多”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文“We have multiple places on campus for you to reach out. Don’t feel embarrassed about it. College life can be full of many things, and it’s completely normal to find yourself completely overwhelmed. But you have resources. There are lots of trusted people very willing to help you!(我们校园里有很多地方供你选择。不要为此感到尴尬。大学生活充满了很多事情，发现自己完全不知所措是很正常的。但你有资源。有很多值得信赖的人非常愿意帮助你！)”可知，下文中的reach out和 willing to help you可知，该段主要讲的是，你可以寻求他人的帮助，故B选项“记得寻求帮助”符合语境，故选B。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
28-year-old Jermaine Scott set up in business as a barber in Madison. Tennessee, about a year ago. He gradually noted the kids were ___21___ to tablets and cellphones when they came to the barbershop. It was ___22___ to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the ___23___ of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day” when kids could come and get a ___24___ haircut. What was required They had to ___25___ a book while they got it.
He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents. Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their ___26___ on. For people in this community, $ 15 for a haircut per kid is not easy to ___27___ so in some way a reduction in the price can ___28___.
Scott began his initiative (倡议) by ___29___ five library books and putting them near his chair. Book ___30___ began pouring in when a local news station got ___31___ of what he was doing. Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by ___32___ his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he ___33___ to get kids excited to learn while also giving them ___34___ role models through motivational speakers. Scott said, “If I step outside my comfort zone and tell them school is cool, ___35___ it will guide them in the right direction.”
21. A. adapted B. reduced C. glued D. accustomed
22. A. safe B. hard C. possible D. pleasant
23. A. advertisement B. support C. celebration D. birth
24. A. satisfied B. discounted C. free D. thorough
25. A. borrow B. purchase C. read D. choose
26. A. hands B. hair C. shirt D. lights
27. A. overlook B. afford C. believe D. decline
28. A. arise B. compensate C. count D. progress
29. A. stealing B. buying C. donating D. borrowing
30. A. contents B. titles C. orders D. donations
31. A. wind B. hold C. sight D. chance
32. A. expanding B. applying C. comparing D. adding
33. A. agrees B. intends C. deserves D. proves
34. A. typical B. classic C. positive D. alternative
35. A. generally B. certainly C. accordingly D. hopefully
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了28岁的Jermaine Scott在麦迪逊市通过为孩子打折理发的方式，来帮助孩子学习和远离电子设备。他的行为得到了电台报道，书籍捐赠开始大量涌入，他也打算将计划扩大，希望这能引导孩子们走向正确的方向。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他逐渐注意到，当孩子们来到理发店时，他们粘在平板电脑和手机上。A. adapted改编；B. reduced减少；C. glued粘住；D. accustomed使习惯于。结合后文to tablets and cellphones可知这些来理发的孩子，专注于平板电脑和手机，好像粘在上面一样。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们专注于这些时，很难给他们理发。A. safe安全的；B. hard困难的；C. possible可能的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。结合后文to cut their hair when they were focused on those可知当这些孩子专注于这些电子设备时，理发变得很难。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了Scott的“理发店图书日”的诞生，孩子们可以来这里享受打折理发。A. advertisement广告；B. support支持；C. celebration庆祝；D. birth诞生。结合后文of Scott's “Barbershop Books Day”可知Scott注意到孩子们专注于电子设备的情况，导致了Scott的“理发店图书日”的诞生。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致了Scott的“理发店图书日”的诞生，孩子们可以来这里享受打折理发。A. satisfied满意的；B. discounted已折扣的；C. free自由的；D. thorough彻底的。根据后文in some way a reduction in the price可知孩子可以享受打折理发。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们必须在获得打折理发时，读一本书。A. borrow借；B. purchase购买；C. read阅读；D. choose选择。根据后文a book可知是指读书。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊市有许多低收入家庭，许多家庭的注意力都集中在维持家庭运转上。A. hands手；B. hair头发；C. shirt衬衫；D. lights光线，灯光。根据上文Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their可知麦迪逊市有许多低收入家庭，许多家庭的注意力都集中在维持家庭运转上。此处keep lights on可以理解为让家庭继续运转。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对这个社区的人来说，每个孩子理发15美元不是一件容易的事，所以从某种程度上说，价格的降低也是很重要的。A. overlook忽视；B. afford买得起；C. believe相信；D. decline下降。上文提到麦迪逊市有许多低收入家庭，所以要付得起每个孩子理发的15美元也不是件容易的事情。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对这个社区的人来说，每个孩子理发15美元不是一件容易的事，所以从某种程度上说，价格的降低也是很重要的。A. arise上升；B. compensate补偿；C. count重要；D. progress前进。因为家庭不富裕，所以理发能获得打折价也很重要。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott从图书馆借了五本书，把它们放在椅子旁边，开始了他的行动。A. stealing偷窃；B. buying购买；C. donating捐赠；D. borrowing借。根据后文five library books可知书是从图书馆借的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地一家新闻电台得知他的行为后，书籍捐赠开始大量涌入。A. contents目录；B. titles标题；C. orders订单；D. donations捐赠。根据后文began pouring in when a local news station got可知新闻电台报道了他的行为，导致有很多书籍捐赠。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地一家新闻电台得知他的行为后，书籍捐赠开始大量涌入。A. wind风；B. hold持有；C. sight视力；D. chance机会。根据后文of what he was doing可知电台得知了他的行为，短语get wind of“听到……的风声，得知”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划将他的计划更进一步，将他的“理发店图书日”扩展为“打破僵局的图书之旅”，在那里他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演说家给他们树立积极的榜样。A. expanding扩大；B. applying申请；C. comparing比较；D. adding增加。结合后文his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour”可知是指将他的“理发店图书日”扩展为“打破僵局的图书之旅”。expand to“扩大到”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划将他的计划更进一步，将他的“理发店图书日”扩展为“打破僵局的图书之旅”，在那里他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演说家给他们树立积极的榜样。A. agrees同意；B. intends打算；C. deserves值得；D. proves证明。结合后文to get kids excited to learn可知Scott打算让孩子们兴奋地学习。intend to“打算”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划将他的计划更进一步，将他的“理发店图书日”扩展为“打破僵局的图书之旅”，在那里他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演说家给他们树立积极的榜样。A. typical典型的；B. classic经典的；C. positive积极的；D. alternative选择性的。根据后文motivational speakers可知是通过励志演说家给他们树立积极的榜样。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Scott说:“如果我走出自己的舒适区，告诉他们学校很酷，希望这能引导他们走向正确的方向。”A. generally通常；B. certainly当然；C. accordingly因此；D. hopefully有希望的。根据后文it will guide them in the right direction.为一般将来时，可推知是指一种希望，希望这能引导他们走向正确的方向。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei was born to a family of ethnic Manchu minority group in Heilongjiang Province in1957. ___36___ the age of 17, she came with her sister to Yunnan as part of a team supporting the country’s border regions.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in ___37___ (relative) poor rural areas. Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief ___38___ males are superior to females worsened rural girls’ inferior situation. Some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam because they had to provide for ___39___ (they) brothers.
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea ___40___, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. That was a tough task. She had to raise money and hire teachers. Six years later, she ___41___ (found) the Huaping All-Girls High School. Given the tough environment, however, nine of the ___42___ (origin) 17 teachers later resigned. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite ___43___ (suffer) from illnesses. In spite of her poor health, she has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about ___44___ importance of education for girls.
Because of Zhang’s efforts ____45____ (improve) female education in China, many girls have changed their fate.
【答案】36. At
37. relatively
38. that 39. their
40. which##that
41. founded
42. original
43. suffering
44. the
45. to improve
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了云南省丽江市华平女子中学校长张桂梅的故事。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：17岁时，她和姐姐一起来到云南，加入了支持边境地区的队伍。at the age of...是固定短语，意为“在……岁的时候”；句首单词首字母大写。故填At。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，张亲眼目睹了相对贫困的农村地区教育中的性别差距。提示词修饰形容词poor，作状语，用副词relatively，意为“相对地”。故填relatively。
【38题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：城乡学生本来就面临着接受优质教育的机会不平等，而男尊女优的传统观念更加剧了农村女孩的劣势地位。“males are superior to females”是对名词belief内容的说明，是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连词that引导该从句。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：一些女孩甚至在高考前被赶出教室，因为她们必须供养她们的兄弟。提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词brothers。故填their。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2002年，张提出了一个在很多人看来很疯狂的想法：为女孩建立一所免费的高中。“, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls.”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an idea，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：六年后，她创办了华平女子中学。found是句中谓语动词，结合句意和时间状语可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式founded。故填founded。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，由于环境恶劣，最初的17名教师中有9人后来辞职。提示词作定语，修饰名词teachers，用形容词original，意为“最初的”。故填original。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了不让任何一个女孩在学业上掉队，张老师经常带病加班。介词despite后用动名词suffering作宾语。故填suffering。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：尽管身体不好，她还是走到深山里的几乎每家每户，向家长们讲述教育对女孩的重要性。根据句意和介词短语“of education for girls”可知，特指教育对女孩的“重要性”，名词importance需用定语冠词the限定。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于张女士为改善中国女性教育所做的努力，许多女孩改变了自己的命运。名词effort后常跟不定式作后置定语，efforts to improve female education in China“为改善中国女性教育所做的努力”。故填to improve。
第三部分 词汇基础与写作(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意及括号内的汉语提示写出下列单词。
46. It is important for us to hold an_________(客观的) attitude to life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】objective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：对我们来说，对生活持客观的态度是很重要的。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词objective，作定语修饰名词attitude。故填objective。
47. Thank you for sharing this encouraging story with us, which has increased our confidence and arouse our________ (激情). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】passion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：感谢您与我们分享这个鼓舞人心的故事，它增加了我们的信心，激发了我们的热情。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词passion，表示“热情”，作动词arouse的宾语，符合题意。故填passion。
48. It’s a _____(科学的) way to trace the origin of the virus for the team. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是该团队追踪病毒来源的科学方法。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，表示“科学的”用scientific，符合句意。故填scientific。
49. It is now generally _______(承认，公认) that he was innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】acknowledged
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：现在人们普遍承认他是无辜的。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是动词“acknowledge”，且结合is可知，应是一般现在时的被动语态，空处缺少动词用过去分词形式。故填acknowledged。
50. The university hired leading scholars from all over the world to raise its ______ (学术的) standards. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】academic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该大学聘请了来自世界各地的顶尖学者来提高其学术水平。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词academic符合题意，作定语，修饰名词standards。故填academic。
51. __________(逐渐地), factory workers have been displaced by machines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Gradually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：逐渐地，工厂工人被机器取代了。根据汉语提示可知，空处填副词gradually，作状语，修饰整个句子，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Gradually。
52. Technological advances play a ___(关键性的) role in the process of building a modern China. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】crucial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：技术进步在建设现代中国的过程中起着至关重要的作用。“关键性的”为形容词crucial，作定语，修饰名词role，故填crucial。
53. He is kind, ________ (温柔的) and helpful. To sum up, he is a nice guy. (根据汉语提示单拼写)
【答案】gentle
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他善良、温柔、乐于助人。总之，他是个好人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“温柔的”应为gentle符合句意。故填gentle。
54. Whenever we________(遇到) difficulties, we ought to try our best to solve them.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】encounter
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：无论何时我们遇到困难，我们都应该尽最大努力去解决它们。根据句意和汉语提示分析句子可知，空格处应该填入动词encounter“遇到”作谓语。故填encounter。
55. Mr. Wang was a strongly __________(尽心尽力的) comrade of the Party. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：王先生是一个对党非常忠诚的同志。“尽心尽力的”为形容词committed作定语，修饰名词comrade，故填committed。
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家
2.他/她的杰出事迹
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响
注意：1.词数不少于80字；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
The scientist I admire most
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The scientist I admire most
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world.
So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→view
不同的：different→various
优秀的：excellent→ outstanding
献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person
拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone's admiration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气）
第三节 续写(满分15分)
57. 阅读下面，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Jane, hurry and get your coat. We’re going to the store,” Dad said. I ran to do as my father instructed. A shopping trip with Dad was a rare experience. He traveled a great deal of time, and I valued the unexpected chance to be alone with him. Once in the car, I asked, “Where are we going ” Dad only smiled, “You’ll see.” To my surprise, we didn’t take the usual turn to the area’s one department store.
Instead we turned down an alley (小巷) where small houses lined the road. Dad parked the car, got out, and walked to the front door of the first house on the street. Within a few minutes, he returned with Connor, a boy from our school. I tried to hide my disappointment. I had wanted my father to accompany me. At that time, it looked as though I would have to share him with someone else. “Hi, Connor,” I said, only just able to keep the upset and unhappiness from my voice.
“Hi,” he replied. He looked as uncomfortable as I felt. Then, Dad drove to the store. Once inside, he led us to the boys’ clothing section. I was much unhappier. Not only did I have to share my dad, but I also had to look at boring clothes. “Connor will give a poem-reading performance in your school’s 40th anniversary celebration next Friday,” Dad said. “He’ll need a suit to wear for this big occasion. So we’re here.” Connor looked with wonder at the row of clothes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dad must have noticed my unhappiness.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Dad must have noticed my unhappiness. So he drew me aside. “We have a chance to help someone in need,” he said quietly. After his continual encouragement, I realized I had done something wrong and was ashamed of my childish behavior. Connor came from a poor family where his parents worked hard to provide for their four children. I guessed that suit had no place in the budget. Eventually, I decided to support Dad’s care for Connor, helping Connor pick up clothing. I even decided to cheer him on when watching his poem reading performance. Knowing my change, Dad joyfully patted my head and I felt really good.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与父亲的一次购物经历，作者以为会和父亲独处购物，没想到父亲带着自己学校的男孩康纳回来了，父亲要给家境贫寒的康纳买演出服，起先作者不开心，但最终父亲用言行让作者懂得了慈善真正的意义。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由本段首句内容“爸爸一定注意到了我的不快。”可知，本段可描写父亲告诉作者帮助康纳的原因，用言行让作者懂得了慈善真正的意义，作者最后扭转态度。
2.续写线索：作者感到不快——作者父亲解释原因——作者理解并感到羞愧——作者转变态度——作者父亲高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助某人：help sb./give sb. a hand
②意识到：realize/be aware
③决定做某事：decide to do sth./determine to do sth.
情绪类
①惭愧的：ashamed/abashed
②高兴地：joyfully/with delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]. After his continual encouragement, I realized I had done something wrong and was ashamed of my childish behavior. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Connor came from a poor family where his parents worked hard to provide for their four children. (运用了where引导的定语从句)
